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Planning of Rural Sanitation Projects

Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate Case Study (Horizon 2020 Project)

Dr. Ahmad H Gaber

Chairman, Chemonics Egypt Consultants

Regional Conference on Sustainable Integrated Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

December 2014, Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt

Acknowledgement

This project has been implemented during the period Dec.

2011- April 2013 by WS Atkins, HCL, and Chemonics Egypt

Consultants within the Mediterranean Hot Spot

Investment Programme, Horizon2020 and financed by

European Investment Bank, EIB.

The planning process in this study has followed the National Rural Sanitation Strategy, HCWW, published 2008

Structure of the Presentation

A. Project area, overview.

B. Planning of rural sanitation in the project area .

C. Results of planning stage.

Planning of Rural Sanitation Projects

Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate Case Study

Part A Project Area Overview: Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Rural Sanitation Situation

Item 2006

census 2012

Total Area, km2 3748

Population 2,622,705 3,021,621

No. of Cities 10 10

No. of

Local Units 55 78

No. of

Mother Villages 208 216

Total Number of

Rural

Communities

2501 ?

General characteristics

Part A: Project Area, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate

Population,

Capita

Rural Communities

No. % Population %

More Than 10,000 24 0.96 370,686 18.36

More Than 8,000 37 1.48 485,148 24.03

More Than 5,000 74 2.96 909,862 35.07

More Than 3,000 149 5.96 997,880 49.43

More Than 2,650 168 6.72 1,051,461 50.30

More Than 1,400 315 12.59 1,323,656 65.57

More Than 1,000 458 18.31 1,493,733 74.00

Less Than 1,000 2043 81.69 524,876 26.00

Total 2501 2,018,609 Source: CAPMAS 2006

Classification of Rural Communities According to Size, Governorate level

Part A: Project Area, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate

Part A: Project Area Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate

On-Going Rural Sanitation projects

%

Served

Population,

2006

No. of

Villages Source of Funding

2.71 54,736 8 NOPWASD, Completed

0.41 8,389 6 GIZ, Completed

11.22 226,508 15 KfW, Completed

8.27 166,874 32 NOPWASD, Under Construction

1.29 26,074 7 ISSIP 1- Phase 1, On-going

4.36 88,000 21 ISSIP 1- Phase 2, Planned

28.26 570,581 86 Totals

WW service coverage after the

completion of all projects = 28.26% Source: CAPMAS 2006

Rural Population = 2,018,609

Phase 1: Collection of available data and design of field work Phase 2: Field work .

Phase 3: Data analysis, clustering optimization studies

Phase 4: Preparation of detailed designs and tender documents (not

included in this presentation)

Part B: Planning of Rural Sanitation in the Project Area

The above methodology has been applied for Five districts (Motobas, Desoq, Alryad, Sedi

Salem, and Burullus).

Phase 1: collection of available data and design of field work

• Stakeholders engagement.

• Team building.

• Collection of available maps and drawings.

• Collection of data available on water and wastewater flows and

composition in the project area.

• Collection of demographic data and main economic activities .

• Analysis of collected data and identification of data gaps..

• Data collection on unit cost data related to wastewater projects.

Part B: Planning of Rural Sanitation in the Project Area

Phase 2: Field survey data collection, intended outputs

Part B:

Intended outputs:

The proposed clustering alternatives are field verified (roads, crossing,

….etc).

Proposed locations for pumping stations and treatment plants are visited

and assessed

Existing pumping and treatment facilities are checked and evaluated.

Pressure measurements for pumping stations are conducted and

analyzed.

Planning of Rural Sanitation in the Project Area

Phase 2: Field work

Part B:

Preparatory work prior to field visits

Formulation of basic engineering team for every district

ready with field data collection forms, GPS devices, and a

digital camera.

Formulation of a specialized team to assess WWTPs and

pump stations.

Formulation of a specialized team on flow and pressure

measurements in WWTPs.

.

Planning of Rural Sanitation in the Project Area

• Define planning criteria.

• Define basis of comparing among alternatives

• Develop clustering alternatives

• Selection of preferred alternative.

