replacing dirty and toxic with clean and green david pasin, president tbf environmental technology...

Replacing Dirty and Toxic with

Clean and Green

David Pasin, President TBF Environmental Technology Inc.

VOC Compliant Solvents

Green SolventsTBF Environmental

Technology

Presentation to:Western Coatings Show

BiAnnual Conference 201525 - 28 October, 2015

Las Vegas, Nevada

TBF Environmental Technology

TBF Environmental Technology Inc.VOC Compliant Solvents

Develops, manufactures, markets, and distributes environmentally friendly, VOC compliant solvents, to industrial markets in North America, European Union and Australia:• Paints and coatings• Adhesives• Printing inks• Polymers• Personal care• General industrial cleaning and

degreasing

Green Solvent Issues

Many alternatives to MEK, Xylene, IPA and Acetone have been developed, but

few work well:

“

”

The opportunity to develop and market solvents with lower ecological and

toxicological profiles is excellent…however, the perfect solvent is not available.

Tradeoffs have to be made regarding efficiency, cost and environmental impact.

Chemical Insight & Forecasting, Nov 2010.


• Over 10,000,000 US workers Exposed to toxic solvents on a daily

basis.

• Solvent emissions destroy human health and pollute the atmosphere.

• US EPA and State regulators continually impose lower limits on VOCs.

• Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) and Xylene do not meet new regulations.

• Substitute green solvents currently available have serious limitations

that limit their efficacy and acceptance.


Hydrocarbon Solvents A Huge Problem

• Many states are restricting companies annual usage of various hydrocarbon

solvents, particularly Xylene and Toluene.

• Companies are trying to scale back usage of solvents and are looking for effective alternatives due to serious legal, health

and environmental concerns.

• “Green” solvent alternatives are proving problematic.

Regulations Increasing

• EPA and State regulators, especially California, Texas, Massachusetts are continually imposing

lower limits on VOCs of various products.

• Most “Biomass” produced solvents do not meet new regulations, and are shown to have serious

environmental problems.

• Carbon footprint, emission byproducts and VOC issues are primary concerns in “biomass”

based solvents.

New Regulations

Massachusetts

Section 7.18 is currently under review

• Proposing to add a new section (30):

• Adhesives, Adhesive Primers, Sealants and Sealant Primers to the list of regulated

products.

• Limits are set to come into effect in 2015 and 2016.

http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/service/regulations/proposed/adhpregr.doc

California Air Resources Board (CARB)

Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR):

• Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are not the only measurement of the impacts on air quality.

• CARB developed and has initiated the use of the Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR) value to quantify the propensity of a chemical compound to react in the atmosphere to form ground-level ozone.

New Regulations


Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR):

• MIR is being adopted as a replacement for Low Vapour Pressure as more flexible standard in determining suitability of a solvent as “VOC-exempt” or “low VOC”.

• Focus on eliminating high-MIR compounds which will have the greatest impact in lowering ambient VOC levels.

New Regulations


• Any product that meets the definition of an aerosol coating is regulated.

• Product could default to the lowest general-purpose coatings category limit if not properly labelled.

• General Coatings Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR) limits lowered. Effective date 01/01/2017.

• New categories and New MIR limits for some categories called Specialty Coatings (A) effective date 01/01/2017.

New Regulations


More Reporting Requirements

Largest Issue:

• General coating limits will be very challenging to meet. Aerosol coatings producers should review this regulation completely to ensure their products are compliant and categorized properly.

• CARB enforcement to be strict and target incorrectly labelled products.

New Regulations

MIR Data

Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR) (Contribution to ozone and smog)

Xylene 5.84

Toluene 4.00

Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF)

0.11

Tertiary Butyl Acetate (TBAc) 0.18

0 VOC Xylene Substitute 0.079

Methyl Ethyl Ketone 1.48

0 VOC MEK Substitute 0.49

Acetone 0.36

0 VOC Acetone Substitute 0.065

MIR Data

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60 1.48

0.47

Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0 VOC MEK sub-stitute

Comparison of MIR Values

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

5.84

4.00

0.11 0.18 0.079

Xylene Toluene PCBTF/Oxsol TBAc 0 VOC

MIR Data

Comparison of MIR Values

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC MEK Alternative

A safe, effective, efficient and cost effective replacement for MEK

• Benzene-free

• Non-carcinogenic

• No hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)

