E D I T O R ’ S

L E T T E RHello everyone,I really hope you enjoy the first edition of Religion. me and everyone involved have worked really hard to make it an original and exciting magazine. Religion magazine is a style inspiration guide as well as being full of interesting, current articles for you to get your teeth into! Check out our feature on sustainable fashion, all about how the fashion industry needs to start thinking about the environment. You can do your bit as well, how about holding a clothes swapping night with you and your friends? This way your recycling your clothing instead of just throwing it away.As well as the editor of this magazine, I’m also the photographer. All the editorials and feature photographs are taken by me. My personal favourite is ‘Champagne’ featuring Alice Tobia in some wonderful monochrome outfits. Monochrome is a great trend to try out as it’s extremely versatile and suits everyone. If you like any of the clothes you see in the ediorials feel free to enquire about them, just email me at Hannahlouise_photography@hotmail.com please be aware that a lot of them are the stylists own.Another feature I really enjoyed is the Shoreditch Fashion Show feature, hosted by Wynt-er Heayes. This event was amazing and everyone involved did a great job. Make sure to check out some of the designers yoursevles! I would love to hear what you all think of Religion. Please contact us at Religionmag@hotmail.com and let us know! Hope you enjoy reading, bye for now.Editor.Hannah Louise Broughton,

I N T H I S M O N T H ’ S

R E L I G I O NW H A T S N E W ? p . 6

A R T , M U S I C , F A S H I O N p . 7

S H O R E D I T C H F A S H I O N S H O W p . 9

C L A S H p . 1 7

C H A M P A G N E p . 2 4

B L O W N A W A Y p . 3 2

A N O T H E R T R I B E p . 3 8Champagne p. 24

Clash p. 17

B R I S T O L S T Y L E p . 4 6

C A N G R E E N B E F A S H I O N A B L E p . 5 0

H A S S O C I A L N E T W O R K I N G G I V E N F A S H I O N A M A K E - O V E R ? P . 5 6

Shoreditch fashion show p.9

S K I N C A R E S E C R E T S p . 5 4Bristol style p.46

R E L I G I O N

C O N T R I B U T O R SAnushka Kandola studied multimediajournalism at Bournemouth Uni-versity. At the moment she works in digital marketing

Harriet Gordon studied Eng-lish at Cardiff University. She works as an assistant editor for Link publishing in Bristol.

Alice Tobia studied illustration at Manchester Metropolitan Uni-versity. She is currently working as a freelance illustrator based in Bristol.

Kailash Sawyer has worked as a make up artist for London Fashion week and is currently based in Bristol and London

Natalie Britton is a beauty blogger from Bristol. She has loved fash-ion from an early age and studied photography at City of Bristol college.

A B I G T H A N K Y O U T O A L L T H E C O N T R I B U T O R SF O R M A K I N G T H I S S U C H A N I N S P I R I N G

M A G A Z I N E !

W H A T W E ’ R E L I S T E N I N G T O .B e y o n c e !

“ G o o d t o w o rk o u t t o a t t h e g y m ! ”

A n u s h k a K a n d o l a

S p l a s h h a n d P e a c e“ G r e a t n e w i n d i e b a n d s c a n ’ t s t o p l i s t e n i n g t o

b o t h ! ”H a n n a h B r o u g h t o n , E d i t o r

“Keep hearing a lot from Yeasayer at the moment rea lly like the ir hap-py v ibes with synths and guitars ,

n ic e and summery”Wynter Heayes

“ F l u m e , L i t t l e d r a g o n , F r a n k O c e a n , A l t J a n d B i l l B r y s o n a u d i o b o o k s . B e a c h c u l t a r e

g r e a t t o w o rk t o o a s w e l l ”

A l i c e T o b i a

W H A T ’ S N E W

R A M O N A F L O W E R SThis Bristol based band have just fin-ished supporting chart toppers Bastille on their UK tour. A brilliant live band, their sound has been compared to the likes of Radiohead, The Temper trap and Coldplay. ‘Lust and Lies’ EP is out on the 27th April, be sure to get your copy!

The hotly anticipated Carrie remake starring Chloe Moretz is set to finally be released in October. The film was originally set to be released this Spring, but was pushed to October for a Halloween release. Julianne Moore stars as Carrie’s mum, and Judy Greer as Miss Desjardin.

