Renewable Renewable EnergyEnergy

The The ReReal al Alternative?Alternative?

Module Overview

Lesson 1,Lesson 1,

The The REREal al alternativealternative

Why, how much, Why, how much, when and whatwhen and what

Lesson 1,Lesson 1,

The The REREal al alternativealternative

Why, how much, Why, how much, when and whatwhen and what

Principles

Lesson 2,Lesson 2,

Which Which alternative?alternative?

Your chance to Your chance to research the research the

optionsoptions

Lesson 2,Lesson 2,

Which Which alternative?alternative?

Your chance to Your chance to research the research the

optionsoptions

Research

Work-Work-sheetsheetWork-Work-sheetsheet

At home

Lesson 3,Lesson 3,

The Crunch!The Crunch!

Present your case Present your case and use your vote and use your vote

Lesson 3,Lesson 3,

The Crunch!The Crunch!

Present your case Present your case and use your vote and use your vote

Assessment

Why Bother?

• Because energy resources are limited– Oil and gas will run out, probably in your

lifetime

• Because burning fossil fuels release greenhouse gases and pollutants– Affecting your environment and health

• Because you can do something about it– Using your energy and vote

Lesson 1: Does it all add up?

How much power?

How much power?

Wind

Rivers

Waves

Plants

Use Supply

Energy balance

SunSun

How m

uch

power

?

Part 1:Part 1:How much energy do we How much energy do we

use?use?

In our home

In our countryIn our country

In our worldIn our world

Starting in YOUR Household

• How much energy do you use?

Calculating power and energy

Brain thinking hard

100W

Brain chilling

50W

Thinking

Chilling

4 hours

20 hours20 hours

Average power = {Daily energy}/{Daily hours} = 58 watts (W)

Daily energy = Power x time = (100 x 4) + (50 x 20) = 1400 watts hours

How much power per household?Equipment Group Ave. power

Lights 1

TV 2

Computers 3

Cooking 4

Washing 5

Cars 6

Food 7

Heating 8

Total average power per household ????

Experiments

• Split into seven groups

• Use equipment supplied to estimate the average power consumed in a typical household

• Report back to the class when complete

• Use the information to estimate the total average power used by a typical family

• Consider the error involved in this estimation

How much power per person?

2kW/household

but…..that’s not all

÷Four per household?

= 500Wper person

This is the power you actually use

1500W

Transport and conversionPower source

1000W losses

100%

66%

33%

500W

This is the power you measure

How much power per person?

but…..that’s still not all

You!!You!!

DomesticPower consumed

1500W ¼ ¼ 4500W

Industrial/commercialPower consumed

¾ ¾

You are responsible for about 6000W6000W of power consumption!!!!

How much energy in world?

?

but, most of the world don’t burn energy like us…yet!

6000Wper person

38 TWWorld power use

=X

6,400 million people(www.esa.un.org.gov)

Actual total is 15 TW now(www.rcep.org.uk)

Predicted to rise to 20 TWby 2020

Big numbersBig numbers

1,000 watts = 1 thousand watts = 1 kilo-watt = 1 kW

1,000 kilo-watts = 1 million watts = 1 mega-watt = 1 MW

1 watt = standard unit of power = 1 joule per second = 1 W

1,000 mega-watts = 1 billion watts = 1 giga-watt = 1 GW

1,000 giga-watts = 1 trillion watts = 1 tera-watt = 1 TW

?m

?m

?mGrain of sandLess than 1mm3

?mm?mm

?mm

Part 2:Part 2:Where does the energy Where does the energy

come from?come from?

The sun provides more than The sun provides more than 99.9% of our primary energy99.9% of our primary energy

It is a nuclear reactor 200,000 trillion times It is a nuclear reactor 200,000 trillion times more powerful than nuclear power stationsmore powerful than nuclear power stations

Power arriving at the earth is 200,000 TW (2x1017 watts)

But only one billionth of th

e power reaches earth

150 million km

Solar energy

Checking the balance

6,000 Watts

15 tera watts

Use

Supply

Energy balance

SunSun

200,000 tera watts200,000 tera watts

Where does the solar

energy go?

2x1017 Watt

s

Stored as fossil fuels

Wind

Rivers

Waves

Plants

Atmosphere

Radiated back into space

Renewable Energy - Overview

SunSun

Solar energySolar energy

Wind energyWind energy

Wave energyWave energy

Biomass energyBiomass energyHydro energyHydro energy

??

Solar Energy - HeatingSolar Energy - Heating

SunSun

Solar EnergySolar Energy

PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics

Charger

Batteries

Inverter

Direct current devices

Alternating current devices

Energy from Rivers (Hydro)Energy from Rivers (Hydro)

Large schemes with reservoirs and dams

Small schemes without reservoirs or dams

Supply town and cities

Supply villages

Demonstration

• Several demonstrations of energy processes around classroom– Evaporation-condensation cycle– Solar-powered “wind turbines”– Wind-up radios– Tap water powered hydro-turbines

• Make a note of the energy conversions and estimate the power involved

Energy from Rivers (Hydro)Energy from Rivers (Hydro)

DamDam

Energy from Rivers (Hydro)Energy from Rivers (Hydro)

Energy from Energy from WindWind

Energy from WindEnergy from Wind

Wind Turbine GeneratorsWind Turbine Generators

Ele

ctri

cal e

nerg

y

Your Your househouse

Wind energyWind energy

Energy from WavesEnergy from Waves

Energy from WavesEnergy from Waves

ElectricityElectricity

Other Wave DevicesOther Wave Devices

Energy from BiomassEnergy from Biomass

Energy from BiomassEnergy from Biomass

200,

000

TW

Fossil fuels

Atmosphere

Summary

Wind

Waves

Rivers

Plants

Solar

6kW

15 TW

Coming next………Your turn!

Group 1: Solar energyGroup 1: Solar energy

Group 2: Wind energyGroup 2: Wind energy

Group 3: Hydro energyGroup 3: Hydro energy

Group 6: Wave energyGroup 6: Wave energy

Group 4: Biomass energyGroup 4: Biomass energy

Group 7: Energy transportGroup 7: Energy transport

Group 5: Nuclear energyGroup 5: Nuclear energy

The EndThe End