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TRANSCRIPT
Ale
ssa
nd
ro L
asc
ialf
ari
, re
spo
nsi
ble
Fra
nce
sco
Ors
ini,
tec
hn
icia
n,
Ph
D
Pa
olo
Aro
sio,
po
st-d
oc
Ele
na
Ga
rla
tti,
Ph
Dst
ud
ent
Fa
tem
ehA
del
nia
, P
hD
stu
den
t
NM
R/A
FM
g
rou
pN
MR
/AF
M g
rou
pN
MR
/AF
M g
rou
pN
MR
/AF
M g
rou
p
RE
SE
AR
CH
IN
TE
RE
ST
S
ST
RU
CT
UR
E O
F M
AT
TE
R (
FU
ND
AM
EN
TA
L P
RO
BL
EM
S)
-m
ole
cula
r n
ano
mag
net
san
d m
agn
etic
nan
op
arti
cles
-S
up
erco
nd
uct
ing
flu
cuta
tions
in h
igh
-Tc
and
co
nv
enti
on
al s
up
erco
nd
uct
ors
AP
PL
IED
PH
YS
ICS
-M
agn
etic
Pro
per
ties
an
d M
orp
ho
-Dim
ensi
on
al c
har
acte
riza
tio
n o
f m
agn
etic
nan
ost
ruct
ure
s fo
r b
iom
edic
al a
pp
lica
tio
ns
-b
iolo
gic
al m
emb
ran
es,
mem
bra
ne
pro
tein
s an
d l
ipid
raf
ts (
also
Cri
stin
a L
ena
rdi)
2
Ato
mic
Fo
rce
Mic
rosc
op
yte
chn
iqu
e(n
ext,
F.
Ors
ini)
Ato
mic
Ato
mic
Fo
rce
Fo
rce
Mic
rosc
op
yM
icro
sco
py
tech
niq
ue
tech
niq
ue
(( nex
tn
ext ,
F.
Ors
ini)
, F
. O
rsin
i)
Mu
ltim
od
e -
Nan
osc
op
e3
d A
FM
(Vee
co).
Wo
rkin
g t
emp
eratu
re
ran
ge
0-6
0 ° °°°C
.
Liq
uid
cel
l fo
r m
easu
rem
ents
in
solu
tio
n. P
ico
Forc
em
od
ulu
s fo
r
forc
esp
ectr
osc
op
ym
easu
rem
ents
Mu
ltim
od
e -
Nan
osc
op
e3
d A
FM
(Vee
co).
Wo
rkin
g t
emp
eratu
re
ran
ge
0-6
0 ° °°°C
.
Liq
uid
cel
l fo
r m
easu
rem
ents
in
solu
tio
n. P
ico
Forc
em
od
ulu
s fo
r
forc
esp
ectr
osc
op
ym
easu
rem
ents
Au
toP
rob
eC
P R
ese
arc
h A
FM
(Vee
co).
Wo
rkin
g t
emp
eratu
re r
an
ge
0-6
0 ° °°°C
.
Liq
uid
cel
l fo
r m
easu
rem
ents
in
solu
tion
.
Au
toP
rob
eC
P R
ese
arc
h A
FM
(Vee
co).
Wo
rkin
g t
emp
eratu
re r
an
ge
0-6
0 ° °°°C
.
Liq
uid
cel
l fo
r m
easu
rem
ents
in
solu
tion
.
