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Research ArticleHardy-Littlewood-Sobolev Inequalities on ๐-Adic CentralMorrey Spaces
Qing Yan Wu and Zun Wei Fu
Department of Mathematics, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276005, China
Correspondence should be addressed to Zun Wei Fu; [email protected]
Received 21 October 2014; Accepted 15 December 2014
Academic Editor: Yoshihiro Sawano
Copyright ยฉ 2015 Q. Y. Wu and Z. W. Fu. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.
We establish the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities on ๐-adic central Morrey spaces. Furthermore, we obtain the ๐-centralBMO estimates for commutators of ๐-adic Riesz potential on ๐-adic central Morrey spaces.
1. Introduction
Let 0 < ๐ผ < ๐. The Riesz potential operator ๐ผ๐ผis defined by
setting, for all locally integrable functions ๐ on R๐,
๐ผ๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ) =
1
๐พ๐(๐ผ)
โซR๐
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โ๐ผ๐๐ฆ, (1)
where ๐พ๐(๐ผ) = ๐
๐/2
2๐ผ
ฮ(๐ผ/2)/ฮ((๐ โ ๐ผ)/2). It is closely relatedto the Laplacian operator of fractional degree. When ๐ > 2and ๐ผ = 2, ๐ผ
๐ผ๐ is a solution of Poisson equation โฮ๐ข =
๐. The importance of Riesz potentials is owing to the factthat they are smooth operators and have been extensivelyused in various areas such as potential analysis, harmonicanalysis, and partial differential equations. For more detailsabout Riesz potentials one can refer to [1].
This paper focuses on the Riesz potentials on ๐-adicfield. In the last 20 years, the field of ๐-adic numbers Q
๐
has been intensively used in theoretical and mathematicalphysics (cf. [2โ12]). And it has already penetrated intensivelyinto several areas of mathematics and its applications, amongwhich harmonic analysis on ๐-adic field has been drawingmore and more concern (see [13โ22] and references therein).
For a prime number ๐, the field of ๐-adic numbers Q๐
is defined as the completion of the field of rational numbersQ with respect to the non-Archimedean ๐-adic norm | โ |
๐,
which satisfies |๐ฅ|๐= 0 if and only if ๐ฅ = 0; |๐ฅ๐ฆ|
๐=
|๐ฅ|๐|๐ฆ|๐; |๐ฅ + ๐ฆ|
๐โค max{|๐ฅ|
๐, |๐ฆ|๐}. Moreover, if |๐ฅ|
๐ฬธ= |๐ฆ|๐,
then |๐ฅ ยฑ ๐ฆ|๐= max{|๐ฅ|
๐, |๐ฆ|๐}. It is well-known that Q
๐
is a typical model of non-Archimedean local fields. If anynonzero rational number ๐ฅ is represented as ๐ฅ = ๐๐พ(๐/๐),where ๐พ = ๐พ(๐ฅ) โ Z and integers ๐, ๐ are indivisible by ๐,then |๐ฅ|
๐= ๐โ๐พ.
The space Q๐๐= Q๐ร Q๐ร โ โ โ ร Q
๐consists of points
๐ฅ = (๐ฅ1, ๐ฅ2, . . . , ๐ฅ
๐), where ๐ฅ
๐โ Q๐, ๐ = 1, 2, . . . , ๐. The ๐-
adic norm onQ๐๐is
|๐ฅ|๐:= max1โค๐โค๐
๐ฅ๐
๐, ๐ฅ โ Q
๐
๐. (2)
Denote by
๐ต๐พ(๐) = {๐ฅ โ Q
๐
๐: |๐ฅ โ ๐|
๐โค ๐๐พ
} (3)
the ball of radius ๐๐พ with center at ๐ โ Q๐๐and by
๐๐พ(๐) = ๐ต
๐พ(๐) \ ๐ต
๐พโ1(๐) = {๐ฅ โ Q
๐
๐: |๐ฅ โ ๐|
๐= ๐๐พ
} (4)
the sphere of radius ๐๐พ with center at ๐ โ Q๐๐, where ๐พ โ Z. It
is clear that
๐ต๐พ(๐) = โ
๐โค๐พ
๐๐(๐) . (5)
It is well-known that Q๐๐is a classical kind of locally
compact Vilenkin groups. A locally compact Vilenkin group๐บ is a locally compact Abelian group containing a strictlydecreasing sequence of compact open subgroups {๐บ
๐}โ
๐=โโ
Hindawi Publishing CorporationJournal of Function SpacesVolume 2015, Article ID 419532, 7 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/419532
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2 Journal of Function Spaces
such that (1) โชโ๐=โโ
๐บ๐= ๐บ and โฉโ
๐=โโ๐บ๐= 0 and (2)
sup{order(๐บ๐/๐บ๐+1
: ๐ โ Z)} < โ. For several decades,parallel to the ๐-adic harmonic analysis, a development wasunder way of the harmonic analysis on locally compactVilenkin groups (cf. [23โ25] and references therein).