Phase 3: Data analysis and clustering optimization studies

Part B: Planning of rural sanitation in the project area

No. Criterion Score

1 Population 30 2 Cost of wastewater service per capita 25 3 Effect of sub-soil water level (visual effect) and vacuum evacuation rate 10 4 Pollution of water bodies (environmental effect) 10

5 Importance of village location with respect to wastewater system (the center of

villages)

10

6 Cooperation of local authorities (land availability for plant construction) 5

7 Type village economic activities (Touristic-Business and industrial-agricultural) 5

8 Possibility of connection to an existing wastewater treatment plant 5

Total 100

Proposed methodology for prioritization of Village selection

1. Population 30 2.Cost of wastewater service per capita 25

Criterion Indication Score Criterion Indication Score

More than or equal 5000 capita 30 Less than 1500 L.E. 25

From 4001 to 5000 capita 25 From 1500 to 2000 L.E. 20



From 1401 to 2000 capita 10 More than 3000 L.E. 5

Less than 1400 5

3. Effect of sub-soil water

(visual effect) and vacuum

evacuation rate

10 4. Adjacent water streams

(environmental effect) 10


Strong 10 Inside the village 10

Medium 5 500 m far or less 5 Weak 2 500 m far or more 2


Illustration of part of the methodology

5. Importance of village location with

respect to wastewater system 10

6. Cooperation of local authorities (land

availability for plant construction) 5


Serving more than or equal to 15,000 capita 10 State property land 5

From 10,000 to 15,000 capita 8 Buying land in good site location (donation) 3

From 8,000 to 10,000 capita 6 Buying land in bad location 0

From 5,000 to 8,000 capita 4

Less than 5,000 capita 2

7. Type of village economic activities

(Touristic-Business and industrial-

agricultural)

5 8. Possibility of connection to an existing

wastewater treatment plant 5


Touristic 5 Existing and sufficient treatment plant 5

Industrial or Business 3 Existing with expansions treatment plant 3

Agricultural 2 Not available 0

A relative evaluation system will be used for calculation of group weight or at cluster level according to the following formula:

n

i t

iiGroup

p

pwW

1

*

Where:

Wgroup/ array final accumulated weight of group or cluster

Wi weight of village number i

Pi population of village number I, capita

Pt total population of villages in group or cluster, capita

Selection Criteria for Village and Classification


• Data collection forms (Cluster level for field review).

• Guideline for field visit protocols.

• Explanatory note template.

• Guideline for finalization/ confirmation & optimized clusters.

• Current sewerage condition data collection forms.

• WWTP data collection forms

• Guideline for the Assessment of wastewater infrastructure needs in cluster

level.

• Forms for reporting meeting and interview with principle stakeholders.

• Guidelines for field of survey using GPS.

Field Work Set of Tools


Part C Study Results

Sedi Salem District

Motobes District

Part C: Results Number of villages as found during field visits

compared to 2006 census data

District Number of Local

Units Number of Mother Village

Census Actual* Census Actual*

Sedi Salem 6 15 26 31

Motobas 4 4 17 17

Burullus 3 6 10 10

Alryad 3 13 17 19

Desoq 10 11 34 35

Total 26 49 104 112

* Changes in period 2006- 2012

Surveyed Villages and WWPs within the Project Area

No. District Local administration

Units

Total

Villages WWTP Pumping Station

1 Burullus 6 31 2 4

2 Desoq 11 42 4 10

3 Sidi Salem 15 75 2 5

4 Motobas 4 31 1 3

5 Alryad 13 19 2 6

Total 49 198 11 28

Part C: Results

Classification of Rural Communities according to its size in the Project Area

Part C: Results

District

Name Year

Population, capita

More

Than

10,000

More

Than

8,000

More

Than

5,000

More

Than

2,650

More

Than

1,400

More

Than

1,000

Less

Than

1,000

Total

Sedi Salem 2006 2 2 7 18 47 74 394 468

2006 Modified 2 2 8 20 56 77 392 469

Motobas 2006 3 4 7 18 33 48 212 260

2006 Modified 3 4 7 19 35 55 205 260

Burullus 2006 1 1 5 13 28 32 55 87

2006 Modified 1 1 5 13 25 28 59 87

Alryad 2006 0 0 1 9 19 27 230 257

2006 Modified 0 0 1 9 20 29 228 257

Desoq 2006 8 10 15 25 42 53 259 312

2006 Modified 8 10 15 26 43 55 257 312

Cluster Definition

22

It is the Geographic Rural Sanitation Planning Unit (GRSPU) with defined communities to be served by centralized and decentralized systems.

