report of the 1st anti-corruption coordination … · van dijk, petter langseth, edgardo buscaglia,...

Report of the first

Interagency Anti-Corruption Co-ordination Meeting

4-5 February 2002

ODCCP

Vienna

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

REPORT ON THE UNITED NATIONS INTERAGENCY ANTI-

CORRUPTION CO-ORDINATION MEETING

A. BACKGROUND ...........................................................................4

B. OBJECTIVES OF THE MEETING....................................................4

C. PARTICIPANTS ...........................................................................5

D. SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION.........................................................6

E. CONCLUSIONS .........................................................................12

F. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FOLLOW-UP ACTION ........................14

ANNEXES

ANNEX 1. AGENDA.................................................................................16

ANNEX 2. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS............................................................18

ANNEX 3. LIST OF DOCUMENTS...............................................................24

ANNEX 4. SUMMARY OF PRESENTATIONS MADE BY PARTICIPATING

ORGANIZATIONS......................................................................25

ANNEX 5. DATA SHEETS.........................................................................41

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REPORT ON THE UNITED NATIONS INTERAGENCY ANTI-CORRUPTION CO-

ORDINATION MEETING

A. Background

The Meeting, which took place in Vienna on 4 and 5 February 2002, was organized to

enhance the sharing of information and best practices across UN and other stakeholders in the

fight against corruption.

1. The Meeting was the result of an initiative taken by Ms. Louise Fréchette, the United

Nations Deputy Secretary-General, who convened two meetings in New York on co-

ordination of anti-corruption activities on 2 and 26 November 2001. While it was

agreed that the United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention

(ODCCP) held the United Nations global legislative mandate on anti-corruption, it

had become clear that there were a variety of anti-corruption initiatives by various

United Nations agencies.

2. It was agreed that to foster co-ordination of these efforts it would be useful for

ODCCP to organise a broader interagency co-ordination effort. A meeting was

planned in connection with the First Session of the Ad Hoc Committee for the

Negotiation of a Convention against Corruption, to take place from 21 January to 1

February 2002 in Vienna.

B. Objectives of the Meeting

3. The objectives of the meeting were to:

(a) Exchange views on the current anti-corruption activities and future plans of the

various UN agencies and other key multilateral organisations;

(b) Share experiences and best practices, as well as evaluate the work done;

(c) Develop ways and means for improved co-ordination;

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(d) Exchange views on the current draft UN Convention against Corruption;

(e) Identify possible challenges that the Draft UN Convention against Corruption will

pose, in terms of technical co-operation work supporting its future

implementation; and

(f) Agree on a set of conclusions and recommendations for system-wide follow-up

action.

C. Participants

4. Participants in the meeting on 4 and 5 February 2002 were: Tay Keong, Barbara

Dixon and Mark Gough (UN Office of Internal Oversight Supervision), Pauline

Tamesis (UNDP), Elia Armstrong (DESA), Christophe Speckbacher (Council of

Europe), Rainer Buhrer (Interpol), Enery Quinones and Nicola Bonucci (OECD); Jan

van Dijk, Petter Langseth, Edgardo Buscaglia, Antoinette Al-Mulla, Dimitri Vlassis

and Paula Goddard (CICP), Rainer Buhrer (Interpol), and Jeremy Pope

(Transparency International).

5. The meeting was opened by Mr. Steinar B. Bjornsson, (Officer-in-Charge, United

Nations Office at Vienna and Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention) and Mr.

Eduardo Vetere (Director, Center for International Crime Prevention). The Chair was

Mr. Jan Van Dijk (Head of the Crime Reduction Analysis Branch).

6. Each of the participating agencies presented the initiatives they had been undertaking

in assisting countries and organisations to fight corruption. There followed a

discussion of the desirability for enhanced co-ordination and co-operation in these

efforts, and a discussion on monitoring of international conventions. Dimitri Vlassis

(Secretary to the Ad Hoc Committee for the Negotiation of a Convention against

Corruption) described the current initiative to draft a UN Convention against

Corruption. Enery Quinones made a presentation on monitoring of the OECD

Convention on Bribery.

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D. Summary of Discussion

7. The discussion sessions allowed for a useful exchange of ideas among the

participants regarding:

• the anti-corruption strategies and the priorities of the institutions they represent,

• the scope of the task of UN anti-corruption co-ordination,

• the various levels of anti-corruption co-operation and co-ordination that might be

attempted,

• the constraints and potential benefits, and

• the concrete steps necessary to achieve a positive result

.

8. The participants agreed generally that improved communication was a shared

objective and that meeting was a positive impetus to enhance co-ordination of UN

anti-corruption activities. But how big is the challenge, how ambitious should the

effort be, and what resources are available? In fact, do the UN agencies naturally

compete with each other as opposed to collaborate? Even if desirable, are synergies

possible?

9. A wide range of issues and concerns were aired, the foremost being the question of

how to work together for common purposes without letting the process become too

burdensome. It was agreed that a step by step process would be observed, with

“managed expectations” about what could be accomplished. E-mail can be used to

maintain momentum, thereby reducing the number of face to face meetings required.

10. To begin with a degree of coherence is needed in the definition of corruption. One

participant suggested that “anti-corruption” is a negative concept and that “promoting

ethics” is more positive. It was noted however, that in some contexts “ethics” is

considered a religious term. In such an environment the acceptable terminology is

“transparency and accountability”. In one African country scholars are studying the

links between ethics, corruption, and the two major religious cultures, Islam and

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Christianity, in order to better understand the phenomenon of corruption in that

society.

11. The participants acknowledged that interagency co-ordination takes place on several

levels, requiring varying time and resource commitments. The first level is a

systematic sharing of information. This will provide a basis for greater efficiency in

planning UN anti-corruption activities, reduce the potential for duplicating or

overlapping activities and facilitate agencies working from their comparative

advantage. The second level is co-operating in projects and other joint ventures in

which agencies work together in a consistent and mutually reinforcing manner to

implement anti-corruption activities together. A third level of interagency co-

ordination involves sharing accountability for results through joint assessments,

building upon lessons learned, and incorporating the results from a broad range of

UN substantive work into individual agency initiatives.

12. The participants agreed that the February 2002 meeting offered an opportunity to

develop a system for the exchange of useful information. They noted however, that

experience has shown unless the information is relatively up to date, targeted, user

friendly, and responsibility for maintaining the database is clear, the effort may fail.

Furthermore, information that is not comparable cannot be aggregated for analytic

purposes and some information is restricted, such as budgets, and cannot be shared as

widely.

13. As a first step each organisation will attempt to complete the format proposed by

CICP. If it proves useful the information that can be shared broadly will be made

accessible on the Internet. Each organisation would then be responsible for updating

its own information. For restricted information another site with limited access

would be identified. The web sites would identify the sponsors in the co-ordination

effort and link with the participating agencies’ sites. CICP will take the lead in setting

up a framework for this activity.

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14. Another theme was the question of impact measurement, both with respect to the

anti-corruption activities and the co-ordination effort itself. How is progress

measured in combating corruption? How is success measured in enhancing UN co-

ordination? What is the cost of not fighting corruption? What is the cost of not

achieving effective co-ordination? Measuring the public’s trust in the anti-corruption

agencies is one component of success. The example of Hong Kong was noted, where

the positive impact of a twenty-year anti-corruption/reform effort is well documented

and supported with extensive data collection, but the relative cost might exceed what

is acceptable in other parts of the world. The specific case of Hong Kong, while

instructive, may not be replicable in countries where the rule of law is not in place.

15. CICP’s “Action Learning” model uses an evidence-based framework of regular low

cost assessments to measure progress in combating corruption. Integrity meetings

provide the opportunity to develop broad consensus on the problems of corruption

and solutions to be implemented. Impact indicators are to be developed by the

stakeholders themselves and assessments are repeated over time. OIOS prefers to set

performance indicators ex ante.

16. The participants discussed the challenge of broadening the ownership of reform

efforts and building useful partnerships in combating corruption, for example with

non-governmental, civil society organisations. TI works in a collaborative approach,

building coalitions and including NGOs, governments and international organisations

to analyse integrity systems and determine how they are functioning. A recent survey

in twenty countries will indicate what the gaps are between what is found on paper

(legislation) and in reality.

17. There was also extensive discussion about how to blend the objectives of OIOS, with

its focus on internal management of the UN, with the anti-corruption initiatives of the

other UN agencies whose focus is external, to advise and serve Member States.

OIOS acknowledged that corruption is a “hidden risk” in the organisation. There are

plans to develop a more coherent UN ethical infrastructure, through an interagency

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working group. It was suggested that monitoring the trust level of UN staff with

regard to internal anti-corruption efforts would be useful.

18. The question comes down to whether the UN holds itself to the same standards of

accountability and ethical conduct for internal management purposes as it advocates

in UN technical co-operation programs and policy guidance on combating corruption

in Member States. It was agreed there is a link between the credibility of the

organisation championing reform, the integrity of the individuals involved in the fight

against corruption, and the effectiveness of the anti-corruption effort. OIOS working

together with the other UN agencies will provide synergy and mutual support for

each other’s anti-corruption efforts.

19. Beyond the sharing of information about activities, a more extensive level of co-

ordination would involve the participants successfully co-operating in joint anti-

corruption activities in a country setting. The participants discussed the feasibility of

identifying a country for pilot testing a “joint venture” approach to anti-corruption

activities, pulling together the resources of several UN and perhaps other partners in a

mutually supportive, consistent effort. OIOS’ participation would allow for an

internal review of UN integrity systems in the pilot country, in parallel with the

interagency anti-corruption program approach.

20. A concern was raised about the potential to duplicate co-ordination mechanisms

already operating in UN country programmes, and the need to work within existing

structures. Country selection criteria for such a co-ordination pilot test should include

the willingness of the local country representatives to support the effort, a

communality of interest sufficient to attract the participation of a number of agencies,

and a high probability of success and applicable lessons learned. Agency

representatives expressed the view that co-operation in joint ventures in a selected

country will require further discussion and approval. The objectives of the pilot test

and a framework for action will need to be refined and formal agency buy-in will

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need to be pursued in advance of the next meeting of the group planned for June

2002.

21. After the presentation of current progress in the negotiation of the anti-corruption

Convention, a discussion followed raising several issues related to that topic. The

questions were mostly focused on the definition of corruption, asking whether there

should be a agreement on a common definition or whether it should be left to States to

define corruption, according to their criminal law. Another important issue dealt with the

definition of a “public official”: how broad or how narrow should it be, namely if there

should be an “autonomous definition” or whether it should be left up to the individual

states to define this in their national laws. Also, an option of a combined approach was

discussed, suggesting to have a general definition to set the standard and leave the option

of further details to the countries.

Regarding the definition of “corruption” the major concern was on how broad the scope

should be. Another option suggested was to have no definition at all and approach the

issue by a list of acts of corruption to criminalize (indirect definition). In that connection,

what should be first, the definition of corruption or acts to be criminalized? Was the

Convention mainly an international cooperation tool (strong on international cooperation

provisions) or a standard setting tool (not necessarily criminal law)?

22. Furthermore, to what extent should the private sector corruption be included? Many

countries would like to include corruption within the private sector, but several others are

not yet convinced.

The draft text of the Convention has a large section on prevention. Moreover, the question

regarding the threshold of when criminal law has to be applied needs to be taken into

account. Also, a code of conduct for public officials had been proposed as an annex to

Convention. However, for the moment, it has been preliminarily agreed to refer to the UN

code of conduct directly in the relevant draft provisions, thereby incorporating it into the

text.

Answering the questions whether “International Organization Officials” should be

considered as “Public Officials”, and thus be covered by the draft convention, the

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question on “privileges and immunities” was also raised. It must be noted that the “shall”

clause in the Convention, in regard to the language used, is binding. On the other hand,

the “subject to…” formulation is an escape clause.

Another point of discussion was whether military personnel were to be considered as

public officials. Some countries interpret it to cover military personnel some don’t.

Relating to political parties, it was noted that appointment and elections are covered by the

draft. Staffs are not. There is also a draft article on political party funding.

23. So far, it is impossible to determine how binding the instrument will be. It will depend on

the final formulation. Probably national laws on administrative procedure and civil service

regulations might have to be reviewed. There is a process of development of national law

through international law. At this point the situation is unpredictable, also because only

the first 39 Articles have been discussed. The good news is that nobody has said that there

is something which cannot be accepted and should not be discussed. The spirit is good.

Regarding reservations, they can be registered as long as they do not oppose or contradict

the purpose of the new convention. In the Transnational Organised Crime Convention

until now there have not been any reservations.