Since Q๐๐is a locally compact commutative group under
addition, it follows from the standard analysis that there existsa Haar measure ๐๐ฅ on Q๐
๐, which is unique up to a positive
constant factor and is translation invariant.We normalize themeasure ๐๐ฅ by the equality
โซ๐ต0(0)
๐๐ฅ =๐ต0 (0)
๐ป = 1, (6)
where |๐ธ|๐ปdenotes the Haar measure of a measurable subset
๐ธ ofQ๐๐. By simple calculation, we can obtain that
๐ต๐พ(๐)๐ป= ๐๐พ๐
,
๐๐พ(๐)๐ป= ๐๐พ๐
(1 โ ๐โ๐
)
(7)
for any ๐ โ Q๐๐. We should mention that the Haar measure
takes value in R; there also exist ๐-adic valued measures (cf.[26, 27]). For a more complete introduction to the ๐-adicfield, one can refer to [22] or [10].
On ๐-adic field, the ๐-adic Riesz potential ๐ผ๐๐ผ[22] is
defined by
๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ) =
1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซQ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โ๐ผ
๐
๐๐ฆ, (8)
where ฮ๐(๐ผ) = (1 โ ๐
๐ผโ๐
)/(1 โ ๐โ๐ผ
), ๐ผ โ C, ๐ผ ฬธ= 0. When๐ = 1, Haran [4, 28] obtained the explicit formula of Rieszpotentials onQ
๐and developed analytical potential theory on
Q๐. Taibleson [22] gave the fundamental analytic properties
of the Riesz potentials on local fields including Q๐๐, as well
as the classical Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities. Kim[18] gave a simple proof of these inequalities by using the๐-adic version of the Calderoฬn-Zygmund decompositiontechnique. Volosivets [29] investigated the boundedness forRiesz potentials on generalized Morrey spaces. Like onEuclidean spaces, using the Riesz potential with ๐ > 2 and๐ผ = 2, one can introduce the ๐-adic Laplacians [13].
In this paper, we will consider the Riesz potentials andtheir commutators with ๐-adic central BMO functions on ๐-adic central Morrey spaces. Alvarez et al. [30] studied therelationship between central BMO spaces andMorrey spaces.Furthermore, they introduced ๐-central BMO spaces andcentralMorrey spaces, respectively. In [31], we introduce their๐-adic versions.
Definition 1. Let ๐ โ R and 1 < ๐ < โ. The ๐-adic centralMorrey space ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐) is defined by
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐):= sup๐พโZ
(1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ)๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
< โ, (9)
where ๐ต๐พ= ๐ต๐พ(0).
Remark 2. It is clear that
๐ฟ๐,๐
(Q๐
๐) โ ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐
(Q๐
๐) ,
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,โ1/๐
(Q๐
๐) = ๐ฟ๐
(Q๐
๐) .
(10)
When ๐ < โ1/๐, the space ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐๐) reduces to {0}; therefore,
we can only consider the case ๐ โฅ โ1/๐. If 1 โค ๐1< ๐2< โ,
by Hoฬlderโs inequality,
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐2,๐
(Q๐
๐) โ ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐
(Q๐
๐) (11)
for ๐ โ R.
Definition 3. Let ๐ < 1/๐ and 1 < ๐ < โ. The spaceCBMO๐,๐(Q๐
๐) is defined by the condition
๐CBMO๐,๐(Q๐
๐)
:= sup๐พโZ
(1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
< โ.