(Cluster)منطقة الخدمة

The definition of the GRSPU boundaries is an optimization process

23

The sub-cluster Level (an array of villages)

It is part of the cluster. The array connects a series of villages, satellites and finally connect to the cluster WWTP by only one force main. The array can be used in prioritization on sub-cluster level in case of a limited available funds for all cluster projects.

Schematic Diagram of Villages of Arrays on Sub-cluster Level

Array B Array A

Collection

Primary Pumping

Inter-connecting

force main

Main Pumping Stations

Main Pumping

Force mains

WWTP

(E or N)

Sludge Mangt.

Agriculture Drain System

Effluent Disposal

WWTP

Sludge Reuse

Evacuation Trucks

Evacuation

Trucks

Pumping Sub-station

V1

V2

V1

V2

EZ1

EZ2

EZ1

EZ2

1st Alternative 2nd Alternative

3rd Alternative

7 Clusters

4 Clusters

4 Clusters

Cluster No. 1


3rd Alternative


3rd Alternative

Cluster No. 2

Main Features of the Three Sanitation Planning Alternatives Clusters

District Item 1

st

Alternative

2nd

Alternative

3rd

Alternative

Motobas

No of sanitation service areas (clusters( 7 4 4

Population with no sanitation service (2012( 141,721 135,428 135,428

Population to be served through centralized sewerage 129,396 119,246 119,246

Area of villages to be served with centralized sewerage

(feddan) 1,139 1,043 1,043

No of villages with sewerage service existing or under

constructions 3 3 3

No of villages to be served with sewerage networks

(population ≥ 1,400 capita in 2006) 28 25 25

No of villages to be served with sewerage networks

(population ≤ 1,400 capita) 5 2 2

No of villages to be served with on-site sanitation

systems 4 12 12

Total length of force mains (km) 54 56 51

Total length of gravity sewers (km) 287 263 263

No of wastewater treatment plants to be expanded in

capacity 1 1 1

No of proposed new wastewater treatment plants 6 1 1

Total cost of sewerage excluding wastewater treatment

plants (million L.E.) 198 195 188

Total cost of wastewater treatment plants (million L.E.) 276 101 101

Total cost of sewerage including wastewater treatment

plants (million L.E.) 474 296 290

Total cost further including WWTP land acquisition cost

(million L.E.) 484 299 292

Average sewerage service cost (L.E.)* 3,740 2,507 2,448

Average sewerage service cost per feddan (L.E.)** 425 287 280

Assessment of Existing WWTPs in Project Area

Assessment of Existing WWTP in Project Area

عام 2022عام 2012بدء من

عام 2012 بدء من

عام 2022منية المرشد

مدينة مطوبس

سنهور المدينةشباس الشهداء

170006800شباس الملحمصرف نمرة 10قنوات أكسدة Oxidation Ditches 5,000 5,000 4,843 4,128 1,908 2,500شباس الملح3

10,000 10,000 6,089 5,253 908 10,000العجوزين4قنوات أكسدة

Oxidation Ditches/كروجر22600العجوزينمصرف الفرخة

64600مدينة دسوقمصرف الحجرحمأة منشطة تقليدية 40,000 40,000 27,001 22,980 - 40,000دسوق5

15,000 10,000 10,387 8,378 5,208 10,000بلطيم6قنوات أكسدة

Oxidation Ditches/كروجر22100مدينة بلطيممصرف ناصر

173003600البرج )2 محطة رفع(بحيرة البرلسقنوات أكسدة Oxidation Ditches 15,000 10,000 11,221 9,372 1,438 4,800البرج7

