research vectors and applications of advanced mechatronics · •electromechanical energy...
TRANSCRIPT
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Research Vectors and Applications of Advanced Mechatronics
Arda Tüysüz and Johann W. KolarPower Electronic Systems Laboratory
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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Agenda
3 18 Slides 3 Slides 16 Slides
MechatronicsPast, Present, Future
Component and System Level Optimization
Tackling the Challenges
Advanced MechatronicsThe Day After Tomorrow
4
Conclusion
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MechatronicsPast, Present, Future
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■ Exponential Development
< 1900 Mechanical1900 Mechanical + Electrical1950 Mechanical + Electrical + Electronic Electronic Motion Control1975 Mechanical + Electrical + Electronic + Computation Mechatronics2000 Mechanical + Electrical + Electronic + Computation + Information Tech. Digitalization
► Development of Motion Control Systems
James Watt’s Steam Engine Integrated Drive System Digitalization / Internet of Things
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► Future Innovation in Mechatronics: Components and Systems
• 1st Step for Gaining Competitive Advantage:Further Optimize the «Component»
Ultra-Compact & Efficient Converter
High-Precision Sensors
High-Speed DigitalSignal Processing
High-PerformanceMechanics
Ultra-High-Speed Electrical Machines
Ultra-Compact & EfficientElectrical Machines
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► Future Innovation in Mechatronics: Components and Systems
• 2nd Step for Gaining Competitive Advantage:Target «System
Level»
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«Component» Level Optimization
Compact/LightweightEfficientReliableLow-CostIntegrated
..Components
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► Lightweight and Highly Efficient Electric Motors
■ Comprehensive Multiphysics Machine Models(Electromagnetic, Mechanical, Thermal)
■ Multi-Objective Pareto-Optimization tofind Optimal Design Parameters
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► Modern Transportation: E-Mobility
■ High-Performance Components
• Efficient and Lightweight Motor• High-Power Battery Charger• Long-Lifetime Batteries• High-Reliability Battery Monitoring/Protection• Fault Tolerant Overall System• ….
■ Integrated Design!
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► Modern Transportation: E-Mobility
■ High-Performance Components
• Efficient and Lightweight Motor• High-Power Battery Charger• Long-Lifetime Batteries• High-Reliability Battery Monitoring/Protection• Fault Tolerant Overall System• ….
■ Integrated Design• Power Electronics• Control Electronics• Actuators• Mechanics• Energy Storage• Cooling
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► Modern Transportation: E-Mobility
■ High-Performance Components
• Efficient and Lightweight Motor• High-Power Battery Charger• Long-Lifetime Batteries• High-Reliability Battery Monitoring/Protection• Fault Tolerant Overall System• ….
■ Integrated Design• Power Electronics• Control Electronics• Actuators• Mechanics• Energy Storage• Cooling
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► Modern Transportation: E-Mobility
■ High-Performance Components
• Efficient and Lightweight Motor• High-Power Battery Charger• Long-Lifetime Batteries• High-Reliability Battery Monitoring/Protection• Fault Tolerant Overall System• ….
■ Integrated Design• Power Electronics• Control Electronics• Actuators• Mechanics• Energy Storage• Cooling
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► Modern Transportation: E-Mobility
■ High-Performance Components
• Efficient and Lightweight Motor• High-Power Battery Charger• Long-Lifetime Batteries• High-Reliability Battery Monitoring/Protection• Fault Tolerant Overall System• ….
■ Integrated Design• Power Electronics• Control Electronics• Actuators• Mechanics• Energy Storage• Cooling
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► Modern Transportation: E-Mobility
■ High-Performance Components
• Efficient and Lightweight Motor• High-Power Battery Charger• Long-Lifetime Batteries• High-Reliability Battery Monitoring/Protection• Fault Tolerant Overall System• ….
■ Integrated Design• Power Electronics• Control Electronics• Actuators• Mechanics• Energy Storage• Cooling
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► Integrated Cooling for High Power Densities
■ Degrees-of-Freedom for Improved Utilization• Manufacturing methods• Materials• Cooling
Integrated cooling (slotless machines)+ Smart design:
Fast empirical models for coolingMagnetic ↔ Mechanical ↔ Thermal
+ > 40 oC hotspot temp. reduction
(2) Integrated cooling
Coolant Core
Rotor
Winding
(1 – 2)(1) (2)
(1) Jacket cooling(State of the art)
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► Integrated Power Electronics in Smart Drives
■ Highest Compactness by Integration• Shorter Connections between Components• Common Housing and Cooling System
for Motor & Inverter
■ 3-Phase Si-IGBT Inverter in p2pack-Technology• Snom 32 kVA• Vin 700 V• fout 0 - 800 Hz• fsw 20 kHz
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► Integrated Power Electronics in Smart Drives
■ Smart Tooth Concept• Stator Segment• Power Electronics• Control Electronics
■ Higher Power Density■ Fault Tolerance■ Higher Efficiency■ Lower Cost
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► Low-Maintenance Long-Lifetime Electric Drives
■ Bearing Failure is the Most Common Failurein Adjustable Speed Drives
■ Bearing Currents• Common-Mode Voltages• High dv/dt• Parasitic Capacitances
• Active/Passive Filtering Methods• Condition Monitoring/Diagnostics
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«System» Level Optimization
HybridizationElectrificationEnergy Management
.. of Systems
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► Electrification of Smart Systems – Energy Management
Short Term Storage
Long Term Storage
Wide Application
Area
■ Smart Power Solutions ─ Combination of Motors / Actuators and El. Storage
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► Layers of Hybridization / Key Competences
■ System-Specific Optimization
• Heavy Power Fluctuation• Power Regeneration• Weak Power Supply/Grid• Actuators (Machines) with
Low Efficiency in certain Operating Regions
• Load Profiles• Present System Structure/Design Freedoms
(Limits of Allowed Materials, Operating Conditions,…)• Performance Goals
(Supply Decoupling, Overall Efficiency, Cost,…)
• Batteries (Li-Ion, Lead Acid, Redox-Flow, etc.) and Supercapacitors• Battery State-of-Charge, Monitoring, Aging• Modular Power Electronics Converters • Communication between System Components (Software, ICT) • Optimal Design Platform for Hybrid Systems
■ Key Competences for a “Competitive Edge”
■ Target System ■ System Optimization Based on
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► Example #1
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► Example #2
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► Example #3
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► Example #4
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► Example #5
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Tackling the Challenges• Electromechanical Energy Harvesting • Advanced Motion Control
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► Energy Harvesting in Railway Applications (1)
■ Wheel Lock During Braking• Cost of Repair• Downtimes• Replacement Costs
■ Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) • Electrical Power Not Available for
Controller on Freight Wagons
■ A New Concept For Local Energy Harvesting• Non-Contact• Modular• Robust• Self-starting
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► Energy Harvesting in Railway Applications (2)
■ Optimization for Scaled Test Setups
• Energy Harvester • Permanent-Magnet Speed Sensors
Kinetic Energy Harvester
Cogging-CompensatingGenerator
IntegratedPower Electronics
Mechanical Cover
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► Advanced Motion Control – A Solution Platform
■ Base Technology Package
• Inverter Topology Selection/ Dimensioning• Modular Control Firmware• Thermal and Mechanical Integration
• Volume/Weight Reduction• Cost Reduction• Hardware in the Loop Verification
■ Key Competence Across Industries
• Railway• Aircraft• Commercial Vehicle• … • Condition Monitoring
• Optimum Speed/Torque Profiles
• Integrated Actuators (Reluctance, PM, Induction)
• Universal Input
• Optimized Power Electronics
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Advanced MechatronicsThe Day After Tomorrow
Medical ApplicationsFuture MobilityDigitalization / Internet of Things
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Advanced MechatronicsThe Day After Tomorrow
Medical ApplicationsFuture MobilityDigitalization / Internet of Things
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► Paradigm Shift in Healthcare – Biomechatronics
■ Future of Medical Technology (Future MegaTrend in the Developed World)
• Personalized/Smart Medicine• Drug Delivery Robots• Implantable Mechatronics• Assisted Surgery/Robot Surgeons
■ Novel, Interdisciplinary Approaches are Needed→ New Competence Centers in Leading Universities
Biotech. &Medicine
Control &Electromech.
Mechanics & Materials
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► Paradigm Shift in Healthcare – Biomechatronics
■ New Competence Centers in Leading Universities
■ ETH Zurich + University of Zurich + University Hospital
• Major Infrastructure Planning• Medical Competence Center• Natural sciences, engineering and medical sciences
New Zurich Centre for University MedicineUniversity District of Zurich Today
Biotech. &Medicine
Control &Electromech.
Mechanics & Materials
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► Paradigm Shift in Healthcare – Biomechatronics
■ New Competence Centers in Leading Universities
■ Enhanced Delivery Ecosystem for Neurosurgery
• Robotic-Assisted neurosurgical drug delivery• EU Horizon 2020 Funding: € 8’300’000
• Imperial College London• Universita’ di Milano• Politecnico di Milano• Technical University of Munich• Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen
Biotech. &Medicine
Control &Electromech.
Mechanics & Materials
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► Paradigm Shift in Healthcare – Biomechatronics
■ New Competence Centers in Leading Universities
■ Stanford University Bio-X Laboratory■ Stanford University ChEM-H Laboratory■ MIT Biomechatronics Group■ …
Biotech. &Medicine
Control &Electromech.
Mechanics & Materials
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■ Four Robotic Arms Holding a Camera and Surgical Instruments■ Complex Procedures with Minimum Invasion due to Small Incisions■ Quicker Recovery Time and Shorter Hospital Stay
► Robotically Assisted Surgical Systems
dukeregional.com
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■ Elimination of Ball Bearings for High Purity■ Hydrodynamic Thrust Bearing (Blood as Fluid)■ Passive Magnetic Bearings
► Implantable Left-Ventricular Assist Device
■ Highly Compact Electrical Drive for Implantable Blood Pump
Source: heartware.com
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► Transcutaneous Power Supply
■ Implanted Devices with Ever-Higher Energy Demand (e.g. Heart-Assist Devices)• High Risk of Severe Infections due to Conductive Connection
■ Fully-Implantable LVAD• Wireless Power Transfer• Wireless Communication• Implated Battery Backup• Implanted Motor Inverter
& Electrical Blood Pump
► Zurich Heart Project:
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► Robotic Exoskeleton for Humans
■ Helping Patients with Partial Paralysis or for Rehabilitation After Injury■ Assist Workers with Heavy Lifting or Other Manual Tasks■ Protection of Firefighters/Soldiers in Harsh Environments
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► Integrated Actuator Concepts for Medical Devices
■ Optimization of Machine Design for Application Specific Requirements
■ Lateral-Stator Machine Concept• Novel Actuator Topology• Direct Drive• 3 x Higher Local Torque Density
■ 2/3-D Numeric Analysis and Optimization
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► Integrated Actuator Concepts for Medical Devices
■ Optimization of Machine Design for Application Specific Requirements
■ Lateral-Stator Machine Concept• Novel Actuator Topology• Direct Drive• 3 x Higher Local Torque Density
■ Topology-Specific Integrated Position Sensor• Compact Realization• Load Independent
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Advanced MechatronicsThe Day After Tomorrow
Medical ApplicationsFuture MobilityDigitalization / Internet of Things
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► Future of Transportation: Towards the Full Electric Aircraft
■ Today: Full electric 2-seater planes for pilot training■ Near Future: Electric propulsion for regional transportation
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► Future of Transportation: Towards the Full Electric Aircraft
■ Reduction of Fuel Consumption and CO2-Footprint• Lower Noise Emissions and Environmental Impact
■ Multi-Disciplinary InnovationOpportunities!
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► Towards the Full Electric Aircraft
■ Reduction of Fuel Consumption and CO2-Footprint• Lower Noise Emissions and Environmental Impact
■ Multi-Disciplinary InnovationOpportunities!
• Motion Control (Motors, Power El., Control,…)+
• Fuel Cells• Batteries• Superconductors• Composite Materials• …
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Advanced MechatronicsThe Day After Tomorrow
Medical ApplicationsFuture MobilityDigitalization / Internet of Things
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► Industry 4.0 / Digitalization / Internet of Things
■ Interoperability Devices and people connect and communicate
■ Information TransparencyVirtual copy of the physical world by increasing the amount of sensors
■ Technical Assistance• Provide humans with comprehensive information • Physically support humans by taking over certain tasks
■ Decentralized Decisions Autonomy of cyber-physical systems Human input only for exceptions
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► Industry 4.0 / Digitalization / Internet of Things
■ Condition Monitoring with Add-on Wireless Sensors • Low Investment Cost• Vibration, Sounds, Temperature,…• Processing of Data in the Cloud• Predictive Maintenance
■ High-Fidelity Models• 4-D Simulations of Factories• Virtual Commissioning
■ Remote Support• Expert Data Analysis • Higher Productivity • Enhancing reliability
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► Industry 4.0 / Digitalization / Internet of Things
■ Disruptive Changes in Industries, Markets, and Global Economy
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Conclusions
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Future Perspectivesfor Mechatronics
► Possible Ways for «Component» and «System» Performance Improvement• Miniaturization • Application Specific Design• Integrated Design• Systemization (Converter, Actuator, Sensor, Storage, …)• …
► Future High-Performance «Smart» Systems• Healthcare & Medical Systems• Mobility on Land/Air/Sea• Digitalization / Internet of Things• ...
► Summary
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► Smart Mechatronic Systems
■ Cover Core Competences in Mechatronic Areas
• Interdisciplinary Engineering Knowledge• Application-Specific Combination of
High-Performance Components
• Characteristics Smart Integrated Hybrid Ubiquitous
• Future Automatization (Machine Learning) Modularization Internet of Things, Services, People
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► Endless Product Innovation Possibleby Combination of Core Elements Bounded only by
• Laws of Physics• Material Properties• Imagination / Vision
«Multiplication by Infinity»
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Thank You!Questions?