(12)
Remark 4. When ๐ = 0, the space CBMO๐,๐(Q๐๐) is just
CBMO๐(Q๐๐), which is defined in [32]. If 1 โค ๐
1< ๐2< โ,
by Hoฬlderโs inequality,
CBMO๐2 ,๐ (Q๐๐) โ CBMO๐1,๐ (Q๐
๐) (13)
for ๐ โ R. By the standard proof as that inR๐, we can see that๐CBMO๐,๐(Q๐
๐)
โผ sup๐พโZ
inf๐โC(
1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
.
(14)
Remark 5. Formulas (9) and (12) yield that ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐๐) is a
Banach space continuously included in CBMO๐,๐(Q๐๐).
Herewe introduce the๐-adicweak centralMorrey spaces.
Definition 6. Let ๐ โ R and 1 < ๐ < โ. The ๐-adic weakcentral Morrey space๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐) is defined by
๐๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐)
:= sup๐พโZ
(sup๐ก>0๐ก๐{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ (๐ฅ)
> ๐ก}๐ป
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
)
1/๐
< โ,
(15)
where ๐ต๐พ= ๐ต๐พ(0).
In Section 2, we will get the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolevinequalities on ๐-adic central Morrey spaces. Namely, under
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Journal of Function Spaces 3
some conditions for indexes, ๐ผ๐๐ผis bounded from ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐) to
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐
(Q๐๐) and is also bounded from ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐
๐) to ๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐).
In Section 3, we establish the boundedness for commutatorsgenerated by ๐ผ๐
๐ผand ๐-central BMO functions on ๐-adic
central Morrey spaces.Throughout this paper the letter ๐ถ will be used to denote
various constants, and the various uses of the letter do not,however, denote the same constant.
2. Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev Inequalities
We get the following Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalitieson ๐-adic central Morrey spaces.
Theorem7. Let๐ผ be a complex numberwith 0 < Re๐ผ < ๐ andlet 1 โค ๐ < ๐/Re๐ผ, 0 < 1/๐ = 1/๐ โ Re๐ผ/๐, ๐ < โRe๐ผ/๐,and ๐ = ๐ + Re๐ผ/๐.
(i) If ๐ > 1, then ๐ผ๐๐ผis bounded from ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐) to ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐).
(ii) If ๐ = 1, then ๐ผ๐๐ผ
is bounded from ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐๐) to
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐
(Q๐๐).
In order to give the proof of this theorem, we need thefollowing result.
Lemma 8 (see [22]). Let ๐ผ be a complex number with 0 <Re๐ผ < ๐ and let 1 โค ๐ < ๐ < โ satisfy 1/๐ = 1/๐ โ Re๐ผ/๐.
(i) If ๐ โ ๐ฟ๐(Q๐๐), ๐ > 1, then
๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐๐ฟ๐(Q๐
๐)โค ๐ด๐๐
๐๐ฟ๐(Q๐
๐), (16)
where ๐ด๐๐is independent of ๐.
(ii) If ๐ โ ๐ฟ1(Q๐๐), ๐ > 0, then
{๐ฅ โ Q
๐
๐:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ)
> ๐ }๐ปโค (๐ด
๐
๐๐ฟ1(Q๐
๐)
๐ )
๐
, (17)
where ๐ด๐> 0 is independent of ๐.
Proof ofTheorem 7. Let ๐ be a function in ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐๐). For fixed
๐พ โ Z, denote ๐ต๐พ(0) by ๐ต
๐พ.
(i) If ๐ > 1, write
(1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค (1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
+ (1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
:= ๐ผ + ๐ผ๐ผ.
(18)
For ๐ผ, since 1/๐ = 1/๐ โ Re๐ผ/๐ and ๐ = ๐ + Re๐ผ/๐, byLemma 8,
๐ผ = (1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค๐ต๐พ
โ1/๐โ๐
๐ป
(โซ๐ต๐พ
๐๐๐ต๐พ
(๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐).
