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REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 1
Regional Landuse Policies in the Context of
Development of National Capital Region
Presented by
J.N. Barman, Joint Director (Technical)
National Capital Region Planning Board
19th May, 2011
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 2
Structure of Presentation
•Organisation- NCRPB
•Regional Plan-2021 for NCR
•Regional Landuse Analysis
•Policies and Proposals
•National Physical Plan for Malyasia-2020
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 3
NCR Planning Board’s Mandate
• ‘Preamble’ of the NCRPB Act, 1985 provides the rationale for
constituting the ‘National Capital Region’ as
‘An Act to provide for the constitution of a Planning Board for
the preparation of a plan for the development of the National
Capital Region and for co-coordinating and monitoring the
implementation of such plan and for evolving harmonized
policies for the control of land-uses and development of
infrastructure in the National Capital Region so as to avoid any
haphazard development of that region and for matters
connected therewith or incidental thereto.’
• ‘National Capital Region Planning Board’ was constituted under
NCRPB Act, 1985 to promote growth and balanced development
of the Region in 1985.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 4
NCR Planning Board’s Constitution
• National Capital Region Planning Board is a high level statutory Board consisting of (21 members and 10 co-opted members) – Chairman – Minister of Urban Development, Govt. of India
– Members
– Union Ministers for Power, Communication & IT, Railways and
Roads & Highways; – Chief Ministers of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and NCT
Delhi; – Lt. Governor of NCT of Delhi; – Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development; – Chief Secretaries of Haryana, Rajasthan and NCT of Delhi; – Principal Advisor (HUD), Planning Commission; – Secretary, Housing & Urban Development of U.P. – Member Secretary of the NCR Planning Board
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 5
NCR Planning Board’s Functions
• Section 7 of the NCR Planning Board Act, 1985 provides following functions of the Board:
a. to prepare the Regional Plan and the Functional Plans ; b. to arrange for the preparation of Sub-Regional Plans and
Project Plans by each of the participating States and the Union territory ;
c. to co-ordinate the enforcement and implementation of the Regional Plan, Functional Plans, Sub-Regional Plans and Project Plans through the participating States and the Union territory ;
d. to ensure proper and systematic programming by the participating States and the Union territory;
e. to arrange for, and oversee, the financing of selected development projects in the NCR through Central and State Plan funds and other sources of revenue.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 6
NCR: Constituents areas
(Area in Sq Kms)
NCT-Delhi 1,483
Haryana 13,413
Uttar Pradesh 10,853
Rajasthan 7,829
Total 33,578
▪ NCR area is
− 1.06% of the India’s area;
− 86% of the Kerala
− 75.9% of Haryana
− 66.67% of Punjab
NCR area is almost 23 times that
of NCT-Delhi (1,483 sq kms)
NCR area is more than the
combined area of 3 States of
Tripura, Nagaland and Sikkim
(27,885 sq kms)
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 7
NCR: Population Distribution
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1981 1991 2001
Delhi
Har
Raj
UP
NCR
Sub-region wise Growth / Distribution of Population (in Lakhs)
Urban-Rural Components of Population in NCR (1981-2001) Urban-Rural Comp Percent share (%)
/Year 1981 1991 2001
Urban NCR 45.87 50.23 56.39 Rural NCR 54.13 49.77 43.61
Urban NCR* 24.53 29.39 34.47
Note: *Urban NCR excluding NCT-Delhi
Year
Sub-region (in Lakhs)
NCR Delhi Haryana Rajasthan U.P.