• No ozone-depleting or creator chemicals

• Considered an Ultra-Low VOC Solvent (LVOC) in SCAQMD, 0 VOC in 49.75 states

• EPA Test Method 24: 2.66 g/l VOC

• Personal Care Council (INCI) Approved

Can be used in:

• paints and coating formulations and cleaning

• paint and varnish removers

• ink and marker formulations and cleaning

• adhesive formulation and cleaning

• adhesive removers

• gelcoat formulation and cleaning

• fiberglass manufacturing



Can be used in or as:

•surface preparation and precision cleaner

•general purpose surface wipe cleaner

•general and heavy duty degreaser

• laboratory and equipment wipe solvent

•brake and contact cleaner

•paint gun and paint line cleaner

• lubricating greases and oils

•automotive chemicals and cleaners

•undercoat formulation and cleaning

•waterproofing compounds

•household dyes and tints

Green Solvent Alternative

Physical / Chemical Characteristics

0 VOC MEK Sub

Methyl Ethyl

Ketone

Methyl Acetate

DiMethylCarbonat

eDensity (@25 °C) 0.97 0.804 0.932 1.07Boiling Point (°C) 75.31 79.6 58 90Evaporation Rate (n-BuAc=1) 3.62 3.8 6.0 3.2Flash Point (°C) 9.0 -9.0 -10 17.2Vapour pressure @20 °C (mm Hg)

125 74 165 18

Freezing Point (°C) -71.54 -86.7 -98 4Solvency (Kb Value) 79.1 na na 64Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR)

0.47 1.48 0.072 0.06

Hansen Solubility Parameters (MPA)

δd (dispersion)

δP (polarity)

δH (hydrogen bonding)

7.873.723.59

7.84.42.5

153.53.7

15.5

3.99.7


100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 600%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

% Better Solvency than DMC

0 VOC MEK Sub vs DMC%MEK vs DMC

% Solids Content

Imp

rovem

en

t vs D

MC

D.E.R. 331(EPON 828)Epoxy Resyn

• Lower, milder odour compared to MEK

• Similar evaporation rate to MEK

• Measured ER of 3.62. This is close to the published MEK ER 4.0

• May have slightly less solvent power than MEK in the above epoxy formula. This may vary

dependent upon formulation and other factors.

Green Solvent AlternativeVOC Alternative Advantages

• Substituting the MEK with 0 VOC MEK Sub resulted in a minor 2 – 3 KU (Kreb Units)

increase in viscosity.

• 0 VOC MEK Sub works well as a replacement for MEK in epoxy formulas.

• Moisture content is well below 500 ppm, making it suitable for use in 1 and 2K

polyurethane systems.

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC MEK Replacement Results

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC MEK Replacement Results

MEK0 VOC MEK Sub

Oral Toxicity (LD50 Rat mg/kg) 2700 >5500

Dermal Toxicity (LD50 Rabbit mg/kg)

6480 >20,000

Long Term Organ Damage Yes No

Central Nervous System Damage

Yes No

A safe, effective, efficient and cost effective replacement for Acetone

• Benzene-free

• Non-carcinogenic

• No hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)

• No ozone-depleting or creator chemicals

• Considered an Ultra-Low VOC Solvent (LVOC) in SCAQMD and CARB, zero VOC in 49 states

• EPA Test Method 24: 2.82 g/l VOC

• Boeing Spec 5750 - approved for Aerospace Cleaning

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Replacement for Acetone

A 0 VOC Acetone Sub can be used in or as:

• paint formulations and cleaning

• ink and marker formulations and cleaning

• adhesive formulations and cleaning

• hard surface cleaning

• lubricating greases and oils

• aerospace cleaning applications

• automotive chemicals

• nail polish and polish remover

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Acetone Replacement

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Acetone Replacement

TergoSol can also be used as a:

• surface preparation and precision cleaner

• general purpose surface wipe cleaner

• general and heavy duty degreasing

• general and heavy duty degreasing

• Proven to be serious risks to human health: asthma, lower birth weights,

hearing loss and permanent damage to Central Nervous System.

• BTEX solvents are major emitters of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

which create smog.

