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P c o K p q e H H e CTOHMOCTH npoqecca permxpaumi AO: H e 6onee 50% OT noxona H a m y H a c e n e H m ,

c o K p a x q e H H e KonkIYecTsa ~ ~ e i i , T p e 6 y e ~ b I X am p e r H c T p m H E I no: H e 6onee 20, > c o K p w e H H e K o n m e c T s a npouenyp no: 10,

xii

06ecneveHue M e x a ~ u 3 ~ a Pacc~ompenuR X m o 6 O s e ~ b B ~ H O Y T O ~ ~ I npennpmmia HMenH B03MOXHOCTb 0 6 X a J I o ~ a T b PeIIIeHElII CyAOB HIIEl TOCYAaPCTBeIlHbIX mHOBHHKOB,

H n H O ~ ~ ~ T E I T ~ C I I c xano6oii o n p e A o c T a B n e H u H ycnyr H H ~ K O ~ O K a s e c T B a k i n n n n o x o M

0 6 p W e ~ H k i . B 2005 rOAy, HCCJIeAOBaHHII BEEPS nOKa3aJIU, a o 15% T ~ ~ K H K C K H X @HPM, C KOTOPbIMH IIPOBO~HJIH HHTePBbW, OTMeTHJIH, W O i i e HMeJIA TaK0fi

B03MOXHOCTH. OTneJIbHb1e IIpHMepbI YKa3bIBZUOT H a TO, a 0 BepOX'THee BCWO ~ H @ P M

M o r y T G ~ I T ~ A a x e ewe ~ b ~ m e .

. . . Xlll

Pa yuonanwa y m cmandapmos u cepmuqbu~a yuu npody~ yuu. O~II~~T~IIT,H~-SI

c ~ P T N @ H K ~ H R B T a , m o K ~ k ~ c ~ a H e CO3naeT TOprOBbIe 6 a p b e p b 1 H O m U M B a e T

ElHOCTPaHHbIe KOMIIaHHH H HHBeCTOPOB, OAHOBpeMeHHO HaSIZWa-SI O v O M H O e 6pem H a

~ a J l b 6 H C P ~ ~ H H ~ 6 ~ 3 H e ~ . A B O ~ H ~ X U e n b ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B ~ COCTOHT B P~@oPMHPoBZ~HHH

IIpOUeCCOB CTaHnapTH32iL@iH H C ~ P T H @ I I K ~ E I H , BKJM)Ya-SI P ~ @ O ~ M Y H O ~ M ~ T H B H O - I I ~ ~ B o B o ~

6a3b1 &lUI c ~ ~ T H @ H K ~ H H H T ~ x H K c T ~ H ~ ~ P T ~ , K O T O ~ ~ ~ YlIOJIHOMOYeH OCmeCTBJIHTb

H m 3 0 p 7 C UeJIbIo COKpaIQeHHH KOnHYeCTBa TOBapOB HMIIOPT H 3KCIIOPT KOTOPbIX, ~ p e 6 y e ~ n p ~ o 6 p e ~ e ~ ~ 1 1 c e p ~ ~ @ m a ~ a , H a 75%.

Obecneuenue Bbrcmpozo u I7pocmozo Tamo3tcennozo Oqbopmnenu flouy~enrnos. H o ~ b ~ e HCCJIenOBaHWl, B O ~ J I ~ C T H TO~TOBJIH: OCHOBZiHHbIe H a AZiHHbIX, B3HTbIX H 3 OTZIeTa

"Doing Business"3a 2006 Z O ~ , BbIIIBHJIH, YTO B COOTBeTCTBkIH C M e x C n y H a p ~ n ~ ~ f i

~ I ~ S L K T H K O ~ ~ , KaXOJbe AeHb OTCPOYKM TaMOHCeHHOrO o @ o ~ M J I ~ H H X v Y 3 0 B COKpaLqaeT

065eMb1 3KCIIOpTa IIO- H a OnHH HpOUeHT. B TWXCHKHCT~H~, HaIIpHMep IIpOUeCC

0@0pMJIeHlUI 3KCIIOpTHbIX nOKYMeHTOB 3aHHMaeT 72 AHX, a IIpOUeCC o @ o ~ M J I ~ H H R

HMnOpTa - 44 nHB, B 0TnaSIeHH0fi OT MOP% CTpaHe, me PaCCTOXHHe a0 PbIHKa AOCTaTOZIHO

naSIeKOe, a 3aTpaTb1, CBX3aHHble C HMIIOPTOM H 3KCIIOPTOM nOCTaTO9HO BbICOKH.

Heo6xon~~b1e MepbI B I O Y W T p e @ o p M y TaMOXeHHOrO KOneKCa H COKparrJeHHX pana T~PH@OB, a TaKme BBeAeHHe 3JIeKTpOHHOTO X p a H e H H l nOKYMeHTOB, W O IIpkIBeAeT K

C O K p ~ e H H H ) B O ~ M O X H O C T ~ ~ & J U H ~ ~ O ~ P O C O B ~ C T H ~ I X COTPYHHHKOB.

06ecnelre~ue Cnpasednusozo u JTez~ozo 3a~parmm Bumeca. n p o n y ~ c ~ a ~ ~ o c ~ b

YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa BbIpaCTeT, eCnH M e H e e IIpOH3BO~HTeJIbHbIe H M e H e e ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H ~ I ~

@HPM~I? 6 y n y ~ 3aMeHeHbI H a 6onee IIpOM3BOflHTeJIbHbIe H 6onee ~ @ @ ~ K T E I B H ~ I ~ . EcJIH

~ e ~ e e n p o n y ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ b ~ e @EIPM~I n p o n o n x a T (PYHKUHOHEIPOB~T~, o6rqarr IIpOH3BOQiTeJlbHOCTb 9aCTHOTO CeKTOpa 6 y n e ~ H H T e . Aenm np0UeCC ~ ~ H K ~ O T C T B ~

6onee ~ @ @ ~ K T U B H ~ I M H ~ ~ c I I P H c T ~ ~ c T H ~ I M , M O T H 0 3HaWTeJIbHO YnyrIIIIHTb PeIIIeHHe

4 ((Trading on Time)), ALIIHKOB, @p3y~n u @ a ~ , X H B ~ P ~ 2006.

xiv

~ ~ ~ ~ c T E E H H o ~ o @ H H ~ H C O B O ~ O nOnOXeHHR. AJM HaWiJIa, H ~ O ~ X O A U M O O ~ ~ ~ T H T ~ C I I K

~ ~ K o H o A ~ T ~ J I ~ H o ~ ~ 6a3e no ~ ~ H K P O T C T B Y N 0 6 e c n e ~ ~ ~ b COOTBeTCTBjTO~ee o6y=fe~Eie

cyneii, a yxe nom~ee, B nonrocpo~ofi n e p c n e K T H s e C O ~ A ~ T ~ c y m ~ Hnki o T n e n e H m no G~HKPOTCTBY.

KZW TOnbKO H H B ~ C T H ~ H O H H ~ I ~ ~ KJMMaT II C p e n a AJW BeAeHHII 6a3~eca 3HaWTeJIbHO YJIJ'¶IIIeHbI,

~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J L ~ c T B o MOXeT T-e 3aXOTeTb O ~ ~ C ~ I ~ P Z I T ~ OnpeAeJIeHHyIO HeHCKaXeHHyIo l I O m e p X K y

neJI0~0fi CpenbI , HaIIpaBJIeHHyIO H a CTNMYJIHPOBaHHe pOCTa. B T ~ K O G C l p a H e KaK T ~ H ~ c T ~ H , me PbIHKH II AOCTYII K HHM H e AOCTaTO%O Pa3BHTb1, TaKaR HOLCqepXCKa MOXeT BKJIIO9aTb OnpeAeJIeHHOe

KOnHYeCTBO OTAeJIbHbIX E I H T ~ P B ~ H ~ H ~ ~ . Bce BMeCTe, H3nOXeHHbIe MepbI AOJIXHbI HMeTb OAHy 0 6 ~ qenb - y s e n m e H H e B w I a n a qacmoro c e K T o p a B BBn H a 10%.

Ynyuwenue docmyna K p b ~ ~ ~ a m . n p ~ T O ~ ~ O B O ~ ~ J I H ~ ~ P ~ J X H ~ ~ L ~ H H H n p 1 1 6 n H x m r Q e ~ y c 1 1

BCTyIIJIeHHIo B BTO, MeCTHbIe MWIbIe H C p e n H H e IIpenlTpHIITWl H e M O r F BbIXHBaTb, H e

6 y ~ p KOHK~'P~HTOCIIOCO~H~IMH, a 3 T 0 ~ p e 6 y e ~ )'BeJlHseHWl npOH3BOARTenbHOCTEl H

~ k i H E f M a J X b ~ 0 f i 3KOHOMHN M ~ C I I I T ~ ~ ~ . &JM AOCTHXCeHHB 3TOr0 , ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B o AOJIXHO

C @ O K ~ C H ~ O B ~ T ~ C X H a (i) yJIyYrneHH5IX lpSLHClIOpTa H KOMMJ'HUK~H~~, B O C O ~ ~ H H O C T ~ I

IIOCpenCTBOM IIpOBeAeHHX p e @ o p ~ B 2iBHWHOHHOM CeKTOpe H HHBeCTHPOBaHHe CeKTOpa

T ~ J I ~ K o M M ~ H H K Z U J H ~ ~ ; (ii) 0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ H H 6onee ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H O ~ ' O BH30BOTO A TaMOXeHHOTO

p e m M o B , a T a m e nomepxmi n p e n n p s H H M a T e s r a c T s a DJW oxsa-ra B H ~ ~ H H X @HPM, H (iii) HHH~BHPOB~HWI P ~ ~ J I H W X ~ I X BHnOB HHTePBeHqHN LIJU nomepxwi npeAnpHHHMaTerrbcTsa, T ~ K H X K ~ K : 6 p o ~ e p c ~ a s n e m e n b H o c T b , ~ J I ~ H ~ I nomepxaa I IOCTaB~HKOB H YCTWOBJIeHHe IIaPTHePCKkM O T H O L U ~ H H ~ ~ C HHOCTpaHHbIMEI (PLIPMSLMEI.

flpusnere~ue f l p m b a Nnocrnparriib~~ ~ ~ 8 e c r n u q u u (flNN). Hec~olpa H a

HMeK)QHeCR n p H p O n H b I e PeCypCbI, KOTOPble MOXHO G~IJIO 6b1 3KCnOPTEiPOBaTb,

O ~ T H M ~ b H ~ CTpaTelX5I nHId .I T a m ~ ~ m c ~ w a H e nOJIXHa 6 b 1 m c @ o K ~ c H ~ o B ~ H ~

TOJIbKO H a CeKTOpaX CBR3aHHbIX C IIPHPOAHbIMH PeCypCaMH, HO fiOJIXHa 6bITb H m e J I e H a

H a 6onee IIIHPOKH~~ cneK-rp n p o M b M n e H H o c T H H A p y r H e cee-ropa. 3 ~ o M o x e T 6b1~b 6onee B ~ I T O ~ H ~ I M ~m c-rpa~b~ c TO= 3 p e ~ ~ x c 0 3 n a ~ m H a 6onee m p o ~ o f i H ~ C T O ~ ~ W B O ~ ~

H H B ~ C T H ~ ~ I O H H O ~ ~ MOAeJlH, KOTOPaR MOrJIa 6b1 CTHMYJIHPOBaTb POCT H CO3naBaTb HOBbIe

pa60me MeCTa. Ha Ha'IaJ'IbHOM TaKaR I IpOrpaMMa AOJIXHa 6 b 1 ~ b C@OK~CHPOBSLH~

H a AByX KJUOYeBbIX HaIIp2iBJIeHHRX - p e a J X H 3 a H H H~o~xo , I@IMo~~ H H C T H T ~ H O H ~ J ' I ~ H O ~ ~

IIOflrOTOBKH npHBJIeYeHHR nHH, a TZlKXe n p O B e n e H H e E I H @ O P M ~ H O H H O ~ ~ KaMIISLHHH,

HfUIpaBJIeHHofi H a OnpeneJ IeHHe CTpilH, KOTOPbIe 60nb111e BCerO MOrYT CTaTb HCTOWHKOM

TIBB.

Ycnyzu no noddepx~e npednpurrunramenbcmsa. B n o n o n H e H m K r o p s c ~ a ~ H

~ J ' X ~ ~ J X T ~ ~ S L M , 6 ~ 3 ~ e c H Y W a e T C B B H y W a e T C R ewe H B ApyI.llX YCnjTaX, T o r 0 wo6b1 p a 6 0 T a T b ~ @ @ ~ K ~ B H O N 6b1~b 6onee lTPO~YKTEIBHbIMH. 3 T H YCJIFH M O W B m Y a T b

yCJI)TH U I I OCBOeHElrr PbIHKa EI n P O m H H , YJI)'WIIeHWl IIpOqeCCa, A N ~ & H EIHTepbepa,

cnyx6a EIHKaCCZUJHN, KYPbePCKaR cnyxGa, PeKJIaMHbIe ycnym, O p l ' a H k i 3 q m H

nposeneme cnerJkIanbHbrx ~ e p o n p m ~ ~ i i , n o c p e w m e c K E i e y c n y r H , H M H o r H e A p y r H e .

n0~0~23.H B C03,QaHHH, KaK ClTpOCa, TaK H npeAJIOXeHHR H a 3TEI C J I Y X ~ ~ I , YTO B03MOXHO

n o c p e n c m o M cxeiu donesbzx cy6cuduti: H co3na~m ye~mpos 6 u 3 ~ e c yc~ryz, M o r 6b1

O6pcwosanue u 06yvenue. Y~06b1 TWXHKCKHe IIpeAIIpHIITkIR 6 b m i KOHKJ 'P~HTOCIIOCO~H~IMH H AOCTaTOWO Pa3BUTbIMEI, IIM T p e 6 y e T c X XOpOIDO 0 6 y ~ e H H U

p a 6 o ~ ~ CHna . P a 3 p a 6 0 ~ K a o 6 y ~ w r s ~ x KYPCOB H ~ e 6 H b ~ I IpOrpaMM r p e 6 y e T

A O C T ~ T O W O ~ ~ KOHCyJIbTaqHH C YaCTHbIM CeKTOPOM. Morn0 T a K X e C03AaTb U e H T P b I

I I ~ o ~ ~ c c H o H Z I J I ~ H O ~ O O ~ ~ ~ ~ H H I I , I IpH H b M e CYLqeCTBJ'IOLqNX p e 6 H b 1 ~ 3aBe,lJeHHXX, H

~ ~ 0 6 b 1 ~ a x q b I j i q e H T p MMen CBOe C O ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ 61op0 T ~ ~ A O ~ C T ~ O ~ C T B ~ , C

UeHTPaTIM30BaHHbIM HH@OPM~WHOHH~IM UeHTPOM kI ~ ~ H K O M AaHHbIX B &maa6e.

~ H C T M T ~ H O H ~ J I ~ H ~ ~ R IIOArOTOBKa BIUIIoYaeT B ce6x 06pa3osa~we P ~ K o B o W I ~ ~ ~ O K O M H T ~ T ~ BbICOKOrO YPOBHII AJUI Ha6JTI0,lJeHHX 3a BHeApeHHeM CTpaTerHH PYC H IIOCTpoeHkIII IIOTeHUkIaJIa

~ O C ~ A ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ O K O M H T ~ T ~ IIO ~ ~ H B ~ C T ~ I ~ H I I M H YIIpaBJIeHkIFO ~ O C ~ A ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ CO~CTB~HHOCT~EO, K ~ K o p r a H a p e a n ~ 3 ~ ~ 1 ~ c T p a T e m H PYC.

xvi

1. T ~ X N K N C T ~ H - ~~HT~L~JI~Ho-A~R~TcKsLII CTpaI-Ia C ~e6onbrrroii ~ K O H O M H K O ~ ~ ,

c 6,700 000 H a c e n e H H e M H c n o x o n o M H a nymy H a c e n e H s a B 3 10 aonnapo~ CLIIA. ~ K O H O M H K ~ , KOTOPSLII PaCTeT B CpenHeM H a 10% C 2001-2004rr., O%Hb CHJIbHO 3aBHCHT

OT xcnop-ra x n o n K a , ~ ~ I O M H H H R H 3 n e ~ ~ p o 3 ~ e p r ~ x H OT ~ B ~ ~ H ~ B ~ I U H X C R n e H e m m

n e p e B o n o B pa60m~-MEIT~HTOB, YeXaBIIIHX H a sapa60m B POCCHIO, KOTOPbIe n0 KOHCePBaTHBHblM nO,I(CqeTaM C O C T a B m T 25-40% OT BBn. H ~ C M O T ~ R H a TO, 9TO

YpOBeHb 6 e m r o c ~ ~ MOHOTOHHO CHHXaeTCR, nOKa3aTeJIH BCe Xe OCTLUOTCX 0 9 e H b

BUCOKEIMH. B 2003 o6lqee KOJIH9eCTBO JIlOnefi, KOTOpbIe HCnOJIb3OBUIki T ~ s L H H ~ ~ H ~ ~ C

~ ~ ~ H o c T ~ I O , n a p m e T no~yna~enbc~oi i C~IOCO~HOCTH B 2.15Aonnapo~ CLIIA, p a B H x n o c b

64%.

3. , @ ~ ~ e n b ~ a ~ n o n ~ m s e c ~ ~ K O H C O J ~ A ~ H ~ , O ~ H ~ K O , y c n o m ~ ~ n a ~ m o ~ e s b r e

3JIeMeHTbI IIpOr'PaMMbI nepex0~~0f i 3KOHOMHKH. K a K T ~ K O B O ~ ~ , T~APHKMCT~H H e

no6~nca 6onbmoro nporpecca B nepexone focynapc~se~~oro c e K T o p a OT u e H T p a n b H o r o

llJIa.HHpOBa.HHX H rOCYnaPCTBeHHOr0 IIpOH3BOACTBeHHOrO X l I I a p a T a K HHCTpYMeHTaM,

KOTOPbIe IIOOLqP5IK)T SaCTHbIe HHBeCTH4HH B 9 e J I o B e 9 e ~ K H f i , C O ~ H ~ T I ~ H ~ & H @ H ~ E I ~ ~ c K u ~ ~

KaIIEITtUI. XOTX ~ K O H O M H ~ ~ C K H ~ ~ POCT YCKOPHJICR A 0 10.2 % B 2001 H B C p e m e M ~a 2005 r O n COCTaBJlHeT 7 %, OH 0 6 y c n o ~ n e ~ BOCCT2UiOBJIeHEIeM 3 W Y 3 K H lIPOH3BOnCTBeHHbIX

~ o w ~ o c ~ e i i B n e p B y m o g e p e n b B c e n b c K o M xosaiic~ne, 6naronpaamm q e H H a x n o n o K H

~ ~ ~ M H H H G B MHpe, CHnbHbIM POCTOM POCCHH H APjTHX TOPrOBbIX napTHepOB, a T a m e

y s e n H r e H H e M neaemm n e p e B o n o B T ~ X H K C M X pa60wx-MH~~HTOB, r n a B H b m

06pa30~ ~3 POCCHH.

4. Hec~o~prr H a TaKHe TeMnbI POCTa, KaIIHT~OBJIOXeHEIX, B K m o r a R lIp5IhfbIe

mocTpa .HHbIe H H B e c m H ( I M M ) c o c T a s H n H B c e r o n H r u b s e T b I p e npoqeH-ra BBn B

nepaon c 2001 no 2004 roam kI, H e c M o T p H a B s e n e H H e H a n o r o s b I x m r o T , CTHMY~OB

T ~ X H O J I O ~ H Y ~ C K O ~ ~ M O ~ e P H H 3 w H H nPOH3BOnCTBeHHbIX J I u H N ~ ~ H IIOJIHyIO

KOHBePTHPYeMOCTb T B ~ P A O ~ ~ BaJIIOTbI, H a AOJIIo YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa n p H X O ~ T C R TOJIbKO

OKOJIO 50 % BBn. 0 3 a 6 0 r e H ~ o e ~ b 1 ~ e I I I H e f i YX3BHMOCTbM 3KOHOMHM T i ~ 4 m m c ~ a H a K

H3MeHeHHHM BO B H e ~ n ~ e f i C p e n e , ~ ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B o HaMeTHJIO OCHOBaTeJIbHJW I I p O V a M M y

~ T p ~ K ~ y p H o f i H H H C ~ I I O H ~ T I ~ H O ~ ~ pe@0pMb1, H ~ I I ~ ~ B J I ~ H H o ~ ~ H a Y C T O ~ ~ Y E ~ B ~ ~ POCT H

COKpaIIIeHHe 6en~ocm. 3 T a IIpOTpaMMa, BKmoYeHHSLII B npenCTOXrqq?o, BTOPJW BePCHIO

CCE cocpeno-roseaa H a (a) pe@op~a c e K T o p a r o c y n a p c m e H H o r o y n p a B n e H H a ; (6) pa3BHTHe YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa H npHBJIeYeHHe E I H B ~ c T H ~ ~ I ~ ~ ; H (B) Pa3BkITEie ?leJIOBe?leCKEIX

p e c y p c o B .

6. flenex~bze nepesodbz. T W ~ K H C T ~ H T a m e HMeeT B ~ I C O K H ~ ~ y p o B e H b

B H ~ L I I H ~ G MHTpWHH, K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ OqeHHBaeTCH KaK B ~ I C O K H ~ ~ , a HMeHHO 1.2 MJIH. seJIOBeK.

