research and innovation analysing existing work alan dix structure + divergence = innovation
DESCRIPTION
structuring themes criteria classifications taxonomies multiple perspectivesTRANSCRIPT
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research and innovationanalysing existing work
Alan Dix
STRUCTURE + DIVERGENCE = INNOVATION
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analysing existing work
•structuring– themes, criteria, classification, etc.
•understanding– why, why, why, why ... and why not?– deconstructing
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structuring
• themes• criteria• classifications• taxonomies• multiple perspectives
multi-
processor
single
processor
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premeptive
premeptive
somat
or
other
somat
else
thing
amibob
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structure what
• whole papers/documents• issues, topics within docs• things described
• software/hardware systems• methods/techniques
• application areas• observed behaviour
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themes
• recurrent topics, issues, problemse.g. power usage in ubicom
• how to find them?– you haved 2 minutes– tell a friend about the area– what would you say?
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criteria
• mostly for things• software, methods, etc.
• often binary• can it do X - yes or no
• may be multi-choice• or qualitiative
• does it support X - positive, negative, a bit
system Asystem Bsystem C
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the instant thesis
• choose an area• gather literature• see what criteria each uses• apply criteria to all
systems/methods
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classification and taxonomies
standard subject classification problem specific classification
• boundary cases• is a platypus a mammal, bird or reptile?• boundaries are constructs• hard cases tell us most
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finding classes - attributes
• topic:genetic algorithms for fingerprint identification
• possible classes:– recognition techniques:
– genetic, statistical, annealing– recognition domains:
– finger print, face, voice
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finding classes - comparisons
• in what ways are they similar?• in what ways are they different?
syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag tyghn ty we ghtychdi qw oatyfwet dfla ght a
syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag tyghn ty we ghtychdi qw oatyfwet dfla ght a
document A document B
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the easy way?
• look in:• conference proceedings• books• special journal issues• workshops
. . .what classifications do they use?
... steal them!
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hard cases
• boundary cases• is a platypus a mammal, bird or reptile?• boundaries are constructs
• outside classification• extend classes
• hard cases tell us most
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why multiple classifications?
• taxonomy:– things
• circles– red circles– yellow circles
• squares– red squares– yellow squares
similarity clear
similarity obscured
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multiple classification
– shapes• circles• squares
– colours• red• yellow
shape
colourred yellow
circle
square
tell you in what ways things are similar and in what whay they differ
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an examplegroupware on the web
D. Ramduny and A. Dix (1997). Why, What, Where, When: Architectures for Co-operative work on the WWW. in Proceedings of HCI'97, Eds. H. Thimbleby, B. O'Connaill and P. Thomas. Bristol, UK, Springer. pp. 283-301.
• shared data - where is it?• local - on users’ own machines• remote - on a central server
• but it moves• where is it stored?• where is it used?
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?super-computers
ASP
caching
replicas
client-server
the data matrix
local
remote
storage
local remote
usage
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what about code?
• applets a bit like cached data?
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?SQL?
applet
downloadhelperplug-in
CGI etc.
the code matrix
local
remote
storage
local remote
usage/execution
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code and data
• can be stored sep
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attribute spreading
• topic: applications of technique X in area Y• look at:
applications of technique X to other areas
applications of other techniques to area Y technique
areaX
other
otherY