research paper on status-stress of water management for delhi-mumbai industrial cooridor project

Status-Stress of water management for DMIC project


*Prof. Sayli Wable

Assistant Professor, MGM Institute of Management, Aurangabad

Email id:- [email protected]

Contact: - 8275239480

Abstract

This paper addresses recent and future status of water resources that have substantial practical implications for Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project particularly for Shendra-Bidkin Area. Procuring additional fresh water supplies is highly problematical. As a result attention has naturally turned to “demand management” in the hopes that increased efficiency of water use will produce sufficient savings to meet future water requirements. The major source for DMIC is the available water through Godavari River. So Moving beyond its traditional role of being using the ground water, the government, through the DMIC, seeks to create trunk infrastructure and offer an enabling water reservoir for this project, which will overcome the lacunas of the environmental factors like water level due to rain.

This Document is a study regarding the storage capacity of Water of River, its last 5 year distribution to 3 factors

Irrigation Drinking Industry

According to which what percentage of water is given to Maharashtra Industry Development Corporation. So, accordingly how much present and future demand and supply of Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project is analyzed in this paper. As overall DMIC project has Water Demand of 950 MLD (Mega Litter per Day), whose further bifurcation is as follows

Phase I – 260 MLD

Phase II – 450 MLD

Phase III – 240 MLD

The Shendra- Bidkin area is regarded in Phase I. This demand of water will be fulfilled through available river, reservoir and wells.

DMIC MGM IOM©Prof. Sayli Wable

mailto:[email protected]


Keywords: - Water management, Strategies, Water demand, Water supply, Storage capacity, Sources of

water, Industrial use, Domestic use, Evaporation

Introduction

What is DMIC

Government of India has announced the establishing the Dedicated Freight Corridor between Delhi and Mumbai, covering an overall length of 1483km and passing thru the States of U.P, NCR of Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra, with end terminals at Dadri in the National Capital Region of Delhi and Jawaharlal Nehru Port near Mumbai. This Dedicated Freight Corridor offers high-speed connectivity for High Axle Load Wagons (25 Tone) of Double Stacked Container Trains supported by high power locomotives. The Delhi Mumbai leg of the Golden Quadrilateral National Highway also runs almost parallel to the Freight Corridor.

Vision of DMIC

To create strong economic base with globally competitive environmentand state-of-the-art infrastructure to activate local commerce, enhance foreign investments and attain sustainable development.

Project Goals

Developmental planning for DMIC aims to achieve certain end results with implementation that would ensure realization of envisaged vision for the project and lead to economic development. Accordingly the project goals for DMIC are:

Double employment potential in 7 years Triple industrial output in 9 years Quadruple exports from the region in 8-9 years

DMIC states contribute 43% of India’s GDP, 50% of agricultural produce of principal crops in the country and 60% of total exports. Approximately 60% of total FDI into the country, between April 2000 and April 2012, has been in these states. Further, they constitute 40% of the country’s factories and workforce.



Leveraging DMIC and Secondary Growth Corridors

The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) is a mega infrastructure project, which is expected to cover an overall length of 1,483 km between Delhi and Mumbai. About 17% of its project influence area is in Maharashtra, covering approximately 20% area & 26% population of the state. A band of 150 km on either side of the freight corridor has been identified as the influence region for industrial development. The major districts covered under the corridor will be Mumbai Suburban, Mumbai, Than, Nasik, Pune, Aurangabad, Ahmednagar, Dhule, Nandurbar and Raigad.

Shendra-Bidkin DMIC Mega Industrial Park is to come up on 8400 hectares of land i.e. 20756 acres. Maharashtra gets Rs 18,500 crore boost to regain industrial glory. The Dighi port and Shendra (Aurangabad) will emerge as industrial townships complete with world-class infrastructure in Maharashtra. Shendra Industrial Park has the estimates to get completed till 2019.

The development in Shendra (Aurangabad) will require Rs 2,790 crore for industrial Development.