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PaBHReTCH 12.0% OT BBn IIO OqeHKe ~ ~ ~ B E I T ~ J I ~ c T B ~ H A r n e BbIIIle, no APYrHM

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~ e 6 n a r o n p m ~ ~ o i i 6 ~ 3 ~ e ~ c p e n b l , K O T O ~ ~ H O T p m H w B a e T p a 3 s n T E i e MHKPO n p e n n p ~ l a ~ u j i

EI MCE. H e n a ~ ~ H i i O T ~ ~ T B C ~ M N ~ H O ~ O E ~ ~ I K $ I I O p e K O M e H f l O B ~ COBOKYIIHOCTb M e p

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IIyTeM YJIyYIlIeHW HHBeCTHuHOHHOrO KrmMaTa H yKpeIIJIeHHX p O n H @ H H ~ . H c o B ~ I ~

lIOCpenHHKOB M O ~ ~ Z ~ E I ~ ~ H ~ 6 e p e x e ~ H 9 H H H B ~ C T H U E I ~ ~ .

7. l7pusamurzaym. T W ~ K H C T ~ H y c n e I n H o n p o B e n nepenasy 6onbm~cma r o c y A a p c T s e H H b r x npennpm~i i , n e r a n ~ s w ~ m n p e n b m e r o pexma, B s a c m b l e P ~ K H .

I ~ ~ H B ~ T H ~ W H H M ~ J - I ~ I X n p e n n p ~ ~ ~ & yxe s a ~ e p m e ~ a , a ~OJI~IIIHHCTBO cpenmx H

KPYITHbIX ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H I I T H ~ , KaK OXHAaeTCH, 6 y n y ~ lIPHBaTH3HPOBaHbI A 0 KOHua 2007ro~a. 6

50JIbIIIe IIOJIOBHHbI KOJJX030B H COBX030B 6bIJIH nPHBaTH3HPOBtlHbI H YaCTHbIM

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BOBJIeseHHbIM B PZUJIHYHbIe KOMMepYeCKHe H IIpOH3BOnCTBeHHbIe B m b I , YTO

IIpOAOJIXaeT IIpelIXTCTBOBaTb pa3BHTPUO KOHKY~~HTOCIIOCO~H~IX PbJHKOB. O @ H I J H ~ T ~ ~ H O

( ~ H H ~ ~ I C O B O ~ BMeLUaTeJIbCTBO OCTaeTCH O4eHb ManbIM, HO HaKOnJIeHHiUI 3 a O J I X e H H O C T b

XJIOlIKOBbIX X O ~ I I ~ ~ C T B HBJIIIeTCH TaLOKe TOPMO3OM AJW ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H O T O PaCIIpeAeJIeHHH

PeCJ'pCOB B lTpOH3BOnCTBeHHJW ne5ITeJIbHOCTb. kI HaK0Hel.J YCJIJTH, npenOCTaBJWeMbIe

rOCYAaPCTBeHHbIM CeKTOPOM, BKmOYaR YCJIYrH COUHlLlIbHOrO H 3KOHOMH9eCKOrO

3anuc~a o Mepax nonumum dm T a d ~ u ~ u c m a ~ a : Y e m u ~ e ~ u e B 0 3 d e f i ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ e H e ~ ~ b l ~ nepeeodoe Ha Paxumue; BceMHp~b~fi Earn, 2006.

Cpen~ne n Kpynme npennpwrrTm Bce erne rrpwsa~n3~pprca. npenrrpm~m 6bmn pmrpynnqosarm Ha ~ p n KaTeropnn. nepsarr KaTeropm noKpbrsaeT 449 c p e n m n ~ p y m r x rrpennpm~nk, KoTopbIe n o m m 6b1~b npn~a~n3npo~amr rryTeM aylcunoaa; B T O ~ ~ A Ka-reropm noKpa1sae-r cnenymwie 102 KpynHbnr npennpusrmfi, ~ o ~ o p b r e A O ~ W C H ~ I 6b11-b rrpmaTmnpoBaHbI nocpencmoM rrponeneam TeHsepoB; A TpeTba KaTeropm sKmosaeT 37 cTpaTerwsecKnx O ~ ~ K T O B n ~ @ p a c ~ p y ~ ~ y p b r w npyrne npennpusrm. Te rrpenrrpmTm, KoTopbre BXOMT B nepByio n BTOP~IO KaTeropm a nonxHar 6b1~b I X O ~ H O C T ~ ~

rrprna~n3upo~a~ar no Koma 2007 rona. Ilna~br pec~pymypn3auna 6bmn IIOArOTOBJIeHbI m rrpennpmIlZi Tpe~beii rpynnbr, HO c uenbm rrprnnereHm sacmoro ysacTm, nan~bre m a w nonxm 6b1~b YCOBepUIeHCTBOBaHbl. 7 ; Bce~HpmrjS E ~ H K OKman nO~epxKy B IIpOBeneHAN ~IUJIOTHO~~ peCTpyKl'ypH3a4Wi HeCKOnbKIlX COBX030B U KOJlX030B.

XapaKTepa , OCTiUOTCX HemeKBaTHb1MI.I QOJIrOCpOrIHOrO POCTa kI C O K p q e H H H

~ ~ ~ H O C T H .

8. Papa6om~a da~rioti' Cmpamezuu PYc. B p a M K a x C T p a T e m H C o K p a u e H m

Gen~oc~n, I l p a m ~ e n b c ~ ~ o x e n a e T pa3pa60~an B c e 0 6 I I J p c.rpa-remm ~ ~ ~ B ~ I T H X

WtCTHOrO CeKTOpa. COO~IIJ~CTBO AOHOPOB B T m ~ m c ~ a H e I I O m e P X H B a e T

~ ~ ~ E M T ~ J I ~ c T B o B 3TOM XeJIaHHH. O ~ H ~ K O AOHOPbI OCO3HSUIH, YTO &lIX OIlTHMaJ'IbHOrO

kICIIOJIb30BaHHX IIOMOIIIJI, 0 ~ a 3 b l B a e ~ o f i ClpCtHe, H ~ O ~ X O ~ H M K O O ~ ) J H H H ~ O B ~ H H ~ U

cornacosm~brii nomon.

9. C 3~0j i uenb~) 6bu c03nm KOOPAHH~L~;HOHH~I~~ COB~T AOHOPOB, H am~bIji c o s e T coo61ua o m b I s a e T c o n e f i c ~ ~ ~ e l l p a s k ~ ~ e n b c ~ s y B pa3pa6o~~e ero c T p a T e r u H

COKpaII&2HUX ~ ~ A H O C T H (CCE). K O O ~ ~ ~ H ~ I J H O H H ~ ~ ~ ~ COB~T AOHOPOB T W e IIOMOraeT

~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B Y B pa3pa60me CTpaTeIMH pa3BkITEIII SaCTHOTO CeKTOpa (CPqC), KaK W C T b

n a H H 0 f i CCE. A a ~ ~ b I j i BOKYMeHT XBIIIIeTCR pe3yJIbTaTOM 3THX C K O O P ~ H H p O B a H H b I X

yc~naf i .

10. B ~aqecme nep~oro urara B ~ a n p a ~ n e ~ ~ n p a 3 p a 6 0 ~ ~ H c ~ p a ~ e r k ~ k ~ PqC, K o o p m ~ a ~ k ~ o ~ ~ b ~ i i C O B ~ T AOHOPOB H ~ ~ ~ B N T ~ J I ~ C T B O PT nOrOBOpHJIIlCb 0

KOHqeIITyaJlbHbIx PaMKtlX naHH0f i CTpaTerHM PqC. CIOna BXOnHT OIIpeneJIeHHe

IIPkIOPHTeTOB H e TOJIbKO pa3JIEIUHbM 3JIeMeHTOB Ca.MOg CTpaTerHH, HO T a m e OTneJIbHbIX

ne i i c~s~f i B p a ~ ~ a x K a x g o r o ~ J I ~ M ~ H T ~ . Y c ~ m a s n ~ s m KpHTepHa &~IX o n p e n e n e H m

IIpHOpHTeTOB Mep, nm~blfi ~OKYMCHT ~ a e ~ J I o ~ H S ~ C K O ~ O ~ O C H O B Z ~ H H ~ &lIX ~ ~ 0 f i k13

OTAeJIbHbIX qenefi, KOTOPbIe 6 b m ~ nOCTaBJIeHb1 Il0 K W O M Y HX 3JIeMeHTOB H TPe6ye~b1e A ~ ~ ~ c T B H R &lIX nOCTHlKeHEIR A & H ~ M I(eJIeg.

11. ICOHqEIITYAJIbHbIE PAMICH U OIIPEAEJIEHME IIPHOPHTETOB

12. ~ I H B ~ C T O ~ O B U I I p e n n p H H H M a ~ e n e f i ~ ~ C ~ O K O R T @ ~ K T o P ~ I , KOTOPbIe HSIXOmCII

BHe KOHTPOJIII ~ H P M . Kame TO U3 3THX ~ ~ K T O ~ O B 5IBJLRH)TCR YHCTO KOMMCPYeCKHMU, a KaKHe-TO M O T perynHpOBaTbCII ~ I o J I H T H K o ~ ~ IIpaBEiTeJIbCTBa, 3aKOHaMH, IIOJIOXeHHBMH

H WMHHHCTPaTHBHbIMH l IP0qeAYPaMH. T ~ K U M 06pa30~, KJUOYeBaR qenb ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B ~ H H o ~ ~ CTpaTerHH pa3BHTHX YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa n 0 n X H a 6bmb c @ o K ~ c H ~ o B ~ H ~ H a TeX PHCKaX H 3aTpaTaX, KOTOPbIe RBJIILIOTCII n0)JKOHTPOnbHbIMH

TIpaB~~enbc~sy H O C O ~ ~ H H O H a T e x n o n H m Y e c K m K y p c a x , s a ~ o ~ a x , n o n o x e H m m u aqMHHNCTpaTHBHbM. I IpOqeAypaX, KOTOPbIe IIPHBOWT KOMnaHHIO K OrPOMHbIM PHCKaM

~ 3 n e p x ~ a ~ , H e n p e o a o n m b I e 6apbepb1 H a B x o w e H w e B 6 ~ 3 H e c kinH ~ O B E , ~ ~ I O T

3aTpaTb1, CBR3aHHbIe CO B ~ ~ E I M O ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B H ~ M C ~ P ~ B U T ~ J ~ C T B O M , H BBSIRIOTCII TaKHM

06pa30~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ O J I ~ I U E I M IIPeIIIITCTBHeM ~ I ~ H B J I ~ Y ~ H H R H H B ~ C T H U H ~ ~ H Pa3BHTHB

Y a c T H o r o cemopa.

Henbsa y 3 ~ a ~ b HJIH n p e n y r s i q a T b , m o a s n a e T c a 6 0 n b r . u ~ ~ n p e n m c T s H e M nna HHBeCTOpOB H l l p e j l J T p U ~ H ~ a ~ e J I e ~ B T a n x ~ m c ~ a H e . TUM 06pa30~, 3JIeMeHTbI

E i H B e C T U ~ O H H O r O ICTMMaTa B C l p a H e , n p X M 0 H n H KOCBeHHO KOHTPOJIUPJ'IOTCII

~ ~ ~ B H T ~ ~ ~ c T B o M , YTO BbI3bIBaeT eIQe 6on~rue HeOnpeAeJIeHHOCTH J' UHBeCTOPOB H

n p e n n p ~ ~ m a ~ e n e i i , H m m T c a n p e m e T o M oco6oro BHHM~HHR co CTOPOH~I T e x , KTO

HeCeT OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a B ~ I P ~ ~ O T K Y n O J I H T U m H P p a B J I e H H e .

K ~ K TOnbKO 6 ~ 3 H e ~ OTKPbIT H HagEIHaeT @ ~ H ~ E I O H H P O B ~ T ~ EZTIU H H B e C T H ~ H N

CneJIZiHbl, 6onbrrra~ YaCTb T s i q x ~ ~ c m x ~ H ~ H ~ C M ~ H O B CTapaIOTCII CIIPaBHTbCII H n H

I I ~ U C I I O C O ~ H T ~ C X K 6onee BbICOKHM H 3 n e P X K a M HJM TPYnHOCTRM, KOTOPbIe XBXIIIOTCII

c n e n c T B H e M n o n m m e c K o r o K y p c a n p a s H T e n b c T s a u n H ero nei ic~s~fi , e c n H AaHHbIe

TPYnHOCTH H3BeCTHbI, a 3aTpaTbI H e BJIUXIOT H a ~ ~ ~ H ~ ~ I J I ~ H o c T ~ AeJIa HJIH er0 BbIXCHBaeMOCTb.

14. C ~ p a ~ e r k ~ a ~ a ~ x e ~yxcnae~cx BO B K ~ I ~ ~ ~ H H ~ I B ~ e e o p r m a 3 ~ a o ~ ~ b n r ~ e p o n p ~ l x ~ k ~ i i no MOHHTOPHH~Y, o q e H K e EI E I H ~ O ~ M E ~ ~ O B ~ U I O o nporpecce B

O C ~ e C T B J I e H H H CTpaTerkIH.

15. B KP~TKOCPOZIHO~~ IIepCIIeKTkIBe (B CpOK A 0 T p e X JET) , OCHOBHOe BHEiMaHkie

l lpaBHTeJIbCTBa Pecny6n~m T a q m ~ k ~ c ~ m AOJIIKHO 6b1Tb COCPenOTOSeHO H a YIeMeHTaX,

HMeIoQkIX HZlkiBbICIIIyIo IIpEiOpkITeTHOCTb. B EIX m C J I O B X O W T H e p B b I e TPkI 3JIeMeHTa

c T p a T e r m , a m e m o c o K p a w e H A e PIICKOB , yc-rpmeaae 6 a p b e p o B , K o T o p b I e B

PeaJIbHOCTH IIpenXTCTByIoT B X O m e H H I o B 6 k I 3 H e ~ , kI C O K p u e H H e k I 3 n e p X e K E l

T ~ Y ~ H o c T ~ ~ ~ n p k I BeneHkikI 6 H 3 H e c a . Heo6xonki~o T a K X e HaYaTb n P O B O m T b pa6o~y ki IIO

r e T s e p T o M y s n e M e H T y , KOTOP~IM x B m e T c x nomepma racmoro c e K T o p a B nnme ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ H ~ ~ ~ O H ~ B O ~ H T ~ ~ ~ H O C T ~ ~ ~ O C T ~ K ~ ~ O B O ~ O ~ O T ~ H ~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C O ~ ~ ~ C T B H H

pa3BHTkiIo. Kpamocpo.~b~e 3ma.M kI neficTBH5I H a X O m C X B COOTBeTCTBHH C ACCE.

16. B cpen~ecpomoii n e p c n e ~ ~ m e (CPOKOM no III~CTH n e ~ ) , n p a s k ~ ~ e n b c ~ ~ y

Pecny6nam T ~ X H K E I C T ~ H H ~ O ~ X O A E I M O IIPOnOJIXkITb BbmOlTHXTb 3WaZIkI, KOTOPbIe

AOCTaTOZIHO Ba)KHbI TOrO, w06b1 HX kIHHIJHHPOBaTb B H ~ z I W I ~ H O ~ ~ MOMeHT, OnHaKO,

x s m ~ c r r T p e 6 y I o Q E i ~ k I 6onee n p o n o n m T e n b H o r o B p e M e H a nm c B o e r o saseprue~m ( H X I ~ ~ I M ~ ~ , p e @ o p M a 3 a K 0 ~ 0 n a ~ e J I b H 0 f i C M C T ~ M ~ I ) . no M e p e TOrO, KaK n e p B b I e TPkI

3 J IeMeHTa CTpaTerEiH HaZIHyT OKa3bIBaTb CBOe B O ~ A ~ ~ ~ C T B H ~ , IIpaBIITeJIbCTBy 6 y ~ e T

H ~ O ~ X O ~ M O OIIepaTkiBHO IIePeMeCTEiTb ~ O K Y C CBOerO BHHMLXIHX H a BTOPbIe A B a

s n e M e H T a , O C O ~ ~ H H O H a nanb~efirnee c o K p w e H E i e k ~ s n e p x e ~ OT B e n e a m 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a H

c o 3 n m k 1 e 6onee Gnaronpm~~oro K n m a T a mu^ ero poc-ra.

17. B nonrocpowofi n e p c n e ~ ~ ~ s e (B CPOK no A ~ B X T H ne~) , n p a ~ ~ ~ e n b c ~ ~ o

M O X e T HaZIaTb B 6onbrneii CTeneHH HanpaBJUITb CBOH PeCypCbI , KaK ~ I O ~ X ~ T H O -

@ a ~ m c o s ~ e , TaK H n o H o p c K H e c p e n c T s a , H a nomepmy racmoro c e I c T o p a am Y B e n H r e H I W er0 npOkI3BOnHTenbHOCTki H POCTa Ka,ZIpOBOrO IIOTeH~HZUIa Am C O A ~ ~ ~ C T B H X

pa3BUTHIo.

IV. CHHXEHHE YPOBHII PHCICA AJIEI IIPEAIIPHHHMATEJIE~~ EI HHBECTOPOB

A. CAEJIAT~ HOPMM, KACAIOI~EIECII COECTBEHHOCTU U ~ P A B COECTBEHHEIKOB, EOJIEE H ~ ~ E W C H ~ I M E I

20. H3 BCeX PHCKOB, KOTOPbIe I l p e ~ I I p H H H M a T e J I H H HHBeCTOPbI B C T p e q W T B

p a 3 B E I B W ~ E I X C R CTpaHaX, ~m6onee C e p b e 3 H b I e B O 3 H H K W T B OTHOIlIeHHH npaB CO~CTB~HHOCTII. 3 ~ 0 3 a T p a l T B a e T KaK ABUXEiMOe, TaK H HeABHXkiMOe BMYLqeCTBO.

0 6 C J I e n o B a H H R H a M>OBHe CTpaH IIOCTORHHO I IOKa3bIBWT, s T 0 YeM H H X e H M e H e e

H M e X H a 32iIQHTa n p a B CO~CTB~HHOCTH, T e M H H T e 06u~fi nOTOK HHBeCTHPOBaHkIII H T e M

s a ~ e m e ~ ~ e e ~ K O H O M H ~ ~ C K H ~ ~ POCT. K ~ K no~a3arr~1 O ~ C J I ~ ~ O B ~ H H R * M ~ ~ I X

npOH3BOnCTBeHHbIX n p e ~ l I p H X T H f i , HpOBeAeHHbIe B nRTH C l p a H a X , HaXO.4H-CR B

npouecce n e p e x o n H o r o neptiona, ecnti n p e p m p m m a T e n H Y ~ B C T B ~ T , TO HX npma C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T H HeAOCTaTOYHO 3aLIJHZqeHbI H H a e X H b I , TO OHH IIpeAIIOYklTiiIOT

B K J l w b I s a T b MeHbLUe CpenCTB B pa3BHTHe CBOeTO n e J I a . Te l lpen I Ip I iHHMaTeJ IH, KOTOpbIe

H e V C T B Y I O T c e 6 ~ nOCTaTOWl0 YBePeHHblMH B H W e T H O C T H CBOHX npaB C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T ~ I , BKIIaL[aIBWT ~ P E I ~ ~ ~ E I T ~ J I ~ H O H a 40 IIPOUeHTOB M e H b U I e CB0ef i

~epacnpenene~~oii npa6bm, s e M T e n p e m p H H H M a T e n H , K o T o p b r e 6onee y s e p e H a r B

3XQHueHHOCTI.r CBOHX npaB C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T N .

21. Errre onm acne^^ ~WHTLI 1 1 p a ~ a C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T H ~ a c a e ~ c ~ pacnop~xe~ux IIpaBOM CO~CTB~HHOCTH. ~ o c J I ~ TOTO, KSLK I I p e n n p H H H M a T e J I b (HJM (i)ep~ep) I I p H 0 6 p e ~ a e T

H n H n o J I y Y a e T C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T ~ , 6 y ~ e ~ pmperueao n p e n n p H H H M a T e m o ~ c n o n b s o s a ~ b

3TY C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T ~ no CBOeMy YCMOTpeHHIO, HJIH n p a B O n p e n n p H H H M a T e J I 2 H a

HCnOJIb30BaHHe CB0ef i CO~CTB~HHOCTH 6 y ~ e ~ TOPM03HTbCR 3aKOHaMH H HOPMaTHBHbIMH

IIOJIOXeHHRMH, a T a K m e W H H H C T p a T H B H b I M H B M ~ U I ~ T ~ J I ~ C T B ~ M H ? A M O T e T JIH

BO3HHKHYTb PHCK 3KCnpOIIpHauHH CO~CTB~HHOCTEI IIPaBHTenbCTBOM kIJIH MeCTHblMH

sHHOBHHKaMH HJIZI, AOllyCTHM, K O H K Y P H P Y I O ~ M H I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H Z I M ~ T ~ ~ H ? T a K o r o P O n a

p ~ c m T a m e n p e m T c T B y T TOMY, m06b1 n p e A n p H H H M a T e n b A e n a r r a m x B e c T H u m B

C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T ~ . 0 6 e C r I e 9 e H H e 3aTqHTbI IlpLiBa C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T H H e T 0 HCIIOJIb3OBaHHH

Taror te 6 y n e T C O ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B O B ~ T ~ TOMY, m 0 6 b l 3 T a C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T ~ MOrJIa 6b1~b HCIIOJIb30BaHa

B K a s e c T B e sarrora, H T e M C ~ M ~ I M Y J I ~ L U ~ T I C R 6b1 AOCTYI-I n p e n n p ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ e n e i i K

@ M H ~ H C O B ~ I M CpenCTBaM.

l7pasa co6cmee~nocmu u @unancbl, ,&KOHCOH, M a ~ ~ u n n a ~ u Bynpy@, 1997 ron. (Johnson, McMillan and Woodruff)

8

npXSHTeJIbCTB0 I I p e m W a e T B O ~ O ~ H O B J I R ~ M ~ I ~ EI I IepeAaBaeMbIe AOJITOCpOsHbIe apeHAb1

H a CPOK OT 40 AO 70 n e ~ . ~ ) B H e K o T o p b K c T p a H a x 6 b m T a m e ynqumer-x nposecc A o n y c K a K 3 e ~ n e H s e ~ n e y c ~ p o i i c ~ s a , a B pane npyrnx c T p a H 6 b 1 n a n p o B e n e H a

3aKOHOAaTeJIbHElX p e @ o p M a TOrO, Y T O ~ ~ I TapaHTHpOBaTb pa3peI I IeHHe BCeX CIIOPOB H

p m ~ o r n a c k ~ i i ~ ~ K O H H ~ I M nyTeM.