3
Nu
clea
rM
agn
etic
Res
on
an
ce(N
MR
) te
chn
iqu
eN
ucl
ear
Nu
clea
rM
agn
etic
Magn
etic
Res
on
an
ceR
eson
an
ce(N
MR
) (N
MR
) te
chn
iqu
ete
chn
iqu
e
Sm
art
race
rre
laxom
eter
10 k
Hz<
f<10 M
Hz
(H=
0.0
00235-0
.235 T
esla
)
Sm
art
race
rre
laxom
eter
10 k
Hz<
f<10 M
Hz
(H=
0.0
00235-0
.235 T
esla
)
Ste
lar
Sp
imast
er5<
f<70 M
Hz
(H=
0.1
175-1
.5 T
esla
Ste
lar
Sp
imast
er5<
f<70 M
Hz
(H=
0.1
175-1
.5 T
esla
Molecu
lar
nano
magn
ets
SMM
SM
M
SMM
SM
M : f
inite
num
ber N
of m
agne
tic c
ente
rs[e
.g. C
r(III
), F
e(III
)], S
ingl
e m
olec
ule
beha
viou
r (ve
ry w
eak
inte
rmol
ecul
ar in
tera
ctio
n), A
F or
F in
tera
ctio
n �
Non
mag
netic
S=0
or l
ow-s
pin,
hig
h-sp
ingr
ound
stat
e
Sin
gle
S
ing
le
mo
lecu
lem
ole
cu
leo
fo
f
Cr7
Fe
Cr7
Fe
Slo
wly
Slo
wly
rela
xin
gre
lax
ing
Co
Ph
OM
eC
oP
hO
Me
SCM
SC
M
SCM
SC
M : m
agne
tic c
hain
s with
wea
k in
trm
olec
ular
inte
ract
ions
and
met
allic
/rar
e-ea
rth
ions
alte
rnat
ing
to
radi
cal g
roup
s⇒slo
w re
laxa
tion
of M
(N
AN
OW
IRES
NA
NO
WIR
ESN
AN
OW
IRES
NA
NO
WIR
ESN
AN
OW
IRES
NA
NO
WIR
ESN
AN
OW
IRES
NA
NO
WIR
ES),
frus
trat
ion,
pec
ulia
r mag
netic
pha
ses
SIM
SIM
SIM
SIM
: sin
gle
rare
-ear
th io
ns v
ery
dilu
ted
in th
e la
ttic
e. G
ood
syst
ems f
or st
udy
of q
uant
um
tunn
elin
g of
mag
netiz
atio
n (e
lect
ro-n
ucle
ar c
oupl
ed le
vels)
Cry
stal
stru
ctu
reC
ryst
al
stru
ctu
re
pp-- N
ON
O22.C.C
66FF
44C
NS
SN
CN
SS
N
Very
rece
nt s
tudies
SMM
SMM
SMM
SMM
SMM
SMM
SMM
SMM
: :::C
r7Fe
(N
MR,
C
r7Fe
(N
MR,
C
r7Fe
(N
MR,
C
r7Fe
(N
MR,
χ χχχ) ) ) )
– –––he
tero
met
allic
ring
She
tero
met
allic
ring
She
tero
met
allic
ring
She
tero
met
allic
ring
ST TTT=
1/2
=1/2
=1
/2
=1/2
⇒ ⇒⇒⇒d
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f m
ag
net
ic m
om
ent,
d
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f m
ag
net
ic m
om
ent,
corr
ela
tion
fu
nct
ion
corr
ela
tion
fu
nct
ion
Dim
ers (
NM
R,
Dim
ers (
NM
R,
Dim
ers (
NM
R,
Dim
ers (
NM
R, χ χχχ
) )))⇒ ⇒⇒⇒
basi
c ex
cha
ng
e in
tera
ctio
ns
basi
c ex
cha
ng
e in
tera
ctio
ns
Ni1
0 (
NM
R,
Ni1
0 (
NM
R,
Ni1
0 (
NM
R,
Ni1
0 (
NM
R, χ χχχ
)
)
)
)
⇒ ⇒⇒⇒re
so
na
nt
reso
na
nt
ph
on
on
tra
pp
ing
ph
on
on
tra
pp
ing
FeC
u6, C
oCu6
(N
MR,
Fe
Cu6
, CoC
u6 (
NM
R,
FeC
u6, C
oCu6
(N
MR,
Fe
Cu6
, CoC
u6 (
NM
R, χ χχχ
) ) ) ) - ---
S SSS T TTT=1
/2 sy
stem
=1
/2 sy
stem
=1
/2 sy
stem
=1
/2 sy
stem
⇒ ⇒⇒⇒s
ing
les
ing
lem
ole
cu
le
mo
lec
ule
pa
ram
ag
ne
tp
ara
ma
gn
et
Fe4
(MU
SR,
Fe4
(MU
SR,
Fe4
(MU
SR,
Fe4
(MU
SR, χ χχχ
) ) ) ) - ---
high
high
high
high
- ---spi
n sy
stem
Ssp
in sy
stem
Ssp
in sy
stem
Ssp
in sy
stem
ST TTT=
5
=5
=5
=5 ⇒ ⇒⇒⇒
tran
siti
on
s to
hig
her
Str
an
siti
on
s to
hig
