RegionalEngagementWorkshopSummaryReport:

NorthwestRegion

TableofContents

Introduction...........................................................................................................................2

WorkshopStructure...............................................................................................................2

TheNorthwestRegionalEngagementWorkshop....................................................................2Authors,Locations,andStaff............................................................................................................3OverviewandTopicsofDiscussion...................................................................................................3KeyTakeaways.................................................................................................................................4

WaterResources..................................................................................................................................4Agriculture&RuralIssues....................................................................................................................5Forests&NaturalResources................................................................................................................5HumanDimensions..............................................................................................................................5BuiltEnvironment................................................................................................................................5AdditionalTopics..................................................................................................................................6WesternLowlands................................................................................................................................6Mountains............................................................................................................................................6InlandNorthwest..................................................................................................................................6Oceans&Coasts...................................................................................................................................7

Results...................................................................................................................................7

AbouttheNCA.......................................................................................................................7

AppendixA:WorkshopAgendas............................................................................................8

AppendixB:ListofNorthwestRegionalChapterAuthors......................................................13

AppendixC:DetailedStakeholderFeedbackonFocalAreaIssues(PortlandWorkshop)........14

AppendixD:DetailedStakeholderFeedbackonFocalAreaIssues(BoiseWorkshop).............22

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IntroductionTheFourthNationalClimateAssessment(NCA4),currentlyindevelopment,willassessthescienceofclimatechangeanditsimpactsacrosstheUnitedStates.Itwilldocumentclimatechange-relatedimpactsandresponsesforvarioussectorsandregions,withthegoalofbetterinformingpublicandprivatedecision-makingatalllevels.

Toensurethattheassessmentisinformedbyandusefultostakeholders,engagementworkshopswereplannedforeachofthe10NCA4regions.Theseworkshopsprovidedstakeholdersanopportunitytoprovideinputtoandexchangeideaswiththechapterauthorteamonkeymessageformulation,sharerelevantresources,andgivefeedbackonissuesofimportancetotheirregion.

WorkshopStructureInanefforttomaximizeparticipationwhileeasingtravelburden,organizersemployeda‘HubandSatellite’modelformostNCA4RegionalEngagementWorkshops.Ahub—orprimarylocation—hostedstakeholders,thechapterauthorteam,andNCA4stafffromtheU.S.GlobalChangeResearchProgram(USGCRP).Satellitelocationsthroughouttheregionestablishedremoteconnectionstothehubforplenarypresentationsanddiscussion.Satelliteswereencouragedtoholdbreak-outsessionsonregionalconcernsandproposedtopicsforNCA4,reportingtheirdiscussionstothehubatapre-determinedtime.

TheNorthwestRegionalEngagementWorkshopTheNCA4NorthwestchapterteamhelditsRegionalEngagementWorkshopsonMarch21&23,2017.TheobjectiveoftheworkshopwastogatherinputfromadiversearrayofstakeholdersthroughouttheNorthwesttohelpinformthewritinganddevelopmentofNCA4,andtoraiseawarenessoftheprocessandtimelineforNCA4.

Ratherthanthehub-and-satellitemodelusedbyotherregionalengagementworkshops,theNorthwestchapterheldtwoworkshops,oneinPortland,ORandoneinBoise,ID.ParticipantsweregiventheopportunitytojoinvirtuallyforthePortlandevent.

Figure1.MapoftheREWhublocations:Portland,ORandBoise,ID.

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Authors,Locations,andStaffAuthors HubHosts• CharlieLuce,USDA–ForestService(CoordinatingLeadAuthor)

• KrisMay,SilvestrumClimateAssociates(ChapterLead)• PhilMote,OregonStateUniversity• GabrielleRoesch-McNally,USForestService• JoeCasola,UniversityofWashington• EmilyYork,OregonHealthAuthority• ScottLowe,BoiseStUniversity• GaryMorishima,QuinaultNation• JenniferCuhaciyan,USBureauofReclamation• MikeChang,MakahTribe• MeghanDalton,OregonStateUniversity• SaschaPeterson,AdaptationInternational

• WorldForestryCenter(Portland,OR)

• BoiseStateUniversity(Boise,ID)

USGCRPStaff• DavidReidmiller• ChrisAvery• SusanAragon-Long

OverviewandTopicsofDiscussionThetwoworkshops(inPortland,ORandBoise,ID)followedsimilaragendas,withonlyminordifferencesbasedontheinterestsoftheanticipatedattendees.DavidReidmiller,DirectoroftheNationalClimateAssessment,openedtheworkshopwithawelcometoallparticipants,andanintroductionofallchapterauthorsandUSGCRPstaffwhowerepresent.ReidmillerwentongiveanoverviewoftheNCA,providingcontextandexplainingthegoalsoftheworkshop.PhilipMote,authorfortheNorthwestchapter,thenledadiscussionontheNorthwestchapteritself.AdditionaldetailontheNorthwestchapterfromNCA3(2014)waspresented,withspecificdetailprovidedonthekeymessagesfromthatreport.SeveralNorthwestChapterauthorsthenpresentedonthechapter’sframingofissuesthroughageographicalregionallens.TheseregionsarebroadlymappedinFigure2.

• KrisMayspokeaboutcoastalissues,includingincreasingerosionandflooding,andwarmeroceanwaters,withallthepollutionandacidificationthatentails.

• GabrielleRoesch-McNallyspokeabouttheinlandNorthwest,withanemphasisonchallengesandthreatstoagricultureandranching.

• JenniferCuhaciyanspokeaboutchangesinsnowandwatersuppliesinthemountains,pointingoutrisingtemperatureswereresultinginlesssnow,whichhasactedasanaturalwatersupply“reservoir,”andallof

Figure2.MapoftheNorthwestregionalareas:coastalland,thedenselypopulatedwesternlowlands,mountains,andtheinlandlowlands.

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thesubsequentecosystemimpactsthatwereoccurringasaresult.• JoeCasolaspokeaboutthewesternlowlands,highlightinghowwarmingandchangesinwater

qualityandquantityarebecomingconcernsfortheurbancentersandtribalcommunitiesinthearea,emphasizingsocietalimpacts.

Inanopenquestionandanswersessiontoendthemorning,stakeholderswereinvitedtoprovidecommenttotheauthorteamandUSGCRPstaffonthereportdevelopmentprocess,aswellasthesubstanceoftheNorthwestchapter.Duringtheafternoon,participantssharedspecificquestions,issues,ideas,resources,andcasestudiesforeachoftheaforementionedfocalareas.Foreachfocalarea,stakeholderswereaskedaspecificseriesofquestionsaroundwhichtostructuretheirresponses:

1. Howisorhowhasclimatechangeaffectedthistopic(i.e.observedchange)?a. Aretherespecificcasestudiesyouwouldsuggesttoillustratethatobservedchange?

2. Howisclimatechangeprojectedtoaffectthistopicinthenext20-30yearsandattheendofthecentury(i.e.projectedchange)?

a. Aretherespecificcasestudiesyouwouldsuggesttoillustratethatprojectedchange?3. Whatchallenges,opportunities,andsuccessstoriesforaddressingriskcanbehighlighted?

a. Aretherespecificcasestudiesyouwouldsuggesttoillustratethosechallenges,opportunities,andsuccessstories?

