research for essay writing

7/31/2019 Research for Essay Writing

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Tracey Ashmore - Study Advisor 2011

How toResearch

forEssays

Figure 1, Survival(c2008)

(Yr 1 Photography)


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Tracey Ashmore

Study Advisor - tutorials

Sign-up sheet or diary

Lower 4th Floor

01634 888664

[email protected]

Study Guides:

www.ucreative.ac.uk/studyadvice Figure 2, Tracey(c2011)


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An Essay is the Discussion of What Has BeenWritten on a Topic

Introduction & analysis of

referenced evidencefrom published sources,

in order to form answers

to essay questions

Figure 3.An Essay Is. (c2012)


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Evidence isInformationyou introduce, interpret & analyse in youressay to explain/demonstrate application of theory:

mainly

Text (example?)

but if relevant, also

Visual (example?)

Figure 4. Evidence. (c2012)


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Finding Evidence/Information: The research process

1. Analyse the brief/essay question

2. Identify key-words from the brief

3. Use key-words (& related lecture words/terms) to search library catalogue

4. Identify relevant published sources: books

5. Read about what has been written on topic

6. Identify the focus of your essay

7. Choose relevant evidence/information inwhich to quote & discuss to form answer

Figure 5. Finding Evidence. (c2011)


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Note-taking from Text-based SourcesWhen Researching:


Figure 6, Reading and Note-taking. (c2011)

n Read to get an understanding of whatis being said

n Identify and note key usefulinformation in the form ofquotations

or paraphrases

nNote full details of where theinformation came from so you are able

to reference it correctly


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Plagiarism is Stealing!!!

it is when someone

attempts to use informationor images in their work

without referencing the

sources fully and correctly.

It should be very clear what

information is book andwhat is your discussion of it.

Figure 7. Plagiarism is Stealing. (date unknown)


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Referencing Quotations &Paraphrases

1.Source details in brackets after information used in essay. E.g.:

always indicate where a quotation starts and ends using quotation marks,

paraphrases do not have quotation marks round them (Jones, 1999: 124)

2.With full details at the end of essay on a page headed Bibliography. E.g.:

Bibliography

Jones, P. (1999). How to Reference. UK: Palgrave Publishers

Stevens, J.C. (2011).Authors in Alphabetical Order. Oxford: Uni Press


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www.ucreative.ac.uk/referencing

click on alink


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Click on alink


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Referencing Information from a Book

Example of what should be immediately

after quotation or paraphrase

Example of what shouldbe in Bibliography*

*Explanation of whatshould be in Bibliography


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Referencing Image:in the essay & Illustration List)

Figure 8. Praying Hands (c1508)


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www.ucreative.ac.uk/referencing

click on alink


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Click on alink

If referencing photos you have taken


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*Explanation of whatshould be in the List of

Illustrations

Example of what should be written underthe image in your essay/text

Example of an image in your essay/text

Example of what should be in the List ofIllustrations*


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Quotations and Images Should NOTjustappear in your essay from nowhere.

Figure 9.Appear From Nowhere. (c2011)

It must be:

introduced, analysedand its relevance toyour discussionmade very clear


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It was the art work of younger children which firstattracted the attention of educators more than ahundred years ago. This focus on children's art workconvinced them that there were better ways ofteaching art to children than simply teaching themskills.John Ruskin, art critic and author, in his bookElements of Drawingcondemned formal art lessonsfor children,he states I do not think it advisableto engage a child in any but voluntary practiceof artit should be allowed to scrawl at its ownfree will (Ruskin, 1907:18).What Ruskin appearsto be saying is that children should be allowed toplay with art as opposed to being taught arttechniques.This notion could allow children todevelop their own unique style and confidence if the

child is able to express themselves in this way.However, for some children who are less able, forexample, may be visually impaired, without anintroduction to materials and some basicintervention, the child may miss the sameexperience.

Introduction & Analysis of a Quotation & Paragraph Structure

1. Explanation of paragraphfocus

2. Introduction of quotation3. Explanation of what

author was discussingwhen quote was removed

4. Quote 5. (reference)6. Interpretation of what

author is saying

7.Analysis & conclusionsdrawn from the quotation

8. Conclude point ofparagraph & lead ontofocus of next point


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It was the art work of younger children which first

attracted the attention of educators more than ahundred years ago. This focus on children's art workconvinced them that there were better ways ofteaching art to children than simply teaching themskills.John Ruskin, art critic and author, in his bookElements of Drawingcondemned formal art lessons

for children,he statedthathe felt children shouldonly be allowed to engage in the practicing of artif and when they felt inclined (Ruskin, 1907:18).What Ruskin appears to be saying is that childrenshould be allowed to play with art as opposed tobeing taught art techniques.This notion could allowchildren to develop their own unique style and

confidence if the child is able to express themselvesin this way. However, for some children who are lessable, for example, may be visually impaired, withoutan introduction to materials and some basicintervention, the child may miss the same experience.

