research article a karaoke system with real-time media...

Hindawi Publishing CorporationMathematical Problems in EngineeringVolume 2013 Article ID 713589 8 pageshttpdxdoiorg1011552013713589

Research ArticleA Karaoke System with Real-Time Media Merging and SharingFunctions for a Cloud-Computing-Integrated Mobile Device

Her-Tyan Yeh1 Juing-Shian Chiou2 and Ting-Jun Zhou1

1 Department of Information and Communication Southern Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyNo 1 Nan-Tai Street Yongkang District Tainan 710 Taiwan

2Department of Electrical Engineering Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology No 1 Nan-Tai StreetYongkang District Tainan 710 Taiwan

Correspondence should be addressed to Juing-Shian Chiou jschioumailstustedutw

Received 12 September 2013 Accepted 16 October 2013

Academic Editor Teen-Hang Meen

Copyright copy 2013 Her-Tyan Yeh et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

Mobile devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) smartphones and tablets have increased in popularity and are extremelyefficient for work-related social and entertainment uses Popular entertainment services have also attracted substantial attentionThus relevant industries have exerted considerable efforts in establishing amethod by whichmobile devices can be used to developexcellent and convenient entertainment services Because cloud-computing technology is mature and possesses a strong computingprocessing capacity integrating this technology into the entertainment service function in mobile devices can reduce the data loadon a system and maintain mobile device performances This study combines cloud computing with a mobile device to design akaraoke system that contains real-time media merging and sharing functionsThis system enables users to download music videos(MVs) from their mobile device and sing and record their singing by using the device They can upload the recorded song to thecloud server where it is merged with real-time media Subsequently by employing a media streaming technology users can storetheir personalMVs in their mobile device or computer and instantaneously share these videos with others on the InternetThroughthis process people can instantly watch shared videos enjoy the leisure and entertainment effects ofmobile devices and satisfy theirdesire for singing

1 Introduction

The vigorous development of information and communica-tion technologies and the increased use of the Internet haveled network technologies to be integrated into peoplersquos dailylives The proportion of people using mobile application ser-vices has dramatically increased following the popularizationof mobile devices Despite the global economic recessionof recent years major technological and telecommunicationcompanies havemaintained positive stances toward the smartphone and mobile business service markets believing thatthese markets present substantial potential for development

Recently cloud-computing technology has developedrapidly attracting considerable attention from numerouscompanies enterprises and users This technology is highlyeffective in that it can handle computations for massivelycomplex systems on the Internet thereby enabling remote

service providers to process a vast amount of informationwithin a short period of time Cloud computing exhibitsexcellent computing performance similar to that of a supe-rcomputer

Increasing numbers of people have focused on themobileweb for mobile devices According to the Institute for Infor-mation Industry a survey on the mobile Internet penetrationrate among Taiwanese citizens showed that since 2010 the ratehas increased rapidly at a pace of more than 10 per year Inthe first quarter of 2013 the penetration rate reached almost50 as shown in Figure 1

Advancements in Internet technology andmobile deviceshave rendered video streaming one of the most popularapplication services This technology offers services suchas entertainment video sharing and live Internet televisionUsers can browse the channel directory to obtain informationregarding the channel content and choose the content or

2 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

2007Q1 2008Q1 2009Q1 2010Q1 2011Q1 2012Q1 2013Q1

5040302010

0

487

319

21317911288 99

()

Figure 1 The trend of Taiwanrsquos mobile Internet penetration rate(data source Institute for Information Industry)

the program they wish to view Currently numerous websitesprovide free or paid online video services (eg YouTubeVimeo and IrsquomTV) where users can watch videos whereverand whenever they desire

Singing-related talent shows have received considerableattention worldwide People can participate in the entire sele-ction process from initial auditions through to the finals dur-ing which each process is broadcast on television Currentlypopular large-scale singing talent shows include AmericanIdolTheVoiceTheVoice of China andTaiwanrsquosOneMillionStar and Super Idol The distribution of these shows hasincreased the viewership of associated television channelsand become a common topic of discussion among variouscommunities The increased popularity of television talentshows has also potentially raised peoplersquos interest in singingprompting them to frequently organize social events withfriends at karaoke establishments (hereafter referred to asKTV) According to a 2011 Survey on the Music Industry inTaiwan announced by the Bureau of Audiovisual and MusicIndustry Development MOC in 2012 the revenue of theTaiwanese karaoke industry was estimated to be NT$ 843million For themajority of consumers singing atKTVs is notonly a form of leisure and entertainment but also an activityin which people can easily interact and socialize with othersSinging enables people to release their emotions and relievestress People generally practice singing techniques to achievetheir goal of becoming a celebrity and they select singingas their basic form of entertainment Even without going toKTVs people can casually hum or sing songs whenever theydesire

