Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.RESPIRATORY SYSTEMPowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Robert J. Sullivan, Marist CollegeEXCHANGE OF GASES

What is Human Respiration?The human respiratory system allows one to obtain oxygen, eliminate carbon dioxide. Breathing consists of two phases, inspiration and expiration Inspiration- the process of taking in airExpiration- the process of blowing out air

Human Respiratory SystemFigure 10.1

Organs in the Respiratory System

STRUCTUREFUNCTIONnose / nasal cavitywarms, moistens, & filters air as it is inhaledpharynx (throat)passageway for air, leads to trachealarynxthe voice box, where vocal chords are locatedtrachea (windpipe)keeps the windpipe "open" trachea is lined with fine hairs called cilia which filter air before it reaches the lungsbronchitwo branches at the end of the trachea, each lead to a lungbronchiolesa network of smaller branches leading from the bronchi into the lung tissue & ultimately to air sacsalveolithe functional respiratory units in the lung where gases are exchanged

Components of the Upper Respiratory TractFigure 10.2

Passageway for respirationReceptors for smellFilters incoming air to filter larger foreign materialMoistens and warms incoming airResonating chambers for voiceUpper Respiratory Tract Functions

Components of the Lower Respiratory TractFigure 10.3

Functions:Larynx: maintains an open airway, routes food and air appropriately, assists in sound productionTrachea: transports air to and from lungsBronchi: branch into lungsLungs: transport air to alveoli for gas exchangeLower Respiratory Tract

Gas Exchange Between the Blood and AlveoliFigure 10.8A

Respiratory CycleFigure 10.9

Breathing (ventilation): air in to and out of lungsExternal respiration: gas exchange between air and bloodInternal respiration: gas exchange between blood and tissuesCellular respiration: oxygen use to produce ATP, carbon dioxide as wasteFour Respiration Processes

Malfunctions & Diseases of the Respiratory Systemasthmasevere allergic reaction characterized by the constriction of bronchiolesbronchitisinflammation of the lining of the bronchiolesemphysemacondition in which the alveoli deteriorate, causing the lungs to lose their elasticitypneumoniacondition in which the alveoli become filled with fluid, preventing the exchange of gaseslung cancerirregular & uncontrolled growth of tumors in the lung tissue

Caring for Your Respiratory System You should take care of your Respiratory System because if you dont you wont be able to breathe. Using drugs can keep your brain from telling your lungs to breathe. Smoking can make your lungs turn black and not work well.Breathing clean air is healthiest for you. Exercise keeps your lungs strong.

Amazing Facts About the Respiratory System Your right lung has three lobes and your left lung only has two. The right lung is a little larger than the left lung. A person sleeping almost always breathes twelve or fifteen times a minute.Did you know that...

More Amazing Facts About the Respiratory System The exhaling rate is faster in kids than in adults. The trachea is made out of cartilage shaped rings. The fastest recorded sneeze speed is 165 km per hour? It is healthier to breathe through your nose than your mouth, because your nose hairs and mucus clean the air.Did You Know That...

VideosParts and Functions of the Respiratory SystemThe Diseases of the Respiratory System

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