review institutional framework

7/26/2019 Review Institutional Framework

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Capacity Development of

The Civil Aviation Authorityof Nepal

REVIEW OF THE INSTITTIONA! FRA"EWOR#MAY 2012


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TA$!E OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................11. INTRODUCTION: BASIC CONCEPTS.......................................................12. SUMMARY OF THE CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK............43. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK a! FUNCTION SEPARATION.............."4. AIRPORTS...................................................................................................#

4.1. C$%&$%a'()a'($ #4.2. C$**+%,(a-()a'($ 4.3. P%(/a'()a'($ 11

4.3.1. Ba)(, &%(/a'()a'($ *$!+) 12

4.3.2. O+%)(&I)'(''($a- '&$-$5 164.3.3. E/a-a'($ $7 PPP +8&+%(+,+) a! $+%)(& $&+%a'($ '&+)

19". AIR NAVIATION SERVICES ;ANS


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E%ECTIVE S""AR&

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Capacity Development of Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal

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'( INTRODCTION) $ASIC CONCE*TS

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-( AIR*ORTS

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13/38


+8&+,' ( '+ 7'%+@ a! +'+% '+ !&-(,a'($ '$ (, '+ ICAO !$,*+'%+7+%) () a %+a- &$))(=(-('.

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14/38


T+ C$,(- %+,$5(J+) '+ ,$'((5 (*&$%'a,+ '$ a(%&$%') $7 (,$*+

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15/38


,$-! =+ +)'(*a'+! a) 4 ( E%$&+@ 4# ( A)(a Pa,(7(, a! M(!!-+ Ea)'@41 ( N$%' A*+%(,a a! 29 ( La'( A*+%(,a.12

A,,$%!(5 '$ ICAO D$, "62@ $a+%$a'(,a- )$%,+) $7 %+/++ (,-!+fees for the right to operate business at the airport% rentals of leased land andpremises and% to a much lesser e&tent% from commercial operations operated

by the airport itself. 'irports may also receive revenues from commercialactivities operating off the airport but relying on airport traffic for their customer

base.13

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4.3.1. (asic privatisation modes

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R+/(+ $7 '+ I)'(''($a- F%a*+$%?


16/38


T+%+ a%+ *a a) '$ ,-a))(7 &%(/a'()a'($ *$!+)@ !+&+!(5 $ '+ ,%('+%(a'$ =+ )+!. O+ ,$-! -$$? a' +'+% $+%)(& () '%a)7+%%+! $% $'@ a' '+!%a'($ $7 '+ a5%++*+' $% '+ +8'+' $7 '+ 7,'($) a--$,a'+! '$ '+ &%(/a'+

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17/38


L$5'+%* -+a)+ a5%++*+') a%+ $7'+ )+! + )=)'a'(a- (/+)'*+') a%+%+(%+! ( a +8()'(5 a(%&$%'. T+ -+))++ !+%'a?+) '$ ,$!,' '+ +!+/+-$&*+' $% %+$/a'($@ a! a))*+) *aa5+*+' 7$% '+ !%a'($ $7 '+

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c/ D$F"O 3 Conce..ion

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18/38


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T+ %+&$%' ,$,-!+) 'a' @Ait is important for governments to sell a ma+,'.W$%?(5 Pa&+% 200602. U(/+%)(' $7 B%('() C$-*=(a@ Sa!+%) S,$$- $7 B))(+)). 2006.

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24/38


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9( AIR NAVI8ATION SERVICES :ANS/

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25/38


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24

T+ CANSO (!+ '$ S+&a%a'($ $7 S+%/(,+ P%$/()($ R+5-a'($ &%$/(!+) a'a=-+ ( (, '+ ()'(''($a- )+'& 7$% '+ &%$/()($ $7 ANS ( !(77+%+',$'%(+) a%$! '+ $%-! () )**a%(J+! a) 7$--$):

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23CANSO. (!+ '$ Se&a%a'($ $7 S+%/(,+ P%$/()($ R+5-a'($. A5)'@ 2011. P. 41.24ICAO. D$, 161@ &.2".Ca&a,(' !+/+-$&*+' $7 '+ C(/(- A/(a'($ $7 N+&a- 21

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a*=(a@ aa@ a'+*a-a@ I%a@ I%a@ I)%a+-@ a*a(,a@ $%!a@K+a@ Ka('@ La$)@ L(=+%(a@ C(a@ B%aJ(-@ M+8(,$@ I!$+)(a@Ma-a)(a@ S$' K$%+a@ S%(a@ UAE

elected industrial countries:F%a,+@ %++,+@ a&a@ L8+*=$%5@ K(5!$* $7 Sa!( A%a=(a

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=+(5 7-- &%(/a'()+!@ '+ ,$*&a () %a'+% &+,-(a% + ,$*&a%+! ('$'+% ,$%&$%a'($) ( '+ &%(/a'+ )+,'$%. I' () !+7(+! a) a $'7$%&%$7('@ $)a%+ ,a&('a- ,$%&$%a'($. I)'+a! $7 %+)&$!(5 '$ )a%+$-!+%)@ ('

%+)&$!) '$ a =$a%! $7 !(%+,'$%) %+&%+)+'(5 '+ *a( )'a?+$-!+%)@ a*+-'+ a(% ,a%%(+%) a))$,(a'($@ &(-$') a! $'+% a/(a'($ (!)'%%+&%+)+'a'(/+)@ a) +-- a) '+ ($) a! '+ Caa!(a $/+%*+'.

+%*a: D+'),+ F-5)(,+%5 *=H ;DFS< a) +)'a=-()+! ( 12

a) a -(*('+! -(a=(-(' ,$*&a $&+%a'(5 !+% &%(/a'+ -a. T+ )a%+) a%+'$'a-- $+! = '+ +%*a F+!+%a- $/+%*+'. T+%+ +%+ &-a) '$&%(/a'()+ #4. $7 '+ ,a&('a-@ =' ,$)'(''($a- ())+) a/+ &%+/+'+! '+&%$,+)) 7%$* 5$(5 '%$5@ a! '+ ,$*&a %+*a() '$'a-- ( 5$/+%*+'a!).

N+'+%-a!): L,'/+%?++%)-+(!(5 N+!+%-a! ;LVNL< () a ,$%&$%a'+ =$!

(' -+5a- &+%)$a-('@ =' (' $&+%a'+) ('( '+ )'%,'%+ $7 '+ D',$/+%*+'. T+ +'(' $&+%a'+) 7$--$(5 =)(+)) &%a,'(,+)@ =' () )=>+,''$ a!*(()'%a'(/+ -a.

N+ +a-a!: A(%a) C$%&$%a'($ $7 N+ +a-a! L(*('+! ;A(%a) N+

+a-a!< a) +)'a=-()+! ( 19# a) a S'a'+O+! E'+%&%()+. T+,$*&a () 7-- $+! = '+ 5$/+%*+'@ =' a) ,%+a'+! a! $&+%a'+)!+% &%(/a'+ -a -(?+ a $'+% 7$%&%$7(' ,$%&$%a'($. I 2004@ (' a)+)'(*a'+! 'a' '+ ,$*&a &%$/(!+! '+ N+ +a-a! $/+%*+' a %+'%$7 *$%+ 'a 10 *(--($ a +a% ( !(/(!+!) a! 'a8+)2".

S$' A7%(,a: A(% T%a77(, a! Na/(5a'($ S+%/(,+) C$*&a L(*('+! ;ATNS+,' $7 ,$%&$%a'()a'($ +77$%'): '+*$)' )(5(7(,a' +8,+&'($ =+(5 *+'+$%$-$5(,a- )+%/(,+)@ (, a/+ %+*a(+!

!+% 5$/+%*+' $&+%a'($ ( '+ *a>$%(' $7 S'a'+). T+ 7a,' 'a' '+)+)+%/(,+) a%+ &%$/(!+! = a )+&a%a'+ $%5a()a'($ $% =%a, $7 5$/+%*+' ,a%a()+ ,$)' a--$,a'(5 ())+) =+,a)+ (' ,$*&-(,a'+) '+ 'a)? $7 &%$/(!(5 a'%a)&a%+' ))'+* $7 ,a%5+) a! %+,$/+%(5 a-- (,%%+! ,$)') 7%$* '+)+%/(,+ %+,(&(+'). A )'! -(?(5 )'%,'%+ '$ &+%7$%*a,+ %+a,+! '+,$,-)($ 'a' $+%)(& a! ,$'%$- a%+ $' ( '+*)+-/+) ,%('(,a- 7a,'$%)@ a!'a' a' () *$)' (*&$%'a' () 'a' *aa5+%) a/+ ,$'%$- $7 %+)$%,+)@ -+/+-) $7)+%/(,+ a! =)(+)) !+,()($)@ a! 'a' '+ *a =+ +-! a,,$'a=-+ 7$%&+%7$%*a,+.29

