review engineering 1

Engineering 1

• A review of chapters 1-9 with sample mcas questions.

First - Terms to Know

• Criteria

• Definition: a standard on which a decision may be based


• Constraints

• A limitation to be considered in designing and developing technology.


• Prototype

• A full scale working model that tests whether a technology meets the requirements


• Mockup• a mockup is a scale model of a structure or

device, usually used for teaching, demonstration, testing a design, etc.

Mockup

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The shuttle sitting outside the Space Shuttle America ride is an example of a mockup.

Mockup

Mockup of electric toothbrush



Mockup

Mockup of future automobile




• Patent

• A document issued by the government that gives an inventor the sole right to make, distribute, or sell a particular invention for a certain number of years.



Patent



Patent Drawing


• Appropriate Technology• is technology that is designed with special

consideration to the environmental, social and economical aspects of the community it is intended for.



Plow



Stove



Baby Incubator




• Technology

• Anything that people do to change the natural world to suit human needs and wants.

Technology?



Technology?

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Technology?




• Products• something manufactured




• Process• procedure involving chemical or

mechanical steps to aid in the manufacture of an item




• Unintended Consequences

• Unexpected results

Automobiles



Pollution

Automobiles

Suburbs



Automobiles



Drive in Restaurants


• Optimization

• To increase the efficiency or effectiveness of a process as much as possible


Optimization



In 1914 Ford could turn out a complete chassis every 93 minutes. This was a stunning improvement over the earlier production time of 728 minutes. (12 hours)


• Engineer

• Person that creates, designs, develops, or improves technologies to meet human needs or wants.


• Industrial Designer• Industrial Designers are a cross between

an engineer and an artist.


are needed to see this picture. A Braun stereo

Industrial Designer




• Invention• An invention is a new form, composition of

matter, device, or process.

Inventions



Air Bags - 1973

Inventions

1923, with an investment of $7 for an electric fan, buckets of brine, and cakes of ice, Clarence Birdseye invented and later perfected a system of packing fresh food into waxed cardboard boxes and flash-freezing under high pressure.



Inventions

In 1893 Alexander Graham Bell designed devices that could transmit speech electrically (the telephone).




• Innovation

• A new device or system, based on existing technologies



Innovation

Apple’s iPhone


• Batch Production• a group of items move through the

production process together, a stage at a time.

Batch Production Example

For example when a bakery bakes loaves of whole wheat bread, a large ball of whole wheat dough will be split into several loaves which will be spread out together on a large baking tray. The loaves on the tray will then together be cooked, wrapped and dispatched to shelves, before the bakery starts on a separate batch of, for example, crusty white bread. Note that each loaf is identical within a batch but that loaves can vary from batch to batch.




Batch Production


Batch production is a very common method of organizing manufacture. Good examples include:

* Production of electronic instruments





* Fish and chip shops





* Paint and wallpaper manufacturers

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• 3 View Orthographic Drawing




• Perspective Sketch




• Two View Orthographic




• Extrusion• Extrusion is a process used to create

objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile.




• Extrusion• A material is pushed or drawn through a

die of the desired cross-section.



Toothpaste

Extrusion example



Rubber and plastic is formed by Extrusion

Extrusion example

Metals can be formed by Extrusion



Extrusion example

Metals formed by extrusion



Extrusion example

If you have used the Play-Doh fun factory, you were extruding clay.


• Assembling

• The stage of production in which components are put together into an end product.

Assembling Example



Assembling Frankenstein's body

Assembling Example

Electronic assembly line in Japan



Assembling Example

Automotive assembly line




• Casting and Molding• A process by which a material is

put into a mold while it is a liquid and allowed to solidify in the shape of the mold, usually metal or ceramic.

Casting and Molding Examples



Fishing weight mold


Baking pans are a form of molding




Chocolate candies aremade in a mold




• Conditioning

• Any process that changes the properties of a material using heat, chemicals, or mechanical force.

Conditioning Example


Priming wood for painting.



Conditioning Example

Tire patch






• Finishing

• Any final treatment done to the surface of a product to make the product more attractive to a consumer.

Finishing Example



Just kidding

Finishing Example




• Forming

• The use of pressure or force to shape a material



Forming Example



- Separating Example






• Assembly Line• An assembly line is a manufacturing

process in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added to a product




• Durable Goods

• Goods that have a lifespan of three or more years.



Durable Goods

Cars



Durable Goods

Hand tools



Durable Goods

Oven



Durable Goods

furniture




• Nondurable Goods

• Manufactured items that usually last only short time and are disposable.

Nondurable Goods

• Plastic Silverware



Nondurable Goods

• Styrofoam Cups



Nondurable Goods

• Disposable cameras



Nondurable Goods

• Consequence




• Mass Market• largest group of consumers for a specified

industry product



• Niche Market• A niche market is a focused targetable

portion




• Robotics• A robot is a mechanical

or virtual artificial agent QuickTime™ and a

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• System Optimization




• Interchangeable parts



review engineering 1

Technology

extrusion extrusion

production process

extrusion example metals

stage of production

extrusion example rubber

separate batch

view orthographic drawing

appropriate technology