C A R R I E M O V I E R E M A K E

A r t , m u s i c a n d f a s h i o nT h e s e l a s t f e w m o n t h s i n p i c t u r e s

B e y o n c e n e x t t o c o l l a b o r a t e w i t h H & M

Beyonce is the new face of H & M, modelling pieces in-spired by the singers own personal style. The photographs were shot by Inez van Lamsweerde and Vinoodh Matadin, who also shot the Lana Del Rey for H & M campaign. This cam-paign feautures swim wear and beach wear, one bikini in particular is from the H & M for water collection which raises money for water aid. Since 2002, H&M’s WaterAid project has raised £2,650,000.

Popular high street chain Zara have been accused of using sweatshops in Argentina. The workers claimed to have been working more than 13 hours a day without being able to leave the fac-tory unless given permission. They were given no breaks and many were children, according to workers rights group La Alamada. Zara deny the claims and say they are “ keen to work with La Alam-eda to understand the substance of their allegations” their allegations.”

A new story has emerged from comedian Cleo Rocos’ new book The power of positive drink-ing. Freddie Mercury smuggling princess di-ana into a gay club disquised as a male mod-el!? Yes you heard right. “When we walked in... we felt she was obviously Princess Diana and would be discovered at any min-ute. But people just seemed to blank her. She sort of disappeared. But she loved it.” writes Cleo. How mad??

W h a t s o n . . .Man Ray portrait exhibition started 7th Febuary ends 27th May

D a v i d B o w i e a t t h e V & AObjects, film, photography and lyrics from the stars amazing music career.

Ends 28th July.

S H O R E D I T C H F A S H I O N S H O WE V E N T H O S T E D B Y W Y N T E R H E A Y E S

W O R D S A N D P I C T U R E S B Y H A N N A H L O U I S E B R O U G H T O N

Shoreditch is well known for it’s trendy bars, clubs, shops and ca-fé’s and isn’t short of fashion-able people walking about. I have been to Shoreditch a few times and it’s always an exciting part of London to be in, whether your just browsing the vintage shops or there for business. In this case I was there for an event, Shoreditch fashion show hosted by Wynter Heayes at the Golden Bee. For somebody that doesn’t live in London I found it very easy to get to once in Shoreditch, and the venue itself was really lovely. We made our way out onto the roof terrace where we were met by a flock of well dressed young 20 somethings, all eagerly waiting for the show to start. First up was Joanna Leigh Nor-

ton who’s collection can be de-scribed as a mix of sportswear and uniform, illustrated with soft pinks and greens mixed with dusky greys. The collection looked very wearable and com-fortable whilst being graceful and stylish. Next we saw Crystal Mcfarlane’s collection, inspired by the armoury of the Henry VIII era with a modern twist. The col-lection looked wonderfully sim-plistic with deep blue and olive green tones. Other collections to follow included Radhinnas ti-tled ‘Ruins of me’ with its col-our blocks and ambitious shapes. Lilla Balazs’ Collection is in-spired by her Hungarian heritage, the clothing beautifully embel-lished with gold against strong black silhouettes.

S H O R E D I T C H F A S H I O N S H O WE V E N T H O S T E D B Y W Y N T E R H E A Y E S

W O R D S A N D P I C T U R E S B Y H A N N A H L O U I S E B R O U G H T O N

Imzy created by Izumi Sato, a St Martins graduate from Japan has created a very avant-garde collection focusing on texture. Last to show were Staple for the cool kids, run by fashion stu-dents and interns in the heart of London. Every piece they produce is a one off individual with all material sourced privately and exclusively to the brand.

Every table had a free bottle of bubbly, and everyone seemed to be really enjoying themselves. The only thing was the rain! Dur-ing the night it did start to get gradually wetter and wetter but we were all lucky enough to get inside by the time it absolutely poured it down. After the fash-ion show there were live perfor-

mances from Brother co. and Issy Wood which were met with a lively crowd. The event was very busy and had a great atmosphere.

