revised handbook analysing jobs

8/16/2019 Revised Handbook Analysing Jobs

1/276

S.DepartmentofLabor

Administration1991

P u b l

i c D o m a i n , G o o g l e - d i g i t i z e d

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a t h i t r u s t . o r g / a c c e s s_

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2/276 P u b l i c D o m a i n , G o o g l e - d i g i t i z e d

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3/276

Administration

ploymentTraining

printofTheHandbookforAnalyzingJobsas producedbythe

Itincludesall thecontentoftheoriginal bookandispublished

polis,IN46202.

P u b l i c D o m a i n , G o o g l e - d i g i t i z e d

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okforAnalyzingJobs isthe

onofthisimportntbooksince

xactduplicateofthebookproduced

Labor,plus36 pages(9-1through

reaccidentallyomittedinthe

vernment.Thesepagesinclude

,interpretivedata,andexamples

dasanimportantcomponentof

cs"whichiswidelyusedbythe

forjobanalysis.

pages9-1through9-36are quite

ncopiesofpages missingfrom

atherthanmorelegibletypeset

n,theprinting qualityofthese

Still,wethinkthat theinclusion

portantandthankthestaffofthe

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IST Works,Inc.isanunabridgedreprintof TheHandbookforAnalyzingJobs,

edStatesDepartmentofLabor,EmploymentandTrainingAdministration.

dStatesofAmerica

thepublisherfor quanititydiscounts.

onorder formattheendof thisbook.

31

mostareas)or1-317-264-3720

317-264-3709


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ngJobs(HAJ)containsthemethodology

hecooperativeFederal-StateOccupational

ringandrecordinginformationaboutjobs.

ysisproductsincludetheDictionaryofOccu-

ainsoccupationaldefinitionsofsome13,000

racteristicsofOccupationsDefinedinthe

alTitles,andtheGuideforOccupational

blicationsareavailablefromtheU.S.

ce.

eHandbookwaspublishedin1944,

ntinoccupationalanalysismethodologyhave

ns.This,thefourthrevision,has beenused

onalAnalysisFieldCenterssince1984.Dur-

econtinuedtorefine theHandbookinorder

furtherrefineprocedurestofacilitateaccu-

ing,synthesis,interpretation,andreporting

on.Themethodologydocumentedherewas

ccupationalTitles,4thEdition(Revised)

smadeinvaluablecontributions,thelead

dCenterin NorthCarolinaisprimarilyre-

ndrefiningthiseditionof theHandbook


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ndItsUses 1-1

sofJobAnalysis2-1

b AnalysisComponents2-2

ent,andWorkAids2-3

ons3-1

kerFunctions3-2

ofWorkerFunctions3-2

4-1

orkFields4-1

rkFields4-3

4-4

ields4-7

-8

bjectMatter,andServices5-1

1

PSMS5-2

s,andExamplesofMPSMS5-5

SMS5-25

nique6-1

velopment7-1

efinitions7-1

nalDevelopment7-2

ofGEDLevels7-4

ndRecordingGEDRequirements7-13

paration8-1

alPreparation8-1

ofSVPLevels8-2

ndRecordingSVPRequirements8-10

udes9-2

formation,andExamplesofAptitudes9-3

oftheTemperamentFactors10-1

peraments10-5

lExploration11-1

OECodeandTitle11-1

psofGOEInterestAreas11-1


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ANDITSUSES

data usedbyindustry,governmentalandprivateagencies,andemployee

manresourceprograms.Thenatureoftherequiredjob informationvariesin

ingtoprogramneeds.Regardlessoftheultimateusefor whichitisintended,

eaccurate;inclusive,omittingnothingpertinenttotheprogram;andpresented

yanduse.Thetechniquesforobtainingandpresentingthis informationare

ymentService,jobanalysisinvolvesasystematicstudyof aspecific

odata,people,andthings(WorkerFunctions);

chniquesemployed(WorkFields);

pment,andworkaidsused(MTEWA);

ubjectmatter,orserviceswhichresult(MPSMS);and

contributetosuccessfuljobperformance(WorkerCharacteristics).

ngJobs(HAJ)isdevotedto anexplanationoftheproceduresandtech-

employmentservicetoanalyzejobsandrecordtheanalyses.Theseprocedures

eoccupationalinformationneedsofvarioushumanresourceprograms,and

alysisprogram,regardlessof theintendedutilizationofthedata.

upplyingoccupationalinformationneededforhumanresourcedevelop-

amsinthe publicemploymentservice,industry,andothernon-governmentes-

majorareasofuse are:

ent-Providingmeaningfulandcorrectjobdatafortherecruitmentand

rs-Determiningjobrelationshipsusefulin thetransferandpromotion

openingofjob opportunitiesattheentrylevel.Determiningactualphys-

suggestingjobadjustmentstofacilitateimprovedutilizationofworkers

cturingjobstomakebetteruse oftheavailableworkforce;andtoassist

esforpeoplewhoare lessthanfullyqualified,infacilitatingthe place-

-filljobs,andin providingtraineejobs.

urnishingtheVocationalCounselorwithanassessmentofthetasksand

fthe avocations,training,andexperiencesthatleadtothem,asabasis

ningneedsanddevelopingtrainingprograms.Thecontentofthe train-

toftimerequiredfor training,andthebasisforthe selectionoftrainees

onknowledgeofthejobs.