2001 371.00 138.50 86.87 29.92 115.70
2011 486.19 179.90 117.55 37.91 150.83
2021 641.38 234.87 160.16 48.06 198.29
Population Projection as per Regional Plan-2021 for NCR
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 8
Regional Plan
District Plans Sub-Regional Plans
Master/Development Plans
Functional Plans
Project Plans
To be prepared by the State Government or Local Body/Authority
To be prepared by the State Government
To be prepared by NCRPB
Planning Process
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 9
Regional Plan-2021 for NCR
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 10
Regional Plan-2021: Aim and objectives
To promote growth and balanced development of the National
Capital Region through
• Providing suitable economic base for future growth in identified
regional settlements to absorb economic impulse of NCT-Delhi
• Promoting sustainable development
• Providing rational land use pattern
• Developing urban infrastructural facilities
• Providing efficient and cost effective rail and road based
transport network
• Minimizing adverse environmental impact
• Innovative methods of resource mobilization and attracting
private investments
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 11
Regional Plan-2021 for NCR • Regional Plan covers the policies and proposals of the following
sectors/ aspects:
- Demographic Profile & Settlement Pattern
- Economic Activities
- Transport
- Power
- Water
- Sewerage, SWM, Drainage & Irrigation
- Telecommunication
- Shelter
- Social Infrastructure
- Heritage & Tourism
- Environment
- Disaster Management
- Rural Development
- Regional Landuse
- Counter Magnet Areas
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 12
Regional Plan-2021: Thrust areas
• Lays down Land Uses at the Regional level for harmonious
development
• Proposes Development of Metro and Regional Centres as powerful
growth nodes to attract major activities
• Provide regional transport linkages and Mass Commuter System
• Construction of peripheral expressways and orbital rail corridor
around Delhi
• Development of core urban infrastructure (transport, power, water
supply, sewerage, drainage etc.) in NCR towns
• Facilitate development of the region’s economy through Model
Industrial Estates, Special Economic Zones etc. outside NCT-Delhi
• Develop critical Project Plans which are integral elements of the
development vision
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 13
Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse Analysis
DEVELOPMENT OF LAND USE 1999 DATA BASE
Data Source : 1. NRSC : IRS 1C ( PAN+ LISS III) of March 1999
2.Survey of India :Topographical Sheets
3.State Governments Inputs
Scale : 1:50 000
Land Use Map - 1999 prepared using :
- Visual Interpretation
- Digital Mosaicing Techniques
- Application of Remote Sensing Techniques
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 14
Regional Plan-2021: Landuse Analysis
Land Use Classification LEVEL-I LEVEL-II LEVEL-III
1.Built-Up 11 Dense Builtup-Res 101 Non residential
12 Dense Builtup-Res 102 Open/vacant land
13 Dense Builtup-Res 103 Recreational
14 Engulfed villages 104 Green Spaces
105 Historical Monuments
2.Agriculture 21 Cultivated 231 Horticulture/Mango
22 Fallow
23 Plantation
24 Farm houses
3.Forest 31 Dense Forest 322 Social forestry
32 Plantation
33 Open Scrub
4.Wastelands 41 Gullied land
42 Saline land
43 Waterlogged
44 Barren
45 Rocky
63 River Sand
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 15
Regional Plan-2021: Landuse Analysis Land Use Classification
LEVEL-I LEVEL-II LEVEL-III
5. Water Bodies 51 River/Stream
52 Canal
53 Drain
54 Lake
55 Tank
56 Pond
6. Others 61 Mine 311 Forest boundary
62 Quarry 312 Forest boundary
621 Stone Quarry
622 Brick Kiln
106 Landfill sites
9999 NCR Boundary
999 State Boundary
99 District Boundary
7. Transportation 71. Road 721 Railway line
711 National Highway 73 Airport
712 State Highway
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 16
Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse-1999
Category Area (hectares) % to total
Built-up 263,500 8.71
Agriculture 24,04,964 79.52
Forest 1,21,435 4.02
Wastelands 2,00,535 6.63
Water bodies 24,217 0.80
Others 9,549 0.32
Total NCR 30,24,200 100.00
Existing Landuse-1999 in NCR
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 17
Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse 1999