4. Whataretheemergingissuesand/orresearchgapsonthistopic?a. Aretherespecificcasestudiesyouwouldsuggesttoillustratethoseemerging

challengesorresearchgaps?Stakeholderswerealsogiventheopportunitytosharethoughtsonareasthatwerenotcoveredbythepreviously-identifiedfocalareas.KeyTakeawaysStakeholdersidentifiedareasofopportunityandconcern,casestudies,andrelevantregionalinformationassociatedwitheachofthefocalareas.Thisfeedbackwaslaterdistilledintokeythematictakeawaysforthechapterauthorteam.Thesetakeawaysaresummarizedbelow.WaterResources

• Thereisagreatdealofuncertaintyandvariabilityinthistopic.• Theideaofwhatis‘normal’ischanging.

o Focusonphysicaladaptationandupgradingfacilitieso Waterqualityisapriority,notjustwaterquantity

• Relatedissuesincludetribalissues,northwesthydropower,themigrationcorridor,algalblooms,andfreshwaterconcerns.

• Possiblecasestudytopicsinclude:publichealthproblems;marinetopics;diseaseandpathogens;invasivespecies;sedimentdynamicsonsalmon;intermediatezonesinelevation;impactsofwildfireanddustonsnow;reducedsoilmoistureimpacts;consistencyofsnow;staticcollectionsitesunabletocapturedynamics;glaciersandflooding;floodplaindynamics;andreservoirmanagement.

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Agriculture&RuralIssues• Settingnewbaselinesforwaterrightsallocation,differentprobabilitiesofextremewaterevents

andwhatthatmeansforwaterplanning.• Waterqualitychallenges,shouldbeincluded,notjustawaterquantityissue• Rangelandchallengestendtobeignored

o Challengeswithinvasivespecieso Concernsaboutmanagementandpea,productivityofforage

• Innovativesolutions,suchasforimprovementstosoilhealthanderosionpreventionwaterconservationandretention,andcommunitypartnerships.

• Humanhealthconcerns,includingsocialjusticeissuesandspecificchallengestofarmworkers.• Ruralisolation,compoundedbymoreextremes.

o Upstreamanddownstreameffectsandaccesstoservices• Authorsneedtobethinkinginsystems:

o Economicsandcommunitywell-beingo Food-health-agriculturelink

• EmphasisontheculturalheritageoftheNorthwest,includingranching,farming,andtribalwaysoflife.

• Invasivespeciesarealsoaproblem.Forests&NaturalResources

• Thereisawebofissuesthatwillbechallengingtounknotforthispieceofthechapter.• Aprimarypieceischangesinecology.Thiswillincludespeciesshiftsandinvasivespecies,

movementofthetimberlineandshiftstoranges;andmanagementofchanginglandscapes.• Changesinforestecologyareimpactingwildlife,migratorybirdsandotherspeciesespecially.

Forestdisturbance,insects,andwildfirearealsogrowingproblems.• Thereareconnectionstowaterresourceshere:forestsarevaluabletonaturalsourcewatersand

theirimpactsonthosehydrologies.HumanDimensions

• Issuesconnectedtohumandimensionsneedtobeembeddedineachgeographicalregion.• Prioritiesincludeexpandingideasofwhatsocialsciencemeans;environmentaljusticeand

equity;training;identifyingcommunitiesathighrisk;publicandhumanhealthespeciallyforsmallcommunities;recreation;vectorborne;tribalandindigenousvulnerabilities;andlossoflivelihoodandjobs.

• InNCA3,therewereseveralvideosthatwererelevant,butwerenotembeddedinthefinalreport.TheauthorteamshouldinvestigatewhetherthatcouldbeaddressinNCA4.

• Weneedtofigureouthowtobettercommunicateandadaptoursystemstoworktogether.Thereareanumberofinterconnectedsystemsthataregoingtochangeastheothermoveintoahigherstateofflux.Examplesinclude:water,agriculture,andtourism;pressuresonthehousingmarket;andsocialsafetynetsystems.

BuiltEnvironment

• Aswithmanyothertopics,therearealotofinterconnectedsystemswithinthebuiltenvironment.Someoftheseinclude:health,energy,water,transportation,andvulnerablepopulations.

• Groundwaterquantityandqualityiscritical,bothasdrinkingwaterandforbroaderuse.

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• Flooding,coastalflooding,andsaltwaterintrusionwillalsobeimportant,andhaveeffectsontransportation.

• Inemergingissues,sometopicsoffocusinclude:heatpreparedness,wildfireandotherasthmatriggers,andnewpollensfromnewagriculturepractices.

• Suggestfocusingonpromisingsolutions,suchas:environmentaljusticewithhealthimpactassessments(Metroprojectdiscussedthatcreatedcost-benefit);co-benefitsofactions;nature-basedsolutionsinurbanenvironments;OregonDepartmentofTransportationprojectwheretheycombinedmovingleveethatopenedupspaceforfishandopenedanewroad;andconservationandefficiencycouldincreasetheoffsetofwaterdemand.

AdditionalTopics

• Itiscriticaltohighlighttraditionalknowledge.Someexperiencesoftraditionalcommunitieshaverobustsolutionsthatneedtobeapartofthediscussion.Examplesinclude:clamgardensbeingusedbytheSwinomish,withstressorsaffectingfood,health,andinfrastructure.

• Thinkofhabitatsthroughconnectivitylens;connectionsacrossthelandscapesorwatershedsandindoingsomaintainingfidelityoffunctions,insteadofdoingwellinonespot.

• Increasingintegrationofadaptationforclimateandseismicrisk.• Considerfocusingsomeondisruptingtechnologicalchangeandhowthatmayaffectourability

toadaptorplayout.Wehaveasmooth,linearexpectationofhowthefuturemayunfold,whichmaybeverywrong.Authorsshouldbeexplicitwhentheymakeanassumption.

• Storiesarecriticallyimportant.Authorsmustincludenarrativessoreadershavesomethingtorelateto.

WesternLowlands

• WhattheauthorsrefertoastheWesternLowlandsarereallynevercalledthatbyanyonewholivesthere.Rather,residentsofthisregionhavespecificnamesfortheareasinwhichtheylive(PugetSound,Portlandmetro,andWillametteValleybeingrelevantexamples.)

• Summerof2015broughtahugenumberofeventstothearea:extremeheat,wildfire,smokeevents,harmfulalgalblooms,andincreasedpressureonhealthsystems,withcumulativeeffectsthatcomefrommultiplehazardscomingatthesametime.

• Whatdidtheregionlooklikebeforealltheurbandevelopment?• Awidearrayofprojectedchangesfortheareaaredocumented;authorsshouldmentionthem.

Mountains

• Glaciersaregoodexamplesandcriticalresourcesforthearea.Theyhavescenicvalue,areimportantwaterresources,andmoderateimpactsofheatonstreams.