24. After the presentation on the monitoring of the OECD Convention, it was noted that so

far, 34 out of 35 countries have ratified the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign

Public Officials in International Business Transactions and 31 countries have adopted

implementing legislation. The convention aims at combating Negative effects of bribery

which have for consequences to misallocate scarce public resources, undermines

development, distorts competition and corrodes democratic institutions. It was also noted

that the general features of the convention are:

- To criminalise bribery of foreign public officials (active bribery)

- To establish a definition of bribery

- To provide guidance on sanctions and statute of limitations

- To set rules on jurisdiction, mutual legal assistance, extradition

- To lay down requirements for corporate accounting and auditing

- To provide for monitoring

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25. It was stressed that the OECD Anti-Bribery Instruments are mainly: (i) the 1997

Convention, (ii) the 1996 Recommendation urging countries to disallow tax deductibility

for bribes and (iii) the 1997 Recommendation with detailed accounting and auditing

proposals aimed at increasing transparency at the company level.

The ultimate goals of the OECD Anti-Bribery Instruments which to reduce the flow of

corrupt payments, promote policy change and set high standards for global governance. If

countries do not comply with their obligations, they are exposed to public criticism. In

addition, they are not permitted to participate as “peers”, which leads to potential

competitive disadvantage for companies. The priorities set by the OECD rely on enforcing

the Convention and the Recommendations, addressing issues pending at the time that the

negotiations were completed responding to private sector concerns.

E. Conclusions

26. The meeting concluded that:

• There are clear advantages for the enhancement of information sharing and increased

co-operation and co-ordination in the delivery of assistance to countries and to

organisations. These include avoidance of duplication and an ability to learn from

the experience of others in exercises similar to those being undertaken.

• Such enhancement would call for co-operation among the stakeholders, and a clear

recognition by them of the benefits they would gain from their active participation.

• The capture of the necessary information will be a task that has to be made as least

demanding as possible for the agencies providing it, and should encompass both past

and present projects (but not planned projects as priorities tend to change). The

information needs to be made available on a timely basis.

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• It would be advantageous if this information could be placed on the Internet and

made widely available, including to the people of the recipient countries. However, it

was recognised that there may be categories of information identified that might be

more appropriately and effectively shared were it to be made available on a restricted

basis.

• The undertaking is a major one, and as such should be approached in a step-by-step

manner, starting with either or both of a particular area of activity or a small number

of pilot countries.

• It would be advantageous to develop measurable indicators in order to determine the

cost effectiveness and impact of this initiative. Possible impact indicators discussed

were: (i) increased levels of trust and co-operation between the participating agencies

to be measured by the increased use of information made available through the

programme, (ii) improved value for money; (iii) increased donor participation (e.g.

bilateral organisations)

• Participants agreed that they would begin by exchanging information through the

format presented to the meeting by the CICP. They further agreed that they would

pilot their co-operation in a country in which most of the agencies represented at the

Meeting have been working.

• Participants expressed the view that the effective multilateral monitoring of

implementation of such conventions (including the relevant OECD, OAS and

Council of Europe conventions) was essential to underpin efforts being made by the

agencies represented to fight corruption at the country and the grass roots levels.

They look forward to the conclusion of a comprehensive UN Convention against

Corruption that can serve as a constructive point of reference for their efforts to assist

the State Parties.

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• Participants considered that the proceedings of the meeting had been enriched by the

participation of the UNOIOS. They concluded that its continued participation is

essential to the success of the efforts being made by the United Nations to counter

corruption. Demonstrating high levels of integrity on the part of the institutions

offering assistance is important to the overall credibility of these efforts.

F. Recommendations for follow-up action

27. The meeting agreed on the following recommendations:

• Participants will review and update the Fact Sheet distributed and discussed at the

meeting and return these to Vienna by March 6th 2002.

• CICP will explore ways to make information available on Internet web sites, one site

with public access such as the UN Portal, and another a limited access web site for a

database of specific project information.

• Participants agreed to consider testing out practical measures for co-operation and

information sharing in one or more counties in the field. CICP will explore with UN

agencies in Nigeria their receptivity to the possibility of pilot testing anti-corruption

co-ordination in that country.

• A follow-up meeting should be held in June 2002, in connection with the second

session of the Ad Hoc Committee for the Negotiation of a Convention against

Corruption. The same agencies should be invited (including the ones that were not

able to attend on this occasion). Agenda items for the next meeting could include (i)

the development of a strategy to enhance the visibility of UN anti- corruption co-

ordination efforts in regional and international fora, (ii) a strategy to raise the profile

of anti-corruption co-ordination with UN Senior Management, (iii) discussions of UN

anti-corruption efforts in the reconstruction of Afghanistan, (iv) and further

discussion of pilot testing UN co-ordination of anti-corruption initiatives in a selected

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country. Suggestions for participants to be added to the invitation list included

UNESCO, UNCTAD, and ITC.

• OIOS welcomed suggestions, ideas and proposals for addressing potential corruption

problems in the UN reconstruction effort in Afghanistan.

28. Participants thanked the CICP for organising the discussions and invited its staff to

continue to facilitate the dialogue and the follow-up to the proceedings.

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ANNEXES Annex 1. Agenda

Monday, 4 February 2002

OPENING

10:00 Welcome

Steinar B. Bjornsson, Officer-in-Charge, United Nations Office at Vienna and

Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention

10:15 The importance of co-ordination and collaboration to assist countries in

fighting corruption

Eduardo Vetere, Director, Centre for International Crime Prevention

10:30 1. Sharing of current and future anti-corruption initiatives

Presentation and evaluation of the current activities of the various organizations and

agencies in the field of anti-corruption.

Discussion

13:00 Lunch

15:00 2. Collaboration, Co-ordination and Synergies

• Ways and means to improve coordination and collaboration

• Tools to help countries build integrity to fight corruption (e.g. global trends

reports, technical and policy guides and their dissemination, roster of experts)

• Technical cooperation: success and failures - lessons learned

Discussion

Future joint initiatives in the governance and anti-corruption field: towards a broad

action plan

• Increased exchange of information and experiences

• System-wide coordination and consultations

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• Joint initiatives

• Web page summarizing governance and anti-corruption initiatives

Tuesday, 5 February 2002

10:00 3. The Draft UN Convention against Corruption

Comments on the new draft UN Convention against Corruption

Main challenges for technical co-operation in helping countries to implement the

future Convention

Discussion

4. Monitoring existing instruments - the OECD experience

13:00 Lunch

15:00 5. Conclusions and recommendations

Closing of the meeting

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Annex 2. List of Participants

Office for Internal Oversight Services

Mr. Tay Keong Tan

Special Assistant to the Under-Secretary-General for

Internal Oversight Services

S-3527D

United Nations

New York, NY 10017, USA

Tel : (1-212) 963-4446 ; Fax : (1-212) 963-7010

E-mail : [email protected]

Ms. Barbara Dixon

Director of Investigations


DC1-0734

United Nations


Tel : (1-212) 963-5663 ; Fax : (1-212) 963-7774


Mr. Mark Gough

Coordinator, Field Operations Management Unit


DC1-0736

United Nations


Tel : (1-212) 963-8783 ; Fax : (1-212) 963-7010


Department of Economic and Social Affairs

Ms. Elia Armstrong

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Advisor

Division for Public Economics and Public Administration

United Nations

1 UN Plaza, Room DC2-1732


Tel : (1-212) 963-2926, Fax : (1-212) 963-2916


Department of Public Information

Ms. Ingrid Lehmann

Director, UNIS Vienna

P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna

Tel : (43-1) 26060-5676, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5899


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United Nations Development Programme

Ms. Pauline Tamesis

Anti-Corruption, Accountability and Transparency Specialist

Bureau for Development Policy

304 East 45 Street

Room FF - 622


Tel : (1-212) 906-5349, Fax : (1-212) 906-6471


Council of Europe

Mr. Christophe Speckbacher

Administrator

Department of Crime Problems

Economic Crime Division

Council of Erope

F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex, France

Tel : (333) 9021-5028, Fax : (333) 8841-3955


Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

Mr. Nicola Bonucci

Deputy Director of Legal Affairs

Directorate for Legal Affairs

2, rue André-Pascal

75775 Paris Cedex 16 France

Tel : 331-4524-8077, Fax : 331-4524-8053


Mrs. Enery Quinones

Head, Anti-Corruption Division

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Directorate of Financial, Fiscal and Enterprise Affairs


75775 Paris Cedex 16 France

Tel : 331-4524-9102, Fax : 331-4430-6307


INTERPOL

Mr. Rainer-Diethardt Bührer

Assistant Director

Financial and High Tech Crime Sub-Directorate

O.I.P.C. - INTERPOL

Secrétariat général

200, quai Charles de Gaulle

69006 Lyon, France

Tel : (334) 7244-7323, Fax : (334) 7244-7221


Transparency International

Mr. Jeremy Pope

Executive Director

Transparency International Secretariat (London Office)

Unit 6, 16-18 Empress Place

London SW6 1TT, United Kingdom

Tel: (4420) 7610-1400; Fax: (4420) 7610-1550

Email: [email protected]

United Nations International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP)

Ms. Catherine Volz

Chief, Legal Advisory Section

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4117

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Mr. Brian Taylor

Chief, Supply Reduction and Law Enforcement Section

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4131


Mr. Ian Munro

Law Enforcement Advisor

SRLES

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4466


Global Programme against Money Laundering

Ms. Elizabeth Joyce

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4238


CICP Secretariat

Mr. Eduardo Vetere

Director, CICP

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4272, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Mr. Jan J.M. van Dijk

Chief, Crime Reduction and Analysis Branch

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4229, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Mr. Jean-Paul Laborde

Commission Secretariat and Legal Affairs Branch

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4207, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898

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Mr. Petter Langseth

Programme Manager

Global Programme against Corruption

Tel : (43-1) 26060-4406, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Antoinette Al-Mulla


Tel : (43-1) 26060-4232, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Mr. Dimitri Vlassis


Tel : (43-1) 26060-4534, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Mr. Christopher Ram


Tel : (1-431) 26060-4354, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Mr. Edgardo Buscaglia


Tel : (1-431) 26060-4407, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


Ms. Paula Goddard


Tel : (1-431) 26060-4130, Fax : (43-1) 26060-5898


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Annex 3. List of documents

1. Draft UN Anti-Corruption Tool Kit Revised January 2002 (CICP)

2. Draft UN Manual on Anti-Corruption Policy November 2001 (CICP)

3. Draft UN Convention against Corruption A/AC/261/3 (Part 1-4)

4. Global Programme against Corruption Work Plan and Programme Objectives 2002-2003

(CICP)

5. UNDP Activities in Anti-Corruption

6. UNDP Thematic Trust Fund /Democratic Governance

7. Council of Europe: Summary of achievements and plans for the future in the field of anti-

corruption initiatives

8 Interpol’s Approach to Combating Corruption: Report on the Activities of the International

Group of Experts on Corruption (IGEC)

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Annex 4. Summary of Presentations made by Participating Organizations

1. Office of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS)

Corruption and the United Nations

Agenda

Issues

- Reported cases

- Ethical infrastructure

- Voice in international forums

Actions

- Interagency working group

- Organizational Integrity Programme

- International platform

Proposals

- SMG sponsorship

- Multi-agency leadership

- Swift and strong action

“Criminal Cases”

70117

144 126155

186

275238

40 49 48 41 57 69109

217

110

166192

167212

255

384

455

050

100150200250

300350400

450500

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Non-criminal Criminal Total matters received each calendaryear

26

Issues

- Rising incidences of reported “criminal cases”. Need timely diagnosis of nature

and extent of corruption.

- Lack of coherent ethical infrastructure (mandates and tools, but systems not in

place).

- Absent voice in international forums to account for UN’s work.

Actions

- Initiate and sustain an interagency task force.

- Develop an Organizational Integrity System based on Best Practices – debarment,

codes, counseling, Ombudsman.

- Account publicly and regularly in international forums.

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Proposals

- Support and Sponsorship - Senior Management Group.

- Capacity and Synergy – interagency network in developing an OIS.

- Speed and Resolve – Diagnosis, detection, investigation, and publicity.

2. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Overview: UNDP's Approach to Integrity Improvement

• Prioritize capacity development of national and local actors/institutions

• Ensure efficient, responsive and accountable public sector

• Facilitate citizen’s participation in decision making and governance

• Build partnerships and encourage closer co-operation

UNDP Policy Paper

• General framework approved by Executive Committee July 1998

• Updated policy guidance note, 1st quarter 2002

Programme for Accountability and Transparency (PACT)

• Strengthening financial management and accountability (initial entry point)

• Improving accountability, transparency & integrity in democratic governance

• strengthening national capacity to prevent & control corruption (policies/institutions)

• facilitating local co-ordination, consensus and coalition-building

• knowledge networking

• forging communities of practice and external partnerships

Strengthening National Capacities

• China - reform administrative structures to improve performance & create clean

government

• Mongolia - support development of national anti-corruption programme & legislation

• East Timor - build Office of the Inspector General through training

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• Bangladesh - enhance capacity of Office of Controller and Accountant General for

oversight and facilitate CSO/government coalition for monitoring

• Pakistan - develop learning guide on anti-corruption

• Philippines - strengthen media via investigative journalism

• Nigeria - support to independent anti-corruption commission, facilitate donor co-

ordination

• Mozambique - target municipal accountability and civic awareness; link with Public

Sector Reform

• Tanzania - assist Prevention of Corruption Bureau, improve public awareness for

monitoring

• Bolivia - elaborate the Plan National Integridad

• Panama - promote national dialogue and civic education

• Ecuador - improve accountability in decentralisation and local governance

Knowledge Networking

• Preparatory Regional Electronic Discussion Forum and Workshops at the 10th IACC and

follow-up

• UNDP Communities of Practice in Democratic Governance

Building Partnerships

• Partnership for Transparency Fund - Ensure independent civil society voice in the fight against corruption

- Small grants to: Bulgaria, Pakistan, India, Latvia, Brazil, Cambodia

Future Directions

• Move from rhetoric to focused actions and follow-up (e.g. capacity building of key

sectors)

• Facilitate mobilization and political commitment at all levels

• Strengthen collaboration and partnerships (e.g. donors, governments, CSOs & private

sector) Codify & share knowledge

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3. Department of Economic Social Affairs (DESA)

DESA’S Mandate

To promote a multi-dimensional and integrated approach to development

DPEPA’S Mandate

• To assist in intergovernmental policy deliberations

• To assist Member States in improving public administration and finance systems

• To support capacity building, including institutional reinforcement and human resources

development

DPEPA’S Corruption Prevention Work

General Assembly Resolution 50/225:

• Recognises important link between sound public administration and development

• Supports strengthening the professionalism and integrity of public officials

• Calls for participatory governance and transparent and accountable administrations

DPEPA’S Corruption Prevention Work

General Assembly Resolution 50/225, Article 6:

• “Reaffirms that democracy and transparent and accountable governance and

administration in all sectors of society are indispensable foundations for the realisation of

social and people-centred sustainable development.”

DESA’s Past Activities

• Inter-regional, regional and national policy fora • Publications

• Training material

• Charter for the Public Service in Africa

• Support to policy and programme research

• Policy advisory services

• Partnerships with international, national, and non-governmental organizations

30

Policy Fora Themes

• Corruption in Government

• Professionalism and ethics in the public service

• Enhancing transparency and accountability

• Foreign aid accountability

• Accounting and audit standards

• Professionalism and Ethics in the Public Service (Overview - 2000)

• Promoting Ethics in the Public Service (Brazil -2000)

• Public Service in Transition: Ethical Values and Standards (Central & Eastern Europe - 99)

• The Civil Service in Africa: New Challenges, Professionalism and Ethics (2000)

• Public Service in Africa (2 volumes - 2001/2)

Publications

(www.unpan.org)

• Corruption in Government (1989)

• Role of SAIs in Fighting Corruption and Mismanagement (1996)

• Foreign Aid Accountability (1998)

• Transparency and Accountability in Government Financial Management (2000)

• Mechanism to Increase Transparency in Administration: OPEN System of Seoul (2001/2)

Training Material

• Public Sector Professional Ethics in Africa (forthcoming):

• Manual on ethics training programmes

• CD-ROM of cartoon sketches for teaching moral reasoning and ethical decision-making

Charter for Public Service in Africa

• Outcome of the Rabat Declaration, issued at 2nd Pan-African Conference of Civil Service

Ministers, 1998.

31

• Working group of Civil Service Ministers drafting document in 1999.

• Adoption at the 3rd Pan-African Conference of Civil Service Ministers, 2001.

Policy Advice

• Namibia’s Promotion of Ethics and Combating Corruption Conference

• Thailand’s International Law Enforcement Academy Seminar for ASEAN countries

• Yemen’s COCA

• Brazil’s Council for Public Ethics

Partnerships

• International: UNDP, OAU, OECD, CAFRAD,

• National: Brazil, Canada, Greece, Morocco, United States, Republic of Korea, others

(long history of technical cooperation)

• Non-governmental/Professional: TI, AAPAM, APSA, GCA, IAD, IIAS, IIPE, INTOSAI

DESA’s Future Activities

• Currently finalizing work plan for biennium 2002/3

• Continue/finalize current projects

• SPPD study on transparency and accountability in the Arab Region involving 8 countries

• Major conceptual paper on the theme of integrity or ethics infrastructure

• On-line chat room on transparency and accountability (in discussion)

4. Centre for International Crime Prevention (CICP)

The Centre for International Crime Prevention (CICP), through its Global Programme Against

Corruption (GPAC), contributes to the fight against corruption by helping member states

build the requisite integrity, efficiency and effectiveness in their criminal justice systems. This

focus is consistent with the focus and mandate of the Centre in elaborating international

policy, legal instruments, standards and norms in the field of crime prevention and criminal

justice.

32

Generally, the Global Programme against Corruption advocates anti-corruption strategies

based on the following principles.

1. Strategies should be comprehensive and inclusive. The principle of inclusiveness applies

not only to the elements of anti-corruption strategies, which must address all significant

aspects of the problem, but also to the participants and stakeholders in anti-corruption

measures, and to elements of civil society and populations in general, whose vigilance and

support for anti-corruption measures is critical for their success.

2. Strategies should be integrated. Anti-corruption strategies which successfully bring

together disparate elements and stakeholders into a single unit require internal integration

to ensure that each part of the strategy and each party to it will work together

harmoniously, avoiding inefficiencies and inconsistencies which could weaken the overall

impact

3. Strategies should be transparent. Transparency as a necessary element of public vigilance

is widely-advocated as a necessary condition for good governance and the rule of law and

as an important element of the fight against corruption

4. Strategies should be non-partisan. The fight against corruption is an ongoing effort which

will generally transcend the normal succession of political governments, and which

therefore requires multi-partisan commitment and support

5. Strategies should be evidence-based. The success and credibility of strategies will depend

to a large degree on the ability of advocates to demonstrate concrete results, not only in

reductions in corruption, but against social, political, economic and other criteria

6. Strategies should be impact-oriented. Clear objectives should be set for overall strategies

and their constituent elements, but the establishment of objective and measurable criteria

against which progress can be tested are also essential

33

(a) Objectives and Focus of the Programme

GPAC has built a team of staff experts with the necessary practical and theoretical

backgrounds to assist countries in combating corruption. The Programme's approach is to

targets the risk, cost and uncertainty to those engaged in the abuse of power for private gain

by:

1. Assessing corruption with special focus on the criminal justice system and the courts

2. Promoting integrity, efficiency and effectiveness of the criminal justice system, including

the courts

3. Facilitating an integrated approach in collaboration and partnership with others

(b) Collaboration with Partners.

One of key challenges facing local, national and international efforts to build integrity to

curb corruption is the establishment of new strategic partnerships. These partnerships can

range from information sharing to joint execution of programmes including data collection,

workshops, institution building and awareness raising as well as joint funding and cost

sharing of projects. These partners can be international agencies, such as the World Bank,

collaborating and sharing information with a national NGO such as TI Uganda, or it can be

CICP jointly conducting a survey with USAID and the World Bank.

(c) Global Crime and Corruption Trends Project

This research project will focus on aspects of public sector corruption and its links with

organized crime in its different forms. Anti-corruption policies and institutional specific

measures will also be addressed by considering the levels, types, effects and causes of

corruption; capacities of national institutions across legal systems, in particular the criminal

justice system, to address the problem of corruption and the level of public confidence and

trust in government authorities to address this issue. The Global Programme will collaborate

with relevant entities particularly of a research and scientific nature in this regard. A first

report will be issued in 2002.

(d) UN Manual on Anti Corruption Policy

34

The UN Manual on Anti-Corruption Policy is being prepared pursuant to ECOSOC

resolutions l995/14, 1996/8, 1998/16, and GA resolutions 51/59, 54/128. It is intended to

convey a basic understanding of the phenomenon of “corruption”, its dynamics and impact,

and express the UN’s integrated approach and suggested control strategies.

(e) Anti-Corruption Tool Kit

This collection of tools will be updated regularly and refined, based on a systematic action-

learning process using further anti-corruption research, including GPACs comprehensive

Country Assessment in pilot countries and lessons learned from technical-assistance

activities implemented by GPAC and other agencies

35

(f) Dissemination of Best Practice

The Global Programme will develop and disseminate specialized material of various

types, for different purposes and geared for various public, academic and professional

audiences, in electronic and hard copy. Electronic publications on the Internet will be

consumer-friendly, interactive and will generate feedback for refinement of technical

advisory guides, programmes and ‘tools’. The forthcoming issue of “Forum on Crime

and Society” is devoted to the theme of corruption. The CICP Publication series,

including papers in the following areas: (i) Technical Guides, (ii) Anti Corruption

Policy Manual(s), (iii) Research and Scientific Series, (iv) Conference Series and, (iv)

Field-level Activities is available on the UN’s web site. Promotion of the Anti

Corruption Tool Kit and the UN Manual on AC Policy is being accomplished through

regional, national and local government workshops. Two regional workshops are

planned for Latin America (with OAS). One regional workshop (SADEC) is being

planned with DFID’s support in Africa. A local government Tool Kit workshop is

planned for Colombia

(g) Judicial Integrity Promotion Programme

The objectives of the Judicial Integrity Promotion Project are to (a) formulate the

concept of judicial integrity and devise the methodology for introducing that concept

without compromising the principle of judicial independence; (b) facilitate a “safe” and

productive learning environment for the judiciary and (c) raise awareness regarding

judicial integrity.

The plan of action includes activities at both the international and national levels

(h) Technical Cooperation Programme

The Programme’s technical cooperation component focuses on assessment and on

practical application and field- testing of best practice in building integrity and

efficiency in criminal justice systems in key pilot countries

(i) Workshops on Organized Crime and Corruption for Prosecutors and Investigators

36

Training of Police, Prosecution and Judicial officials in best practices to fight organized

crime and corruption in the framework of Palermo Convention against Transnational

Organized Crime and Vienna 1988 Convention against Drugs. The purpose of the

training is to: (i) develop a comprehensive operative strategy that integrates the efforts

of all of the anti organized crime and corruption institutions and other national and

international stakeholders; (ii) initiate a process that will increase the awareness and

skills, (ii) identify measures that will curb organized crime and corruption; and (iv)

identify impact indicators and (v) establish a baseline and initiate a process that will

allow monitoring of the impact of the strategy.

5. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

OECD’s presentation on monitoring the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public

Officials in International Business Transactions appears later in the proceedings. The central

lesson learned from OECD experience with the Convention is monitoring of country

performance is key to success.

Without a monitoring mechanism there are no “teeth” in the convention. Public availability

of the information is also critical to success.

OECD is also working in areas not covered by the convention. Current work is in carrying out

analysis of loopholes, or gaps in the coverage of the convention, for example illegal funding

of political parties and foreign subsidiaries. The focus of the convention is on the “supply

side” of corruption, though this could be challenged.

Another challenge is to strengthen links between OECD’s work and private sector initiatives,

such as training of employees and instituting compliance programs. The OECD is also

working with non-member countries on a regional basis through the establishment of an Anti

Corruption Network for Transition Economies, support for the Stability Pact Anti Corruption

Initiative (SPAI), provision of technical assistance to the Baltic States, development of an

action plan for the Asia Pacific region and guidance on monitoring the OAS convention for

the Latin American region.

37

6. The Council of Europe

The Council of Europe’s full presentation is contained in the handout entitled “:Council of

Europe Summary of Achievements and plans for the future in the field of initiatives against

corruption” prepared for the interagency co-ordination meeting in Vienna February 4-5,

2002.

Key achievements in combating corruption are standard setting, guiding principles (“soft

law”), technical co-operation, and monitoring. The Criminal Law on Corruption will soon

enter into force with 14 countries. Guiding principles on the funding of political parties will

be adopted in a few months.

Since 1997 the Council has implemented the OCTUPUS Program in Central and Eastern

Europe. The focus of the program is on policy development, presenting special investigating

means, supporting specialised units and promoting international co-operation. The program

provides for assessments of corruption, organized crime, and money laundering, seminars and

study visits for police, judges, prosecutors, legislators and policy makers, and conferences.

