remedial teaching strategies
TRANSCRIPT
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Collected by:Eman Awad El-Sawy
REMEDIAL TEACHING
STRATEGIES
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1. Definition Of Learning Difficulties.2. Types Of Learning Disabilities.3. The Relationship Between Academic Learning Disabilities &
Non-academic(developmental).4. The Difference Between Learning Disabilities, Slow Learning
And Under-achievement.5. How To Recognize Learning Disabilities(Criteria).6. Language learning disabilities.7. Causing Factors For Language Learning Disabilities.8. Some Remedial Methods For Language Learning Disabilities.9. The Treatment Of Academic Reading Disabilities.10. Remedial Teaching Strategies.
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1-Definition:-
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“Specific learning disability” means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations
Federal Definition ofSpecific Learning Disabilities
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In Federal law, under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the term is “specific learning disability,” one of 13 categories of disability under that law.
“Learning Disabilities” is an “umbrella” term describing a number of other, more specific learning disabilities, such as dyslexia and dysgraphia.
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2- Classification and types of learning disabilities
2)Developmental or non-academic learning disabilities
1)Academic learning disabilities
Primary secondary
a) Attention
b) Perception
c) Memory
A-Thinking
B-Oral language
C-Solving problems
Dyscalculia Dysgraphia Dyslexia
Language Processing Disorder
Dyspraxia Executive Functioning
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3- The relationship between developmental learning difficulties and
academic learning difficulties:-
A major role/ Prominent role. Cause and effect. High correlation (90 %).
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4- The Difference Between Learning Disabilities, Slow learning and Under-achievement:-
Their behavior
Developmental
Problems
Academic level
Education IQ cause criteria
NormalHyperactiveAggressiveIndolenceDispersion
Limited learn necessary academic skills, but at rate and depth below average same age peers. Continually Repeats exams in the weakness subject
Needs special education services Like the sources room and individual teaching
Average or above
From 90 to above
A small cerebral damage in a particular part in the brain.(Genetic)
Learning Disability
Adaptive failure in one or more of daily life skills like: dealing with individuals or daily life situations
Wide clear reduction in all subjects .Don’t continue to universityContinually Repeats exams more than once in most subjects
Inside normal classrooms with some modifications in the curriculum to suit his abilities
Less than average, But doesn’t reach mental retardation
From 70 to 84
An injury or damage in more than a part in the brain that Causes weakness in some of the Genetic mental abilities.
Slow learning
suffers from Permanent depression and frustration from the repeated failure experiences.
No clear reduction in all subjects especially the ones that need The presence of mindContinually Repeats exams in most subjects.
Inside normal classrooms ,but his case should be studied by the social worker, needs some lessons.
Average or above
From 90 to above
Neglection that results from environmental and family problems .Not genetic or mental retardation
Under Achievement
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5- Criteria for recognizing learning disabilities:-
A. Spacing.B. Elimination (Exclusion).C. Special Education.D. Problems associated with maturity.E. Organic Signs.
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6- language learning difficulties:-
A- Reading disability (dyslexia):
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke defines reading disability or dyslexia as follows: "Dyslexia is a brain-based type of learning disability that specifically impairs a person's ability to read. These individuals typically read at levels significantly lower than expected despite having normal intelligence. Although the disorder varies from person to person,
*definition:
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Social causes: Low social level Psychological causes: fear Mental causes: low ability to perceive and imagine. Physical causes: auditory and visual weaknesso Other causes.
B- writing disability.
*causes:
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There are 28 reading difficulties:
Pronunciation (13)
1- word by word reading2-Wrong pronunciation of phrases3-wrong pronunciation4-Omissions5-Repition6-Inversions or Reversal7-not knowing vowel sounds8-not knowing consonant sounds9-Substitution10- Insertions11-Basic sight words12-Guessing13-Moving the lips while reading
recognition
Weakness in structural analysis
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Inability to
Understanding
1-Inability to understand text gestures2-Inability to make contractions3-Weakness in understanding4-Inability to remember5-Weakness in the sequence of events6-Weakness in remembering written
Difficulties regarding speed
of reading
1-Low rate of speed
2-Speed at the expense of accuracy3-Skimming
4-Inability to co-ordinate between speed and the difficulty of the material
Skills of using dictionaries
and searching for
information
1-Low skills of using a dictionary.
2-Inability to determine the right source of information
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7- Causing factors of language learning disabilities:
1) Organic causes.2) Environmental causes.3) Educational causes.4) Inner psychological reasons.5) Functional reasons.
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8- Some methods of the treatment of learning disabilities:
1) Dialogue.2) Doing some experiments3) Using scientific discoveries4) The use of models and maquettes5) Using pictures6) Using mazes7) Using stories8) Treatment based on the use of realism9) Search / teach tutoring approach
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9- Treatment of academic reading difficulties:
I. Functional treatment.II. General remedial programs: Treatment methods:
1-Using sounds.2-Using prefixes and suffixes.3-Verbalizing-visualizing.
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10- Remedial Teaching Strategies:a. Individual teaching.b. Direct teaching.c. The multiplicity of the senses strategy.d. Fernald method.e. Orton- Gill Ingham.f. Auditory verbal therapy.g. Writing for reading.h. Trial and error learning.i. Skills training model.j. Skills training model.
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Individual Teaching
It means that a teacher teaches one student at one time or the teacher skill to take into account individual differences among learners.
It doesn’t mean that the learner has to work alone. Its purpose is to get closer to the students as possible. Schools can achieve this strategy by: Using computers or peers or small groups teaching or Independent study…..etc.
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Directed Teaching/ Mastery Learning: It focuses on achieving the learning outcomes by
concentrating on direct skills which is related to the outcomes.
For example: Multiplication table. Steps: 1-accurately determine the outcomes. 2-directly measure the students performance. 3-Analysing and arranging the elements. 4-Give enough time. 5-Giving feedback. 6- directing the students to practice till perfection 7- showing students performance data in suitable charts and diagrams.
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Writing for reading Strategy
Modern program. Through personal experience. Children find it easy to read a word which they gathered
its letters. For example: A picture of a train. Steps of writing for reading strategy(steps-ten units-Three words).
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