• Thereareresearchgapsonmountainsnow.Mostoftheactionisintheintermediatezone,whichwillmoveupastemperaturesrise.

• Floraandfaunaarebeingpinchedoutasspeciesmovewithmovinghabitats.InlandNorthwest

• TherearealotofthemesinthisregionthatoverlapwithdiscussionsfromtheAg&Ruralbreakoutgroup;“Rurality”wasatermthatbroughttogethertheuniquenatureandvulnerabilitiesofthearea.

• Landusechallengeswillhavetoweightenvironmentalneedsvsrurallivelihoods.• Limitedresourcesmayforcesomeopportunitiestoleveragepartnerships.

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• Thisareahasuniquevulnerabilities,suchaschangingeconomies,thatmakeitquitedistinctfromitsneighbors.

Oceans&Coasts

• Cross-jurisdictionalissues(suchassealevelriseandoceanacidification)arebigissues.ThesewillrequirecoordinationbetweenWashington,Oregon,andBritishColumbia.

• Coastalissuesaremorethanjustsealevelrise;itiscriticaltoexplainthesciencebehindcompoundingstormsurge,erosion,etc.

• Tourismandeconomiesonthecoastarecritical,anditwillbenecessarytobringthatupthefoodchainasitisexplained.

• Thereareatonofgreatcasestudiesinthisarea.Authorsshouldnotehowthoseexamplesincasestudiesarefunded(federal,state,local).

• Authorsshouldnottalkaboutsealevelrisewithouttalkingaboutseismicriskandtectoniclift.Significantseismicchangecouldmakealltheissuesofsealevelrisegoaway.

• Coastaladaptationisnotsimple.Structuresarenotalwayssolutions.Thewrongadaptationsolutioncouldcausemoredamagethangoodinunintentionalways.

ResultsThefeedbackprovidedduringtheseworkshopsservesasvaluableinputtothedevelopmentofnotonlytheNorthwestchapterofNCA4,butofallchapters.ThissummaryreportisbeingsharedwithallNCA4authorstoinformthedevelopmentoftheirchapters,aswell.ItwillalsobemadepubliclyavailableontheNCA4website(www.globalchange.gov/nca4).Over150stakeholdersthroughouttheNorthwestregionparticipatedinthetwodistinctmeetings,providingauthorswithagreatdealofusefulfeedback–fromconcernstheyface,toresourcestheyuseandspecificcasestudieswherecommunitiesareworkingtoaddresstheriskstheyfaceasaresultofclimatechange.Responsesfrombothauthorsandparticipantsindicatedthattheworkshopwasnotonlypositivelyreceivedinandofitself,butitservedtocultivatenewrelationships,researchideasand,hopefully,futurecollaborationsacrosstheNorthwest.

AbouttheNCATheNationalClimateAssessmentistheU.S.Government’spremierresourceforarticulatingtherisksposedtotheNationbyclimatechange,aswellaswhatisbeingandcanbedonetominimizethoserisks.Itisaninter-agencyeffort,bringingtogetherexpertsfromthe13FederalagenciesofUSGCRP,thebroaderFederalgovernment,aswellashundredsofexpertsintheacademic,non-profit,andprivatesectors.

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AppendixA:WorkshopAgendas

4thNationalClimateAssessment

NorthwestRegionalEngagementWorkshop

Tuesday,March21(Portland,OR)

Objective:TogatherinputfromadiversearrayofstakeholdersthroughouttheNorthwesttoinformtheNorthwest(andrelated)chaptersofNCA4,andtomakethestakeholdercommunityawareoftheprocessandtimelineforthedevelopmentofNCA4.

8:30 Registrationopens9:00 Introductiontoworkshopgoalsandbriefintroductions

DavidReidmiller–Director,NationalClimateAssessment,U.S.GlobalChangeResearchProgram9:15 WhatistheNationalClimateAssessment?

• Mandate,timeline,structure,etc.ofNCA4• Waystogetinvolved(ex.author,technicalcontributor,reviewer,etc.)• Areasofdesiredemphasisfrompubliccomments• MainfindingsfromNorthwestchapterofNCA3,focusedonriskframing• Q&A

DavidReidmiller–Director,NationalClimateAssessment,U.S.GlobalChangeResearchProgram

10:00 BREAK

10:15 PreliminaryAuthorThoughtsonNorthwestChapter• Introducechapterteamofauthors• Presentnotionalchapteroutline,sub-regionalfocus,&draftfindings(KrisMay–

coastal;JoeCasola–lowlands;GabrielleRoesch-McNally–inlandNW;JenCuhacayin–mountains)

PhilipMote–OregonStateUniversityandRegionalChapterLead,NorthwestchapterofNCA4CharlieLuce–USDA-USFSandCoordinatingLeadAuthorofNorthwestchapterofNCA4

10:45 IncorporatingclimatescienceinnaturalresourcesmanagementandplanningKavitaHeynClimateScienceCoordinatorPortlandWaterBureau

11:00 StakeholderPerspectives

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Climatescienceandnaturalresourcemanagementchallenges–TBDApplyingclimatesciencetodecisions-TBD

Opendiscussionforquestionsonprocessorcontent;suggestionsonadditionalareastoaddress(oravoid);suggestionsofresourcestouseorcasestudiestohighlight;etc.

Potentialguidingquestions:Ø Whatarethekeyattributes,assetsandthingsofgreatestvaluetotheNorthwest?Ø Andhowarethosethingsvulnerabletooratriskfromclimatechange?Ø Arethereresources(reports,studies,etc.)orcasestudiesweshouldbeawareof?Ø HowhaveyouusedNCA3inyourowndecisionmakingandhowcanNCA4beuseful?to

you?

11:45 ChargeforBreak-outGroupsDavidReidmiller–Director,NationalClimateAssessment,U.S.GlobalChangeResearchProgramBreakoutsessionsAandBwillcoverthesetopicsfor40minuteseach.Participantsmayselectanybreakoutgroup,andeitherstayduringbothsessions,orrotatetoadifferentbreakoutgroup.TOPIC FACILITATORS&NOTETAKERS1. WaterResources ScottLowe(BoiseStateUniversity)&Jennifer

Cuhaciyan(DOI-USBR)2. Agriculture&RuralIssues GabrielleRoesch-McNally(USFS)&David

Reidmiller(USGCRP)3. Forests&NaturalResources CharlieLuce(USDA-USFS)&SusanAragon-

Long(USGCRP)4. HumanDimensions EmilyYork(OregonHealthAuthority)&Mike

Chang(MakahTribe)5. BuiltEnvironment&Urban

IssuesSaschaPetersen(AdaptationInternational)&ChrisAvery(USGCRP)

6. AdditionalTopics,e.g.,transboundary

JoeCasola(UniversityWashington)&MeghanDalton(OregonStateUniversity)

• Introduceyourself(affiliation,areaofexpertise)andanyroleinpreviousNCAs• Forthegiventopic:

o Howisorhasclimatechangeaffectedthistopic(i.e.,observedchange)?o Howisclimatechangeprojectedtoaffectthistopicinthenext20-30yearsandatthe

endofthecentury(i.e.,projectedchange)?o Whatchallenges,opportunitiesandsuccessstoriesforaddressingriskcanbe

highlighted?o Whataretheemergingissuesand/orresearchgapsonthistopic?o Otherissues/specificcasestudiestohighlight?