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 18
Regional Plan-2021: Existing Landuse-1999
Category 1986 1999
Area %age Area %age
Built-up 98,794 3.26 2,63,500 8.71
Agriculture 26,50,585 87.64 24,04,964 79.52
Forests 77,512 2.56 1,21,435 4.02
Wastelands 1,85,886 6.14 2,00,535 6.63
Water bodies 3,235 0.10 24,217 0.80
Others 8,200 0.27 9,549 0.32
Total 30,24,200 100.00 30,24,200 100.00
Landuse Change Analysis in NCR: 1986-1999
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 19
Landuse Distribution
LANDUSE 1986
87.64%
3.27%
2.56%
6.15%
0.28%0.11%
Built-up Agriculture Forests
Wasteland Waterbodies Others
LANDUSE 1993
86.18%
4.07%
3.63%
5.07%0.06% 0.98%
Built-up Agriculture Forests
Wasteland Waterbodies Others
LAND-USE DISTRIBUTION IN NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
LANDUSE 1999
79.53%
8.72%
4.02%
6.63%0.32% 0.80%
Built-up Agriculture Forests
Wasteland Waterbodies Others
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 20
Regional Plan-2021: Issues
• Large scale conversion of agriculture land to non-
agriculture use. Agriculture area reduced from 88% in 1986
to 80% in 1999.
• Unauthorized conversion of land uses particularly along the
transport corridors.
• Unplanned and haphazard growth in environmentally
sensitive areas like river beds, ridge areas, forest areas, etc.
• Rural Settlements close to Delhi and other Metropolitan
Cities in NCR under-going rapid physical and socio
economic changes and shortage of basic services.
• Existing Town & Country Planning Acts in the NCR
participating States do not have any control on location of
urban activities in rural areas outside the notified
controlled/development areas.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 21
Policies and Proposals of Regional Plan-2021
for NCR
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 22
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Regional Plan-2021: Settlement Pattern 7 Metro Centres/Complexes • Faridabad
• Ghaziabad-Loni Complex
• Meerut
• Sonepat - Kundli Complex
• Greater Noida
11 Regional Centres • Bahadurgarh
• Panipat
• Rohtak
• Palwal
• Rewari-Dharuhera-Bawal
• Hapur
• Bulandshahr-Khurja
• Baghpat-Baraut Complex
• Alwar
• Greater Bhiwadi
• Shahjahanpur-Neemrana-Behror
Hierarchical Level Population Range
Metro Centre 10,00,000 and above
Regional Centre 3,00,001 – 10,00,000
Sub-regional Centre 50,001 – 3,00,000
Service Centre 10,001 – 50,000
Central Village 5,000 – 10,000
Basic Village Below 5,000
Hierarchy of settlements
PATIALA
AMBALA
DEHRADUN
BAREILLY
KANPUR
KOTA
HISSAR
8 Counter-magnet area • Bareilly (UP)
• Gwalior (MP)
• Hissar (Haryana)
• Kota (Rajasthan)
• Patiala (Punjab)
• Ambala (Haryana)
• Dehradun (Uttrakhand)
• Kanpur (U.P.)
GWALIOR
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 23
Regional Plan-2021: Settlement Pattern
Rural Settlements
Service Centre
Large village (10000-50000) to be developed as agro-service centre, collection and distribution of agriculture goods and services with processing, marketing, warehousing and storage facilities.
Central Village
Central Village (5000-10000) to be developed with relatively better services and facilities like education, health, communication, accessibility and has a capacity to serve group of basic villages.
Basic Village
All other census villages with population less than 5000. Basic facilities like link roads, water supply, electricity, low-cost, common sanitary facilities with minimum required social infrastructure as per planning norms.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 24
Regional Plan-2021 Policies for Environment
• Protection and conservation of good agricultural land
• Land suitability analysis in Master/ Development Plans for land
use allocations
• Protection of identified natural and manmade heritage sites
for the protection of bio-diversity and culture
• Development Plan to be prepared for the protected areas
• To increase the area under forest from 4% to 10%
• Environmentally sensitive areas such as forests, wetlands,
water bodies etc. to be protected
• Regular monitoring of air, water, noise & land pollution by the
respective state pollution control boards
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 25
Regional Plan-2021 for NCR Policies for Rural Development
• Service Centres and Central Villages to be identified and their role to
be spell out in the Sub-Regional / District Plans by the States.