Providinganobjectivebasisfordevelopingperformancestandards.

rovingsafetythroughtheidentificationofjobhazards.


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LESOFJOBANALYSIS

"job"has differentmeaningsdependingonhow,when,orbywhom

s oftenusedinterchangeablywiththewords"occupation","position",

isconfusionandtoclarifyterms,the UnitedStatesEmploymentService

onsforthefollowingtermsforusein jobanalysis:

eststepintowhichitis practicaltosubdivideanyworkactivitywith-

otions,movements,andmentalprocessesinvolved.

ementsandis oneofthedistinctactivitiesthatconstitutelogical

performanceofworkbythe worker.Ataskiscreatedwhenever

mental,isexertedtoaccomplishaspecificpurpose.

ftasksconstitutingthetotalworkassignmentofasingle worker.

sas thereareworkersinthecountry.

swithinanestablishment'whichareidenticalwith respectto

sksandsufficientlyaliketo justifytheirbeingcoveredbya single

eormanypersons employedinthesamejob.

pof jobs,foundatmorethanone establishment,inwhichacommon

or arerelatedintermsof similarobjectives,methodologies,materi-

ons,orworkercharacteristics.

relativeconcepts;anactivitythatis anelementinonejob couldbea

uld beajobin andofitselffora thirdworker.Thefollowingexampleillus-

dmeatsandcheese"is anelementinthejob ofaShortOrderCook,a

chMaker,andthetotaljob ofaDeliCutter-Slicer.

RelativeConcepts

er,food

ntime

eseby

ese

eseby

ecessarytodeterminewherejobsbegin andwheretheyend.Theana-

zeagroupofpositions,determinethenumberof jobsexistingamongtheposi-

theexactnatureof thesejobs.

ey exist;therefore,eachcompletedJobAnalysisReport(JAR)must

tthe timeoftheanalysis,notas itshouldexist,notas ithasexistedin

tsin similarestablishments.

rprivateemployingunitthatproduces,provides,and/orsellsgoodsor servicesatasingle,physical

tmayrangeinsizefroma single,self-employedworkertothousandsofworkers.


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sisshouldrepresentadescriptionofonejob;no moreandnoless.Tasks

ivenworkerinaddition toregulardutiesshouldnotbe consideredpartof

gexamplesarethekinds ofsituationswhichtheanalystmayencounterin

pecificcycleorsequenceofoperations.Theanalystshouldbegin

keriscalledupontodo andconsidertheworkstepssuccessively.

memachineoperatingjobsmaybearrangedin thefollowingorder:

eratesmachine;(3)removesworkpieces;(4)maintainstools;and

arcycleof operations.Thissituationisusuallymoredifficultto

involvesaconsiderablevarietyoftasks.Therefore,theanalyst

ationaccordingtofunction.

uld(1)testand analyzerawmaterialsormanufacturedproductsfor

dards;(2)conductcontrolledexperimentsforpurposesofdevising

gproductionortestingandanalyzingrawmaterialsand products,

newuses,andof recoveringandutilizingby-products;and(3)super-

anufacturingprocessesandoperations,includingthemeasuringand

hecontrolof chemicalreactionsduringprocessing.

hangesfromonesetofduties toanother.Forexample,fourwork-

set ofdutieswhichinclude(1)weighingoutspecifiedamounts

ngtheweighedtobaccointoshapeboxesinwhichthe tobaccois

amashingmachine;(3)takingshapeboxesfrommashingmachine

pressedtobaccofromtheshapeboxes;and (4)cuttingthetobacco

incetheworkersfrequentlyrotatetorelievemonotony,theduties

teonejob,allphasesofwhichareperformedby alltheworkers.

ivenset ofdutiesalthoughinemergenciestheworkerperforms

s.Forexample,in anaircraftfactoryagroupofworkersare

builders,ribframebuilders,andspar builders.Theworkersareen-

mbly.Eachassemblesvariousmembersofaunitfuselage,wing,rib,

en temporarilysecurestheassemblywithscrews,bolts,ortack

orweldingoperations.Althoughthejobsareinterchangeableto

theworkersperformsthedutiesofany oneoftheothersin emergen-

theirrespectivejobsinregular productionwork.Situationssuchas

dseparatejobs.