ForbreakoutsessionC,discussionswillbeorganizedbygeographicinterest.Participantsmayselectanysession.Geographicinterest FACILITATORS&NOTETAKERS1. Oceans&Coasts KrisMay&GaryMorishima

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2. Westernlowlands JoeCasola&EmilyYork

3. Mountains JenniferCuhaciyanandCharlieLuce

4. InlandNorthwest GabrielleRoesch-McNally

12:00 Participantsself-servelunch

12:15 WORKINGLUNCHBreak-outSessionA(Topics)

12:50 Break-outSessionB(Topics)

1:30 Break-outSessionC(Geographies)

2:10 BREAK

2:25 WaterResourcesRead-out2:35 Agriculture&RuralIssuesRead-out2:45 Forests&NaturalResourcesRead-out2:55 HumanDimensionsRead-out3:05 BuiltEnvironment&UrbanIssuesRead-out3:15 AdditionalIdeasRead-out3:25 Oceans&CoastsRead-out3:35 WesternlowlandsRead-out3:45 Mountainsread-out3:55 InlandNWRead-out4:05 Wrap-up&NextSteps

4:30 ADJOURN

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4thNationalClimateAssessment

NorthwestRegionalEngagementWorkshop

Thursday,March23(Boise,ID)

BoiseStateUniversity

SkaggsHall(Room#1301),MicronBusinessandEconomicsBuilding

(atthecornerofCapitolAve.andUniversityAvenue)

Parkingisavailableoncampus,intheBradyStreetGarage,nearSkaggsHall

Objective:TogatherinputfromadiversearrayofstakeholdersthroughouttheregiontoinformtheNorthwest(andrelated)chapter(s)ofNCA4,andtoinformthecommunityoftheprocessandtimelineforthedevelopmentofNCA4.

8:30 Registrationopens

9:00 IntroductiontoworkshopgoalsandbriefintroductionsDavidReidmiller–Director,NationalClimateAssessment,U.S.GlobalChangeResearchProgram(USGCRP)

9:15 WhatistheNationalClimateAssessment?• Mandate,timeline,structure,etc.ofNCA4• MainfindingsfromNorthwestchapterofNCA3,focusedonriskframing• Areasofdesiredemphasisfrompubliccomments• Waystostayinvolved• Q&A

DavidReidmiller–Director,NationalClimateAssessment,USGCRP9:45 PreliminaryAuthorThoughtsonNorthwestChapter

• Introducechapterteamofauthors(photosforthosenotpresent)(CharlesLuce–USDA-USFSandCoordinatingLeadAuthorofNCA4Northwestchapter)

• Presentnotionalchapteroutline,sub-regionalfocus,&draftfindingsforInlandNW(ScottLowe–InlandNW;JenCuhacayin–Mountains;CharlieLuce–Coasts&Oceans;WesternLowlands)

10:15 BREAK

10:30 StakeholderPerspectives

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Opendiscussionforquestionsonprocessorcontent;suggestionsonadditionalareastoaddress(oravoid);suggestionsofresourcestouseorcasestudiestohighlight;etc.

Potentialguidingquestions:Ø Whatarethekeyattributes,assetsandthingsofgreatestvaluetothe

Northwest?Ø Andhowarethosethingsvulnerabletooratriskfromclimatechange?Ø Arethereresources(reports,studies,etc.)orcasestudiesweshouldbeawareof?Ø HowhaveyouusedNCA3inyourowndecisionmakingandhowcanNCA4be

useful?toyou?11:00 RotatingTopicalSessions

DavidReidmiller–Director,NationalClimateAssessment,USGCRPThefollowingtopicalissueswillbeaddressedchronologicallyusingtheguidingquestionsbelow(whichmirrorthechaptertemplate)TOPIC FACILITATORS&NOTETAKERS

1. WaterResources JenniferCuhaciyan(DOI-USBR)2. Agriculture&RuralIssues ScottLowe(BoiseStUniv)3. Forests&NaturalResources CharlieLuce(USDA-USFS)4. HumanDimensions DavidReidmiller(USGCRP)5. Additionalideas SusanAragon-Long(USGCRP)

• Introduceyourself(affiliation,areaofexpertise)andanyroleinpreviousNCAs• Forthegiventopic:

o Aretherenewinsightsaboutobservedchangesthatshouldbehighlighted?o Whichprojectedchangesareimportantforthistopicinthenext20-30years

andattheendofthecentury(i.e.,projectedchange)?o Whatchallenges,opportunitiesandsuccessstoriesforaddressingriskcanbe

highlighted?o Whataretheemergingissuesand/orresearchgapsonthistopic?o Otherissues/specificcasestudiestohighlight?

11:15 WaterResources

12:45 WORKINGLUNCHParticipantsself-servelunch

1:00 Agriculture&RuralIssues1:30 Forests&NaturalResources2:00 HumanDimensions2:30 AdditionalIdeas

3:00 Wrap-up&NextSteps3:15 ADJOURN

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AppendixB:ListofNorthwestRegionalChapterAuthorsCoordinatingLeadAuthor:CharlieLuce,UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture–ForestServiceChapterLead:KrisMay,SilvestrumClimateAssociatesAuthors:

• GabrielleRoesch-McNally,USForestServiceo Expertise:InlandNorthwest,agriculture

• JoeCasola,ClimateImpactsGroup,UniversityofWashingtono Expertise:westernlowlands;science;impactsassessment;adaptationplanning

• EmilyYork,OregonHealthAuthorityo Expertise:health,airquality

• ScottLowe,BoiseStUniversityo Expertise:agriculture,water,economics

• PhilMote,OregonStateUniversityo Expertise:climateimpactsintheNorthwest;science

• GaryMorishima,QuinaultNationo Expertise:tribal,coastal

• JenniferCuhaciyan,USBureauofReclamationo Expertise:waterresources

• MikeChang,MakahTribeo Expertise:tribal;oceans;adaptation;socialscience

• MeghanDalton,OregonStateUniversityo Expertise:humanhealth,tribal

• SaschaPeterson,AdaptationInternationalo Expertise:adaptation,resilience

USGCRPstaff:• DavidReidmiller,NCADirector• ChrisAvery,SeniorNCAManager• SusanAragon-Long,NCASeniorScientist

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AppendixC:DetailedStakeholderFeedbackonFocalAreaIssues(PortlandWorkshop)Agriculture&RuralIssues$20Mclimatechangeresearchproject(WSU,OSUandUniversityIdaho)Smallacreagelandowners–droughtmitigation/landwithoutwatersrightsHowisorhasclimatechangeaffectedthistopic(i.e.,observedchange)?