150002913683181861500015000الرياض8قنوات أكسدة

Oxidation Ditches/كروجر22300مدينة الرياض + 5 قريمصرف ابو خشب

125002500الحفصةمصرف مخيزنبرك أكسدة مهواه 1,250 1,250 1,003 857 507 444الحصفة9

15,000 15,000 15,146 9,977 5,012 10,000سيدي سالم 10قنوات أكسدة

Oxidation Ditches/كروجر24500مدينة سيدي سالم مصرف نشرت

ابو غنيمةمستقبال )القصابي(

7700

المساحة المتاحة للتوسعات

22000

230006000 5,700

1,578

سعة محطات المعالجة المقترحة - السعة الفعلية المقاسة

عام 2012

28,000

10,000

115,000

17310

6,836 7,404 مصرف سنهور

الشرقي

محطة المعالجةالمركزم

سنهور المدينةوشباس الشهداء

دسوق

10,000مطوبسمطوبس

المساحة الكليةم2

مناطق الخدمة المصرف

مصرف خليج القن 11,118 13,643

البرلس

مصرف فهمي Oxidation Ditches قنوات أكسدة 11 9,266 9,653 12,000أبو غنيمة 1,250

سيدي سالم

التكنولوجيا المستخدمة

Oxidation Ditches قنوات أكسدة 5,713

قنوات أكسدة Oxidation Ditches/كروجر

15,000

8,000

السعةالتصميمية

تصرف المشروعات المقترح تنفيذها

13,115

الرياض

Pressure Measurements in Balteem force mains WWTP

Pre

ssu

re, m

.

Time

Masurment Head for Pump at Balteem Pumping Station No. (1)

22-23 Jan 2012

Pump name Plate

Pressure Logger

General Comparison

Classification Master Plan Proposal Optimized Clusters (Horizon 2020)

Item Total

Clusters

Exist.

WWTP

Proposed

WWTP

Total

Clusters

Exist.

WWTP

Proposed

WWTP

Desoq 6 4 2 5 4 1

Alryad 3 2 1 3 2

Burullus 6 2 4 4 2 1

Motobes 7 1 6 3 1 1

Sedi Salem 6 2 4 3 2 1

Total 28 11 17 18 11 4

Review and Optimization of Clustering Approach

Final Evaluation of Clusters

Population % > 1400 < 1400 Population % Population %

M.03.1 71,5 20 79,622 1,964 79,622 33

M.03.2 78,4 7 17,718 7 39,621 5,286 39,621 16

S. 03.1 3 6,054

Total 30 240,212 17,718 7 125,297 7,250 84,873 119,243 50 0 0

A.03.1 59.44 7 23,837 17 22,148 22,148 16

A.03.2 22 7,731 6 6,171

S. 03.3 4 5,827

Total 11 136,844 31,568 23 27,975 6,171 71,130 0 0 22,148 16

S.03.1 65.14 16 28,162 8 36,014 36,014 10

S.03.2 63.07 26 8,333 2 59,357 59,357 17

S.03.3 65.64 28 80,877 6,050 80,877 23

Total 70 353,901 36,495 10 176,248 6,050 135,098 116,891 33 59,357 17

B.03.1 85,65 8 25,397 25,397 17

B.03.2 69 7 15,151 15,151 10

B.03.3 71 12 64,314 42 19,044 19,044 13

Total 27 151,727 64,314 42 59,592 0 20,686 59,592 39 0 0

D.02.1 67,6 5 35,871 10 26,954 26,954 7

D.02.2 72,17 4 21,013 6 15,408 15,408 4

D.02.3 56,29 3 61,758 17 6,768 6,768 2

D.02.4 64,3 13 38,266 38,266 10

D.02.5 77,76 15 83,166 83,166 22

Total 40 372,561 118,642 32 170,562 0 83,325 125,528 34 45,034 12

178 1,255,245 268,737 21 559,674 19,471 407,342 421,254 34 126,539 10* Served, Study Phase or Construction Phase Rural Population = 2,018,609Service on Governorate level, Rural areaExisting Service 28.26 Class A 20.87 Class B 6.27 Total 55.40

Total Population,

2012

(Cluster -Class A)Served Population*

240,212 84,873

71,130136,844

Desouq

Sewerage

Collection

Evacuation Trucks Collection

Sedi Salem353,901

Burullus

135,098

20,686

No. of

Villages

83,325

Proposed Project for Collection & Treatment Total Population,

2012

(Cluster - Class B)

151,727

372,561

Motobas

District Cluster

Alryad

Total Population,

2012

Capita

Cluster

Grade

%

Grand Total

Final selection of Clusters.docx

Summary of our Planning Approach

Step1: Study of geography and demography of all villages: with

the District boundary

Step2: Intensive field surveys: Demography, Geography,

Roads, Water bodies, Existing Collection Systems,

Existing Treatment, measurements, and Review of the

base Alternative.

Step3: Synthesis of Alternative Plans (Min. Two): Cluster

boundaries, Arrays within each cluster.

Step4: Conceptual design of rural sanitation Management

Alternatives in each cluster.

Step5: Preliminary Cost estimation of all Alternatives in each

Cluster.

Step6: Selection of the recommended Alternative Clusters

Step7: Prioritization of Clusters based on village and array

related criteria.

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