her
STT
sta
tes
sta
tes
SCM
SCM
SCM
SCM
SCM
SCM
SCM
SCM
: :::G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
d - ---- ---ba
sed
chai
ns (
NM
R)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR)
ba
sed
chai
ns (
NM
R)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR)
ba
sed
chai
ns (
NM
R)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR)
ba
sed
chai
ns (
NM
R)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR)
⇒ ⇒⇒⇒
pec
uli
ar
ph
ase
tra
nsi
tio
ns
pec
uli
ar
ph
ase
tra
nsi
tio
ns
(Vil
lain
(Vil
lain
’’ s c
on
ject
ure
)s
con
ject
ure
)
Co
or D
yC
o or
Dy
Co
or D
yC
o or
Dy- ---
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR,
MU
SR)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR,
MU
SR)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR,
MU
SR)
base
d ch
ains
(N
MR,
MU
SR)
– –––slo
wly
rela
slow
ly re
laxi
ngslo
wly
rela
slow
ly re
laxi
ng⇒ ⇒⇒⇒
two m
ech
an
ism
s o
f re
laxa
tion
, tw
o m
ech
an
ism
s o
f re
laxa
tion
,
size
eff
ects
size
eff
ects
SIM
SIM
SIM
SIM
SIM
SIM
SIM
SIM
: :::LiY
FLi
YFLi
YFLi
YF4 444:
Ho
(MU
SR)
:Ho
(MU
SR)
:Ho
(MU
SR)
:Ho
(MU
SR)
⇒ ⇒⇒⇒sp
in
spin
dy
na
mic
s d
yn
am
ics
an
d
an
d t
un
nel
ing
tun
nel
ing
6
High-Tc
and
con
vent
iona
l SC:
Sup
erc
onduc
ting
“fluc
tuation
s”
T
χd
ia
Tc(
0)
Tc(
H)
[ T
heo
ry w
ith
eex
act
solu
tio
n
xac
t so
luti
on
: P
ran
ge
(19
70
), b
ut
no
fie
ld q
uen
chin
g o
f fl
uct
ua
tin
g p
air
s]
H
T >
> T
C
T ≈ ≈≈≈
TC
Md
ia
χ χχχd
ia
∝ ∝∝∝H
1/2
…..
an
d m
agn
etiz
ati
on
cu
rves
Fir
st e
xp
erim
ents
(G
oll
ub,T
ink
ham
et
al.)
in
met
als
evid
ence
th
e
bre
ak
do
wn
of
a
des
crip
tio
n
wh
ich
n
egle
cts
the
effe
ct o
f th
e fi
eld
in
sup
pre
ssin
g t
he
flu
ctu
atin
g p
airs
, b
ut
only
fro
m M
(T)
curv
es.
Su
scep
tib
ilit
y (
alr
ead
y s
ub
tra
cted
of
Pa
uli
ter
m)…
……
..S
F
Magn
etic
mu
ltif
un
ctio
nal
nan
op
art
icle
s
Con
trast
Agen
ts f
or
MR
I
Hyp
erth
erm
ia
Dru
g d
eliv
ery
Bio
sen
sors
Magn
etic
Nan
op
art
icle
s in
Th
era
no
stic
s
Po
ssib
leA
pp
lica
tio
ns
Th
era
no
stic
sT
her
an
ost
ics
clin
ical
ap
pli
cati
on
so
f
no
n-s
pec
ific
CA
sC
As:
Bet
ter
ima
ge
con
tra
st
So
lid
ma
gn
etic
bio
sen
sors
Ex
per
imen
tal
ap
pro
ach
es
Ex
per
imen
tal
ap
pro
ach
es
2 d
etec
tio
n m
eth
od
s
SQ
UID
ma
gn
eto
met
ry
Op
tim
ized
im
mo
bil
iza
tio
n o
f
bio
mole
cula
r n
an
op
rob
es
Bio
mo
lecu
lar
na
no
pro
bes
dif
fuse
d i
n a
gel
matr
ix
Nu
clea
r M
ag
net
ic R
eso
na
nce
pp
AA
IgG
BS
A
Ab
IgG
-Bio
tin
Str
ep
tavid
in
Fe
2O
3-P
EO
-B
ioti
n
Th
e m
agn
etic
mo
men
t in
crea
ses
Th
e m
agn
etic
mo
men
t in
crea
ses
in p
rese
nce
of γ γγγ-
Fe 2
O3
wit
h r
esp
ect
to t
he
sub
stra
te +
(p
rote
in)
pro
be.