9(+( Commerciali.ation

I '+ ,a)+ $7 ANS ,$**+%,(a-()a'($ () $' a&&%$a,+! a) a *+a) $75++%a'(5 ,$**+%,(a- &%$7(')@ =' 7(%)' a! 7$%+*$)'@ a) '+ a '$ $='a(7(a,(a- a'$$* a! a--+/(a'+ 5$/+%*+') 7(a,(a- ,$)'%a('). A(%

2# A-a $+) a! a*+) '%(+. P%$'+,'(5 P=-(, I'+%+)' ( M$!+%()+! S?(+). "THI'+%a'($a- C$7+%+,+ $ A,,$'(5@ A!('(5 Maa5+*+' ( P=-(, S+,'$% R+7$%*).A*)'+%!a*@ S+&'+*=+%@ 200929-+ M,D$5a--. ATC C$**+%,(a-(Ja'($ P$-(,: Ha) I' B++ E77+,'(/+ P%+)+'a'($ '$ '+W$%-! Ba?. A&%(- 2006. &. 32.Ca&a,(' !+/+-$&*+' $7 '+ C(/(- A/(a'($ $7 N+&a- 25

R+/(+ $7 '+ I)'(''($a- F%a*+$%?


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Na/(5a'($ S+%/(,+) !$ $' a/+ '+ &$'+'(a- 7$% ,$**+%,(a- %+/++5++%a'($ 'a' a(%&$%') *a +>$@ =' +8&+%(+,+ )$) 'a' '() ?(! $7)+%/(,+) ,a a-)$ =+ )+-7)77(,(+' a! 'a' ANS $%5a(Ja'($) ,a +8&a! '+(%

a,'(/('(+) '$ &%$/(!+ )+%/(,+) a! ,$)-'a, ( '+ $&+ *a%?+'.

ICAO D$,. 092@ P$-(,(+) $ Ca%5+) 7$% A(%&$%') a! A(% Na/(5a'($S+%/(,+)@ )'a'+) ( &a%a5%a& 36 'a' he ouncil considers that as a generalprinciple% where air navigation services are provided for international use% the

providers may reDuire the users to pay their share of the related costs. T+Maa- $ A(% Na/(5a'($ S+%/(,+) E,$$*(,) ;D$, 161< 7%'+% !+/+-$&) '()&$-(, a! (,-!+) !+'a(-+! 5(!a,+ $ $ ,$)') a! ,a%5+) ,a =++)'(*a'+! 7$% !(77+%+' ?(! $7 )+%/(,+).

T+ -('+%a'%+ 'a' a) %+/(++! ,$**+%,(a-()a'($ ( '+ &%$/()($ $7 ANS a)7$,)+! $ '+ ,a)+) $7 S'a'+) +%+ )$*+ !+5%++ $7 ,$%&$%a'()a'($ a! 'a?+&-a,+. S$ (7 '+ ANSP %+*a(+! a 5$/+%*+' a5+,@ (' a) =++ +!$+!(' a -a%5+ !+5%++ $7 7(a,(a- a'$$*. -+ M,D$5a-- a! A-a)!a(% R$=+%')( '+(% )'! C$**+%,(a-(J(5 a(% '%a77(, ,$'%$-: Ha/+ '+ %+7$%*) $%?+! 2

+8a*(+! '+ (*&a,' $7 ,$**+%,(a-()a'($ $ a *=+% $7 ANS &%$/(!+%)@(,-!(5 '+ US FAA a! '+ F%+, D(%+,'($ !+) )+%/(,+) !+ -a a/(5a'($a%(++@ a-- $7 (, )a%+ '+ ,$**$ '%a(' $7 +>$(5 7(a,(a- a'$$*.

T+ ,$,-!+! 'a' '+ 5%+a'+)' &$)('(/+ (*&a,' ,$-! =+ 7$! ( )+%/(,+a-('@ 7a,(-(' *$!+%()a'($ a! 7(a,(a- )'a=(-('. T() a) =++ a,(+/+!('$' ,$*&%$*()(5 )a7+' $% %()(5 ,$)').

