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This PowerPoint 2007 template produces a 36”x48” trifold presentation poster. You can use it to create your research poster and save valuable time placing titles, subtitles, text, and graphics. We provide a series of online tutorials that will guide you through the poster design process and answer your poster production questions. To view our template tutorials, go online to PosterPresentations.com and click on HELP DESK. When you are ready to print your poster, go online to PosterPresentations.com Need assistance? Call us at 1.510.649.3001

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ORIGINAL   DISTORTED  

Corner  handles  

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Participants: 11th grade boys in required American History course. 12th grade boys in history elective, World War II. No ability groupings for history classes. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paper parameters: •  5 full pages in MLA format not including the Works Cited

page •  A minimum of 5 sources: 1 print, 4 electronic •  Rough draft was fully noted for any potential plagiarism.

To delineate the patterns of plagiarism in the history research papers of male high school students through tracking citable terms connected to quantities after targeted information literacy instruction.

Introduc>on:    History  Teacher/Librarian  Collabora>on  

   

Content  Analysis  of  Quan>ty  Terms  for  Plagiarism  –  AJer  Instruc>on  &  Rough  DraJ  Correc>ons    

Results  

   (1.)  Advanced  phrases  &  vocabulary:    Centre,  ubiquitous,    hunter-­‐killer  missions,  Communist  expansionist  commitment  

     (2.)  Piecing  together  electronic  informa/on  chunks  with  

consecu/ve  cita/ons.        (3.)  Cause  confusion  with  parenthe/cal  cita/ons:                  a.    (Dorfman)  for  a  cita/on  from  Jstor  with  pagina/on                  b.  Source  is  missing  from  Works  Cited  page.        (4.)  The  common  knowledge  argument:    “If  I  know  it,  it      

doesn’t  need  a  cita/on!”        (5.)    Same  author,  mul/ple  sources:  (Hickman)  

 Hickman,  Kennedy.    “M4  Sherman  Tank:  World  War  I  Icon.”      Hickman,  Kennedy.    “World  War  II:    Opera/on  Torch.”  

   

 

   

   

The  5  Most  Common  Types  of  E-­‐Plagiarism  

   1.  Ideal:    Basic  paraphrasing  prac/ce,  all  levels.        2.  Emphasize  publica/on  details  of  electronic  sources.        3.    Provide  teachers  with  basic  examples  of  plagiarism.        4.  Help  students  individually.    We  are  the  experts.        5.  Honor  codes  are  meaningless  without  instruc/on.  

       

Objec>ve  of  the  Study      

Terry  Darr,  Loyola  Blakefield  Loyola  Blakefield  is  a  private,  independent,  Jesuit  secondary  school  for  boys  from  grades  6-­‐12  in  Towson,  Maryland.    

Enrollment  is  970.    Tui/on  is  $19,300  a  year.          

300  Teenage  Boys  Discuss  E-­‐Plagiarism  

0  

50  

100  

150  

200  

250  

300  

350  

400  

11th  grade   12th  grade  

236   242  

122  

62  

112  

382  

56  14  

158  192  

Numbe

r  of  C

ita>o

ns      

Groups  of  Students  

Types  of  Quan>ty  Terms  Analyzed  

People  

Time  

Objects  

Cost  

Measurement  

 

   

 

1.  Review  50  papers  at  random  for  each  group  of  students.  2.  Note  language  connected  to  quan//es  in  student  papers.  3.  Note  type  of  quan/ty  language  with  code:  

 P:    people    O:    objects    C:    cost    M:    measurement    T:    /me  frames  

4.      Note  correct  and  incorrect  cita/ons.  

Informa>on  Literacy  =  Plagiarism  Preven>on  

Methodology    

Quan>ty  Terms:    Defined      

E-resources for students

6.8  6.15  

5.27  6.14   6.56  

9.36  

0  

1  

2  

3  

4  

5  

6  

7  

8  

9  

10  

11th:  2009   12th:  2009   11th:  2010   12th:  2010   11th:  2011   12th:  2011  

 #  Qua

n>ty  Cita

>ons/Pap

er  

Grade:    Year  

Average  #  Quan>ty  Terms  Per  Paper  

40  

25  

44  

34  28  

8  

0  5  10  15  20  25  30  35  40  45  50  

11th:  2009   12th:  2009   11th:  2010   12th:  2010   11th:  2011   12th:  2011  

%  of  Ind

ividua

l  Erro

rs  

Grade:  Year  

%  of  Individual  Plagiarism  Errors  AJer  Correc>ons  

   Quan>ty  terms:    The  most  common  type  of  cita/ons  in  high  school  history  research  papers.  For  example:    1000  soldiers,  the  war  cost  $2  billion.          Quan>ty  plagiarism:    The  most  common  type  of  plagiarism  connected  to  details  applied  to  quan//es.    

       People:    Soldiers,  ci/zens,  refugees          Time:  Elapsed  /me  in  minutes,  years,  seconds,  hours,  months          Objects:  Inven/ons  and  other  products,  guns,  cars          Cost:    Amounts  in  dollars          Measurement:    Yards,  miles,  inches,  feet  

11th  graders:    185%  increase  in  cita/on  frequency  over  3  school  years.  12th  graders:    52%  increase  in  cita/on  frequency  over  3  school  years.  

54   53  

84  

50  

22  37  

0  10  20  30  40  50  60  70  80  90  

11th:  2009   12th:  2009   11th:  2010   12th:  2010   11th:  2011   12th:  2011  

%  Pap

ers  

Grade:  Year  

%  Student  Papers  with  Plagiarism  AJer  Correc>ons  

1.  Quan/ty  terms  are  the  most  common  in  history  research  papers.    Each  content  area  will  have  its  own  points  of  reference.    2.  Informa/on  literacy  instruc/on  on  plagiarism  preven/on  worked.    Both  groups  showed  significant  improvement  in  number  of  cita/ons  and  error  rates.  

 3.  The  informa/on  literacy  instruc/on  process  was  iden/cal  for  both  groups:    paraphrasing  prac/ce,  cita/on  prac/ce,  review  of  resources,  source  publica/on  informa/on,  discussion  of  plagiarism.      

 4.  Both  grades  are  inconsistent  with  cita/ons.    Some  students  missed  1  out  of  7  cita/ons  in  a  paper  –  this  is  realis/c  and  expected  for  high  schools  students.  

 5.  No  ability  groupings  means  academic  ap/tude  varied  in  each  class.    6.  Mi/ga/ng  factors  with  boys:  immaturity,  lack  of  amen/on  to  detail,  &  lack  of  experience  with  research.    7.  11th  graders  were  more  willing  to  correct  errors  than  12th  graders.      

11th  graders:    An  average  of  53%  of  the  individual  research  papers  had  at  least  1  plagiarism  occurrence.    Errors  decreased  59%  over  three  school  years.  12th  graders:    An  average  of  46%  of  the  individual  research  papers  had  at  least  1  plagiarism  occurrence.  Errors  decreased  30%  over  three  school  years.  

11th  graders:    Average  plagiarism  error  rate  of  37.3%.    Errors  decreased  30%  over  three  school  years.  12th  graders:  Average  plagiarism  error  rate  of  22.4%.    Errors  decreased  68%  over  three  school  years.  

Quan>ty  terms  were  the  most  commonly  used  cita/ons.  All  other  types  of  cita/ons  were  excluded  from  this  evalua/on.  12th  graders  used  quan>>es  30%  more  than  11th  graders.