research article the sustainable island...

Hindawi Publishing CorporationAbstract and Applied AnalysisVolume 2013 Article ID 631717 10 pageshttpdxdoiorg1011552013631717

Research ArticleThe Sustainable Island Development Evaluation Model andIts Application Based on the Nonstructural Decision Fuzzy Set

Quanming Wang12 Peiying Li13 and Qinbang Sun2

1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdo 266003 China2National Marine Environment Monitoring Center Dalian 116023 China3The First Institute of Oceanography SOA Qingdao 266061 China

Correspondence should be addressed to Quanming Wang qmwangnmemcgovcn

Received 27 February 2013 Accepted 7 April 2013

Academic Editor Fuding Xie

Copyright copy 2013 Quanming Wang et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properlycited

Due to the complexity and diversity of the issue of sustainable island development no widely accepted and applicable evaluationsystem model regarding the issue currently exists In this paper we discuss and establish the sustainable development indicatorsystem and themodel approach from the perspective of resources the island environment the island development status the islandsocial development and the island intelligence development We reference the sustainable development theory and the sustainabledevelopment indicator system method concerning land region combine the character of the sustainable island developmentanalyze and evaluate the extent of the sustainable island development orient development and identify the key and limited factorsof sustainable island development capability This research adopts the entropy method and the nonstructural decision fuzzy settheory model to determine the weight of the evaluating indicators Changhai County was selected as the subject of the researchwhich consisted of a quantitative study of its sustainable development status from 2001 to 2008 to identify the key factors influencingits sustainability development existing problems and limited factors and to provide basic technical support for ocean developmentplanning and economic development planning

1 Introduction

In recent years the overdevelopment of and random con-struction on numerous islands has directly influenced thenatural environment and the ecological balance of the islandswhich has resulted in environmental deterioration andresource reduction and has even had catastrophic effects onthe ecological environment of the islands [1] Therefore thequantitative description and evaluation of the extent of sus-tainable island development and the development orienta-tion and restrictive factors are important for formulatingisland development strategy and developing future islandeconomies [2]

Extensive research on sustainable development has beenconducted at home and abroad and many evaluation indexsystems and evaluation models related to sustainable devel-opment have been established such as the ecological foot-print model (EF) [3 4] green GDP accounting system [5]

resource carrying capacity model [6] and human develop-ment index (HDI) model [7] But so far because of thecomplexity and diversity of sustainable island development[2 8ndash14] no generally accepted and applicable evaluationindex system for sustainable island development has beenestablished This study has referred to the references aboutbasic sustainable development theory [15ndash18] and the con-cept of a sustainable development index system [1 2 19ndash21] selected indexes from the point of view of the sur-vival resource support ecological environmental supporteconomic development support and social and intellectualsupport [22] and established the evaluation index systemand the evaluationmodel for sustainable island developmentIn addition for multipurpose evaluation and decision therationality of the setting weights is emphasis and difficulty ofevaluation and decision The key of multipurpose evaluationand decision all the time is to improve the rationality ofweight setting to avoid arbitraries While analyzing the AHP

2 Abstract and Applied Analysis

Structure of the sustainabledevelopment system

Human-nature relationship Human-human relationship

(Coordinated) (Harmonious)

Ecologicalenvironment

system

Economicdevelopment

system

Socialand

intellectualsystem

Structure of the sustainable development capability

Regionalcarryingcapacity

Economiccompetitiveness

Environmentalbuffer

capacity

Socialstability

Managerialregulationcapacity

Resourcesupportsystem

Figure 1 The framework of the sustainable development evaluation system

model Professor Chen Shouyu [23] made a binary compari-son of the properties of elements by comparing their impor-tance Subsequently with certain defects the nonstructuraldecision-making fuzzy theory model has been offered Thenonstructural decision fuzzy set has been widely used inthe evaluation of water resources carrying capacity [24] andthe coordinated development of marine resources [25] andprovides a scientific and reasonable decision method for therationality of the subjective weight setting The syntheticevaluation criterion weight was determined by combiningthe entropy weight and the nonstructural decision fuzzy settheorymodel in this paperThis paper analyzed and evaluatedthe extent of island sustainable development developmentorientation and restrictive factors to provide relevant the-oretical support for the reasonable utilization and effectiveprotection of island resources

2 Materials and Methods

21 Sustainable Development Evaluation Model for Islands

211 Evaluation Index System Framework The framework isthe brief summary for the evaluation object and the frame-workmodel can be used to define the boundary compositionand structure of the evaluation object to describe the corre-lations and interacting mechanisms of the subsystems andto help the evaluator select and organize a series of problems[26] The integration of population resources environmentdevelopment and management decision-making is the coreof sustainable development strategy and is also the key tocoordinating human-nature relationships and interpersonal

relationships (Figure 1) The coordination and sustainabilityof island development is the basic principle and core conno-tation for island sustainable development [8]

This research evaluated the sustainable island develop-ment potential from the viewof the survival resource supportecological environmental support economic developmentsupport and social and intellectual support The survivalresource support system is the basic condition for sustainableisland development the ecological environment system isthe restrictive condition for sustainable island developmentthe economic development support system is the impetuscondition for sustainable island development the social andintellectual support system is the assuring and continuingcondition for island sustainable development [27]

212 Evaluation Indexes of Sustainable Island DevelopmentThe index is themeasurement of specific attributes of sustain-able island development and the subsystems which is furtherabstracted from the framework model and is a furtherdecomposition of the overall goal and subgoals of sustainabledevelopment This research has referred to such factors asisland survival resources survival sustainability island devel-opment cost level of environmental control and protectionlevel of ecological development level of social developmenteducational science technology andmanagement ability Bycombining the selection principle of the sustainable devel-opment evaluation index with the extent of collecting dataabout sustainable island development this paper adopted theprincipal component analysis method frequency statisticalmethod theoretical analysis method and the Delphi methodto establish three layers of the index system of sustainable

Abstract and Applied Analysis 3

island development the overall layer (A) the system layer(B) and the index layer (C Figure 2) The evaluation systemof sustainable island development selected 27 indexes tocompletely express the level the capability behavior reasonand the impetus of change of sustainable island developmentand attempted to conduct a quantitative evaluation of thesustainable development conditions for the comprehensiveisland Furthermore this evaluation system is also significa-tive and instructive in some extent to provide a reference forthe development evaluations of the nonresident islands