The Shendra Township will cover 8,340 hectares. Roads, drinking water, power, schools, hospitals, market centers, gardens, sewerage, and storm water drainage will be built. The water need is to be fulfilled of 8 million people. 8 million people

Industrial Residential Commercial

50% 30% 20%

Objectives

1. To study overall Present and Future gap in demand and supply of water 2. To study the water resource management required for Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC)

project with reference to Shendra-Bidkin Area 3. To study the strategy of water supply by MIDC 4. To study last 5 years demand and supply of water



Available Water sources and its management

For the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project, the available water resources are

i. Fresh ground waterii. Saline ground wateriii. Surplus flood water during rainiv. Recycled water from external sourcesv. Recycle water from within developmentvi. Rain water harvesting

From above mentioned available sources the water for the DMIC project from Bidkin to Karmad, the major source is Godavari dam and the ground water sources (wells and saline water). There are in all 32 wells with Aurangabad Municipal Corporation. From which more than half wells are dried and rest have inadequate water storage. Many of these wells are used for drinking and irrigation purpose.

Principles considered for IWRM Planning Process

Decision model analysis to develop a Dynamic Water Operating Module Develop models for evaluating Water Supply Options for Technical and Economic Feasibility. Model elements should include:• Demands from various sourceso Potable



o Non-Potable• Supply from all possible sources (Godavari River and associated canals, Groundwater, Reuse, Desalinization, Rain water harvesting)o Allow source prioritization• Capital and Operating Costs for Selected Treatment Approach (AMC has allocated Rs. 34 Crore for Water treatment )• Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Module• Scenario Manager / Operating model to provide the water through year with “optimized” impact on cost, society and environment.

ASR Installation

Common ASR Applications• Capture temporal sources for increased reliability / improved water quality• Eliminate evaporative losses in reservoirs• Avoid loss of riverside habitat associated with surface reservoirs• Increase water treatment works / conveyance system / operational efficiency



Seasonal Storage

Seasonal storage will help to store water in rainy season and recover when water scarcity is observed. The demand will be fulfilled on monthly and annual basis.

The demand of water with Shendra-Bidkin DMIC is

Monthly Demand = 750 mm3

Annual Demand = 9000 mm3

Research Methodology

Data Collection

This is an exploratory study which is based on Primary data and Secondary data.

Primary Data

Interview method was conducted with the following people

1. Irrigation Department, Paithan2. MIDC, Aurangabad3. C.A.D.A., Aurangabad4. WALMI, Aurangabad

Secondary Data

The sources of Secondary Data are websites, newspaper, journal and books.



Hypothesis

Research Hypothesis is applied to this study as

H0: There is significant difference between demand and supply of water

Analysis of Demand and Supply of Water

Water DemandDelhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor has demanded 25mm3 of water daily to MIDC. These are their

estimates of water on daily basis which they have planned to complete till 2019. As on now, the process of land acquisition is in progress, after which they will start their actual construction.

Future water Demand of DMIC (Shendra-Bidkin Area) = 25mm3 (After 2 years till 2019)

Demand of Water in the year 2042 = 2% of total Storage of Jayakwadi (58.18 mm3 from 2909 mm3)

Supply of Water

Water Supply for Aurangabad District

With reference to above level at River, the water supply is categorized in 3 parts as

1. Drinking water2. Industrial use3. Irrigation

So, the water for irrigation is only given when the overall percentage of water supply is above 33%. As seen in the report, for the year 2011-12 irrigation water was no supplied due to water level 9.33%. Similar is the case for the 2013 as the available water level is 25%(as mentioned on the date 26 th

September,2013). In such conditions the water is only supplied for the drinking and industrial use. The Irrigation department supplies the fixed quantity of water as mentioned below

Population-36.95 lakhs as per 2011 census

Current expenditure of AMC for lifting the water from Jayakwadi reservoir is Rs. 34 Cr.