Audience getting ready for the show

Clockwise from left: Joanna Leigh Nor-tons designs, Wynter giving a speech, An-other of Joanna Leigh Nortons designs, Crystal Mcfarlanes design, Joanna Leigh Norton, Audience, Crystal Mcfarlanes design, Crystal Mcfarlane herself, Jonna Leigh Nortons models, The venue

Clockwise from top left: Radhinna giving a short speech, One of Radhinnas designs, Staple for the cool kids, Audience, Crystal Mcfarlanes design, Lilla Ballasz, Imzy

Among those attending were fashion/creative students along with industry profes-sionals which made it a great place for networking. “ It was a special night for everybody and especially for others who gained chances they may have not got otherwise” says Wynt-er Heayes, event organiser. Will she be holding any more events in the future? “Yes! Definitely intend to for the meanwhile”.

Looks like this event might have brought some new collabo-rations, and a future fashion industry professional in the making…. Watch this space!

Left, Staple for the cool kids, above, Radhinna

P H O T O G R A P H Y A N D S T Y L I N G B Y H A N N A H B R O U G H T O N

M O D E L S T E F A N Y F R Y

T H E C L A S H

C H A M P A G N EP H O T O G R A P H Y A N D S T Y L I N G

B Y H A N N A H B R O U G H T O N

M O D E L A L I C E T O B I A

B L O W N A W A YP H O T O G R A P H Y A N D S T Y L I N G B Y H A N N A H B R O U G H T O N

M O D E L S J A D E H A S B R O U C K A N D N A T A L I E B R I T T O N

A N O T H E R

T R I B EP H O T O G R A P H Y A N D S T Y L I N G H A N N A H B R O U G H T O N

H A I R A N D M A K E - U P K A I L A S H S A W Y E R

M O D E L A N U S H K A K A N D O L A

B R I S T O LThis month I decided to see what Bristol had to offer in terms of style, fashion and excitement. Bristol is a rela-tively big city known for its graffiti and street art as a result of home grown artist Banksy. It is also the birth place of popular teen drama Skins, as well as trip hop bands such as Massive Attack, Portishead and Tricky. Looking around Bristol there are a lot of well dressed people about, but most of them casual. In fact as cities go Bristol is a relaxed one. It’s a very pretty city, with a lot to offer, from it’s di-verse night life to its range of independant cafe’s dot-ted around the centre. Here’s just some of what Bristol has to offer...

S T Y L EB S 8

BS8 is an independent vintage shop situated on Bristol’s Park street. It sells vintage clothes and local/smaller brands. This shop is the perfect go to if you want original stand out clothing, with its mix of vintage print shirts, customised jackets and bespoke accessories. With prices being very affordable BS8 is a favourite among the Bristol students.

S T R E E TS T Y L E

Fashionable people! Spotted on Park street and Gloucester road

Graffiti is such a big part of Bristol. The cen-tre is full of street art, you can’t walk far without seeing some form of graf-fiti.

Above- Gloucester road, Left- Park street

There was once a time being ‘green’ stood out; when a nod towards reducing your carbon-footprint was all it took to be hailed as an environmentally-friend-ly alternative. Those days have passed. Environmen-tal legislation now ensures that all businesses meet certain regulatory standards, reducing the impact that a sustainability policy can have on a brand. This does not mean, however, that businesses should dismiss sustainability as an out of date marketing tool. In fact, from a purely commercial perspective, it has never been so important to prove your envi-ronmental credentials.

Darren Hall is the director of environmental charity and momentum group the Green Capital Partner-ship. He specialises in advising companies on simple changes they can make to reduce their carbon foot-print, and well understands the value of sustainable business. He explains how it is still vitally important for companies to engage with these issues, for eco-nomic as well environmental reasons: “Consumers are beginning to demand a certain level of commitment from businesses when it comes to the environment. They are much more clued-up on what they can expect in terms of sustainability.”

And the fashion industry has not failed to notice. From designer labels to high street stores, environ-mental brands and sustainable ranges are springing up like wildfire, along with directory websites to point eager eco-warriors in the right direction.  Whatever the motives behind this new trend, wheth-er they be philanthropic or purely commercial, it is good news for the environment. At the top end of