22 The Weight of the Evaluation Index The determinationof weight is the crucial problem for the variety of evaluationand decision-making and the rationality of theweight settingdirectly affects the accuracy of the evaluation results Conse-quently avoiding artificial randomness to the greatest extentandobtaining a rationalweight setting are very important anddifficult for multiobjective evaluation and decision-making

221 Determination of Objective Weight The entropymethod [28] is a relatively objective weighting method Thismethod completely relies on the relations of the assessmentindictor data and forms a judgment matrix to calculate theentropy to determine the weight of each index Thus thedetermination of the index weight is objective and the spe-cific calculation steps are as follows

Entropy of the assessment index 119894

119867119894= minus

1

ln 119899

119899

sum

119895=1

119891119894119895ln119891119894119895 (1)

among which

119891119894119895=

1 + 119887119894119895

sum119898

119895=1(1 + 119887

119894119895)

119894 = 1 2 119898 119895 = 1 2 119899 0 le 119867119894lt 1

(2)

Consequently the entropyweight of the assessment indexis

119908lowast

119894=

1 minus 119867119894

119898 minus sum119899

119894=1119867119894

(3)

If 119867119894rarr 1 (119894 = 1 2 119898) of the index the small

changes of the entropy may lead to the changes in the weightof the indexes exponentially Hence it is very unreasonableReferring to Zhou et al [28] the following improvements offormula (3) were made

119908lowast1015840

119894=

sum119899

119894=1119867119894+ 1 minus 2119867

119894

sum119899

119894=1(sum119899

119894=1119867119894+ 1 minus 2119867

119894) (4)

222 Experience Weight by the Nonstructural Decision-Making Fuzzy Model While analyzing the AHP modelProfessor Chen Shouyu [23] made a binary comparison ofthe properties of elements by comparing their importanceSubsequently with certain defects a nonstructural decision-making fuzzy theory model has been offered The specificcalculation steps are as follows

Set the following target set which is about to compare theimportance

119875 = 1199011 1199012 119901

119898 (5)

119901119894is the target number 119894 of this target set 119894 = 1 2 119898

119898 is the total number of the target set Conduct the binarycomparison between 119901

119896and 119901

119897 If

(1) 119901119896is more important than 119901

119897 the sort scale 119890

119896119897= 1

and 119890119897119896= 0

(2) 119901119896and 119901

119897is of equal importance 119890

119896119897= 05 and also

119890119897119896= 05

(3) 119901119897ismore important than119901

119896 then 119890

119896119897= 0 and 119890

119897119896= 1

119896 = 1 2 119898 119897 = 1 2 119898

And obtain the following binary comparison matrix oftarget set concerning the importance

E = (

1198901111989012sdot sdot sdot 1198901119898

1198902111989022sdot sdot sdot 1198902119898

11989011989811198901198982sdot sdot sdot 119890119898119898

) = (119890119896119897) (6)

which meets

(1) the value of 119890119896119897can be set only from 0 05 1

(2) 119890119896119897+ 119890119897119896= 1

(3) 119890119896119896= 119890119897119897= 05 119896 = 119897

According to the descending sequence of the sum of each rowin the binary comparison matrix the order of importanceof the target can be obtained under the circumstance ofconsistency

Next the targets are compared with each other in termsof the order of importance according to Table 1 and we getthe binary comparison matrix

120573 = (

1205731112057312sdot sdot sdot 120573

1119898

1205732112057322sdot sdot sdot 120573

2119898

12057311989811205731198982sdot sdot sdot 120573119898119898

) = (120573119894119895) (7)

which meets

0 le 120573119894119895le 1 119894 = 119895

120573119894119895+ 120573119895119894= 1

120573119894119895= 05 119894 = 119895

(8)

In this matrix 120573119894119895is the fuzzy scale of the importance of the

target 119894 for 119895 when the target 119894 compares with 119895 in terms ofimportance 120573

119895119894is the fuzzy scale of the importance of the

target 119895 for 119894 Then sum the fuzzy scale value 120573119904119905of each row


Grain output C2 (0109)

Fishery total production value C4 (01938)

Fresh water resources C5 (01403)

Annual tourism revenue C6 (01301)

Marine aquaculture production C1 (01657)

Marine catching output C3 (01301)

Annual sea freight transport volume C7 (01301)

The comprehensive index of air pollution C9 (01195)

Industrial solid waste utilization rate C11 (01114)

Industrial waste gas disposal rate C12 (01074)

Forest coverage rate C13 (01187)

The comprehensive index of water quality in the nearshore of island C8 (03161)

Industrial waste water treatment rate C10 ( 01469)

Per capita GDP C15 (01846)

The total amount of consumable retail C17 (01628)

The proportion of tertiary industry in GDP C18 (01719)

Social labor productivity C19 (01846)

Actual utilized amount of foreign capita C14 (01333)

Fixed asset investment amount C16 (01628)

Natural growth rate of population C20 (01359)

Per capita income level C21 (01508)

Percentage of science operating expenses and the ldquothree-itemexpenditurerdquo in financial expenditures C23 (01508)

Call popularity rate C25 (01029)

Number of teachers C26 (01029)

Number of students in primary and secondary school C27 (01029)

Per capita education expenditure C22 (01508)

Number of doctors C24 (01030)

Overall layer (A) System layer (B) Index layer (C)

The c

ompr

ehen

sive a

bilit

y of

sust

aina

ble i

sland

dev

elopm

ent (

A)

Soci

al an

d in

telle

ctua

l sup

port

ing

syste

m B

4 (0

275

)Ec

onom

ic d

evelo

pmen

t sup

port

ing

syste

m B

3 (0

225

)Su

rviv

al re

sour

ce su

ppor

ting

syste

m B

1 (0

275

)Ec

olog

ical

envi

ronm

ent s

uppo

rtin

gsy

stem

B2

(02

25)

Figure 2 The evaluation index system of sustainable island development


Table 1 The table of the relationship between fuzzy tone factor andfuzzy scale

Fuzzy tone factor Fuzzy scale

Equal 0500525

Slightly 0550575

Somewhat 0600625

Rather 0650675

Obviously 0700725

Remarkably 0750775

Very 0800825

Extra 0850875

Exceedingly 0900925

Extremely 0950975

Incomparable 10

in the matrix 120573 and further normalize to get the followingweight vector of the target set

w = (11990811199082sdot sdot sdot 119908

119898) =

(1

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

(1 minus 12057312) 12057312

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

sdot sdot sdot

(1 minus 1205731119898) 1205731119898

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

)

(9)