MIDC Drinking0

1020304050607080

20 %

80 %Water Supply by Irrigation Department

Water Supply

Source: Irrigation Department, Paithan

Aurangabad water supply and industrial use is fixed by the Irrigation which is 100mm3 water, so in this supply, MIDC distributes water to industries at Waluj and Other areas.

Some of the Surface Water Resources available for Aurangabad District are

Sukhna River Notified Naregaon to Sukhna dam Sukhna Dam Small Irrigation dam Chitepimpalgaon Salim Ali Lake Small Percolation tank Aurangabad at Delhi gate. Harsul Dam Small Percolation tank Aurangabad at Harsul Jaikwadi Dam Large irrigation dam Aurangabad District Tembhapuri Dam Medium irrigation dam Limbejalgaon, Turkabad Tisgaon Lake Small Percolation tank Tisgaon Ranjangaon Lake Small Percolation tank Ranjangaon Kham River (Nonnotified) Non – notified Harsul to Bramhagavhan Shivna River (Nonnotified) Non – notified Dahegaon & Lasur station



Results and Discussion

Water Levels at Jayakwadi for last 5 years

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-130%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

100 %

24.35 %

58.75 %62.8 %

9.33 %26 %

Actual level

Water Deficient


Maximum capacity of the river is 2,909 mm3 of water, as the graph shows in 2008 the water level was 100% which is only depended on rain water (fresh water). In which 30% of 2909mm3(872.7mm3) is a dead stock, which means it is not fresh water from rain at that year. In the year 2012, as the water level was 9.33% (i.e. 271.4mm3), it resulted in water scarcity, so there was not supply of water for such projects. At this situation, 22.89mm3 water was given to MIDC. Due to which the dead stock of the river was used which was approximately 150-200 mm3. But as per sources till 26th September, 2013 the water in the river was 25%, so this year, the dead stock will not be required for using for drinking and industrial purpose.

According to the Irrigation Department, dated on 25 th September, 2013, out of 2909mm3

water storage capacity, currently Jayakwadi is having 1323.492 mm3 of storage, from which 585.386 mm3

is usable water.

Evaporation

As seen previously, the water level of Godavari is reduced due to Evaporation. The MIDC have suggested supplying water to DMIC project from Jayakwadi as there is reduced water in summer season, so maximum water can be supplied in rainy season. For fulfilling the demand supply gap, Nandurmadhmeshwar canal supplied 22.458 mm3 of water, out of which 6.383 mm3 actually reached. Due to which 2% increase in the current water level was observed. Last year 10 mm3 of water was supplied, out of which 6.11 mm3 was actually received. This situation enforced to use 143 mm3 of dead stock, which resulted decrease of 1.10 mm3 of water in dead stock. In July 2013, there was a hope of increasing water level due to heavy rainfall, but it went in vain.




The above graph shows how much water is evaporated from the total storage of water in last 5 years. When the water level was 9.33% of total storage capacity, the evaporation was 242mm3. This resulted in water scarcity and Aurangabad district had to bear water cutoff for industries and the related projects. In such circumstances, State Government declared the available water for only drinking use for Aurangabad district. As estimated by Irrigation Department, the average evaporation every year is 300mm3.

Strategy of Supplying Water by MIDCMIDC have build up a separate Water Treatment Plant for Industries and DMIC. As

Jayakwadi is major water source, it supplies daily 50 to 52 mm3 water to MIDC, which first undergoes through Water Treatment Plant located at Bramhagavan, Bidkin. After filtering, the water is distributed in following manner.

32 mm3

10 mm3

5 mm3 5 mm3

Daily Water Supply of MIDC

Waluj MIDC & Res-idential

Shendra

Chikalthana

Jalna MIDC

Source: MIDC, Aurangabad


2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-120

50

100

150

200

250

300

295 mm3

213 mm3

280 mm3 286 mm3242 mm3

Loss of water due to Evaporation

Evaporation


As seen before, the daily demand by MIDC is 100mm3 but it gets water supply of 52mm3.