Introduction & Analysis of a Paraphrase& Paragraph Structure

1. Explanation ofparagraph focus2. Introduce paraphrase3. Explain context of

paraphrase

4. Paraphrase5. (reference)6. Interpret7. Analyse & draw

conclusions

8. Conclude point ofparagraph & lead ontofocus of next paragraph


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Chanels eye for construction meant that she

was able to manipulate most fabrics into acomplimentary silhouette. Figure 1 shows

Chanels maxi-dress created in 2012, made

predominantly from jersey and lace.What this

image shows is a full-length evening gown,

which hugs the figure around the waist, butflares out towards the feet. The front part of the

bodice is fitted, with a low scooping neck at the

back. The sleeves are capped and made from

lace.(NOTE: here you will give your analysis of

this image in relation to the topic of your

paragraph mentioned in your opening sentence/

s) (NOTE: here is where you conclude the point

of this paragraph and lead onto the point of the

next)

Introduction & Analysis of an Image & Paragraph Structure

1. Explanation ofparagraph focus

2. Introduce image(mention the figurenumber of the image)and its relevance

3. Describe the relevantparts of image that weare seeing/looking at

4. Analyse & drawconclusions

5. Conclude point ofparagraph & lead ontofocus of next paragraph


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Research is Not.

Writing what you know on a topic

Taking information from lectures/handouts

Trawling the internet, google or wikipedia


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Essay Writing is Not.

Copying information from books/articlesexactly as written without saying who/where the information has come from -referencing

Copying ideas from books/articles in yourown words without saying who/where theinformation has come from - referencing

Writing a biographical or historical account

relating to the question

Piecing together referenced informationbut not introducing and analysing it


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Using the terms you have identified read what

has been written to scope area & gainunderstanding:

- Look in Critical theory section of library

- 770.1 Critical theory relating to photography:e.g. Photography Reader (general books maycontain essays on topic),

e.g. Perception and Imaging (specific books

relating to topic)

Identify what the focus of your essay will be: e.g.examples of work and theories to apply

Choose quotations and images.

So what can you do at thisstage?

Figure 10, Reading and Note-taking. (c2011)


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Keep ALL guides,hand-outs and notes

on:

how to research, write

and reference essays

in ONE file.

You will need them forEVERY assignment Figure 11. Recording Information, (date unknown)


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Do not leave Booking Tutorials until the lastminute

(for ANY issue/study advice on your practical or written work)

My office: Lower 4th Floor (near the lift)

01634 888664

[email protected]

www.ucreative.ac.uk/studyadvice

Figure 12. Tracey(c2011)


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List of IllustrationsFig.1:Saelinger , D. (c2008) Survival. [photograph]. Found at:

http://adventure.nationalgeographic.com/2008/08/everyday-survival/laurence-gonzales-text (Accessed: 3.09.12)

Fig.2:Fittal, A.(c2011) Tracey. [photograph]. In possession of: the author: UK

Fig.3:Photographer unknown. (c2012)An essay is. [photograph]. Found at: http://jackolibrary.blogspot.co.uk/ (Accessed: 3.9.12)

Fig.4: Alton Police Department (c2012) Evidence. [photograph]. Found at: http://www.altonpolice.com/content.cfm?pageID=43 (Accessed: 3.9.12)

Fig.5:Ritchie, G. (2011) Finding Evidence.[film still]. Found at: http://fandangogroovers.wordpress.com/2012/02/03/sherlock-holmes/ (Accessed:3.9.12)

Fig. 6: Photographer Unknown. (c2011) Reading And Note-taking. [photograph]. Found at:

http://myfrenchcountryhome.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/reading-out-loud.html (Accessed: 03.09.12)

Fig.7:Photographer unknown. (date unknown) Plagiarism is Stealing.[photograph]. Found at:http://unsuckdcmetro.blogspot.co.uk/2011/05/pickpocket-metro.html (Accessed: 3.9.12)

Fig.8:Durer, A.(c1508) Praying Hands. [brush drawing on paper]. Found at: http://chawedrosin.wordpress.com/2008/08/05albrecht-durer/ (Accessed:

20.09.09)Fig.9:Stacie (2011)Appear From Nowhere. [photograph]. Found at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/stacieandthebartonboys/5445399107/ Accessed:

3.9.12)

Fig.10:Photographer Unknown. (c2011) Reading And Note-taking. [photograph]. Found at:http://myfrenchcountryhome.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/reading-out-loud.html (Accessed: 03.09.12)

Fig.11:Photographer unknown (unknown date) Recording Information.[photograph]. Found at:http://persisperindu.blogspot.co.uk/2010/08/effective-note-taking.html (Accessed: 3.9.12)

Fig.12:(Fittal, A.(c2011) Tracey. [photograph]. In possession of: the author: UK


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