Sp
ecif
ic b
iolo
gic
al
reco
gn
itio
n
Agaro
se
Str
epta
vid
in
Fe 2
O3-c
-PM
A-c
-Bio
tin
A 1
0-1
5%
ch
an
ge
of
the
tran
sver
se
rela
xa
tion
tim
e T
2⇒ ⇒⇒⇒
Sen
siti
vit
y o
f N
MR
Sen
siti
vit
y o
f N
MR
Det
ecti
on
of
pro
be-
an
aly
te i
nte
ract
ion
…C
lust
ers
Ver
t d
ista
nce
: 4.1
46
nm
F.O
rsin
i, M
.Santa
cro
ce, P
.Aro
sio
, V
.F.S
acchi. “O
bserv
ing X
enopus laevis
oocyte
pla
sm
a m
em
bra
ne b
y a
tom
ic forc
e m
icro
scopy”
Meth
ods, 51, 106–113 (
2010).
Sca
n a
rea
45
0x
450
nm
2S
can a
rea
200x200 n
m2
F.O
rsin
i, M
.San
tacr
oce
, P
.Aro
sio,
M.C
asta
gn
a, C
.Len
ard
i, G
.Po
lett
i, V
.F.S
acch
i “I
nte
rmit
ten
t co
nta
ct m
ode
AF
M i
nves
tigat
ion o
f nat
ive
pla
sma
mem
bra
ne
of
Xenopus
laevis
oo
cyte
”E
ur.
Bio
ph
ys.
J.
(20
09)
38,
903
–9
10
F.O
rsin
i, M
.San
tacr
oce
, P
.Aro
sio,
M.C
asta
gn
a, C
.Len
ard
i, G
.Po
lett
i, V
.F.S
acch
i “I
nte
rmit
ten
t co
nta
ct m
ode
AF
M i
nves
tigat
ion o
f nat
ive
pla
sma
mem
bra
ne
of
Xenopus
laevis
oo
cyte
”E
ur.
Bio
ph
ys.
J.
(20
09)
38,
903
–9
10
Hig
her
forc
e
Low
er
forc
e
Sca
n a
rea
200x200 n
m2
Ch
ann
els
in t
he
mem
bra
ne
hav
e a
dia
met
er o
f 6
-8 n
m
Sca
n a
rea
80
x5
0 n
m2
AF
M i
mag
ing
of
AQ
P4
pro
tein
s ex
pre
ssed
in X
enopu
s la
evis
oo
cyte
Sca
n a
rea
10
x1
0 µ
m2
Sca
n a
rea
3x3 µ
m2
Sca
n a
rea
100x100 n
m2
Ass
emb
ly o
f in
div
idu
al
bac
teri
orh
odop
sin
mo
lecu
les
in t
he
pu
rple
mem
bra
ne
Ass
emb
ly o
f in
div
idu
al
bac
teri
orh
odop
sin
mo
lecu
les
in t
he
pu
rple
mem
bra
ne
Cyto
pla
smic
pu
rple
mem
bra
ne
surf
ace
Cyto
pla
smic
pu
rple
mem
bra
ne
surf
ace
Mem
bra
ne
pat
ches
sh
ow
mic
ro-d
om
ain
s (l
ater
al s
ize:
10
0-7
00 n
m,
hei
gh
t: 1
-2 n
m)
wit
h a
hig
her
roug
hn
ess
Sca
n a
rea:
1.6
x1.6
μm
2;
Hei
gh
t: 2
0 n
mS
can
are
a: 2
00x200 n
m2;
Hei
ght:
3 n
m
Aft
er a
nti
-flo
t-1
tre
atm
ent
the
mic
ro-d
om
ain
surf
ace
incr
ease
s th
us
sugg
esti
ng t
he
pre
sen
ce o
f
Flo
t-1 p
rote
ins.
