1.THEINDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE (ITDI)Our Business is Industry

2. Research & Research &TechnologyTechnologyDevelopmentDevelopmentTransferTransferTechnicalTechnical ServicesServices 3. Food Processing Materials National Metrology Laboratory, OD,Science Environment & BiotechnologyODD, PMISD, FMD, ADM ITDI Divisional Buildings at DOST Compound Chemicals & Energy Standards and TestingInformation & DocumentationPackaging Technology Technological Services (TSD) 4. PILOT PLANTS & OTHER FACILITIESPILOT PLANTS & OTHER FACILITIES Jatropha Processing andAnalytical /Testing Facilities Activated Carbon Plant Biomass-fed gasifier and bolierBioreactor facility Biogas Digester Food Enterprise ModulesNon-food Enterprise ModulesCentralized Hazardous WasteHandling FacilityMaterials Processing (Ceramics,Polymers, Composites, InorganicMinerals)Lab Scale Two Stage AerobicWastewater System 5. R&D LABORATORIES R&D LABORATORIES Chemical Sensors Lab Fuels /Petroleum Lab Paints Lab Microbiology Lab Food Lab Electronic Nose andTongue Lab Plastics Testing &Processing Lab Surface Coatings Lab MaterialsCharacterization LabInorganic & OrganicChemicals LabsPharmaceuticals Lab Metrology Lab 6. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY PROGRAMSENVIRONMENTALTERNATIVE& NATURALENERGYBIOTECH RESOURCES Increased productivityAGRICULTUREGlobally& FOOD SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECTORS competitive products & services MANUFACTURINGHEALTHNANOTECHNOLOGY& PRODUCTION 7. TECHNOLOGYAWARENESS AND OPERATION OF DENSIFIER 8. PANGANGASIWA NG BASURA:ANG KAHALAGAHAN SA TAO ATKALIKASAN8 9. MGA LAYUNIN NG PAGPAPAHAYAG Pagpapaintindi na may mga malalaking dahilanpara pangangasiwaan ang mga basura. Pagpapahayag sa lawak ng problema ng basuraat ang negatibong epekto nito sa tao at kalikasan. Pagpapabago ng pananaw tungkol sa basura. Pag-aaral sa mga simpleng paraan ng pangangasiwang basura. Ang RA 9003 lokal na ordinansa at adhikain 9 10. Mga Dahilan ng Pagdami ng Basura Paglaki ng populasyon Pagdami at paglaki ng mga industriya at manufactura Urbanisasyon Modernisasyon Pag-unlad ng teknolohiya at paglaki ng global napopulasyon kung saan tumataas ang pangangailangantulad ng pakain na siyang tumutumbas sa pagtaas ngbasura na being generated daily by each household. 11. Mapang-abusongPaggamit ng natural resources 12. Laganap na paggamit ng mgabagay na di nabubulok! 13. PANGKARANIWANG RESULTA SA HINDI MAAYOS NA PAGTATAPON NG BASURA BACKYARD AND INDOOR DUMPING When burning plastic many toxic chemicals are emitted to the atmosphere.WATER/SEA DUMPINGMight have a worse effect on some marine mammals if theyswallowed whole or otherwise it might also choke waterwaysand small channels more.River ChannelsLITTERING CAN EFFECT BOTH ONLAND, AIR AND IN BODIES OF WATER- Will persist in the environment for hundreds of year- Chemical can leach from the plastic and enter water/animalswhich we both consume- Chemicals can then enter our bodies and persist there for many 13years 14. BASURA, PANDAIGDIGANGPROBLEMA! 15. BASURA AT KAHIRAPANBASURA AT KARANGYAAN 16. NEGATIBONG EPEKTO NGBASURASA KAPALIGIRANSA PAGBABAGO NG KLIMASA HAYOPSA KALUSUGAN NG TAO 16 17. Landfill/Open dumpsites Methane and other greenhouse gasses sa Kapaligiran Ang pagbuo ng methane gas, isa sa mga greenhousegases, resulta ng kemikal reaksyon ng basura sa lupa Pagbabago ng klima at pagkasira ng ozone layer dala ngpatuloy na pagtaas ng carbon dioxide at ibanggreenhouse gases Nagpaparumi at sumisira sa kapaligiran dahilan sa hindimaayos na pagtatapon; Leaching: ay isang prosessokung saan ang basura ay sumasama sa lupa at tubig na siyang dahilan ng kontaminasyon Polusyon at