Dependency and Demand of Water

Factors Demand of WaterDrinking Water 140.75mm3

Terminal Power Plant 102.00mm3

Irrigation 288mm3

Evaporation 382.80mm3

Usable water other than dead stock 421.82mm3

Gap between future Demand and Supply of usable water 491.73mm3

Water coming from upper dam to Jayakwadi (considering 35% loss)

756.50mm3

(These estimates are from 16th September, 2013 to 31st July, 2014)

Water and sewerage generated and Demand

Water & Sewerage Generation & demand (Mld) Year2022 2032 2042

Total WaterDemand

94 211 335

Sewage generated 69 156 252

Water demandmet by recycled water

64 146 231

Fresh WaterDemand

30 65 104

Source: - www.walmi.com

Challenges in DMIC Region needs “out of box” solutions• Over exploited ground water in the region- deep GWT and saline ground water.• Salt disposal challenges• Average rainfall is not more than 400 / 500 mm• Impact of climate variability• Competitive water needs / demand in the region and changing priority.



SWOT Analysis


Strength Weakness

- Adequate rainfall, water level - Demand-supply mismatch increased compared to last year - Changes in climatic

- Resources & part of Godavari conditions river

Opportunities Threats

- Development of water retaining -Adoptability of structures & storage capacities recycling water

- Promotion of recycling of water - Excess use of will lead to - AMC funding for water resource water logging and reduction in

productivity of land


Suggestions for water resource management in DMIC

1. Fulfilling the DemandThis water requirement can not be fulfilled only by the Jayakwadi dam; it will

require coordination with other districts. As the dams’ located nearby are totally filled as on date 27th September, 2013. The Irrigation Department and MIDC should take appropriate decisions based on future estimates.

2. Socio—Political ScenarioProper coordination cannot be established due to Political environment, the political

leaders of other districts refuse to supply water for Marathwada. According to Irrigation Department, dated on 27th September, 2013, only 26% of water is stored as compared to other dams which are stored 100% due to rainfall.Some of them are as follows

Dams Storage Percentage filled till 27/09/2013

Gangapur 5565 100%Kashyapi 1726 100%Gautamigodavari 1831 100%Palkhed 750 100%Waghad 2503 100%Punegaon 609 100%Darna 7149 100%Bhavli 1434 100%Valdevi 1133 100%Alandi 970 100%Bhojapur 358 100%Chankapur 2708 100%Haranbari 1166 100%Kelzar 572 100%

As the data shows, the availability of water in other districts, but the Shendra-Bidkin have to face the water scarcity, that to fulfilling the demand of 25mm3 for overall development including the Industrial Parks.

3. Solid waste should be dumped properly.

Total quantity of 13.42 MLD effluents is produced by MIDC industries resulting in water pollution. Proper measures should be taken by MIDC and DMIC to get control on these effluents. The major source of carcinogens, probable carcinogens and other toxins are bulk drugs and electroplating industries. Of the 107 MLD of domestic waste generated by Aurangabad Municipal Corporation, only 6.5 MLD of sewage is treated and the remainder is disposed without treatment into adjacent water bodies. Agricultural runoff, leach ate from MSW dump, illegal dump site etc. should be controlled. Pesticides and



fertilizers from 4 MIDCs cause hazardous pollution. The Aurangabad Municipal Corporation should have a scientific, secured solid waste dump.

4. Ground water contamination

For the ground water quality in MIDC Waluj as per the study conducted by NEERI says there are 32 wells. Actions should be taken by MIDC, Industries, and Irrigation Department to preserve these wells.

5. Proper control on scarcity of water

When water scarcity is analyzed from future estimates, adequate amount of water should be supplied with proper coordination to avoid the evaporation faced in other seasons.

6. Fulfilling the water Demand of DMIC

The estimated per day demand of 25 mm3 of water should plan prior, so that even in water scarcity, there will be adequate supply of water by MIDC. Accordingly plan should be made to fulfill this daily demand.

