Report on Latin-American Activities in Nuclear Physics

Alinka Lépine-Szily Instituto de Física-USP São Paulo, Brazil

IUPAP Working Group WG.9 AGM Adelaide Australia, September 11, 2016

ALAFNA http://www.alafna.net/

The “Association of Latin American Nuclear Physics and Applications” (ALANPA) was formed in Santiago, Chile on Dec. 19, 2009, by representatives of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela.

In Spanish is called “Asociación Latino Americana de Física Nuclear y Aplicaciones” ALAFNA

In Portuguese is called “Associação Latino Americana de Física Nuclear e Aplicações” ALAFNA

Chairs of ALAFNA, reelected in 2015 at Medellin: •  Andrés Kreiner (Argentina) •  Alinka Lépine-Szily (Brazil)

Executive Board •  Fernando Cristancho (Universidad Nacional, Bogotá) Colombia •  Raul Donangelo (Universidad de la República, Montevideo), Uruguay •  Paulo Gomes (Universidad Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro), Brasil •  Andrés Kreiner (Tandar, CNEA, Buenos Aires), Argentina •  Alinka Lépine-Szily (Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo), Brasil

ALAFNA homepage is installed: www.alafna.net Next meeting of ALAFNA: together with next XII LASNPA, Nov. 2017 in Havana,Cuba

Nuclear science installations in Latin America

Research reactors: Argentina 6 in operation, 1 in construction CAREM •  RA-0, built 1964, 0.01 kWt, tank type, owned and operated by Universidad Nacional de Cordoba •  RA-1 built 1957, 40 kWt, tank type. •  RA-2, built 1965, 0.03 kWt, critical assembly type (shut down on 1983/09/01) •  RA-3, built 1963, 5,000 kWt, pool type. •  RA-4 (former SUR-100), built 1971, HOMOG type, owned and operated by Universidad Nacional de Rosario •  RA-6, built 1978, 500 kWt, pool type. •  RA-8, built 1986, 0.01 kWt, critical assembly type •  CAREM prototype 25 Mwe, under construction 2 October 2014, expected completion 2017.

Brazil : 4 in operation •  São Paulo – IEA-R1 – Pool-type reactor, 5MW – IPEN-Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, SP

(criticality 1957-09-16) •  Belo Horizonte – IPR-R1 – TRIGA Mark I, 250 kW - CDTN-Centro de Desenvolvimento de Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo

Horizonte, MG (criticality 1960-11-06) •  Rio de Janeiro – ARGONAUTA – Argonaut class reactor, 100 kW – IEN-Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, RJ

(criticality 1965-02-20) •  São Paulo – IPEN/MB-01 – Critical assembly, 0.1 kW – IPEN-Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo,

SP (criticality 1988-11-09

Chile: : 2 in operation •  RECH 1 – Pool-type reactor, 5 MWt MTR – Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear, Santiago (criticality 1974) •  RECH 2 – Pool-type reactor, 10 MWt MTR – Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear, Santiago (criticality 1977, refurbished

1989)

Colombia: 1 in operation •  Bogotá – IAN-R1, 100 kW – TRIGA, Institute of Nuclear Science (installed in 1997

Mexico: 3 in operation •  Mexico City - TRIGA Mark III, National Institute for Nuclear Research •  Mexico City - National Polytechnic Institute - Subcritical research reactor •  Zacatecas - Autonomous University of Zacatecas - Subcritical research reactor

Peru: 2 in operation •  RP-0 - Located in Lima, built by Argentine INVAP •  RP-10 - Located in Huarangal built by Argentine INVAP

Uruguay: no nuclear installation •  URR reactor - A small pool-type research reactor placed in Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares (CIN). In operation since early '70 up to 1997 when it was dismantled and returned to United States due law of 1997 against use of nuclear energy in Uruguay.

Venezuela: no nuclear installation •  RV-1 pool-type reactor (shut down 1994)

NameReactor

No.

Reactor

Status

Capacity in MWConstruction

start date

Commercial operation

date

ClosureType Model Net Gross

AtuchaI 1 PHWRPHWRKWU

Operational 335 362 1 June 1968 24 June 1974

AtuchaII 1 PHWRPHWR

KWU Operational 692 745

14 July 1981

(mothballed

between 1994

and 2007)

27 June 2014

Atucha III 1 PHWR CANDU-6 Planned 800 2017 2025

Atucha IV [7] 1 PWR ACP-1000 Planned 1000 2019

Embalse 1 PHWR CANDU-6 Operation

suspended for

maintenance[9]600 648 1 April 1974

20 January

1984

Nuclear power plants: Argentina : 3 in operation, 2 planned 10% of total energy production

Argentina: autonomy in nuclear research reactor technology

CNEA: Comissión Nacional de Energia Atomica

INVAP: INVAP technology company of the state established in 1976 Develops multi-discipline technological projects in the nuclear, space, industrial services, medicine and education fields.