223 Comprehensive Weight The comprehensive weight ofevaluation indexes is as follows

119908119894=

(1199081

119894sdot 1199082

119894)

sum119898

119894=11199081

1198941199082

119894

(10)

1198821198941

is the objective weight of 119894 index determined byentropymethod119908

1198942is the experience weight of 119894 index deter-

mined by the nonstructural decision-making fuzzy model

23 Calculation of the Synthetic Index The synthetic index ofsustainable island development is got by weighted summingup of the index coefficients of sustainable island development

at the base of the normalization of index data and the formulais as follows

119868 =

119899

sum

119894=1

(119882119894lowast 119880119894)

119880119894=

119899

sum

119895=1

(119882119895lowast 119881119894)

(11)

119882119894is the weight of supporting systems of sustainable

island development sum119899119894=1119882119894= 1 119880

119894is the assessment

index value of the supporting systems 119882119895is the weight of

the assessment indexes of sustainable island developmentsum119899

119895=1119882119895= 1 119881

119894is the standardized value of the assessment

indexes of sustainable island development Considering thefeatures and relevant studies [14 18 20 29 30] of sustainableisland development the synthetic index of sustainable islanddevelopment can be divided into 5 levels 119868 ge 08 representsan excellent condition of sustainable development 07 le 119868 lt08 represents a good condition of sustainable development05 le 119868 lt 07 represents a moderate condition of sustainabledevelopment 04 le 119868 lt 05 presents a weak condition ofsustainable development 119868 lt 04 represents a very weakcondition of sustainable development

3 Results and Discussion

31 Overview of the Study Area The relatively ideal condi-tion for demonstrating the assessment of sustainable islanddevelopment is to take a certain island as a research sampleHowever considering the difficulties in acquiring island dataand the significant role of the country island in the imple-mentation of the management of the marine environmentmarine resources maritime rights and interests this paperselected counties with more comprehensive information asthe basic statistic unit of sustainable island developmentand Changhai County of China is selected as the sample ofsustainable island development assessment

Located in the northern Yellow Sea on the east ofLiaodong Peninsula of Liaoning Province of China ChanghaiCounty is the only county in northeast China with territoryconsisting of islands and it is also the only island countyin the Chinese boundary (Figure 3) Covering a total islandarea of 119 square kilometers and with a coastal line of 359kilometers and a maritime space of 7720 square kilometersChanghai County is primarily engaged in fisheries and it isalso the most developed island area in Liaoning ProvinceChanghai County governs two towns of Dachangshan Islandand Zhangzi Island three townships of XiaochangshanGuanglu andHaiyang 23 administrative villages and 7 com-munities with its county government located in the townof Dachangshan Island By the end of 2008 the county had26232 registered households with a population of 74010among which 41771 people lived in towns and townships

ChanghaiCounty ofChina is a typical example ofChineseisland development displaying the striking features of islanddevelopment in terms of strategic value economic andresource values ecological and environmental values as wellas social and cultural values However due to its incomplete


Figure 3 Geographical location map of Changhai County of China

infrastructure with the economic development of the islandthe resources of Changhai County are consumed rapidly andthe contradictions among economic system environmentalsystem and ecological system become increasingly sharpduring the process of economic development which hasrestricted the development of Changhai and made the eco-nomic development of Changhai County rank in a relativelybackward position among the 12 island counties of ChinaTherefore it is of particular importance to research the sus-tainable development system of Changhai

32 Sources of Data The index data are primarily from sta-tistical yearbooks of Changhai County (2001ndash2008) the envi-ronmental quality reports of Changhai County (2001ndash2005)the annual environmental monitoring reports of ChanghaiCounty (2006-2007) the statistical annuls of the economyand the social development ofChanghaiCounty (2001ndash2008)Amajority of the index data can be obtained directly from thestatistical annuals and a minority of the data was acquiredthrough calculation

33 The Calculation of Index Weight and the Synthetic IndexThe following paragraph explains the detailed process ofdetermining the synthetic index by assigning the following6 index weights the comprehensive index of seawater qualityindex of island environmental supporting system layer (119862

8)

the comprehensive index of air pollution (1198629) industrial

waste water treatment rate (11986210) industrial solid waste utili-

zation rate (11986211) industrial waste gas disposal rate (119862

12) and

forest coverage rate (11986213)

Wedetermined and standardized the index statistical datamatrix of Changhai County from 2001 to 2007 The stand-ardized matrix is as follows

119861 =

[[[[[[[

[

1 04043 sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot 1 1



sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot sdot



]]]]]]]

]

(12)

Following the entropy weight solution procedure we canobtain the 6 index weights

1199081015840

1= (07078 05182 04901 03717 03583 03339) (13)

Normalizing the entropy weight of the index we get theobjective weight of the indexes

1199081= (02546 01864 01763 01337 01289 01201) (14)

According to the theorem of the order of importance thefollowingmatrix119864 the scale of the order of importance of thesix indexes can be obtained

119864 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 05 1 1 1

0 05 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 05 0

0 0 0 1 1 05

0 0 0 05 1 0

]]]]]]]

]

ACBEFD

(15)

According to the order of importance matrix 119864 basedon the consideration of expert opinions and references tonumerous studies in the literature we conclude that 119862

8is

slightlymore important than1198629 is obviouslymore important

than 11986210 11986211 and 119862

12 and is slightly more important than

11986213 Compared with 119862

10 11986211 and 119862

12 1198629is in between

slightly more important and relatively more important andis equally important with 119862

13 11986210is equally important with

11986211and119862

12 compared with119862

1011986213is between slightly more

important and relatively more important According to thecorresponding relation between fuzzy tone factors and fuzzyscale values in Table 1 a two-dimensional comparisonmatrix120573 with 6 targets can be determined as follows

120573 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 06 07 07 07 06

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

]]]]]]]

]

(16)


1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support

Economic development

Year

Ecological environmental

Social and intellectual

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability

protection capability

support capability

Figure 4 The comprehensive index of supporting systems

The sum of the fuzzy scale values can be used to show theweight vector of the index as follows

119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)

Normalizing the fuzzy scale values matrix we obtain theweights of 6 indexes of the island resources support system

1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)

According to formula (10) we can combine the fore-mentioned mathematical weights with the experience weightby the nonstructural decision-making fuzzymodel and even-tually obtain the comprehensive weights of 6 indexes

119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)

Because the calculation method of the weights of otherlayers is the same as this this paper omitted the detailsand directly showed the weight results of sustainable islanddevelopment support system which is shown in Figure 2