the market, Gucci’s Creative Director Frida Gian-nini has designed a new sustainable line of signature handbags, in cooperation with the Green Carpet Challenge (GCC). The GCC brand was introduced in 2009 by Livia Firth, Creative Director at Eco Age, and Lucy Siegle, British environmental journalist, with the aim of raising the profile of ethics in the global fashion industry. Gucci told reporters: “By introducing the world’s first bags certified as zero deforestation from Amazon leather, the Floren-tine House furthers its commitment towards eco-logical consciousness.” In addition to this, a 50,000 euro donation will be made to the National Wildlife Federation, who work to promote deforestation-free Brazilian leathers. And, as always, where high fash-ion leads the high street will follow. Many of these lower priced stores are introducing environmentally-friendly ranges and addressing issues in the manu-facturing process. H&M, for example, has switched to using organic cotton, and in March launched the Conscious Collection. This range includes pieces made from organic cotton, eco-friendly Tencel and recycled textiles, and has already gained a fan in famous stars like Natalie Portman. The pieces are not much more expensive than H&M’s usual clothes and offer a great alternative for green-minded con-sumers. Additionally, by reducing its water usage by using rain water to rinse its garments and control-ling the use of harmful chemicals in some of its baby clothing, H&M has been certified by the EU flower eco-label.

C A N G R E E N B EHarriet Gordon investigates Britains throw away attitude to fashion, and asks whos doing there bit to make fashion greener...

Yet, despite these efforts to improve their environ-mental credentials, the very business model H&M is built around is itself destructive to the planet. It, and many other high street shops, work on very small profit margins, but sell a huge amount of stock. They work on a culture of fast fashion, of disposable clothes that are cheap to buy and quick to be replaced.

And the impact of fast fashion on the environment cannot be denied. As consumers, we buy about two million tonnes of clothes every year, one fifth of which is bought from fast fashion brands such as Pri-mark. Off course the clothes are imported from half way around the world, from countries such as China and Bangladesh in particular, giving each garment an enormous carbon footprint.   Yet with the incredibly cheap rates of manufacturing in these countries, there is little chance of seeing this change. The real problem comes from the one million tonnes of clothes are thrown away every year, with 50 percent of that total ending up in a landfill. Each gar-ment has a huge cost to the environment, but is only worn once or twice, before another piece, with an equally huge carbon footprint, is bought. 

With this in mind, I saw an article on Chictopia recently encouraging its visitors to 'declutter' their wardrobes. Fair enough, I thought - drawers do easily become rammed with old underwear, holey socks, jeans that haven't fitted for the last three years... But as I read on, I become less convinced and more dis-mayed at what this 'fashion guru' was suggesting.

F A S H I O N A B L E ?

Illustration by Alice Tobia

For example:  “Sure, that vintage dress might seem super cool, but why haven’t you worn it lately? Get rid of anything that you haven’t worn in the last 6-12 months.”

Really? The last six to twelve months doesn't even span the course of a year; what about those perfectly wearable winter clothes that just aren't suitable for the warmer seasons? It is exactly this sort of message coming from the fashion world that is encouraging the growth of a ‘throwaway society’ in Britain. 

Anyone in the fashion industry would tell you that trends come back around. It's as if the decades are on a revolving conveyor belt. If vintage is such a core trend, why not encourage people to hang on to their clothes? Maybe this is unrealistic; people generally can't keep clothes for years just in case they come back into style. But to actively encourage you to reject clothes, simply because they haven't been worn in a few months? And to suggest that throwing away these garments will somehow wash away the old, undesirable you, revealing a shining new image to match your style icons? According to the arti-cle, the more you throw away, 'the more space you have for letting your style grow and yourself shine’. Perhaps; that is until you fill your wardrobe again with the next batch ‘fashion forward’ clothes, which will have an equally short shelf life before they fall out of style. Of course, you cannot really blame the fashion industry (or any industry for that matter) for encouraging the consumer to keep on buying. Yet doing it in this way, by suggesting it isn't about them making money but more about you 'refreshing your life', is such an obvious marketing ploy that it's almost insulting.

However, I am not writing this article from an anti-comsumerist perspective; my concern today is the impact these messages are having on the environ-ment. The piece on Chictopia does recommend donating your clothes to a charity; yet this isn't really the point. The real problem is the throw-away attitude it, and much of the fashion industry, pro-motes. And how many people really will bother to visit their local Oxfam? And even if they do, how much of the stock in charity shops really gets bought

and reused? For example, a large Salvation Army shop will process 5 tons of used clothing every day, yet only about 11,000 items ever make it to the resale shop. A Salvation Army's area manager, Ian Harri-son, says the quality of clothing donated to its stores has dropped in recent years: 

"If it's not good enough to be worn, we sell it to clothing traders around the world to be utilised as rag, or sent to landfill." Clearly, it is not simply the manufacturing and distribution processes of the fashion industry that are causes of concern for the environment. It is the throwaway attitude that stores often promote that poses a far more significant issue. This disposable approach to fashion permeates throughout society, spreading its reach far beyond the factories, lorries and shops of the industry. 

