Review: A Return to Normalcy

Part I:MatchingNational Origins Act Bloviating Volstead Act Reds Bootleggers Palmer Raids Marcus Garvey Xenophobia Speakeasies Emergency Quota Act

• Emergency Quota Act: limited the number of immigrants by nationality (eastern & southern Europe)

• National Origins Act: the U.S. would allow only 150,000 immigrants a year to enter the U.S.

• Volstead Act: AKA 18th Amendment; AKA Prohibition; illegal to manufacture, sell, & transport alcohol.

• Bootleggers: people who smuggled alcohol.• Marcus Garvey: started the back to Africa

movement; Universal Negro Improvement Assn.• Bloviating:

• Bloviating: Pres. Harding talked around the subject; sounded intelligent but made no sense.

• Reds: Communists• Palmer Raids: unconstitutional raids of radical

headquarters; looking for membership lists.• Xenophobia: fear of foreigners.• Speakeasies: secret bars; had to know password to

get in.

Review Questions

1. How did peace affect American industry after the Great War?

2. What was the purpose of the 18th Amendment?3. What was the purpose of the Palmer Raids?4. What problems were faced by Americans during

the 1920s?5. Why did many people turn to fundamentalist

Protestant groups during the 1920s?6. What foreign policy did the U.S. follow in the 20s?

7. What 2 pieces of anti-immigration legislation did Congress pass in the 1920s?

8. How did Klan activities in the 20s differ from Klan activities during Reconstruction?

9. Which of the following statements best summarizes the Sacco-Vanzetti case (SVC)?

10. How did William Jennings Bryan’s testimony show the flaw in the literal interpretation of the Bible by the FPRG?

11. What was a speakeasy?12. Which of the following is an example of an

isolationist point of view?

13. Why was Prohibition a failure?14. What was the purpose of the Universal Negro

Improvement Association?15. The Scopes Monkey Trial centered around which

idea?16. Why did many people view Sacco & Vanzetti with

suspicion?17. What contributed to the growth of the suburbs

during the 1920s?18. What was Harding’s presidential campaign based

on in 1920?19. How Coolidge become president in 1923?

20. When the Great War ended, there was no longer a need for the production of war materials. What effect did this have on the U.S. economy?

21. Which statement best describes the U.S. immigration policy following WWI?

22. What problem faced by Americans would the Palmer Raids relate to?

23. What did the Sacco-Vanzetti Trial reveal about the feelings of many Americans at the beginning of the 1920s?

24. Why did many black Americans migrate to the North following the Great War?

25. Which of the following mottoes would have been a rallying cry of the Prohibitionists?

26. Which of the following was a result of Prohibition?27. The 3 Republican administrations in power in the 20s,

supported & passed a great deal of legislation that supported what concepts?

28. Which of the following occurred during the business boom of the 1920s?

29. Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free.”

These words written at the base of the Statue of Libertywould NOT generally apply to U.S. immigration policyDuring what time period?

Sacco & Vanzetti were accused of murder & theft & sentenced to death on April 9, 1927. The following is Vanzetti’s response to the sentence.

“…..I have had to suffer for things that I am not guilty of. But my conviction (belief) is that I have suffered for things that I am guilty of. I am suffering because I am a radical, and indeed I am a radical. I have suffered because I was an Italian, and indeed I am an Italian…I am so convinced to be right that if you could execute me two times, and if I could be reborn two other times, I would live again to do what I have done already.”

• “It was a time of change….Model A roadsters, Lindbergh, prohibition, & women’s suffrage, but voters also demanded return to normalcy & isolation.”

35. This quotation reflects the culture of what time period?

False to True1. After the Great War, the U.S. followed immigration

guidelines established by the League of Nations. (see MC 7)

2. Many black Americans in the North migrated South because of work in the industrial plants & the lack of discrimination in the South (see MC 24)

3. Restriction on immigration contributed to the growth of the suburbs in the 1920s. (MC 17)

4. The people who smuggled illegal liquor into the U.S. from Canada & the Caribbean were called sharecroppers.

5. The U.S. joined the League of Nations since it was important to renegotiate the Treaty of Versailles to prevent another war (MC 6)

• Part IV: Answer the following question using complete sentences & proper paragraph form.

• Read the poem & then answer the question. “Prohibition is an awful flop. We like it. It can’t stop what it’s meant to stop. We like it. It’s left a trail of graft and slime, It’s filled our land with vice and crime, It can’t prohibit worth a dime, Nevertheless we’re for it.”• Based on the poem, explain how Prohibition affected

American society.

Answers1. The economy went into a slump b/c businesses

didn’t have military contracts. Workers lost their jobs & factories closed.

2. 18th Amendment is Prohibition; manufacture, transport, & sale of alcohol is illegal.

3. To find membership lists of radical organizations.4. Problems faced by Americans in the 20s were Big

Red Scare & Communism, Xenophobia, Prohibition, Racial Tensions, & Religious Fundamentalism.

5. People turn to religion during times of change or stress. In the 20s, there was a lot of change so people turned to religion.

6. During the 20s, the U.S. foreign policy was isolation.7. 2 pieces of anti-immigration legislation were the

Emergency Quota Act & National Origins Act.8. The Klan spread from the South to the North & the

Northwest; Klan membership also went from about 5,000 to several million.

9. Sacco-Vanzetti Trial: 2 innocent men condemned to death by circumstantial evidence.

10. WJB’s testimony: he said that a day in the Bible could have lasted millions of years since there was no sun or moon until the 3rd day of creation.

11. A speakeasy was a secret barroom where people had to know the password to get in.

12. Pick the one that relates to staying isolated.13. Prohibition was a failure b/c people could still buy

alcohol & the government cannot legislate morality.14. UNIA sponsored the back to Africa movement;

started by Marcus Garvey.15. Scopes Monkey Trial centered around evolution.16. Sacco & Vanzetti were immigrants & radicals.

17. The automobile contributed to the growth of the suburbs.

18. Harding’s presidential campaign was based on a return to normalcy.

19. Coolidge became president b/c Harding died.20. See question 121. Following WWI, the U.S. limited immigration.22. Communism & Palmer Raids23. S-V Trial showed that many Americans were anti-

immigrant (xenophobic.) 24. Many were escaping from discrimination,

prejudice, & lynching.

25. “Ban Booze!” “NO Alcohol!”“Just say NO to alcohol!”26. Results from Prohibition—crime rates went up;

people still bought alcohol; made normal people criminals;

27. Republican administrations in the 20s passed laws helping businesses.

28. Increase in the standard of living; more products created & produced; new products; better products

29. 1920s