• BTEX solvents pollute soil and groundwater.

BTEX Solvents are ToxicBenzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, Xylene

(BTEX)

A safe, efficient, effective and cost-effective replacement for Toluene and Xylene, Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF) and Tertiary Butyl Acetate (TBAc).

A 0 VOC Xylene Replacement:

• is formulated to be benzene-free.

• is non-carcinogenic.

• does not contain hazardous air pollutants.

• is environmentally hazardous ingredients.

• has no ozone depleters or creators.

• is 0 VOC and NPRI-exempt (SCAQMD Ultra low VOC 1.13 g/l).

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Xylene Replacement

Designed for a variety of uses and purposes.

Can be used as a diluent for:

• paints

• coatings

• adhesives

• resins

• silicones

• sealants

Can also be used as a chemical diluent for:

• printing ink

• adhesives

• lacquers

• plastics

• perfumes

• pesticides

• leather tanning

• paraffin wax



Physicochemical Property0 VOC Xylene

SubPCBTF TBAc Xylene Toluene

Specific Gravity (@ 25 °C) 1.00 1.34 0.86 0.87 0.87Flashpoint (Tag Closed Cup (TCC) ºC

4.00 42.8 16.7 17 16

Boiling Point ºC 70-90 139 98 110.6-144

135

Appearance Clear liquid Clear liquid

Clear liquid

Clear liquid

Clear liquid

Viscosity @ 20 ˚C (CentiPoise Cp)

0.44 0.79 0.70 0.34 0.59

δ (Hansen solubility parameter) Hildebrand = 1 cal1/2 cm-3/2

9.18 9.15 7.77 9.36 8.88

δD (Dispersion) cal1/2 cm-3/2 7.76 8.8 7.5 9.2 8.8δP (Polar) cal1/2 cm-3/2 3.42 2.9 3.0 1.3 0.68δH (Hydrogen bonding) cal1/2 cm-3/2

3.46 1.9 3.0 1.15 0.98

Surface tension (dynes/cm at 20 °C)

25.03 25 22.4 25.32-28.7

27.73

Evaporation rate (n-butyl acetate = 1)

5.14 0.9 2.8 0.7 1.9

MIR (gO3/g VOC) 0.076 0.11 0.20 4.25 – 10.71

3.97

Solvency (Kb value) 90.30 64 114 98 105

Experimental Data:

• a clear liquid with a mild fruity, non-offensive odour

• has a specific gravity of 1.004.

• evaporated faster than Xylene by a factor of 1.63-1.65

• has a pronounced “tail” at end

• Aids in flow and leveling and helps prevent unwanted dry spray


0 VOC Solvent and Xylene Clear Tint Base Chain Stop Alkyd Formulation


Properties Control FormulaFormula With 0 VOC

Xylene SubWeight Solids, % 33.31 31.97Volume Solids% 24.82 24.82Specific Gravity 0.942 0.982Viscosity, KU 95.2 58.1Gloss 20⁰ / 60⁰ 86.0 / 96.6 82.5 / 95.8VOC g/l minus exempt solvent

628 543

Dust Free, mins 15 10Tack Free, mins 20 15Hard Dry, mins 30 20

95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 500%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

% Better Solvency

% Solids Content

Vis

cosit

y R

ed

ucti

on

Comparison based onEpon 828, DER 331 Epoxy Resyn

0 VOC solvent has better solvency and solubility than Xylene and its conventional substitutes

Green Solvent AlternativeSolvency Comparison

Green Solvent AlternativeToxicity Comparison

Xylene0 VOC Xylene

Sub

Oral Toxicity (LD50 Rat mg/kg) 2119 >6000

Dermal Toxicity (LD50 Rabbit mg/kg)

1700 >5,000

Long Term Organ Damage Yes No

Central Nervous System Damage

Yes No

Conclusions

• Improved odor

• Improved solubility

• Improved viscosity control

• Reduced overall VOC content


• No negative effect on:

(i) Gloss

(ii) Flow

(iii) Tack

(iv) Film appearance

• Improved dry time

Green Solvent Alternatives

New

O VOC

Compliant Solvents


VOC Hybrid Alternative for Hexane

An effective, O VOC replacement for Hexane, Xylene, Toluene and Percholorethylene

Designed for the dissolution of block polymers, chlorinated rubber as well as a cleaner/degreaser and co-solvent in paints, coatings, inks and adhesives.