EJOBANALYSISCOMPONENTS

quirethatcertaincategoriesofi nformationaboutjobsbecollected,ana-

stematicway.Themethodusedby theUSESrecognizestwomajorareas

erformedandWorkerCharacteristics.Thespecificcategoriesofinformation

alysiscomponents.Eachjobanalysiscomponenthasa specificnumberoffac-

bcomponents.Factorsareassignedtoagivenjobbased onanevaluationof

mentsofthejob.

ents

thosejobanalysiscomponentsthatrelatetotheactualworkactivities

ormationthatshouldbereflectedinthejob summaryandthebodyofa well-

eWorkPerformedcomponentsconsistof:

ysinwhichajobrequiresthe workertofunctioninrelationto

asexpressedbymental,interpersonal,andphysicalworkeractions.

hreeWorkerFunctionsthatbestcharacterizetheworker'sprimary

eople,andThings,andthepredominanceofeachfunctionisindicat-

deusefulinformationabouttheWorkPerformed.Thisjobanalysis

entifyingfunctionsandisdefinedanddiscussedinChapter3.


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upingsoftechnologiesandsocioeconomicobjectivesthatreflect

hatgets doneastheresultof theworkactivitiesofajob, orin

fthejob. Theysummarizeandclassifytheoverallobjectivesof

ofmaterials,fabricatingproducts,utilizingdata,andprovidingserv-

e definedanddiscussedinChapter4.

ectMatter,andServices(MPSMS):MPSMSinclude(a)basic

d,suchasfabric,metal,orwood;(b)finalproductsbeing made,such

;(c)data,whenbeingdealtwith orapplied,suchasin dramatics

sbeingrendered,suchas barberingordentistry.Chapter5contains

mponent.

omponents

cscomponentincludesjobanalysiscomponentswhichreflectworkerat-

successfuljobperformance.TheWorkerCharacteristicscomponentsconsistof:

elopment(GED):Educationofageneralnaturewhichcontributes

tandtotheacquisitionofmathematicalandlanguageskillsthatare

chieveaveragesatisfactoryjobperformance.GEDisestimatedon

for reasoning,mathematical,andlanguagedevelopmentandisdis-

ration(SVP):Vocationalpreparationthatinvolvesacquiringinfor-

iques,anddevelopingthefacilityforacceptableperformanceina

onofSVPinjob analysisisdiscussedinChapter8.

bilitiesrequiredofanindividualin ordertofacilitatethelearning

The11Aptitudesincludedinthis componentaredefinedanddis-

tyrequirementsmadeontheworkerbythe job-workersituation.

of11factors,whicharedefinedanddiscussedin Chapter10.

ngorpreferenceforan activity.The12Interestfactorsused

sareexplainedinChapter11.

vironmentalConditions:PhysicalDemandsaredefinedasthe

deontheworkerbythespecificjob-workersituation.Environmental

dingsinwhicha jobisperformed.Thiscomponentisdefinedand

eanalysishasbeendevisedtohelp theanalystexpressajob-workersitua-

orm.Useofthis techniquemakesiteasierforananalystto collectcomplete

orrectratingsforthe ratableWorkPerformedcomponents(WorkerFunctions,

andtowritethe jobsummarysectionofthejobdescription.Application

chniqueinjobanalysisis discussedinChapter6.

MENT,ANDWORKAIDS

ent,andWorkAids(MTEWA)areinstrumentsanddevicesusedtocarry

definedas follows:

chareacombinationofmechanicalpartswiththeframeworkandfas-

nectthem,andare designedtoapplyaforcetodo workonormove

a.Amachinemaybe activatedbyhandorfootpowerapplied

oroutsidepowersources,suchas electricity,steam,orcompressed

esses,drill presses,castingmachines,forgingmachines,conveyors,

utomobiles.


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entswhicharemanipulatedbyhandtodo workonormovemateri-

handtools,plusthosemanipulatedbytheworkerandactivatedby

chaselectricityorcompressedair.Examplesarepneumaticham-

nt-sprayguns,electric-poweredscrewdrivers,andelectriccutters.

hgeneratepower,communicatesignals,orhaveaneffectuponma-

oflight,heat,electricity,steam,chemicals,oratmosphericpressure.

forges,cameras,andpower-generatingdevices.Alsoincludedin

essingdevices,suchasPBXswitchboards,radiotransmitters,amme-

ms.

temswhichcannotbeconsideredasmachines,tools,orequip-

ryforcarryingoutthe work.Includedare(1)supportivedevices,

ps,vises,oranvils;(2) specialmeasuring,hand-manipulateddevices,

pers,gauges,rules,squares,andtapes;(3)graphicinstructions,such

aps,charts,wiringdiagrams,manuals,andformalizedjobinstruc-

nthe processingorfabricationofmaterialsandproducts,suchas

usicalinstruments.


