Definition & Historical Background

What is linguistics ?

It’s the scientific study of language

Linguistics as a field divided into• Theoretical linguistics• APPLIED LINGUISTICS• Descriptive linguistics• Historical linguistics• Geographical linguistics• Comparative linguistics

What is Language Teaching?

The Relationship of Linguistics to Language Teaching

Linguistics Language Teaching

Both takes LANGUAGE as their subject.

the general principles in which languages are

constructedLINGUISTIC

The Relation of Linguistics to Language Teaching

Linguistics

Language Teaching

APPLIED LINGUISTICS

ACHIEVEMENTS OF

LINGUISTIC INQUIRY

EFFECTIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING

Burns (2009) stated that Applied Linguistics means

taking language and language theories as the basis to:

What is Applied Linguistics?

The Main subfields of applied linguistics

Language Acquisition Teaching and learning foreign

languages Improving teaching methodology Improving syllabuses

Language assessment: the assessment and evaluation of language achievement and proficiency, both in first and additional languages, and for both general and specific purposes.

History of Applied Linguistics

1950s

1960s

History of Applied Linguistics

1970s

1990s

• Changes in language teaching methods throughout history have reflected the development of linguistic theories.

• From the 17th to the 19th centuries, linguistics was characterized by traditional grammar.

• The interest in the analysis of vernaculars (grammars, grammar schools, grammarians) favoured one method:

“GRAMMAR TRANSLATION”

EARLY 20th CENTURYThe emphasis was back on the “USE” of a language rather than

on its “ANALYSIS”.

The “DIRECT METHOD” FRANCOIS GOUIN (1880) also

known as the “NATURAL METHOD” or “NATURAL

APPROACH” gained favour.

20th CENTURY “APPROACHES” TO LANGUAGE TEACHING

MAIN APPROACHES BY INFLUENCE

MAIN APPROACHES BY INFLUENCE

Syllabus Design

• Syllabus is THE DESCRIPTION OF PLANNING AND

FRAMEWORK FOR A COURSE OF STUDY, consist of the

learning goals, objectives, contents, processes,

resources and means of evaluation planned for students.

• In brief , a syllabus can be described as a statement of what

is to be learnt. It reflects language and linguistic performance. (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987)

Difference between Syllabus and Curriculum

• Curriculum is wider term as compared with syllabus.

• Curriculum covers all the activities and arrangements made by the institution

• Syllabus is limited to a particular subject of a particular class.

Product Oriented

Process Oriented

Language Activities

Language activities (games)

Hadfield (1999)

LINGUISTICS COMMUNICATIVE

Benefits Of Test In Language Teaching

• Tests are very useful instruments that have the power to inform and influence

Functions Of Tests

Language Testing

• VALIDITY refers to the degree to which a test

measures what it is intended to measure.

• RELIABILITY refers to whether a test produces the

consistent results when given to the same candidates

twice in succession.

• EFFICIENCY involves questions of economy, ease of

administration, scoring, and interpretation of results.

REFERENCES

• Charles E. Townsend

Princeton University (phoenix.princeton.edu)

Topic: Linguistics and Language Teaching

• Communicative Language Teaching:

Linguistic Theory and Classroom Practice

SANDRA J. SAVIGNON

• Relation between Linguistics & Language Teaching.pdf

• Linguistics and Language Teaching.ppt