In an era where modern technologies are vigorouslydeveloping establishing a method in which to integrate vari-ous forms of entertainment with fast-growing and commonlyused mobile devices has raised considerable awareness Thisstudy combines cloud computing and a mobile device to des-ign a karaoke system that is integrated with real-time mediamerging and sharing functions thereby entertaining userswith a singing-related application service This service wasestablished based on the cloud-computing framework Theapplication program enables users to sing into their mobiledevices which simultaneously records and uploads theirvoice to the cloud server In this process the noises thatinterfere with the recording are eliminated This system alsoallows them to merge their song recordings with a musicvideo (MV) and share their personal MVs with othersOverall users can create and store their personalMVs which

can be synchronized and shared with others on the InternetThis study provides the following contributions

(1) Users can attain entertainment goals without beinglimited by time and location with their mobile phoneand Internet access Through their cloud-computing-integratedmobile device they can sing and share theircreations with other users

(2) Audio and video media can be merged and immedi-ately shared

(3) Users canmerge their song recordings with anMV orwith a self-developed video to create personal MVs

(4) Consequently through their mobile devices peoplecan sing heartily without having to visit KTVs expe-rience the enjoyment of friends and relativesrsquo gather-ings without having to attend and feel the pleasure ofbeing a singer

2 Literature Review

21 Cloud Computing Cloud computing has received theattention of numerous companies and users in recent yearsBy using this technology users can store their data or appli-cation programs in cloud from which they can download orshare the stored data with others on the Internet Essentiallycloud-computing service is accessible and available onlineregardless of the time and location [1ndash4]

Cloud computing excels in calculation processing in thatit allows remote service providers to process a vast amount ofinformation within a short period of time Therefore it hasexcellent computing performance similar to that of a supercomputer Furthermore through Internet connections thistechnology facilitates the collaboration and services betweenthe service provider and its clients Currently numerouscompanies are actively adopting the cloud-computing servicetechnology for internal and external use to reduce costs andenhance the competitiveness of the given company

22 Internet Video Sharing Internet video sharing functionshave increased in popularity and are incorporated intonumerous applications For example YouTube and Vimeoare two well-known applications Previously Live Video wasonly provided by Internet service providers presently thisapplication can be personalized enabling users to instantlybroadcast videos they wish to share with others on the Inte-rnet whenever and wherever they desire It also providesaudiences with real-time services Because of this transfor-mation general citizens celebrities politicians and businesscelebrities are able to share self-produced videos and interest-ing clips in their personal and video blogs

23 Video Streaming Technology The advancement of bro-adband Internet technology has prompted users to frequentlyuse multimedia streaming services on the Internet [5ndash9]Thedevelopment of high-speed Internet has also rendered theprovision of real-time multimedia services on the Internetfeasible Users no longer need to spend prolonged periodsof time downloading an entire file or store large files in hard

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 3

Streaming server

Store database

Internet Internet Users

Figure 2 The framework of a media streaming system

drives By using the Internet the server end can constantlytransmit files and in turn the user can receive the filewhile watching the video Figure 2 presents the frameworkof the media streaming system which can transfer mediafiles or live broadcasts in the server Popular media sharingwebsites adopt this type of streaming technology for onlinetransmissions

Real-time transport protocol (RTP) is a streaming com-munication protocol commonly used to control video andaudio files [10] Real time streaming protocol (RTSP) is acommunication protocol designed to remotely control multi-media playbacks [11] Additionally it is a multimedia stream-ing protocol used to control audios and videos and isfrequently used in conjunctionwith RTPThis study streameddata to instantly merge and share videos by using the RTSPapproach which enables the packet to transmit data withoutinterruptions and allows users to smoothly render the audioand media content

24 Noise Elimination Digital signal processing is a criticalaspect in information technology Nowadays people gen-erally listen to music using a CD or an MP3 file formatwhich are classified as digital signals Professional singerstypically record and produce music in a fully equippedrecording studio which is designed to isolate external noiseinterferences and record the most original sound Howevergeneral citizens have no access to these professional studiosBackground noise is often recorded when singing usinggeneral microphones or at KTVs Therefore backgroundenvironmental noises must be attenuated when using mobiledevices to record singing