(19)
For ๐ผ๐ผ, we firstly give the following estimate. For ๐ฅ โ ๐ต๐พ,
by Hoฬlderโs inequality, we have
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
=
1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซ๐ต๐
๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โ๐ผ
๐
๐๐ฆ
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซ๐ต๐
๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โRe๐ผ๐
๐๐ฆ
=1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
โซ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โRe๐ผ๐
๐๐ฆ
=1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
โซ๐๐
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ (๐ฆ)
๐๐ฆ
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ)
(โซ๐ต๐
๐ (๐ฆ)๐
๐๐ฆ)
1/๐
๐ต๐1โ1/๐
๐ป
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1+๐
๐ป
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐).
(20)
The last inequality is due to the fact that ๐ < โRe๐ผ/๐.Consequently,
๐ผ๐ผ = (1
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐).
(21)
The above estimates imply that
๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐)โค ๐ถ
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐). (22)
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4 Journal of Function Spaces
(ii) If ๐ = 1, set ๐1= ๐๐๐ต๐พ
and ๐2= ๐ โ ๐
1; by Lemma 8,
we have{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐1(๐ฅ) > ๐ก}
๐ป
โค ๐ถ(
๐1๐ฟ1(Q๐
๐)
๐ก)
๐
= ๐ถ๐กโ๐
(โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) ๐๐ฅ)
๐
โค ๐ถ๐กโ๐๐ต๐พ
(1+๐)๐
๐ป
๐๐
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐๐)
= ๐ถ๐กโ๐๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
๐๐
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐๐).
(23)
On the other hand, by the same estimate as (30), we have
๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐2(๐ฅ) โค ๐ถ
๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
๐2๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐
๐). (24)
Then using Chebyshevโs inequality, we obtain
{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐2(๐ฅ) > ๐ก}
๐ปโค ๐กโ๐
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐2(๐ฅ)๐
๐๐ฅ
โค ๐ถ๐กโ๐๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
๐2๐
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐๐)
โค ๐ถ๐กโ๐๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
๐๐
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐๐).
(25)
Since๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ)
โค๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐1(๐ฅ) +๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐2(๐ฅ) , (26)
we get
{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ)
> ๐ก}๐ปโค{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐1(๐ฅ) >
๐ก
2}๐ป
+{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐2(๐ฅ) >
๐ก
2}๐ป
โค ๐ถ๐กโ๐๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
๐๐
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐๐).
(27)
Therefore,
(๐ก๐{๐ฅ โ ๐ต
๐พ:๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ)
> ๐ก}๐ป
๐ต๐พ
1+๐๐
๐ป
)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ1,๐(Q๐
๐), (28)
for any ๐ก > 0 and ๐พ โ Z. This completes the proof.
For application, we now introduce a pseudo-differentialoperator๐ท๐ผ defined by Vladimirov in [33].
The operator ๐ท๐ผ : ๐ โ ๐ท๐ผ๐ is defined as convolutionof generalized functions ๐
โ๐ผand ๐:
๐ท๐ผ
๐ = ๐โ๐ผโ ๐, ๐ผ ฬธ= โ1, (29)
where ๐๐ผ= |๐ฅ|๐ผโ1
๐/ฮ(๐ผ) and ฮ(๐ผ) = (1 โ ๐๐ผโ1)/(1 โ ๐โ๐ผ).
Let us consider the equation
๐ท๐ผ
๐ = ๐, ๐ โ E
, (30)
where E is the space of linear continuous functionals on Eand here E denotes the set of locally constant functions onQ๐. A complex-valued function ๐(๐ฅ) defined onQ
๐is called
locally constant if for any point ๐ฅ โ Q๐there exists an integer
๐(๐ฅ) โ Z such that
๐ (๐ฅ + ๐ฅ
) = ๐ (๐ฅ) ,
๐ฅ๐โค ๐๐(๐ฅ)
.
(31)
The following lemma (page 154 in [10]) gives solutions of(30).
Lemma 9. For ๐ผ > 0 any solution of (30) is expressed by theformula
๐ = ๐ทโ๐ผ
๐ + ๐ถ, (32)
where ๐ถ is an arbitrary constant; for ๐ผ < 0 a solution of (30) isunique and it is expressed by formula (32) for ๐ถ = 0.