7. INTERPOL

Interpol’s full presentation is contained in the handout entitled Interpol’s Approach to

Combating Corruption, Report on the Activities of the International Group of Experts on

Corruption (IGEC)

Interpol’s anti-corruption approach is within a framework of information exchange. The focus

is on law enforcement agencies and building capacity within those institutions. A strategic

plan has been adopted. A library of best practices is planned, in a proactive effort to equip

professionals in the field of anti-corruption. A draft is available. A police integrity survey is

also planned, that asks policemen to survey themselves on a repeated basis.

38

8. Transparency International (TI)

Headquarters programme

• National chapter building and support (87 chapters and growing)

• Public awareness raising

• Knowledge capture

• Research

• Innovation

• Surveys

• In-country innovation

• Chapter queries

• Liaison

Knowledge capture

• CORIS (web site of corruption information)

• Good (best) practice (on web site)

• International Trade Corruption Monitor (ITCM)

• Global Gateway

• 1200 research papers

• Local government

• Judicial decisions (judges¹ handbook)

Research

• Further development of the TI Source Book

• National Integrity System Surveys

• International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC) programme content

• Liaison with experts in academia

39

Innovation

• Business Integrity Principles (with private sector stakeholders)

• Ministerial Ethics and Code of Conduct (developed in Nigeria)

• Code of conduct for judiciary (with UNCICP)

• Arms trade (consultations with selected manufacturers)

• Business schools (curricula on anti-corruption in preparation)

• Wolfsberg Principles (agreement among banks on “know your customer”)

• International Olympic Committee (with Ethics Commission)

• Records Management (education in Tanzania, health in Ghana)

Surveys

• Corruption Perceptions Index

• Bribe Payers¹ Index

• Global Corruption Barometer (in development)

• Judicial system surveys (in partnership with CICP)

• Other new s Surveys (in development)

In-country Innovation

Nigeria-Transition workshops for senior officials and prospective Ministers

- Contracts review (Value for Money - over 100 major contracts rescinded)

- Anti-Corruption Commission (materials, paper on risk management)

- Judicial training retreat (on corruption cases)

- Ethics programme (ethics programmes in selected ministries)

- Youth education programme (governance television programme in preparation)

- Business reputation (web site to help counter 419 cases of fraud)

Kenya - Amnesties materials

Dominica - New ethics act

Russia - Draft anti-corruption law

40

Jamaica - Freedom of information

Panama - Elections and conflict of interest

Vanuatu - Crisis with Ombudsman¹s office

Namibia - Assessment of AC legislation

TI Liaison with other organisations

• UNDP

• CICP

• OECD

• UK based NGOs (Amnesty, Oxfam, Save the Children)

• Global Witness

• Public Concern at Work

• Records Management Trust

• Consumers International

• UK national chapter

• INTERPOL

• Universities (SOAS, Harvard, Stanford, London School of Economics)

• Commonwealth NGO networks

41

Annex 5. Data Sheets

a. Office of Internal Oversight Services

(OIOS)

Anti-corruption Strategy

OIOS, through independent, professional and timely audit, inspection, evaluation, monitoring and investigation

activities, provides the United Nations management, the Secretary-General and the General Assembly with

objective and useful information, advice and reports that support the achievement of organizational goals in the

most cost-effective manner. As an agent of positive change, OIOS assists managers in promoting:

1. Accountability for the stewardship of resources

2. Efficiency and productivity

3. Cost-effective controls to ensure compliance with authority minimise waste and deter fraud and dishonesty.

The Audit and Management Consulting Division (AMCD) is represented in Geneva and Nairobi. The

Investigations Section is only represented in Nairobi. The other OIOS units, the Central Evaluation Unit and the

Central Monitoring and Inspection Unit, do not have regional offices.

Activities in the past

Place Sectors Components Date Budget Coordinator Partners

Progress of the investigation and action

thereon to Determine Responsibility for

the theft of US$3.9 million in

UNOSOM II

02

Feb

1995

Investigation of allegations of

irregularities and mismanagement in

MINURSO

05

Apr

1995

Audit of the UNPROFOR personnel

pilot project

06 Jun

1995

Audit report on the United Nations

Access Control System project

30

Nov

1995

Strengthening the role of evaluation

findings in programme design, delivery

and policy directives

04

Apr

1996

42

Audit of procurement handled by the

Contracts and Procurement Service of

the Department for Development

Support and Management Services

(DDSMS)

30

Apr

1996

Investigation of allegations of

misappropriations of United Nations

assets at the United Nations Gift Centre

19Jul

1996

Management audit of United Nations

Global Cargo and Motor Vehicle

Insurance Programmes

22

Aug

1996

Investigation of the United Nations

Access Control System

08 Oct

1996

Inquiry into seminars of the Special

Committee

11 Oct

1996

Audit and investigation of the

International Criminal Tribunal for

Rwanda

06

Feb

1997

43



Audit of headquarters catering

operations

20

Feb

1997

Audit of the United Nations Logistics

Base (UNLB) in Brindisi

20

Feb

1997

In-depth evaluation of the Department

of Humanitarian Affairs

09

Apr

1997

Triennial review of the in-depth

evaluation of the Social Development

Programme

21

Apr

1997

Nairobi Investigation into the alleged conflict of

interest in the UNCHS (Habitat)

10

Sept

1997

Audits of the Regional Commissions 27 Jan

1998

Follow-up on the audit and

investigation of the ICTR

6 Feb.

1998

Audit of the use of consultants 5 Mar.

1998

Vienna In-depth evaluation of the United

Nations International Drug Control

Programme

17

Mar.

1998

Vienna In-depth evaluation of the United

Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal

Justice Division

17

Mar.

1998

Nairobi Audit of the second United Nations

Conference on Human Settlements

(Habitat II)

20

Mar.

1998

44




25

Mar.

1998

Audit of the procurement process in

UNAVEM

28

Apr.

1998

Audit of the Commercial Insurance

Programme

18

Aug

1998

Audit of the United Nations Health

Insurance Programme

7 Oct

1998

Audit of the Employment of Retirees 5 Nov

1998

Review of Procurement-related

Arbitration Cases

1 Mar

1999

45



In-depth evaluation of the Disarmament

Programme

31 Mar

1999

In-depth evaluation of Electoral

Assistance

23 Mar

1999

Audit and Investigation of ICTY

3 Jun

1999

Investigation into the award of a fresh

rations contract in a United Nations

peacekeeping mission

13 Jul

1999

Audit of the management of service and

ration contracts in peacekeeping

missions

9 Sept

1999

Lebanon Investigation into the UNRWA field

office in Lebanon

21 Sept

1999

Audit of the liquidation of peacekeeping

missions

23 Sept

1999

Management audit of ECA and ESCAP

conference centres

28 Sept

1999

Investigation into allegations

concerning an electronic commerce

project at UNCTAD

29 Sept

1999

Angola Investigation into $6.9 million

procurement of quartering area goods in

the UN Angola Verification Mission

16 Nov

1999

Bosnia

and

Herzego-

vina

Investigation into allegations of fraud in

travel at the United Nations Mission in

Bosnia and Herzegovina

20 Dec

1999

Audit of contingent-owned equipment

procedures and payments to troop-

23 Feb

2000

46

contributing countries

In-dept evaluation of the global

development trends, issues and policies,

and global approaches to social and

micro-economic issues and policies, and

the corresponding subprogrammes in

the regional commissions

24 Mar

2000

In-dept evaluation of the Advancement

of Women Programme

29 Mar

2000

Rwanda Audit of the Office of the United

Nations High Commissioner for Human

Rights Field Operation in Rwanda

6 Apr

2000




4 Apr

2000

Proactive investigation of the Education

Grant entitlement

10 Jun

2000

47



Investigation into the misdirection of

contributions made by Member States

to the United Nations Environment

Programme Trust Fund account

19 Oct

2000

Investigation into the misdirection of

contributions made by Member States

to the United Nations Environment

Programme Trust Fund account

10 Jun

2000

Follow-up audit of the recruitment

process in the Office of Human

Resources Management

19

Sep

2000

Rules and procedures to be applied for

the investigation functions performed

by the Office of Internal Oversight

Services

11 Oct

2000

Follow-up audit on the implementation

of procurement reform

25 Jan

2001

Inspection of the outcome of the

consolidation of the three former

economic and social departments into

the Department of Economic and Social

Affairs

26 Jan

2001

Investigation of possible fee-splitting

arrangements at ICTR and ICT

1 Feb

2001

Inspection of the consolidation of

technical support services in DGAACS

23

Feb

2001

Management audit of United Nations

civilian police operations

1 Mar

2001

Enhancing the internal oversight 27

48

mechanisms in operational funds and

programmes, updated version

Mar

2001

Enhancing the internal oversight

mechanisms in operational funds and

programmes, updated version

8 Mar

2001

In-depth evaluation of sustainable development

27 Mar 2001

In-depth evaluation of the population

programme.

4 Apr

2001

Triennial review of the implementation

of the recommendations made by the

CPC at its thirty-eighth session on the

in-depth evaluation of the UN crime

prevention and criminal justice

26

Apr

2001

49



Triennial review of the implementation

of the recommendations made by the

CPC at its thirty-eighth session on the

in-depth evaluation of the UNDCP

4 May

2001

Vienna Inspection of programme management

and administrative practices in the

Office for Drug Control and Crime

Prevention

1 Jun

2001

Audit of the policies and procedures of

the DPKO for recruiting international

civilian staff for field mission

20 Jul

2001

Report of the Office of Internal

Oversight Services for the period from

1 July 2000 to 30 June 2001

19

Sept

2001

Nairobi Inspection of the administrative and

management practices of the UN Office

at Nairobi

14

Nov

2001

Nairobi Inspection of the administrative and

management practices of the UN Office

at Nairobi

14

Nov

2001

Audit of the establishment and

management of mission subsistence

allowance rates

26

Nov

2001

Vienna Investigation into allegation of

misconduct and mismanagement of the

"boat project" at the UN Office for

Drug Control and Crime Prevention

7 Dec

2001

Current Activities


50

Future Plans


51

Budget

• 1998–1999: $26.5 million. – 2000-2001 : $29.2 million

• Donors: UN budget + extrabudgetary resources (around $10 million)

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter

New York

(USA)

132 staff: 94 professional and 38 General

Service.

Nairobi

(Kenya)

Field Headquarters Geneva

(Switzerland)

Contacts

Name & function Address

Headquarter Barbara Dixon

Chief, Investigations

Section

United Nations Secretariat

Office of Internal Oversight Services

1, UN Plaza


Phone: (212) 963-56-63

Fax: (212) 963-77-74

E-mail: [email protected]

Field Headquarters

52

b. United Nations Development Programme

(UNDP)


UNDP approaches the fight against corruption as part of its overall programme to build and strengthen

democratic governance.

UNDP’s policy focuses on interventions as:

1. capacity building;

2. policy dialogue and advocacy

3. partnership building and

4. Knowledge networking



Legislation,

Law

enforcement

Conferences March

1999

Geir.Sundet

@undp.org

The World

Bank, EU

Tanzania

Awareness

Raising

Working Groups,

anti-corruption campaigns

The

Prevention of

Corruption

Bureau, Civil

Society, the

Media

Burundi

Public Sector

management,

Awareness-

raising

Financial management and

governance mechanisms

assessment.

Training for government,

members of parliament,

CSOs, private sector and

media.

May

2000

Frederique.K

bawa@undp.

org

53

Law

enforcement,

Prevention,

Elaboration of the anti-

corruption law.

Seminar, draft of an

Action Plan for the

National Anti-Corruption

Commission

2000 Torre.Rose@

undp.org ;

Esther.Kanan

[email protected]

g

Ministry of

Justice

Rwanda

Awareness

Raising

Conference 2000 Civil Society

Institution Building

Supporting the capacity

building of the

Independent Corrupt

Practices and Other

Related Offences

Commission (ICPC),

Support project framework

for the ICPC.

March 2001

Goerges.nzon

[email protected]

rg

The WB, DFID, USAID, U.S Dept of State, The European Commission

Nigeria

Law

Enforcement

Technical workshop 11-12

July

2001

Anti-

corruption

Bodies, civil

society

54



Uganda

Institution

Building, Law

enforcement,

Awareness

Raising

Development of an

National Governance

Programme,

Implementation of the

national action plan,

strengthening the

Inspector General’s Office

2001 World Bank

Institute,

East

Timor

Institution

Building,

Prevention,

Public Sector

management

Governance and Public

Sector Management

Programme, Staff training,

Workshops

3rd

quarter

of 2001

Office of the

Inspector

General

Mongolia

Law

enforcement

Awareness

Raising

Implementation of existing

law, national survey,

workshop with MP’s,

National anti-corruption

program

Since

1998

Tserendoy@

undp.org

Media,

NGO’s

FR of

Yugoslavia

Institution

Building

Early Warning Systems,

Creation of a Supreme

audit institution,

July

2000

Thomas.Kers

[email protected]

rg

Kyrgyz-

stan

Awareness

Raising

Public Opinion Poll Early

2001

Round Table with the


Program

11 June

2001

Ukraine

Institution

Building,

Legislation

Action Plan Late

2001

Sergei.Sirotki

[email protected]

Government

55

Jordan Financial

Sector

Financial management

assessment

Creation of the Office of

Ombudsman

1998 Firas.Ghavai

[email protected]

g

Current Activities


Burkina

Faso

Institution

Building &

Reinforce-

ment

Coordination of the first

National Ethics Forum.

