resilience tech
TRANSCRIPT
Kids
Adversity
chaosecological threat
social interactions
World viewSocial theory
trust/safetyvigilancedefense
SNSHPA
biological defense responses• neural remodeling• inflammation & impaired antiviral resp.• niche selection (smoke, alcohol, activity)
Disease
How do we measure?How do we change?
connection
purpose
control
3 questions of recent interest:
How powerful is psychological resilience in biological health?
How can we measure “threat” and “resilience”?
How can we change them?
Civ
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CP
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Resilience
CT
RA
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exp
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inte
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Nepali former child soldiers
Nepal child soldier study PI: Dr. Brandon KohrtN = 254 blood sampled in 2013, at age 15-26 yrs, 46% female7 years out from war’s end in 200652% former child soldier (1/4 combat exposure), 48% civilian child control11% significant post-traumatic stress symptoms
Lonely
Integrated
How not to live
How should we live?
How often do you feel happy?
How often do you feel satisfied?
Keyes MHC-SF - Hedonic
Life has direction and meaning?
Grow and become a better person? Keyes MHC-SF – Eudaimonic
Fredrickson et al., PNAS, 2013
FOSFOSBFOSL1FOSL2JUNJUNBJUNDNFKB1NFKB2RELRELARELB
Infla
mm
atio
n
Ab/IFN
Eudaimonic
Hedonic
IL1AIL1BIL6IL8TNFPTGS1PTGS2
IGJ IGLL1 IGLL3
GBP1 IFI16 IFI27 IFI27L1 IFI27L2 IFI30 IFI35 IFI44 IFI44L IFI6 IFIH1 IFIT1 IFIT1L IFIT2 IFIT3 IFIT5
IFITM1 IFITM2 IFITM3 IFITM4P IFITM5 IFNB1 IRF8 IRF2 IRF7 MX1 MX2 OAS1 OAS2 OAS3 OASL
Favorable
Adverse
Fredrickson et al., PNAS, 2013
3 questions of recent interest:
Does psychological resilience really matter for biological health?
How can we measure the “threat psychology” that drives effects of adversity?
Just listen better…
Don’t ask.
Ignore the content.
Pay attention to the
style.
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Pre
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Natural language markers of “threat/safety” gene expression
Emory CALM study PIs: Dr. Charles Raison, Tad Pace, Matthias MehlN = 144, blood sampled in 2012, age 25-56 yrs, 66% femaleMostly Emory University staffEAR data from 1-week baseline period of a subsequent RCT of mindfulness vs compassion meditation
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3 questions of recent interest:
Does psychological resilience really matter for biological health?
How can we measure the “threat psychology” that drives effects of adversity?
How can we change threat psychology?
Cultivating positive leukocytes
Cognitive-behavioralAntoni et al. (2012) Biological Psychiatry 71:366–372
Mindfulness Creswell et al. (2012) Brain, Behavior, & Immunity 26:1095-1101
Relaxation response / mindfulnessBhasin et al. (2013) PLoS ONE, 8:e62817
Yogic meditation Qu et al. (2013) PLoS ONE, 8:e61910Black et al. (2013) Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38:348-55
YogaBower et al. (2014) Psychoneuroendocrinology, 43:20-29
Tai ChiIrwin et al. (2014) Journal of the National Cancer Institute, in press.
What if you can’t stand… medication? Or meditation?
Maybe try just being nice!
Goetz et al., Psychological Bulletin, 2010Porges, Psychophysiology, 1995Porges, Int J Psychophys, 2001
Adversity
ChaosEcological threat
Social hx/intx
trust/safetyvigilancedefense
SNSHPA
Biological defense responses• neural remodeling• inflammation / GCR• niche selection (smoke, alc, activity)
Disease
PurposeConnection
Control
Technology
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
1. Shrink the scope of work2. Get lots of ideas3. Pick a favorite OR combine features
As described in Decisive (2013),by Chip Heath & Dan Heath
As described in Decisive (2013),by Chip Heath & Dan Heath
1. Shrink the scope of work2. Get lots of ideas3. Pick a favorite OR combine features
1. Shrink the scope of work2. Get lots of ideas3. Pick a favorite OR combine features
As described in Decisive (2013),by Chip Heath & Dan Heath
As described in Decisive (2013),by Chip Heath & Dan Heath
1. Shrink the scope of work2. Get lots of ideas3. Pick a favorite OR combine features
1. Shrink the scope of work2. Get lots of ideas3. Pick a favorite OR combine features4. Who decides?
Download from the App Store:Mood Meter—Building your emotional intelligence
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
Attentional path to Eudaimonia: direct attention away from the self, and outward, toward others and the world around us.
How can we increase eudaimonic well-being?The happiness that comes from having a sense of purpose and meaning in life….
“Attention is the rarest and purest form of generosity.”