An
tibo
dy t
reat
men
t
Sca
le b
ar:
1 μ
m;
Z r
ang
e (f
rom
dar
kes
t to
lig
hte
st):
25 n
m
F.
Ors
ini,
A.
Cre
mona,
P.
Aro
sio
, P
.A.
Co
rset
to,
G. M
on
torf
ano,
A. L
asci
alfa
ri,
A.M
. R
izzo
. “A
tom
ic f
orc
e m
icro
scop
y i
mag
ing o
f li
pid
raf
ts o
f
hu
man
bre
ast
cance
r ce
lls”
Bio
ch
imic
a e
t B
iop
hysi
ca
Acta
-Bio
mem
bra
nes,
18
18
, 2
94
3-2
949
(2
012).
P.A
. C
ors
etto
, A
. C
rem
on
a, G
. M
on
torf
ano
, I.
E. Jo
ven
itti
, F
. O
rsin
i, P
. A
rosi
o,
A.M
. R
izzo
. “C
hem
ical
-Ph
ysi
cal
Chan
ges
in C
ell
Mem
bra
ne
Mic
rodo
mai
ns
of
Bre
ast
Can
cer
Cel
ls A
fter
Om
ega-
3 P
UF
A I
nco
rpo
rati
on”
Cell
Bio
ch
em
istr
y a
nd B
iophysi
cs,
64,
45-5
9 (
2012).
F.
Ors
ini,
A.
Cre
mona,
P.
Aro
sio
, P
.A.
Co
rset
to,
G. M
on
torf
ano,
A. L
asci
alfa
ri,
A.M
. R
izzo
. “A
tom
ic f
orc
e m
icro
scop
y i
mag
ing o
f li
pid
raf
ts o
f
hu
man
bre
ast
cance
r ce
lls”
Bio
ch
imic
a e
t B
iop
hysi
ca
Acta
-Bio
mem
bra
nes,
18
18
, 2
94
3-2
949
(2
012).
P.A
. C
ors
etto
, A
. C
rem
on
a, G
. M
on
torf
ano
, I.
E. Jo
ven
itti
, F
. O
rsin
i, P
. A
rosi
o,
A.M
. R
izzo
. “C
hem
ical
-Ph
ysi
cal
Chan
ges
in C
ell
Mem
bra
ne
Mic
rodo
mai
ns
of
Bre
ast
Can
cer
Cel
ls A
fter
Om
ega-
3 P
UF
A I
nco
rpo
rati
on”
Cell
Bio
ch
em
istr
y a
nd B
iophysi
cs,
64,
45-5
9 (
2012).
11
Collabor
ato
rs t
o AIRC p
roje
ct “
Mag
neto
som
es:
a na
note
chno
logy
pla
tfor
m f
or t
her
mal
abla
tion
of
bra
in g
liom
a”
FIR
B “
Ret
e In
tegr
ata
per
la N
ano
Med
icin
a (R
INA
ME
)”
Fon
dazion
e C
ariplo
“Chem
ical
syn
thes
is a
nd c
har
acte
riza
tion
of
mag
neto
-pla
smon
ic n
ano-
het
eros
truc
ture
s”
EU
FP7
-N
AN
OT
HE
R “
Inte
grat
ion
of n
ovel
NA
NO
part
icle
bas
ed t
echno
logy
for
TH
ER
apeu
tics
and
dia
gnos
is o
f dif
fere
nt t
ypes
of
canc
er”
(end
ing)
EU F
P6 -
MA
GM
AN
et “
Mol
ecul
ar A
ppro
ach t
o N
anom
agne
ts a
nd M
ulti
func
tion
al M
ater
ials
”(f
inis
hed
)
FIRB “
Inve
stig
atio
n of
pro
tein
str
uctu
re a
nd f
unct
ion
by
AF
M a
nd p
hys
iolo
gica
l st
udie
s”(f
inis
hed
)
Fon
dazion
e C
ariplo
“Pro
cess
i di
funz
iona
lizz
azio
ne d
i po
lim
eri
per
la m
odif
ica
del
labio
com
pati
bilit
àe
del
l’ades
ione
di
prot
eine
”(f
inis
hed
)
Fon
dazion
e C
ariplo
“Pro
gett
azio
ne d
i nu
ovi bio
sens
ori
mag
neti
ci p
er l'a
pplic
azio
ne i
n sc
ienz
e del
la s
alut
e e a
mbie
ntal
i ”
(fin
ished
)
Ma
in p
roje
cts
Ma
in p
roje
cts
Ma
in p
roje
cts
Ma
in p
roje
cts
Cur
rent
Cur
rent
ly a
ctive
ly a
ctive
main c
ollabor
ation
smain c
ollabor
ation
sLOCAL,
LOCAL,
NATIONAL
NATIONAL, ,
INTERNATIONAL,
INTERNATIONAL,
INDUSTRIES
INDUSTRIES
•D
ept.