23. B Pecny6nn~e T a ~ m i m c r n , K O H C T H T ~ ~ ~ r a p m ~ n p y e ~ 3a111,n~y OT

3KCnpOIIpHLUJHH, eCJEi TOnbKO 3TOTO H e T P ~ ~ ~ W T HaUOHClJIbHbIe HHTePeCbI, Aa H B TaKOM

CnyYae TOnbKO C IIpenOCTaBJleHkieM C O O T B ~ T C T B ~ E ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ KOMIIeHCWHH. Ha IIpaKTHKe,

OnHaKO, CO~CTB~HHHKII M O T 6 b 1 ~ b IIpOkI3BOJIbHO I IOmeprHYTbI 3TOMY A ~ ~ ~ c T B R I O .

Hanpn~ep, npasa H a n o n b 3 0 s a ~ n e se~nei i + e p ~ e p w u M o r y T 6 b 1 ~ b O T O ~ B ~ H ~ I , ecnn MeCTHbIe OpTaHbI BnaCTH (XYKYM~T~I) PeIIIaT, .IT0 3eMJuI ACnOnb3yeTCX $ l e p ~ e p a ~ U H e IIO

Ha3HaYeHHIO.

9 Land Markets, Muir and Shen, October 2005. (P~IHKH 3eunu. Myup u W ~ T , O K T I I ~ P ~ 2005). 10 B nocnernue rO@l npa~EiTeJIbc~~0 Pecrry6nu~u TWUKUCT~H TeCHO pa6omo C MeWyHaPOWIMU napTHepauu no p e m e m uenoro prrna m s m ~ o n p o c o ~ . B sacTHocTu, aremcmo EOCAH.IA TIpePOCTaBUJI TeXHWieCKyKJ nOMOwb &JM Hymn IIpOueCCa 3aKOHOPaTenbHbIX p e a o p ~ , a areHTCTB0 C&'fm odecnewina noasepxy pa3pa60me cucTeubr perucrpauuu 3emu.

6. KAK CAEJIAT~ ROHTPAKT~I EOJIEE AE~~CTBEHH~IMH

27. I l p e n r r p ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ e n u ~e O Y ~ H ~ OXOTHO HAYT ~a ~ b w e n e ~ ~ e pecypco~, e c n ~ y HkiX HeT YBePeHHOCTH B TOM, YTO KOHTpaKTbI 6 y n y ~ HCllOJIHeHbI H 6 y n e ~ ~ W ~ ~ ~ C T B O B ~ H

MeXaI-IH3M I I P H H ~ e H H X K BbIlIOJIHeHAIO KOIflPiiKTa. H e Y E l e p e H H o c ~ b B

X H ~ H ~ C I I O C O ~ H O C T ~ KOHTpaKTOB H o ~ X ~ ~ T ~ J I ~ H O C T H ETX BbIlTOJIHeHEISI 3aCTaBJlXeT

KOMIIaHHH B03AePXHBaTbCII OT BeAeHIlR AeJI C MaTIOH3BeCTHbIMH KOMnSLHHRMH, H 3T0 ,

T ~ K H M 06pa30~, c H H x a e T CTHMYJI~I nm M ~ O ~ O 6 ~ 3 H e ~ a K nepexony OT

H ~ O @ H U H ~ J I ~ H O ~ C YPOBHX B e A e H m AeJI K o@HI@iaJIbHo~y.

28. B ~ O J I ~ I I I H H C T B ~ C T p m ~ ~ P B H Y H ~ I ~ ~ MeXElHH3M lTPHHj9KAeHHR K BbKIOJIHeHHIO

KOHTpiiKTa 3aJIOXeH B c y ~ e 6 ~ 0 f i CHCTeMe. K ) P H ~ E I Y ~ c K ~ ~ X " B03MOXHOCTb

IIPHHynHTeJIbHOrO OCyl4eCTBJIeHEur KOHTpaKTOB B C ~ A ~ ~ H O M I I 0 p 9 9 ~ e " 3aBHCHT OT T a m

@~KTOPOB, KSUC ~ @ @ ~ K T N B H O C T ~ , YeCTHOCTb H He3aBHCIIMOCTb cyne6~0fi CHCTeMbI. no IIOBOAy H e 6 o J I b m w x KOHTpaKTOB B OTAeJIbHOCTW PeXe lTOnHIIMaeTCX BOnpOC 0 CElHmHRX,

eCnH OHH H A P B CYMMe C ApJTHMH TaKkIMH Xe CJIJWWMH H RBJZIIIOTCR YaCTbIO 06uefi 3aJJOJIXeHHOCTH - CTOHMOCTb CYnOIIPOH3BO~CTBa IIO HeBbIlTOJIHeHHbIM M W b I M

KOHTpaKTOM MOXeT IIpeBbICHTb CTOElMOCTb T p e 6 y e M o r O BO3MeWeHHR n O T e p b IIO CaMOMy

KOHTpaKTY. B OTHOLUeHHH TaKElX CJlyYaeB H ~ O ~ X O A H M ~ B ~ I P ~ ~ O T K ~ ClleUHaJIbHbIX

~ o J I o X ~ H H ~ . ~ ~ T K O C T ~ H C T a H n a P T H 3 W W I KOHTpUTOB, B KOTOPbIX 6b1 OnH03HaYHO G~IJ IH 0603HaYeHbl I I p a B a H O ~ I I ~ ~ H H O C T H CTOPOH, IIOMOXeT, lT0 ~cef i BePORTHOCTH, CneJIaTb HX

6onee nOCTyIIHbIMH B IXIElHe IIpHMeHeHHX llpHH)'~HTeJIbHOrO HClTOJIHeHHX, A r n e n p H

BeCbMa cna6oii cyne6~oii CHCTeMe, - YTO CJIOXHO CAeJIaTb B OTHOLUeHIIH M m b M

KOHTpaKTOB, JIHIIIeHHbIX Tpe6ye~0fi XCHOCTH H TOYHOCTII.

30. B nonrocpornofi n e p c n e K T H s e , o n ~ a ~ o , OCHOBHOG nonma XBJIIIT~CX

cyne6~arr c a c T e M a , ~o~opar r 6b1 H a m y s r n u M cnoco6o~ r a p a m a p o B a n a 3 a . 1 4 3 ~ ~ n p a B

n p e n n p H H H M a T e n r i H YBepeHHOCTb B TOM, 9TO HCIIOJIHeHNe KOHTpaKTOB ~ Y A ~ T

06ecne9e~o. B TO BpeMX KaK B ,LIOJI~OCPOZIHO~~ IIePCIIeKTNBe H ~ O ~ X O ~ M ~

-~ceo6ae~m11.1arr n p o r p a M M a p e 4 o p ~ b 1 cyne6~oii CHcTeMbI (CM. Ta6naqy I), B

~ p a ~ ~ o c p o s ~ o i i n e p c n e K T a s e 60nbrzrq?o n o n b s y M o r y T n p a H e c T H M e n K a e nonpmm cyne6~oii CHCTeMbI B I I n m e yJI)TLUeHkIX lTpHHynHTeJIbHbIX M e p K BbIIIOnHeHHIo

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s a p n n a ~ b r cymm, H a m a r e m e cynba H a B e A e H a e nena 6e3 ero n p e m a p u T e n b H o r o

YBenOMneHElrr, T ~ ~ ~ O B ~ H H X K CynbXM ~006KlJ i~b 0 CBOeM H M m e C T B e H nOXOAaX,

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32. A O ~ H B ~ T ~ C X IIpHHyIKAeHuR K BbIlTOnHeHHH KOHTpaKTa B P e c n y 6 n ~ ~ e T ~ U ~ K H C T ~ H CJIOXHO. K ) P E I A I I ~ ~ C K ~ X CHCTeMa H e MOXeT 0 6 e ~ n e ~ ~ b AOCTaTO9HYIO

YBepeHHOCTb B TOM, 9TO 6 y ~ y ~ nPEIHIITbI MepbI DO I I p H H m e H k I K I K BbIIIOnHeHHIO

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" Doing Business 2007, World Bank ( K ~ K nenaTb 6u3nec. 2007. Mwpo~oti 6 a n ~ ) .

11

@ a m p 1: O p w w u e u a ~ rsmw@urarycn u nonmmera. C Y A ~ H HMBOT H O P M ~ M B H ~ ~ ~ ~ YPOBeHb YHHB~FCW~TCKO~ nOAmTOElor Ha lapWU'leCKHX @aKyIlbTW&X n ilpolUilU npalcnclcy, l lpewe %M 6bl~b pO~YU$HHblMH K p a b ~ e HnH 6bllb nPHHRTblMH 0 q ~ e U ~ l ( y 0 KOMerMlo COmaCW TPe608aHWlM (623 MaTePHanbHblX WepXeK&tln cysfi) H YCEOHnH CWTEeTCTBylouyle npWMeTbl B

CCHOBH~U 06~4~1 H npoqeavpnbu o6nacmx ~ a ~ o ~ a , sonpocbl o ponn cypb~ B 06qecrse n smrecm HOPM~I. @ a m p 2: flpoqecc o~opdna~nasenun. Cypbn nanaralorcn Ha oc~ose o6bem~s~om qurepm. TaKoro KaK c w a aaakena, ycnesaeMocrb Ha lopm,qHrecKoM aa~ynbrere, Apyrme ~ypcb~ 06yren~u, OnblT p a w , npoWccmwm3~ n penyawn B l o p w e c l c o ~ m6qecrse. f l p ~ TOM, rro M ~ T 6bl~b aoenwenw n o n w ~ m e 3r1e~e~~b1, m cwwMa or6opa AomKHa npoEO#$TbCn HejaBHcHMblMH H ~ ~ ~ H c T P Z T H ~ ~ M H CYWMH. @ a m p 3: Henpepblsnoe mpuansecroe 06pa3osutwe. Cynb~ AOmbl npOXOW Ha prympnofi CCWBe n 6ecnnmo WJ Ce6~ npo@~~oH~bHylo WpHQTOTOBKy no BOnpocW, KOTOpble CypbH CaMH m n ce6n onpepmar B o 6 q e ~ mane, a Tame B m p m e :en@op~~posatim HX o P~~BHTHH KIPHCIWKO~ reoptim H npammm H HOBUM a n e ~ e ~ r ~ B npY$BCCHH. @ a m p 4: f lpegcnsumnbmo u e n b v r u m u rennepnoe paeenmo. BTHH~~CKM~ H pUlHmO3Hble MeHbWHHCTBa, a TXMe C6a nOM l4OIWbl6blTb nPWCTaQnetlM 0 06qeM COCTaBe HaMHHaHTOB H B qW0M B c ~ & @ ~ c K o ~ KOIUBrMH.

@ a m p 5: Cyndnoe paccuovnue ~aronopambcma. CyaeBnblR oprw wee r nanHo*lwwn onpenennrb oxowarenwya lcottcmfyqwotinocrb sawo~marenbcrsa H oQ~quant+~boc amos, H 3TH peluenw nannnrcn npHnypynent+IwMu. @ a m p 6: CypdHblIi n w o p 3a an~unwctparwenoti npamro l . Cype6~ble BnXM HMeKlr nMHOMWHR PaCCMarpHBnb aClMHHHCTPaTHEHble aKTbl H IlPHHyXUaTb npaBMEllbcTB0 K f le i i~ l~Hlo TaM, rAe no 3WHy TaKOe @kTBHe nPeAyCMOT~H0. @ a m p 7: Cyne6nu mpwcnuulun nan paxnancruklu cso6opauu. O p n c p ~ ~ l y l ~ nmercn SKCIII~HBHOR, o~omarenwf i ap~cp~qmei i H ~ A BceMH C ~ ~ ~ R M H , Mcaaupwtm rpqancnw npas H csdop. @ a m p 8: C W C T ~ M ~ nepecMoTp pena e anenmquonnou nopwre. Cype6nble pewnun MOW 6blrb nepmrpet ibl ronbno nyeM nepecMorpa gena s anennuqmoHnoM nopwne. @ a m p 9: Heysuenue K cyr\ylBb130~ B CYlJ flpunyxnenue. CYA~H H M ~ O T npaso Ha 8b13os B CYA. ~ a ~ a 3 a ~ ~ e 3a Heyeanenme K c y ~ y H norwoMorm K nplcnywenua, noropble nowexar HcnanHetiHlo H ysame~~lo H rqqqepnme EeMH APYMMH BeTBRMH IlpaBHTBnbCTBa @ a m p 10: m e m u nongeprnr . Cy~e6~an CHCTeMa HMWT pe%lbWD BO3MOXHCCTb OKa3blBalb BnHnHHe Ha pa3Wp BbU@l%?MMX CPWTB B C B W flWepXA)'3aKOHOflaTWlbHbMH HnH HCnOllHHTUlbHblMH BeTBRMH BnXTH, a KOrM CPeACTM BbUemloTCR cype6~oii CHCTeMe, OHa OCyq~CTRJlUeT KlHTponb H a CBWM C06~1BeHHbl~ ~K)@~~ToM H Hap TeM, MK 3TH CPwTBa PZXwloTCII. @ a m p 11: &elcsamomb 3apnnan.1 cypel . I 0 p m ~ p w c ~ a ~ cHcreMa B 06qeu cnocoba npunnerb n yAepxan wsan@~q~posan~~x lopacros, w b HM BOJMOXHCCT~ w e p x n b cson C ~ M ~ H H X H T ~ B

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OnblT. @ a m p 16: ~ M M ~ I I U T ~ T c y ~ l e l m n ucnonnenun o@uqumbnb~x 06namnocrea. Cypbn o 6 n ~ a o r HMMYHHTeTOM npH HCWXlHeHHH CEOnX 0@~UlwbLX ~flfle6Hblx 06n~iwnocreii. @ a m p 17: Yeonbnenue u nrcqnnnunapnble sab~utenlm cynel . CynbH M O Y 6bKb YEOJlEHM C pa60Tbl HnH HHblM c I W ~ J ~ ~ M HaKa3aHbl TOnbKO 3a OllpflC(eneHHble HaPYLUeHHIl CBOHX ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ H H o c T ~ A H nYmM OTK$lblTOTO npoLPCCa. CCHOBiwHOrO Ha 06belcrHBHbIX KpHTepKW. @ a m p 18: Hunauenue nnn seaenun nena. Cy,qb~ IiaJnWaloTcR ~ w e n m @a n y r e ~ 06aemn~~oro ~ e ~ o g a , ranoro K ~ K nmpeu, WH ~cxopp ~3 tu cneqm@wecnoi opm lc raq~~ H onwra e m i i H ~ H HHOR o6nacm, H OHM MOW 6wn OTcTpaneHbl OT pena TM~KO no 060cwea~~oi i npwnne, raoir nan nos@num Hmpecoe H ~ H cnHruKoM 3arpfletinuh rp@nr pa6o~b1. @ a m p 19: Accoquaqnu cyneii . AccoquaLpw CyqeCTByer c e n u ~ c r ~ e ~ w h qenblo ~auy lqan H orcramBart. Hmepecbl qpeii. H 3 ~ a opranwaqw almcBH0 peknyer. @ a m p 20: Qne6nble peuteuun u neaaronnoe snurnue . Cys6~b1e peuienm oc~oe~nalorcn Hcmwwenbtw Ha @amax H 3a~ow 6w naroonw60 w w ~ m OT crapuux cyneh (nanpuwp, npeawnra cyw), racniblx Hmepecoe WH Apymx nemeh enmu. @ a m p 21: 3rwsecrwii roaarc . Cype6nuh vmeKc ~MKH q q w m y e T ~ paccMorpnm s a ~ ~ ~ b l x aonpocos, r a m war: ~on@nnm HmepecoB, opuemaqm Ha owy m c~opon H HepmycTHMaR nonnrHrecKaR pemnwocrb. H OT cypeh Tpe6yercn npoirnr rpenutir m sonpocaw Kmetca naK ,qo roro, waK 6 ~ b ~PHMTUMH Ha pa6o~y, T ~ X H BO s p m ~ pa60m. @ a m p 22: flpoqecc w o 6 osnocmnbno nosenenun cypeti . Cyqmsyer orpryn~poeatinb~ii npoqecc, s parKax lloroporo ppyme CYWH, & ~ E O K ~ H o~I~I?C~LU?HHCCT~ mryr ~ a p e ~ c r p ~ p o s a n m o 6 u orHocwenbHo nose,qenun cypd. @ a m p 23: Aocryn 061qecmennom u c p e n m u a c c o ~ o l un@op~aquu na npouecc . 3aCeflaHbW Cypa RWnloTCR OTKPMblMH H W)W IlOteqaTbCR ny6nw.01 H CpeP,CTBaMH ~accoaoh HH@OPM~~HH. @ a m p 24: Ony6nuroeanue cyfldnblx pevcmul. Cype6nble petue~m o 6 w w ny6n~wym~c~ B empe ny6nw~oro owera H Tame ny6nurcylorcn 3narwenwble anemsrycm, H c m ~ O T V ~ I T ~ ~ #W H J ~ ~ H H R H

PaCCMOTpeHHR peHblMH H O ~ ~ ~ C T W H H O C T ~ O .

@ a m p 25: Baenue ~y~B6l Ib lX IlpOTOKOnOB . C ~ e t l o r p a ~ ~ a H Apyrme Haqemutble @ p ~ u ~ ~ H C H cype6nbtx s q a n ~ f i &wy-rcn H pocTynnbl o 6 q e c m e ~ m . @ a m p 26: 06cnyxwsamwrl nepman cyw. Y c y w e n oc~osHoir K ~ & ~ B C I A pecypc, n w 6 x 0 ~ ) 1 ~ b l i i eMy BblnonHenw c m i i pahb l , HanpHMep, nepconan p ~ l ~ sepenm C(M(~WHT~WH H

a p m , q ~ w ~HCMHHR. @ a m p 27: floauquu cynel . Cyqecreyer cmcreua cownun noebu cype ix~w M ~ C T no Mep so3tiHKnosenm H~O~XWHMOCTH. @ a m p 28: Cuera~a eeaenue polcyucmnquu u orcnsucsanm . Cyfle6~an cucreua imMepxHsaer pcxyMetmaqHlo no peny H orcnexlcaaer ero, r r o 06ecmasaer nposenenlle cnyruanm B omocwenwo 3@@1(1H~Haii Manepe. @ a m p 29: Ko~nbmrepnoe u o@ucnoe 060py~eanue. Cype6~m c m M a mcmwyer ~narwenb~oe r m o KoMnbKnepos H Apymro 06opyposa~m, r ro aaer e l ~ m m w o c ~ b CnpamTbcn c narpy3mR pen s OTHCCHTenbnO sQ@emsnoi MaHepe. @ a m 0 30: Pacnoenenemle u unnexcauun cvluemnomero aarononamnbma.

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12 Y~pennenue unsecmuyuonnozo wrwama u nrep no codeficmsuro prwsumuro smozo nrexanwa, FIAS- MIGA, asrycT 2006 rona.

14

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17

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19

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~ H T B Y , M ~ K ~ A O H E ~ I ~ H YK~SLIIHY.

57. Aefic~sy~orusur B P e c n y 6 n ~ ~ e T ~ ~ ~ K H C T ~ H C H C T ~ M ~ p e r ~ c ~ p a x m ~

MPKqHSeCKMX IILIV ( B B ~ A ~ H H ~ ~ I 3aKOHOM "0 ~ O C ~ A ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ PerHCTpaIJHH

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VI. CHMXEHME 3ATPAT H YAYWLIEHME EkI3HEC CPEAbI

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66. TO ~ a c a e ~ c a KPJTIH~IX K O M ~ I X H H ~ ~ , H M ~ K ) ~ x xopom~e CBII~H, B~POIITHO, OHM

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20 Ha ocHose cpenmx M ~ ~ O B ~ I X no~a3a~eneti. POCT n HopMaTmHoe perynupoBaHne. Bce~np~blt i 6 a ~ ~ , 17 MapTa 2006 rona. A B T O ~ ~ I : C m e o ~ ~ ~ H K O B , Kapanu Mamum u Pma Pmano, (PDF, 169KB) 2 1 Heo6xonmo ITPOBeCTH nWIbHehI& a H ~ H 3 3TUX CTaTUCTkWeCKUX naHHbIX. 3 ~ e ~ b pa3TpaHWHBalQTCR WUHHC~aTHBHbIe (MWIKH~) rIJIaTeXH U ¶aCTHbIe BbImaTbI (B DeHeXHOM UJIU HaTypaJIbHOM B ~ I ~ ~ X ~ H A U ) AOnWHOCTHbIM nUUaM BbICOKOM) PaHra, ~ ~ 0 6 b 1 IIOJI)'WlTb NMMYHUTeT UJIU nbrOTb1 / ~ ~ ~ e C T B a ("y3ypnau.m rocynapc~aa"). C~opee Bcero, npu ToseneHun onpoca n a ~ m ~ t i ~orrpoc 6b1n nomT KaK ~orrpoc, nonpa3yhfesalQ~uii nocnenaee.

