rels 205 lecture 3.1 religious traditions
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Rels 205 Lecture 3.1 Religious Traditions. Lecture Outline for Part One of Rels 205.01. Week 1 Lecture 1 What is “Religion”? Lecture 2 Studying “Religion” Week 2 Lecture 1 Ritual and the Study of Religion Lecture 2 Religious and Secular Traditions Week 3 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Lecture Outline for Part One of Rels 205.01
Week 1Lecture 1 What is “Religion”?Lecture 2 Studying “Religion”Week 2Lecture 1 Ritual and the Study of ReligionLecture 2 Religious and Secular Traditions
Week 3Lecture 1 Religious TraditionsLecture 2 InstitutionsWeek 4Lecture 1 The Meaning of MythLecture 2 Sacred SentimentsWeek 5Lecture 1 Changing WorldviewsLecture 2 ReviewWeek 6 Reading WeekWeek 7Lecture 1 First in class test
Tradition
“Tradition: that which is handed down or passed on from the past as distinct from modern ideas and theories.”
Great and Little Traditions
Robert Redfield (1897-1958)
Little traditionsExperiential
Oral
Great traditionsIntellectual
Written
Christianity 520,000,000
Islam 205,000,000
Hinduism 210,000,000
Buddhism 50,000,000
African 157,000,000
Sikhism 10,000,000Judaism 10,000,000
Confucian 240,000,000
World Religions 1905
Christianity 2.1 billion
Buddhism 374,000,000
Chinese religions 394,000,000
Christianity 2.1 billion
Islam 1.2 billion
Sikhs 23,000,000
Jews 14,000,000Mormons 10,000,000
African 100,000,000
World Religions 2005
Hinduism 9.000,000
Primal Experiences
Primal experiences are fundamental spiritual experiences that shape our sense of the sacred
Ancestral Religions
Ancestral religions are religions that are directly based on primal experiences involving things like the ancestors and healing.
Primal Experiences and Ancestral Traditions
Primal Experiences
DreamsVisions
PropheciesHealings
RevelationsMiraclesVoicesGhosts
Primal Traditions
African ReligionsConfucianism
Native American TraditionsShamanism
New ReligionsRevitalization Movements
Yogic Religions
Yogic religions are spiritual traditions based on the practice of one of the many forms of yoga. Yogic doctrines include: karma, the wheel of existence, and some form of transmigration or reincarnation.
Yoga
In the West yoga is associated with physical exercises and particular postures used in meditation. Actually yoga is a Sanskrit term meaning “to yoke” and is used to describe various processes of spiritual discipline or harnessing of physical and mental powers to attain self-control and ultimate enlightenment.
Yogic Traditions
Jain Traditions
Hindu Traditions
Buddhist Traditions
Early Indianreligions andIndus valley
culture.
Hindu Traditions
Early Hindu religion
Religions of devotionBhakti
Philosophical Schools
Indus valley religion
Hara Krishna etc.Vedanta etc..
Abramic Religions
Abramic religions trace their ancestry to the patriarch Abraham. The major religions in this grouping are Christianity, Islam and Judaism.
Abramic Religious Tradition
ChristianityTRANSITION
Hebrew Religion
Judaism
African and other Judaisms
70-250
70+
CE
Islam
BC 70-250AD 250-700AD 1785
Modernity
Jewish Religious Traditions
TalmudicJudaism
TRANSITION
Hebrew Religion Classical
Judaism
Reformed
OrthodoxHasidic
Ethnic
African and other Judaisms
70-250
ZIONISM
C19 - Present
BC 70-25 250-900 900-1700 CE 1700-Present AD
The Christian Tradition
EARLY
CHURCH
Coptic, Syriac, Indian, and other smaller traditions
Eastern Orthodoxy – Greek, Russian, etc.
Roman Catholicism
Protestantism
Charismatic Movement1520
1965
Nestorians etc.
African and other Christian Movements
0-400 1500 1965 AD
The Islamic Tradition
Early IslamMuhammad
(571-632)
Sunni Islam – Egypt, Turkey
Shiite Islam – Iran -KhomeniQarmatins - Tunisia Egypt
Wahhabis Saudi Arabia
Ahamadiya India
Ismaili Shia Islam () Aga KahnDruzes 10th C Lebanon Israel
Kharijtes - Yemen and Oman
BM 571-632 700- 765 900 1750 1889 1967 AD
The Yogic-Islamic Traditions
Yogic Religions
Islamic Traditions
Bahai (1844) Iran
Sikhism (1500) Punjab, India
Subud (1933) Java
Canadian Religious Affiliation 1881-2001
0
5000000
10000000
15000000
20000000
25000000
30000000
P C N E Y J M
P = PopulationC = Western ChristianN = Nones ?E = Eastern ChristianY = Yogic: Buddhist+Hindu+SikhM = Islam
Blue = 1991; Brown = 1981; Green = 1881
CND Religious Affiliation as % of Population 1991 &1891
0102030
405060708090
100
Christian None Other
1991
1891
Eastern Christian-Muslim Affiliation 1991
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
Red = Eastern ChristianGreen = Muslim
Millennialism defined
Any religious movement that hopes for salvation that is:
(a)collective, to be enjoyed by all the faithful as a group;
(b) terrestrial, to be realized on this earth;
(c) imminent, to come soon and suddenly;
(d) total, to transform life on earth completely;
(e) miraculous, to be brought about by, or with the help of, supernatural agencies.
Traditional Eschatology Post-Millenialism
Eschatology = study of the last things
Post-Millenialism = Christ returns after the millennium
Key Post- Millennial Ideas
1) Preach gospel of the Kingdom of God2) Establish the Kingdom3) World is getting better4) Christ returns at the end of time5) The Church is the new Israel
Key A-Millennial Ideas
1) All doctrines must be based on clear Biblical statements.
2) The Bible uses many different forms of languagee.g. poetic, historical, prophetic, prose, etc.
3) The Bible teaches Christ will return.
4) The Bible teaches Christians to live in the expectationof Christ’s return.
5) There are no clear teachings about when Christ willreturn or how this is going to take place.
Key Pre-Millennial Ideas
1) Preach the gospel of salvation2) Save souls3) World is getting worse4) Christ’s return is imminent5) The State of Israel fulfils Biblical prophecy