Foster collaboration and

donors.

2002 Rikke.Damm

@undp.org

Government

Guinea

Conakry

Law

enforcement

Legislation

Assessment

Tanzania Law

enforcement

Project Document Geir.Sundet

@undp.org

Mongolia Institution

Building

National Anti-corruption

program

Tserendoy@

undp.org

56

Current Activities


Private Sector

Management

Preparing a Corporate

Code of Conduct

Mauritius

Law

enforcement

Assisting the Select

Committee on Fraud and

Corruption

Government

Institution

Building

Support to the

Decentralisation and

Municipal Development

Project (PDDM)

Seminars, debates, training

courses. Collaboration

with the local universities.

early

2002

Henny.Matos

@undp.org

Government

Civic

Awareness

Training course for

journalists

BMZ Trust

Fund

Mozam-

bique

Public Sector

Reform

Assisting the Technical

Unit for Public Sector

Reform (UTRESP).

Seminars and training.

Public

Administra-

tion

Monitor accountability in

public administration

Government

Civil society

Bangladesh Legislation

Public sector

Management

Project preparation and

Implementation for a

Nationally-owned

financial management

reform program

The World

Bank

57

Indonesia

Governance

Reform

Judicial Reform, civil

service reform, electoral

system and management,

legislative empowerment,

civil society/media

strengthening, and

corporate governance.

surveys, interviews,

analytical work legal and

institutional framework,

national workshop

Oct

2000

World Bank,

ADB, WBI,

Media,

Private

Sector,

Nepal Awareness

Raising,

Judiciary,

Law

enforcement

Access to Justice and

Reform of the Judiciary

project.

TI

58

Current Activities


Pakistan Prevention,

Institution

Building,

Law

enforcement

Training Staff

Establishment of an

Independent Procurement

Authority,

Strengthening of the

national Audit Institution

Paul.Oquist

@undp.org

UNDP Asia

Governance

Resource

Facility

Philippines Investigative Improve the role of

investigative media,

Audit project.

Centre for

Investigative

journalism

Ecuador Law

enforcement

Support of local

governments

anti-corruption practices

Francesco.No

[email protected]

Public Sector

Management,

Awareness

Raising

National Integrity Plan,

Civil service and police

forces reform,

workshops

10 year

project

$70 M Christian.Jett

[email protected]

WB, Sweden,

Germany,

Denmark,

Netherlands

Bolivia

Awareness

Raising

Civil society workshops

Project fund to support

CSO anti-corruption

initiatives

TI la Paz

Panama Prevention,

Awareness

Raising

Civic education and

national dialogue project

Information access,

investigative journalism

plans

Elisabeth.Fon

[email protected]

TI

59

Uruguay Institution

Building,

Public Sector

Management,

Awareness

Raising

Preparatory Assistance

project to establish an

oversight anti-corruption

body

Feb.

2000

Martian@un

dp.org

FR of

Yugoslavia

Institution

Building,

Legislation,

Law

enforcement,

Awareness

Raising

Workshop,

Training

Creation of a Supreme

audit institution and of an

Independent National

Audit Office in Serbia

23-24

Feb

2001

Thomas.Kers

[email protected]

rg

European

Movement in

Serbia,

Inter-Agency

Procurement

Services

Office

Georgia Institution

Building,

Legislation,

Awareness

Raising


Program

Government,

Open

Society’s

Georgian

Foundation

60

Current Activities


Ukraine

Institution

Building,

Law

enforcement,

Awareness

Raising

Development Program of a

democratic system of

accountability

Sergei.Sirotki

[email protected]

Accounting

Chamber,

The National

Ombudsman

Romania Institution

Building, Law

Enforcement,

Legislation

Training key personnel,

New legislation,

International Cooperation,

Establishment of a


Commission

Matteo.Bonfa

[email protected]

UNCICP, US

Dept of

Justice,

France,

Greece

Jordan Law

Enforcement

Supporting the Anti-

Corruption Unit

Firas.ghanaib

[email protected]

Government

Future Plans


Burundi Governance Action Plans

Ethiopia Awareness

Raising.

Seminars, Workshops

Nigeria

Institution

Building

Prevention

Interactive Training

seminar for ICPC

members

March

2002

Georges.Nzo

ngola@undp.

org

TI

Republic

of Congo

Law

Enforcement,

Judiciary,

Awareness

Raising,

Prevention.

Integrated in the Justice

and Human Rights Project

Axel.Piers@

undp.org

Ministry of

Justice, of

Interior,

Ombudsman

Office, civil

society, TI,

UNHCHR.

61

China

Institution

Building,

Public sector

management,

Legislation,

Training and Exchange

Centre for Construction a

Clean Government and

Anti-Corruption Project.

Early

2002

Bob.Boase@

undp.org

Ministry of

supervision,

China

International

Centre for

Economic

and

Technical

Exchanges

Support the establishment

of the Course des Comptes

Regionales

2002-

2006

Myrieme.Zni

[email protected]

g

Government

Morocco

Institution

Building,

Law

Enforcement,

Awareness

Raising,

Prevention

Strengthen the National

Observatory on corruption

2002 TI, 50 other

NGO’s

62

Future Plans


St Vincent

&

Grena-

dines

Institution

Building,

Legislation,

Law

Enforcement

Assistance to fulfil the

requirements of the OAS

Convention Against

Corruption

Support the Constitutional

Reform

Budget

• 1999 budget: $1,027 M

• Donors :country members

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter New York

(USA)

Field Headquarters

Contacts


Headquarter

Pauline Tamesis

Policy Specialist

(Anti-Corruption,

Accountability and

Transparency)

Institutional Development Group,

Bureau for Development Policy

UNDP

304 East45th Street, Room FF 1262,

New York 10017, USA

Tel: +1 212 906 5349

Fax: +1 212 906 6471


187 Field Offices

Field Headquarters

63

c. Department of Economic and Social Affairs

(DESA)


DESA’s corruption prevention activities and other capacity-building activities are mandated by General

Assembly Resolution 50/225:

Public Administration and Development, which underlines the importance of transparent and accountable

governance and administration in all public and private national and international institutions.

Meetings of the Group of Experts on the United Nations Programme on Public Administration and Finance have

made specific recommendations to continue activities to promote professionalism, ethics, accountability and

transparency in the public sector.

DESA’s Division for Public Economics and Public Administration (DPEPA) has responded to these challenges

through strengthening public sector institutions.

The idea is to remove those opportunities, set up a system to detect corrupt public officials and preserve honest

ones, and enlist private sector and civil society organisations in a vigilant watch against corruption.



Thailand Law Enforcement Strengthening local

governments and

communities

01/11/

95-

30/06/

97

$150,000

Current Activities


Public Sector

Management

Mayor’s Forum 1 Apr

2000-

$360,000

Capacity Building Policy development $350,000

Asia and

the Pacific

Law Enforcement Support to Global &

Regional Activities

1 Jan

2000-

$223,750

Inter-

regional

(Africa)

Institution

Building,

Public sector

Management

Promoting gender

equality

1 Jul

2000-

$1,241,00

0

64

Legislation, Global Forum 1 Jan

2000-

$25,000

Latin

America

and the

Caribbean

Public sector

Management

1 Mar

2000-

$307,565

Botswana Institution

Building

Capacity building for

the Office of the Clerk

of National Assembly

1 Dec

1998-

$74,212

China Public Sector

Management

Global Forum 1 Jan

1996

$137,592

Indian Public Sector

Management

Management

Development of

Senior Administrator

31 May

1993

$1,129,43

4

Brazil Legislation Development policies 1 Jan

1997-

$94,880

65

Current Activities


Zambia Public sector

Management

Public Service

Management

1 Dec

1998-

$157,226

Swaziland Law Enforcement Strengthening good

governance

10 Mar

1997-

$70,000

Togo Law Enforcement Assist the governance

mission

1 Feb

1997-

$35,000

Papua

New

Guinea

Financial Sector Technical assistance in

financial management

1 Dec

1998-

$65,348

Haiti Law Enforcement Strengthening the

Public function

9 Nov

1995-

$56,871

Uganda Legislation Governance PSD

formulation

$197,999

Private Sector

Management

Economic

Management and

development

1 Aug

1999-

$151,000 Tanzania

Private Sector

Management

Strengthening

Management in Public

Sector

1 Dec

1998-

$4,947

Prevention Africa governance

inventory

1 Jan

1999-

$500,000 Sub-

Saharan

Africa Law Enforcement RBA governance

support facility

1 Dec

1998-

$24,522

Sudan Public sector

Management

Civil Service Reform $146,000

Law Enforcement Support to the general

elections

1 Jul

1999-

$34,000

Mozam-

bique Law Enforcement Assistance to local

elections

1 Jan

1997-

$68,299

Namibia Law Enforcement Support to good 1 Nov $95,559

66

governance 1998-

Pakistan Awareness

Raising, Law

Enforcement

Support the

government

information house

1 Aug

1998-

$141,500

Poland Law Enforcement Increase the role of

local governance

1 Jan

2000-

$78,999

Benin Public Sector

Management

Strengthening the

management

capacities

1 Dec

1997-

$111,375

Romania Prevention National preventive

action system

1 Feb

2000-

$21,400

Law enforcement Support to National

Governance Plan

1 Jul

1999

$425,356 Burkina

Faso

Law Enforcement Assistance on

strengthening

governance

1 Mar

1998

$67,155

67

Current Activities


Burundi Awareness

Raising, Law

enforcement

Support to good

governance promotion

1 Mar

1999

$1,608,45

1

Cameroon Law enforcement Support to National

Governance Plan

1 Nov

1997

$110,725

Cape

Verde

Public Sector

Management

Support the

administrative reform

16 Nov

1995

$32,956

Chad Awareness

Raising,

Prevention

Surveys on

Governance

$50,000

Ethiopia Civil Service Civil Service Reform 1 Aug

1999

$40,440

Public Administration

Network (UNPAN)

1 Jun

1999

$1,525,00

0

Global

Public Sector

Management

Metropolitan

Management in

Havana City

1 Oct

1997

$18,183

Sub-

Saharan

Africa

Institution

Building

Capacity Building in

Conflict management

1 Dec

1999-

$367,000

Ivory Cost Law Enforcement,

Financial Sector

Support the Financial

sector reform

1 Aug

1998-

$201,299

Ethiopia Public Sector

Management

Technical Support 1 Mar

2000-

$35,000

Jordan Law Enforcement Strengthening the

Income Tax

Department

1 Dec

1998

$352,848

Libya Legislation Development Plan

Formulation

15 Jul

1997

$937,683

Maurita- Public Sector Governance $288,000

68

nia Management Decentralisation,

Reform

Public Sector

Management

Support to SIFAP 1 Apr

1999

$127,629 Mozam-

bique

Judiciary Support to the justice

sector

1 Mar

1999

$508,141

Namibia Law Enforcement Support to good

governance

1 Nov

1998

$93,875

Romania Institution

Building, Law

Enforcement

Capacity Building for

conflict analysis

1 Jan

2000

$128,050

Senegal

Public Sector

Management

Support

decentralisation

$161,849

Sierra

Leone

Law Enforcement Development of

programme for

capacity

1 Jan

2000

$200,000

69

Current Activities


Law Enforcement Development

management and

support for policy

1 Jan

2000

$34,000

South

Africa

Law Enforcement Capacity Building for

local governance

1 May

1999

$3,500,000

Guinea-

Bissau

Law Enforcement Assist the national

governance program

1 Dec

1998

$300,000

Haiti Public Sector

Management

Governance and

Decentralisation

$170,544

Coordination Operational Support $1,585,00

0

Institution

Building

Regional programme

framework for Europe

and CIS

1 Jan

1999

$462,850

Inter-

regional

Institution

Building, Law

Enforcement

Human resources

development

1 Jan

1999

$318,000

Kenya Capacity Building Nairobi City Council 1 Jun

1998

$304,499

Latin

America

and the

Carib-

bean

Legislation Capacity Building and

institutional strengthen

$632,000

Liberia Law Enforcement Promotion of good

governance

1 Jan

1998

$1,454,500

Netherland

Antilles Financial Sector Modernisation 20 Sep

1994

$33,615

Future Plans


71

Budget

Donors :

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter New York

(USA)

Field Headquarters

Contacts


Headquarter

Elia YI Armstrong

Public sector ethics,

Corruption and

development

United Nations

Department of Publics Economics and Social

Affairs

1, UN Plaza

New York, NY 10017, YSA

Phone: (212) 963-29-26

Fax: (212) 963-29-16


Field Headquarters

72

d. Centre for International Crime Prevention (CICP)

Anti-corruption Strategy The Global Program Against Corruption (GPAC) helps countries help themselves to deter and control corruption,

with the following programmatic objectives:

-Promoting integrity, efficiency, effectiveness of the criminal justice system, operations and

-Procedures focussing on the judiciary;

-Facilitating an evidence-based, transparent, inclusive, non-partisan, comprehensive and impact-oriented approach

and a multi-disciplinary perspective to corruption reform;

-Building and implementing national integrity strategies and broad-based anti-corruption action plans;

-Comprehensive assessment of corruption and counter measures (types, level, costs, risks, impact, remedies),

focusing on the criminal justice system and examining other sectors; and

-Enhancing the capacity and upgrading the performance of criminal justice systems and personnel, across agencies.

