RENAISSANCE

Architecture –the 4 R’s of Renaissance Architecture Rome – studied and tried to emulate Roman

architecture Rules – followed rules when planning and

building Reason – they developed based on theories

based on science, math and engineering ‘Rithmetic – used mathematical formulas to

produce structures that had beauty and harmony

Brunelleschi

Brunelleschi, Pazzi Chapel, 1440-61

Interior of Pazzi Chapel

Brunelleschi, Dome on the Florence Cathedral, 1419-1436

Dome from the outside

Brunelleschi’s dome interior

Palladio

Palladio, Villa Rotonda, 1550-1556

Palladio, Villa Rotonda , front angle

Architectural drawing of Villa Rotonda

Masaccio

Masaccio, Holy Trinity, 1425, fresco, 21 feet 9 inches X 9 feet 4 inches, Florence

Masaccio, The Tribute Money, 1427, fresco, Florence

Donatello

Donatello, David, 1430-40, Bronze, 5ft 2 1/2 inches , Florence.

Polykeitos, Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), 450-440 BC

Andrea del Verrocchio

Andrea del Verroccio, David, 1470, bronze, 49 inches, Florence

Botticelli

Botticelli, Birth of Venus, 1482, Tempera on Canvas, Florence

Bottecelli, Primavera (Spring), 1481, Tempera on Wood, Florence.

Leonardo Da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci, sketchbook page, c. 1510

Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper, 1495, fresco, Milan.

Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa, 1503-06,

Michelangelo

Michelangelo, Pieta, 1498-150, Marble, 5 feet 8 ½ inches, Rome

Michelangelo

Michelangelo, David, 1501-04, Marble, 13 feet 5 inches , Florence

Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel Ceiling, 1508-12, Fresco, Rome.

Michelangelo, Creation of Adam (Sistine Chapel), 1508-12, Fresco, Rome

Raphael

Raphael, School of Athens, 1510-11, Fresco, Rome

Northern Renaissance

These artists did not look to Classical Greek and Roman for inspiration, rather they looked to nature and representing it realistically

Their themes focused on religion and everyday scenes that included the everyday citizens, not only the rich and influential

Often used oil (easier to blend since the paint dried slower)

Jan Van Eyck

Jan Van Eyck, Arnolfini Wedding, 1434, Oil on Wood, London

Hieronymous Bosch

Bosch, Garden of Earthly Delights, 1500, Oil on Wood, Madrid

German Renaissance

Although the Germans lagged behind for a period of time, eventually they caught up to the rest of Europe in the Renaissance

Particularly known for their contributions to printmaking

Albrecht Dürer

Albrecht Dürer, Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, 1497-98, Woodcut, New York.

Albrecht Dürer, Melencolia, 1514, Engraving

Mannerism

Artists of the time abandoned the representation of realism rooted in nature

They exaggerated features and tried to represent instability rather than perfection

Figures twist oddly and bodies are distorted (usually elongated)

Parmigianino

Parmigianino, Madonna With the Long Neck, 1535, Oil on Panel, Florence.

Giambologna

Giambologna, Mercury, 1576, Bronze, 24 1/8 inches , Florence

Spanish Renaissance

Sometimes argued that the Spanish Renaissance could be more Mannerist

Country was in the grips of a religious struggle (Inquisition was happening)

El Greco

El Greco, Resurrection of Christ, 1597-1610, Oil on Canvas, Madrid