• State Governments will prepare detailed rural development
Programmes and incorporate in the various programmes of Ministry
of Rural Development in the Sub-Regional / District Plans.
• Provisions of urban amenities / facilities in rural areas like
connectivity, housing, sanitation, water supply, communication,
social infrastructure to improve the quality of life.
• Provisions for protection of rural areas from unauthorized activities
be made in the Sub-Regional Plans by the State Governments.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 26
Regional Plan-2021: Proposed Regional Land use
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 27 27
Regional Landuse Policies and Proposals
•Urbanisable Area
•Master plans of towns to be prepared within the
framework of RP2021.
•Population Densities be followed as per RP-2021
norms.
•Agricultural (rural) Zone within Controlled Area
•Activities as per Zoning Regulations of RP2021
• Green Buffers
•Green buffers along the ROW of the Transport
Network be maintained :
• Expressways/By Pass - 100 m.
National Highway - 60 m.
State Highway - 30 m.
Railway line - 30 m.
•Activities as per Zoning Regulations of RP-
2021 to be permitted
Contd..
1. Controlled/Development/Regulated Zone
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 28 28
Regional Landuse Policies and Proposals
2 Highway corridor zone
• To prevent ribbon development, a regulated zone to
be provided.
• Minimum width of 500 metres on either side of ROW
to be notified as Controlled/ Area
• Boundaries of the highway corridor zone to be
delineated based on revenue village boundary by the
State Governments.
• Master Plan to be prepared for
development/conservation based on development
potentialities.
3 Natural Conservation Zone
• Extension of Aravalli ridge to be developed in
accordance with notifications issued by MOEF.
• Water bodies, Ox-bow lakes and Paleo -channels and
other ground water recharging areas to be kept free
from encroachment/development.
• Detailed conservation Plans to be prepared for the
nature conservation zones.
Contd..
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 29 29
Regional Landuse Policies and Proposals
• Existing cultivated land to be
conserved for agricultural use and
efforts be made to increase
production through intensive
cultivation.
• Measures to be initiated for protection
of prime agricultural land and ensure
its needless conservation into non-
agricultural/urban use.
• Use of less valuable land for urban
expansion / new urban centres /
development purposes
4 Agricultural (rural) zone outside notified controlled/ development areas
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 30
NATIONAL PHSYICAL PLAN-2020
MALAYSIA
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 31
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
•National Physical Plan (NPP) for Malaysia prepared under the provisions of Town & Country Planning Act, 1976 (Amended) 2001.
•NPP was prepared by the Federal Department of Town & Country Planning, Ministry of Housing and Local Government in 2005.
•Total Area 1,31,816 sq.km.
•Population - 18.5 million in 2000.
•Region Four - Northern Region, Central Region, Southern region and Eastern region
•States 12
•Major natural features- High lands, forests, coastal areas, rivers, lakes and plains
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 32
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Objectives
•To rationalise national spatial planning for economic efficiency.
•To optimise utilization of land and natural resources for sustainable development.
•To promote balanced regional development.
•To secure spatial and environmental quality and diversity for high quality of life.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 33
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
1980 1991 2000 2020
11.42 14.80 18.52 26.80
Population in Million
Population
1991 2000 2020
Urban 7.68
(54.3%)
12.12
(65.4)
20.11
(75%)
Rural 6.45
(45.7%)
6.40
(34.6%)
6.69
(25%)
Total 14.13
(100%)
18.52
(100%)
26.8
(100%)
Urban & Rural Population
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 34
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Existing Landuse -2001
Built-up areas 4370.90 3.3%
Agriculture 66687.30 50.6%
Forests 58448.90 44.4%
Water Bodies 2309.30 1.70
Total 131816.40 100%
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 35
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Land Availability Assessment
Land development limitations
identified are:
• Existing built-up areas.