Activities in the past Place Sectors Components Date Budget Coordinators Partners

Colombia

- Legislation

- Social Controls

- Assessment

- CICP Assessment in

three pilot

governments

- Local Governments

and Judicial pilots

workshop to

validate CICP

Assessment

- Implementation of

reform program

2000 $580.000

(Fully

funded)

Buscaglia

Edgardo.Busca

[email protected]

.at

UNDP,

USAID, World

Bank, OAS,

TI, Chamber

of Commerce

Hungary

-Prevention

-Legislation

-Institution

building

- Assessment

- Awareness raising

- New Legislation

1999 $50,000

(Fully

funded)

Langseth

Petter.Langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

USAID, US

Office of

Ethics, US

Ministry of

Justice, TI,

Gallup

Hungary

Lebanon

- Prevention,

- Awareness

-Approval of corruption

report

1999 $151,300

(Fully

Langseth

USAID,

UNICR, TI,

73

Raising

- Assessment

-define new phase of the

project

funded) Petter.Langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

Univ. of Beirut

South

Africa

Judiciary,

Criminal justice,

Law

Enforcement

-Comprehensive assessment

-Round Table on “Who is

guarding the Guards?”

1999 $275,000

(Fully

funded)

Petter.Langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

"Ugi Zvekic"

<uzvekic@odc

cp.org.za>

Institute of

Security

Studies, TI

Romania I Legislation,

Institution

Building

-6 seminars for staff from the

criminal justice system

- Awareness raising

- New Legislation

1999 $280.000 Langseth

Petter.Langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

UNDP,EC,US

AID, World

Bank, TI, Pro

Democracy

Benin Institution

Building

-Appointment of National

Integrity Commission,

-National Integrity meeting

2000 $44,000

(Fully

funded)

Edgardo.Buscagl

[email protected]

UNDP, World

Bank, France,

TI

Nigeria

- Judicial

Integrity

Law Enforce-

ment

-Assessment in 3 pilot states

(9 courts)

-Action Planning meetings in

3 pilot states,

-Chief Justice leadership

group meeting June 13-14

2000-

$290,000

Langseth /

Abba

Mohamed

petter.langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

DFID, TI,

NIALS

74

Current activities

Place Sectors Components Starting

Date

Budget Coordinators Partners

Lebanon

Prevention,

Awareness

Raising

-Approval of corruption

report,

-define new phase of the

project

1999 $151,300 Langseth

Petter.Langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

USAID,

UNICR, TI,

Univ. of Beirut

Hungary

Prevention,

Cooperation

-National Integrity meeting,

-Best practise sharing with

EU

1999 $50,000 Langseth

Petter.Langseth

@cicp.un.or.at

USAID, US

Office of

Ethics, US

Ministry of

Justice, TI,

Gallup

Hungary

Romania II -Legislation,

Institution

Building

-Judicial

integrity

-Approval of new Project,

-Identify funding for phase II

2002 Unfun-

ded

Stolpe

Oliver.Stolpe@

cicp.un.or.at

UNDP , EC,

USAID, World

Bank, TI, Pro

Democracy

Colombia

- Legislation

- Social

Control

-Municipal pilot

Workshop to process

assessment,

-Implementation of reform

program

2001 $580.000 Buscaglia

Edgardo.Busca

[email protected]

.at

UNDP,

USAQID,

World Bank,

OAS, TI,

Chamber of

Commerce

South

Africa

Judiciary,

Criminal

justice,

Law Enforce-

ment

-Comprehensive assessment,

-Workshop for prosecutors

and investigators,

-Manual for prosecutors and

investigators,

-Establish impact indicators

for the Batho Pele

programme

2001 $290,000 Zwekic

Ugi Zvekic"

<uzvekic@odcc

p.org.za>

Institute of

Security

Studies, TI

75

Iran

Judiciary

Appraisal Mission (Mar)

- Role of

prosecutors/judges

- Self Assessment Seminar

- Code of Conduct

2002

$ 300,000

Van Dijk

Buscaglia

Langseth

UNDCP

Indonesia

Judiciary


2002

Unfunded

Van Dijk

Langseth

UNDCP

Afghanistan Judiciary

Legal

Sector


2002

Langseth

Stolpe

Buscaglia

UNDCP

Guatemala

Central

America

Organized

Crime

Drugs

Appraisal Mission (Feb)

Institution Building of

Prosecutors and Investiators

2002

Funded by

US

Buscaglia

Gonzalez-Ruiz

UNDCP

US State Dept

76

Current Activities


Date


Judicial

Integrity

Promotion

Project

-Building Judicial integrity in

Uganda,

-3rd chief justice leadership group

meeting in Nigeria (June 12-13),

-Building judicial integrity in Sri

Lanka,

-Building Judicial integrity in

South Africa

2000

US$

100,000

Langseth /

Stolpe

Petter.Langseth@

cicp.un.or.at

Oliver.Stolpe@cic

p.un.or.at

DFID,

Common-

wealth

Secretariat

, TI

Technical

Material,

Publication

series

-Dissemination meeting in Riyadh

(May 25-29)

-Policy manual: Prosecutors and

Investigators (South Africa),

-Toll kit, regional dissemination

2002 Al-Mulla

Global

Trends

- Data ready for analysis

- Analytical Framework complete

- Benchmarking analysis

- Policy Analysis and Recomd.

- Final Draft of Global Trends

- Publication in Forum

Feb 02

Feb 02

May 02

Oct 02

Nov 02

Dec 03

Buscaglia

Van Dijk

Global

Programm

es

Organised

Workshops

-Romania,

-Ukraine,

-Macedonia,

-Mauritius,

-Bosnia-Herzegovina,

-Guinea-Bissau

2002-

Edgardo.Buscagli

[email protected].

or.at

77

Crime And

Corruption

Workshop

- South Africa,

-Nigeria

2002

Langseth

Bucaglia

Zweckic

Global

Tool Kit

Dissemination

- Africa

- Arab World

- Latin America

2002

2002

2003

Langseth

Al-Mulla

Buscaglia

Global

Judicial

Integrity

Judicial Integrity

- Common Law

- Civil Law

2001

Langseth

Stolpe

Buscaglia

Global

Co-ordination

and Out reach

Co-ordination meetings:

1st meeting Feb 4-5/02,

2nd meeting July 2002,

3rd meeting Oct 2002,

-Reform initiatives, Consultation

2002

2002

2002

Langseth/

Goddard

Langseth/L4

Langseth/L4

Langseth/L4

78

Current Activities


Date


Publications -UN Manual on Anti-Corruption

Policy

-Anti-Corruption Tool Kit

-Forum on Crime and Society,

Gen

-Forum on Corruption

-Forum on Global Trends

Global

Programmes

Internet Web Page:

http://odccp.org/corruption

Suzanne Kunnen

Nigeria

Judiciary, Law

Enforce-ment

-Assessment in 3 pilot states,

-Action planning meetings in 3

pilot states,

-Federal Integrity Meeting

- Judicial Capacity building

2002

$ 300.000

Langseth / Stolpe/

Buscaglia

Edgardo.Buscaglia

@cicp.un.or.at

Petter.Langseth@ci

cp.un.or.at

Oliver.Stolpe@cic

p.un.or.at

DFID, TI

Future Plans


Date


Global

Awareness

raising

Capacity

building

UN Manual for AC

Policy

Ram

Langseth

US MOJ, US State

Dept. France,

OECD, EC

79

Global

Awareness

raising

Capacity

Building

Anti Corruption Tool

Kit Dissemination

- Regional

- National

- Sub National level

2001

Langseth

US MOJ, France,

NORAD, OECD,

EC, OAS, Interpol,

Metropolitan Police

London, New York

Police, TI, Chamber

of Commerce

Bogota

Global Global Trends

in Crime and

Corruption

Causes of Corruption

Evidence based best

Practice for curbing

corruption

2002

Bucaglia UNICRI, TI, Gallup

International

Indonesia Judiciary - Judicial integrity

&capacity building

2002 Jan van Dijk

Langseth

Bucaglia

Dutch

UNDP

Iran Judiciary - Judicial integrity and

capacity building

2002 Jan van Dijk

Buscaglia

Langseth

Dutch

UNDPC

Guatemala Law

enforcement

2002 Gonzales-Ruiz

Bucaglia

UNDCP

US

Afghanistan Drugs and

Crime

Capacity

building

Drugs and Crime 2002 Buscaglia

Stolpe

UNDCP

80

Budget

• 2002 Budget: $1,720,633

• Donors: USA, France, Netherlands, and Norway.

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter Vienna (Austria) 7 in the Headquarter

Field Headquarters Nigeria, Colombia,

Lebanon

4 in the Field

Contacts


Headquarter

Petter Langseth

Programme Manager


Centre for International Crime Prevention

Vienna International Centre

P.O. Box 500, Room E1272

A-1400 Vienna - Austria

Fax:+43(1) 26060-5898

Phone:+43(1) 26060-4406

Web: www.odccp.org/corruption/html

Field Headquarters

81

e. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

(OECD)


The OECD Anti-Corruption Division's work programme falls into four main areas:

Ensuring effective implementation of the OECD Convention

Examining specific issues relating to bribery and corruption in international business transactions

Associating non-members with the OECD work on corruption

Building partnerships and facilitating co-ordination and policy dialogue

Promoting the efficient functioning of markets and enterprises in a globalising economy is the prime objective of

the Directorate for Financial, Fiscal and Enterprise Affairs (DAF).

The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) is the principal body through which the OECD deals with

issues related to co-operation with developing countries.

The Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members (CCNM) fosters and manages the OECD's dialogue with

transition and emerging market economies and some developing countries, sharing institutional and policy

options and promoting participation in OECD Committees and adherence to OECD standards and instruments.

The Corporate Affairs Division works on company law reform, corporate governance, insolvency, financial

disclosure and accounting reform, and privatisation and governance of state-owned assets.

As an integral part of its mission, the OECD assists governments in building and strengthening effective,

efficient and transparent government structures through its Public Management Programme (PUMA).