24

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24 HMCE, 2005 r.. 26

Kon-so nposepo~ Cprnnnn nponamr. 38 npe& 12 ~ e e npoeepou (vac)

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27

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MHHE~CT~PCTBOM CBWH, MHHHCT~PCTBOM ~ A P ~ B O O X P ~ H ~ H E I X ) .

73. A H ~ ~ ~ O H BOllpOCOB, CTOXIQHX H a UOBeCTKe AHR, n O m e P K H B a e T

H ~ O ~ X O ~ O C T ~ peCTP)'KTYPH3aqHH ( ( T ~ , Q X H K C T ~ H A ~ P T ~ ) ) , a T a m e H3MeHeHHH

H O ~ M ~ T H B H O - ~ ~ ~ B O B O ~ ~ OCHOBbI B O ~ J I ~ C T H C T w a p T H 3 a H H H c ~ ~ T H @ H K ~ M H .

K O H K P ~ T H ~ I ~ BOnPOCM, BIUWYSLIOT TaKHe aCneKTbI KaK H ~ , I J O C T ~ T O Y H ~ ~ AOCTyII K

H H @ O ~ M ~ H H (OTCYTCTBH~ nP03paYHOCTH H OTCYTCTBHe A O C T y n a K H ~ o ~ x o ~ M ~ I M

AOKYM~HT~M), CJIHLUKOM A J I H H H ~ I ~ ~ n e p e Y e H b TOBapOB H YCJIyJ, nOnJIeXLl4HX

o 6 ~ 3 a ~ e n b ~ o i i C ~ P T ~ I @ E I K ~ ~ E I H H nepeo@op~ne~nm C~PTEI@HK~TOB, a T m e n e p e Y e H b

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n a 6 0 p a ~ o p ~ b ~ T~CTOB), ~ e n p ~ s ~ a ~ ~ e C~PTH@HK~TOB, B E . L A ~ H ~ I X B n p y r ~ x clpaaax, ~ b ~ c o m i i p m M e p nna~exeii 3a noJIyreHHe C~PTH@HK~TOB, a T a m e Y a c T w m o e

a) Y C O B ~ ~ I I I ~ H C T B O B ~ H H ~ I I p a ~ 0 ~ 0 f i OCHOBbI IIOCPenCTBOM IIPHHXTE.III H llPOBeAeHHX

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M ~ W ~ H ~ ~ O A H O ~ ~ I I p ~ E i K o f i H IIpaKTHKofi, IIpHMeHXeMofi B C?paHaX

Esponefic~oro C0Io3a. B ¶aCTHOCTH, H ~ O ~ X O ~ M O :

o 6 e c n e w ~ b ero npmrrme.

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~pe60~mm BTO, BKnIoYaR o m e H y T ~ ~ ~ O B ~ H N I I no n e p e o @ o p ~ n e ~ ~ w C ~ P T ~ I @ H K ~ T O B , a T a K X e OTMeHY T ~ ~ ~ O B ~ H H X B OTHOLIIeHHH c ~ ~ T H @ H K ~ H H YCJIJT.

B YaCTHOCTH, OCYQeCTBHTb C J I e m I Q e e IIpH C O ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B ~ I H nOHOPOB:

06ecnem~b B03MOXHOCTb COTPYAHHKOB ( ( T ~ A x H K c T ~ H ~ ~ P T ~ ) ) np0fiTki

KypC 06yre~w-1 03HaKOMJIeHkIR EIX C nepeAOBbIM OnbITOM CTpaH,

~ x o ~ r q m B BTO.

75. P ~ ~ Y J I ~ T E L T ~ I nOCJIep[HerO UCCJIeAOBitHEIR B 06nac~u T O ~ T O B J I E ~ ~ ~ C P e T O M

~ ~ H H ~ I X Omclema no s o n p o c m npednpu~uuamenbcmea (2006 zod) n m T o c H o s m u e

nonaram, WO, B c p e n H e M , no ~ u p y o n u ~ n e H b 3a,qepxm npu n p o x o x g e H u u

TaMOXeHHbIX n p O u e A y p IIpkIBOnkIT K CHHXeHUIO 06'beMoB 3KCnOpTa B CTPaHY

~ I P H ~ J I H ~ N T ~ J I ~ H o H a OAHH IIPOqeHT. Tmue 3aAepXKki OKX3bIBWT ewe 6onee HeraTUBHOe BJIEiELHUe H a 06'beMbl 3KCnOPTHbIX .JIOCTaBOK B CTPaHY, eCJIkI p e g b W e T 0

CKOpOIIOpTXQHXCR C ~ J I ~ C K O X O ~ R ~ C T B ~ H H ~ I X n p O ~ K T a X .

76. P ~ ~ Y J I ~ T ~ T ~ I n o c n e n H e r o Omclema no s o n p o c a ~ npednpu~uuamenbcmsa (2007 Zed), KaK nOKX3aHO B Ta6nuqe (CM. H E I X ~ ) CBHHeTeJIbCTByIOT 0 TOM, W O B

T ~ X H K H C T ~ H ~ ~pe6ye~ca 72 nHX &lU o @ o ~ M J I ~ H H R nOKYMeHTOB n0 3KCnOPTY kI 44 -

nm o@opune~ua n o K p e H T o B no AM~OPTY. B ~CJIOBWTX C T P ~ H ~ I , reorpa4mec~oe nonoxeme ~ o ~ o p o i i A e n a e T ee o ~ n m e ~ ~ o i i OT O C H O B H ~ P~IHKOB H rne CTOHMOCT~

3KCnOpTa (4300 nOJlJIapa C ~ K O H T ~ ~ ~ ~ ) Pi HMnOpTa (3550 nOnJIapOB CmA / K O H T ~ ~ ~ H ~ P ) EI TaK AOBOJIbHO BMCOKZi, 3 W e p X K H n p H O ~ O ~ M J I ~ H H H AOKYMeHTOB n0 3KCnOpTy Pi HMnOpTy Y B ~ J I H . M B ~ T CaI-IKUUH, KOTOPbIe C l p i t H a CaMa H a K J I a b I B a e T H a

ce6a B y14ep6 ce6e.

27 Trading on Time, M~HKOB, mpoiilu~ n ma^, RHBaPb 2006 r.. 30

O C y ~ e C T B J I e H H R 3 K C I I O p T a

CTOHMOCT~ 3KCIIOpTa (nonn. CILIA 4,399 1450 81 1 I~omet i~ep) ~ O K Y M ~ H T ~ I H a HMIIOPT 10 10 5.9 K O J I H ~ ~ C T B O L W 44 3 7 12.2 OCyQeCTBJIeHHX H M n O p T a

CTOHMOCT~ BMIIOpTa (nonn. CILIA 3,550 1589 882 IKoHTelHep) P ~ ~ T H H ~ O B ~ R OUeHKa IIO B H ~ I I I H ~ ~ ~ 163 TOprOBJIe

MCTO'IHHK: Bonpocai npennpuiiHMaTenbma, 2007 ron

78. ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B ~ ~ e o 6 x o ~ m o B K ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I I I H ~ CPOKH 0 6 e c I I e Y E l ~ b COKpaLqeHHe

CPOKOB, H ~ O ~ X O A U M ~ I X AJIX O@OPMJ~~HEIII AOKYMeHTOB IIO HMIIOPTj' H 3KCIIOPTY, m 6 b 1

OHH H e IIpeBbIlIIaJIH q H m a T H AH&, IIOCpeACTBOM IIPHH5ITHX C J I e m W H X Mep:

79. H a n ~ m e nOCTylTa IIpenIIpHXTHfi K KpeAHTHbIM CpenCTBaM XBJIIIeTCX BZiXHbIM

H e TOJIbKO AJIII CaMHX X O ~ ~ I ~ T B ~ I ~ I ~ M X C Y ~ S ~ K T O B C T O W H 3peHHX IIOBbIIIIeHHII

lTpOH3BOJIliTeJIbHOCTH H YCIIeLuHOrO pa3BHTHR, HO H IIOTOMY, W O 3 T 0 IIBJIXeTCII OAHHM H 3

@~KTOPOB, HeIIOCpenCTBeHHO 0 6 e c n e ~ ~ ~ ~ n 1 r n CHHXeHHe P O B H X ~ ~ ~ ~ H O C T H . B Ga~rnaaeru o K o n o 50 n p e ~ c ~ a ~ n ~ e n e i i 6 e n ~ b n r c n o e B H a c e n e H m , n o r r y w s r n H x

KpeAHTbI, CMO~JIH k 1 3 6 e ~ a n HHLqeTbI, B TO BpeMX KaK TOJIbKO YeTbIpe II O q e H T a H 3 TeX, Y* KTO H e cwen n o n y m T b K p e n m H b I e c p e n c T s a , c M o r n H TO cnenan. K p 0 M e T o r o ,

B03MOXHOCTb IIOJryYeHElrr K p e m T H b I X CpenCTB HBJTJleTCX n H C ~ l U H H H P y K ) ~ E I M

@UTOPOM K O M I I ~ H H ~ ~ , IIOCKOJIbKy 3aCTaBJIIIeT HX p a 6 0 T a T b , IIPHHHMaTb M e p b I jJJM

IIOBbIIDeHHX IIpOH3BOnHTeJIbHOCTH H yCOBepIIleHCTBOBaTb CHCTeMy KOHTPOJIII @~KTOPOB

PHCKa. B pa3BHTbnr CTPaHaX IIOBbIIIIeHHe IIPOH3BOnEITeJIbHOCTH TeCHO B3aEIMOCBX3aHO C

YBeJIHYeHHeM O ~ S ~ M O B HCIIOJIb3yeMbIX KpenHTHbIX c ~ ~ ~ c T B . ~ ~

6) ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H ~ I ~ MePbI H a 3 O p a IIO KOHTPOJIKI @~KTOPOB PEiCKa, BKmoYZM M e p b I

H a KOHCOJIHnHpOBFlHHOM YpOBHe, yC0BepLUeHCTBOBCiHHe KOplTOpaTHBHOrO

PyKOBOnCTBa B paMK2iX ~ ~ L H K O B C K O ~ ~ CHCTeMbI;

B) 0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ ~ i e B03MOIHOCTH AJM HHOCTPaHHbIX ~ ~ H K O B no B X O m e H H I O B

P~IHOK (PHH~HCOB~IX ycnyr B c-rpme; r) Y c o ~ e p m e ~ c ~ ~ o ~ m ~ e M e p no sarqu~e B K J I ~ K O B ,

A) P ~ ~ B H T H ~ M ~ I ~ ~ I - I K O B C K O ~ O JIkIKBElnHOrO PbIHKa, MHKPOKPe,4HTOBSLHEiR,

JIH3HHTa, UlTOTeWIbIX PbIHKOB H PbIHKOB K ~ U I H T ~ J I ~ ~ ~ ; H

e) Y c o ~ e p m e ~ c ~ ~ o ~ m ~ e nna~emoii CHcTeMbI am O T p a c n e B w ce~eii, OKa3aHHe C O ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B E ~ I C TeM, Y T O ~ ~ I @HHSLHCOB~I~ O p ~ a H H 3 ~ H R OXBaTbIBLUIM

HeKpJTIHbIe rOpOna , H T e M CaMbIM IIOBbILUeHHe o 6 a e ~ a @HHE~HcoB~IX

IIOCpenHHYeCKElx YCJIJT B c ~ J I ~ c K o ~ ~ MeCTHOCTH H C ~ ~ ~ C K O X O ~ ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O M

CeKTope.

8 1. B TO BpeMX KaK ~ ~ @ O P M H P O B S L H H ~ @ H H ~ H C O B O ~ O CeKTOpa C UeJIbIO

YJIJTIJIeHHX @ H H ~ H C O B O ~ O IIOCpeAHHYeCTBa XBJIXeTCX He06~0,Qi~bIM YCJIOBHeM HXR IIOBbILUeHHR B O ~ M O X H O C T ~ ~ ~ IIOJIyYeHHX KpeDJiTHbIX CPeACTB, K P ~ ~ H T O C I I O C O ~ H O C T ~

s a e ~ r q ~ ~ a T a m e n p e n c T a s m e T co6oii @ ~ K T o ~ , onpenenmow~ii nocl?;rI K KpenkITHbm

cpencTBaM. B Omyeme no gonpocm npednpu~wamenbcm~a (2007 zoo) y T s e p w a e T c x ,

YTO H 3 BCeX @~KTOPOB, CIIOCO~CTB)'IOUHX YJIJTIJIeHHIO nOCTjTIa K KPenkITHbJM

c p e n c T s a M , ~ a H 6 0 n e e B ~ X C H ~ ~ E I XBJMIOTCX H a n n m e CHcTeMbI n p e n o c T a B n e H k z R

K p e n H T H ~ f i H H @ O P M ~ H E I H XOPOLUO OTpeTyJIHPOBaHHZM 3UIOTOBZM CBCTeMa, a T a K X e

p a 6 0 ~ W u p 3 e 3aKOHbI 06 O ' N y w e H H H 3a nOnrEi H 0 ~ S L H K ~ O T C T B ~ .

82. B TO B p e M KaK B paMK2iX ~ ~ H K O B C K O ~ O CeKTOpa T w X J ~ K H C T ~ H ~

H ~ ~ ~ I O ~ W T C X IIPH3HSUUI YKPeIIJIeHHX, OH BCe Xe XBJIXeTCX OnHHM H 3 H a H 6 0 ~ 1 e e

M U I O M ~ C I J I T ~ ~ H ~ I X H YX3BHMbIX B PerHOHe. A0 H e n a B H e r O BpeMeHH AeXTeJIbHOCTb

KOMMePYeCKHX ~ ~ H K O B 6 m a B OCHOBHOM COCpeAOTOYeHa H a IIPeAOCTaBJIeHHH

KPaTKOCPOZMbIX TOPrOBbM KPenHTOB, YaCTO P ~ ~ O T H H K ~ M CaMHX Xe ~ W K O B HnkI

CMeIHHKaM. Hmme 06'6e~b1 IIOCpeAHHYeCKHX @ H H ~ H c o B ~ I X YCJIYr H a IIpaKTHKe

CO3AlUOT 6apbepb1 IIOnyYeHkur @HHC~HCOB~IX CpeACTB kI OrpaHHYHBZUOT TeMIIbI POCTa,

0 6 e c n e ~ ~ s a e ~ b r e Pa3BHTkIeM YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa, H, KaK pe3yJIbTaTY @ N H ~ H C O B ~ I ~ CeKTOp

OCTaeTCX CJIHIJIKOM M U I O M ~ C I J I T ~ ~ H ~ I M , Y T O ~ ~ I CJIJ'XHTb ,IrJ3HraTeJIeM POCTa.

Hec~o~prr H a p a Mep, n p m r r T b I x H W ~ I O H ~ J I ~ H ~ I M ~ ~ H K O M T ~ H K N C T W ~ c UenbIO

YKpenJIeHkzR ~ ~ H K O B C K O ~ ~ CHCTeMbI B C l p m e , a T a K X e COBepIJIeHCTBOBaI1MX IIpaBOBOrO H

H w 3 0 P H O r O P e X H M a B I IepHOn C 2000 r O n a , MBO PeKOMeHAyeT lTpHHXTb

nOIIOJIHHTenbHbIe MepbI IIO pa3BHTHIO 6onee KJIaCCkIYeCKOrO ~SLHKOBCKO~O CeKTOpa

o K a 3 a H m ycnyr c p e n H m H q y n ~ b m n p e n n p H a T H m . C ~ a 3 m ~ o e B K m o q a e T

BO3MOXHOCTb IIpElxOna B ~ ~ H K o B c K ~ ~ ~ CHCTeMY CTpaHbI K P m H b I X M e m Y H a P O n H b I X

~ ~ H K O B , pa3BHTHe JIHKBmHOrO PbIHKa, YKpelUIeHHe CHCTeMbI nPNHYnHTeJIbHOr0

BbIIIOnHeHHX ~ c J I o B H ~ ~ KOHTPSUCTOB, YCOBePIJIeHCTBOBSLHHe CHCTeMhI BHJTpeHHerO

y n p a B n e H m H nanb~efirnee pa3same M W K ~ O @ H H ~ H C H ~ O B ~ H ~ ~ I .

83. ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H Z M 3UIOTOBU CNCTeMa lTpH HUIHYIlH COOTBeTCTByfOaeTO

3aKOHOAaTeJIbCTBa IIO CneJIKaM, 0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ ~ b m 3aJIOrOM, I IOMOraeT 3aeMIUHKaM

IIOnyYMTb KpenkITHbIe CpenCTBa, a KpeAHTOpaM 6 b I T b YBepeHHbIMkI B TOM, YTO KpeJWT

~ J ' A ~ T IIOraIIIeH. T a ~ m HpaBOBaX OCHOBa IIO3BOJMeT KpeAHTOpaM CHH3kiTb C B O ~ ~ PHCK,

C B I I ~ W H ~ ~ C HenOraLIIeHHeM K p e W T O B H, KSLK Pe3YJIbTaT, 3aeMmHKH HMeEOT

B03MOXHOCTb nOJIyzIaTb KPenHTbI n P H 6onee H H ~ K O G I I P O ~ ~ H T H O ~ ~ CTaBKe. n p H

OTCYTCTBHH ~ @ @ ~ K T E I B H O ~ O ~ ~ J I O ~ O B O T O 0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ k 1 ~ KpenHToBaHHe c o n p s n e H o c 6onee BbICOKkIM PHCKOM H BCJIeACTBHe 3TOr0 , XBJMeTCII 6onee AOpOrkiM. B OTCYTCTBHH

c o o T B e T c T s p w e r o sanoro~oro 0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ k i x K p e m i T o p b I y B e n k i m B a m T CTOHMOCT~

KpenHTa C qeJIbI0 IIOKPbITWI CBOerO PHCKa, a TaKlKe C H H X W T 0 6 a e ~ b 1 KpenHTOBaHWI,

O C O ~ ~ H H O AJU 3aeMmHKOB, aCCOUHHpyIO4HXCII C 6onee BbICOKHM PHCKOM, B YaCTHOCTH,

AJIR He60JIbUIMX K O M ~ ~ H H B H nOMaUIHHX X O ~ I I ~ ~ C T B , HMeIOLqkIX HH3KHfi YPOBeHb AOXOAOB.

~ O M H M O IIpaB0~0fi OCHOBbI B m H b I M IIBJMeTCII llOJIJTeHHe CBHAeTeJIbCTBa 06 H M ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ nPkiHaAneXHOCTH H I IpaBa C O ~ C T B ~ H H O C T ~ I H a 3 a W I w b I B a e M O e

HMj'I@XTBO, ki B 3TOM OTHOIlIeHHH PezIb HAeT 0 ~ e H T p W l H 3 0 ~ a H H O f i CHCTeMe

P e r H C T p q H H npaB CO~CTB~HHOCTH, KOTOPM 6 y n e ~ HCIIOJIb3OBaTbCII B KaYeCTBe 3 W O r a , a T a K x e noJryreHHa c ~ ~ n e ~ e n b c ~ ~ a c m e c T B o B a H m npma y n e p x a H H a H M y r q e c T s a sa AonrH, npasa H C ~ O J I ~ ~ O B ~ H H R B KaYecTBe 3mora HnH H n o T e w i .

84. A O K ~ ~ ~ T ~ J I ~ C T B O M TOTO, YTO 3aKOHOAaTeJIbCTBO 0 CAeJIKaX, 0 6 e ~ l l e Y e H H b M .

3aJIOrOM, H e OTBeYaeT T p e 6 0 ~ a H m & f , CJIYXGiT IIpaKTHKa, I IpHMeHReMM B PaMKaX

~ ~ H K O B C K O T O CeKTOpa T a , q m m i c ~ a H a . PeIIIeHHe 0 I I p e A O C T ~ J I e H H H KPeAHTHbIX

CPeACTB B 3 H a ~ k 1 ~ e J I b H o f i CTeneHkI 3aBHCRT OT H W H w R 3WlOra, H, B CBH3H C

H ~ ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H O ~ ~ C E I C T ~ M O ~ ~ n p a s o n p H M e H e m x , cpenam CTOHMOCT~ smora B cnpae c HOBbIMH 3aeMLqHKaMH M O X e T COCTaBJIXTb A 0 200 IIPOUeHTOB. T a ~ m IIpOUeHTHM CTaBKa

IIBJMeTCII CJIHIIIKOM B ~ I C O K O ~ ~ , eCJIH yzIeCTb HH3KyIO (B c ~ ~ A I - I ~ M ) CTOHMOCTb OCHOBHbM.

