ReproductionPart I: Anatomy

Functions

Overall: to produce offspring

Male System: to produce & deliver sperm

Female System: produce eggs, provide place for fertilized eggs to develop

Male Anatomy

Bladder

Urethra

Penis

Testes

Scrotum

EpididymisBulbourethral Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Vas Deferens

Parts of the Male

Scrotum: the sac that holds the testes◦positioned outside of the abdomen◦Why?◦allows sperm to develop in an environment 2-

3°C cooler than body temperatureTestes: produce sperm

Epididymis: where immature sperm mature, grow tails

Vas deferens: tube, stores some sperm up to 3 months!

Sperm

Sperm: male sex cells◦300 million produced PER DAY!◦3 parts:

Head = DNA Midsection = energy! Tail = swim!

Sperm Development

Heads and Tails testes & epididymis

Seminal vesicles: secrete sugar mixture◦Provides energy for sperm

Prostate Gland: secrete alkaline fluid◦Protects sperm from female fluids

Bulbourethral Gland: secretes fluid◦Lubricates and cleanses urethra◦Why?

Sperm & Fluids = Semen

Sperm Release

Upon arousal:Sperm leave vas deferens

towards Urethra, picking up fluidsfrom Urethra, leave body

Ejaculation: sperm ejected by smooth muscle contractions◦Not voluntary!◦2-6 mL of semen released

Female Anatomy

Oviduct or Fallopian Tubes

Ovary

Uterus

Cervix

Vagina

Bladder

Urethra

Rectum

Anus

Parts of the Female

Ovaries: site of egg production

Oviducts (Fallopian Tubes): transport eggs from ovary to uterus◦*Fertilization happens here*

Uterus: where fertilized egg develops◦Has 2 layers, 1 muscular, 1 thin lining

Cervix: passageway from uterus vagina◦Muscles control this

Vagina: birth canal; passage to the outside