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Hybrid Hexane Replacement

Physicochemical Property0 VOC Hexane

SubHexane Perc Xylene Toluene


20.7 -26.0 258 17 16

Boiling Point ºC 70-90 68 122 110.6-144

135


Clear liquid

Clear liquid

Clear liquid


0.69 0.31 1.63 0.34 0.59


7.72 7.24 9.27 9.36 8.88


1.52 0.00 0.00 1.15 0.98


21.14 17.89 32.0 25.32-28.7

27.73


2.57 8.1 2.6 0.7 1.9

MIR (gO3/g VOC) 0.062 1.86 0.20 4.25 – 10.71

3.97



O VOC Hybrid Alternative for Heptane

An effective, O VOC replacement for Heptane, Xylene, Toluene and Perchloroethylene and 111 Trichloroethtylene

An effective 50 state compliant (including SCAQMD) brake cleaner, light duty cleaning and degreasing, electronics and contact cleaner and as a co-solvent for resyn systems, paints, coatings, inks and adhesives.

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Hybrid Heptane Replacement

Physicochemical Property0 VOC Heptane

SubHeptane Perc Xylene Toluene


5.37 -4.0 258 17 16

Boiling Point ºC 59 98 122 110.6-144

135


Clear liquid

Clear liquid

Clear liquid


0.58 0.31 1.63 0.34 0.59


7.85 7.5 9.27 9.36 8.88


1.76 0.00 0.00 1.15 0.98


20.42 20.14 32.0 25.32-28.7

27.73


3.99 3.3-4.5 2.6 0.7 1.9

MIR (gO3/g VOC) 0.0472 1.28 0.20 4.25 – 10.71

3.97



O VOC Hybrid Alternative for Slow Evaporating Solvent

Designed as an O VOC replacement for Mineral Spirits, Methyl Amyl Ketone (MAK), Cyclohexane, Aromatic 100, 150 and Butyl Acetate

An effective 50 state compliant (including SCAQMD) solvent and thinner for use in architectural and industrial paints, stains, sealers, coatings, inks, adhesives, formulation and general cleaning and degreasing, parts cleaning), paint gun and paint line cleaning and as a general duty use solvent to replace mineral spirits and similar type solvents

Green Solvent Alternative0 VOC Hybrid Slow Evaporating Solvent

Replacement

Physicochemical Property 0 VOC S.E. SubMineral Spirits

Methyl Amyl

Ketone

Aromatic 100

Butyl Acetate


56.03 40.0 39 40 27

Boiling Point ºC 147.5 65-150 150 156 126Appearance Clear liquid Clear

liquidClear liquid

Clear liquid

Clear liquid


1.18 1.36 0.81 0.90 0.73


8.4 7.6 8.5 8.6-8.8 8.5


1.64 0.1 2.0 0.7 3.1


24.53 24.7 32.0 29.0 25.1


0.6 0.13 0.4 0.29 1.o

MIR (gO3/g VOC) 0.097 1.21 2.80 7.51 0.89

Solvency (Kb value) 43.94 33 NA 93

Summary

Issues:

• Greenwashing

• Toxicity

• Long Term chronic exposure

• Problems with alternative “green” solvents

Regulations:

• Tightly revised Regulations in Massachusetts and CARB coming

• MIR Value of Solvents becoming increasingly important

• Overall VOC content of finished goods decreasing

EkaSol™ – O VOC replacement for MEK

TergoSol™ – O VOC replacement for Acetone

ZemaSol™ – O VOC replacement for Xylene, Toluene, TBAc, PCBTF

KradaSol ™ - O VOC Hybrid Alternative for Hexane

BerdeSol ™ - O VOC Hybrid Alternative for Heptane

ShiraSol ™ - O VOC Hybrid Slow Evaporating Solvent Replacement

Summary

Possible Answers:

Replacing Dirty and Toxic with

Clean and GreenDavid Pasin, President

TBF Environmental Technology Inc.

Thank You for watching

replacing dirty and toxic with clean and green david pasin, president tbf environmental technology...

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