7. Public awareness and training for water savingCreating public Awareness for reducing wastage of water & conducting effective training for water

saving.8. Output Expectation of DMIC

When provided adequate amount of water, overall DMIC project in Maharashtra is expecting 46,409,571 INR MN Output in 2040.

Waste of water from Nahar E Palshi

Source: - Sakal Newspaper (dated on 3rd October, 2013)



9. Awareness of water saving by Aurangabad Municipal CorporationLakhs of liter of water is wasted of Nahar E Palshi due to avoidance of AMC. Lack of

proper Water Management is leading to water scarcity which is suffered by Population and also by projects such as DMIC. Proper water harvesting is necessary for fresh water. Due to which people are encroaching and using the water for construction. If AMC tries to use this water properly, the issue of drinking water can be controlled to a large extent.



Conclusion

As the current demand is 100mm3 by MIDC, but in actual they get 52mm3 of water from Irrigation for industrial use. So, there is gap of 48mm3 of water. The estimates by DMIC of 25mm3 of water are required after 2 years, because currently the land acquisition of total 8400 hectares for Shendra-Bidkin area. Proper treatment on dead stock can overcome the water scarcity for DMIC.

There is much that can be done to improve the productivity of water on technical grounds. The institutional, social and economic aspects of these improvements need to be carefully investigated to determine the feasibility of the DMIC project. But, given the fact that existing demand of water like drinking, irrigation and other water-using systems are not nearly as inefficient as they are commonly thought to be at the level of estimated efficiency, there will remain a need for further water development projects. This will require better conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water supplies, water conservation techniques, small and large dams.

Here is one of the examples of Bramhagavan Water Treatment Project, which will help in condition of water scarcity to refine and use the dead stock for DMIC and people will not be affected for scarcity of drinking water (fresh water). In the new era of water management, we should be able to fulfill the water demand so such projects, so that they will indirectly yield in successful implementation.

From this overall study, Shendra-Bidkin DMIC have to face water scarcity for its development, because the present and future gap between water demand and supply is high, which have to first prioritize drinking water and then industrial water.



Special Thanks to

Dr I.D. Alte, Professor, MGM IOM, Aurangabad.

Mr. Vyawahare, Irrigation Engineer, Aurangabad

Mr. Abasaheb Deshmukh, MIDC, Aurangabad

Mr. Choudhary, MIDC, Aurangabad

Mr. Kakade, Senior Engineer, WALMI, Auranagabd

Bibliography

Department of MIDC, Aurangabad.

Department of Irrigation, Paithan.

ISAS_Special Report No_14

Industrial Policy of Maharashtra 2013

http://aurangabad.nic.in

Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran, Aurangabad

AMC Water Annual Report, 2013.

www.dmic.gov.in

www.walmi.gov.in

Newspaper (Sakal dated on 3rd October,2013)


http://www.walmi.gov.in/

http://www.dmic.gov.in/

http://aurangabad.nic.in/


Annexure

Analysis of Water Supply and Demand

Calculation:

Present gap between demand and supply of water

Demand = 100mm3

Supply = 52mm3

100 - 52= 48mm3

The gap of 48mm3 water has occurred mainly due to less rainfall, inadequate storage capacity and improper water harvesting. The water scarcity can be solved by proper coordination. Water loss due to evaporation can be reduced by supplying from other dam to Jayakwadi during rainy season.

Current Demand for DMIC = 25mm3

As the present supply of water for MIDC is 52mm3 from which DMIC alone needs 25mm3. So, the dam is having total of 2909mm3 of water from which 0.55% will be requirement of Shendra-Bidkin DMIC Project.

Future Demand (2042) for DMIC = 58.18 mm3

This shows that for DMIC Project, MIDC have to increase its demand as per future requirement. The Overall requirement from dam will increase from) 0.55% to 2% of water.


research paper on status-stress of water management for delhi-mumbai industrial cooridor project

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