Review of Cell Test

Which cell structure contains the cell’s genetic material and controls the cell’s activities?a. organelleb. nucleusc. cell enveloped. cytoplasm

Prokaryotes lacka. cytoplasm.b. a cell membrane.c. a nucleus.d. genetic material.

Which structure contains the other?a. nucleus; cytoplasmb. nucleus; genetic materialc. cell membrane; cell walld. prokaryote; organelles

The main function of the cell wall is toa. support and protect the cell.b. store DNA.c. direct the activities of the cell.d. help the cell move.

Which structures carry out cell movement?a. cytoplasm and ribosomesb. nucleolus and nucleusc. microtubules and microfilaments (cytoskeleton)d. chromosomes

6. Which enzyme-filled organelle breaks down other organelles that have outlived their usefulness and breaks down food into particles that can be used by the rest of the cell?

a. Golgi apparatusb. lysosomec. endoplasmic reticulumd. mitochondrion

7. Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?a. Golgi apparatusb. mitochondrionc. vacuoled. ribosome

Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?a. mitochondrionb. ribosomec. chloroplastd. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following structures serves as the cell’s boundary from its environment?a. mitochondrionb. cell membranec. chloroplastd. channel proteins

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is calleda. osmotic pressure.b. osmosis.c. facilitated diffusion.d. active transport.

Both Schwann and Virchow developed important theories about cells in the mid 1800s. Which best explains the reason these theories were made within a few years of each other?a.Hooke’s Micrographia inspired both theories.b.New microscopes provided better viewing of cells.c.Scientists invented the microscope in the mid 1800s.d.The electron microscope was used for the first time.

Which statement is a fundamental principle of the cell theory?a. All cells have a plasma membrane.b. Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.c. Living organisms are composed of cells.d. The genetic material in cells is DNA.

Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?a. cell membrane c. DNAb. chromosomes d. nucleus

Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?a. diffusionb. osmosisc. facilitated diffusiond. active transport

Diffusion is the movement of molecules froma.an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.b.an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.c.an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.d. all of the above

The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?a. carbohydratesb. lipidsc. cholesterold. proteins

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the plant cell?a. It will swell.b. It will stay the same.c. It will shrink.d. It will wilt.

What is a major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?a. Active transport moves substances against the concentration gradient.b. Active transport uses proteins in the process.c. Facilitated diffusion moves molecules through the plasma membrane.d. Facilitated diffusion requires large amounts of energy.

A scientist at the polar ice cap was studying an ice sample from hundred of meters below the surface. While examining the ice, the scientist found some cells from many years ago. Using an electron microscope, the scientist identified these cell structures: a cytoskeleton, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall, and ribosomes. What kind of organism did the scientist find?a. animalb. bacteriac. plantd. He did not have enough information.

Which of the following is an example of passive transport?a. Endocytosisb. Exocytosisc. Facilitated diffusiond. Na+/K+ ATPase pump

Endocytosis is when substances are brought into a cell.

true false

Endocytosis and exocytosis do not require energy from the cell and are considered passive transport.

true false

How many layers is the cell membrane composed of?a. 1 b. 2c. 3 d. 4

The phospholipid bilayer is attracted to and repels water. Which part of the bilayer is NOT attracted to water?a. the phosphate headsb. the protein channelsc. the fatty acid tailsd. all of the above are repelled by water

When the concentration of the solute is the same on both sides of the cell membrane __________________ is reached.

a. osmosisb. plasmolysisc. dynamic equilibriumd. cytolysis

Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic Equilibrium

The concentration of dissolved substances is lower outside the cell than inside the cell.

"Same strength".

The water rushes into the cell and can cause the cell to rupture.

When the concentration of the solute is the same on both sides of the cell membrane this is reached.

Cells in this type of solution shrivel.