Spectral subtraction is an effective speech enhancementtechnique for processing speech frequencies In 1979 Boll[12] proposed a spectral subtraction method to reduce noisesignals [12]The spectral subtraction algorithm is simple fastand effective requires few calculation steps and can enhancethe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a sound signal Assuminga noise corrupted input signal 119910(119899) clean speech signal 119904(119899)and noise signal 119908(119899) the signal influenced by noise can beexpressed as follows

119910 (119899) = 119904 (119899) + 119908 (119899) (1)

Therefore an original clean speech signal can be consid-ered a corrupted input signal minus noise

|119904 (119905)|2=1003816100381610038161003816119910 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus |119908 (119905)|2 (2)

To reduce a speech signal Boll [12] modified the basicspectral subtraction method

|119904 (119905)|2=1003816100381610038161003816119910 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120582|119908 (119905)|2 (3)

120582 is calculated below where SNR is expressed in decibels(dBs)

120582 = 1205820minus3

20SNR minus 5 dB le SNR le 20 dB (4)

In reality noise frequency in a noisy environment is irre-gular To examine the effects of noise on speech signals Bero-uti proposed a method that segments speech signals intomultiple frequency bands [13] The equation can thus berewritten as follows

1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120582119894

1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

(5)

where 120582119894is calculated as follow

120582119894=

475 SNR119894le minus5 dB

4 minus3

20(SNR) minus5 dB le SNR

119894le 20 dB

1 SNR119894ge 20 dB

(6)

The equation below represents nonlinear spectral sub-traction which is used to reduce high-SNR-subtracted insta-ntaneous power spectrum and enhance low-SNR-subtractedinstantaneous power spectrum where |119904

119894(119905)| denotes the

enhanced speech signal |119910119894(119905)| denotes the noise speech sig-

nal and 119897119894(119905) represents the estimate dependent on noise

signals1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 =1003816100381610038161003816119897119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 times1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

119897119894(119905) =119908119894(119905)1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 =1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 minus1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

(7)

To eliminate musical noise Berouti also proposed a spec-tral subtraction with the oversubtraction method assertingthat the subtraction quantity of noise spectral amplitudeshould be inversely related to SNRAudioswith louder speechshould be subtracted with softer audios1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=

1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120572 (SNR) |119908 (119905)|2 1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

gt 120573|119908 (119905)|2

120573|119908 (119905)|2 otherwise

(8)

where 0 lt 120573 ≪ 1 is a constant and 120572(SNR) ge 1 can be calcu-lated as follows

120572 (SNR) = 1205720+ SNR1 minus 1205720

SNR119894

(9)

where 1205720ge 1 and SNR

119894ge SNR therefore when speech signal

is weak (ie low SNR) 120572(SNR) increases The amplitudeof the noise spectrum is oversubtracted and the musicalnoise is eliminated by using 120573|119908(119905)|2 in place of the sub-tracted result


List ofsongs

List ofsongs

MVdatabase

Input voice Mediamerging

Storage

Personalizevideo

Real-timesharing

KeywordClassification

Select a song Select key

(Mobile devices)

Cloud server

1

22

3

4 5

6

7

8

8 9

10

1112

Figure 3 System architecture

3 Karaoke System with Real-Time MediaMerging and Sharing Function

31 System Framework During leisure time people oftenorganize social events with friends at KTVs The increasedpopularity of television talent shows has potentially increasedpeoplersquos desires to become a celebrity The majority of thesepeople select singing as their basic form of entertainmentwhich is conveniently available This study combined cloudcomputing and a mobile device to design an applicationsystem that allows instant singing and sharing thus userscan sing wherever they are and instantly share their recordedsingings with others by using a cloud-computing-integratedmobile device that is connected to the Internet Furthermorethe recordings can be merged with MVs and self-developedvideos thereby permitting users to feel the pleasure of beinga singer Figure 3 exhibits the system framework

A description of the procedures that occur when usershave completed downloading and installing the system appli-cation program into their personal device is outlined asfollows

(1) According to the interface display users can enterthe song selection mode and select the ldquoSelectSongs by Classificationrdquo option to choose from thesubcategories of the songs (eg Chinese Taiwaneseand English songs male and female singers rock androll sentimental songs and hip hop music) for themusic file they wish to sing and search in the ldquoSearchSongsrdquo selection by inputting keywords relevant to thesongs