9(,( *rivati.ation

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O7 a-- '+ ,a)+ )'!(+) %+/(++!@ $- a a!7- a/+ ,$)+ '$ '%a/+- '+&%(/a'()a'($ %$a!@ a! '+ $- 7$% ;Caa!a@ S('J+%-a!@ Ta(-a! a! '+UK< a/+ a,'a-- a--$+! a,,+)) 7%$* &%(/a'+ &a%'(+) '$ '+ ANS &%$/(!+%,a&('a- $% '$ '+ =$a%! $7 !(%+,'$%). E/+ ( '+)+ ,a)+)@ &%(/a'+ &a%'+%) a%+ (a ,-+a% *($%('@ a! a/+ =++ )+-+,'+! a) %+&%+)+'a'(/+) $7 '+ a(%-(+) $%$'+% ('+%+)') ( '+ a/(a'($ )+,'$%. T+%+ () $ +8a*&-+ $7 &%(/a'+ &a%'+%)2-+ M,D$5a-- a! A-a)!a(% R$=+%'). C$**+%,(a-(J(5 a(% '%a77(, ,$'%$-: Ha/+ '+ %+7$%*)$%?+! S77$-? U(/+%)(' R+)+a%, Pa&+% 011. F+=%a% 1#@ 200. A/a(-a=-+ 7$% !$-$a!a': ''&:&a&+%).))%.,$*)$-3&a&+%).,7*a=)'%a,'(!131#4"0Ca&a,(' !+/+-$&*+' $7 '+ C(/(- A/(a'($ $7 N+&a- 26

R+/(+ $7 '+ I)'(''($a- F%a*+$%?
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1317450http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1317450


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a/(5 >$(+! '+ ,a&('a- $7 a ANS &%$/(!+% *$'(/a'+! &%+- = '+ &%$7('. T+,-$)+)' +8a*&-+ $-! =+ BAA) &a%'(,(&a'($ ( NATS@ (' a )=)'a'(a-(/+)'*+'@ =' +/+ ( '() ,a)+ '+ *$'(/+) a%+ *$%+ ,-$)+- %+-a'+! '$ '+

7a,' 'a' BAA () '+ -a%5+)' a(%&$%' $&+%a'$% ( '+ ,$' 'a '$ &%+-+,$$*(, ('+%+)') $ '+ &a%' $7 '+ (/+)'$%.

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;( SO"E CONC!SIONS) THE CASE OF NE*A!

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32/38


I*&-+*+' )+&a%a'($ =+'++ %+5-a'$% 7,'($) a! )+%/(,+

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33/38


)+' & !(77+%+' $%5a()a'($) (7 a )(5(7(,a' !+5%++ $7 &%(/a'()a'($ () '$ =+('%$!,+!.

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34/38


+/()a5+!@ '+%+ $-! =+ $ ++! '$ +)'a=-() a + ,$%&$%a'()+! +'('.P%(/a'+ (/+)'$%) $-! =+ aa%!+! a ,$,+))($ ,$'%a,' a7'+% a ,$*&+'('(/+=(!!(5 &%$,+)) a! $-! !+/+-$&@ *a('a( a! $&+%a'+ '+ a(%&$%' $% a(%&$%')

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7$% ()'a,+@ '+ '&+ $7 +,$$*(, %+5-a'($ '$ a&&- '$ &%(/a'()+! a(%&$%') (7&%(/a'+ &a%'+%) a%+ '$ $='a( a *a>$%(' ,a&('a-.

F(a--@ '+ ,$%&$%a'()+! =$! $-! =+ $&+ '$ &%(/a'+ ,a&('a- ( $%!+% '$

+)'a=-() '+ &a%'+%)(& (' '+ &%(/a'+ (/+)'$%).

6.2.2. 'ir avigation ervices

I &%(,(&-+@ '+ &%$/()($ $7 ANS !$+) $' %+(%+ '+ +)'a=-()*+' $7 a +)+&a%a'+ a'$$*$) =$!@ )(,+ CAAN a-%+a! a) ,$%&$%a'+ )'a'). I' $-!=+ +,+))a%@ +/+%'+-+))@ '$ a),+%'a( +'+% 7(a,(a- a'$$* a!

7,'($a- )+&a%a'($ 7%$* %+5-a'$% 7,'($) ,a =+ a,(+/+! !+% '+&%+)+' ()'(''($a--+5a- 7%a*+$%?. T+ 7a,' 'a' 7(a,(a- a'$$* a) $'+' =++ a,(+/+!@ )++*) '$ (!(,a'+ 'a' '+%+ a%+ )+%($) !(77(,-'(+).

