relevant aspects for eps improved reliability

8/6/2019 Relevant Aspects for EPS Improved Reliability

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A Reflection into Relevant Aspects of Power Systems

for Improved ReliabilityFrancisco De La RosaElectric Power Systems-InternationalMaryland Heights, MO 63043

[email protected](314) 890-9999

Electric West Exposition and Conference, February 27-29, 2008, Las Vegas, NV


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Electrical Power Systems

Generation

Transmission

Distribution

Customers

Exposed to all Kinds of Environmental

Factors

Demand High Standards of Reliability &QualityElectric West Exposition and Conference,

February 27-29, 2008, Las Vegas, NV


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A. EXTERN AL (ENVIRONMENT AL)

FAC TORS AFFE CTING POWERSYSTEM OPER ATION:

1. Lightning2. Wind3. Tornados

4. Ice/Snow5. Corrosion



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1. Equipment Malfunction or Failureinvolving:

a) Generatorsb) Transformersc) Circuit Breakers

d) Protective Devicesd) etc.


B . INTERN AL FAC TORS IMP AC TING

POWER SYSTEM OPER ATION:


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1. Power Qualitya) Waveform distortion

Caused by the increasing use of power converters , arc-type devices, UPSsand the escalating number of computersand entertainment devices in residentialinstallationsThis can be exacerbated by parallelresonant conditions involving power factor capacitor banks


C. POWER SYSTEM OPER ATION ALFAC TORS:


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Power QualityCont..

b) Voltage fluctuationsVoltage SagsVoltage SwellsVoltage Spikes

c) Lightning-related disturbancesd) Cyclic loads2. Ferroresonance

Involving underground cables and low-loss transformers at customer endInvolving PTs at Substations



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3. System Overloading

a) Increased loading is linked to reactivecompensation rising voltage profile alonglong feeders

b) Increased harmonic distortion may occur under harmonic resonant conditionsinvolving capacitor banks

4. Worn out installations5. Operating errors



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D. OTHER INF LUEN CING F AC TOR S:

1. TreesDuring strong winds or ice storms(can be reduced through utility vegetation maintenance)

2. Animals or AccidentsBirds, squirrels, snakes, etc.(Increased use of Animal Guards can help decrease

these events)

3. Car collisions with power line poles(Guard rails and relocation of equipment can help

reduce damage)



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Wrapping up:Power Systems Reliability can be affectedby a number of reasons including external,internal and operational factors.

All these events have the potential to

negatively impact frequency and durationof power interruptions, therefore affectingSAIDI, SAIFI, MAIFI and CAIDI ReliabilityIndices.It is very important to track cause of power interruptions and implement remedialmeasures to improve system performance



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1. Timely Testing and Inspection of

Equipment according withInternal/Interconnection Policies2. Utilization of Advanced Communication

Infrastructure Resources to ImproveSystem Operation, Pinpoint Troublesand Apply Corrective Measures


E. CORRE CTIVE AC TIONS TO

IMPROVE POWER SYSTEMRE LIAB ILITY


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F. POWER SYSTEM M AINTEN ANCE1. Equipment Maintenance is vital to keep

power systems running reliably andcost/effective

2. All equipment is important but following key

elements should be subject to strict Testingand Maintenance schedules:a) Generators, Breakers, Transformers and

Communication Equipmentb) Protective relays, batteries and auxiliary

equipment



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G. COMMUNICATION INFR ASTR UC TUREModern communication systems provide

utilities means to improve system protectionand implement operation, monitoring andcontrol functions to perform:

1. Automated Meter Reading2. Outage Assessment3. Load Control

4. Reactive Power Control5. Power System Restoration following

Major Disturbances



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Wrapping up:

Periodic Testing and Maintenance toequipment and protective devices isimportant to keep the electric power system running in shape and reliablyThis will also have a positive impacton reduction of equipment failure

rates thus improving ReliabilityIndices



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Wrapping up:

Communication resources used byPower Utilities can significantly aid inthe effort towards:

Increasing Power System Reliability Achieving a more Cost Effective

Power System

Improving Customer Satisfaction



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CON CLU SIONS

1. Multiple causes of failures affect Operation andReliability of Electric Power Systems

2. It is important for utilities to track operationdisturbances and identify the main causes for power

interruptions. Only then effective remedial schemescan be applied

3. Periodic Maintenance and optimal use of Communication Infrastructure can lead to

substantial increase in operation performance,system reliability and customer satisfaction



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THE END

Thanks!


relevant aspects for eps improved reliability

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