kontamindong water systems17 18. Increasing the greenhouse gases are causing the temperatureto rise and are likely to increase the frequency and severity ofweather such as heat wave and heavy rainfall 18 19. GLOBAL WARMING AT PAGBABAGO NG KLIMA Sobrang init ay maaring maging sanhi ng kasiraan at kamatayan.Tamang init ay mahalagapara sa mundo Minimize the amount of carbon and other greenhouse gases like methane,tropospheric ozone and nitrous oxide Carbon dioxide found in the air can be prevented if there are enough trees toabsorb these harmful gases19 20. Methane and other greenhouse gassesLandfill/Open dumpsites20 21. Greenhouse gasses 21 22. Sa taas ng temperaturaposibleng maranasan natin angsobrang init, kakulangan ngoxygen, tag-tuyot, taglamig atiba pang-kalamidad 22 23. sa Kalusugan ng Tao Paghinga ng nakakalasong kemikal Ang hindi nakolektang basura ang bumabara sapagdaloy ng tubig na siyang dahilan ng pagbaha Mababang birth weight Kanser Congenital malformations Neurological disease 24. sa mga Hayop Pagtaas ng mercury level sa mga anyong tubig dalang di maayos na pagtapon ng mga mercury Pagdami ng plastic sa karagatan at pagkabulok nitoay nagkakalat ng mga toxic particles na lumalasonsa lupa at sa katubigan at aksidenteng nakakain ngmga ibon, isda at iba pang kahayupan. Pagtaas ng algal polusyon na lumalason sa mgailog at sa mga hayop. Pagkasira ng mga tirahan ng hayop mapa-tubig atlupa 24 25. Ang pagkabulok ng plastic ay nagkakalat ng mga toxicparticles na lumalason sa lupa at sa katubigan, ataksidenteng nakakain ng mga kahayupan. Daan-daang libong hayop-dagat ay namamatay taon- taon dahil sa pagkain ng mga tinatapon na basura. 26. Tambak na basura sa PacificOcean 27. Mga peste na nagdadala ng mga sakit dahil sabasura at maduming kapaligiranLamok IpisLangawDaga 27 28. LAMOK Malaria EncephalitisYellowFeverDengue Fever Elephantiasis28 29. LANGAW Typhoid Fever Poliomyelitis Cholera Intestinal WormsDysenteryOphthalmiaSummer Diarrhea AnthraxTubercolosis29 30. DAGA Trichinosis Bubonic plagueChorio-LeptoSepticaemicMeningitis plaguePnuemonic plagueFood Poisoning Sylvatic plagueInfectious Jaundice or Murine TuphusWeils Disease Fever 30 31. IPIS Can cause asthmaHarborCan be a carrierof bacteria-viruses such salmonella,as polio virusstaphylococcus and streptococcusTyphoid Dysenteryleprosy 31 32. WASTE BEINGHARMFULADVERSE HEALTH BURNTH SUBSTANCEEFFECTSAll waste including Particulate matter- LONG TERMplastic airborne particles that Respiratory diseasecan be taken up by the Heart problemslungs Damage to nervous andreproductive system Damage to kidney and liver CancerSHORT TERM Headache NauseaDizziness 32 33. WASTE BEING HARMFULADVERSE HEALTHBURNTHSUBSTANCEEFFECTSPolyvinyl Chloride Dioxin andHYDROCHLORIC ACID(PVC)hydrochloric acid Burn your lungsFound in bottles and Fluid build up in lungsjugs, childrens toys, Ulceration of yourcosmetic productsrespiratory tractand householdproducts DIOXIN Cancer Immune dysfunction IQ deficit Reproductive effects33 34. WASTE BEINGHARMFUL ADVERSE HEALTH BURNTH SUBSTANCE EFFECTSPolystyreneStyrene, benzene, STYRENE Readily absorbed into the skin,Found in toluene, xylene and respiratory tract andStyrofoamcarbon monoxide gastrointestinal tractproducts such as High doses can cause unconsciousness and deathcups and egg Vapor can damage the eyecartons, plastic and mucus membraneutensils, and some Long term exposure can affect the central nervous systempackaging products causing: 1.Headaches 2.Fatigue 3.Weakness 4.Depression34 35. WASTE BEINGHARMFUL ADVERSE HEALTH BURNTH SUBSTANCE EFFECTSBENZENESupression of one or moreelements of the hematopoieticsystem (blood components)and malignant transformationof these elements