@OHAOB. B b a e n e ~ ~ e ~ ~ H K O B C K M X KPenHTOB YaCTO OCy4eCTBJIXeTCII H e H a OCHOBe

OqeHKH @ H H ~ H C O B ~ I X PHCKOB, a CKOpee B CBII3ki C H W H W i e M c ~ R 3 e f l H KOCBeHHbIX

rapaa~nfi.

85. B T a , q m m c ~ a ~ e IIpaBOBbIe aKTbI II0 BOIIpOCaM KPenHTOBaHWI,

0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ ~ o r o ~ W O ~ O M , H H n o T e m Y a c T o A Y ~ J I H P ~ T ~ p y r npyra HnH n p o T H B o p e Y a T

npyr npyry. H a n p ~ ~ e p , B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3 e ~ e n b H b I M KOAeKCOM 3 N I p e 4 a e T C R

HCllOJIb3OBaTb HenBHXHh4Oe H M N e C T B B 0 6 e ~ I I e Y e ~ H e HIIOTCKEI, B TO BpeMII KaK

r p ~ a H ~ K H f i KOAeKC (1999 r.) H %KOH ((06 HlIOTeKe)) (1998r.) B K X I O Y m T IIOJIOXeHWI,

AOllyCKaK)II(He 3T0 . B KaSeCTBe n p H M e p a APYrHX KOneKCOB H 3SLKOHOB,

P a C C M a T P H B m 4 H X BOnpOCbI 3ZUIOra, MOXHO IIPHBeCTH r p a ) K A a H ~ ~ H f i I I p o q e c c y W b H b I f i

KOAeKC H 3aKOH ((0 3WlOTe nBHXCHMOT0 HMyIUeCTBa)). H ~ A O C T ~ T O K COrJIaCOBaHHOCTki

/ I I O C J I ~ ~ O B ~ T ~ J I ~ H O C T H kI HWHzIHe A Y ~ M P O B ~ H E I R YaCTO CTaHOBHTCII IIPHwHo~I

HeOIIpeneJIeHHOCTH / IIYTaHHUbI, TeM CaMhIM C H H X m ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H O C T ~ 3 a J I 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 f i

CHCTeMbI, !IT0 H e C ~ O C O ~ C T B Y ~ T pX3BHTHEO CHCTeMbI KPeWTOBaHkIR, a T a m e UOBbIIIIaeT

CTOHMOCTb K p e A H T O B a H m KaK B YaCTH IIPOqeHTHbIX CTaBOK, TSLK H OTHOIIIeHHH

CTOHMOCTH ~ W ~ O ~ O B O ~ O 0 6 e c n e ~ e ~ m K p a 3 M e p y CcynbI . B H ~ C T O R ~ ~ ~ B p e m

T ~ ~ K H C T ~ H T a K x e pmpa6a~bmae~ ~ ~ K O H ((0 pemcqaum npaBa H a H e n B H x c m o c T b ) ) .

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86. XOTR C H T Y ~ ~ ~ I I B T ~ A B K H C T ~ H ~ c TOYKH ~ P ~ H H R P ~ ~ C T ~ ~ H H n p a ~

CO~CTB~HHOCTH JI jTIIIe , YeM B HeKOTOPbIX COnOCTaBJIReMbIM C HHM CTpaHZiX (CM. H H X ~ ) ,

C m e C T B y e T H ~ O ~ X O A W O C T ~ C 0 3 A a H m e W H O r 0 P e e C v a , B KOTOPOM MOXHO G~IJIO 6b1

T a m e " o T ~ ~ ~ E I T ~ " ~ ~ O X ~ H H O ~ HMyrqecTBo. B p a ~ ~ a x p e r H c T p q H H npasa CO~CTB~HHOCTH IIPHMeHIIEOTCR IIIeCTb IIpOUeAyp, P e m C T p W m 3aHHMaeT 37 n~efi , a

34

p a 3 M e p IIOEtJIHHbI COCTaBJIHeT A B a I IpOqeHTa OT CTOHMOCTH EIMYueCTBa. Hnxe nPHBOAHTCR ~a6nuqa c ~ ~ B H ~ H H G CO CTPaHSLMEI B O C T O ~ O ~ ~ E B P O ~ ~ I H U e ~ ~ p a J I b ~ o f i

Asau, a T a m e C T ~ ~ H ~ M H 03CP. UH@P~I, o ~ p m r n u ~ e C T O ~ O C T ~ , BWM)Y~KYT T a m e

IIJIaTeXH KaK C~OPM, HaJIOlTi H a IIepeAav CO~CTB~HHOCTEI, rOCYAaPCTBeHHbIe IIOmSMHbI

M A p y r H e BRLIEJ nna~exeii, o c y r q e c m m e M b I x 3a ycnyra no peeclpy, n n a T e w i

HOTapHyCy, TOCYnaPCTBeHHbIM BeAOMCTBaM HJIH IOPHCTSLM. CTOHMOCT~ I I n a ~ e X C e g

BbIpaXaeTCR B IIpOqeHTHOM OTHOmeHHEI K CTOMMOCTEI HMYlqeCTBa, IIpHHHMCiX BO

BHHMZlHHe T o r 0 @KT, T O CTOHMOCTb HMyl9eCTBa B 50 BbILUe AOXOAI B PaCYeTe H a

omor0 Y e n o s e K a .

88. C ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ M H C T E I T Y U H O H ~ J I ~ H O ~ ~ C O C T ~ B ~ ~ O U ~ ~ ~ , 06ecner~samrsefi H w n e x a w e e @ y ~ ~ q a o ~ a p o ~ m a e K p e n H T H o r o p b m K a , I I B J I ~ T C H @ H P M ~ I ,

3ElHHMaIOLgHeCH BOnpOCaMH H H @ O ~ M ~ H H no KpenHTOpaM H 3aeMWHKaM, a T a K X e

npyroro poAa O ~ ~ ~ H E I ~ ~ H H , ~ ~ H H M W ~ H ~ C H y e T o M O ~ ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ H H @ O P M ~ H E I

KpenHTHOrO XapZiKTepa, KOTOPbIe IIpeA0CTaBJIIIK)T B03MOXHOCTb ~ M C T ~ O I - 0 nOJIyYeHHII

T O W O ~ ~ H ~ H E ~ @ E I ~ H ~ o B Z ~ H H O ~ ~ EIH@OPMSIIJEIEI 0 I IOTemHUIbHbIX 3aeMUHKaX. O n b I T

npyrax c T p a H n o ~ a 3 b m a e ~ , 6mpo ~ p e n ~ ~ ~ o f i HH@O~MWHH H n H p e e c T p b I E I ~ ~ W T

B~XHYIO ponb B p a c m H p e H m B O ~ M O X H O C T ~ ~ ~ AJIR M ~ J I O ~ O EI C p e n H e r o 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a , a T a K x e

PO~HHYHI,IX I I O T ~ ~ ~ H T ~ J I ~ ~ ~ no n o n y r e H a I o KpenH-rHbIx cpencm, a T-e B

llpeAOCTaBJIeHHEI KpenHTOpaM H H @ O P M ~ E I E I 0 KP~AHTOCIIOCO~HOCTEI IIOTeHqHaJIbHbM

3aeMuHKOB, TeM CaMbIM no6ymnsur 3aeMLgHKOB K I I O ~ a L I l e H m lIOJryYeHHbIx KpeAHTOB.

Kpen~mb~e p e e c T p b I (610po) II03BOJIXlOT APJTHM KpeAHTOpaM XIOnyrMTb E I H @ O P M ~ H K ) 0

P e n y T a H H 3aeMmHKa IIOCpeACTBOM 06MeHa UH@OPMSUJEIEI 0 K ~ ~ A H T H O ~ ~ HCTOPHH

3aeMLgEIKa M e w KpeAHTOpaMkI, T O T a K X e nO3BOJUIeT CHH3HTb H3AePXKM H a

IIpOBeneHHe COOTBeTCTByIoQHX n p 0 B e p O K 3aeMLgHKa H C ~ O C O ~ C T B ~ ~ T yCT5LHOBJIeHHIO

H&&lleXqHX IIpOqeHTHbIX CTaBOK no K p e m T a M .

89. B HaCTOXLgee BpeMR B T ~ ~ ~ X G ~ K H C T ~ H ~ OTCYTCTBYeT KPeAHTHOe 610p0, nO3BOJUIIOLgee IIOnyYaTb CBeneHHH 0 K ~ ~ A H T H O ~ ~ HCTOPHEI H HeIIOI-aLIleHHbIX K p e m T a X .

3a HCKmoseHEIeM ~e6onbmofi rpJTInbI KJIHeHTOB, HMeH)uEIX A . J I H H H p K P e A H T H p

HCTOPHIO, B OTHOIIIeHHH nPJTHX 3aeMLgHKOB ~ ~ H K E I H e HMeIOT COOTBeTCTByIoQHX

MeXaHH3MOB, II03BOJMIOZ4HX OUeHHBaTb @ ~ K T O P ~ I PHCKa, a TaKHce K ~ ~ A H T O C ~ O C O ~ H O C T ~

CBOHX KJIEIeHTOB. B 3TOM OTHOIIIeHHH C UeJIbIO C O A ~ ~ ~ C T B H R 3KOHOMHYeCKOMY POCTY H

o ~ ~ c I I ~ Y ~ H H I O AOBepHII K K P e m H b I M PbEIKaM ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ C T B Y T ~ A X H K E I C T ~ ~ H ~ o ~ x o A E ~ M o 0 6 e c n e ~ ~ T b H w J I e X m e e @JTIKLI[HoHHPoBZ~HH~ Kpenl iTHbIX ~ I O P O ,

YCTPZtHHTb IIpenHTCTBHH mpHJ@iseCKOrO X a p a K T e p a AJuI 0 6 M e H a K ~ ~ P ; H T H O ~ ~

H H @ o p ~ a q E i e f i H C03naTb CTHMYJIbI 0 6 M e ~ a H HZiJIJeXWerO HCnOJIb30BaHHH

K P ~ A H T H O ~ ~ EIH@OPMSUJIIEI. K ~ K TOJIbKO K P ~ J @ ~ T H ~ G P e e C T p HaYHeT @ J T I K ~ H o H H P o B ~ T ~ H

er0 6 y ~ y T HCIIOJIb30BaTb K p V H b I e KpeAHTHbIe y r I p e W e H H H , CyrrIeCTByeT BepOHTHOCTb

93. O K O ~ O 90 IIpOUeHTOB I IpempHXTHfi , yrIaCTBOBaBIIlHX B PaMKaX

H c c n e ~ o ~ m ~ x no B o n p o c a M M a n o r o t~ c p e n H e r o 61i3Heca (2005 r o A r.) nonaranncb H a

H e p a c n p e n e n e H H p n p H 6 b m b AJUI ocyLqecTsneHIur ~ a n ~ ~ a x o ~ n o x e ~ ~ i . Cornac~o HCCJIe~OBaHHIo B Tmmmc~aHe IIPOIJeHTHOe OTHOLUeHHe HOBbM ~ I H B ~ c T H ~ H ~ ~ ,

@HHaI- l c~pye~bIX 3a CYeT O@EILIJ~SUI~HO IIOnyYeHHblx K p e m T H b M CpenCTB, COCTaBHnH

M e H e e m T H npOUeHTOB. A B ~ T m k I rrpennpmii, O ~ C J I ~ ~ O B ~ H ~ I X M@K, C%iTmT

npo6ne~y n o c T y n a K @ H H ~ C O B ~ I M C p e n c m a M on~oi i ~3 OCHOBH~IX n o M e x B e A e H m

6 ~ 3 H e c a . Henoc~a~owoe pa3BHTHe @HHWCOBOTO CeKTOpa, a T a K X e HenOCTaTOYHOe

IIOHHMaHHe ~ W K ~ M E I BOIIPOCOB KpemTOBaHHR MaJIOrO H CpeAHeTO 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a CyUeCTBeHHO OI'paHHWlBaIOT BO3MOXHOCTH IIOJIFeHkIX KPenHTHbIX CpeACTB. Henas~o IIpOBeneHHaR B c ~ M H P H ~ I M ~ ~ H K O M OUeHKa HHBeCTHUHOHHOrO KIMMaTa B T W X H K I I C T ~ H ~

n a e T OCHOBSLHHR I IOnaraTb , m0 6onee 75 IIpOUeHTOB O ~ O ~ O T H O ~ O KCilTHTaJ'Ia

o ~ c J I ~ ~ o B ~ H ~ I X TmXHKCKMX K O M I I ~ H H ~ ~ O ~ ~ C I I ~ Y H B ~ ~ T C R 351 CYeT BHj'TPeHHkIX CpeACTB

HnH ~epacnpenene~~oi i n p k 1 6 b m ~ , H a BTOPOM M e c T e B M TOM CnkicKe - n e H e x H H e

3 1 Bonpocn npennpmmiaTenacTsa, 2007 r. 3 7

K ~ K B m H O H3 ~a6mub1, I I p E i B e ~ e H H 0 f i HHXe, OCHOBHbIe np06JIeMb1,

OTpiLHHYEiBiiIO4He B03MOXHOCTH I I O ~ e H H X @ H H ~ ~ H C O B ~ T X CpeACTB B T ~ ~ H K H c T ~ ~ , BKJIIOriUOT CJIeAyEoIQee: HeAOCTaTOrIHO p a 3 B H ~ b 6 ~ ~ H K O B C K E ~ ~ ~ CeKTOp, OTCJJTCTBHe

KPeAHTHbIX m H T C T B , I I p e A O C T a B J I I I I o ~ KpeAEiTHYIO HH@oPM~I&~K), a T a K X e

HenOCTaTOK I I p e f l c K a 3 y e ~ o f i H O ~ M ~ T H B H O - n p l L B 0 ~ 0 f i OCHOBbI W CO3AaHHH

~ @ @ ~ K T H B H O ~ ~ ~ & I I o ~ o B o ~ CHCTeMbI.

~ I W ~ K C IIPOYHOCTH / 3aIQHLqeHHOCTH 4 3aKOHHbM n p a B (1-10)

k i ~ n e ~ c c T e n e H H o x s a T a ~ p e n k ~ m o f i 0 HH@OPMWHH (0-6)

O X B ~ T r o c y n a p c T s e H H o r o peecTpa 0 (npouem sspocnoro nacenenm) O X B ~ T racmoro 6mp0 (npouem espocnoro 0

94. YBeJIH%HHe 0 6 ' b e M o ~ BHYTPeHHkIX ~ ~ ~ ~ M C T B O B ~ H H ~ B pE3MKCi.X o @ H ~ H ~ J I ~ H o ~ o

CeKTOpa A 0 15 HPOueHTOB OT 0 6 a e M a HOBbIX H H B ~ C T H ~ J H ~ ~ B TeYeHHe IIOCJIeAyIOLqHX T p e X

JIeT IIOCpeACTBOM YJIyYmeHWI AOCTyIIa KOMnaHHfi K K P e m T H b I M CpeACTBaM B

T ~ X H K H C T ~ L H ~ BBIIReTCB ~ O C ~ A ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ UeJIbIo. f l p a B H ~ e J I b c ~ B 0 IIpt iMeT CJIeAyIomEie

c T p a T e r H r e c K H e M e p b I AJIH A o c T H m e H m 3m uenefi. (Bonpoc p e @ o p ~ ~ p o s m ~ a H

yKpeIIJIeHHH ~ ~ H K O B C K O T O CeKTOpa ~ Y A ~ T P e U a T b C R OTAeJIbHO B P a M K a npyr0fi ~ O C ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ npoTp2iMMb1):

6) B s e n e ~ H e B neficm~e r n ~ y c o B e p w e H c T B o B a H H e ~ ~ K O H O B o smore H H n o T e K e

W M TapMOHH3ZllJHH H O P M ~ T H B H O - I I ~ ~ B O B O ~ ~ OCHOBbI, p e 1 ~ J I H p y I o I Q e f i

B o n p o c b I K p e n m o B a H m n p H H ~ J I H Y ~ L H sanora, c uenbIo 06ecne9e~~rr IIOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHOCTH H COOTBeTCTBHH C HepeAOBbIM M e W Y H a P O A H b I M

O ~ ~ I T O M . H o p ~ a m ~ ~ o - n p a ~ o s m o c H o s a nonxaa 06ecnewsa~b c~~e~y~orqee :

Y e ~ m e H H o m T H b I e n p a B H n a 06ecnesesm n p H o p H T e T H o c T H HCKOB

K p e ~ T O p O B IIO 3WIOXeHHOMy IlMJ'IQeCTBY H a OCHOBe IIOpIInKa

"co~epnre~cma" T.e. s a ~ e c e ~ ~ b ~ e B peeclp.

B) Y C O B ~ P I I I ~ H C T B O B ~ H H ~ CHCTeMbI PerkICTpaLIkIN nBHXkiMOT0 N HenBNXCHMOrO

H M m e C T B a IIOCpenCTBOM MOnePHH3XJHH CHCTeMbI N BBeneHNII I I o J I o x ~ H H ~ ~ 0

C03naHHH ~ ~ H T ~ ~ J I H ~ o B ~ H H o ~ , K O M I I ~ K I T ~ ~ N ~ N P O B ~ H H O ~ ~ 6a3b1 naHHbIX C

IJeJIbIO y Y e T a 3a.JIOra nBHXHMOT0 H HenBHXHMOTO N M m e C T B a , I IPN K O T O P O ~ ~

H H @ o ~ M ~ L ( N I I IIO yKa3aHHbIM o ~ ~ c I I ~ Y H T ~ J I ~ H ~ I M HHTepeCaM 6 y n e ~ n 0 C T y I I H a

o6wero IIOJIb30BaHkur (IIoNcK~).

JIpn~ep VI: Hanorosa~e nnaTexw

98. I I o c p e n c ~ ~ o ~ n p H m T k V r c n e n p m x M e p I I p a s ~ ~ e n b c ~ ~ o n p e c n e A y e T uem no y n p o w e H H m p e m M a ~ a n o r o o 6 n o x e ~ ~ a sepes c o K p a r q e H H e H a n o r o s b m nna~exeii B

ron AM M e m x n p e a n p m ~ ~ i i , w o 6 b 1 K o n H s e c T B o s~ux nna~exeii H e npesblruano 30, a T a K X e no COKpaI4eHHIo CPOKOB, ~ e 0 6 ~ 0 l l t i M b I X AJLII IIOnTOTOBKN, o @ o ~ M J I ~ H H X

AoKyMeHToB H p n a T b I H a n o r o B , w06b1 sa~pavw~ae~oe H a s ~ o spew H e npesbmano 200 n~ei i :

a) B H ~ C ~ H H ~ IIOIIpaBOK B Hanoro~bfi KOneKC C UeJIbH) M e T O m O T O CHHXeHHX

KOJIHYeCTBa BbIWIaYHBaeMbIX HUOTOB, a T a K X e COKpaIJIeHWI CPOKOB,

H ~ O ~ X O ~ H M ~ I X AJIX ~OArOTOBKM, o @ o ~ M J I ~ H ~ I I I AOKyMeHTOB H BbIIInaTbI

HWIOTOB.

99. ~ ~ o H ~ B o ~ H T ~ J I ~ H o c T ~ B WCTHOM CeKTOpe 6 y A e ~ PaCTH, eCnH 6 y ~ e ~ W T H

IIOCTOIIHH~G lTpOueCC 3aMeHH I I p e ~ l l p H J M X f i , HMeIomknr HH3KYIO ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H O C T ~ ,

IIpeAIIpIiKTwHMH, lTPOU3BO~TeJIbHOCTb H 3KOHOMH9eCKLlR ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H o c T ~ KOTOPbIX

BbIlIIe. E c n ~ AaTb B03MOXHOCTb M e H e e ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H ~ I X @APM~M YAePXHBaTbCR H a PbIHKe,

TO 0614a IIpOH3BOAHTeJIbHOCTb B PaMKaX WCTHOrO CeKTOpa 6 y A e T HHXe. ECJIH U e H a

H e y c n e x a 6 y ~ e ~ B ~ I C O K O ~ , n p e A n p u H u M a T e n u ~ Y A ~ T oc~opomo n p u H H M a T b p e m e H u e o BCTjTJIeHUH B PbMOK H 3T0 IIpUBeAeT K 3 a M e m e H H I o Pa3BHTMII YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa.

On~oi i u3 C o c T a B m ~ x q e H b I npoBaTIa 6u3~eca, B A o n o n H e H H e K c t m e i i ~ y

HeyAaYHHKa)) H nPJTEIM aCIIeKTaM, IIBJIXIOTCR A3AePXKEi, CBX35LHHbIe C 3aKPbITAeM

npennpmnia.

a) P e a o p ~ ~ , n p o s e n e H H b I e B Yeuc~oii P e c n y 6 n H K e , ~ O ~ B O J I H J I H ~ H ~ Y E I T ~ J I ~ H O

COKPaTHTb BpeMH H a l IpOBeneHHe IIpOIJenypbI ~Z~HKPOTCTB~.

6) B Cep6m BBeneHO T p e G o ~ a m e , y c T a H a 5 n k I B m r q e e B p e M e H H g e PaMKkI H

CTaHnapTbI A M ~ p ~ ~ ~ X KOHKM)CHO~~ M ~ C C O ~ I I p H IIpOBeneHIlkI

I I p O 4 e m b I ~ ~ H K P O T C T B ~ . Tame H3MeHeHHH JTIPOWLUOT n o n y Y e H H e

IIPeAIIPHHTHXMIl KpeAHTHbIX CpeACTB, n0CKOJIbKy KPeAkITOPbI 3 H W T , YTO OHH

MOrYT B3bICKaTb HMYLqeCTBO 3 8 AOJIrkI n p H HeBbIIIJIaTe KpenHTa .