~Simone Weil
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
sector eval: apps benchmarking study new metrics: biomarkers/genomics
state analytics- natural language- big data
2. selection: evaluation infrastructure
1. mutation: tech development infrastructure
Accelerating the evolution of resilience technology
websystems: UCB Greater Good in Action mobile apps: RULER Mood Meter videogames: Re-Mission 2
SMS text: Text2Connect wearables: Zamzee 2G & mApp
Apps benchmarking study 2014
Assessed for Eligibilty
Randomized
> 18 years oldEnglish fluent
Own iPhone, iOS ≥ 6.0
App-1Live Happy
[happiness]n=20
App-2Happier
[happiness]n=20
App-3GPS-4-Soul
[mindfulness]n=20
App-4Calm
[mindfulness]n=20
App-4Weird Facts
[control]n=20
Day 42 Survey, T3
Baseline
Mid-Study Assessments
End Study
Informed Consent
Day 0 Survey, T0
Dispense App
Day 10 Survey, T1
Day 20 Survey, T2
BM
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verb
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CT
RA
ge
ne
exp
ress
ion
(pro
infla
m –
inte
rfer
on –
ant
ibod
y)Natural language markers of “threat/safety” gene expression
Emory CALM study PIs: Dr. Charles Raison, Tad Pace, Matthias MehlN = 144, blood sampled in 2012, age 25-56 yrs, 66% femaleMostly Emory University staffEAR data from 1-week baseline period of a subsequent RCT of mindfulness vs compassion meditation
EAR Meta Function wordsEAR Code
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Resilience scale – culturally adapted for Nepal1. I am able to depend on myself more than anyone else2. I can be on my own if I have to3. I usually take things in stride4. I feel that I can handle many things at a time5. I am determined6. I can usually find something to laugh about7. My belief in myself gets me through hard times8. I have enough energy to do what I have to do9. I am resilient
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Co
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Emory CALM study PIs: Dr. Charles Raison, Tad Pace, Matthias MehlN = 119, genes = 41blood sampled in 2012, age 25-55 yrs, 68% femaleMostly Emory University staff
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– a
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UNC SOBC2 studyPI: Dr. Barbara Fredrickson
N = 91, genes = 52blood sampled in 2013-2014, age 35-67 yrs, 73% female
Chapel Hill adults, UNC staff
Effect of meditation on CTRA gene expression
SummaryA mobile app that allows users to collect and share happy moments with people they care about. Users share moments and things in their lives that make them happier and can record 3 positive things a day that make them happy.
How does is work?The application lets you choose from several different happiness promoting activities or by taking a quiz will suggest the best ones for you. The app provides information as to why and how the particular activity promotes happiness and about the different personality traits.
App-1 [happiness]Live Happy
Examples of Activities
App-2 [happiness]Happier
SummaryA mobile happiness boosting program that provides user’s with insight on their personality traits and provides exercises to boost gratitude, optimism and social connections.
How does is work?A user posts something, with our with a photo, that made them happy, such as a yummy taco or a visit with a friend. A user can push out the post to Facebook or Twitter and tag friends who are also members of the Happier community. Posts from other users can be browsed and commented on or liked.
App-3 [mindfulness]GPS for the Soul
SummaryA mobile mindfulness boosting program that gives sensor feedback on current physical state (stressed or calm) and provides guides for shifting your state through reflection or meditation.
How does is work?A user can opt to go straight to one of the many provided guides or first measure their current state before starting a guide. The phone’s camera is used as a photoplethysmograph and a user is told if they are stressed or calm. A user can also create a custom guide with their own music, photos and quotes or use a custom guide created and shared by another user.
App-4 [mindfulness]Calm
SummaryA mobile app for meditation with images and sounds of nature.
How does is work?The user choses a nature image to serve as the background. Each image has the natural associated sounds, such as rain, waves or a breeze blowing through a field. The user can then customize the length of the mediation session and if they want to activate the sleep mode. A user can also opt for a guided meditation that focus on breath or posture.
App-5 [control condition]Weird Facts
SummaryA mobile app that serves up one of 1000 an odd fact each time you open it.
How does is work?When you open the app a random fact is on the screen. A user can opt to scroll through the pages of 1000 facts or can close the app and be served up a different fact next time they open the app. That is all it does.
Attentional path to Eudaimonia: direct attention away from the self, and outward, toward others and the world around us.
How can we increase eudaimonic well-being?The happiness that comes from having a sense of purpose and meaning in life….
“Attention is the rarest and purest form of generosity.”
~Simone Weil
Attentional path to Eudaimonia: direct attention away from the self, and outward, toward others and the world around us.
Tomorrow, you are to perform three nice things for others, all three in one day.
Tomorrow, you are to perform three nice things to improve the world, all three in one day.
Tomorrow, you are to perform three nice things for yourself, all three in one day.
Tomorrow, as you go about your day, please keep track of your activities. Do not alter your routine in any way; simply keep track of what you do.
How can we increase eudaimonic well-being?The happiness that comes from having a sense of purpose and meaning in life….
Psychology Department Subject Pool
(n = 152)
Amazon Mechanical Turk(n = 154)
Community(n = 154)
Others(n = 120)
World(n = 118)
Self(n = 118)
Control(n = 116)
Positive emotionsEudaimonic well-being
Social well-being
Week 1 Week 5 Week 73.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0World
Other
Self
Control
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B
Eudaimonic well-being
Attention as a key resource for resilience #2
Direct attention toward others, to support empathy, compassion, connection and the good personal health that comes from eudaimonic well-being.
Next step: Gene expression profiling blood in UC Riverside random acts of kindness study.
Next step: EAR language markers of PCC.
Next step: mTech attentional interventions.(S. Konrath, E. Falk, L. Weiss)
Natural language markers of “threat/safety” gene expression
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Emory CALM study PIs: Dr. Charles Raison, Tad Pace, Matthias MehlN = 144, blood sampled in 2012, age 25-56 yrs, 66% femaleMostly Emory University staffEAR data from 1-week baseline period
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Mehl language threat marker results
Good CTRA: • more “they” less “we” and “I”• Also: more conjunctions, less articles & adverbs• Also: more DeepConvo, less TV; more talking, more
alone• New non-conscious objective metrics for impact.
• Language is the primary medium of community. • And it is the primary interface to individual psychology. As long as we don’t get too
self-conscious about it. Which is exactly what happens in questionnaires.