(2) The system shows results in the ldquoSelect Songs byClassificationrdquo or ldquoSearch Songsrdquo function displayingthe possible list of songs for users to select and verify

(3) Users select the music file they intend to sing(4) The system displays the option for selecting tunes

users can choose ldquomale keyrdquo or ldquofemale keyrdquo based ontheir ability or preference

(5) Once the user has selected the desired song and tunethe application program searches for the song andtune file from the MV database in the cloud server

(6) Subsequently theMVfile relevant to the selected songand tune is streamed to usersrsquo mobile device

(7) The mobile device begins receiving the MV file of theselected song while users are able to sing the songthrough the mobile device

(8) While the user sings the system synchronouslyuploads the input speechvoice signal in the mobiledevice to the application program in the cloud ser-ver where the voice is processed and subsequentlymerged with the MV file in the database

(9) If users do not wish to merge their recordings withthe MV files in the database they can select theirpersonal videos (images or motion pictures) stored inthe mobile device to merge with their voice signals

(10) The merged media file can be shared instantly thro-ugh the use of the Internet

(11) Other users can watch the merged video from theirmobile devices or personal computers The transmis-sion process used in this process also involves amediastreaming technology

(12) Users can also store their completed works or uploadand share themdirectly on social networkingwebsitessuch as YouTube and Facebook

32 Instant Video Merging For cloud servers to process real-time media merging a real-time media merging server mustbe installed in the cloud server When users sing throughtheir mobile device the voice signal is first uploaded intothe cloud server for background noise elimination to reducenoise interferences thereby attaining a crisp and clear soundUpon receiving the processed signals the real-time mediamerging server in the cloud server obtains the MV file of theselected song from the MV database to merge the video andaudio signals in the streamed media file with the uploadedand processed audio stream If users do not wish to mergetheir recordings with the videos in the MV database they


MVdatabase

Mediamerging

MV

Personalizevideo

Input voice

Eliminatenoise

Signalbuffering

Audio

Real-time mediamerging server (incloud server)

2

3

3

4

4 5

Figure 4 Real-time media merging framework

can select their personal videos (images or motion pictures)stored in the mobile device and upload them to the real-timemedia merging server in the cloud server while they singFigure 4 presents the real-time merging framework

The merging process is summarized as follows

(1) When users sing through their mobile device thevoice signal is first uploaded into the cloud server forbackground noise elimination which is explained inSection 321

(2) The system retrieves the MV media file of the songthat has been sung from theMVdatabase in the cloudserver

(3) When the real-time media merging server installedin the cloud server receives the processed signal(ie noise eliminated) the merging server begins toextract MV media files from the database and bufferthe signal of the media file of the userrsquos song

(4) Upon streaming the media MV of the song singingin progress the systemmerges the buffered video andaudio signals with the uploaded and processed audiostream

(5) If users do not wish to merge their recordings withthe videos in the MV database they can selecttheir personal videos (images or motion pictures)stored in the mobile device and upload them to themerging server in the cloud server where merging issimultaneously conducted

321 Noise Elimination and Signal Buffering Backgroundnoise is often recorded when singing using mobile devicesThis is in contrast to the recordings by professional singerswho typically record and produce music in fully equippedrecording studios which are designed to isolate external noise

Usersoriginal voice

Spectralsubtraction

Spectralsubtraction

overdose

Sound of eliminated

noise

Figure 5 Noise elimination

Mediabuffer

Mediastreaming

Real-timesharing

Mediamerging1

2

3

4

5

6

Other users

Figure 6 Real-time media sharing framework

interferences and record the most original sound Back-ground environmental noises must be attenuated when usingmobile devices to record singing The study designed thekaraoke system based on themethods outlined in Section 24including the spectral subtraction method proposed byBoll [12] and the spectral subtraction with oversubtractionmethod proposed by Berouti These methods were used forprocessing sound signals to eliminate noise Figure 5 presentsthe workflow for noise elimination

33 Real-Time Media Sharing Among the numerous ser-vices provided in mobile devices entertainment servicesare extensively used and extremely popular These servicesnot only entertain users and serve as a mean for users torelease stress but also provide mobile Internet for themto interact with others The system designed in this studyallows users to sing through theirmobile device records theirsinging and instantly merges the recording with a mediafile Users can then share the content of their merged filewith others through an online media streaming technologyConsequently other users can watch the shared file throughtheir mobile device or computer thereby enabling them toexperience the fun similar to that when singing at KTVsFigure 6 presents the real-time media sharing framework