SIGMA, a joint initiative of the OECD and the European Union, supports good governance in thirteen countries

in Central and Eastern Europe. The initiative advises countries on improving administrative efficiency and

promoting adherence of public sector staff to democratic values, ethics and respect for the rule of law. SIGMA

also helps to build up indigenous capacities at the central government level to face the challenges of

internationalisation and of EU integration



Paris Law

Enforcement

OECD Convention on

Combating Bribery of

Foreign Public Officials in

International Business

Transactions

21/11/

97

29

signatories

+

Argentina,

Brazil,

Bulgaria,

82

Chile,

Slovak

Republic

Legislation Workshop on combating

corruption in Transition

Economies (Central and

Eastern Europe and the NIS)

1998 USAID

Legislation Conference on National and

International Approaches to

improve Integrity and

Transparency in Government

(Euro-Atlantic and Euro-

Asia)

1998 OSCE

Legislation,

Law

Enforcement

Workshop on Combating

Bribery in International

Business Transactions in

Latin American

1998

OAS

83


Place Sectors Components Date Budget Coordinator Partners Washington Symposium on Fighting

Corruption in Developing

Countries and Emerging

Economies :The role of the

Private Sector

Feb

1999

Law

Enforcement

Conference on combating

corruption in Asian and

Pacific Economies

11-13

Dec

2000

TI, Pacific

Basin

Economic

Council,

ADB

Seoul

Law

Enforcement

Anti-Corruption Symposium 30-31

Dec

2001

ADB

Manila

Law

Enforcement

ADB/OECD Workshop on

combating corruption in

Asian and Pacific Economies

29-1

Oct

1999

ADB

Tokyo

Law

Enforcement

Third Annual Conference of

the ADB/OECD Anti-

Corruption Initiative for Asia-

Pacific

28-30

Nov

2001

ADB

Current Activities


Argentina Financial Sector CCNM

Armenia Financial/ Private sectors

Management, Legislation

CCNM

Azerbaija

n

Financial/Private Sector

Management

CCNM

Albania Financial/Private/Public

sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM,

SIGMA,

PUMA

1996- Bob Bonwitt

COE, EU

84

Belarus Financial/Private Sectors


CCNM

Bosnia

Herzegovin

a

Financial/Public Sectors


CCNM,

SIGMA,

PUMA

Bob Bonwitt

EU

Brazil Financial Sector CCNM 1993-

Bulgaria Financial/Private/

Public Sectors management

CCNM,

SIGMA

1995- EU

Chile Financial Sector CCNM 1989-

China Financial/Private Sector

Management

CCNM 1996-

Colombia Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1996-

Croatia Financial/ Private/Public

Sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM,

SIGMA,

PUMA

Bob Bonwitt

EU

85

Current Activities


Egypt

Financial Sector CCNM 1996-

Estonia Financial Sector,

Private/Public Sector

Management

CCNM,

SIGMA

1998-

FYR of

Macedonia

Financial Sector, Private

Sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM,

SIGMA,

PUMA

Bob Bonwitt

EU

Georgia Financial Sector, Private

Sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM

Hong-

Kong

Financial Sector CCNM, FATF

India Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1995-

Israel

Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1996-

Kazakhsta

n

Private Sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM

Kosovo Public Procurement SIGMA Nicolas Dubois EU

Kyrgyz

Republic


Legislation

CCNM

Latvia Financial Sector,

Private/Public sector


CCNM,

SIGMA

03/98- EU

Lithuania Financial Sector, Private

Sector Management

CCNM,

SIGMA

03/98- EU

Malaysia

Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1989-

Moldova Financial Sector, Private CCNM, PUMA Bob Bonwitt

86

Sector Management,

Legislation

Mongolia Financial Sector,

Private sector Management

CCNM

Morocco Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1996

Peru Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1996-

Romania Financial Sector, Private

Sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM,

SIGMA,

PUMA

Bob Bonwitt

EU

Russia All Sectors CCNM 8/06/94

Singapore Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1989-

Slovak

Republic

Legislation, Public Sector

Management, Law

Enforcement

CCNM,

SIGMA

1991 EU

87

Current Activities


Slovenia Private/Financial Sector

Management, Law

Enforcement

CCNM

South

Africa

Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1996-

Tajikistan Private Sector Management,

Legislation

CCNM

Thailand Multi-country programmes CCNM 1989-

Turkmeni-

stan


Legislation

CCNM

Ukraine Legislation CCNM, 1997

Uzbekistan Law Enforcement,

Legislation

CCNM, 1997

Venezuela Financial Sector

Management

CCNM 1996

Vietnam Law Enforcement, Financial

Sector

CCNM 1997

Estonia,

Latvia,

Lithuania

Law Enforcement, Judicial

Reform

Baltic Anti-

Corruption

Initiative

03/00-

12/02

USAID,

Norway

Future Plans


88

Budget

Donors :

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter

Paris (France)

Field Headquarters

Contacts


Headquarter

Bob Bonwitt

Head of Programme PUMA

Nicola BONUCCI

Directorate for Legal Affairs

Enery QUINONES

Head Anti-corruption Division,

Directorate for Financial, Fiscal

and Enterprise Affairs

OECD Headquarters


75775 PARIS Cedex 16

Tel.: 33 (0) 1 45 24 81 81

Fax: 33 (0) 1 45 24 19 50


Internet: www.oecd.org

GERMANY

OECD BERLIN Centre

Albrechtstrasse 9/10

D-10117 BERLIN

Tel.: (49-30) 2888353

Fax: (49-30) 28883545

Web: www.oecd.org/deutschland

Field Headquarters

JAPAN

OECD TOKYO Centre

Landic Akasaka Bldg

2-3-4 Akasaka, Minato-Ku

TOKYO 107

Tel.: (81-3) 3586 2016

Fax: (81-3) 3584 7929

Internet: www.oecdtokyo.org

89

MEXICO

OECD MEXICO Centre

Av. Presidente Mazaryk 526

Colonia: Polanco C.P. 11560

Mexico, D.F

Tel.: (00.52.5) 281 3810

Fax: (00.52.5) 280 0480

Internet: www.rtn.net.mx/ocde

UNITED STATES

OECD WASHINGTON Center

2001 L Street N.W. Suite 650

WASHINGTON D.C. 20036-4922

Tel.: (1-202) 785 6323

Fax: (1-202) 785 0350

Internet: www.oecdwash.org

90

f. The Council of Europe


Multidisciplinary approaches through:

Standards setting activities, Technical Cooperation (GMC: conventions, recommendations, resolutions)

Technical cooperation (programme activities – Octopus and PACO –, conference of specialised services in the

fight against corruption)

Monitoring (GRECO for corruption, PC-R-EV for money laundering)

Basic action Plan is the Programme of action against corruption of 1996



Strasbourg Law

Enforce-

ment

Anti Corruption Conference

24-25

Apr

1996

CoE

Strasbourg Monitoring GRECO:

mutual evaluation of anti-

corruption measures (33

countries in January 2002).

First round 2000-2002

devoted to examining

1) the institutional capacity of

members to prevent, detect,

investigate, prosecute and

adjudicate corruption-related

offences;

2) possible obstacles due to

the systems of immunities

1,18 M

€

CoE

Tallinn Public

Procurement

Anti Corruption Conference

27-29

Oct

1997

CoE

Madrid Trading/

Illegal

financing of

Anti Corruption Conference 28-30

Oct

1998

CoE

91

Political

parties

Limassol

(Cyprus)

International

Cooperation

Anti Corruption Conference 20-22

Oct

1999

CoE

Istanbul

Judiciary Anti Corruption Conference 15-18

Nov

2000

CoE

Portoroz

Prevention Anti Corruption Conference 26-28

Sept

2001

CoE

France,

Ireland,

Spain,

Sweden

Law

enforcement

Set of study visits 1V for

specialised police officers,

prosecutors, judges,

legislation/policy-makers

juvenile delinquency and

prevention of organised crime

May-

June

1999

CoE Government

al author-

ties of the

host country

92



Strasbourg

Standard

setting

Legislation,

Judiciary,

Law

Enforcemen

t,

Drafting of:

-Programme of action against

corruption (adopted 1996)

-Resolution on 20 Guiding

Principles for the fight against

Corruption (1997)

-Resolution authorising the

setting-up of the Group of

States against corruption –

GRECO (1998)

-Criminal law Convention on

Corruption (1999)

-Civil Law Convention on

Corruption (1999)

-Recommendation on Codes

of conduct for public officials

and, appended, Model Code

of Conduct for public

officials (2000)

-Recommendation on

Common Rules against

corruption in the financing of

political parties (finalised

2001 for discussion/adoption

2002)

-Protocol to the Criminal Law

Convention on Corruption, on

corruption of arbitrators and

jurors (finalised 2001 for

discussion / adoption 2002)

1994

–

2001

e.g. in

2001:

245.000

€

CoE European

Committee

for Judicial

Cooperation

(CoE-

CDCJ)

-European

Committee

on Crime

Problems

(CoE-

CDPC)

-Council of

the EU.

10 Observer

countries,

7 Agencies

93

Italy,

France,

Austria,

Denmark

Law

enforcement

Set of study visits 2Va for

prosecutors

Investigative means used to

fight corruption and

organised crime

June-

July

1999

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Strasbourg Law

enforcement

Multilateral seminar 2S for

practitioners

Enhancement of investigative

means against corruption and

organised crime

21-23

April

1999

CoE

Belgium,

France,

Germany,

Netherland

s

Law

Enforcemen

t

Set of study visits 2Vb for

police officers

investigative means and

specialised units used to fight

corruption

Sept-

Oct

1999

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

94



Albania,

Bulgaria,

Croatia,

Czech

Republic,

Estonia,

Hungary,

Latvia,

Lithuania,

Moldova,

Poland,

Romania,

Russian

Federation,

Slovakia,

Slovenia,

“the FYR

of

Macedonia

”, Ukraine

Law Enforcement,

Prevention,

Cooperation

Awareness

Raising,

Legislation,

Institutions

Building,

Prevention

Standards Improvement

OCTOPUS I/ PACO

Programme against

Corruption and Organised

Crime in countries in

transition Seminars and study

visits for practitioners,

training, networking

Jun

96-

1998

And

1999-

2000

2,4 M

Euros

Ludovic

Aigrot

Crime

problems

Division CoE

European

Commission

for the

entire

Programme

France,

Germany,

Italy,

Netherland

s

Law

Enforcemen

t

Set of study visits 2Vc for

police officers investigative

means and specialised units

used to fight organised crime

Oct-

Nov

1999

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Tallinn

(Estonia)

Law

Enforcemen

t


practitioners

Seminar on the enhancement

of interagency cooperation

and the setting up of

14-16

June

1999

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

95

specialised units

France,

Sweden,

Belgium,

Germany

Law

Enforcemen

t

Set of Study visits 3V for

judges, prosecutors, police

officers and legislation/policy-

makers Methods of

conducting corruption,

organised crime, drug and tax

evasion cases, inter-agency

co-operation and functioning

of specialised units

Jan

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Bratislava

(Slovakia)

Law

Enforcemen

t


practitioners

cooperation with criminal

justice agencies and protection

of vulnerable targets including

witnesses

28

Sept. -

1 Oct

1999

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

96



Germany,

Ireland,

Italy,

Austria

Law

Enforcemen

t

Set of study visits 4V for

judges, prosecutors, police

officers and legislation/policy-

makers ways for encouraging

informants to cooperate with

criminal justice and develop

means of ensuring protection

of witnesses and victims

Feb-

Mar

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Sinaïa

(Romania)

Law

Enforcemen

t


practitioners Corporate

criminal liability

1-3

Mar

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Borovetz

(Bulgaria)

Law

Enforcemen

t


practitioners

Criminalisation of corruption

and organised crime

1-3

Dec

1999

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Budapest

Law

Enforcemen

t


practitioners

Enhancement of bilateral and

multilateral co-operation in

the fight against corruption

and organised crime

29-31

May

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Bled

(Slovenia)

Law

Enforcemen

t


practitioners

Seminar on the investigation,

prosecution and sanction of

economic crimes

10-12

May

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

97

United

Kingdom,

France,

Sweden,

Denmark,

Spain

Law

Enforcemen

t

Set of study visits 8Va for

police officers, prosecutors,

judges and legislation/policy-

makers examine how

economic crimes (credit

cards, electronic payments)

are dealt with in the hosting

countries

Sept

2000

CoE

Belgium,

Finland,

France,

Ireland

Law

Enforcemen

t

Set of study visits 8Vb for

officials from Ministries of

Finance and National Banks

to examine the

implementation of financial

law to combat corruption and

organised crime in the hosting

countries

Oct

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

98



Dubrovnik

(Croatia)


practitioners

Seminar on the enhancement

of international sharing of

information

19-21

June

2000

CoE Government

al

authorities

of the host

country

Armenia Legislation Legal assistance in the

development of legal

instruments against

corruption, organised crime

and money laundering

CoE

Azerbaijan Law

Enforcemen

t

Follow-up assistance in the

fight against organised crime,

corruption and money

laundering

May

2001

CoE

Georgia Legislation Codes of conducts for public

officials

CoE

Russia Legislation Expert assistance in the

drafting and implementation

of legal texts relating to the

fight against corruption

(preparation for the

ratification of the Criminal

law convention on

corruption)

CoE

Russia Legislation Expert assistance in the

drafting of the law related to

the protection of witnesses

CoE

Russia /

North

Caucasus

Law

Enforcemen

t Awareness

Seminar on the fight against

corruption as a condition to

the observance of the Rule of

CoE

99

Raising Law

Russia /

Siberia

Awareness

Raising,

Law

Enforcemen

t

Seminar on organised crime

and corruption in the Siberian

region

CoE

Bratislava

(Slovakia)

Law

Enforcemen

t

Multilateral seminar for

practitioners

Strengthening of training

capacities for the prevention

of corruption (10 EU

candidate countries)

CoE

100



Bosnia and

Herzegovina

Law

Enforcemen

t

Planning workshop on



16-17

Dec.