intoleukemia or possiblylymphoma.At high exposures, may causedepression of the centralnervous system:1.Dizziness2.Headache3.Loss of consciousness4.Convulsions which mayultimately lead to death5.Cancer 36. WASTE BEINGHARMFUL ADVERSE HEALTH BURNTH SUBSTANCE EFFECTSTOLUENEPredominant effect is on thecentral nervous system:1.Depression2.Headache3.Dizziness4.Incoordination at 400 ppm5.Staggering gait6.Nausea7.Confusion8.Skin paresthesias9.Dilatation of the pupils10.Impaired lightaccommodation11.Insomnia12.Collapse13.Coma 37. WASTE BEINGHARMFUL ADVERSE HEALTH BURNTH SUBSTANCE EFFECTS14. Death at 10,000 to 30,000ppmLiver toxicityRenal toxicityCARBON MONOXIDE* Hypoxia carbon monoxidebinds with hemoglobin (in redblood cells) to formcarboxyhemoglobin, which is ineffective in the transport ofoxygen to body tissues and mayeventually result to: 38. WASTE BEINGHARMFULADVERSE HEALTH BURNTH SUBSTANCEEFFECTSCNS effects:1.Confusion2.Disorientation3.Loss of consciousness4.Headache5.Dizziness6.Damage to the globuspallidus in the brain--- loss ofvoluntary movement of thebodyMay have severe effects onthe fetus of a pregnant woman1.Seizures2.Coma3.Death 39. Mga Abnormalidad sa Tao at sa Hayop..39 40. GUSTO BA NATING MANGYARI ITO?BE AWARE AND PREPARED 40 41. KATANGIAN AT PAKINABANG SA IBAT-IBANGURI NG BASURABenepisyo ng pagreresiklo ng papel Sa kada 500 libro na nareresiklo, tayoy nakakabawas: 7,000 gallons ng tubig 3.3 cubic yards ng landfill space 17 hanggang 31 na puno 4,100 kw ng elektrisidad, maaring makapagpa-ilaw ngisang bahay ng humigit sa 6 buwan41 42. PAGRERESIKLO NGBOTE conserves natural resources because every ton of recycled glass saves 1,300 lbs sand 410 lbs soda ash 380 lbs limestone. Saves energy - free from heating sand to 2300 deg F, creates no pollution, glass cullets (crushed glass) saves energy (40%) since it melts faster. Minimize or reduce the mining activities of lime stone, sand soda ash, bauxite ore A glass bottle can take up to 1 million years to breakdown. 42 43. PAGRERESIKLO NG BAKALMetal recycling conserves natural resources.Recycling one ton of steel conserves 2,500 lbs of iron ore 1,400 lbs of coal 120 lbs of limestoneRecycling a ton of aluminum conserves up to8 tons of bauxite ore14 megawatt hours of electricity 43 44. RELASYON NG TAOAT KALIKASANECOSYSTEM is a place where living andnon-living things exist and interact withone another (carbon dioxide and oxygen)BUHAY AT MASAGANANG KARAGATANANG MUNDO BILANG ISANG PARAISOGULPO AT KARAGATANHABITAT, SURVIVE44 45. SOLUSYONECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT of 2000 COMPLIANCE WITH RA 9003Closure and Conversion to Open Dumpsite to CDFs- Controlled Disposal Facilities- Final Disposal System SEGREGATION AT SOURCE SEGREGATED COLLECTION MATERIALS RECOVERY FACILITY (MRF) RECYCLING PACKAGING MATERIALS ARE RECYCLABLE SANITARY LANDFILLRA 9003 Approval : January 26, 2001IRR Effectivity: January 06, 2002 46. Institutional StructureNational Solid Waste DENR-EMB-NSWMC/SManagement Commission (Technical Support and(Policy Making) Enforcement)Provide technical and othercapability building assistanceSupport to LGUs and privatesectorEcological and SolidExercisevisitorial and Waste Management Act enforcement power to ensurestrict complianceIssue rule and regulation Responsible for the implementation and enforcement of theLocal Government provision of this actWaste Units within their respective Generators/Citizens (Implementation)jurisdiction Municipality/City shall be responsible for the collection Barangay level shall conduct segregation46 47. 