When a song is merged with a media file the systemstores the merged file in the ldquoMedia Storagerdquo section ofthe cloud server Other users can then connect to the sys-tem cloud server and download this file to their mobiledevice or computer by using the media streaming downloadservice provided in the ldquomedia storagerdquo section RTSP is amultimedia streaming protocol used to control audios andvideos Additionally it permits multiple streaming demandcontrol which not only reduces the network traffic at thecloud server end but also supportsmultiple renderingThere-fore with regard to real-time media sharing this study ado-pted the RTSP approach to perform online streaming the-reby permitting packets to transmit data without interrup-tions Consequently users can easily connect to the serverand render the selected media content

This process is outlined as follows

(1) The system performs media merging as outlined inSection 32

(2) The merged file is stored in the ldquoMedia Storagerdquo sec-tion and transmitted for real-time sharing

(3) Other users must connect to the ldquoMedia Storagerdquo sec-tion in the system cloud server before they can watchthe content of the merged medial file

(4) Once connected real-time media sharing is imple-mented by reading the media content stored in theldquoMedia Storagerdquo section

(5) Media streaming is used as the technology for trans-mitting online media

(6) By using the Internet and adopting amedia streamingapproachmultiple users can simultaneously and inst-antly watch the media content

4 System Analysis and Comparison

This study combined cloud computing and amobile device todesign a media sharing system thus users can sing whereverthey are and instantly share their recorded songs with othersby using their cloud-computing-integrated mobile devicethat is connected to the Internet Furthermore the recordingscan be merged with MVs and self-developed videos therebyallowing users to feel the pleasure of being a singer Thissection outlines the analysis on the performance and featuresof the developed system and a comparison of the advantagesof this system with traditional KTV

41 Application inMobile Devices Because of the rapid devel-opment of mobile devices and their high rate of penetrationthis study primarily employed a mobile device to operate thesystemThemain reasons and goals for using a mobile deviceare described as follows

(1) Mobile devices are light and portable Through yearsof development such devices contain numerous func-tions and have become a crucial part of peoplersquos lives

(2) Entertainment-based programs available in mobiledevices are widely used and extremely popular and

have received substantial attention The developedsystem not only provides users with an entertainmentservice and serves as a mean for users to release stressbut also enables users to interact with others on theInternet

(3) Because of the convenience and portability of mobiledevices by using this system users can simply installthe application program to sing whenever and wher-ever they want They can also share their media file(containing recordings of their singing) with othersthereby achieving the goal of using entertainmentservices in their mobile device

42 ApplyingCloud-Computing Technology This study devel-oped the karaoke system based on cloud computing technol-ogyThemain reasons and goals for using this technology aredescribed as follows

(1) Cloud computing excels in the calculation process-ing and can process large computing programs intonumerous small subprograms on the Internet There-fore numerous application programs operate basedon this technology

(2) Cloud computing can compute and analyze large pro-grams reduce system load in usersrsquo mobile devicesand increase the computing performance of themobile device

(3) The cloud server established at the cloud end providesseveral functions store MVs and media files (whichcontain usersrsquo recorded singing that is merged with aMV) eliminate noise merge real-time media searchsongs and generate lists of recommended songs

(4) By using the cloud computing technology users canshare media files with others on the Internet Thusregardless of the location users can remotely experie-nce fun and pleasure

43 System Performance In this study a karaoke systemintegrated with real-time merging and sharing functions wasdesigned This system was developed by integrating cloudcomputing into a mobile device and operates by using real-time media merging and sharing technology Through thisapproach the rate of using entertainment services in mobiledevices can be enhanced which subsequently increases theconvenience of singing Thus users can sing and share theirsinging with others Compared with the traditional karaokesystem the system developed in this study is more suitablefor users of the current era in which digital information tech-nology is extremely popular Moreover the traditional KTVmarket is approaching saturation Therefore the potential ofthis studyrsquos system for future development is considerablyhigh In contrast to the online music platform KKBOX thisstudyrsquos system not only serves as a karaoke option but alsopossesses real-time media merging and sharing functionsThis system is also integrated with advantageous functionsidentical to those of the KKBOX Thus if combined withthe KKBOX the value of the system developed in this study


Table 1 A comparison of the advantages

TraditionalKTV

The integratedKTV system

Location and temporallimitations Yes No

Singing-related and facility costs High Low

Maintenance cost High Low

Online instant sharing No Yes

Remote entertainment No YesProduce personalized musicmedia No Yes

Potential for development Low HighThe capability of being integratedwith other platforms No Yes

can be further enhanced Table 1 presents the comparison ofthe advantages between the traditional KTV and this studyrsquossystem