Ph
arm
acolo
gic
al S
cien
ces,
Univ
ersi
ty o
f M
ilan
o, P
rof.
R. P
aole
tti,
Pro
f. E
.Tre
mo
li, D
r.U
.Gu
erri
ni,
Dr.
G.S
iron
i
•D
ept.
Ch
emis
try, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f M
ilan
o, P
rof.
G. D
’Alf
on
so e
Dr.
D. M
agg
ioni,
Pro
f. E
. R
anu
cci,
Dr.
M. S
cavin
i, P
rof.
E. L
ican
dro
•D
ISF
EB
, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f M
ilan
o (
Ital
y),
Dr.
A. R
izzo
, P
rof.
V.F
. S
acch
i e
Dr.
P. P
ereg
o e
Dr.
M. C
asta
gna
•S
3 C
NR
-IN
FM
, M
od
ena
(Ita
ly)
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FF
ILIA
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FF
ILIA
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N–
Pro
f. M
. A
ffro
nte
•D
ept.
Ph
ysi
cs “
A. V
olt
a”–
Un
iver
sity
of
Pav
ia (
Ital
y)
–P
rof.
F. B
ors
a e
Pro
f. M
. C
ort
i e
Pro
f. P
. C
arr
etta
, P
rof.
A. R
igam
on
ti, D
r. S
. S
ann
a
•D
ept.
Ch
emis
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Un
iver
sity
of
Fir
enze
(It
aly)
–P
rof.
D. G
atte
schi
e P
rof.
A.
Can
esch
i, D
r. C
. S
ang
regori
o, P
rof.
R. S
esso
li
•D
ept.
Ch
emis
try –
Un
iver
sity
of
Cag
liar
i (I
taly
) –
Dr.
M.F
. C
asu
la
•D
ept.
Ph
ysi
cs, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f P
arm
a (I
taly
), D
r. L
. R
om
ano’,
Pro
f. G
. A
mo
rett
i, P
rof.
P. S
anti
ni,
Pro
f. S
. C
arre
tta
•N
atio
nal
Nan
ote
chno
logy L
abora
tory
, C
NR
-IN
FM
, L
ecce
(It
aly),
Dr.
T. P
elle
gri
no
•D
ept.
Ph
ysi
cs –
Un
iver
sity
of
Fir
enze
, F
iren
ze (
Ital
y)
–P
rof.
A. R
etto
ri
•D
ept.
Ph
ysi
cs, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f M
ilan
o B
icocc
a, M
ilan
o (
Ital
y),
gru
ppo
Pro
f. C
. R
icca
rdi
•D
ept.
Ch
emis
try, M
anch
este
r U
niv
ersi
ty (
UK
), P
rof.
R. W
inp
enn
y
•D
ept.
Ph
ysi
cs, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f Z
arag
oza
(S
pai
n),
Pro
f. F
. P
alac
io e
Dr.
A. M
illa
n
•D
ept.
Ch
emis
try, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f V
alen
cia
(Sp
ain),
pro
f. E
. C
oro
nad
o
•D
epar
tmen
t o
f P
hysi
cs, B
ost
on
Co
lleg
e (U
SA
), P
rof.