1999

CoE Stability

Pact

partners

(OECD,

USA etc),

Kosovo Awareness

Raising

Planning and assessment

mission on corruption,

organised crime and money

laundering

1-4

Feb

2000

CoE Stability

Pact

partners

(OECD,

USA etc),

Albania Legislation Review mission on



21-23

Mar

2000

CoE Stability

Pact

partners

(OECD,

USA etc)

Albania Law

Enforcemen

t, Institution

Building

Technical assistance mission

(setting up of Albanian anti-

corruption monitoring group

etc.).

5-15

Sept.

2000

CoE

Bulgaria Legislation Regional seminar on the

effectiveness of anti-

corruption legislation

19-21

Oct

2000

CoE

Bulgaria Judiciary Regional Meeting of

Prosecutor Generals on

transnational organised crime:

creation of a judicial network,

adoption of a Declaration

26-27

Oct

2000

CoE

Albania Law

Enforcemen

t,

PACO Albania −

Strengthening of the Albanian

Anti-corruption Monitoring

Dec.

2000

– Dec

CoE Sweden

101

Legislation Group attached to the Prime

Minister’s office.

2001

Regional

project

(South-

eastern

Europe)

Law

Enforcemen

t,

Legislation

PACO Proceeds −

Confiscation of proceeds

from crime: Training

programmes for judges,

prosecutors, police and other

law enforcement officers

elaborated. 2 regional

workshops and 2 study visits

June

2001-

Dec

2001

CoE

102



Regional

project

(South-

eastern

Europe)

Law

Enforcemen

t,

Legislation

PACO Network

Meeting of prosecutors

general of central and eastern

Europe held in Sofia in

October 2000. In May 2001,

the Council of Europe in

cooperation with the

Romanian authorities held the

2nd Pan-European Conference

of Prosecutors General of

Europe in Bucharest with

regional seminar held in

Bulgaria from 25 to 27 June

2001

June-

Dec

2001

CoE Romanian

authorities

Kosovo Legislation Support to the reform of

the criminal legislation: 4

missions to Kosovo

Feb-

Dec.

2001

CoE UNMIK

Current Activities


Albania,

Bosnia-

Herzegovina

, Bulgaria,

Croatia,

Macedonia,

Republic of

Montenegro,

Romania,

Legislation,

Law

Enforcement

PACO

Criminal Law Convention,

27 Jan

1999-

Manuel

Lezuerta

Head of Crime

Problem

Division

103

Armenia,

Azerbaijan,

Georgia,

Russia

Legislation,

Criminal

Law, Law

Enforcement

OCTOPUS II Technical

Cooperation

2001- EU

Kosovo Legislation &

Judiciary

reforms

Ulrich Boher

Armenia Legal reform Follow-up assistance on the


instruments against

corruption and organised

crime

2002 CoE

104

Current Activities


Armenia Training,

Prevention

Training seminars on issues

related to the prevention of

corruption, for judges,

prosecutors and

investigators (training

trainers)

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Armenia Practices Assistance on the

implementation of new

legal norm and criminal

policies in the fields of

corruption

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Azerbaijan Legal reform Follow-up assistance on the


instruments to fight against


crime

2002 CoE

Azerbaijan Training,

Prevention

Training seminars on issues

related to the prevention of

corruption, for judges,

prosecutors and

investigators (training the

trainers)

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Azerbaijan Practices Assistance on the

implementation of new

legal norm and criminal

policies in the fields of

corruption.

2002 CoE European

Commission

(to be

confirmed)

105

Georgia Legal reform,

advice

Assistance to develop the

national instruments for

combating economic crimes

according to European

standards and to accede to

international instruments

and mechanisms.

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Georgia Training,

Prevention

Seminar (training the

trainers) on the issue of

prevention of corruption

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Hungary Training,

practices

Training seminars for

bankers on the reporting of

suspicious transactions

2002 CoE Rick

Seaman (to

be

confirmed)

Russia Training,

practices

Seminar on the role of

public prosecution service

in the fight against

organised crime and

corruption

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

106

Current Activities


Russia Training,

awareness

raising,

practices

1 multidisciplinary training

course on the Convention

on Laundering, Search,

Seizure and Confiscation of

Proceeds from Crime

2002 CoE

Russia Training,

awareness

raising,

practices


course on the

Recommendation

Rec.(2000)11 against

trafficking in human beings

2002 CoE

Russia Training,

standard

setting,

institutions

building,

practices

Seminar on witness

protection

2002 CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Russia Training,

practices,

legal reform

2 seminars on transparency

in public administration in

the Republic of Karelia

(Petrozavodsk), St.-

Petersburg

April

2002

CoE

Russia Awareness

raising,

reform of

institutions

Seminar on the prevention

of corruption

Feb

2002

CoE European

Commission

(to be

confirmed)

Russia Awareness

raising,

reform of

institutions


course on the Criminal and

Civil Law Conventions on

Corruption

CoE

107

Russia Awareness

raising,

training,

reform of

institutions

Seminar on crime

prevention and fight against

criminality in the Siberian

Region

CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

Ukraine Legal reform,

standards,

practices

Expert assistance in the

fight against money

laundering (objective: meet

the recommendations of

PC-R-EV report on

Ukraine).

March

2002

CoE

Ukraine Legal reform Round tables, workshops

and written expertise to

support review and drafting

of legislation and

regulations in view of

requirements of European

conventions

CoE EC (to be

confirmed)

108

Current Activities


Ukraine Reform of

institutions

Multi-disciplinary

workshops, expertise, study

visits and pilot training

courses in order to:

analyse training needs,

study best practice and

share experience to

elaborate detailed training

proposals,

carry out pilot training

activities to test proposals,

analyse institutional set up,

study best practice and

elaborate proposals for

institutional reform.

CoE European

Commission

(to be

confirmed)

Future Plans


Armenia,

Azerbaijan,

Hungary,

Georgia,

Russia

Law

Enforcement,

Awareness

Raising,

OCTOPUS II Seminars,

Workshops, Training

courses.

2002 EU

10 countries

of South-

eastern

Europe

Law

Enforcement

PACO Proceeds II

Strengthening of capacities

to investigate, and to

confiscate proceeds of

crime.

Jan-

Dec

2002

410.000

€

CoE

109

10 countries

of South-

eastern

Europe

Judiciary PACO Networking II

Support to judicial

networking against


crime

Jan-

Dec

2002

420.000

€

CoE

10 countries

of South-

eastern

Europe

Project on Special

Investigative Means

(PACO SIMS)

Enhancing the capacity to

investigate and prosecute


crime. Strategy based on 3

outputs

Jan-

Dec

2002

320.000

€

CoE

110

Future Plans


Croatia

Albania

Bosnia-

Herzegovina

Republic of

Montenegro

Macedonia

Romania

Criminal

Law

PACO II

Criminal Law Convention,

2002 Manuel

Lezuerta

Head of Crime

Problem

Division

Budget

• COE 2002 ordinary budget is approximately 169 million Euros

GMC: 245.000 Euro – GRECO: 1.58 M Euro – OCTOPUS: 600.000 Euro (EU contribution) –

SPAI/PACO: 1 M Euro

• Donors : Member States (43)

Note: the Council of Europe is an intergovernmental organisation with a general competence (human rights,

legal affairs, social and economic affairs, political affairs etc.)

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter

Strasbourg

(France)

- 1215 permanent staff and 560

temporary staff

- 17 (Economic crime Division dealing

with corruption, organised crime, money

laundering, cyber-crime etc.)

Kosovo Less 10

(120 staff outside Strasbourg)

Field Headquarters

Chechenya

Less 10

Contacts


111

Headquarter Manuel LEZERTUA

Head of Economic Crime

Division

M. Alexander SEGER

Responsible for OCTOPUS

and PACO Programmes

[email protected]

Department of Crime Problems

Council of Europe

F - 67075 Strasbourg Cedex

FRANCE

Tel: + 33 (0) 3 88 41 20 00

Fax: + 33 (0) 3 88 41 27 81

Internet: www.coe.int

Field Headquarters

112

g. INTERPOL


The main objectives of Interpol are :

1. To ensure that the police forces/services of each Member State of Interpol have high standards of honesty,

integrity and ethical behaviour in connection with the performance of their policing functions.

2. To promote and strengthen the development by each Member State of Interpol of measures needed to

prevent, detect, punish and eradicate corruption in the police forces/services within its national boundaries

and to bring to justice police officers and other employees of police forces/services who are corrupt.

3. To make corruption within police forces/services a high-risk crime.

4. To promote and maintain a high standard of honesty, integrity and ethical behaviour within the police

forces/services of each Member.

5. To foster the recruitment and training as police officers of persons of high levels of integrity, honesty,

ethical standards and expertise.



Seoul

Law

Enforcement

Interpol General

Assembly - 68th Session

8-12

/Nov

1999

Current Activities


Future Plans


Budget

• Overall Budget : $26 M

• Donors : Member States (179)

Staff

Place Number

113

Headquarter Lyon

(France)

Overall: 384

Field Headquarters

Contacts


Headquarter Rainer-Diethardt Buhrer

Assistant Director

Financial and High-Tech

Crime Sub Directorate

Interpol Headquarters

200, quai Charles de Gaulle

69006 Lyon - France

Tel : +33 4 72 44 73 23

Fax : +33 4 72 44 72 21


Field Headquarters

114

h. Transparency International (TI)


Transparency International is a non-governmental organisation dedicated to increasing government

accountability and curbing both international and national corruption.

Our movement has multiple concerns:

• humanitarian, as corruption undermines and distorts development and leads to increasing levels of human

rights abuse;

• democratic, as corruption undermines democracies and in particular the achievements of many developing

countries and countries in transition;

• ethical, as corruption undermines a society's integrity; and

• practical, as corruption distorts the operations of markets and deprives ordinary people of the benefits which

should flow from them.

Combating corruption sustainably is only possible with the involvement of all the stakeholders, which include

the state, civil society and the private sector.



Germany,

Malawi,

Malaysia,

Tanzania,

Uganda,

All sectors Establish close co-

operation with anti-

corruption institutions

Indonesia




Forum for

Corruption-

Free

Indonesia

Tanzania,

Papua New

Guinea

Awareness

Raising

Campaigns for Anti-

Corruption Platforms

Malawi,

Tanzania,

Uganda,

Malaysia,

Awareness

Raising

Integrity Workshops

115

Denmark,

Pakistan

Argentina Financial

Sector

Monitor parties’ funding

Papua New

Guinea,

South

Africa,Tanz

ania, USA,

Indonesia

Law

Enforcement,

Legislation

Development of codes of

ethics

Uganda,

Latin

America

Law

Enforcement

Source book National

Integrity Systems

United

Kingdom

Awareness

Raisin

Case Study Publication

116



Germany,

India

Law

Enforcement,

Legislation,

Prevention

Competition and

exchanging the

experiences

Panama,

Bulgaria

Private Sector

Management

Monitor privatisation

projects

The

Americas

Awareness

Raising

Lobbying governments OECD,

OAS

Australia,

Germany

Legislation Presentations to MP’ s

India Law

Enforcement

Presentation to

government

Switzerland Financial

Sector

Contacts with banks

Current Activities


Germany,

Malawi,

Malaysia,

Tanzania,

Uganda,




Indonesia All sectors Establish close co-



Forum for

Corruption-

Free

Indonesia

Tanzania,

Papua New

Guinea

Awareness

Raising

Campaigns for Anti-

Corruption Platforms

Malawi,

Tanzania,

Awareness

Raising

Integrity Workshops

117

Uganda,

Malaysia,

Denmark,

Pakistan

Argentina Financial

Sector

Monitor parties’ funding

Papua New

Guinea,

South

Africa,

Tanzania,

USA,

Indonesia

Law

Enforcement,

Legislation

Development of codes of

ethics

Uganda,

Latin

America

Law

Enforcement

Source book National

Integrity Systems

118

Current Activities


United

Kingdom

Awareness

Raisin

Case Study Publication

Germany,

India

Law

Enforcement,

Legislation,

Prevention

Competition and

exchanging the

experiences

Panama,

Bulgaria

Private Sector

Management

Monitor privatisation

projects

The

Americas

Awareness

Raising

Lobbying governments OECD,

OAS

Australia,

Germany

Legislation Presentations to MP’s

India Law

Enforcement

Presentation to

government

Switzerland Financial

Sector

Contacts with banks

Future Plans


Budget

• The budget for 2001 was $5.5 Million.

• Donors: the public sector, foundations and the private sector.

Staff

Place Number

Headquarter Berlin (Germany)

46 + volunteer professionals

London (UK) 3 + volunteer professionals

Santiago (Chile) 2 + volunteer professionals

119

Field Headquarters National Chapters in

87 countries

Contacts


Headquarter Peter Eigen

Chairman

Berlin, Germany

Field Headquarters

report of the 1st anti-corruption coordination … · van dijk, petter langseth, edgardo buscaglia,...

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