The synthetic evaluation indexes of the sustainable devel-opment systems of Changhai County are shown in Figure 4Figure 5 and Table 2

34 The Analysis of Results During the period from 2001 to2008 the comprehensive sustainable development capabilityof Changhai County improved continuously and steadilywith its value (119860) increasing to 067 in 2008 from 031 in 2001which indicates that the comprehensive strength of sustain-able development had doubled By 2008 the comprehensivesustainable development capability of Changhai County hadreached the middle development level (067) and ChanghaiCounty had achieved significant development in economicsocial scientific and educational levels

In the evaluation system of sustainable development ofChanghai County the ecological environmental protectionsystem is of the highest realization degree in sustainabledevelopment whereas the survival resource system and the

10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex

Figure 5 The comprehensive capability index of sustainable devel-opment (2001ndash2008)

social and intellectual support system are of a relatively lowrealization degree The low sustainable development cap-ability of the survival resource system and the social intellec-tual support system is the primary reason why the compre-hensive sustainable development level of Changhai Countyis in the middle which limits the improvement of the com-prehensive sustainable development capability

The survival resource support ability of Changhai Countyis at a weaker level of sustainable development during theperiod from 2001 to 2008 with the trend of slow risingWithin the period all indexes of the survival resourcesupport system are at lower levels except for per capitaamount of aquatic products Althoughper capitawater supplycapacity which is among these indexes becomes stronger andstronger the maximum amount of per capita water supplycapacity is 338 cubic meters per person which owns only25 of the national average and 734 lower than the averagelevel of Liaoning Province The power supply capacity ofChanghai County is strengthening and the capacity in 2011(14971 kwh per person) grows three times as much as thatof 2001 strengthening the power resource supply ability ofsustainable development of Changhai County However thebase number of per capita power supply capacity is low onlyowning 32 of the average of Dalian (in Dalian the amountof per capita power supply is 46858 kwh per person) Withinthe period the area of per capita marine area lasts between95 hm2 and 105 hm2 which are among the intermediate andadvanced levels This indicates that marine areas coastlinesbeaches and other resources are well protected and theutilization of marine area is quite efficient which ensuresthe sustainable development of Changhai County marineislands The yield of agricultural products in Changhai isquite low with the per capita yield only 10255 kg at mostand 75 lower than the average level of China and LiaoningProvinceThe grain supply mainly depends on mainland butthe grain sources andmarine transport are restricted bymanycircumstances Thus the gross supply capacity of ChanghaiCounty is very vulnerableThe fishery of Changhai County isone of the competitive industries all the time which has beenproved that during the period the per capita aquatic product


Table 2 The synthetic evaluation indexes of sustainable development systems of Changhai county

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Resource support capability 031 022 024 040 049 058 050 062Ecological environmental protection capability 047 054 066 062 073 055 071 075Economic development capability 011 035 039 033 047 062 072 070Social and intellectual support capability 037 038 053 065 063 059 056 063Comprehensive capability of sustainabledevelopment 031 036 045 049 057 059 062 067

yield is rising and the yield in 2011 is 23 times as much asthat in 2001 which ranks the second in the list of Chinarsquos 12island countiesThefishery development ofChanghai Countyhas been in the forefront of the nation which promotes thesustainable development of Changhai County to some extentThe cargo throughput of the ports of Changhai County is atlow level and the maximum amount of marine transport in2011 is 179 million tons which ranks the tenth in the list ofChinarsquos 12 island counties That is to say the port resourcesare not thoroughly utilized In conclusion although many ofthe indexes of survival resource support ability of ChanghaiCounty are rising the maximum value of each index remainsat the low level showing that the resource support capacity ofsustainable development is quite poor

The ecological environmental support capacity of Chang-hai County is at a stronger level during the period from 2001to 2008 During the period the average for many years ofseawaterwater quality comprehensive index of inshore regionof Changhai County is 209 and that of drinking water inland is 141 In this case the quality of both marine water anddrinking water has reached higher criterion The per capitapublic grassland area of Changhai County is rising from 7square meters per person in 2001 to 1043 square meters perperson in 2011 by 49This indicates that Changhai County ispaying more and more attention to ecological environmentMarine disaster has become the main natural disaster whichbrings about that the loss disasters can directly affect thelevel of sustainable development The proportion of the lossof marine disasters in GDP goes up and such proportion in2011 is 166 This indicates that Changhai County is weakin handling marine disasters In conclusion although theecological environmental support ability of Changhai Countyis generally at a higher level it is quite poor for ChanghaiCounty in overcoming natural disastersTherefore it is highlysuggested that the government should improve the marinedisaster forecast and prevention

Among 4 support systems of sustainable development ofChanghai County the economic development support sys-tem has the most rapid growthThe sustainable developmentindex reached 070 in 2008 indicating the middle sustainabledevelopment levelThe success of the economic developmentsupport system is closely related to the development strategyof constructing the ldquoLiaoning at Seardquo and ldquoDalian at Seardquodemonstration area projects and to prosperous fisheriesindustries and tourism which have been implemented byChanghai County in recent years Social labor productivity

investment in fixed assets and total sales of consumer goodshave increased greatly In 2008 Changhai County realized agross regional product (GRP large-caliber) of 346346 mil-lion Yuan and GRP per capita reached 46729 Yuan (Sta-tistical Bureau of Changhai County in China (2001ndash2008))which indicates that Changhai County ranked among thetop national counties for marine economy However similarto most island counties a natural traffic obstacle existsbetween Changhai County and the outside due to its uniquegeographic location and resource features The traffic con-struction between islands and between land and the islands isslow andmeteorological conditions greatly influence the flowof people and logistics having become one of the importantfactors limiting the economic development of ChanghaiCounty Furthermore the economic structure of ChanghaiCounty is singular with the primary industry focusing onfishery In 2008 the proportion of the three industries (pri-mary industry secondary industry and tertiary industry) inChanghai County was 742 139 119 and the contributionrate of the primary industry to economic growth reached90 So Changhai County needs to change the existing fish-ery-focused economic development mode accelerate theeconomic restructuring and promote the overall optimiza-tion and upgrading of three industries