5 Conclusion

This study investigated a method by which peoplersquos leisureand entertainment activities and cloud computing technol-ogy can be integrated into mobile devices which are rapidlyadvancing and are frequently used thereby creating a newtype of service Subsequently this study designed a karaokesystem integrated with real-time merging and sharing func-tions allowing users to enjoy a singing-related applicationservice regardless of the time and location This servicewas established based on the cloud computing frameworkThe application program enables users to sing through theirmobile device and upload the recorded singing to the cloudserver where background noises within the recording areeliminated Additionally this program provides a servicewhereby usersrsquo singing can be merged with MV media thuspermitting users to possess personal MVs which can then beshared with others on the Internet for others to watch Thisstudy provides the following contributions

(1) Users can attain entertainment goals without beinglimited by time and location with their mobile phoneand Internet access Through their cloud-computing-integrated mobile devices they can sing and sharetheir creations with other users


(3) Users can merge their song recordings with a MV orwith a self-developed video to create personal MVs


The current market for traditional KTV is approachingsaturation The system designed and developed in this studycan effectively facilitate the expansion of the current KTVmarket which is reaching saturation It is more suitablefor users of the current era in which digital informationtechnology is extremely popular Furthermore the systemfacilitates the transformation of the current lifestyle into amobile-based entertainment lifestyle Therefore in additionto visiting KTV establishments people who wish to singare also provided with a more convenient and immediatealternative Overall the availability of the system developedin this study can ultimately reduce the infrastructure andmaintenance costs which would subsequently decrease themanpower demands and costs

Acknowledgment

This work is partially supported by the National ScienceCouncil of Taiwan under the Grants NSC 101-2221-E-218-052NSC 102-2221-E-218-017 andNSC 100-2632-E-218-001-MY3

References

[1] H Chih-Kai Dynamic adjustment mechanism of the virtualmachine computing resource in the cloud computing [MS thesis]2010

[2] N Fernando S W Loke and W Rahayu ldquoMobile cloud com-puting a surveyrdquo Future Generation Computer Systems vol 29pp 84ndash106 2013

[3] M Chen W Cai and L Ma ldquoCloud computing platform foran online model library systemrdquo Mathematical Problems inEngineering vol 2013 Article ID 369056 7 pages 2013

[4] S H Kang andK Lee ldquoEmergingmaterials and devices in spin-tronic integrated circuits for energy-smart mobile computingand connectivityrdquo Acta Materialia vol 61 pp 952ndash973 2013

[5] D Xiao-dan H Qing L Yong-hong and Y Hong ldquoThe systemconstruction and the implementation of QOS control mecha-nism in intelligent streaming mediardquo International Conferenceon Solid State Devices and Materials Science vol 25 pp 808ndash813 2012

[6] G Sebestyen A Hangan K Sebestyen and R Vachter ldquoSelf-tuning multimedia streaming system on cloud infrastructurerdquoin International Conference on Computational Science pp 1342ndash1351 2013

[7] J Chen R-M Wang L Li Z-H Zhang and X-S Dong ldquoAdistributed dynamic super peer selectionmethod based on evo-lutionary game for heterogeneous P2P streaming systemsrdquoMathematical Problems in Engineering vol 2013 Article ID830786 9 pages 2013

[8] A A Hasan ldquoMagnetohydrodynamic stability of streamingjet pervaded internally by varying transverse magnetic fieldrdquoMathematical Problems in Engineering vol 2013 Article ID325423 12 pages 2012

[9] S Chen Z Shi H Lin and L Huang ldquoH264 coding streamtransfer based on mediastreamer frameworkrdquo in Proceedings ofthe 2nd International Conference on MultiMedia and Informa-tion Technology (MMIT rsquo10) pp 262ndash265 April 2010

[10] Peterson L Larry and B S Davie Computer Networks 2007Morgan Kaufmann 4 edition 2007

[11] RFC 2326 Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) IETF 1998


[12] S F Boll ldquoA spectral subtraction algorithm for suppression ofacoustic noise in speech Acoustics Speech and Signal Proce-ssingrdquo pp 200ndash203 1979

[13] M Berouti R Schwartz and J Makhoul ldquoEnhancement ofspeech corrupted by acoustic noiserdquo in Proceedings of theIEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and SignalProcessing (ICASSP rsquo79) vol 97 pp 208ndash211 2002