17 PARTNERS AT THE NSWMCGovernment Sector:DENR (Chairman) PIADILGMMDADOSTLeague of ProvincesDPWHLeague of CitiesDOH League of MunicipalitiesDTI Liga ng mga BarangayDATESDANon-Government Sector: 1 Representative from the NGO Sector 1 Representative from the Recycling Industry 1 Representative from the Manufacturing/Packaging Industry 47 48. Special wastes Clay Lined Landfill 4%RecyclingRecyclablesBiodegradablesTechnologies40% 56% plasticsBioreactorEcoshops/Buying Centers Biogas digester48 49. PLASTICSIdentified as the worse in mixed waste dumped indifferent place BASURA AT KAHIRAPANBASURA AT KARANGYAANBASURA SA49 50. The first step in eliminating the harmfuleffect of plastic is to:Reduce avoid using plastic products and purchase items withless plastic packagingReuse when possible buy items such as metal and glass thatcan be reuse longer and do not leach chemicalRecycle if your community does not have a recycling program,start one or collect them on your own50 51. ITDI has an Integrated Approach to ITDI and PolystyreneSolidWasteManagement which Packaging Councilincludes developmentof of the Philippinestechnologies on:FEATURES : Steel casserole with cover, double jacketed body with amelting capacity of 50 kgs per batch A motorized blunger for homogeneous mixing.A cylindrical steel downspout - to facilitate the discharge of melted plastic during casting intothe metal molds. The exhaust/chimney is installed with a charcoal stack toabsorb smoke emission during melting. The temperature recorder measures the meltingtemperature LPG fired with three-line burner. Portable unit, mobile. DENSIFIER51 52. Description of the TechnologyThe technology mainly involves densification ofwaste Styro or plastic bags by melting themin a vegetable cooking oil at a controlled heatingtemperature; converting the waste styro/plasticbags into rigid functional products.Simple, affordable, environment-friendlyand able to generate livelihood;decentralizing plastics recycling (communitylevel). 52 53. Recycling Process Waste Styro/Plastic BagsSize Reduction (Shredding/Grinding)Melting/Densification Densified Products (functional, novelty)53 54. OPERATION/PRODUCTION PROCESS1. PREPARATION Shredding/GrindingCan GRIND: plastic sando bags (PE, PP) styropor/styrofoam( FPS, EPS) HDPE, PET bottlestrays and containers Aluminum foil packs( sachet, pouch)54 55. 2. MELTING PROCESS POURING OF USED OIL 55 56. 3. MOLDING/PRODUCT RESULT THE PRODUCT The resulting molten waste plastic is easily molded by CASTING INTO THE METAL MOULDS whichdisplayed potential uses for tabletops, planters, blocks for pathways, floorings, and other valuablefunctional products. Molding by CastingAT 180-200 DEGREE PREPARE THE METAL CENTIGRADE MOLDS AND SETMATERIALS/PLASTIC BENEATH THESANDO BAG ISDENSIFIER ALREADY AT ITSHOMOGENOUSSTAGE OPEN THE EXHAUST AND DRAIN PLUG AND REMOVE THE CLOGGED MATERIALS COOLING OFMOLDED PRODUCTS56 57. Products ProducedPlastic Planters 57 58. Functional ProductsTable topsSchool chair Catwalk blocks 58 59. Table Tops 59 60. Cat Walk 60 61. Other ProductsBoards Synthetictimber plankBricks 61 62. Styro/Plastic Rigid Paving Blocks ( Product of Payatas Pilot Testing Project)SampleModulus ofCompressiveRupture (MOR),Strength (CS), kg/cm2kg/cm2Pure Styro46.7999.37Styro/Plastic Mix 36.3552.60Plastic Shreddedmetallized9.6342.08wrapper mixStyro/Plastic withless oil38.5558.57 62 63. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTCLEANER GAS EMISSION/SMOKE AND GAS ANALYSIS Tested by the Environmental Division, ITDI-DOST and DOLE 63Occupational Safety and Health Center* 64. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTCLEANER GAS EMISSION/SMOKE AND GAS ANALYSISFEBRUARY 22, 2012 AREA SAMPLINGConcentration, ppm Area/Measuring Point StyreneToluenceXyleneEvaluationRooftop (Styro Plastic Densifier Area)Left side