Among 4 support systems of the sustainable developmentof Changhai County the social and intellectual supportsystem shows the slowest growth As observed from the inter-nal realization indexes of sustainable development the pro-portion of educational expenditure per capita expenditure onscience and three items of expenditure on science and tech-nology in financial expenditure as well as the number ofteachers the number of enrolled students in primary andmiddle schools and other intellectual support factors greatlyinfluence the realization of sustainable development of thesocial and intellectual support system During the periodfrom 2001 to 2008 the income per capita of Changhaiincreased continuously and steadily increasing to 17256Yuanin 2008 from 5399 Yuan in 2001 an increase of 219However the increase in the investment in educational fundsper capita was not high From 2001 to 2007 the investmentsin educational funds per capita were 336 Yuan 340 Yuan 390Yuan 430 Yuan 617 Yuan 517 Yuan and 693 Yuan respec-tively the proportion of expenditure on science and threeitems of expenditure on science and technology in financialexpenditure was approximately 1 (Statistical Bureau ofChanghai County in China (2001ndash2008)) The insufficient


investment in education and scientific research and ldquohav-ing difficulty in attracting and retaining talentsrdquo are stillproblems restricting the development of Changhai CountyConsequently it is necessary for Changhai County to provideflexible employment mechanisms establish a sound talenttraining system increase investment in education and scient-ific research and stabilize a talent team to enhance sustain-able development

4 Conclusion

Islands are an important part of Chinese territory and arealso important bases for ocean development The sustainableisland development relates to the sustainable developmentof the ocean and even the national economic system [31]This paper (1) selected indexes in terms of survival resourcesupport ecological environmental support economic devel-opment support and social and intellectual support (2)established the evaluation index system and evaluationmodelof sustainable island development (3) analyzed and evalu-ated the sustainable island development level developmentorientation and restrictive factors (4) combined the entropymethod with the nonstructural decision-making fuzzy settheory model to determine the weight of the evaluationindexes of sustainable island development (5) took ChanghaiCounty of China as an evaluation example of sustainableisland development and (6) conducted quantitative researchon the sustainable development conditions of the countyTheresults showed that the comprehensive sustainable develop-ment capability of Changhai County improved continuouslyThe sustainable development index increased to 067 in 2008from 031 in 2001 reaching the middle development levelAmong the support systems for the sustainable developmentof Changhai County the ecological environmental systemhas been most fully realized in sustainable developmentwhereas the survival resource system and the social andintellectual support system are of a relatively low realizationdegreeThe primary reason why the sustainable developmentof Changhai County is in the middle level is that the countyhas relatively few survival resources per capita poor survivalsustainability a relatively low educational level and lowtechnological and management capability which limit theimprovement of the comprehensive sustainable developmentcapability The survival sustainability level and island envi-ronmental and protection level are important factors in deter-mining the sustainable development capability whereas freshwater resources mariculture the extent of tertiary industrydevelopment educational investment and the state of sci-entific research are restrictive factors influencing sustainabledevelopment Therefore Changhai County should properlyenhance the infrastructure construction and increase theinvestment in education and scientific research to promotethe improvement of the comprehensive sustainable develop-ment capability Furthermore in the process of islanddevelopment and construction Changhai County shouldenhance the protection of the resources and the environ-ment reasonably develop and utilize island resources andtruly promote the construction and development of theisland

Acknowledgment

Foundation item under the auspices of 908 special fundof the State Oceanic Administration the offshore marineenvironment quality evaluation of Liaoning province (LN-908-02-04)

References

[1] L Sun J Ni and A G Borthwick ldquoRapid assessment of sus-tainability in Mainland Chinardquo Journal of Environmental Man-agement vol 91 no 4 pp 1021ndash1031 2010

[2] J Li andGCWang ldquoEstablishment and discussion of appraise-ment indicators system of islands stainable developmentrdquoMarine Environmental Science vol 23 no 1 pp 54ndash57 2004(Chinese)

[3] I Moffatt ldquoEcological footprints and sustainable developmentrdquoEcological Economics vol 32 no 3 pp 359ndash362 2000

[4] B Du K Zhang G Song and Z Wen ldquoMethodology for anurban ecological footprint to evaluate sustainable developmentin Chinardquo International Journal of Sustainable Development andWorld Ecology vol 13 no 4 pp 245ndash254 2006

[5] C Yang and J P H Poon ldquoA regional analysis of Chinarsquos greenGDPrdquo Eurasian Geography and Economics vol 50 no 5 pp547ndash563 2009

[6] Q Di Z Han G Liu and H Chang ldquoCarrying capacity ofmarine region in Liaoning Provincerdquo Chinese Geographical Sci-ence vol 17 no 3 pp 229ndash235 2007

[7] D J Chen P Li J Du L Liu and X Xu ldquoThe evaluation of sus-tainable development based on ecological footprint and humandevelopment indexmdasha case of marine fishery resources uti-lization in chinardquo Science and Society no 5 pp 96ndash103 2006(Chinese)

[8] J W Rogers ldquoSustainable development patterns the Chesa-peake Bay regionrdquo Water Science and Technology vol 26 no12 pp 2711ndash2721 1992

[9] M D Griffith and J Ashe ldquoSustainable development of coastaland marine areas in small island developing states a basis forintegrated coastal managementrdquo Ocean and Coastal Manage-ment vol 21 no 1ndash3 pp 269ndash284 1993

[10] M D Griffith ldquoReflections on the implementation of the pro-gramme of action on the sustainable development of smallisland developing states (SIDS)rdquo Ocean and Coastal Manage-ment vol 29 no 1ndash3 pp 139ndash163 1995

[11] K C Tran ldquoPublic perception of development issues publicawareness can contribute to sustainable development of a smallislandrdquo Ocean and Coastal Management vol 49 no 5-6 pp367ndash383 2006

[12] T B Ramos S Caeiro C H Douglas and C OchiengldquoEnvironmental and sustainability impact assessment in smallislands the case of Azores and Madeirardquo International Journalof Environmental Technology andManagement vol 10 no 2 pp223ndash240 2009

[13] J Forster I R Lake A R Watkinson and J A Gill ldquoMarinebiodiversity in the CaribbeanUK overseas territories perceivedthreats and constraints to environmental managementrdquoMarinePolicy vol 35 no 5 pp 647ndash657 2011

[14] X Ni Y Q Wu J Wu J Lu and P C Wilson ldquoScenario ana-lysis for sustainable development of Chongming Island waterresources sustainabilityrdquo Science of the Total Environment vol439 no 15 pp 129ndash135 2012


[15] S Avdimiotis ldquoNecessity of the early warnings system for thedevelopment of new sustainable forms of tourism The case ofChios island North Aegeanrdquo Journal of Environmental Protec-tion and Ecology vol 9 no 2 pp 431ndash435 2008