Combining with Theorem 7, we obtain the followingregular property of the solution.
Corollary 10. Let 0 < ๐ผ < 1 and let 1 โค ๐ < 1/๐ผ, 0 < 1/๐ =1/๐ โ ๐ผ, ๐ < โ๐ผ, and ๐ = ๐ + ๐ผ. If ๐ โ E โฉ ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐), then
(i) when ๐ > 1, (30) has a solution in ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐๐),
(ii) when ๐ = 1, (30) has a solution in๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐๐).
3. Commutators of ๐-Adic Riesz Potential
In this section, we will establish the ๐-central BMO estimatesfor commutators ๐ผ๐,๐
๐ผof ๐-adic Riesz potential which is
defined by
๐ผ๐,๐
๐ผ๐ = ๐๐ผ
๐
๐ผ๐ โ ๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐) , (33)
for some suitable functions ๐.
Theorem 11. Suppose 0 < Re๐ผ < ๐, 1 < ๐1< ๐/Re๐ผ, ๐
1<
๐2< โ, and 1/๐ = 1/๐
1+ 1/๐2โ Re๐ผ/๐. Let 0 โค ๐
2< 1/๐,
๐1satisfies ๐
1< โ๐2โ Re๐ผ/๐, and ๐ = ๐
1+ ๐2+ Re๐ผ/๐. If
๐ โ ๐ถ๐ต๐๐๐2,๐2(Q๐๐), then ๐ผ๐,๐
๐ผis bounded from ๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1 ,๐1(Q๐
๐) to
๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐
(Q๐๐), and the following inequality holds:
๐ผ๐,๐
๐ผ๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐)
โค ๐ถ โ๐โ๐ถ๐ต๐๐
๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐). (34)
Before proving this theorem,we need the following result.
Lemma 12 (see [31]). Suppose that ๐ โ ๐ถ๐ต๐๐๐,๐(Q๐๐) and
๐, ๐ โ Z, ๐ โฅ 0. Then๐๐ต๐
โ ๐๐ต๐
โค ๐๐ ๐ โ ๐
โ๐โ๐ถ๐ต๐๐๐,๐(Q๐๐)max {๐ต๐
๐
๐ป
,๐ต๐๐
๐ป} .
(35)
-
Journal of Function Spaces 5
Proof of Theorem 11. Suppose that ๐ is a function in๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1(Q๐๐). For fixed ๐พ โ Z, denote ๐ต
๐พ(0) by ๐ต
๐พ. We write
(1
๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐,๐
๐ผ๐ (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค (1
๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
(๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
) (๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
+ (1
๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
(๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
) (๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
+ (1
๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ((๐ โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
+ (1
๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ((๐ โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
:= ๐ฝ1+ ๐ฝ2+ ๐ฝ3+ ๐ฝ4.
(36)
Set 1/๐ = 1/๐1โ Re๐ผ/๐; then 1/๐ = 1/๐
2+ 1/๐; by
Lemma 8 and Hoฬlderโs inequality, we have
๐ฝ1= (
1๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
(๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
) (๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค๐ต๐พ
โ1/๐
๐ป
(โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐2
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐2
โ (โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
โ1/๐+๐2
๐ป
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
โ (โซ๐ต๐พ
๐๐๐ต๐พ
(๐ฅ)
๐1
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐1
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐).
(37)
Similarly, denote 1/๐ = 1/๐1+ 1/๐
2; then 1/๐ = 1/๐ โ
Re๐ผ/๐, and by Hoฬlderโs inequality and Lemma 8, we get
๐ฝ3= (
1๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ((๐ โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐๐๐ต๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
โ1/๐
๐ป
(โซ๐ต๐พ
(๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐ (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
โ1/๐
๐ป
(โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐2
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐2
โ (โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ)๐1
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐1
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐).