I7 '+%+ a%+ $ 5a%a'++) 'a' 7,'($a- )+&a%a'($ a! 7(a,(a- a'$$* ,a=+ a,(+/+! !+% '+ ,%%+' ()'(''($a- 7%a*+$%?@ (' *a =+ +,+))a% '$%a()+ '+ ())+ $7 +)'a=-()(5 a + $%5a()a'($ $&+%a'(5 !+% &%(/a'+ -a(, ,$-! ,$--+,' %+/++) a! %a()+ 7!) ( &%(/a'+ *a%?+').

I'+%a'($a- +8&+%(+,+ )$) 'a' +%+ ,$%&$%a'()a'($ a) =++(*&-+*+'+! )$ a) '$ 7$)'+% ,$**+%,(a-()a'($@ '+%+ a) =++ a (,%+a)+ (Ca&a,(' !+/+-$&*+' $7 '+ C(/(- A/(a'($ $7 N+&a- 3$

R+/(+ $7 '+ I)'(''($a- F%a*+$%?


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+77(,(+, (' ,$,$*('a' (,%+a)+) ( '+ a-(' $7 )+%/(,+) a! (*&%$/+!,)'$*+% )a'()7a,'($. A!+a'+ ,$%&$%a'()a'($ a) a-)$ a--$+! a,,+)) '$-$5'+%* 7!(5 ( '+ &%(/a'+ *a%?+') ( $%!+% '$ *a('a( a a!+a'+ -+/+-

$7 (/+)'*+' ( a 7(+-! )=>+,' '$ %a&(! '+,$-$5(,a- ,a5+).

P%(/a'()a'($@ ( &%(,(&-+@ () $' +/()($+! ( a a 7$% '+ &%$/()($ $7 '()?(! $7 )+%/(,+) =+,a)+ (' () $' +,+))a% a! *a ,$7-(,' (' $ *a&+$&-+ /(+ '+ a'($a- ('+%+)'.

;(,( Conclu0in1 remar


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T+ +8()'(5 ANS )'%,'%+ (-- ++! '$ =+ %+$%5a()+! ,$)++' '$ '+

,a5+) ( '+ $+%)(& a! *aa5+*+' )'%,'%+ $7 ,+%'a( 7a,(-('(+) a!)+%/(,+). T+ a'%+ a! +8'+' $7 '+ %+$%5a()a'($ (-- &%(*a%(- !+&+! &$

a' %+*a() (' '+ 5$/+%*+' a7'+% '+ ,a5+$/+%. I a $%*a- )('a'($'+ a(% a/(5a'($ )+%/(,+) *a ,$'(+ (' '+ 5$/+%*+'. T() $&'($ *a=+ &%+7+%%+! = S'a'+) (' -(*('+! '%a77(,.

T+ %+/(+ $7 '+ ()'(''($a- 7%a*+$%? $7 ,(/(- a/(a'($ *)' =+ a&&%$a,+! (a %+a-()'(, a@ 'a?(5 ('$ a,,$' '+)+ a!*$('($)@ '+ %+a-(' $7 +8()'(5%+)$%,+)@ a! '+ ++! '$ $='a( a!+a'+ 7!(5 7$% '+ &+%7$%*a,+ $7%+5-a'$% 7,'($) (7 a! + '$)+ a,'(/('(+) (, a/+ 5%+a'+% &$'+'(a- 7$%%+/++ 5++%a'($ a%+ +'%)'+! '$ )+&a%a'+ =$!(+).

I '+ )$%' %@ '+ *$)' /(a=-+ $&'($) ,$-! 7$,) $ '+ (*&-+*+'a'($ $77,'($a- )+&a%a'($ a! 7(a,(a- a'$$* ('( '+ ,%%+' ()'(''($a-7%a*+$%? (-+ )+''(5 ( *$'($ a ,$,+))($a- &%$,+)) 7$% '+ !+/+-$&*+'a! (*&%$/+*+' $7 '+ a(%&$%' ))'+*.

Ca&a,(' !+/+-$&*+' $7 '+ C(/(- A/(a'($ $7 N+&a- 32

R+/(+ $7 '+ I)'(''($a- F%a*+$%?


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REFERENCES

A!-+%@ N. a! L(+=+%'@ V. ;2010


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O%(@ M. ;200

review institutional framework

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