Respiration

BTEC SportMiss Bowe

Breathe: do steps 1,2,3 and 4

1. Come in and find which table has your name

2. Take your coat, hat, scarf off and sit down quietly

3. Stop talking, making noises and listen

4. During the lesson, speak only when I ask a question or when I ask you to work with a partner or in a group.

Warnings will be given for ANY disruptive behaviourRewards will be given for POSITIVE contributions

Objectives

• Understand what the cardio-respiratory system is

• Label the pathway airs takes from the nose to the lungs

• Describe gas exchange and where it takes place

• Describe what happens when we▫ Breath in (inspiration)▫ Breath out (expiration)

The Cardiac System (The Heart)

The Respiratory System (The Lungs)

The Cardio - Respiratory System (The Heart AND the Lungs working together)

Arteries

Arterioles

The Cardio-Respiratory System

Muscle

Aorta

CapillariesCapillaries

Venules

Veins

VenaCavae

O2

CO2

Functions

The intake of oxygen

The removal of carbon dioxide

The Respiratory System

Mouth

Epiglottis

Trachea

Bronchus

Lung

The Respiratory System

Structure

Structure of the lung

Trachea

Bronchus

Bronchioles

Alveoli

Muscles involved in breathing

DiaphragmA domed shaped muscle at the bottom lungs and ribs

IntercostalsMuscles found in between each rib to help them move

How do we make space for the O2 coming in?

• Air is sucked down the wind pipe and into the lungs

• The intercostal muscles contract, allowing rib cage moves upwards and outwards.

• The lungs expand to allow more air in

• The diaphragm contracts and pulls down to make the chest larger

INSPIRATION (breathing in)

How do we force the CO2 back out again?

When we breath out we squeeze the carbon dioxide out

• The lungs are compressed, pushing air out of the lungs and up the windpipe

• Intercostal muscles relax, lowering the rib cage and making the chest smaller

• The diaphragm also relaxes to make the chest smaller

Video: muscles involved in inspiration and expiration

EXPIRATION (breathing out)

Breathing in and out ...

• Breathing in … is hard work therefore we CONTRACT

• Breathing out … is easy therefore we RELAX

Try it now … listen to this track and breathe in and out

Can you see your body creating space for the oxygen when you breathe in?

The alveoli and gas exchange

Alveoli

• Air sacs located at the end of the bronchioles• Site of gaseous exchange• Oxygen O2 diffuses into the blood• Carbon Dioxide diffuses into the alveoli

Oxygen

• diffuses from the alveoli into the blood (via the capillaries)

Carbon dioxide

• diffuses from the blood into the alveoli and breathed out

The alveoli and gas exchange

The alveoli and gas exchange

• The bronchi branch into air tubes which end in alveoli

• The alveoli is surrounded by a massive blood supply

• The alveoli are covered in tiny capillaries

• Oxygen can pass through the thin walls of each alveoli and capillary, and into the blood

• Carbon Dioxide can pass from the blood stream and capillaries and into the alveolus

 

ALVEOLI

O2

O2

Bronchiole

Alveoli

Alveoli

Capillary

(Oxygenated blood)

CO2 Rich blood

ALVEOLI

CO2 Rich blood

Alveoli

Capillary

Bronchiole

Alveoli

CO2Capillary (Deoxygenated blood)

A summary of the respiratory system…

Watch the video and if you need to make notes…

… there will be a game show style quiz after