M. J.
Gra
f
•In
org
anic
Ch
emis
try D
epar
tmen
t, U
niv
ersi
ty o
f B
uca
rest
(R
om
ania
), p
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M. A
ndru
h
•C
NR
S a
nd
Un
iver
sity
of
Mon
tpel
lier
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ran
ce),
Dr.
J. L
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no
va,
Dr.
Y. G
uar
i
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entr
o R
icer
che
Colo
robb
ia, V
inci
(F
I) (
Ital
ia),
Dr.
G. B
ald
i, D
r. D
. B
on
acch
i
Ato
mic
fo
rce
mic
rosc
op
y (
AF
M)
Ato
mic
fo
rce
mic
rosc
op
y (
AF
M)
* A
tom
ic
For
ce
Mic
rosc
opy
/ S
cann
ing
Tun
neling
M
icro
scop
y /
Mag
neti
c F
orce
M
icro
scop
y -
Aut
opro
be
CP
Res
earc
h S
yste
m -
Vee
co.
Wor
king
tem
pera
ture
ran
ge 0
-60°C
. Cel
l fo
r liqu
ids,
m
easu
rem
ents
in
solu
tion
.*
AF
M M
icro
scop
e w
ith f
orce
spe
ctro
scop
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cility
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anos
cope
III
A-M
ulti
mod
e, V
eeco
Wid
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an
d N
ucl
ear
Ma
gn
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Res
on
an
ce (
NM
R)
ba
nd
Nu
clea
r M
ag
net
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eso
na
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(N
MR
)*
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rier
tra
nsfo
rm S
tela
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ectr
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or N
MR
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so r
elaxom
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y),
wor
king
in
the
rang
e 5
-70
MH
z (w
ith e
lect
rom
agne
t ,
mag
neti
c fi
eld 0
-1.5
Tes
la)
and f
lux c
ryos
tat
(3.8
< T
<
35
0K
)*
SM
AR
Tra
cer
rela
xom
eter
by
Ste
lar
for
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R-F
ast
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ld C
ycling
. F
requ
enci
es :
10
KH
z <
f <
10 M
Hz.
T
empe
ratu
re : 1
50
< T
< 3
00
K.
Mu
on
Sp
in R
ota
tio
n
Mu
on
Sp
in R
ota
tio
n ⇒ ⇒⇒⇒⇒ ⇒⇒⇒
Inte
rna
tio
na
l fa
cili
ties
PS
IIn
tern
ati
on
al
faci
liti
es P
SI --
Sw
itze
rla
nd
an
d I
SIS
Sw
itze
rla
nd
an
d I
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cot(
UK
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Exp
eri
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tal
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men
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pa
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tal
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men
tal
ap
pa
ratu
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Exp
eri
men
tal
ap
pa
ratu
ses
In s
tric
t co
llab
ora
tion
, D
ept.
of
Ph
ysi
cs, P
avia
Wid
e-b
an
d N
ucl
ear
Mag
net
ic R
eso
na
nce
(N
MR
)
* F
ouri
er t
rans
form
Tec
mag
and
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ker
spec
trom
eter
s fo
r N
MR
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ange
5-4
00
MH
z (S
C m
agne
t-el
ectr
omag
nets
0-9
Tes
la)
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ryos
tats
for
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ange
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<T<1
00
0K
, pr
essu
re c
ham
ber
s to
rea
ch 1
5 k
bar
Ma
gn
eto
met
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ag
net
om
etry
* S
QU
ID m
agne
tom
eter
for
sus
cept
ibilit
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d m
agne
tiza
tion
mea
sure
men
ts in
the
rang
e 0
-7 T
esla
and
1.8
-80
0K
.
Ma
gn
etic
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on
an
ce I
ma
gin
g (
MR
I)
•E
saot
e M
RI-
Imag
er A
RT
OS
CA
Nfo
r in
-vit
ro im
agin
g ac
quis
itio
n se
quen
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at low
mag
neti
c fi
eld 0
.2 T
esla
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iab
ati
c a
nd
no
n-a
dia
ba
tic
calo
rim
eter
s, N
on
-co
nv
enti
on
al
Ele
ctro
n P
ara
ma
gn
etic
Res
on
an
ce (
EP
R)