All things considered, it is easy to be pessimistic when it comes to the future of our planet. With recent dramatic examples of climate change, along with Attenborough’s images of polar bears in dis-tress, it can seem like we are fighting a losing bat-tle. Yet change is not brought about by everybody gazing solemnly at the global picture. It happens by individual people, companies and industries focussing on what they can do to improve their own impact on the world. Businesses need to make a profit; that is a fact that will not change. Yet with the promising environmen-tal developments being seen in both the high-end and high-street sectors, it seems the fashion industry is beginning to take stock of its impact on the planet. Of course there will be new issues that arise and there is always more to be done, with the problem of our ‘throwaway’ society remaining unsolved. Never-theless, I think it is fair to say that there is a green-tinted light on the fashion world’s horizon.

Words by Harriet Gordon

The quest for good skin is a personal voyage that many of us find a challenge. Some are blessed with beautifully matt flawless skin but can still make their skin look dull by choosing the wrong shade of foundation. A good healthy lifestyle, drinking water and good skin care alone can do the trick for most but the real knack to having great looking skin can be achieved with makeup and supported with SPF – sun protec-tion factor. We are lucky that make up ingredients are now so advanced. You can completely change the appear-ance of dry skin with a moisturising illuminating formula, whereas only 20 years or so ago foundation finishes were generally matt and heavy with a yel-low undertone. We now have BB (aka Blemish Balm creams) which combine a number of important ingredients and time saving steps, from SPF, primer and moisturiser and finished off with a hint of col-our. It's truly a inspiring time in the make up world, but don't be fooled by advertising! If all the products that claimed to rid you of acne and wrinkles really existed we wouldn't have acne or wrinkles would we?So how do you choose what’s right for you?The first thing to take into consideration is your skin type, whether it be oily, combination, dry, normal or somewhere in the middle and shop with this in mind. Lots of brands now make ranges specifically for these skin types. Revlon have brought out all their new foundations in normal/dry or oily/combi-nation which can make choosing the right product so much easier! Clinique’s anti-redness anti-blemish primers, foundations and powders are the result of years of research. Most important of all is to test a foundation and see how it works with your own skin’s chemistry and has the look and feel you require. My own skin is oily acne prone and one of my big-gest vices is loose powder! The thing about oil is it

HATES FOUNDATION! No matter what founda-tion you’re wearing eventually the oil in your skin will break through and for this reason I love loose powder as it a) looks flawless and b) gives your foun-dation a bit longer before skin begins to look oily!

If you have dry skin or combination skin with dry areas, trying to find a moisturiser that soothes isn't too difficult but these are usually oily and you can end up with the same problem as someone with oily skin. I'd recommend using a really good mois-turiser or serum for dry areas, such as La Roche Posay HYDRAPHASE INTENSE RICHE Inten-sive Hydrating Moisturiser for Dry Skin. If you are lucky enough to have quite a normal skin tone just be aware that sometimes the balance can become uneven when your skin is dehydrated, become dryer in colder climates and oilier at certain times of the month. Achieving normal skin is about maintaining a balance If you are affected by skin problems don't do anything too radical to your skin such as using harsh or incredibly oily products as this could make getting back to normal take much longer. Some mi-nor adjustments to your makeup routine may be all that’s needed – for example using a loose or pressed powder in your oily areas or a more moisturising primer under your chosen foundation will bring life back to your skin.For more advice or guidance I would highly recom-mend checking out Lisa Eldridge. A highly respected makeup artist who knows the cosmetic business inside out, she has lots of information on skin care and foundations on her brilliant website www.lisael-dridge.comAnd remember, the most important thing is to be happy in the skin your in!

S K I N C A R E S E C R E T SNatalie Britton talks us through her personal skin troubles, how she deals with them, and how you can deal with yours! The answers are simpler than you think....

