respiratoty response to exercise dipayan
DESCRIPTION
2nd and 3rd September 2011,a General Lecture Theatre, Dr Chirantan Mandal, Dr Avik Basu, Dr Dipayan Sen Dr Ushnish Adhikari,Dr Srimanti Bhattacharya, Dr Shubham Presided by Dr Arnab Sengupta (Physiology Dept Medical College Kolkata)TRANSCRIPT
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RESPIRATORY RESPIRATORY RESPONSE TO RESPONSE TO
EXERCISEEXERCISEbyby DIPAYAN SEN DIPAYAN SEN
33RDRD YEAR YEAR
MEDICAL COLLEGE, KOLKATAMEDICAL COLLEGE, KOLKATA
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Respiratory system: Its significance Respiratory system: Its significance in exercisein exercise
EXERCISEEXERCISE
1. Anaerobic 1. Anaerobic ExerciseExercise
2. Aerobic 2. Aerobic ExerciseExercise
Respiration is Respiration is of relatively of relatively little concernlittle concern
Respiration is Respiration is critical for critical for maximal maximal
performanceperformance
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Lung VolumesLung Volumes
Tidal VolumeTidal Volume
Inspiratory Reserve VolumeInspiratory Reserve Volume
Expiratory Reserve VolumeExpiratory Reserve Volume
Residual VolumeResidual Volume
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Forced Vital Capacity Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)(FVC)
FEV1FEV1
FEV1 FVC
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Oxygen Consumption in Oxygen Consumption in Exercise (VOExercise (VO22 max) max)
CONDITIONSCONDITIONS
MAXIMAL MAXIMAL OXYGEN OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION (ml/min) (ml/min)
Untrained average Untrained average malemale 36003600
Athletically trained Athletically trained average maleaverage male 40004000
Male marathon runnerMale marathon runner 51005100
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Limits Of VentilationLimits Of VentilationPulmonary Ventilation at maximal Pulmonary Ventilation at maximal
exerciseexercise100-110 100-110
L/min L/minMaximal Breathing CapacityMaximal Breathing Capacity 150-170 150-170
L/minL/min
Abnormalities Abnormalities in the in the
respiratory respiratory systemsystem
Special conditionsSpecial conditions
Exercise at Exercise at high altitudeshigh altitudes
Exercise under Exercise under very hot very hot
conditionsconditions
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Changes In Ventilation During ExerciseChanges In Ventilation During Exercise
The pOThe pO2 2 of arterial of arterial blood drops from blood drops from 40mm to <25mm 40mm to <25mm
HgHg
Blood flow per min Blood flow per min rises from 5.5 L/min rises from 5.5 L/min
to 20-35 L/minto 20-35 L/min
Recruitment of Recruitment of new capillaries at new capillaries at
tissue leveltissue level
Increased Increased OO22 delivery delivery to tissuesto tissues
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Ventilation Ventilation
Increases abruptly with the Increases abruptly with the onset of exercise onset of exercise
More gradual increase.More gradual increase.
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Arterial blood gases during Arterial blood gases during exerciseexercise
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Increase in Increase in ventilationventilation
Increased Increased oxygen oxygen demanddemand
Increased Increased body body
temperaturetemperature
Increased Increased plasma plasma
potassium potassium levelslevels
Increased Increased neural neural
sensitivity to sensitivity to partial pressure partial pressure
of COof CO22
Increased Increased plasma Hplasma H++
ion ion concentrationconcentration
Role of ORole of O22??????
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Mainly shows Mainly shows increase in increase in
both rate and both rate and depth of depth of
respirationrespiration
Mainly shows Mainly shows increase in increase in
depth of depth of respirationrespiration
ExerciseExercise
Moderate Moderate exerciseexercise
Severe Severe exerciseexercise
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Ventilation and heart rate with Ventilation and heart rate with exerciseexercise
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Oxygen DebtOxygen Debt
Replenishment Replenishment of ATPof ATP
Removal of Removal of lactic acidlactic acid
Replenishment Replenishment of myoglobin of myoglobin
with Owith O22
Replenishment Replenishment of glycogenof glycogen
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VEN
TIL
ATIO
N R
ATE
VEN
TIL
ATIO
N R
ATE
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Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Excess Post-exercise Oxygen ConsumptionConsumption
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Oxygen Diffusing CapacityOxygen Diffusing Capacity
Fick’s law of diffusionFick’s law of diffusion
V gas =A/T x D x (P1 – P2) V gas =A/T x D x (P1 – P2) V gas = rate of diffusionV gas = rate of diffusion
A = tissue areaA = tissue areaT = tissue thicknessT = tissue thicknessD = diffusion coefficient of gasD = diffusion coefficient of gasP1 – P2 = difference in partial pressureP1 – P2 = difference in partial pressure
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Maximal OMaximal O2 2 diffusing capacity of diffusing capacity of
different personsdifferent personsNonathlete at rest Nonathlete at rest 23 mL/min23 mL/min
Nonathlete during maximal exercise Nonathlete during maximal exercise 48 mL/min48 mL/min
Speed skaters during maximal Speed skaters during maximal exercise exercise
64 mL/min64 mL/min
Swimmers during maximal exercise Swimmers during maximal exercise 71 mL/min71 mL/min
Oarsman during maximal exercise Oarsman during maximal exercise 80 mL/min80 mL/min
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Maximal ExerciseMaximal Exercise
Increased blood flow through the lungsIncreased blood flow through the lungs
All the pulmonary capillaries are perfused at All the pulmonary capillaries are perfused at their maximal rates their maximal rates
A far greater surface area available through A far greater surface area available through which oxygen can diffuse into the pulmonary which oxygen can diffuse into the pulmonary
capillary bloodcapillary blood
Increased diffusion Increased diffusion capacity of Ocapacity of O22
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Oxygen-Haemoglobin Dissociation Oxygen-Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve in ExerciseCurve in Exercise
...................... CURVE CURVE
IN IN EXERCISEEXERCISE
………………..NORMAL NORMAL CURVECURVE
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Fatigue of respiratory musclesFatigue of respiratory muscles
Do respiratory muscles fatigue during Do respiratory muscles fatigue during exercise?exercise?
Yes they do!!!Yes they do!!!
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Effect of Smoking on Pulmonary Effect of Smoking on Pulmonary Ventilation in ExerciseVentilation in Exercise
SMOKING (Nicotine and other irritants)SMOKING (Nicotine and other irritants)
Constriction of Constriction of the terminal the terminal bronchiolesbronchioles
IncreasesIncreases the the resistance of resistance of
airflow airflow
Increased fluid Increased fluid secretion and mucosal secretion and mucosal
oedemaoedema
Paralyses the mucociliary Paralyses the mucociliary escalator systemescalator system
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Increased Airway Increased Airway ResistanceResistance
Decreased Decreased expiratory flowexpiratory flow
Chronic smokingChronic smoking
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)Disease (COPD)
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COPDCOPD
Chronic bronchitisChronic bronchitis(Excessive mucous (Excessive mucous
blocks airways)blocks airways)
EmphysemaEmphysema(Dilatation of alveolar (Dilatation of alveolar
sacs, airway collapse and sacs, airway collapse and increased resistance)increased resistance)
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Smoking is equivalent to suicide…Smoking is equivalent to suicide…
Please try to quit smoking…Please try to quit smoking…
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU