research & reviews a journal of life sciences (vol4, issue1)
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STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical
STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical
STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical
Jan - April 2014
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences
ISSN : 2348-9545(RRJoLS)
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences
(ISSN: 2348-9545)
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Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance
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Chandigarh, India.
STM Journal (s) Advisory Board
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Ashish RunthalaBirla Institute of Technology & Science,
Pilani, India.
Elena Zinovyevna GodinaInstitute and Museum of Anthropology,
Moscow State University, Russian Federation Russia.
Dr. Samuel Sunday AdebisiHuman Anatomy Department Faculty Of
Medicine Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria.
Dr. Saber Mohamed Abd-AllahFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef
University, Egypt.
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& Health Sciences United Arab Emirates
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Arab Emirates, United Arab Emirates.
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Department of Microbiology, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous),
Bangalore -27, India.
Professor Satpal Singh BishtRoland Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, India.
Rama Shanker Dubey Professor Department of Biochemistry
Faculty of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.
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Dr. Shrikant BalkisanPhDBioprocess Technology Head, R&D
Nurture Earth R&D Pvt Ltd Aurangabad Maharashtra, India.
Dr Baishnab Charan TripathyProfessor School of Life Science
Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi , India.
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Delhi.
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Nehru University New Delhi , India.
Dr. Sushil K. Jha School of Life Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, India.
Dr. M V Jagannadham Centre for Cellular and Molecular
Biology, Hyderabad ,Andhra Pradesh, India.
I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the Volume 4 Issue (1) of Research &
Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences (RRJoLS). The intension of RRJoLS is to create an atmosphere
that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Life Sciences .
The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by
eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoLS provides an outlet for Research findings
and reviews in areas of Life Sciences found to be relevant for National and International recent
developments & research initiative.
The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for
the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and
research in the domain of Life Sciences.
Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for
their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write-
ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With
regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality
Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.
I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.
Dr. Archana Mehrotra
Director
STM Journals
Director's Desk
STM JOURNALS
1. A New Protocol for Analysis of Metal Absorption Capacity of Cyanobacteria Akshya K. Mishra, Samir K. Bhoi, Saumendra Ku. Dash, Mihir K. Das 1
2. Investigation on the Efficacy of Leaf Extract of Goat Weed, Ageratum conyzoides on NR Biophysiological Characteristics of Black Gram Vigna mungo Infected with Root–Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita Pavaraj M, Rajan MK, Baskaran S, Balaji S 5
3. Isolation, Production and Purification of Antibiotics Isolation from Microbes from SoilJyotsana Nishad, Durvesh Kumar, Aman Chandra Kaushik, Dheeraj Yadav, Rahul Yadav, Shrikant Yadav 10
4. Role of Raman Spectrometry in Understanding Structure, Function, and Position of Lipids in a CellAshutosh Debata, Darshan Panda, Sandeep Dhuper 19
ContentsResearch & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences
RRJoLS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences ISSN: 2348-9545
Volume 4 Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
A New Protocol for Analysis of Metal Absorption
Capacity of Cyanobacteria
Akshya K. Mishra, Samir K. Bhoi, Saumendra Ku. Dash, Mihir K. Das* Department of Botany, Gangadhar Meher (Autonomous) College, Sambalpur-768004, Odisha, India
Abstract Cyanobacteria are one of the microorganisms that have high potential for removing
heavy metals from the soil and water. They can sequester heavy metal ions in a short
period of time through adsorption and absorption mechanisms. In the present investigation, authors have studied metal absorption capacity of cyanobacteria using a
new method and a new instrument Electrolyter-1005, developed by the authors. From the
result, it was concluded that Calothrix sp. is more efficient than Anabaena sp. for removal of HgCl2 so far as their EC50 value is concerned. It is also concluded that
OAEAGPS value is useful in selection of species for industrial bioremediation programs. This Electrolyter-1005 instrument is very cost-effective so that it can be useful for
microbiologists and environmentalists in their research purposes.
Keywords: Electrolyter-1005, cyanobacteria, heavy metals, industrial
bioremediation.
RRJoLS (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences ISSN: 2348–9545
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Investigation on the Efficacy of Leaf Extract of Goat
Weed, Ageratum conyzoides on NR Biophysiological
Characteristics of Black Gram Vigna mungo Infected with
Root–Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Pavaraj M*, Rajan MK, Baskaran S, Balaji S Post-graduate and Research Department of Zoology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College
(Autonomous), Sivakasi-626124, India
Abstract Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne sp. are economically important plant pathogens
affecting root system that can be managed by cultural practices, chemical nematicides
and resistant cultivars. Use of nematicides for the management of root knot nematodes is restricted due to environmental and human health concerns in addition to nematicides
often being unable to provide long-term suppression of pathogens. Therefore, there is a
need to develop alternate ecofriendly management strategies for the control of root-knot nematodes, including use of biocontrol agents, plant products and organic amendments.
Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate biophysiological characteristics, such as NR activity, total chlorophyll and phenol content of nematode infecting black
gram Vigna mungo and treated with leaf extract of Ageratum conyzoides. The study
reveals that the NR activity and chlorophyll content were decreased with increasing inoculum levels of Meloidogyne incognita (5 and 10 egg masses) and the phenol content
was feared to increase with increasing inoculum levels of Meloidogyne incognita egg masses. In the inoculated plants treated with leaf extract these constituents were found be
increasing than the inoculated control plants except the total phenol content.
Keywords: Root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, ageratum conyzoides, plant
extract, phenol, chlorophyll, NR activity.
RRJoLS (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences ISSN: 2348-9545
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Isolation, Production and Purification of Antibiotics
Isolation from Microbes from Soil
Jyotsana Nishad1*, Durvesh Kumar
2, Aman Chandra Kaushik
2,
Dheeraj Yadav2, Rahul Yadav
2, Shrikant Yadav
2
1Sai Nath Group of Education, Baroli, Agra, UP, India
2School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, UP, India
Abstract A chemical compound acting against life is called antibiotic. The term “antibiotic”
literally means “against life.” The term appeared as early as 1928 in the French microbiological literature as antibiosis. The phenomenon of antagonism between living
organisms was frequently observed even since 1877, when Pasteur and Joubert noticed
that aerobic bacteria antagonized the growth of Bacillus anthracis. However, the word in
its present restrictive meaning, “a chemical substance derived from microorganisms,
which has the capacity of inhibiting growth and even destroying other organisms in dilute solutions” was introduced by Selman and Waksman in 1942. The goal is to isolate
the antibiotic-producing microbe from soil and production and purification of antibiotics.
To achieve the goal, soil sample from the rhizosphere of Tulsi was diluted by serial dilution method and plated on nutrient agar medium. Primary screening was done to
check the zone of inhibitions. Strain from the zone of inhibition was picked up and pure culture was made by streaking method on plate: Crowded Plate Technique and slants for
further analysis. Based on the above experimental study, the authors have arrived at the
following conclusions:
Strain A-4 was found to be having better antimicrobial activity in comparison with
other soil isolates, which have been investigated.
The morphological, biochemical studies of strain A-4 showed the characteristic
features of the family Enterobacteriaceae
The growth medium and parameters were optimized for maximum production of
antibiotic from A-4
Keywords: Antibiotics, microorganism, upstream processing.
RRJoLS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences ISSN: 2348-9545
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Role of Raman Spectrometry in Understanding Structure,
Function, and Position of Lipids in a Cell
Ashutosh Debata1*, Darshan Panda
2, Sandeep Dhuper
3
1DRIEMS Group of Institutes, Tangi, Cuttack, India
2,3Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
Abstract Recent researches focus on the functional aspects of lipids as they equally perform with proteins and enzymes in metabolism and other biological processes. Lipids are fatty
substances soluble only in alcohol and ethers but insoluble in water or other polar
solvents. The Raman spectrometry is a proven technique used for proper understanding of the structure, function and position of lipids in a cell. The lipid study can be done
using a home-built Raman spectroscope which is an additional advantage. When
monochromatic light from a LASER source hits the sample lipids with a particular wavelength, the electron cloud present in the functional groups of sample tend to scatter
light. This scattering of light is referred as Raman Effect that produces Raman spectra. Intensity of Raman spectra is directly proportional to the degree of unsaturation in the
sample lipid in vivo. A study infers that the ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 should be high to
avoid cardiovascular diseases, even cancer and other autoimmune diseases. Another study suggested that Mediterranean diets are suitable for consumption as they contain
polyunsaturated fatty acids. In cancer diagnosis, Raman microspectrometric serves to be
one of the tools in studying the lipid content in breast cancer cells.
Keywords: Raman spectroscopy, lipids, raman spectra, degree of unsaturation,
cis and tran’s configuration