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Stochastic AnalysisInternational Journal of


2007Q1 2008Q1 2009Q1 2010Q1 2011Q1 2012Q1 2013Q1

5040302010

0

487

319

21317911288 99

()

Figure 1 The trend of Taiwanrsquos mobile Internet penetration rate(data source Institute for Information Industry)

the program they wish to view Currently numerous websitesprovide free or paid online video services (eg YouTubeVimeo and IrsquomTV) where users can watch videos whereverand whenever they desire

Singing-related talent shows have received considerableattention worldwide People can participate in the entire sele-ction process from initial auditions through to the finals dur-ing which each process is broadcast on television Currentlypopular large-scale singing talent shows include AmericanIdolTheVoiceTheVoice of China andTaiwanrsquosOneMillionStar and Super Idol The distribution of these shows hasincreased the viewership of associated television channelsand become a common topic of discussion among variouscommunities The increased popularity of television talentshows has also potentially raised peoplersquos interest in singingprompting them to frequently organize social events withfriends at karaoke establishments (hereafter referred to asKTV) According to a 2011 Survey on the Music Industry inTaiwan announced by the Bureau of Audiovisual and MusicIndustry Development MOC in 2012 the revenue of theTaiwanese karaoke industry was estimated to be NT$ 843million For themajority of consumers singing atKTVs is notonly a form of leisure and entertainment but also an activityin which people can easily interact and socialize with othersSinging enables people to release their emotions and relievestress People generally practice singing techniques to achievetheir goal of becoming a celebrity and they select singingas their basic form of entertainment Even without going toKTVs people can casually hum or sing songs whenever theydesire

In an era where modern technologies are vigorouslydeveloping establishing a method in which to integrate vari-ous forms of entertainment with fast-growing and commonlyused mobile devices has raised considerable awareness Thisstudy combines cloud computing and a mobile device to des-ign a karaoke system that is integrated with real-time mediamerging and sharing functions thereby entertaining userswith a singing-related application service This service wasestablished based on the cloud-computing framework Theapplication program enables users to sing into their mobiledevices which simultaneously records and uploads theirvoice to the cloud server In this process the noises thatinterfere with the recording are eliminated This system alsoallows them to merge their song recordings with a musicvideo (MV) and share their personal MVs with othersOverall users can create and store their personalMVs which

can be synchronized and shared with others on the InternetThis study provides the following contributions

(1) Users can attain entertainment goals without beinglimited by time and location with their mobile phoneand Internet access Through their cloud-computing-integratedmobile device they can sing and share theircreations with other users


(3) Users canmerge their song recordings with anMV orwith a self-developed video to create personal MVs


2 Literature Review

21 Cloud Computing Cloud computing has received theattention of numerous companies and users in recent yearsBy using this technology users can store their data or appli-cation programs in cloud from which they can download orshare the stored data with others on the Internet Essentiallycloud-computing service is accessible and available onlineregardless of the time and location [1ndash4]

Cloud computing excels in calculation processing in thatit allows remote service providers to process a vast amount ofinformation within a short period of time Therefore it hasexcellent computing performance similar to that of a supercomputer Furthermore through Internet connections thistechnology facilitates the collaboration and services betweenthe service provider and its clients Currently numerouscompanies are actively adopting the cloud-computing servicetechnology for internal and external use to reduce costs andenhance the competitiveness of the given company

22 Internet Video Sharing Internet video sharing functionshave increased in popularity and are incorporated intonumerous applications For example YouTube and Vimeoare two well-known applications Previously Live Video wasonly provided by Internet service providers presently thisapplication can be personalized enabling users to instantlybroadcast videos they wish to share with others on the Inte-rnet whenever and wherever they desire It also providesaudiences with real-time services Because of this transfor-mation general citizens celebrities politicians and businesscelebrities are able to share self-produced videos and interest-ing clips in their personal and video blogs

23 Video Streaming Technology The advancement of bro-adband Internet technology has prompted users to frequentlyuse multimedia streaming services on the Internet [5ndash9]Thedevelopment of high-speed Internet has also rendered theprovision of real-time multimedia services on the Internetfeasible Users no longer need to spend prolonged periodsof time downloading an entire file or store large files in hard