B) Kpem~opb~ B P ~ M ~ I H H ~ I ki CJIOB~KHH EiMeEOT B03MOXHOCTb 6onee aKTHBH0

P a C T B O B a T b B IIpOIJeAype ~ ~ H K ~ O T C T B ~ , TaK KaK OHH M O T CO3Aa5aTb

KOMHCCHH IIpeACTaBJIeHkTII CBOHX HHTepeCOB.

r) B IOm~oii Kopee O ~ ~ ~ A H H ~ I J I H s e T b r p e ~ ~ K O H O A ~ T ~ J I ~ H M X aKTa,

paCCMaTpHBWr4E.rX BOnpOCbI ~ ~ H K ~ O T C T B ~ B O m H , H a p R A y C APJTHMEI

MepaMH, I I p e n O C T a B J M I O ~ H M H KpenHTOpaM 60mme n p a B n p k I IIpOBeAeHHH

I I p O I J e m b I ~ ~ ~ H K P O T C T B ~ .

n) B MaKenoHkIkI (@PK)) IIpOBeneHbI P ~ @ O ~ M ~ I , B pe3yJ IbTaTe KOTOpbIX ~F,J.J-IH

ycTaHoBneHb1 YeTKHe CPOKEI, B ~ Y U n o n a Y y a n e n m q H o H H m xa.1106, a T a m e K p e n m o p a M n p e n o c T m n e H o npmo 6onee a K T n B H o r o F a c T m B

n p O 4 e n y p e ~ ~ H K ~ O T C T B ~ . (B TO Xe BPeMR Y ~ ~ ~ K E I C T ~ H nOIIIeJI B O ~ ~ ~ T H O M

HaIIpaBJIeHHH, CHH3HB nPHOPHTeTHOCTb HCKOB KPenHTOPOB, B b I A W U H X

CCYA~I non saner.)

I Ipa~ep VIII: 3altcpbl~ae npennpeu~afi

IIOJITOB (uemo~ Ha nonnaol

104. H e o 6 x o g ~ ~ o OTMeTHTb, YTO B YaCTHOCTH, B T ~ X E I K H C T ~ H ~ , Gpem, CBR3aHHOe C UpOBepKaMH, npOBOnHMbIMH HaTIOrOBbIMH OpraHaMH, OqeHKaMH,

llpOBOnHMbIMH IIpH 3aKPbITkIH n p e f l I I p ~ H f i , XBIIIILOTCX O C O ~ ~ H H O 3aTpyAHHTeJIbHbIM,

3 a C T a B W IIpefiIIpHXTHR, yXe H e XBJIXIo~HeCR COCTORTeJIbHbIMEI, I I p O n O n X a T b ((BJIartITb

XaJIKOe C ~ e C T B O B Z l H H e ) ) ; n p H 9 e ~ T~ICXZIEI T ~ K E ~ X H P ~ A ~ ~ ~ U R T N ~ ~

IlpOaOJIXXfOT YHCJIHTbCR, XOTX y-Hce H e @ ~ ' H K ~ N O H N P ~ I O T . C Y ~ ~ C T B ~ ~ T BePORTHOCTb

T o r o , YTO B n p x ~ e n e ~ ~ o i i H H x e ~ a 6 m i U e V H I H e o T p a x e H b I T a m e n p e n n p n x T m .

a) n p o ~ e n e ~ ~ l e o63opa 3aKOHOB 0 ~ ~ H K P O T C T B ~ H BHeCeHHe H ~ o ~ x o J ~ H M ~ I X

nonpmorc, c uenb~o y n p o m e H m n p o q e A y p b r G ~ K P O T C T B ~ H c m x e H m ee CTOHMOCTH.

VII. IIOAqEPXICA YACHOrO CEKTOPA AJIH YBEJIEIYEHEM IIPOH3BOAllTEJIbHOCTkI kI

YEJIOBEYECICOrO IIOTEHqllAJIA C LI[EJIbH) CTllMYJIEIPOBAHEW POCTA

106. Ta,qm~cmfi ~ P ~ A I I P H H H M ~ T ~ ~ ~ 0 r p m ~ r e ~ B K O H T ~ K T ~ X c MHPOM. XOTH HeKOTOpbIe CTapbIe OTHOrneHkW CO BpeMeH COBeTCKOrO n e p H O n a B O ~ O ~ H O B ~ T C X , TaK

KaK npHBaTH3HPOBaHHbIe lIpennpHHTkIII B HpJTHX p e c n y 6 n k I ~ a X 6bmmero COBeTCKOrO

coma n p o q s e T a m T , TeM H e MeHee , TO x B n e H H e p a c c M a T p m a e T c H K ~ K HcKmoseHkIe , a H e

npaBWI0. n0cJIe pa3BaJIa COB~TCKO~O COIO3a, TpWHuHOHHbIe TOprOBbIe CBH3H AJI5I p e a n k 1 3 a s ~ ~ ~ ~ O A ~ K U H H c n p e n n p ~ a ~ ~ i i T W X H K E I C T ~ H ~ 6 b m ~ p a 3 0 p ~ a ~ b 1 , a o c T a B m a e c a

pa30pBaJIHCb BO BpeMH r p w W I c ~ 0 f i B O ~ ~ H ~ I . B Te '4eHHe 3TOTO n e p H O n a , TPZQHqHOHHbIe

TOprOBbIe n a p T H e p b 1 IIepeOpHeHTHpOBaJIH CBOH HCTOZMHKM IIOCTaBOK H a PelXOHaJIbHbIe

H M e w H a P O A H b I e . n p 0 ~ 0 J I X U i ~ e J l b ~ b ~ POCT H ~ ~ H B ~ P c H @ H K ~ I J ~ I I I n o ~ p e 6 y e ~ x H ~ H ~ ~ c T o ~ ~ ~ I I B o c T H 3THX BHOBb YCTaHOBJIeHHbIX TOPrOBbIX ~ B H 3 e f i H OnpeAeJIeHHH

HOBbIX TOPrOBbIX B O ~ M O X C H O C T ~ ~ ~ kI HCnOJIb30BSLHHe HOBbM KOMMePWXKHX 6 H 3 ~ e ~ a .

110. K ~ K TOnbKO 6 y n e ~ 3 H a s H T e n b H O YCkIneH E I H B ~ C T H ~ H O H H ~ ~ KIIHMaT H

KOMMepWCKaR C p e n a AJur BeneHHH 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a , ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ J I ~ c T B o , B03MOXH0, TSWKe

n 0 X e J I a e T npenOCTaBHTb HeKOTOPyIO B b 1 6 0 ~ 0 ~ l I O m e P X K Y saCTHOMy CeKTOPY AJLII y n p r u e H m ~ ~ O H ~ B O ~ H T ~ J I ~ H O C T H H n o s b m e H m s e n o s e s e c K o r o n o T e H q m n a ,

H e 0 6 ~ 0 ~ M b I X AJIX POCTa. B ~ a ~ 0 f i CTpaHe KaK T~AXHKIICT~H, me PbIHKH H n O C T y n K

PbIHKY HenOCTaTOmO pa3BHTb1, TaKaR n O J U e P X K a M O X e T BKJIIO'X'iTb B ce6a HaJIH'4He

c q x 6 AJLH nomepxm 6 ~ 3 H e c a H a o c H o s e cnpoca, c o n e i i c ~ s ~ l e H y n y Y n r e H H e n o c T y n a K

44

111. B ~ I I I I ~ H ~ ~ o x ~ H H ~ I ~ MepbI AOJIXHbI ElMeTb MeCTO, TZiK KZiK kM U e n b COCTOHT B

y B e n u r e H u H BKTIwa qaCTHOT0 CeKTOpa B BBn H a 10 IIpOUeHTOB.

112. MHKPO IIpennpHRTkiR MOr'j'T RBJTXTbCR XOPOIIIHM Ha'IEiJIOM JIJX BbIXOAa H3

~ ~ A H O C ~ , HO B CBII3U C na6epma3auueii TOprOBJIM U I - I ~ U ~ ~ X ( ~ ~ I U H M C R - BCTJTIneHHH B

BTO, MeCTHbIe MCn H e BbIXfCRBYT, eCnH TOnbKO OHH H e GYAYT K O H K Y ~ ~ H T O C ~ O C O ~ H ~ I M E I .

O T H O C H T ~ ~ ~ H O K O H K ~ ~ ~ H T O C ~ O C O ~ H O C T E ~ MCn, EIM H ~ O ~ X O L W M O YBenHqHTb CBOH)

n p O H 3 B O ~ T e n b H O C T b ki AOCTHMJTb M E I H E I M E ~ J I ~ H ~ ~ ~ @ @ C K T M ~ c L I I T ~ ~ ~ Gnaronapa KOTOpOMY HX 6a3~ec 6 y n e ~ K O H K ~ ~ ~ H T O C I I O C O ~ H ~ I M . B T ~ X H K H C T ~ H ~ PbIHKH

MZUleHbKHe. AM T o r 0 ~ 0 6 ~ AOCTHrHJTb KaK0fi-JI~160 3KOHOMHEI O ~ Y C J I O B J I ~ H H O ~ ~

POCTOM M ~ C I I I T ~ ~ ~ IIpOR3BOACTBZi, 6naronapx KOTOPO~~ 3TEi IIpennpElrrTWI 6 y ~ q ~ r

K O H K ~ ~ ~ H T O C I I O C O ~ H ~ I M H , MCn AOJIXHM 6 y . 4 ~ ~ HMeTb AOCTJTI K BHerUHHM PbIHKSUI, &lM

T o r 0 ~ 0 6 b 1 npOAaBaTb HX nPOAYKUHH) EI 3 a K P a T b MaTepkiZUl H TeXHOnOrHIo 3a K O H K Y ~ ~ H T O C I I O C O ~ H ~ I ~ UeHbI. AJTX T o r 0 w o 6 b 1 nOCTZI% 3TOr0, H ~ O ~ X O J ~ H M O IIPHHRTb

BO BHEIMaHHe CIIeJQWwEle MOMeHTbl.

114. A ~ H H U HHAYCT~EUI c q x 6 H ~ O ~ X O ~ M ~ I X nna n o m e p m 6 ~ 3 H e C a ewe ~e p a 3 B m a B Tamcawc~aHe, o sac-ra a3-3a OTC~TCTBHX cnpoca H o m a c T H m-3a OTC~TCTBEIII

C H ~ ~ X ~ H W I . ~ O M O ~ W B C03AaHHH cnpoca H a 3TkI c q x 6 ~ 1 H C H ~ ~ X ~ H H ~ ,

p e 3 0 ~ ~ p y 1 0 ~ 9 k i i i P~IHOK cnyx6 B n o A q e p x K y 6 k i 3 ~ e c a MOT 6b1 6 b m b c03na~ AM OKa3aHHX TIOMOW POCTY ti pa3BHTHIO MCn. ~ ~ ~ B H T ~ ~ ~ c T B o AOJIXHO 6 b 1 ~ b H W e n e H O

115. C x e ~ a , npurrarae~m ~ u x e , X B ~ ~ T C R s a p a m ~ o ~ AJUI p a c c ~ o p e ~ k i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ E % H T ~ ~ ~ c T B o M , EI npaBkiTeJIbc~B0 MOEeT IIOXenaTb 3aHHTepeCOBaTb nOHOPOB B

npenocTasneHHH QOH~OB B n o w e p x q qacmoro cemopa. l l p e n n o x e ~ ~ m cxeMa, KOTOPU 6 y ~ e ~ COCTOXTb H3 KOMnOHeHTa O ~ ~ W H E I R /TpeH&iHra H UeHTpa no npenocTasneHHEo ycnyr B nomepxq 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a rn n p e n n p ~ ~ u ~ a ~ e n e i i u MCn, 6 y ~ e ~ SaCTH'IHO @ H H ~ ~ H C H P O B ~ T ~ C X IIOCpeACTBOM "AOJI~BOG CY~CEIAEIH".

116. A ~ H H ~ I G I I ~ H T ~ no 0 ~ a 3 a ~ u m ycnyr B nomepmy 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a ~ Y A ~ T pacnonoxe~ B Ay111m6e, HO AOCTyn 6 y n e ~ OCy4eCTsJIRTbCX no ~ I H T ~ P H ~ T ~ AJIR npyrHX PeTNOHOB. OCHOBHOG @ y ~ ~ u u e G qeHTpa no oKa3aHum ycnyr B nop.qepxKy 6u3~eca 6 y ~ e ~ npeAOCTaBJIeHHe YCnJ'r, 3KCHepTH3bI H ~ o ~ x o ~ M ~ I X AJIR npeAnpIMTHH COBMeCTHO C

cnequanHcTaMa no O K ~ ~ ~ H H I O ycnyr B nomepxKy 6u3~eca, AJUI @ H ~ ~ ~ ~ C K E I X nxu u @HPM, u cxeMy @ H H ~ H C O B O ~ ~ ~ O M O L ~ H AJIX npeAocTameHux ycnyr. q e ~ T p 6yAeT PaCIIOnllRlTb CIIHCKOM ClTeuHaTIHCTOB ( Y ~ C T H ~ I ~ nUqa H QHPM~I), BIUIIOqSUI Fe6~b1i i MaTepuan AJIX O ~ ~ T ~ I O I U E I X ceccug, EI OnoBemaTb O ; H ~ E I Y H I I ycnyr, npurnamm MCn B

kICIIOJIb30BaHHH ycnyr. Hanume AOJIeBOfi C Y ~ C H A U H TaKIe 6 y n e ~ O ~ ~ ~ J I H K O B ~ H O .

117. Q ~ H T ~ ~ m x e o ~ a x e ~ n o m e p x ~ y B p p e x a e ~ m ~ E I ~ H ~ C accouuw~G nm 3TNX O P T Z ~ H H ~ W H ~ ~ IIO lIpeAOCTaBneHEIIO YCJIJT CO CTPYKTYPO~~ aKKpeAkITaUHkI EI

O ~ H O B J I ~ H H R C ~ ~ C K ~ ~ ~ K K ~ ~ ~ H T E ~ B H ~ I X O ~ ~ ~ H ~ I ~ ~ ~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ P ~ ~ O C T ~ B ~ ~ H ~ ~ C ~ ~ .

Huxe npunaramTcx ~ a 6 J I ~ u a c AeTaruIMu o pa6o~e ueHTpa no npeAocTameHuIo ycnyr u cxeMa ~ o n e ~ o i i cy6cumu.

Tabnsa 1: K' & y n ~ y n u n q y m ~ m m p no 0 ~ 4 3 ~ ~ Yenyz s 110c3t)ep3ic~y 6 ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ 1 1 u (=renia &onetzoii Q6cuduu

no n o n ~ e m sarrpoca co n o p o ~ u @ ~ p m , U e q npenocmm $vme KO- HH@OPM~WK) o QlHp~ax a S~CTHMX IIHUSU(, qeu-I~IIIX ywym B ciPepe w~l.repecylome# @ q ? ~ y , a Tame ~~@OpbIarm~, 0 CXeMe ~0JleB0# C Y ~ C H ~ . ~ ~ T @ s I , Bee 6yne~ 3aBHCeTb OT @ ~ b l H nOGZ3BIllSfKOB YCJlyr m m6opa npyr npyra Ha xomypexr~o# ocHoBe. 4emp m e 6ynw p a c n o m m ClStmapmMa KoRFpaMxvurna mx ycnyr, KOTO~MMH CMOX~T BO~IIOJI~~OB~TM:II ( P W ~ M L &mm~e ~tompamw 6yny~ npenocmmew + a p ~ e B eltaeoma narreTe c cormpo~0~maHoZf ~~Cpop~arureft.

n o noamcemm, conantem +qma H naxa~mum ycnyr nontmmp cmmapwdI K O H T ~ ~ , m n ~ x ~ m p o r o Gywr 38pemcrp~slum. e 4empe. B ~0mp-m-e 6yny-r ymbl~8+6~1 YCJIOBZ~R omaTbl, H Uemp 6 y ~ e ~ xparna6 mmcn ~pamucwi4 m ommm~bcrr no paymm?a~ cxew K O M ~ no M o ~ m o p ~ ~ n y n Oueme Ha nepnopurwoit ocnoae ( C M ~ M pa3nw M~cnrrymomtibIe Cormmewr). UeWQ 6yJleT ) ' K O M l l E e ~ E a H KOHCyJIblWTYMH, OTQ~P~~HWMH &OHOPaMH.

<D~phaa 6yam omammam n m m K a M ycslyr cornacHo cpom onrtarra no yAoanemopmnwMy 3aBepmerwo n p e n m e s m ycnyr. no npenonraanenrao ~oqo~a3a~anm 06 omTe nocrasmm ycnyr, U ~ H T ~ HanpaLtrn noKyklem e @am fio.nesciB C y 6 c w K O T O ~ H ~ ~ m M e C m T ( P w ~ e ee pacxonnr HB OCHOBe coom-mek Wp~y~raf.

Ckwa AcanesoP QkuBuu. Ao~op paspa6omw Cxe~y JlonemP Cyticllrwi no 06pmtly @yaa ynpmnaentom ucnonwmnbuim are- (ecn~ nonap He n o ~ e n a e ~ ynepxan 3134 ( P y ~ m ) . Arem MOXm 6M~b @W3EF%e~lllkl AHUOM ~ R ~ ~ ~ H O ~ Y ) CT8vCa, KOHCMTHH~YIBO~ Wl)f ~ ~ X ~ C K O # @ H ~ M O B Mnu HnO. O~eIib =HO Wd?bl ~ E I P . Aaneaog C y 6 c r u t ~ H U e q H~OWllHcb Ha pacnoaHm B ~ ~ H Y K ) ~ pyrra,

cbolta 6 y x e ~ BmMe4aTb paCXOXb1 @ H ~ M ~ I IIO Ii~RoCT2WlefWlQ YCJYJT IIO CXeW, C O r B H O @Op~y3Ie, p a 3 p a b KMO~O# menye?. Hanpmep, CpOm B O ~ M ~ I U ~ ~ T 50% r0~0papo~ ~ a c m a n s ~ o a o US$2,500 Ha acmc.qm rpamauup.lro. qemp M>n;atea 6yne~ ripen-m Konm rompm ma, ~ o ~ ~ T % o omam, T~XHWleCKOe 3aJIWkSe &lW OWeT 0 3 a s v e R k W 3 p6OT B 3avEM, rrpOW3BeAeT O m l y 4 n p ~ e ~*~~PJIMYIO. O m H ta x e 4upua M O X ~ T He w a n , nonuepmc~ cxe~oil &nee omom pa3a B

K w e Ipa rona H MBKCHMYM 2 m a . IIpmepm& pamiep naneml cy6cicantni @ma MOW% e-b US$2 awurxxoaa.

06rqee ~ a t k o n e e ~ e 3a cxenaofi ACT m ~ b c s 061f3am- nowopa. C x e ~ a 6ynm BHenpeHa B TerlenHe rrrrnr neT H e ~ n ~ @om naRHOCllrH) O C I M ~ cpeacma RO OKOWYBHHI 3 m rmprnm, qxmmmmm 6yae-r r.jclcam AOHO~OB LUIS npoAomceHIur ~$yflrul~ompomisw mt4 cxeMa, ecrm s@i$emsi~noc~s ee m e 7 o.re8-L

119. O ~ ~ e n e ~ k i e B ~ I P ~ ~ O T K I I n o n m k i r e c m x p e m e ~ ~ f i ~ B E I ~ L I M O H H O ~ O c e K T o p a OT

aBEIaIIkiOHHblX TeXHEI%CKMX IIpef l I Iki~aHkiB H ~ O ~ X O P M M O BBeneHlUI C B O ~ O A H O ~ ~ ki

~ n p L i B e ~ k i ~ 0 ~ K O H K ~ ~ ~ H T O C ~ O C O ~ H O C T ~ ~ H a PbIHKe. B aBkimHEI, TaK KSFK B b I p a 6 0 ~ ~ a

n o n H m s e c K E l x p e m e ~ ~ f i a m a r r k i o H H o r o cenopa B K m o r a e T seneme n e p e r o B o p o B rn 3aKJIIoreHEirr ABYXCTOPOHHHX C O ~ J I ~ I I I ~ H E I ~ C nPJTEIMEI CTpaHaMEI OTHOCEiTeJlbHO AOCTyIIa,

COeAEIHeHkie C TeXHEIseCKIiMH IIOJIOXeHHXMEI OTKPbIBaeT B03MOXHOCTEI B OTpaHkiSeHkiki

n p y r H X ~BEIEUIHHEI~~ OT IIOneTOB B T a n m m c ~ a ~ IIO TeXHEIreCKEIM HPEIZIEIHaM. A~HHSLII np06~1e~a H a n e e o c n o x H a e T c H B C E I T Y ~ E I E I T ~ A X E I K ~ I C T ~ H ~ , T ~ K KaK ~ e x ~ ~ l r e c m j i

EIHCneKTOP P a H e e HBJIXJICH WiCTbKl ZiBkiaTIEIHkiEI, EI EIHCneKTOpa B OCHOBHOM XBJMIOTCX

BbIlTYCKHEIKaMki El~~EUIkiHkifi.