[16] M Fortuny R Soler C Canovas and A Sanchez ldquoTechnicalapproach for a sustainable tourism development Case study inthe Balearic Islandsrdquo Journal of Cleaner Production vol 16 no7 pp 860ndash869 2008

[17] R Ciegis J Ramanauskiene and B Martinkus ldquoThe conceptof sustainable development and its use for sustainability scenar-iosrdquo Engineering Economics vol 2 no 62 pp 28ndash37 2009

[18] B Melnikas ldquoSustainable development and creation of theknowledge economy the new theoretical approachrdquo Technolog-ical and Economic Development of Economy vol 16 no 3 pp516ndash540 2010

[19] A Barrera-Roldan and A Saldıvar-Valdes ldquoProposal and appli-cation of a sustainable development indexrdquo Ecological Indica-tors vol 2 no 3 pp 251ndash256 2002

[20] M Golusin and O Munitlak Ivanovic ldquoDefinition character-istics and state of the indicators of sustainable development incountries of Southeastern Europerdquo Agriculture Ecosystems andEnvironment vol 130 no 1-2 pp 67ndash74 2009

[21] D Karahasanovic A Avdic and M Cinjarevic ldquoImproving ofsustainable development indicator with special focus on tran-sition countriesrdquo Technics Technologies Education Managementvol 5 no 4 pp 760ndash772 2010

[22] A Vallega ldquoThe role of culture in island sustainable develop-mentrdquoOcean andCoastalManagement vol 50 no 5-6 pp 279ndash300 2007

[23] S Y ChenThe Variable Fuzzy Sets Theory Model and Its Appli-cation Dalian University of Technology Press Dalian China2009

[24] S Y Chen and JMHu ldquoVariable fuzzy assessmentmethod andits application in assessing water resources carrying capacityrdquoJournal ofHydraulic Engineering vol 37 no 3 pp 264ndash277 2006(Chinese)

[25] M Gai and L Zhou ldquoA study of the coordinated developmentof marine resources environment and economy of LiaoningProvince using a variable fuzzy recognition modelrdquo ResourcesScience vol 33 no 2 pp 356ndash363 2011 (Chinese)

[26] A van Zeijl-Rozema R Corvers R Kemp and P MartensldquoGovernance for sustainable development a frameworkrdquo Sus-tainable Development vol 6 no 16 pp 410ndash421 2008

[27] W Y Niu and Y X LuOverview of Chinarsquos Sustainable Develop-ment Science Press Beijing China 2007

[28] H C Zhou G H Zhang and G L Wang ldquoMulti-objectivedecision making approach based on entropy weights for reser-voir flood control operationrdquo Journal of Hydraulic Engineeringvol 38 no 1 pp 100ndash106 2007 (Chinese)

[29] D F Ye ldquoRelativity and sustainable developmentrdquo Chinese Geo-graphical Science vol 14 no 1 pp 75ndash81 2004

[30] W X Luan and N Shen ldquoThe research on social economicsupport system of sustainable development in changshanrdquoArchipelagos Pacific Journal vol 10 pp 65ndash75 2005 (Chinese)

[31] Z Tu S L Yang D Hu and D Zhao ldquoEvaluation methodof sustainable development capability of marine economy andapplication in Fujian ProvincerdquoMarine Environmental Sciencevol 30 no 6 pp 819ndash822 2011 (Chinese)

Submit your manuscripts athttpwwwhindawicom

Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

MathematicsJournal of


Mathematical Problems in Engineering

Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom

Differential EquationsInternational Journal of

Volume 2014

Applied MathematicsJournal of


Probability and StatisticsHindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

Journal of


Mathematical PhysicsAdvances in

Complex AnalysisJournal of


OptimizationJournal of


CombinatoricsHindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

International Journal of


Operations ResearchAdvances in

Journal of


Function Spaces

Abstract and Applied AnalysisHindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences


The Scientific World JournalHindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014


Algebra

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society



Decision SciencesAdvances in

Discrete MathematicsJournal of


Volume 2014 Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

Stochastic AnalysisInternational Journal of


Structure of the sustainabledevelopment system

Human-nature relationship Human-human relationship

(Coordinated) (Harmonious)

Ecologicalenvironment

system

Economicdevelopment

system

Socialand

intellectualsystem

Structure of the sustainable development capability

Regionalcarryingcapacity

Economiccompetitiveness

Environmentalbuffer

capacity

Socialstability

Managerialregulationcapacity

Resourcesupportsystem

Figure 1 The framework of the sustainable development evaluation system

model Professor Chen Shouyu [23] made a binary compari-son of the properties of elements by comparing their impor-tance Subsequently with certain defects the nonstructuraldecision-making fuzzy theory model has been offered Thenonstructural decision fuzzy set has been widely used inthe evaluation of water resources carrying capacity [24] andthe coordinated development of marine resources [25] andprovides a scientific and reasonable decision method for therationality of the subjective weight setting The syntheticevaluation criterion weight was determined by combiningthe entropy weight and the nonstructural decision fuzzy settheorymodel in this paperThis paper analyzed and evaluatedthe extent of island sustainable development developmentorientation and restrictive factors to provide relevant the-oretical support for the reasonable utilization and effectiveprotection of island resources

2 Materials and Methods

21 Sustainable Development Evaluation Model for Islands

211 Evaluation Index System Framework The framework isthe brief summary for the evaluation object and the frame-workmodel can be used to define the boundary compositionand structure of the evaluation object to describe the corre-lations and interacting mechanisms of the subsystems andto help the evaluator select and organize a series of problems[26] The integration of population resources environmentdevelopment and management decision-making is the coreof sustainable development strategy and is also the key tocoordinating human-nature relationships and interpersonal

relationships (Figure 1) The coordination and sustainabilityof island development is the basic principle and core conno-tation for island sustainable development [8]

This research evaluated the sustainable island develop-ment potential from the viewof the survival resource supportecological environmental support economic developmentsupport and social and intellectual support The survivalresource support system is the basic condition for sustainableisland development the ecological environment system isthe restrictive condition for sustainable island developmentthe economic development support system is the impetuscondition for sustainable island development the social andintellectual support system is the assuring and continuingcondition for island sustainable development [27]

