Entrepreneurship & Small Business Development*

RecapRole of SSI in Economic DevelopmentRegistrationPRCPMT*

TodayProject Planning & Scheduling

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Project Planning & SchedulingProject planning and scheduling are essential skills for project managementIt is only part of project management which is complex and deserves studyingResource scheduling is a core issueCan be easily achieved by Critical Path SchedulingMany software tools are available for supportA schedule is useful only if it isRealistic, andMaintained up to date as the project proceeds*

Project Planning & SchedulingA general version of the project planning and scheduling problem assumesProcessing times of the jobs are not entirely fixed in advanceA project manager has some control on the processing times of the different jobsThrough the allocation of additional funds from a budget Since a project may have a deadline and a delay may involve a penaltyRequires a trade-off between the costs of completing the project late and the costs of shortening the durations of the jobs*

ChallengesSome common challenges include:

Events which depend on one another in different ways or dependencies Resource Scheduling: Scheduling people to work on, and resources required, the various tasksDealing with uncertainties in the estimates of the duration of each task Arranging tasks to meet various deadlines Juggling multiple projects simultaneously to meet a variety of requirements*

Graphical MethodsGraphical networks are used for PPSAssists effective planningProvides a step-by-step routineCoordinating work assignments, andResource utilizationHelps in establishingControl criteriaEconomical means for correcting delays*

Network SchedulingNetwork: It depicts the sequence of activities necessary to complete a projectSegments of a project are represented byLines connected together to show the interrelationship of operations and resourcesA duration is associated with each segmentShows the time distribution of each operation, andThe total projectThis information can be used to coordinate the application of resources*

TechniquesTwo very well known techniques for network scheduling:Critical Path Method (CPM), andProject Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)Both focus on the path of critical activitiesControls the projects duration, andHelps in Critical Path Scheduling (CPS)CPS is a management control tool forDefining,Integrating, andAnalyzingAll the activities which must be done to complete a project economically and on time*

FundamentalsRegardless of the name or the graphical conventions the fundamentals are the sameDetermine a list of necessary activitiesEstablish a restriction list that sets the order of activitiesCombine the two lists to construct a network*

Problems of Small BusinessPaucity of financePoor availability of power & other infrastructureObsolete technologyMarketing problemsPoor managerial & organizational skillsHigh incidence of sicknessWeak bargaining power*

Role of SSI in Economic DevelopmentEmployment GenerationSecond largest employerEmployment capital ratio26 jobs for every 0.1 million of investmentLow Initial Capital InvestmentBalanced Regional DevelopmentEquitable Distribution of IncomePromotes Inter-sectoral LinkagesExportsDevelopment of Entrepreneurship*

RegistrationNot mandatory to register as a SSIRegistration entitles to the privileges available for the SSIE.g. easy access to land, utilities, etc.Point of contactDistrict Industry Centers (DICs) orDirectorate of Industries (DIs)Two StagesProvisional RegistrationPermanent Registration*

Provisional Registration Certificate (PRC)Its the initial registration for starting a small scale industryApplied in the prescribed application formAlong withPrescribed court fee stamp,Copy of the project profile,Partnership Deed,Memorandum and Articles of Association, etc.PRC is normally issued immediatelyThe initial validity of the PRC is for two years*

Benefits of PRCTo obtain the term loans and working capitalTo obtain facilities for accommodation, land, other approvals etc.To obtain various necessary No Objection Certificate (NOC) and clearancesTo apply for power and water connectionsTo apply for procuring machinery on hire purchase basis.*

Permanent Registration Certificate (PMT)PRC is converted to PMT, on commencement of production

PMT registration will help SSI units in many ways like:To apply for scarce raw materials and for importing raw materialsTo get working capital from banks /financial institutionsTo obtain Central excise duty concessionsTo apply for registration under theGovernment Stores Purchase ProgrammeAncillary Development ProgrammeExport Promotion ProgrammeTo apply for incentives including sales tax exemption, etc.*

Applying for PMTApplied in the prescribed formFollowing documents needs to be submitted:Rent receipt or NOC from landlordIf the power is not in the name of the unit then NOC from the connection holderPhotocopy of purchase invoice of machineryPhotocopy of purchase invoice of raw materialsPhotocopy of partnership deedPhotocopy of memorandum of association and certificate of in corporationPhotocopy of approved scheme and project report if the unit is assembling/manufacturing, etc.*