• Qualitativeandhumandimensionsofclimatescience–observedexperienceofchangeonthelandscapeispartofthebroaderpicturethatweneedtofocuson

• Onthewaterrightssideofthings(Westernwaterrights)inStateofOregon,thequantityofandtimingofwateravailabletopermitforuseisanissue.Determinedby30-yearperiod(1958-1987)chosenbecauseitwas“representative”andsufficientlylongwherehydrologywas.Notallstreamsweregauged,thatpatternwastakenandscaledtootherriversandstreamsthatwerenotgauged.Waterrightpermitsweregivendeterminedonthat.

• Anotheraspectofwaterissuestoconsiderisirrigationsystems.Youcan’tputwateronyourcropsuntilbeginningoftheseasonandcan’tputitonaftertheendoftheseason.Butit’salengthyprocess–needtoknowayearinadvance.

• We’reseeingthismoreandmore–2016(moreprecipitationassnow,butitwarmedupandmeltedquickly).Otherstatesarerecognizingthisasaproblem.ColoradoRISAofficeputoutareportin2009–areyouseeingthisissue,howareyoudealingwithit?Electawatermastertobelenientandhopeitdoesn’tharmanyone?

• Nevada–acouplecountriesaretestingakindofmovingfromprobabilistictodealingwithwhatyouhave.ThisiswhatAustraliahasbeendoing.Someareinterestedinupdatingthatreportandlearningfromotherstates.Howdowegetabettersenseofwhatvariabilityisnow?

• Temperaturechanges;abetterhandleonprecipitationchanges(seasonalshifts)–precipitationshiftingoutsidegoingseasonsfromspringtowinter–wouldbeuseful.

• Investingresourcesintoagritourism–i.e.,“you-pickberryfields”.Peoplearewonderingaboutthat.Alotofthemarehomogenouscrops–theymakealltheirmoneyin2monthsandareconcernedabouthowclimatechangesmayimpacttheirlivelihoods.

• Indoorproductstoprotectthemselvesagainstunknowns.Cannabis–agricultureandsecurityreasons–ourconcernisthepowersideofit;indooragisalotmoreenergy-intensive.

• Samethingformintandotherhigh-valueproductsthatpeoplewanttobuylocally• Irrigationdistrict;amountofwaterlossthatcoincideswithirrigationdistricts;there’salotof

roomtoimproveourcommunication;Climatechangeandwaterconservation• In-regionconflict?Notsomuchofaproblembecausewaterrightiswaterright,butpeopleare

startingtorealizethatit’sbecomeamorefiniteresource.• We’reneedingtodigwellsdeeperanddeeper;whatmakesitworseisthatsnowmeltisrunning

intoPacific,sothey’retryingtocapturetherunoffandrechargetheaquifers• Aquifersarerunningdryinsummerandneedingtotruckinwater.Thiscanhavehealtheffects

inag-centricindustries.Affectnotjustphysical,butalsomentalhealth–ifyou’rerelyingonwatertochoosebetweengivingwatertolivestockorirrigatingcrops.Thiscancauseeffectsinthewholecommunity

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• Thereareopportunitieswiththis,too.Capturingtherun-offwhenit’savailable;buildingsurfacestorageisexpensive.Interfaceofurbanandwater.

Howisclimatechangeprojectedtoaffectthistopicinthenext20-30yearsandattheendofthecentury(i.e.,projectedchange)?

• Canstorewaterinsoil;soilhealthandqualitywork–lookingatstrategiesforutilizingmoisturefromwinterforsummeruse.There’sanopportunity(AndrewMillicinatOSUismakinganonlinemoduleaboutdrought-proofingyourfarm)

• StephenMachado(OSU)isworkingonenvironmentalhealthmodule• Increasingorganicmaterial-Mappingoutwherethosesoilsare;conservemoisturefor

summeruse.• 1%increaseinsoilorganiccontentàincreasein2000-5000gallons.WheatfieldonORhave

lostsoilorganicmatter.BuildingoutsomeofthatsoilOrganicContent–covercrops,biochar–insteadofburningandreleasingintoatmosphere,charandputinground

• LinkinggeographiestogetherinNCA4–cross-regionalissuesandsolutionsshouldbepulledintothechapterwhereverpossible

• Increaseinpesticides,herbicidesandfertilizers–howisthatgoingtoaffectthehealthoffarmworkers,farmownersandwaterquality

• Usinggoats(orotheralternatives)insteadofchemicals;Firstfoods• 8tribesdorangelandmgmt.inNW;someconcernsincludeoldtroughsthatusedtofilloutand

bonedry.Howtobringwatertolivestockoutthere.Seasonofuseisshortened;movinganimalsmoreorsendingoutwater(e.g.,drillingoruseexistingsprings;usingsolarpanelstodrilldown),butyoustarttohaveimpactsonaquifersforthefish.

• Whenyoupullwaterfromoneresource,youimpactanother• Viabilityoffarmingasalivelihood• Howdoyouwateryourcows?

Whatchallenges,opportunitiesandsuccessstoriesforaddressingriskcanbehighlighted?

• Don’tgetverymuchfundstoimplementalotofthesebestpractices–developingalternatewateringpoints,watercrossings;breakingpasturesupwfences(noonelikesfences)

• Workingwithcommunities–farmersandfishermen;howdoyoumakeeveryonehappy• Manyfarmersaresellingoutbecausetheycan’tafforditanymore.• Spokanetribenotevenissuinggrazingpermitsthepasttwoyears• Yakimahave10,000-15,000horsesrunningfreeonrangelandswhichimpactswhatisavailable.

Howdoweproperlymanagehorsesoutthere(wildvsferal?)• Horsesareveryvaluableculturally,sohavingcommunitiestakeownershipiskey.Theyhold

prideandvaluewhatthey’redoingonthegroundalittlemore• Fundsavailableforadaptingfarmstomoreclimate-friendlypractices• Utilizingverticalagandgreenhouseswithpinklights–actionsthataremoreresilienttoclimate

change;tryingtofindahappymediumbetweentraditionalandmodernagriculture• Rural-wildlandinterfaceandincreasingeffectsofwildfiresandimpactsonpublichealthsystem.

Allpartsofgovernmentneedtomobilizetoaddresstheacuteimpacts

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• Wouldbeinterestingifthereareanycasestudiesaboutanecosystemandcommunityaffectedbyawildfire20,10,5,1yearagoandhowtheecosystem,community,governmenthaveallevolved,responded,adapted,builtresilience,etc.

• Welookatthingsinisolation;livestockrunningallovertheplaceàlanddegradation• Waterquality–increasingintensityofwaterevents;25-yr,24-hrevent.Livestockgrowersare

noticingthattheirsystemsarefailingmoreoften.Nutrient-ladenwaterisbeingdischarged• Also,weneedtobecognizantofthedesignstandardsnotjustforagivenstorm,butalso

atmosphericrivers;magnitudeofanyoneeventmaynotbeinexceedance,butinsuchrapidsequence,cancausefailureofsystems

• Anotherfarmerdownstreamcanbeimpactedbytheinabilityofupstreamfarmertomanagethoseimpacts

• Clogupofdripsystemsfromunicellularalgae;inMalheurBasin-withallrestrictions,they’renotabletoknockthemout–issueofrainstormintensityandwhatitcarriesandwhereitgoesdownstreamfromthere(reservoirsonColumbiaRiversystemareaccumulatingthisstuffandwe’reseeingtoxicalgalblooms–aretheybuildingup?)

