Sarfraz MasihSarfraz MasihSarfraz MasihSarfraz MasihMScN, Post RN BScN, DCC, RNMScN, Post RN BScN, DCC, RN

Principal

Understanding Theory & Understanding Theory & Understanding Theory & Understanding Theory & Research FrameworkResearch FrameworkResearch FrameworkResearch Framework

Unit # 4Unit # 4Unit # 4Unit # 4

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Principal

Karachi King’s College of Nursing, Karachi

1

By the end of the session, the learners will be able to

� Discuss purposes and characteristics of theory.

� Describe theories, conceptual models and

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� Describe theories, conceptual models and framework

� Discuss relationship of concepts and variables

2

� An array of logically interrelated propositionsthat claims to explain a set of phenomena. Propositions are statements formed from concepts and variables.

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(http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/e/gec7/T

heory.html)

� It is defined as an integrated set of defined concepts and statements that present a view of a phenomenon and can be used to describe, explain, predict, and control that phenomenon.

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phenomenon.

(Burns & Grove, 2007)

� Pleural is phenomena

� Phenomenon is

◦ an occurrence or a circumstance that is observed,

◦ something that impresses the observer as

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◦ something that impresses the observer as extraordinary, or

◦ a thing that appears to and constructed by the mind.

The purposes of theory are to

� describe

� explain

� predict and

control

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� control

TheTheTheThe phenomenonphenomenonphenomenonphenomenon

� Person

� Environment

� Health

� Nursing

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� Must be consistent with reality

� If theory & reality are not consistent ◦ theory is wrong

◦ measurement of reality is wrong

◦ both a wrong

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◦ both a wrong

� Theories must allow for the development or reality tests

(typically in the form of hypotheses)

� Conceptual models are similar to theories

� Sometimes are referred as theories.

� A conceptual model broadly explains phenomena of interest, expresses

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phenomena of interest, expresses assumptions, and reflects a philosophical stance.

Health Care Environment

Nursing

Performance Components

Mind: Self conceptBody: SkillsSpirit: Role conception

and work value

Environmental Conditions

Environmental supplies

OccupationActivities,

TasksActual nursing roles assigned

Nurse

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PEO fit

Occupational Performance• Job Performance� Turnover intention

The Person-Environment- Occupation Model of Occupational Performance by Law et al., (1996), applied to the Nursing Context by Takase (2005)

� A framework is a brief explanation of a theory or those portions of a theory to be tested in a quantitative study.

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(Burns & Grove, 2007)

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� Florence Nightingale

� Helen Erickson

� Virginia Henderson

� Imogene King

� Madeleine Leininger

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� Madeleine Leininger

� Betty Neumann

� Dorothea Orem

� Ida Jean Orlando

� Hildegard Peplau

� Jean Watson

� Myra Estrin Levine

� Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

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� Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

� Martha E. Rogers

� Callista Roy

� Katherine Kolcaba

� Florence Nightingale’s Theory of NursingTheory of NursingTheory of NursingTheory of Nursing

� Helen Erickson’s Modeling and RoleModeling and RoleModeling and RoleModeling and Role----ModelingModelingModelingModeling

� Virginia Henderson, Definition of NursingDefinition of NursingDefinition of NursingDefinition of Nursing

� Imogene King’s Behavioral Theory Behavioral Theory Behavioral Theory Behavioral Theory

� Madeleine Leininger’s Transcultural Care Transcultural Care Transcultural Care Transcultural Care

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� Madeleine Leininger’s Transcultural Care Transcultural Care Transcultural Care Transcultural Care Theory Theory Theory Theory

� Betty Neuman’s System ModelSystem ModelSystem ModelSystem Model

� Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Deficit TheorySelf Care Deficit TheorySelf Care Deficit TheorySelf Care Deficit Theory

� Ida Jean Orlando’s Nursing Process ThoeryNursing Process ThoeryNursing Process ThoeryNursing Process Thoery

� Hildegard Peplau’ Interpersonal RelationsInterpersonal RelationsInterpersonal RelationsInterpersonal Relations

� Jean Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Philosophy and Science of Philosophy and Science of Philosophy and Science of Caring Caring Caring Caring

� Myra Estrin Levine’s Conservation ModelConservation ModelConservation ModelConservation Model

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� Myra Estrin Levine’s Conservation ModelConservation ModelConservation ModelConservation Model

� Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s Human BecomingHuman BecomingHuman BecomingHuman Becoming

� Martha E. Rogers’s Unitary Human BeingsUnitary Human BeingsUnitary Human BeingsUnitary Human Beings

� Callista Roy’s Adaptation ModelAdaptation ModelAdaptation ModelAdaptation Model

� Katherine Kolcaba’s Comfort TheoryComfort TheoryComfort TheoryComfort Theory

Understanding the � interlocking language � concepts � relationships � structured ideas, and

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� structured ideas, and � outcomes of nursing practice

� which forms a comprehensive umbrella for multiple practice applications within the profession of nursing.

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� Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (2007). Understanding Nursing Research: Building and Evidence – Based Practice 4th (ed.). Saunders

� Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T, & Hungler, B. P. (2001). Essentials of Nursing Research: Methods, Appraisal and Utilization. Lippincott: New

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Appraisal and Utilization. Lippincott: New York.

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