INVAP has built several Nuclear Research Reactors as well as important parts of others, in Argentina, Peru, Algeria and Egypt.

On July 2000 INVAP awarded international tender for the construction of a Replacement Research Reactor (OPAL) by ANSTO, the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation.

Open Pool Australian Light-water reactor (OPAL) is a multipurpose facility particularly oriented toward radioisotope production, Power 20MW, Operational in November 2006 and inaugurated in April 2007.

OPAL construction, inauguration

Nuclear power plants: Brazil : 2 in operation, 1 in construction, 4 planned until 2025

4% of total energy production, 92% is hydroelectric.

NameReactor

no.

Reactor

Status

Capacity in MWConstruction start date

Commercial

operation date

ClosureType Model Net Gross

Angra 1 PWR WE-2 loops Operational 609 640 1 May 19711 January 1985

Angra 2 PWRPRE KONVOI

Operational 1275 13501 January 1976

1 February 2001

Angra 3 PWRPRE KONVOI

Under construction

1245 1350

1984 (halted in 1986, restarted on 1 June 2010)

ANGRA I ANGRA II

ANGRA III

NameReactor

No.

Reactor

Status

Capacity in MWConstructi

on Start Date

Commercial Operation

DateClosure

Type Model Net Gross

LagunaVerde 1 BWR BWR-5 Operational 665 7001 October 1976

29 July 1990

Laguna Verde 2 BWR BWR-5 Operational 665 7001 June 1977

10 April 1995

Nuclear power plants: Mexico : 2 in operation, 4 planned until 2025 4% of total energy production

New nuclear science installations planned in Brazil

1.  RMB - Reator Multipropósito Brasileiro

RMB : medical radioisotope production (99Mo, 2.5 x consumption) irradiation tests of advanced nuclear fuel/materials, neutron beam research, material research

Power: 30 MW, Cost: U$ 500 M ; Local: Iperó, SP; 2018 (?) Construction: INVAP (Argentina, OPAL type)

Nuclear technology firm Invap will construct two research reactors, one in Brazil and one in Argentina, under a contract signed with the two countries.

The new Argentine and Brazilian reactors will provide capacity to supply 40% of global radioisotope demand.

Age of reactors producing 99Mo

Power of some research reactors

New accelerator science installations in construction in Brazil

LNLS: Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sincrotron -UVX Campinas,SP,Brazil UVX- designed in 1983, entirely built in Brazil, became operational 14 years later, in 1997. Unique in Latin America. UVX Accelerator Parameters: Storage Ring:

Energy 1.37 GeV

Injection energy 500 MeV

Beam current 250 mA Circumference 93.2 m Average diameter 29.7 m

1500  Researchers use regularly, 17% from Argentina.

Sirius, the new Brazilian synchrotron light source, will be the largest and most complex scientific infrastructure ever built in the country.

It is designed to place Brazil amongst the leadership in the generation of synchrotron light, since it is planned to be one of the first 4th generation light sources and one of the brightest in its energy class.

-  Schedule -  Building construction started in December 2014 – 40 months -  In September 2017 starts assembly of accelerators -  July 2018 – First beam (commissioning starts) -  Assembly of the 13 Phase 1 beamlines – from 2018 throughout 2020 -  Open to users in 2019 Cost R$ 1,3 B = US$ 400 M

Naturalemi+anceofsomeLightSources

RegisNeuenschwander–IPAC2015

4th generation!

BEAMLINES Sirius will be able to have ~ 40 beamlines

First phase – 13 beamlines Sophisticated experimental stations

- Fourth Generation Storage Ring - Many technological challenges – in house solutions!

International Recognition

October2014

Landwork – finished first semester of 2014

• Executive project concluded – 2012-2014

• Civil engineering challenges – stability (most sophisticated floor ever built in Brazil)

• Building total area - 68.000 m2

Special floor to minimize effects of vibration

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020BuildingConstruc/onStart BuildingComplete

20mA100mA

350mA

MachineInstalla/on

BeamlineInstalla/onTimeline

Due to recent political and economical crisis in Brazil:

Important reduction in investment in science.

However RMB and SIRIUS projects seem not to be delayed

New accelerator science installations in construction in Argentina

CNEA - Accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT)

Slides from Andres Kreiner - CNEA

Slide of Andres Kreiner

The development of a high current (10 mA) Electrostatic Quadrupole Accelerator intended for neutron production, BNCT and other applications is finalized. It is a small machine, but is modular, working on a larger one.

Start the construction of an Accelerator Development Lab where the bigger machine will be installed which could become also a facility for BNCT clinical trials. Remeasurement of some neutron producing reactions like 9Be(d,n) and significant progress in the development of high power neutron production targets.

Conferences, symposia, summer schools

in 2015-2017

Latin American Symposia on Nuclear Physics and Applications (LASNPA)

1995  Caracas, Venezuela 1997  Caracas, Venezuela 1999  San Andrés, Colombia 2001  Ciudad de México, México 2003 Santos, Brazil 2005  Iguazu, Argentina 2007  Cuzco, Peru 2009  Santiago, Chile 2011  Quito, Ecuador 2013  Montevideo, Uruguay 2015  Medellin, Colombia (IUPAP support cat.B) 2017 Havana, Cuba

Scope: the dissemination of the major theoretical and experimental advances in the field of nuclear science and its applications.

.

Local Organizing Committee •  Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá •  Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín •  Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín •  Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá

"The 11th Latin American Symposium on Nuclear Physics and Applications"

•  The Symposium was held on Nov. 30 – Dec. 4, 2015 in Medellín, Colombia.

•  The symposium was preceded by a School on Medical Physics, on November 27-28, 2015.

•  The symposium was supported by IUPAP as Category B

Countries participating

28

Particpants from outside the host country

95

Number of members of the International organizing committee

40

Number of female members of the International organizing committee

5

Scientists from developing/disadvantaged countries receiving travel assistance

10

Amount of individual assistance

400 - 600

Total funds used to support travel of scientists

5000

New work: describe any new and important work that was presented at the conference.

• Probing early universe particle physics with neutrons at the Institut Laue-Langevin, • The quest for an electric dipole moment of the neutron, • Microscopic Description of 6He elastic scattering on heavy targets,

Comments: Please provide any comments on IUPAP sponsorship from the viewpoint of the organiser (e.g. problems that arose, timing of the availability of funds, communication with the secretariat, etc.)

The timing of availability of funds and communication with the secretariat were perfect

Name of IUPAP Commission *

C12. Nuclear Physics

Conference title *

XI Latin American Symposium on Nuclear Physics and Applications

Location

Medellin,Colombia

Start date

29/11/2015

End Date

04/12/2015

Name of organiser/contact person

Luis Fernando Cristancho

Phone number

311 228 3064

Email

lfcristanchom@unal.edu.co

Website

http://gfnun.unal.edu.co/xi-lasnpa/

Select a Choice

Special

Attendees

184

Attendees giving invited papers

95

Women participating

50

Women giving invited papers

30

Women/attendees=50/184= 27% Women –invited paper/attendees invited paper= 32%

XI LASNPA Conference Report

MEXICO

List of events organized by Div. of Nuclear Physics in Mexico:

- XXXVIII Simposio de Física Nuclear, Hacienda Cocoyoc, 6-9 de enero de 2015

- XXXIX Simposio de Física Nuclear, Hacienda Cocoyoc, 5-8 de enero de 2016

- Programa de Estancias de Verano en el Extranjero, verano de 2016

- IX Escuela Mexicana de Fisica Nuclear, Mexico DF, 22 junio a 6 julio de 2015

Some highlights in Nuclear Physics research activities

Brazil Radioactive Ion Beams in Brazil (RIBRAS), unique in Latin America.

In-flight production of pure (99%) radioactive ion beams using 2 superconducting solenoids + degrader. Connected to 8MV Pelletron Tandem. Beams of 6He,8Li,7Be,8B,10Be,17,18F

Investment in new detectors (several strip detector telescopes), new electronics, new data acquisition New, position-sensitive neutron wall.

Program: Fusion reactions, break-up reactions, transfer reactions of astrophysical interest.

Evolution of the RIBRAS system Cocktail beams

Purified beams

New chamber for γ-detectors, on-line fusion measurements

Neutron detector

Argentina

20 MV Pelletron Tandem, stable beams, nuclear Reaction studies, fusion, break-up reactions.

Strong activity in Medical Physics: construction of a high intensity low-energy proton accelerator and a SPECT tomograph for accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT).

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Mexico

•  Nuclear structure (symmetries, cluster models, nuclear masses, double b decay) T •  Hadronic physics (LE QCD, quark models) T •  Cosmic rays (Pyramid of the Sun, HAWC) E International collaborations: T, E

–  ALICE (IFUNAM, ICNUNAM, Cinvestav, BUAP, UAS) –  Auger (ICNUNAM) –  RIB ORNL, Notre Dame (IFUNAM, ICNUNAM) –  LANL (IFUNAM)

•  Medical physics (IFUNAM, ICNUNAM, School of Medicine UNAM, UAZ) E •  Radiation physics E

–  RBS, PIXE, other techniques

Venezuela Applications only - Promotion of the Latin American Environmental Radiation Network to draw a Regional Radiological Map. -  New equipment for multiphase fluid monitoring in oilfield exploitation. - Geochronology (IAEA project VEN/2012 - Radiobiology

Chile Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria – Valparaiso Theory: study of the origin of the proton spin. Neutrino physics. Analytical calculation of Feynman diagrams. Experimental: Activity at Jefferson Laboratory USA. Santiago : Applications

Colombia, Peru, Cuba: Applications

Conclusions

•  Next LASNPA - Havana Cuba, come over

•  New facilities: BRM, SIRIUS (Brazil), High intensity accelerator for BNCT (Argentina)