• Forestfires–alotoffocusonmunicipalwatersupply;landslides• Samecanholdtrueforirrigationreservoirs;tryingtostabilizesoilsandfindalternativemeansto

managingpestsWhataretheemergingissuesand/orresearchgapsonthistopic?

• Impactonfarmworkers–whatareconsequences?(literatureishardtocomeby)• Researchstudyonmigrantfarmworkers

Waterqualityvs/andquantity

• Howisasingulareventaffectingthewholecommunity?Atlocallevel–especiallyatruralareas,workissosiloed.Onereasonforthatislackofresources.Onethingthatcanbebeneficialatlocallevel–multi-disciplinaryteams.Onepatientwhohashostofdiseasesorconditions.Differentspecialistscometogethertomeetanddevelopcomprehensiveplanforindividual.It’sabigopportunityandchallengehowtoorganizethatandmakeitworkinruralcommunities,inparticular

• Howcanpublichealthintersectwithpublicfoodsystemàactionplan;it’djustbecomepartofhealthsystem

• We’rebeginningtotalkaboutsocialdeterminantsofhealth(e.g.,equity),butalsoenvironmentaldeterminantsofhealth–bridgingthatgap

• Food-health-agricultureconnectionismissingtodate• Systemsthinking?• Infinalanalysis(i.e.,solutions),needstobesite-specific;istheremorewaterforwheat,butless

waterforsomethingelse?DifferentpartsofPacificNorthwestwillbeaffecteddifferently.• Ifusedasaplanningdocument,amodelweuseinpublichealthisabasicsocial-ecological

model,wherepeoplecanintervene.• WillamettevseasternOregon–attributesandsolutionswillbedifferent• WillametteValley–urban-aginterfaceisclose,sowaterissuesaremoretightly-coupled

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• Community-supportedagriculture,farmersmarkets;(protectagriculturallandsviazoningOtherissues/specificcasestudiestohighlight?

• NonewerediscussedHumanDimensions

• WhoreadstheNCA4?Whodowehopereadsit?Whatarethederivativeproducts?• Thereisutilityforlocalgovernments–canconsiderNCA3thebackstop• Weneedtoincludestories,narratives,tribalinput.HowdowewanttheNCA4toevolvefrom

theNCA3?• NCA3wasweb-based,moreinteractive–thiswasgood.Therewerealotofvideosrelatedto

theNCA3,althoughtheyweren’tasviewedbecauseyouhadtogotoaseparateVimeochanneltowatch.Isthereawaytoembedthevideosnexttimesothattheyarenotseparatefromthereport?

• Communicationsoftheinformationisanimportantconsiderationwhenwe’retalkingabouthumandimensions…aretherevisuals…notjustofimpactsobserved,butlooking5yearsout…whatcouldourfuturebe?

• Casestudiesshouldhighlightbestpractices/successstories,notdisasters• Emerginghumandimensionissueismigration,howtoaddress?Thereisnotalotofregional

dataonpopulationprojectionsrelatedtoclimatefactors,butitshouldstillbediscussedsomehow

• HowdowetalkabouttheimportanceofstakeholderengagementwithintheNCA4?Forexample,theLocalEnvironmentalObservation(LEO)NetworkisaphoneAppthatisengagingcommunitymemberstoincrease2-way/participatorycommunicationusingmoderntechnologytobettertrackclimateimpacts.Howcanwehighlighttheimportanceofadvancing“CitizenScience”approaches?

• Elders,lowincomepeoplewithoutairconditioning-heatwavescanbedeadlybecausewearenotacclimatedorprepared,asaregion.

• Needmoresurgecapacityinhospitals/medicalclinics• Heatwavescreatenotjustphysicalhealthrisks,butalsoincreaseaggression/conflict/domestic

violence,etc.• BentonCountyisdoingsomecross-sectorfuturescenarioplanningandbeginningtoassess

financialimpactstovarioussystems• Futurescenariosthatincludedifferentsocio-economicscenarios(notjustdifferent

climate/policyscenarios);bringingtogetherunlikelypartnerstodiscussmultiplestressorsonsystems.

• Displacement/migration,homelessness,climaterefugees,etc.• Airqualityisamajorconcern–notjustwildfiresmoke,butozone,otherPM2.5sources(diesel,

etc.)consideringnon-climatestressorsinteractionwithclimatestressors;wherecanwemovetheneedle/wheredowehavemorecontroltochangedrivers?

• Publichealthhasdata/tools/expertiseforsurveillance/tracking/informingdecision-making–butcurrentlylacksthecapacity/resourcestoreallyusethem.

• Incrediblementalhealthcost–suicide,etc.–needmoresurveillance• PsychologicalFirstAid–notjustcounselors,butcommunityorganizationsneedtobetrainedup

onhowtodealwiththementalhealthimplicationsofcommunity-widedisaster/trauma,etc.• Thereisaneconomiccase(returnoninvestment)forsupportingthesepublichealthfunctions.

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• Thereisaperceptionthatgovernmentispurelyregulativeandnotadaptive.Insomeplacesthisistrue,governmentprogramsaretoorigidandnotcurrentlysupported/directedtobemorenimbleandpro-active.

• Derivativeproductsthatmaybedevelopedoffofthis.Needtothinkoftheaudience.Narrative–peoplelikestories.

• Tribalinputisextremelyimportant.Storytellingandnarrative.• EvolutionofhowNCAhasevolved,the3rdassessmenthasthisinteractivewebinterface–but

lackoflinktovimeochannelsthatistoldbyvariousrepsfromcommunitiesaroundthecountry.Alsoscientistvideosandconsequencesofchange.Howcanyoubuildonthisandre-imaginethis?Morestoriestobeincorporatedintotheassessment.Howtobeembeddedintothereport.Picturesofpeople!

• SameissuesofdevelopingclimateactionplaninBeaverton–themorevisualsthebetterthataremorerelevant.Reframeonplan’soutreachandcommunication.Helpfacilitatethefuturethepeoplewanttosee(i.e.fiveyearsoutratherthan50years).

o “at-a-glance”versionoftheplan.• EmphasizetheutilityoftheNCAforlocalgovernments,wherealotofadaptationandmitigation

hastohappen.NCAisabackstop–takeitupwiththefeds,don’targuewithme.Thingslikethetraceableaccountscanbeuseful.Somethingdifferent–treatingcasestudiesasamethodofbestpractices,andwhatlocalgovernmentsshouldbedoing.(i.e.Chicagochangingtreatmentstrategies,Bostonismovinghospitals).Casestudiesshouldn’tjustbeabouthighlightingincreasedrisk,butbestpracticesatmanagement.

• Migrationasaresearchgap.(Humanmigration?).o Reallyhardtotrackthiso Attributingmovingsomewheretoclimatechangeisahugeproblemo Challengeforwhichdatatouse?Climateimpactsgroup;countyleveldata.