(38)
To estimate ๐ฝ2and ๐ฝ
4, we firstly give the following
estimates. For ๐ฅ โ ๐ต๐พ, by Hoฬlderโs inequality, we obtain
๐ผ๐
๐ผ(๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
=
1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซ๐ต๐
๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โ๐ผ
๐
๐๐ฆ
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซ๐ต๐
๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โRe๐ผ๐
๐๐ฆ
=1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
โซ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ) ๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ)
๐๐ฆ
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1โ1/๐
1
๐ป(โซ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ)๐1
๐๐ฆ)
1/๐1
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1+๐1
๐ป
=1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
๐(๐พ+1)(๐๐
1+Re๐ผ)
1 โ ๐๐๐1+Re๐ผ
= ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐1+Re๐ผ/๐๐ป
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐),
(39)
where the penultimate โ=โ is due to the fact that ๐1+Re๐ผ/๐ <
โ๐2โค 0. Similarly,
๐ผ๐
๐ผ((๐ โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
=
1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซ๐ต๐
๐พ
(๐ (๐ฆ) โ ๐๐ต๐พ
)๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โ๐ผ
๐
๐๐ฆ
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โซ๐ต๐
๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ)
๐ฅ โ ๐ฆ๐โRe๐ผ๐
๐๐ฆ
=1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
โซ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฆ) ๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ)
๐๐ฆ
=1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1โ1/๐
1โ1/๐2
๐ป
โ (โซ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ)๐1
๐๐ฆ)
1/๐1
(โซ๐๐
๐ (๐ฆ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐2
๐๐ฆ)
1/๐2
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1โ1/๐
2+๐1
๐ป
โ (โซ๐ต๐
๐ (๐ฆ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐2
๐๐ฆ)
1/๐2
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1โ1/๐
2+๐1
๐ป
ร [(โซ๐ต๐
๐ (๐ฆ) โ ๐
๐ต๐
๐2
๐๐ฆ)
1/๐2
+๐๐ต๐
โ ๐๐ต๐พ
๐ต๐1/๐2
๐ป] .
(40)
-
6 Journal of Function Spaces
Since ๐ โฅ ๐พ + 1, by Lemma 12, we have๐๐ต๐
โ ๐๐ต๐พ
โค ๐๐
(๐ โ ๐พ) โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐ต๐๐2
๐ป. (41)
Thus๐ผ๐
๐ผ((๐ โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
โค1
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
ร
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1โ1/๐
2+๐1
๐ป
โ [๐ต๐1/๐2+๐2
๐ป+ ๐๐
(๐ โ ๐พ)๐ต๐1/๐2+๐2
๐ป]
โค๐ถ
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
(๐ โ ๐พ) ๐โ๐(๐โRe๐ผ) ๐ต๐
1+๐1+๐2
๐ป
โค๐ถ
ฮ๐(๐ผ)
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ
โ
๐=๐พ+1
(๐ โ ๐พ) ๐๐๐๐
= ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐).
(42)
Now by (39) and Hoฬlderโs inequality, we obtain
๐ฝ2= (
1๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
(๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
) (๐ผ๐
๐ผ๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐1+Re๐ผ/๐โ1/๐๐ป
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ (โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐1+Re๐ผ/๐โ1/๐
2
๐ป
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐)
โ (โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ (๐ฅ) โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
๐2
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐2
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐).
(43)
It follows from (42) that
๐ฝ4= (
1๐ต๐พ
๐ป
โซ๐ต๐พ
๐ผ๐
๐ผ((๐ โ ๐
๐ต๐พ
)๐๐๐ต๐
๐พ
) (๐ฅ)
๐
๐๐ฅ)
1/๐
โค ๐ถ๐ต๐พ
๐
๐ป
โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐).
(44)
The above estimates imply that๐ผ๐,๐
๐ผ๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐,๐(Q๐
๐)
โค ๐ถ โ๐โCBMO๐2,๐2 (Q๐๐)
๐๏ฟฝฬ๏ฟฝ๐1,๐1 (Q๐
๐). (45)
This completes the proof of the theorem.
Remark 13. Since ๐-adic field is a kind of locally com-pact Vilenkin groups, we can further consider the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities on such groups, which ismore complicated and will appear elsewhere.
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interestsregarding the publication of this paper.
Acknowledgments
This work was partially supported by NSF of China (Grantnos. 11271175, 11171345, and 11301248) and AMEP (DYSP)of Linyi University and Macao Science and TechnologyDevelopment Fund, MSAR (Ref. 018/2014/A1).
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