review concepts on deformation and metamorphism. which statement regarding synclines is true? a....
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![Page 1: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism
![Page 2: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Which statement regarding synclines is true?
A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata are exposed.B. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the youngest strata are exposed.C. Limbs dip away from the axial plane where the oldest strata are exposed.D. Limbs dip away from the axial plane where the youngest strata are exposed.
Rock folding
![Page 3: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Which statement regarding synclines is true?
A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata are exposed.B. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the youngest strata are exposed.C. Limbs dip away from the axial plane where the oldest strata are exposed.D. Limbs dip away from the axial plane where the youngest strata are exposed.
Rock folding
![Page 4: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What characterizes a fold as being a plunging fold?
A. The limbs dip at different angles from one another.B. The limbs both dip in the same direction.C. The axial plane is not vertical.D. The fold axis is not horizontal.
Rock folding
![Page 5: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What characterizes a fold as being a plunging fold?
A. The limbs dip at different angles from one another.B. The limbs both dip in the same direction.C. The axial plane is not vertical.D. The fold axis is not horizontal.
Rock folding
![Page 6: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Faults
• Faults are classified by:A. Map patternB. Stress fieldC. AgeD. Dip and relative motion
![Page 7: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Faults
• Faults are classified by:A. Map patternB. Stress fieldC. AgeD. Dip and relative motion
![Page 8: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Faults
A normal Fault is characterized byA. Tensional StressB. Steep Dip (>45o)C. Hanging wall down relative to footwallD. All of the above
![Page 9: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Faults
A normal Fault is characterized byA. Tensional StressB. Steep Dip (>45o)C. Hanging wall down relative to footwallD. All of the above
![Page 10: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Depth,km
0
35
75
Asthenosphere
Continental crust
Continental crust
Regional metamorphism Oceanic
crust
Oceaniclithosphere
Shockmetamorphism
Regionalmetamorphism
Regionalhigh-pressuremetamorphism
Contactmetamorphism
Burialmetamorphism
Continental mantle lithosphere
Continental mantle lithosphere
Water
Seafloormetamorphism
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Which kind of metamorphism is caused primarily by increasing temperature with little change in pressure?
A. Regional MetamorphismB. Contact metamorphismC. Burial MetamorphismD. Subduction-zone metamorphism
The lithosphere and asthenosphere interact to metamorphose rock
![Page 12: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Which kind of metamorphism is caused primarily by increasing temperature with little change in pressure?
A. Regional MetamorphismB. Contact metamorphismC. Burial MetamorphismD. Subduction-zone metamorphism
The lithosphere and asthenosphere interact to metamorphose rock
![Page 13: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
High-pressure regional metamorphism is most closely associated with which tectonic environment?
A. Continental riftingB. Mid-ocean ridgeC. Subduction zoneD. Meteorite impact
The lithosphere and asthenosphere interact to metamorphose rock
![Page 14: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
High-pressure regional metamorphism is most closely associated with which tectonic environment?
A. Continental riftingB. Mid-ocean ridgeC. Subduction zoneD. Meteorite impact
The lithosphere and asthenosphere interact to metamorphose rock
![Page 15: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Seafloor metamorphism that occurs at mid-ocean ridges is caused by:
A. Directed pressureB. Confining pressure C. MetasomatismD. All of the above
The lithosphere and asthenosphere interact to metamorphose rock
![Page 16: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Seafloor metamorphism that occurs at mid-ocean ridges is caused by:
A. Directed pressureB. Confining pressure C. MetasomatismD. All of the above
The lithosphere and asthenosphere interact to metamorphose rock
![Page 17: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Increasing intensity of metamorphism
Increasing crystal size
Increasing coarseness of foliation
Low grade Intermediate grade High grade
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Slate Phyllite Schist(abundantmicaceousminerals)
Gneiss(fewer
micaceousminerals)
Migmatite
Slaty cleavage Schistosity Banding Banding
Diagenesis Low grade Intermediategrade
High grade
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Canada
NY
VT
ME
NH
MA
CT
RI
Isograds
Key: Notmetamorphosed
Chlorite zone
Biotite zone
Garnet zone
Staurolite zone
Sillimanite zone
Lowgrade
Medium grade
High grade
Index minerals define metamorphic zones. Isograds can be
used to plot thedegree of metamorphism.
![Page 20: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Degree of metamorphism
Diagenesis
Greenschists
Low Intermediate
Amphibolites Granulites
High
Chlorite
White mica (mainly muscovite)
Biotite
Garnet
Staurolite
Sillimanite
Kyanite
Albite (sodium plagioclase)
With increasing metamorphicgrade, mineral compositionchanges.
Mineral suites definemetamorphic facies.
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How do crystal size and foliation change with increasing intensity of metamorphism?
A. Grain size increases and foliation becomes less coarse.B. Grain size decreases and foliation becomes coarser.C. Both grain size and foliation coarseness decrease.D. Both grain size and foliation coarseness increase.
Texture, index minerals, grade, and facies describe metamorphism
![Page 22: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
How do crystal size and foliation change with increasing intensity of metamorphism?
A. Grain size increases and foliation becomes less coarse.B. Grain size decreases and foliation becomes coarser.C. Both grain size and foliation coarseness decrease.D. Both grain size and foliation coarseness increase.
Texture, index minerals, grade, and facies describe metamorphism
![Page 23: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Which list places foliation textures in order of increasing metamorphic grade (low grade to high grade)?
A. Slate, gneiss, phyllite, schistB. Slate, phyllite, schist, gneissC. Gneiss, schist, slate, phylliteD. Gneiss, phyllite, schist, slate
Texture, index minerals, grade, and facies describe metamorphism
![Page 24: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Which list places foliation textures in order of increasing metamorphic grade (low grade to high grade)?
A. Slate, gneiss, phyllite, schistB. Slate, phyllite, schist, gneissC. Gneiss, schist, slate, phylliteD. Gneiss, phyllite, schist, slate
Texture, index minerals, grade, and facies describe metamorphism
![Page 25: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Metamorphic facies are defined by:
A. Suites of mineralsB. Foliation texturesC. Pressures and temperaturesD. Tectonic environments
Texture, index minerals, grade, and facies describe metamorphism
![Page 26: Review Concepts on Deformation and Metamorphism. Which statement regarding synclines is true? A. Limbs dip toward the axial plane where the oldest strata](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649cb75503460f9497c634/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Metamorphic facies are defined by:
A. Suites of mineralsB. Foliation texturesC. Pressures and temperaturesD. Tectonic environments
Texture, index minerals, grade, and facies describe metamorphism