121. &yrSLII 06nacn ~ ~ C ~ O K O ~ ~ C T B 3TO TeJIeKOMMYHEIK~kiEI. B TO BpeMR n O K a

~ 0 6 E i n b ~ C l H %CTb CeKTOpa PaCTeT ~ ~ I C T ~ O , C WTbIPbMX @ Y H K ~ E I o H ~ ~ P J T O ~ ~ ~ M ~ ~

JIEIqeH3kIIIMEI, BHeIIIHEIe KOMMYHEIKaIIEIEI BCe ewe XBJIITIoTCX c e p b e 3 ~ 0 f i I I ~ O ~ J I ~ M O ~ ~ rn 6 ~ 3 H e c a . ~ o J I o x ~ H ~ ~ x CeKTOpa H y m U T C X B o ~ H o B J I ~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ , EI T a K X e CyweCTByeT

H ~ O ~ X O ~ M O C T ~ B 3HaqkiTeJIbHbIX JIJM AOBeAeHEIX CEICTeMbI A 0 COBPeMeHHbIX

CTaHnapTOB. h b T e p H a T H B b 1 O ~ ~ W H ~ I X CpenCTB KOMMYHEIKaUkikI, KOTOPbIe TSFKXe

a s n r n o T c x B o n p o c o M am paccMoTpeHkix , nanee 0 6 c y m ~ ~ c r r B pmnene ACCG no ~ H @ p a c T p ) ' K ~ y p e , ~ P O M ~ I L U J I ~ H H O C T E ~ EI ~ H ~ P T ~ T H K E I .

124. ~ p a s k i ~ e n b c ~ ~ o K ~ K r a c T b cTpaTerHki PYC n p e g n p m e T cnenyIorrple MepbI:

127. ACCOUH~QHH 6 ~ 3 ~ e c a cna60 pa3BHTbI, H T e KOTOPbIe CYLqeCTByIoT HaXOmTCII

non B n m H H e M ~ p y r r ~ m n p e n n p ~ ~ u ~ a ~ e n e f i H C B X ~ ~ H H ~ I c n o n ~ m ~ o f i ~ H ~ H ~ C M ~ H ~ M H .

~ T E I CYI4eCTB)WLqHe aCCOUHalJHH, TaKHM 06pa30~, WeKBaTHO H e I I p e n C T a B m T

B 3 T m b l H HHTepeCbl He3aBHCHMbIX MeJIKOTO ~ E I ~ H ~ C C ~ , H H e ~ @ @ ~ K T H B H ~ I B

n o 6 6 ~ p o ~ m m H ~ M ~ H ~ H H ~ HnH n p e n o c T a B n e H m i ycnyr HX m e H a M . M o x e ~ 6 m y ~ a 3 a ~ ~ a C m T a 6 IIOrtnepXKH pa3BHTzlR HOBbIx a ~ ~ 0 q H W H f i B TaKIlX KmOW3BbIX pa3BHBZUO~WXCR

ceK-ropax KaK opynae n o 6 6 ~ p o ~ a ~ a r r ~OJIHTHKH, n p e n o c T a B n e H H e H H ~ O P M ~ L ~ H H ,

CO'fpynHH¶eCTBa M e m y ~ H ~ H ~ C O M H TeXHHYeCKElH n O A q e p X K a &i I IOpl lepXKa

M e H e n m e H T a .

34 C)'UleCTtly'iT nOKa3aTeJIbCTBO H 3 TeKYIUHX IIpOrpaMM, @ Y H K U W O H H P ~ U I U X B MaJleHbKOM M ~ C U I T ~ ~ ~ B CeKTOpe "0

o6pa6o~~e @ p y l r r o B , TOrO, YTO ?TO M O X a 6 b l T b ~ @ @ ~ K T W B H ~ I M B pX3BUTUe KOMMePYeCKHX O T H O L U ~ H W ~ . B TO BpeMR

3aTpaTbI H a TpZlH3alUlHH CBR3aHHbIe C 3THMH T U l l a M H ~ P O K ~ P C K O ~ ? LIeRTeJlbHOCTW BbICOKH, OHH 6 y ~ U M a b ~ X K H b 1 f i

I I o K a 3 a T e n b H b m 3@@eKT U M O r V CJIyXUTb HaYaJlOM IIpOUeCCa Pa3BHTHR YaCTHOrO CeKTOpa.

129. C ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B Y ~ T HeCKOJIbKO B03MOXHbIX Mep0IIpHHTHfi AJIII @HH~HCEIPOBS~HHII

nOHOpaMH, KOTOPbIe 6 y w HaueJIeHbI H a YrryYIIleHEIe KOMMePYeCKElX O T H O L ~ I ~ H H ~ C

~ E I ~ H ~ c M ~ H ~ M H 3a IIpeneJIaMH CTPaHbI. A ~ H H ~ AeXTeJTbHOCTb BKnIOYaeT BbICTaBKII-

~ P O A l i X H , LUOy H MEICCHH, a T a m e CXeMy IIO OKa3aHHIO C O ~ ~ ~ C T B H X , KOTOPSLII COeAHHHT

IIpeAllpHXTWl B T a q x ~ m c ~ a H e C HaTPeHHPOBaHHblMH H 06JWeHHbIMIl nOCPeAHHKaMEI

KOTOPbIe IIOJly'XaFOT KOMIIeHCqHIO IIO pe3yJIbTaTaM. ~ T H n p O r p a M M b I A e T m b H O

paCCMaTpHBaFOTCX B TaGnwe HI, HHXe.

130. B ~ O J I ~ O C ~ O Y H O ~ nepCneKTUBe, HeCKOJIbKO Apj'rHX BOnpOCOB Tpe6jW~ BHHMaHUR. ~ T U BOIIPOCbI BKmOWUOT Ha3eMHbIe TpaHCIIOPTUPOBKH, n a H H b 6 BOIIPOC

6onee n e T a r r b H o p a c c M a T p a s a e T c x B ACCE u NDS no MH@pacTpyicType ,

~ P O M ~ ~ ~ U I ~ H H O C T U H ~ H ~ ~ T ~ T H K H . &lIX T o r 0 m 6 b 1 n p H B n e g b A O J ' I ~ B O ~ ~ KaIIUTUI B

lTpempURTHR Ta.qXHKIicTaHa, P e X H M KOpnOpaTHBHOrO YIIpaBJIeHHX JJJM 3aKPbITbIX

K O M ~ ~ H H ~ ~ uns Y a c T H m K O M ~ ~ H H ~ ~ AOJIXHM 6 b m b y c u n e H b I B T ~ K U X o6nac~m K ~ K

3 m H T a nep~a~ene f i ~ e H b I J I e f i YaCTH a a ~ f i KOMIIaHUH, MelK,LlJ'HaPOnHbIe CTaHnaPTbl n0 aynHTy, T ~ ~ ~ O B ~ H H K , IIO K O H @ H ~ ~ H ~ U ~ J I ~ H O C T H , H3MeHeHHe B IIOJIHTUKe KOMlIaHUH

s m ~ m 3 a m . 1 ~ ~ nepxa~eneii ~ e ~ b l n e i i Y a c m aau i i H n o n o x e H m n p o m B O - m y W e H m

H M m e C T B a C UeJIbIo 0 6 ~ a H a KPeflUTOPOB. 35 ~ T W p e @ o p ~ b 1 , BepORTHO, H e ~ Y H Y T BHenpeHbI BO BpeMeHHbIX PaMKaX ACCE HO 6ynyr PaCCMOTpeHbI B ~ o J I ~ o c ~ o Y H o ~ ~

n e p c n e K T u s e .

35 B UeJlOM, MOXHO CKa3aTb ' IT0 ~ e 6 0 n b m ~ e KOMniiHHH M O W H e H y W a T b C f l B npOABHXeHHH K M e W Y H a P O 2 H b I M

C T W a p T a M aynma H n H 6yny-r nOJlBepXeHb1 ~pe6o~mnnx PaCKpbnHI l HH@O KaK H B 6 0 n b u 1 m KOMllWHIlX.

M W ~ ~ H ~ K H ~ KOMniiHHH B T w x H K H C T ~ H ~ , TeM H e MeHee, UhiCKJI. O ~ a H U S e H H b I X ROTCHUNa3l IIOrElllleHHR AOnrOB H

BJlallenbUbI KOTOpble M O W H e I I O X e n a T b ocna6mb KOHTpOJlb K ~ ~ n a H H e f i . Y B ~ ~ J P I ~ H H ~ KallHTaJl& BO3MOXH0, 6 y ~ a C

nOMOIUbl0 'IaCTHbIX HHBeCTOpOB, H PJlR T o r 0 r r 0 6 h 1 n p H B n e q b T a m HHBeCTOpOB, K O ~ I I O ~ ~ T H B H ~ I ~ ~ P e X H M

YnpilBJIeHWi JJOnXeH 6 y n e ~ nO3BOnHTb HHBeCTOpaM 03HaKOMWTbCfl C K H H ~ O ~ ~ H HMeTb B03MOXHOiXb IIOJlaraTbCl H a ee n O A J l H H H O ~ b .

5 1

132. B C ~ M K P H ~ ~ ~ ~ OnbIT nOKa3bIBaeTY YTO e C n H CTpaHa o6nanae~ CPaBHHTeJIbHbIM

I I p e H M m e C T B O M B TaKHX CeKTOpaX KaK ~ O ~ H O ~ O ~ ~ I B ~ I O ~ ~ X , MeTUJIyprEIR, 3 H e p r e T H K a H

A p ~ H e IIpHpOnHbIe PeCflCbI, K ~ J T ~ H o M ~ c I I I T ~ ~ H ~ I ~ HHBeCTOPbI, KaK IIpaBHJIO, B K P C e

3 T O r 0 H HaXOmTCR B nOHCKaX KOHqeCCHM, eCnH 3T0 H e ~ P O T H B O p e Y H T HX CTpaTerHH.

O n p e n e J I e ~ 0 , pa3BHBaFOUHeCR CTPaHbI HMeOT TeHAeHqHH) IIOJIlKaTbCR H a HHBeCTHqHH B

n o 6 b m a F O r q ~ x HHAYCTpHXX, K O r n a OHH P a C n O J I l K W T AOCTaTOrHO XOpOUIHMH PeCypCaMH

KaK CpenCTBO nJIII HCnOJIb30BaHHR l l P H P O ~ b I X PeCf lCOB W 3KOHOMEISeCKOTO POCTa.

Hanpa~ep, B T ~ x N K H c T Z ~ H ~ HMeWTCR BTOPbIe n0 MHPOBOMY M ~ c Z U T ~ ~ Y 3WIeXH cepe6pa BbICOKOrO KareCTBa no MemYHaPOAHbIM CTaHnapTaM. E c n ~ Pa3BHBaT6, 3TOT n e n 0 3 H T

IIOTeHLI.UiUlbH0 6 y n e ~ RBJIIITbCR HCTOYHHKOM nOSImeHHR 3HaYHTeJIbHOTO AOXOna H

M ~ C T H O ~ ~&RTOCTH.

134. B ~ e r e ~ ~ e nonroro nepaona B ~ ~ M ~ H H , O ~ T H M ~ J X ~ H ~ R c-rpa~erm IIkIkI ~e 6 y n e ~ @OKYCHPOB~T~CR H a K a I I H T ~ O B J I O X e H W I X IIePBHZMOrO CeKTOpa, HO 6yne~ H m e J I e H a H a I I IHPoKH~ CneKTp n p 0 ~ b I I I I J l e ~ H 0 f i HHnYCTpHH H CeKTOPOB, EI p a 3 ~ 0 0 6 p a 3 E I R

B nnme M H H H M W I ~ H O ~ O ~acm~aGa , YTO M o m e T 661~6 6onee n p e m y w e c T s e H H o nnx CTpaHbI B C03naHHH 6onee I I I H p 0 ~ 0 f i H Y C T O ~ & ~ B O ~ MOAeJIH H H B ~ C T H U H ~ ~ K O T O p m MOXeT

C O ~ ~ ~ T J , 60mme pa60wix MecT H poc-ra. A a ~ ~ b I j i nonxon T a K m e n p e n n o n a r a e T , YTO

OlTpeneJIeHHbIe CeKTOpa, B KOTOPbX C T p m b I M O T HMeTb CpaBHHTeJIbHOe

n p e H M y w e c T B o onpe~ene~br, H a o c H o s e @~KTOPOB, T a m x K ~ K H ~ B ~ M E I pa6oreii cHnbr ,

HCTOPHR HTA.

135. C ~ ~ C T B ~ T nOKa3aTeJIbCTBa TOTO, S T 0 B UeJIOM OTCYTCTBYeT CBR3b M e m Y

POCTOM H a ~ ~ I I I Y H a c e n e H H x H noneii OT llkIkl B BBll B q e n o M , HO c y r s e c T B y e T

o n p e n e n e H H a s n o n o m H T e n b H m C B R ~ ~ c ~ P O H ~ B O ~ C T B O M Hllkl H POCTOM H a m y HaCeJIeHHR, H TO, m O 3KOHOMEIKa K ~ ~ H T ~ J I o B J I o X ~ H H ~ ~ B CeKTOpa lTpOH3BO~CTBa HMeeT

TeHneHUHH) 6onee 661c~poro POCTa r e M 3KOHOMHKa K ~ H T W I O B J I O X ~ H E I ~ ~ B CeKTOpe

n o 6 ~ w i IIpHpOAHbIX PeCJ'pCOB. nkIkI H IIPOH3BOnCTBO BePORTHO C 0 3 n a e T CBR3b C

136. T ~ M H e MeHee, I I I H ~ o K o M ~ c I U T ~ ~ H ~ I ~ HHBeCTHqHH B IIPOHSBOACTBO, XOTR kI

XenaHHbI, O ~ ~ N H O 60~1ee YYBCTBEiTenbHbI K HHBeCTAqHOHHOMY KJIEiMaTY CTpaHbI, YeM

RHBeCTHsEiH B IIePBElqHOM CeKTOpe. TaKEiM 06pa30~, A ~ ~ ~ c T B E ~ R , PeKOMeHAyeMbIe B

A ~ H H O M o m e T e , H ~ O ~ X O A H M O n p e n n p a a m b , e c n H ~ a m e - n ~ l 6 0 lBlB H a B H e n p e H s e n c o ~ e f i c m ~ l e c T p a T e r a n n o w e H c a T P ~ ~ B H T ~ , n OHH n o n m b ~ R B ~ ~ C R n ~ ~ e r p a n b ~ o f i

YaCTbH) n1060fi CTpaTelTiH BHeApeHEiR Ei C O A ~ ~ ~ C T B ~ I R nMM. C ~ ~ O A H X H ~ ~ W ~ ~ T C R

3 H a m T e n b H a R KOHKypeHUHR M e w CTpaHaMH, H CpeAkI C T p m CHT B SaCTHOCTN

IIpHBJIeqeHHR nMM H O C H O B H O ~ NHCTPYMeHT KOHKYPeHqHH RBJWeTCR Y n ~ L U e H E l e

IIoJIHTIIY~cKo~~, IIpaBoBofi, H O P M ~ T U B H O ~ ~ H E ~ J M ~ I H H c T ~ ~ T H B H o ~ ~ CpeAbI. A J M T o r 0 Y T O ~ ~ I

6 b 1 ~ b KOHKYP~HTOCIIOCO~H~IM, T ~ J ~ ~ K ~ c T ~ H AOJIXeH YCUnHTb 3TY CpeAy.

137. T m e u M e e T pa3~nqy n p H p o A a HcToYHHKa, H a K O T O ~ ~ G H a q e n e H a c T p a T e r m

Til4mmcma nMM. Ta Ha3bmaeMbIe nm mr-mr H a c e r o n ~ ~ n r ~ n f i n e H b

HaCWTbIBaeT 6onee 0 ~ ~ 0 f i TPeTH BCeX nMI/I HaIIpaBJMeMbIX B pa3BHBZilOLqHeCH

C T ~ ~ H ~ I . ~ ~ W X H ~ I ~ KOMIIElHEiH 6onee 3HaKOMbI C TpYnHOCTRMEl HHBeCTHqHOHHOrO

KnHMaTa, 3a~ac~y-m memupie H E I ~ K N ~ H a K n w b I e pacxonbr, reorpa@s~ec~ne PaCCTORHHR E i KynbTYPHbIe CXOACTBa, YTO AeJIaeT KOOP,WiHWHH) 3 a p y 6 e ~ b I X 0 I I e p ~ u l E i f i

6onee ~ @ @ ~ K T E I B H O ~ ~ . tam^ 06pa30~, c T p a T e r m nEiM n p e m a r a e T B ~ I C O K ~

BePOIITHOCTb yCl leXa B T ~ ~ ~ X H K U C T ~ ~ .

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58

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59

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p e a ~ 1 ~ 3 a u ~ ~ c T p a T e r m ; n p m m H e K m o s e s b I x p e m e ~ ~ i i , C B I I ~ ~ H H ~ M . co c-rpa~emeii; o 6 p a r s e ~ ~ e K O ~ C T O I I T ~ J I ~ C T B ~ M H n p o 6 n e ~ a ~ B Cny.Iae HX B03HHKHOBeHHR, EI

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- O ~ n e ~ r Pemesaqnn CTpa~ernn PYC

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Cose~a A o ~ o p o ~ .

173. OPC TaK>Ke 6 y n e ~ 3ElHEIMaTbCX n 0 ~ e p X C K 0 f i B 3 6 - c G T a PYC (cMoTPEIT~

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yYaCTByeT B npoqecce p e l X C T p ~ H k i , KOTOPbIe 6 y n y ~ H m e J l e H b I C O O T B ~ T C T B ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~

177. @ Y H K U ~ rMO 6 y n e T sa~mora~bca B k 1 3 p e ~ a k 1 nporpecca no p e m k 1 3 a q ~ k 1

cTpaTerHki PYC c OPC H A P ~ ~ H M E I , O n p e A e n e H m a n o H a M a H m B o n p o c o s ,

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HnH nomepme co CTOPOH~I AOHOPOB.

ANNEX I: P S D STRATEGY - I M P L E M E M A l l O N FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

NDS goal

Private Sector Development and Public Administration Reform

o::Lr

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ANNEX I: PSD STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

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ud nntr lheoauany ,nd"mu 10 h t rmmoc Mk mbrrd ~ h d y d mi Ib crminly.

1.3.4 lardme I b U p u b I k 0r.11 drddotu i ~ h d i n p Judges cqinimu ad mlinw

1.3.5. Saup. via- ~ui~uncr . ~Uld.rdiudconmu~ fa a aelrsM -fmaus6oa*, vtichu. rui lypmovuble

1.3.6. baa E n ~ I R o r i M N co* pmm'11.g cn-1 o r m

pocadiw.

1.4. Pasue MI AOSPI lo

inbmtltioq w n y m Ian Sud R~lstil.tioo.

1.4.1. Inp l - lden lorcch L l w m N m t i r c AcO d Sa up ud.mm@hcm ILcvcb d w n llr MI

1.4.2. ~ r c a d m u o l i d a ~ ~ I

M l r r ddshb.bpod8ll .sn*IimIinbarihbbg &"iMli"g Lk b* rrpbh midy rcgiamtim nd omd.1 -@ion P & Miniany 0fJuIlisc~

1.4.3. Publisia Lk cdrt.pct of* drubue d lk web dtr

2.1 llrdurc Bvricnorlicrrug. pSniu ad o h qPmdI

2 . 1 . 1 . A - d d u L i ~ L n w m ~ r r h u t l l r d a o l &ti- qssuirhr L k u o m 65.

~1.2 .~1-1 Isos~ lhwud .sn*hmkconpl iudwi Ib l ) r m n d r d l k d i I.*

2.l.3. d ~ g ~ l l limuiag r c & h lo b. -Em1 ~ I I W rnadrd-bv.

2.1.4. Rmain~myrpp . sniD m ~ l p m l l T ~ ~

21.5. k k w Ur Inn ad rrglllhm+U-b ck. lsd r d c (h n- mdllmu m J i n i o l t c u u a u q a a r d m ~ ~ n d

k-.

Inpml Indlrmlor

Loul k b t a n r h - rl Leg11 C w u l m l tim

Web Sia a d IT Eqp~ & S b

ml'l !wl Webnlt

bullcyl ~ m , I time

F T S a r md CMmniu r i D s r d . mfhmc d-ie

hiwkd kwr

Oulrrrne Imdlcmtor

.

n.dun &Enlh~ Isarrar by 25%

N l u r r r s (In

n ~ n ~ ~ a l ""il'llU" ,MI.

0.12

0.1

0.035

0.01

0.01

0

Reqmlnd

Uni'costS tbws'* USD

Ilday + 0.lldsy

IWlypeor cam

llday web dl0 posUngs 5.

0.ildw

. 10

. -

Seciartmrk

T.d'2: l l m r B.rr*n t l a l Irrrsll Entry

NDS gosl o;r,r

addlllon lo Ibr mrrrnl budgrl)

Connrmrd comm1lmrnl

8ndgrl

. .

'

.

EmamclmI (Mil.

1 Enrrnr l rumding

-

Sub-Tud

USD)

Domor(

I)

ANNEX I: PSD STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

E~ecullng ,Llnty

S M

S M MI

S M

MET

. .

. .

Ou~pu~ lndlnlor

R r p l r h s in Phcr

SMup~b l so f m o l l i h g uld mfmchg Iw iwl

F--W bclu*a ddnudty mad or ~ O C Y ~

Public R & h h w ~ n L*mrlrd

Nunla of SmU ud M d h S i x d Bvlinru -dm imam w XNm No old~p.w lc@s 10 vlds m, N& or

parduaa uda 10. oar 01 1urtity. b w i n a r u k w wxln 30

H T L lim IPEII m dub riL 0arnnn1 m Iclr thn 4%

m u S o f h m sudng U o r ~ 611 Wbela 5%

NDS goal Ou~come ladlulor

h e r f i g bulluanmk ~ L E 18 umdrr IW.

