renewable energy and batteries - new jersey institute of ...nadimpal/renewableenergy_siva...
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Renewable Energy and Batteries
Siva Nadimpalli, Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)
23rd July 2015
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Outline
• Introduce each other
• What is electric current, why do we need it, and where do we get it from?
• What are the sources of energy?– Conventional
– Renewable
• Solar power: basic explanation
• Wind power
• Batteries- Electric cars
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Introduction
• What is your name?
• What do you want to be when you grow up?
– Teacher?
– Engineer?
– Doctor?
– Scientist?
– Politician?
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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What is electric current and why do we need it?
Electric current is flow of electrons in a conductor (similar to water flowing through pipes)
We need electricity for
– Heating/cooling
– Lighting
– Cooking
– Other (tvs, fans, computers)
– Industries need electricity to make productsLecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli,
Department of MIE, NJIT
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Where do we get our electric current from?
Generator is a rotating machine that converts the mechanical work into electrical energy
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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What are the sources of energy?
• Conventional power plants use different sources to generate electricity– Coal– Oil– Natural gas– Hydro
• Renewable energy sources– Sun (solar)– Wind– Tidal
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Solar power
http://vimeo.com/70881405
http://vimeo.com/60122172
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Wind power
GE Wind Turbine Testing Facility, The Netherlands
http://vimeo.com/60122173
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Lithium-ion battery
Li+e-
Li+
Anode - Cathode +
Li++e- + CoO2LiCoO2LiC6 Li++e-+C6LiPF6
electrolyte 140 mAh/g
Li+ Li+
Li+Li+ Li+
Li+
Li+ Li+
372 mAh/g
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Battery Applications
Nissan Leaf battery: mass = 600 lb, battery cost ~ $18,000
range ~ 100 mileswww.extremetech.com
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_Leaf
• Wind and solar power can be more efficient with an energy storage device• Electric car application
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Hands-on Activities
• Solar panel demonstration
• Tour of Micro and Nano Mechanics Laboratory
• Making lithium-ion coin cells
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
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Solar panel demonstration
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
Solar panel
Flashlight (Mimics Sun)
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Lithium-ion coin cells
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
Front view Back view
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Parts of a coin cell
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT
Top Casing
Spring
Spacer
Graphite electrode
Separator
Lithium metal electrode
Bottom Casing
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Fabrication of coin cell in the lab
Lecture notes by Dr. Siva Nadimpalli, Department of MIE, NJIT