• Environmentally Sensitive
Areas
• Areas with physical constraints
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 36
Policies and Measures
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 37
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
National Spatial Framework-2010
•NPP will serve as framework to
achieve integrated and sustainable
landuse planning in the country.
-Development Plans and Sectoral
Plans to confirm provisions of NPP.
-Uniformity of measurements -
standards and criteria for land use
classification and assessment of
availability of land.
- NPP will provide the spatial
framework for the formulation of
Five Year Malaysian Plan (FYMP).
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 38
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Selective Concentration
Development Strategy
1.Concentrate urban based
economic activities in main
Conurbations in Kualalumpur,
Georgetown, Baharu and
Kuantan.
2.Urban based economic
activities be located away from
main conurbations in Selected
Urban Growth Centres.
3.Encourage optimum utilisation
of existing Infrastructure like
highways, railways and ports.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 39
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Prime Agricultural Areas (PAA)
Support of agriculture to take
cognisance of the threats and
opportunities of urbanization.
1.Prioritize agricultural land to
conserve Prime Agricultural Areas.
2.Eight strategic granary areas
including oil palm areas identified to
be conserved.
3.All PAA outside designated urban
areas not permitted for conversion to
urban uses.
4.All PAA within Conurbations that
fall within green belt to be
permanently conserved.
5.A national exercise be carried out to
identify , designate and map the PAA
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 40
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Potential Rural Economic
Clusters
Development of Rural Growth
Centres for servicing of rural
population.
1. Social and Commercial
Service and public facilities to
be consolidated at Rural
Growth Centres
2. Public Investments in
infrastructure to support
resource based economic
activities craft based
industries, agro-based and
forest based activities
3. Residents of Isolated
Villages to relocate RGCs to
become economically viable
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 41
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
National Physical Plan also
formulated detailed policies on the
following aspects:
•Protection of Environmentally
Sensitive Areas (ESA).
•Central Forest Spine (CFS)
recommended CFS to be gazetted
under National Forest Act.
•Protection of Sensitive Coastal Eco-
system (SCE).
•Protection of Highlands and Special
Management Areas (HSMA)
•Industrial Sites within Water
Catchments-restriction of location of
industries.
•Flood Prone Area (FPA)-declaration
of river reserved.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 42
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Integrated National Development Planning System
1. Project Implementation and Coordination.
- National Development Council, National Development Working Committee and State Development Council.
2. National Development and Economic Planning
- National Economic Council
- National Development Planning Committee
- State Economic Planning Committee
3. National Physical Planning
- National Physical Council
- National Physical Planning Committee
- State Planning Committee
- Local Planning Committee
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 43
National Physical Plan-2020 Malaysia
Plan implementation, monitoring and review
1. Plan implementation
All Federal & State Agencies
2. Monitoring
- DG Town & Country Planning
- Landuse Changes
- Application of policies
3. Plan Review
- DG Town & Country Planning
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 44
Suggestions
1. Detailed Spatial (Map) and Non-Spatial (Statistical) Data Base
may be created.
2. National / State / District Level Mapping through Remote Sensing Technology (GIS).
3. Collection of Digital Spatial Data already generated by various Central/State Govts./ Agencies on various aspects of land cover/ land use.
4. Identification and delineation of various types of existing landuses / land cover.
5. Study of various policies proposals of Central Govt./State Govts. for specific areas like forest hill areas, waste lands etc.
6. Identification of issues, problems and potentialities for various types of land uses.
7. Carrying out technical and socio-economic research studies on selected important aspects.
REGIONAL LANDUSE POLICIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF NCR 45