Input lndl~alor

Intl *g.l

InI'ICmu.

Media Ruchrr

InflCnrs.

-

Aclloa

2.1.6. PUI in PCu the lnploncntiw rqprlatiau br thc I- rmpetiIion l Iw ud 1- lbac rqnhdolu m prrrcnl pr&tmy beb~- m p n m t mnpcdtim ud

"O*may.

2.1.7. Sacryhmlhc l ~ ~ t i ~ l i m a l d l l d r a ~ p p u i t i c ~ o f h sule &mq br ht i -khcpaly a hl it a dectivdy &I mth RrdrtayBcbrviollr

2.2.3. Rblidrclbcsmpdhn IIW d t h c ~ n t i - ~ s o p o b r p a y u M

i n r t i ~ l b d r r s a m e k * i d m o C p d w bdn+uv pwalting cnw

2.2 Rwidc I quick lad rinplc h b r u +mlim pacn

.

22.1. Inmdwc I "mcw(ndow"

r y k m 6 a p ~ c c ~ m l l o-a or- d b .u I+OU or t h r r a y . ~ h i ~ r i o d a m I I b r

by mlhalod fqeamuti*a h m rrL orUr l m c i s l mlb whnn I h r ~ l a ~ i o o h u m b c ~ s m d . 1.22 wu+ 11kcdmd prL.8C 0 f ~ U r r q n i m i br d o c u n e P . p a d l y m l m ~ m s o r h w b r m w l i s h ~ R l d i b sv l ikbkm lh inmcl ~ 2 . 3 . SQ rn I& dm lid br mnplerm or* rcgisa~riclm

pmcclrdWld*l. 2.11. - thc rcgi1P.h mu mpdc.~o%orpuc lp iu GDP. 2.2.J. =MU hG d h U I l W i U l rcquimn~t for m&ntm. 2.26. In- 6 ImUr hk idrot i&l l imnvduudnm+~Y urp.,,-lI1liI1lbUriuaiml

hu 1mtd CQmdool. 1.2.7. EIiniuU Ih. nq-I br , Buu'ml SaI . LLI. bmdw I G o * s ~ a l nmWim&uinMcaUrIba d Ih. pairim h I ~ 1 l n l i . m c r m ~ l b e r r h o d i f U r b m m c rmpleud.

~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ u r o r d o r i m ~ ~ c r s o ~ o l GorPrmml

3.1.1. R o v i d c r r m m x i n ~ o f dr -I ~ G O V - L

O(6d.k

PUP Ob,rtllrr

Seelor I n k

Tuk3: RtdmnLe Cnemnum~ Rdalcd C 6 l ~d m r n n ~ n d l l d n g 8.d- 1. TajlUnma

Required

Umi'CosUs thou'rnd uSD

llday

0.75lday

3

0.7Wday

.

rerwrcn (in

Toal Lnnadal

requlrcmtml WII. USD)

0.3

0.075

0.003

0.015

-

Flnsnrlng

Imp

0 3

0.07s

0.003

0.075

OAS

addllion lo Ibe currrol budgel)

mmml~mrn~ ConRmrd Ilnnncial

(MI!.

External fundlng

smlcr.rd

USD)

Damor( I)

ANNEX I: PSD STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

E=ecnllng agmc)r

C.r.

-

MJ IPC- ?El

MET .

.

MRT

IPC PEP

IFC PEP

IFC PEP

Output I.dimlm

Officedthc kb&tmn w sini lp aubl i lbai and p"blicia*

~ m n v c h h 6 m r mdr d r d

Wrbsitcin

p k d m r i b l c l a dl.

N h s md m o l b or

( Rchding u x

b9miw nducadlmm) m U d c 2 p u yru

Rc.g~latBu in

p k d mbrcod W ~ m d v r hlal ionr sode mild

rolwmlMha lm umded

INparm ~hm

Ncv law, r cp ln ion rd

pnblidzd

Rodusolbo nmmb=o(lmdr br d e b inpm wrxpm d6cmlim is asd.dby7JX (€.Ill mrplctM YR n

1.P ~ U . U S D l

0.103

0

0.045

a

a

A~IIOII

3.1.2. tc l up (be Adrrinismtiw Coludl dsr)u Mni&Uativc Roccdurrr Cod+ D lundk Ur rrmllo rnso o f d n i n k d v c abuse orviol~dolv mth h c p w D inacrdgrlc d refs &dins ta UIC ~ ( S Y M ' S omCe ir.erded

3.1.3. I n r l i u l ~ n ~ m d umspxmt mnp1.int mabmism ak% lo thr 01% oTOlrlndirm

3.I.1. A d Adninirmtivc Viola- Cob d mkr i t -dblc *ih o w Lm.

3.2.4Saupmmobminamnrlc publicly m i l a b k the 6rd11p d both kh in igu~ l i vc M I ud Ur o,lhdSm &@ m i b k 4..

3.3. Rrdure w nulabs or . hupacrioar tlut b v l i n s r ~ ~ W L w dm.

3.3.1. D c v q Winolanauban rgu(ldonr Ra Ur m u i t u p m h r law.

1.3.2. - 0 t h hvr +n# brp-r m mum rmpl i l l l r r r i l h lbo n u law,

3.3.4 Proride uaining UI swRio UIC i q c c h 1p&

3.3.1. setup rpoqvn lopvb l i c in w l n . . ~ ~ d w p m c a d u n t - w

3.3.6. In p ~ a l k k Ihc-I rill Mcnd Ur d n i n t m l i r c r io l l t im -a sodc m k c ampl iacs ri* Ur aru law m i t u p d m

3 . 4 T o c u n l h . t m l y a ! x u u u ~ ~ ~ d o r n i ~ m p o a , r &.i. (lnihud du&# PRSP)

2;:

mour-r (im

T a d flnsndzl

r e q d r e l ~ n (MM. VSD;

0

0.105

1

0,045

Input l n d i n t u

IntICpm. O I ~ = E ~ P ~ Suffimg

lnshdrdin &arc . '

.

IN?=

addlllon 10 l h currel budgd)

~ ~ e r m r r m r NDS IoaI

Rrpttlrrd

Vdtmnh tboulnd llSD

I/dly q p l

5 .

-

O.7Sdsy

Conllrmd r ~ m i t m r n l

I

pRSP objmlve

flnnldal mil.

b t r n a ) lundlag

VSD)

ono on r )

ANNEX I: P S D STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

E r ~ v l l n p

MET

TS

-

MRT

MRT

MRT

~mput Indicator

Id1 CON h l m m

Sam0.r abae

In'lCau

Inl'l k c . O l l iu Eqpl Suth.g

InflCmr. 0n iaeqp l SuRing

Ovlpul Indlrator

-1 !avkumllh r ~ d i n l i o . adcdIiuh inporrd and ~lrv Law on T u h i a l

RegJ .hS ruba i lM ID

P U G ~ L

.

R a u ~ i f i u d w o l - d Ihcd f iu t ion o f & m a* and Tlj* sUad*rd mi" W l V

wnp!.ncr .

Avuwe line to d m svMm O

vn1k13 ti. -4 ldu4w inprm

mp*mc"dag r C D * h i. plam Nudm 0fd-m U r d u 7 4

o i T ~ t i R bamb m m d U 5. ( ~ l c l i o a YR 5)

CvMm dDanau a bcmbmlad p t iamIhc .*I

mini.ir a1 lmclm. ( C~mplniw YR

J)

P W l ~&MS

rrdPrdIDdn 25%

Acllon

3.4.1. - I-vc lhe legal c ~ , ~ l ~ ( b r d o p ~ i . m d inpktmnudon of. nn Lawon Tosh*.l Regulscimc, incaromicy *th inmadmul rd EU pncdu. Spaif iu l ly

a. Wilb &ma snislmcc make 1 rmdy md malyisol t lu anrnr prcblam i n cbc field ai ~ ~ a d o d c a t i f i u t i m wilh +a1 q h u i s on Ihc U r d I i u h n o i s m k s . a d r d f i u d o n of (i-)w4 d w n s rranmad.tionr b rmrmr ua'onr. This s d y d l u l d also look U (br SODIquCM or tb. mstin# si& ad cbccbngrr ud abclitinmuld i h c b. FiMlize lhe dmbpnn lo lcbc &all law- laslaiul rredatims. which w u iaitillly prpMd vicb .utm OWSAID mdpmrmk iu *don. c. Rqruc ad cbe n ( c p w ~ ' a l ryp l laow lad akcr subordnau Igis lst im d Mmilm (br v t imt iu duutm

, .. .. 3.4.2. Tkrho fTa j i kS !mub la *ilk mnpti-ri* WTO Rqmirircm(nU. hu lud in&.bo IL~ l d r d f u t i w md aboiirmaUof cdfic.a~ion d r a i m s SpIdfiully r i t h d m a maial.ocr: .

r Mah m . u c u m l of* hstibldolul ~ c o i n g o i TrjitSu0d.n md r w d l i m u m i u ~ i a I b c i i c b W a Rqldrmau. b. lncrmc s l p d t y d T a j ~ l S u d u t m iq-I Ur law m -ul @limn md iu die l e @ h . bypaidinl a m n i v c midi a Ur ~Ul lo~Td i tS IUIduL r U t a d & f y u r - l o f c d f i u t i a o l b n u m d s m dmkpdwmluicr d bow (br ~ r i h s l h or r r n i D l l a d O s d 6 u l i m o r i m a d pmls by Tajibomdud. r Snd Tajib& l U C m a n1dyt0~anmb~1tpr&Imm W ~ O mntu a u a .

3.5. Rwidc I q u i l md i n p l c -lado. nd clcp.lla pmrpc h u i l i n p r m u d m

3.5.1. MDpl mew npI8vmlin.s mguhb br ILI IW msmm cede m -e sirrpYfiClOhl a d ohr t ia in tk -d ~ u ~ P s l . r r u l l a n

md raducc Ur orTuiR B.adr ( l n i i s a d b i n g PIISP)

1.5.2. Albvsubninionolurpo &tiom b d m sbipnal Uriw a ~hcauwmchd+n~( In i l i uad during PRSP)

1.s.3. (MBL(O) Ianoduclrisk --t lahniquca a r&ce ~ i o l i m p ~ t i m w 1 m d a 1 5 K ( b q u v n n Y R 3 - 5 )

Rqu l r rd

lhrlrd 0.7SIday Loo1 Ol/day

1Mw

1IdW

l1d.Y Equb250

"'I lank PRSP

objrdlre

rnoumu (In

Told nnamrlat

req~lremm (MI!. USD;

0.132

0.1

0.05

0.5

outcome lmdlulor

.

Fin,ldng

('P

. 0

C

0.1

0.05

0

addldon lethe N r r r n l budgel)

C m f i r n r d commllmrnl

Rnnnclal (MII.

Exlrrmal bndlnc

USD)

Donor1

s)

0.132

ANNEX 1: PSD STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

E~#cmtIng .,mq

MRT

MILT

.

MRT

MET

NBTMJ

MJ

NBT

NErT

O~tpvl 1.d I,.,

50% of c u r m &uumnU Slrd &ommially

P e r h m m e i.disllor mollih# s p ~ b p l u r . (mnplcdcn YR 1)

M Rcfaan

doped.

.

Para l b d k r u r u m ovu I5K0furw invarmrmL

C r d l Rc~u l iw Amcy sd q .

. -

M u ~ p & c n d calbaal l ~ n b place

.

T i m and a r p s m+m pmpSymducal W m d a 6 m d 4 mpodvck.

T idnrpr l~ wnplac donutic r u u d d ~ u d m s rabmdlodn 3da)rnd4 rnpatively.

S m l ~ m d iliplazmuIim p h leu*

AcUoa

3.5.4. ( MEMO) Albw clauank filin8 afar60 tbcwmw. (lar TcrmYR3-6)

3.5.5. Inmcdusrpdomwrc indium n m i b br ~ l o m p,xc&ncI clprci11ly Y) m U N T c Ik r i m i t u k u m p r c u % s u p r m d i-. flnuodud PIISP)

3.5.6. Snup a Cauulutiv~Grmp of upmi118 ad inponins -niclmdrrpadmtkinuu Rised d di&Ifiu d i a ~ e d by inrlilulin~ the shay. n d d m uoplify tk porrrur.

3.6 lnpovt.acu ro 6oa

. .

3.6.1 . Esublirh dlhdmr. auirunr a wh\ridc d l . inkxmtim ~ l s n * u uniiial -.w OC b.DI boLb 61 bmk md Wc d~ Tkc rrdil ini-tkm will Mudc d& h , ' p . i d up b.14 d e h l bob p a m l a d p n ~ u r e l l v b d Jucb.

3 . 6 . 2 . E n i u ~ s r m @ m mllutml md lm by l m m i r i n g Ik -1 6- s w s j n g r p l m d ~ m p w i d c -.ndbi.,-aliae dcb bluMli0Mlkl prr*r

3.6.3. Sum@hm lk m#j(hti(. of m s b k md i d k mcy b) m d m ~ l k # p m d i r m l r r p l l r ~ m ! k u U b l ~ I o ( r smudad w m m i d & u b . r lo d p M g a m rmnLle d inmnvabkWly.rlrrlmch r m ' w i.crrau *ill be opol6z

plblicrclrrh

3.6.4.l~Immlarrmwccion wlaa 10 im-6-1 a u d u d a

4.6.5. Condva r m i n r a f ~ l l b d s l r ~ ~ d o n r m lr by all q d z S b h Tmjitism b tbs lu t lko ,u" upd. le lkm of !he mi- md All nq i n f m n t i a p p s . Buad m Lbe .bowmiL.*dncbg. rn*gW h e b p md amghm I* Pmaocisl w. Sl"** kb& inpkamulia p h d m k e n l c u l i w b d p d a l B d s in TjiLLua

Orlcwnr lndlrrlor

Included i b a c

L n I ' I ~ .

Inl'l Conr. Cmce Mpt sumngrr saviu~

Intl lq.1 loul~na

Wcb siw IT ssvica Inf C o n u b t

To be s~lud

Inrl Crm.

lark

I

I

NDS "" TRSP

oblenive

Rqmlrrd

:;zz USD

ilday

).7501dW5 0025

LldayLoul 0.llhy

201o7b/&y

llday

r rvnrru (lm

Total 'inand*l

rqslrcmml MII. USD)

0.15

0.165

0.12

0.095

0.15

Plmlndng

LIP w'''

t

0.15

0.166

0.11

0.m

o

0.15

sddltlrn lo Ihr curnml bmdm)

Confirmed eomrnhneml .

mudlet

llnnnrlal (MU.

Exl.rnrl h n d l n ~

USD)

-

Donor( r)

ANNEX I. PSD STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

Rrqulred r e m m r (in addition lo fhr currrnl budtot)

Orrpcut ~~d~~~~~

Toul rim spent on u=a !n d a 200 holm. d a o f

P a m m lmds 40

NDS goai lnpul Indltalor

Tmrk4: prwlde suppon lo U. Budmu E m l ~ s l la Dr lv l Cmwlb 1. Ibe P m u e s r n a

Errruling

lgtncl

OY'r'mr 1ndIc.lor

Aaion

3.7.Prmidrr rinplc ud vnblnlauome u s r p l m

. I ~ ~ ~ e Ual'cml*

.

. . .

. -

Ph.les.uor ponlom of CD? lmcmsu by 10%.

S~CIW 1.r~ Tola1

nnancial rrquiremrn (Mil. USD;

3.7.2. Repa m p h fa eltcuonic. filinp m o p v Glhia bun -.

1.7.1. Rcrirw Ibc mu1 u . n ~ m . go^ pm61 (o dcumia i@ w inhmnliy. souatiwr ud n18im

ud nrl inpld w tcvaur

3.8 k c u c Ibc ~ c a f c l o r i n g I bminsr

3.8.1 RNirw b h p l c j Ian a d , & I b c ~ u r j ~ U I h r -r inpl iCi lyrdrmloi ,

~ W - n Y .

3.1.2 Sll y bmlmrp icycm~ in oblnu rib mk jvLdimon in

b - l c j w . , -

3 . 8 3 R o v i d c m i n i Q

h b u p W J W .ld Idninlam

3.1.4 lnp-t unmdad m1 mdr b iipcchu upm elwing.

4 I Mlkerubridirsd Buriocr, S h avsilabk m 1 d d buis

4.1.1. Su mainin8 fatilitin for businas l k iaymmuI ( ID4 I*- rranlrrm dc

r.1.l. suppat I b c a ~ b ~ i r h n n l ~ f 8u*wr u o d r t i m ~ h t h e savicr ayniutim ad LI 6 . w ~ ~ b d u t h u d mimini a ram o f d d ~ u d r& ay.ialiolu.

4.12. LubPshr hmd lolubridize ~ h r ofsmicas 6 m k ravice a 6 a h d m ud kC l o d n r k ~ t b z n m k m h r t h n r s a i u r .

P b tor 1- filing P V ~

A npat *iL rrwnmudatirn r i& m Gwanmrnl

T i m locbnc a b n c a d m l

& J % o i UUW

81nbuplcy law Dmrndrd

A1 k a r l m r nd cual aubl iahd in Dvlhrobc ud K i w j d

AI I=IS BmbupW judges and I 0 d n i n L W l l r n mi"ed. C l a i u l h I p d m 8 m n p l i a l riL L c llnmdrd wr codr

Nuntmof rovicc bvlmclur nl U P = - ~ O P ~ ~ iaaurcby 100% I yur

Tniaing P d B y uubEsbd

Buriruu nd Tnde Amcial iar oubliuhrd Auod.timby hwrdnnedud in p i n

end a u b l h k d u d o p e n d ~ l v l

noancine OIP

Comlmrd Ananrial commPnrnl (Mil. VSD)

Budla

MRT

.

SPC MJ MET

M l MET

MJMET

MRT

MET

MET

MET

E"m.1 h d l n g

lnrludrd Abwc

$11 Cons.

IntY Conr. Space

~ n r ~ c o n s .

CS

Pmilida In l l C m .

In13 k.

Inn cons. Fund eslsblishe d.

Donor(

s)

I l h y

O.Way ia'nmlh

I I & ~

Ia'mnL + 0 . 7 M y

.75/&y

. 2 a W w + 2OM

0.15

0.2

0.06

0.415

0.0675

2.4

Sub-Tud

0.433

0.0675

1.4

C

0.15

0.1

0.0

1.n

.

ANNEX I: PSO STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

7

( k a t Indnlor

Ease of m!hg wrrmtadu( KMU IW.

Scpmdon of irlirrz irpm nd ATC

W P M

IT m w r t in plue d 61s rvlihblrm n*.l.

A1 lurt I0 - in lmdon~l pamaships clubl ishd.

A u o d ~ h b n d i u lcubv mdtlrtrio

T-1

SvpPm Rognnin p l m

30 f i m go m studybunm Iegion.1 d u irluding wry

Rnnnnl ' ~kiljlkd m k 1 lcc'%ll usinins index above 25%

At lull 1 mulicmal u&iw iludlntm nubliskd in Tajitirun in Ihr PnSP psi&

Omc~onr Imdlmlar

,

.

I"'

-

NDS Esrn l l n~

age.w

SPc

MPA

SPc

MET

MET

MET

MET

MET

MLSP

Atiton

4.2.F.dliua Acts. lo M u t N

4.1.1. ~ w m u t u r che aviatim a-.

4.2.2 h-lc che virr p-8 w lba~ via, crm bc cbuimd m miv~II

4.2.3. R a m w che Te.kcammic~dmr raom ( '

auiid in Ihr Inhrmslm md lnd",ay~)

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- 4.25. ~uiliu~e md ~umgthm che hl ia dinduluy.uoCLlion~ fw r B e s t i v c k b ~ d ~ p p m m . -1.

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4.Z7. Inplrrrml I ch.llsyc

Puldin'pr0gr.m m paidc lashlid xdfinmcialuppat 0 pwing buainmn *hidl mnmbulc lo PRSP cbjcuim.

4.2.8. Pvnd m d y m br Tajik m ~ m d b u r b p c n m t

4.1 Make 1vihb.ble arldllod md tnimdmtfasr

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ANNEX I: PSD STRATEGY - IMPLEMENTATION FUNDING REQUIREMENTS

Exrrollng

alemy

MLSP

MLSP

MET

S a m Minittries Ow.

SPC

Outpa1 lmdiulor

Plaumrnt nu h y 0 u d Q 1 1 mining h,tim1e, .I lcul 10%

No. of 6nn dlaing rm lbe job mining ws 50%.

Al lcut two msk d n g I

p br ach relaud 1-

kguhmy r d a m ~ r n in id~ud in key rekcled rcsloR ( see indww d i 6 u m Sa6mh ,

d d b

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4.3.1. S u up I fimd m nrbdizt OD

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4.4.1. Cmdusl smY.lmd p r i v a ~ public wm. msulut imr la idmti&primlyrebDmr in the am

4.4.1. InmuUySKUS

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J.I.I. SH lp a lighlevcl:aaing mnniurc m aenm h inplanmudm of& PSD nmuM

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2.2.2.

2.2.3.

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2.2.5.

2.2.6.

2.2.7.

2.2.8.

2.2.9.

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