• Engagingwithstakeholders–pointtotheLEOnetworkinAlaska,andexpandingitthelower48.o Localenvironmentalobservationnetwork–startedbyAlaskannativehealth

consortium.o Catalogchangespeoplearesaying,andhowtogethelptothem.o Wanttousetrackingnetworkandtieittodemographics(i.e.non-Englishspeaking,

elderly,etc…)o Expandandidentifyvulnerabilities

• InPortlandthispastwinter,therewerefourdeathsrelatedtoamoreseverewinterofhomelesspeople.

o Lossoflivelihoods,disruptionoflocaleconomy,alreadyreducedhousing,couldinfluencehomelessandlowincomehousingareas

• Challengeandopportunityhastodealwithcommunityresilienceinurbanareas(oreverywhere)–whatamI/wegoingtointhefuturewhenclimatechangeeventshappen

o Forexample,lotsaroundwaterconservationandlesswaterisbeingused(butwaterpriceisgoingup).

o Howdowehelppeoplebecomemoreresilient?Howtogetintouchwithfamily?(interconnectedwiththebuiltenvironment).Urbancommunitiesneedtobemoreinvolvedsinceusually,ruralcommunitiesalreadyhavethesesocialconnections.

• Airqualityissue–wegenerallydon’thaveozoneexceedancesinthePNW,butwithhighertemperatureswemayhavehigherozonelevelsinthefuturewhichwillbeanissue.

• Communitydesign,greenhousegasemissions,andhowdoweaddressthiswithinthisassessment.

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o Cumulativeeffectsofcontributionstoairpollution(i.e.ozone,transportation),andwhathappenswhenyouaddanincreasetothesepathwaysandarethereleversthatareeasiertopullthanothers(i.e.ifcandecreasetransportation,canbufferotherpathways?).

• Changesinvectorbornediseases,acute,andcommutablediseaseso Lifecycleofinsects/vectors.Ifnotcoldenough,theywon’tdieoff.Offspringborn

earlier,longerseasono Opportunitytoapplypublichealthtoolsofsurveillanceandtrackingtoidentifyearlythe

changesinthesepatternsandreactearlierandpreparefordisastrousevents.• Bigissueislackofresourcestodealwithalloftheseissues.• Threatofinternalmigrationduetoclimatechange;can’texcludetheinfluxofpeoplefromother

partsoftheworldwhoarebeingdisplaced• Climatechangeisaresultofanincreasingconflicts(i.e.inheatwaves,crimesofaggressiongo

up).• Casestudy,BentonCountyHealth-Climatechangeworkcanrelatetolocallevels(county

commissioners)andhowtheycanshiftfinancialresourceswithinthecountyallocation.o i.e.recognizinghowmuchresourcesarealreadyallocatedtoaddressing,understandthe

cost,andaddressthis§ Plowingroadsfivetimes,fundingforfloodingetc.

• Successstory–howcountiesaredevelopingclimateplanstoaddresstheserisks,andallocatingafiniteamountofresource/capacitytoaddressclimatechange

o Portland/MultnomahCountyadoptedclimateadaptationplans• Gaps/datathatwedon’thavethatwillmakeyourjobeasier?

o Buildingbettercollaborationwithorganizationsoragenciesthatareinapositiontobeearlywarningsites

§ Hospitalclinics,poisoncontrolcenters,sharinginfowithlocal/stateauthoritieso Whenasystemfails–theydon’twanttocontactDOHbecauseitcanbeviewedasa

regulatoryagency.§ Levelsoftrustbetweenlocalcommunitiesandagencies

INLANDNORTHWESTHowisorhasclimatechangeaffectedthistopic(i.e.,observedchange)?

• Lymediseaselastyear;andtickexposureandinSEWAandNEID–WestNilevirus;SEWA,ValleyFeverfromthesoil

• Hugesnowevent–weattemptedtodeclareanemergencyandtheisolationthatcanhappeninourcommunity;oneofworstdroughtyearstobeingsnowedin

• Extremeheateventsandprolongedevents,somethingthePNWisnotusedto–isolatedcommunities;vulnerablepopulationswhenthey’reshutoff

• Declinesinamphibianandpika,marmotpopulation;upwardmigrationofplants• FirstFoodsoftribes;lesswaterinsummer;higherwatertemperaturesinsummer–badforfish.• Extremeeventsandhowtopredictanddealwiththem;howtobufferthenegativeeffects• Fishandwildlifeissues;watertempàlessfood;isolationoftribes• Seeingalotofchanges(likeNPS)–explosionincheekgrasssince1980s;medusaheadmovingoff

claysoils;vintinatahasemergedasnewinvasiveplantaffectingforestandrangelands–spreadappearstobeaffected

• Junipercontinuingtoexpandinconditionsthatinthepastweredealtwith

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• Norealobservedchangeinwaterdemand,butchangeinsourcewater(temperatureandseasonality/availability)

• (Energydemand)Systemhistoricallypeakedinthewinter,butpeakisbecomingmoreandmoreinsummer.Variabilityisstillthere,whichmakesplanningachallenge.

Howisclimatechangeprojectedtoaffectthistopicinthenext20-30yearsandattheendofthecentury(i.e.,projectedchange)?

• NonewerediscussedWhatchallenges,opportunitiesandsuccessstoriesforaddressingriskcanbehighlighted?

• Confluenceofrisk,stressorsandimpacts;howthingsarebeingcompounded• OregonClimate&HealthCollaborative,whichhelpstopoolresourcesandideas;beingableto

collaborateandpoolresourcesandshareideasisanopportunity• Conservation,distributedgeneration,microgridisallgoodpolicyregardlessofcause.Having

morepeopleinvolvedinthepowersystem(havinganEV,batteryandrooftopsolar–moreresiliencyandbufferintimesofadisaster–insurancepolicyofsorts)

• 6000MWofconservation=7bigdamsoverpastseveralyears,butthat’sabigchangeandimpact

• Anotheropportunity–bringinginmoreconnectivitybetweenmachine-to-machinetobetterunderstandthedetailamongmachinesandsystems

• Howyouplanforhabitatrestorationinlightofclimatechange;whatspecies,howdoinvasiveswork?

• Salmonorsteelheadaccessisnolongeravailabletosome;getfishupintothoseuplandwatersbecauseofsensitivitytowatertemperature;accesstotribalmembers.

• Whenwerenewgrazingpermits,we’reswitchingfromrigiddatesto“rangereadiness”approach.Timewhencattlearegrazing–andhowlong–willbemuchmorevariable

• They’rere-doingsomepermits–BakerPriorityAreaforConservation.• EspeciallyinCrookCounty,therearealotmorepartnershipsbecauseoffewerresources–often

timesamuchmore“community”approach• BigissuewithinlandNWisthatit’ssemi-arid;withlackofwateritreallyconstrainsyour

options.Alotofthingsarekindofontheedgeanyways–expansionofsaltdesertscrubisexpected,potentially.Typesofinvasivespeciesmaychange.Maybecheekgrasswilldieoff,butwehaveredbromeabouttostepin–tradeoneinvasivespeciesforanother

• Couldgrowhighervaluecropthanalfalfa,butwatersupplyisbecominglessreliablebecauseSilviesRiverisbecominglessreliable,somorefarmersareputtingincenterpivots,andgroundwaterisover-allocated.Issueswithdomesticwells.And,insomecases,landsubsidence.