Clinique redness solutions corrector£17.00Imediately neautralises red skin. as well as soothing the irratability

Revlon Colorstay for combination skin foundation£12.49 Boots

La Roche Posay Lipikar for dry to extremely dry skin£11.75 Loyds Pharmacy

Skin Vitamin rich cleanser for Oily skinGently removes make up and impurities£7.33 Boots

Palmer’s Cocoa Butter Formula Daily Calming Facial Lotion 100ml£5.95 Feelunique.com

Origins Brighter by Nature skin tone correcting makeup SPF 30£25.00

P R O D U C T O FB E A U T Y

On 7th November 2012, Barack Obama tweeted a picture of himself hugging his wife, Michelle, with the caption ‘Four more years.’ The tweet was to mark his winning another term as the President of the United States. Within hours, 817,000 people had re-tweeted his picture, making it the most re-tweeted tweet ever.It was a momentous day for many; Barack Obama and his family, The Democratic Party, 311 million US citizens (or the 51% of voters who backed Oba-ma).

It was also a great day for online retailer ASOS. For a reasonable £55, women across the globe bought into the occasion, and the red and white chequered dress Michelle was wearing in the picture sold out world-wide. Three months later, the dress came back into stock, following re-production and quickly sold out again.

Social media made its mark for the first time dur-ing New York Fashion Week, 2013, with top fashion accounts live tweeting from the shows, and Badgley Mischka and Bergdorf Goodman previewing their collections on Pinterest. Even professional photog-raphers were using Instagram. A once small event reserved for insiders and big names became accessi-ble by everyone, with shows streaming live.

During London fashion week, when asked what she loves most about her career, the young supermodel Cara Delevingne replied, 'the clothes'. Everyday celebrities are sent garments from international fashion houses and new emerging brands. Whilst a designer used to dream of featuring on the cover of Vogue, they now hope that Rihanna will post a pic-

ture of herself on Instagram wearing their product - advertising gold that money can’t buy.

As a result of social media allowing the ‘average’ person a sneak peek into the fashion world, aspir-ing journalists, stylists, designers, photographers have taken up blogging as means to break into the industry. One million new blogs come online every month, that’s two new blogs each second, making it hard to stand out from the crowd. Lookbook.nu attracts around 1 million unique users per month. Set up in 2008, by Yuri Lee, from San Francisco, it is easily one of the most influential fashion blogs in the world, being christened 'the Digg.com for fashion insiders.' The premise of the site is that users post images of their outfits, which are rated, and the most popular feature on the site. Many models, design-ers and stylists have been spotted on Lookbook and have gone on to make big names for themselves.

A common argument surrounding the rise of social media is it's contribution to the demise of traditional journalism. But does it stop there? Generation X and Y now consider advertising passé, preferring instead to follow the trends of celebrities and fashion blog-gers online. Research has shown that 14% of Ameri-cans don’t trust adverts, while 90% do trust peer rec-ommendations. Equally, fashion brands across the globe have noted this change in pace and are turning to social media as their primary marketing tool.

But is it wrong to assume that any publicity is good publicity?

When a tragic mass shooting occurred inside

H A S S O C I A L N E T W O R K I N GBrands now take to blogging and social networking to advertise there products, but does that make it easier to slip up....

a movie theatre in Aurora, Colorado, last July, thousands of people posted on Twitter sending their heartfelt condolences to the 12 killed and 58 injured. One fashion brand however, mistook this as an opportunity to advertise one of their dresses. Celeb-Boutique.com, an online retailer based in the UK posted this tweet, hours after the event;

“#Aurora is trending, clearly about our Kim K in-spired #Aurora dress ;)”

When Neal Mann, the Social Media Editor of the Wall Street Journal, picked up on the tweet, and replied in-front of his audience of 62,000 follow-ers, the butterfly effect ensued. Twitter users across the globe reacted in dismay, and the fashion house's reputation, which took years to build, was disman-tled in a matter of minutes.

Social media has distinguished the 21st century as the 'information era,' with brands tapping into its enormous potential and the fashion industry is no exception to this trend. In just a few short years, Twitter, and other social media channels have given fashion a serious makeover. As Erick Qualman, author of best-selling book, 'Socialnomics,' said, 'We don’t have a choice on whether we DO social media, the question is how well we do it.'

G I V E N F A S H I O N A M A K E -O V E R ?

Words by Anushka Kandola

The famous four more years tweet from Barack Obama