Streaming server

Store database







119910 (119899) = 119904 (119899) + 119908 (119899) (1)


|119904 (119905)|2=1003816100381610038161003816119910 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus |119908 (119905)|2 (2)


|119904 (119905)|2=1003816100381610038161003816119910 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120582|119908 (119905)|2 (3)


120582 = 1205820minus3



1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120582119894

1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

(5)


120582119894=


4 minus3


119894le 20 dB

1 SNR119894ge 20 dB

(6)


119894(119905)| denotes the



signals1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 =1003816100381610038161003816119897119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 times1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

119897119894(119905) =119908119894(119905)1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 =1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 minus1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

(7)


=

1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120572 (SNR) |119908 (119905)|2 1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

gt 120573|119908 (119905)|2

120573|119908 (119905)|2 otherwise

(8)


120572 (SNR) = 1205720+ SNR1 minus 1205720

SNR119894

(9)





List ofsongs

List ofsongs

MVdatabase


Storage

Personalizevideo

Real-timesharing



(Mobile devices)

Cloud server

1

22

3

4 5

6

7

8

8 9

10

1112



















MVdatabase

Mediamerging

MV

Personalizevideo

Input voice

Eliminatenoise

Signalbuffering

Audio


2

3

3

4

4 5










Usersoriginal voice

Spectralsubtraction

Spectralsubtraction

overdose

Sound of eliminated

noise


Mediabuffer

Mediastreaming

Real-timesharing

Mediamerging1

2

3

4

5

6

Other users




























TraditionalKTV









5 Conclusion







Acknowledgment


References






















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










Streaming server

Store database







119910 (119899) = 119904 (119899) + 119908 (119899) (1)


|119904 (119905)|2=1003816100381610038161003816119910 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus |119908 (119905)|2 (2)


|119904 (119905)|2=1003816100381610038161003816119910 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120582|119908 (119905)|2 (3)


120582 = 1205820minus3



1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120582119894

1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

(5)


120582119894=


4 minus3


119894le 20 dB

1 SNR119894ge 20 dB

(6)


119894(119905)| denotes the



signals1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 =1003816100381610038161003816119897119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 times1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

119897119894(119905) =119908119894(119905)1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 =1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816 minus1003816100381610038161003816119908119894 (119905)1003816100381610038161003816

(7)


=

1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

=1003816100381610038161003816119910119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

minus 120572 (SNR) |119908 (119905)|2 1003816100381610038161003816119904119894 (119905)10038161003816100381610038162

gt 120573|119908 (119905)|2

120573|119908 (119905)|2 otherwise

(8)


120572 (SNR) = 1205720+ SNR1 minus 1205720

SNR119894

(9)





List ofsongs

List ofsongs

MVdatabase


Storage

Personalizevideo

Real-timesharing



(Mobile devices)

Cloud server

1

22

3

4 5

6

7

8

8 9

10

1112



















MVdatabase

Mediamerging

MV

Personalizevideo

Input voice

Eliminatenoise

Signalbuffering

Audio


2

3

3

4

4 5










Usersoriginal voice

Spectralsubtraction

Spectralsubtraction

overdose

Sound of eliminated

noise


Mediabuffer

Mediastreaming

Real-timesharing

Mediamerging1

2

3

4

5

6

Other users




























TraditionalKTV









5 Conclusion







Acknowledgment


References






















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










List ofsongs

List ofsongs

MVdatabase


Storage

Personalizevideo

Real-timesharing



(Mobile devices)

Cloud server

1

22

3

4 5

6

7

8

8 9

10

1112



















MVdatabase

Mediamerging

MV

Personalizevideo

Input voice

Eliminatenoise

Signalbuffering

Audio


2

3

3

4

4 5










Usersoriginal voice

Spectralsubtraction

Spectralsubtraction

overdose

Sound of eliminated

noise


Mediabuffer

Mediastreaming

Real-timesharing

Mediamerging1

2

3

4

5

6

Other users




























TraditionalKTV









5 Conclusion







Acknowledgment


References






















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










MVdatabase

Mediamerging

MV

Personalizevideo

Input voice

Eliminatenoise

Signalbuffering

Audio


2

3

3

4

4 5










Usersoriginal voice

Spectralsubtraction

Spectralsubtraction

overdose

Sound of eliminated

noise


Mediabuffer

Mediastreaming

Real-timesharing

Mediamerging1

2

3

4

5

6

Other users




























TraditionalKTV









5 Conclusion







Acknowledgment


References






















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra

































TraditionalKTV









5 Conclusion







Acknowledgment


References






















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra



















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra









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