• EconomyoftheNW;weusedtobemuchmoreresourceoriented(lowvalue,highenergy–paper,aluminum,timber),highervaluelowerenergy-intensityproducts.ChangingeconomyoftheNWisbothanopportunityandchallengefortheNW.

• Monitorsprinklersmore–don’tjustfollowoldhabits,butcheckonstatusofplants.Whataretheemergingissuesand/orresearchgapsonthistopic?

• Economics–howtointegratealittlebetter

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• Habitatrestoration;howtoallocatemoneyinwatershedwhereit’sgoingtobetoowarmortoodry;whereisthebiggestbangforthebuck

• Ihaven’theardenvironmentaljusticehighlightedmore;resourceefficiencyisimportant,butbeingsensitivetopopulationswhoneedthatfocus

• Bulltroutrestorationefforts;duetoclimatechangeandlookingatmapsofwherebesttoworkin,manyofthoseregionsmightbelessofapriority.Streamstheyhaveaccesstomaynothavethefish.

• Farmworker/migrantworkerissuesOtherissues/specificcasestudiestohighlight?

• Nonewerediscussed

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AppendixD:DetailedStakeholderFeedbackonFocalAreaIssues(BoiseWorkshop)PreliminaryAuthorthoughtsonNCA4’sNWchapter(CharlieLuce)

• Northwestisaverydiverseregion• Authorteamisthinkingaboutfocusingonpeopleperspectiveinregardstoclimatechangein

theNorthwestOpenDiscussion/Feedback

• TribesnotwellrepresentedinNCA3–needbetterrepresentationinNCA4• TribalUpperSnakeRivertribedidClimateChangeVulnerabilityAssessmentintheUpperSnake

RiverWatershedfactsheet(plusothers)• FactsheetonProtectingBiodiversityinaChangingClimate• Withdecommissioningofcoalplants–whatwillbeuseonWaterUseandWaterQuality(and

howwillthisaffectwateravailability)• Mitigation/adaptationarecloselytied.TheNatureConservancyisfeelingamoreurgentpress

fromitsconstituencytoaddressgreenhousegases.Waystocouchsequestrationissueswithoutbeingpolicy-prescriptive.Renewableenergyissuesarealsoimportant.

• Nationalchapterwilldiscussmitigation/adaptationnexus• Needastrongfocusontheeconomicimpactsofclimatechange,whichmaybemorerelatable

fortheagriculturalsectorinIdaho(economicsarewhatwillgetstatepolitician’sattentioninID)

• AnycasestudiesonairqualitystandardsnearSandPoint?(Tribalrepswillchecktoseewhatmightbeavailable).

• WearecurrentlydealingwithAgricultural/Businesseswantingtobeabletoincreasepollutantloadsinstreams(issueforTribes)

• NutrientloadissuesinOregon.TherearesomecasestudieswecanpointtoinIdaho(IDdidn’tapprovewastewaterplant?Dixiedrainproject?).

• BioChar–areTribesworkingonthis?(nottotheirknowledge)• NorthwestElectricLoadsaregoingtochange.Rightnowpeakforcoastsiswinterascompared

toNWinlandwhichpeaksinsummer.Therewillbeimpactsdrivenbythechangesinwhenenergydemandpeaks.

• Ranching&Timber–lotsofpotatoesbeinglostduetoincreasingtemperatures.Itwouldbeexpensivetoairconditionstoragebuildings(haven’tneededtodosopreviously)

• Monsantoisevenlookingatseedsandgrowingzoneschanging(theyareveryproactiveinlookingattheseissues)

• Sagegrouse/sagebrushlossinNWinlandisanissue• ButapositiveimpactisthatIdahorangelandvolunteerranchingfirefightersaredoingamuch

betterjoboffightingfires.Federalfolksareprovidingtraining.• Tribes–fishavailabilityisanissuesalmon/trout• AssistedmigrationwasbroughtupinPortland.Charlie–thismaybeaconcernwhenyou

introducenewspecies.• ContactColumbiaRiverTreaty• ContactColumbiaInter-tribalCommission• Increasedhypoxiaisanissue

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• Idahoutilitiesmaybeausefulgroupforauthorstoconsultwith• Agricultural&Rural

o feelprettygoodaboutforecastingandmodelingfromresearchside.ThereissomuchtobelearnedaboutSilvaCarbon,BioChar–theappliedsideneedsmoreemphasisfor“howwillwesolvetheissues?”

• Idahoroadclosuresduetoavalanchesimpactcommunities• Forests

o Timberissuelowervaluetreesdisplacinghighervaluedtrees(becomingrelevantissuetoIdaho);checkNewMeadowsregionforspecies/places

o Fireremainsabigissueo Differentsetofdemandsandresponsesduetohigherpopulationswantingtouse

forestsforrecreationo Salvagelogging–valueonlyfirstyearortwoafterfire.Therecanbeaglutofthistypeof

wood(oftenjustbecomesfirewood)o Insectsandpestinfluencesareabigissuewithchangingclimateo BoiseStateUniversityisdoingbigconstructionprojectoncampususingsalvagedwood.,

whichisalsobeingusedforheating• HumanDimensions

o TribalCulturalperspectivesfromElders(whathavetheynoticed)FactSheet(food/medicine/willow/etc.)

o YoumaywanttoincludesomeoftheinfofromYalestudyhttp://climatecommunication.yale.edu/visualizations-data/ycom-us-2016/https://nyti.ms/2mL0o4J

o Impactsofclimatechangeonjobsisanimportantissueo TribalKnowledgestories:contactLeeJuanTyler(Shoshone-BannokTribe)

• JenusedNCA3asaplacetopointpeopleasaclimate“primer”• Potentialchangesinthefutureinenergycosts(lesssnowmayeventuallyequatetohigher

energycosts)• International/TransboundaryIssues

o Agriculturalexports–hugetradewithothercountrieso Canadaprovidesalotoffloodcontrolo Grainbarging–vs-trains–vs-shipping–vs-climatefactors

• 2015Issueso LittlebroughtupbyIdahoparticipants(ascomparedtoHUGEissuesforOregon)o Sockeyekill

• ClimateChangePositiveStorieso Wine–withawarmerseason,thewinegrowingregionhasincreased(Idaho,Walla

Walla–changeingrapevarietals,andbeingabletogrowgrapesinregionsyoucouldn’tgrowbefore–similartoSpainclimate/regions)

o Hops–landbeingacquiredforhops(beer)o Hay–longergrowingseason,gettinganothercuttingofhay(moreprofit)o IdahoPowerhas10,000acresinOregonwheretheycurrentlygrowalfalfa,theyare

lookingatmovingtowillowwoodsaplingsandcottonwoodsaplingstolinestreamstohelpreducestreamtemps

o ShippinglanesNWpassageandshippingforOregonandWashingtonState