212 Evaluation Indexes of Sustainable Island DevelopmentThe index is themeasurement of specific attributes of sustain-able island development and the subsystems which is furtherabstracted from the framework model and is a furtherdecomposition of the overall goal and subgoals of sustainabledevelopment This research has referred to such factors asisland survival resources survival sustainability island devel-opment cost level of environmental control and protectionlevel of ecological development level of social developmenteducational science technology andmanagement ability Bycombining the selection principle of the sustainable devel-opment evaluation index with the extent of collecting dataabout sustainable island development this paper adopted theprincipal component analysis method frequency statisticalmethod theoretical analysis method and the Delphi methodto establish three layers of the index system of sustainable






119867119894= minus

1

ln 119899

119899

sum

119895=1

119891119894119895ln119891119894119895 (1)

among which

119891119894119895=

1 + 119887119894119895

sum119898

119895=1(1 + 119887

119894119895)

119894 = 1 2 119898 119895 = 1 2 119899 0 le 119867119894lt 1

(2)


119908lowast

119894=

1 minus 119867119894

119898 minus sum119899

119894=1119867119894

(3)



119908lowast1015840

119894=

sum119899

119894=1119867119894+ 1 minus 2119867

119894

sum119899

119894=1(sum119899

119894=1119867119894+ 1 minus 2119867

119894) (4)



119875 = 1199011 1199012 119901

119898 (5)



119896and 119901

119897 If



119896119897= 1

and 119890119897119896= 0

(2) 119901119896and 119901


119896119897= 05 and also

119890119897119896= 05


119896 then 119890

119896119897= 0 and 119890

119897119896= 1

119896 = 1 2 119898 119897 = 1 2 119898


E = (

1198901111989012sdot sdot sdot 1198901119898

1198902111989022sdot sdot sdot 1198902119898

11989011989811198901198982sdot sdot sdot 119890119898119898

) = (119890119896119897) (6)

which meets


(2) 119890119896119897+ 119890119897119896= 1

(3) 119890119896119896= 119890119897119897= 05 119896 = 119897



120573 = (

1205731112057312sdot sdot sdot 120573

1119898

1205732112057322sdot sdot sdot 120573

2119898

12057311989811205731198982sdot sdot sdot 120573119898119898

) = (120573119894119895) (7)

which meets

0 le 120573119894119895le 1 119894 = 119895

120573119894119895+ 120573119895119894= 1

120573119894119895= 05 119894 = 119895

(8)


































The c

ompr

ehen

sive a

bilit

y of

sust

aina

ble i

sland

dev

elopm

ent (

A)

Soci

al an

d in

telle

ctua

l sup

port

ing

syste

m B

4 (0

275

)Ec

onom

ic d

evelo

pmen

t sup

port

ing

syste

m B

3 (0

225

)Su

rviv

al re

sour

ce su

ppor

ting

syste

m B

1 (0

275

)Ec

olog

ical

envi

ronm

ent s

uppo

rtin

gsy

stem

B2

(02

25)





Equal 0500525

Slightly 0550575

Somewhat 0600625

Rather 0650675

Obviously 0700725

Remarkably 0750775

Very 0800825

Extra 0850875

Exceedingly 0900925

Extremely 0950975

Incomparable 10


w = (11990811199082sdot sdot sdot 119908

119898) =

(1

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

(1 minus 12057312) 12057312

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

sdot sdot sdot

(1 minus 1205731119898) 1205731119898

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

)

(9)


119908119894=

(1199081

119894sdot 1199082

119894)

sum119898

119894=11199081

1198941199082

119894

(10)

1198821198941






119868 =

119899

sum

119894=1

(119882119894lowast 119880119894)

119880119894=

119899

sum

119895=1

(119882119895lowast 119881119894)

(11)






119895=1119882119895= 1 119881












8)




12) and



119861 =

[[[[[[[

[







]]]]]]]

]

(12)


1199081015840

1= (07078 05182 04901 03717 03583 03339) (13)


1199081= (02546 01864 01763 01337 01289 01201) (14)


119864 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 05 1 1 1

0 05 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 05 0

0 0 0 1 1 05

0 0 0 05 1 0

]]]]]]]

]

ACBEFD

(15)


8is


than 11986210 11986211 and 119862



10 11986211 and 119862




11986211and119862




120573 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 06 07 07 07 06

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

]]]]]]]

]

(16)


1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support


Year



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability


support capability



119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)


1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)


119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)





10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex






2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra














119867119894= minus

1

ln 119899

119899

sum

119895=1

119891119894119895ln119891119894119895 (1)

among which

119891119894119895=

1 + 119887119894119895

sum119898

119895=1(1 + 119887

119894119895)

119894 = 1 2 119898 119895 = 1 2 119899 0 le 119867119894lt 1

(2)


119908lowast

119894=

1 minus 119867119894

119898 minus sum119899

119894=1119867119894

(3)



119908lowast1015840

119894=

sum119899

119894=1119867119894+ 1 minus 2119867

119894

sum119899

119894=1(sum119899

119894=1119867119894+ 1 minus 2119867

119894) (4)



119875 = 1199011 1199012 119901

119898 (5)



119896and 119901

119897 If



119896119897= 1

and 119890119897119896= 0

(2) 119901119896and 119901


119896119897= 05 and also

119890119897119896= 05


119896 then 119890

119896119897= 0 and 119890

119897119896= 1

119896 = 1 2 119898 119897 = 1 2 119898


E = (

1198901111989012sdot sdot sdot 1198901119898

1198902111989022sdot sdot sdot 1198902119898

11989011989811198901198982sdot sdot sdot 119890119898119898

) = (119890119896119897) (6)

which meets


(2) 119890119896119897+ 119890119897119896= 1

(3) 119890119896119896= 119890119897119897= 05 119896 = 119897



120573 = (

1205731112057312sdot sdot sdot 120573

1119898

1205732112057322sdot sdot sdot 120573

2119898

12057311989811205731198982sdot sdot sdot 120573119898119898

) = (120573119894119895) (7)

which meets

0 le 120573119894119895le 1 119894 = 119895

120573119894119895+ 120573119895119894= 1

120573119894119895= 05 119894 = 119895

(8)


































The c

ompr

ehen

sive a

bilit

y of

sust

aina

ble i

sland

dev

elopm

ent (

A)

Soci

al an

d in

telle

ctua

l sup

port

ing

syste

m B

4 (0

275

)Ec

onom

ic d

evelo

pmen

t sup

port

ing

syste

m B

3 (0

225

)Su

rviv

al re

sour

ce su

ppor

ting

syste

m B

1 (0

275

)Ec

olog

ical

envi

ronm

ent s

uppo

rtin

gsy

stem

B2

(02

25)





