restorative materials in dental caries
TRANSCRIPT
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PBL Coordinator: Dr. Jyotsna Rimal
Resource Faculty: Dr. Sneha Shrestha
Restorative Materials in Dental Caries
Prepared By: Raman DhungelBDS 2014, BPKIHS
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Contents:Restorative Materials : IntroductionClassification Advantages and Disadvantages Choice of appropriate Restorative materialSuccess and Failure of Restorative MaterialSummary
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Introduction:
Dental restorative materials are specially fabricated materials designed to restore the function, integrity and morphology of missing tooth structure, usually resulting from, but not limited to, dental caries.
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Loss of tooth structure due to Caries
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Classification:Temporary, intermediate and permanent• Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) -Temporary• Polymer reinforced cement (IRM) & improved ZOE – intermediate• Direct filling gold, amalgam, composite, GIC, Porcelain, composite &
cast metal inlays and onlays - Permanent
Direct and Indirect• Amalgam, composite, GIC, direct filling gold - direct• Porcelain, composite and cast metal inlays and onlays - indirect
Esthetic and non esthetic• Composite , GIC & porcelain- esthetic• Amalgam, direct filling gold, cast metal inlays and onlays – non
esthetic © RAMAN2016
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Amalgam: Amalgam is a metal alloy of which one of the elements is mercury (Hg).
Alloys are metals that are a combination of several elements.
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Classification of amalgam alloys:Based on copper content• High Copper (13-30% copper)• Low Copper (<6% copper)
Based on Zinc Content• Zinc-containing (>0.01% zinc)• Zinc –free (<0.01 % zinc)
Based on size of alloy• Microcut• Macrocut
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Classification of amalgam alloys:Based on shape of the alloy particle• Spherical• Spheroidal• Lathe cut
Based on no of alloyed metals• Binary alloys, e.g., silver-tin• Ternary alloys, e.g., silver-tin-copper• Quaternary alloys, e.g., silver-tin-copper-
indium.© RAMAN2016
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AmalgamInexpensiveEasy to useTechnique insensitiveDurableMarginal seal improves with time
Advantages: Disadvantages: Non adhesive Requires mechanical
retention Poor esthetics Environmental and
occupational hazards
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Composites:Restorative material composed of two phases: Matrix and Filler bound together by coupling agents
Further divided into macro-filled (70-80% filler), micro-filled (40-50 % filler) & hybrid (75-80% filler )
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Composites: Essential Components : Resin matrix/ binder — BisGMA or urethane dimethacrylate Filler — Quartz, colloidal silica or heavy metal glasses Coupling agent — Organo silanes
Additionally, they also contain: A curing system , Inhibitors, UV absorbers Opacifiers — e.g. titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide Color pigments — to match tooth color
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Composites:AdhesiveEstheticReasonable wear propertiesMicromechanical bond to enamelMinimal tooth preparation required
Advantages: Disadvantages: Technique sensitive Expensive Time consuming Post-operative
sensitivity Polymerisation
shrinkage
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Glass Ionomer Cement:First truly adhesive restorative materialsRelease fluoride over timeBiomimetic- resembles dentinSupplied as powder/liquid systems
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Composition: Powder:Silica (SiO)2 — 41.9 %Alumina (Al2O3) — 28.6 %Aluminum fluoride (AlF3) Calcium fluoride (CaF2) — 15.7%Sodium fluoride (NaF) Aluminum phosphate (AlPO4)
Liquid: Polyacrylic acid Tartaric acid & Water
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Classification of GIC: Type I — For luting Type II — For restorations Type III — Liners and bases
Difference between various types: Various types chemically identical: vary primarily in the powder/liquid ratio and particle size.
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Glass Ionomer Cement:
EstheticFluoride leaching -anticariogenicChemically bonds to enamel and dentine Minimal tooth preparation Higher moisture tolerance than resin-based restorative materials Biocompatible: low pulpal toxicity if applied to intact dentine Thermal expansion similar to enamel and dentine
Advantages: Disadvantages:
Brittle
Susceptible to erosion and wear
Sensitivity to moisture in the early setting process
Esthetics not as good as resin-based restorative materials
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GIC : Esthetic Restoration
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Others: Dental cements: zinc phosphate , zinc polycarboxylate, Zinc oxide eugenol cement, calcium hydroxide cement
Metal reinforced GIC, highly viscous condensed GIC, resin modified GIC
Compomers: resin cements
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Indirect Restorative Materials:
Based on amount of tooth material restored:• Inlays• Onlays• Veneers• Dental bridges• Crowns • Complex restorations
Classification by material:• Metals• Ceramic materials• Ceramometals• Composite Materials
Indirect restorations are those restorations that are constructed outside the mouth.
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Choice of appropriate Restorative material:
The choice of material mainly depends on:Location and extent of cariesAge and sex of patient (esthetic reasons)Strength of material desiredEconomic factorsAllergy to specific material
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Success and Failure of Restoration:Depends upon:Material Contamination during restorationTechnical expertiseOral hygieneDietary habits
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Summary:A wide range of restorative materials availableHave different properties to meet the requirementsAdvantages and disadvantages of different materialsChoice of material Success and failure of restoration
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Classification:Temporary, intermediate and permanent• Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) -Temporary• Polymer reinforced cement (IRM) & improved ZOE – intermediate• Direct filling gold, amalgam, composite, GIC, Porcelain, composite &
cast metal inlays and onlays - Permanent
Direct and Indirect• Amalgam, composite, GIC, direct filling gold - direct• Porcelain, composite and cast metal inlays and onlays - indirect
Esthetic and non esthetic• Composite , GIC & porcelain- esthetic• Amalgam, direct filling gold, cast metal inlays and onlays – non
esthetic © RAMAN2016
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References:
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Our Team
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Any Questions???
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Thank You !!!
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