reporting category 1 14-15 school year eoc review
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Reporting Category 1
14-15 school year
EOC review
![Page 2: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TEK 4ACompare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
![Page 3: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ProkaryotesDo NOT have a nucleusHowever, they do contain genetic material (DNA or RNA)
They have a cell wallThey are unicellularKingdoms: Archaea and Bacteria
![Page 4: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
EukaryotesHave a nucleus that contains DNA
Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not
Have organelles Can be unicellular (protists) or multicellular
Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia
![Page 5: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Example Questions
![Page 6: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
TEK 4B Investigate and explain cellular
processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules
![Page 7: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HomeostasisCell membranes help organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells To stay alive, a cell must exchange
materials such as food, water, and wastes with its environment
Small molecules like water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide can move in and out freely
![Page 8: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Diffusion and Osmosis Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area
of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Smaller molecules diffuse faster Molecules diffuse faster at higher temperatures
Osmosis is the diffusion of water; water will move to an area that has a higher concentration of molecules Hypotonic: solute concentration is higher inside cell(less
water) so water enters the cell causing it to swell and possibly burst
Hypertonic: solute concentration is higher outside cell so water moves out causing the cell to shrink
Isotonic: the concentrations are the same on both sides of the membrane
![Page 9: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Example Question
![Page 10: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
TEK 4C Compare the structures of viruses to
cells, describe viral reproduction, and describe the role of viruses in causing diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza
![Page 11: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Viruses A non-living parasite Highly specific to the types of cells
they infect Turns the cell into a virus making
factory
![Page 12: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Viral Reproduction Viruses can reproduce through the lytic cycle or lysogenic cycle
Each cycle uses the cell’s equipment to build new viruses Lytic cycle results in death of cell Lysogenic cycle does not result in
death of cell
![Page 13: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Example Question
![Page 15: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TEK 5A Describe the stages of the cell cycle,
including DNA replication and mitosis, and the importance of the cell cycle to the growth of organisms
![Page 16: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Why do cells divide?Growth, reproduction(in single celled organisms) and repair
Control of the Cell Cycle: G1 checkpoint- check to see if DNA
is damaged G2 checkpoint- check to see if DNA
replicated properly M checkpoint- check the alignment
of chromosomes
![Page 17: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mitosis The division of the nucleus that results in
identical complete copies of chromosomes packaged into two new nuclei
Cytokinesis- the division of the cytoplasm that results in two daughter cells
![Page 18: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Example Questions
![Page 19: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
TEK 5CDescribe the roles of DNA, RNA, and environmental factors in cell differentiation
![Page 20: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Cell Differentiation You started life as a single cell, a zygote. Your
body now contains millions of cells that are specialized for different functions. Muscle cells are specialized for movement. Stomach cells produce acid that breaks down food. The development of cells that have specialized functions is known as cell differentiation. All the cells of a multicellular organism contain the same DNA, so cell differentiation is due to a difference in gene expression rather than a difference in DNA. The process of gene expression is affected by both the internal and external environment
![Page 21: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
TEK 5DRecognize that disruptions of the cell cycle lead to diseases such as cancer
![Page 22: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Characteristics of cancerous cells Lost the restraints on growth; they
are engaged in mitosis(dividing for an unlimited number of generations)
Lack of contact inhibition Reduced dependence on growth
factors in the environment Do not cooperate with other cells in
their environment
![Page 23: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Characteristics of cancerous cells
![Page 24: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
TEK 9ACompare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, protein and nucleic acids
![Page 25: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Metabolism Metabolism: the full set of chemical
processes carried out by a living organism
Anabolism: the formation of large complex molecules by linking together smaller, simpler molecules Require energy input
Catabolism: the breakdown of large, complex molecules into smaller molecules Release energy
![Page 26: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Biomolecules
Biomolecule
Facts
Carbohydrates
Elements: CHOMonomer: monosaccharidesUsed to store and release energy
Protein Elements: CHONMonomer: amino acidsFunction as enzymes or structure
Lipids Elements: CHOMonomer: triglyceridesFunction as energy storage
Nucleic Acids
Elements; CHONMonomer: nucleotidesComponents of DNA and RNA
![Page 27: Reporting Category 1 14-15 school year EOC review](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e2e5503460f94b1e291/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Example Question