Equal 0500525

Slightly 0550575

Somewhat 0600625

Rather 0650675

Obviously 0700725

Remarkably 0750775

Very 0800825

Extra 0850875

Exceedingly 0900925

Extremely 0950975

Incomparable 10


w = (11990811199082sdot sdot sdot 119908

119898) =

(1

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

(1 minus 12057312) 12057312

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

sdot sdot sdot

(1 minus 1205731119898) 1205731119898

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

)

(9)


119908119894=

(1199081

119894sdot 1199082

119894)

sum119898

119894=11199081

1198941199082

119894

(10)

1198821198941






119868 =

119899

sum

119894=1

(119882119894lowast 119880119894)

119880119894=

119899

sum

119895=1

(119882119895lowast 119881119894)

(11)






119895=1119882119895= 1 119881












8)




12) and



119861 =

[[[[[[[

[







]]]]]]]

]

(12)


1199081015840

1= (07078 05182 04901 03717 03583 03339) (13)


1199081= (02546 01864 01763 01337 01289 01201) (14)


119864 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 05 1 1 1

0 05 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 05 0

0 0 0 1 1 05

0 0 0 05 1 0

]]]]]]]

]

ACBEFD

(15)


8is


than 11986210 11986211 and 119862



10 11986211 and 119862




11986211and119862




120573 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 06 07 07 07 06

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

]]]]]]]

]

(16)


1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support


Year



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability


support capability



119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)


1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)


119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)





10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex






2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra






































The c

ompr

ehen

sive a

bilit

y of

sust

aina

ble i

sland

dev

elopm

ent (

A)

Soci

al an

d in

telle

ctua

l sup

port

ing

syste

m B

4 (0

275

)Ec

onom

ic d

evelo

pmen

t sup

port

ing

syste

m B

3 (0

225

)Su

rviv

al re

sour

ce su

ppor

ting

syste

m B

1 (0

275

)Ec

olog

ical

envi

ronm

ent s

uppo

rtin

gsy

stem

B2

(02

25)





Equal 0500525

Slightly 0550575

Somewhat 0600625

Rather 0650675

Obviously 0700725

Remarkably 0750775

Very 0800825

Extra 0850875

Exceedingly 0900925

Extremely 0950975

Incomparable 10


w = (11990811199082sdot sdot sdot 119908

119898) =

(1

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

(1 minus 12057312) 12057312

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

sdot sdot sdot

(1 minus 1205731119898) 1205731119898

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

)

(9)


119908119894=

(1199081

119894sdot 1199082

119894)

sum119898

119894=11199081

1198941199082

119894

(10)

1198821198941






119868 =

119899

sum

119894=1

(119882119894lowast 119880119894)

119880119894=

119899

sum

119895=1

(119882119895lowast 119881119894)

(11)






119895=1119882119895= 1 119881












8)




12) and



119861 =

[[[[[[[

[







]]]]]]]

]

(12)


1199081015840

1= (07078 05182 04901 03717 03583 03339) (13)


1199081= (02546 01864 01763 01337 01289 01201) (14)


119864 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 05 1 1 1

0 05 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 05 0

0 0 0 1 1 05

0 0 0 05 1 0

]]]]]]]

]

ACBEFD

(15)


8is


than 11986210 11986211 and 119862



10 11986211 and 119862




11986211and119862




120573 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 06 07 07 07 06

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

]]]]]]]

]

(16)


1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support


Year



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability


support capability



119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)


1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)


119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)





10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex






2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra












Equal 0500525

Slightly 0550575

Somewhat 0600625

Rather 0650675

Obviously 0700725

Remarkably 0750775

Very 0800825

Extra 0850875

Exceedingly 0900925

Extremely 0950975

Incomparable 10


w = (11990811199082sdot sdot sdot 119908

119898) =

(1

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

(1 minus 12057312) 12057312

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

sdot sdot sdot

(1 minus 1205731119898) 1205731119898

sum119898

119894=1(1 minus 120573

1119894) 1205731119894

)

(9)


119908119894=

(1199081

119894sdot 1199082

119894)

sum119898

119894=11199081

1198941199082

119894

(10)

1198821198941






119868 =

119899

sum

119894=1

(119882119894lowast 119880119894)

119880119894=

119899

sum

119895=1

(119882119895lowast 119881119894)

(11)






119895=1119882119895= 1 119881












8)




12) and



119861 =

[[[[[[[

[







]]]]]]]

]

(12)


1199081015840

1= (07078 05182 04901 03717 03583 03339) (13)


1199081= (02546 01864 01763 01337 01289 01201) (14)


119864 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 05 1 1 1

0 05 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 05 0

0 0 0 1 1 05

0 0 0 05 1 0

]]]]]]]

]

ACBEFD

(15)


8is


than 11986210 11986211 and 119862



10 11986211 and 119862




11986211and119862




120573 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 06 07 07 07 06

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

]]]]]]]

]

(16)


1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support


Year



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability


support capability



119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)


1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)


119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)





10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex






2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra














8)




12) and



119861 =

[[[[[[[

[







]]]]]]]

]

(12)


1199081015840

1= (07078 05182 04901 03717 03583 03339) (13)


1199081= (02546 01864 01763 01337 01289 01201) (14)


119864 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 05 1 1 1

0 05 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 05 0

0 0 0 1 1 05

0 0 0 05 1 0

]]]]]]]

]

ACBEFD

(15)


8is


than 11986210 11986211 and 119862



10 11986211 and 119862




11986211and119862




120573 =

[[[[[[[

[

05 06 07 07 07 06

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

03 0375 05 05 05 0375

04 05 0625 0625 0625 05

]]]]]]]

]

(16)


1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support


Year



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability


support capability



119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)


1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)


119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)





10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex






2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










1

08

06

04

02

02001

Resource support


Year



2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Indi

cato

r ind

ex

capability

capability


support capability



119908 = (

119898

sum

119905=1

1205731119905

119898

sum

119905=1

1205732119905

119898

sum

119905=1

120573119898119905)

= (38 3275 255 255 255 3025)

(17)


1199082= (02141 01845 01437 1437 01437 01704) (18)


119908 = (03161 01995 01469 01114 01074 01187) (19)





10908070605040302

001

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year

Com

preh

ensiv

e cap

abili

ty in

dex






2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra











2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008









4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra











4 Conclusion


Acknowledgment


References








































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra


































Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra









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