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hethreecomponentsofWorkPerformed,areactivitieswhichidentify

ta,people,andthings.Thefollowing24WorkerFunctionsareused injob

elationships.

ping

onsSpeaking-Signaling,TakingInstructions-Helping,Operating-

ating,andFeeding-OffBearingaresinglefunctions.

p,Operating-Controlling,Tending,andFeeding-OffBearinginclude

orkeris partofthesetupof themachine,astheholderandguider

dTending,Operating-ControllingandDriving-Controlling,andSetting

vingmachinesandequipmentofHandling,Manipulating,and

tively.

spartofthe machinefunctionbyreasonofholdingandguidingthe

WorkerFunctionshouldbeinterpretedasmachine-related.Inthese

Up,Operating-Controlling,Tending,orFeeding-OffBearing.

vedprimarilywithnon-machineactivities,butalsohasaminor

theappropriatenon-machineThingsWorkerFunctionshouldbe

pictsabroadactionwhichsummarizeswhattheworkerdoesinrelation

s.Theselectionofthree WorkerFunctions,whichrepresentthemostcharac-

psinthejobto Data,People,andThings,respectively,providesadeviceto

ejob.WorkerFunctioncodenumbersare alsoreflectedinDOTdefinition

eedigitsofa 9-digitcode.

UNCTIONS

twithineachofthethreerelationships(Data,People,Things)is structured

ressionfromthel esscomplextothemorecomplex,thereareinstanceswhere

arelimited.

ngementofdifferentkindsofactivitiesinvolvinginformation,knowledge,

adinscopeandothers arenarrow.Thereisconsiderableoverlapincomplexity

mputingandCopyingaremorespecializedtypesoffunctionalactivitiesthan

activitiesthathavelittleor nohierarchicalarrangement.Beyondthegen-

ructions-HelpingisusuallytheleastcomplexPeopleFunction,theremaining

corderdenotinglevels.


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videdintorelationshipsbaseduponthe worker'sinvolvementwitheither

(machine-related)orwithtools andworkaids(non-machinerelated).[Forclari-

EquipmentandWorkAids(MTEWA)aredefinedinChapter2,Conceptsand

Asshowninthe followingchart,ThingsFunctionsalsorepresentlevelsof

orker'sdecisionsorjudgments.

THINGSWORKERFUNCTIONS

t

gment

WORKERFUNCTIONS

WorkerFunctionsandthe examplesthatfolloweachdefinition,and

tivitiesofthejob studied.SelecttheData,People,andThingsWorkerFunc-

ethejob.TheWorkerFunctionsselectedshouldreflectthe Data,People,and

complishtheoverallpurposeofthe jobandtheimportantworkeractivities

nedthatbestcharacterizesthejobis notnecessarilytheFunctionwhich

resentinthe job.Insomecases,theamountof timespentinanactivity

cularWorkerFunctionismostcharacteristic.Inothercases,thecontribution

letionoftheoverallpurposeofthejob,rather thanthefrequencyoftheactivi-

tionofa WorkerFunction.Inshort,theanalystmustdifferentiatetheinciden-

activities.

priateThingsWorkerFunction,considerthefollowing:(1)determinethe

ofcomplexityoftheworker'srelationshiptoThingsbased onthedegreeof

ctedinthepreviouschart;then(2) decidewhethertheworkerrelatestoseveral

sometimesareoneoftheitems,or whetherthesituationisa specialcasein

rnedalmostexclusivelywithoneormoremachinesorpiecesof equipment.

estappropriateleveloftheworker'srelationshipto Data,People,and

theFunctionsisrelativelythemostimportant.Enterin Item8ofthe JAR

eachspaceprovided.Circlethe"Data","People",and"Things"caption(s)

hip(s)bestexemplifythejob.

LESOFWORKERFUNCTIONS

edge,andconceptionsrelatedtodata,people,orthingsobtainedby

n,interpretation,visualization,andmentalcreation.Dataareintangibleand

ymbols,ideas,concepts,andoralverbalization.

ganalysesofdatatodiscoverfactsor developknowledgeconceptsorin-

morouscartoonsbasedonpersonalinterpretationsofcurrentnewsevents.

ofliterary,musical,orartisticworksand performancesforbroadcastand

ndconductsrehearsalsforstagepresentation.

esandexperimentaldesignstoinvestigateproblemsofgrowth,intelligence,

sensoryprocesses.


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17/276

hearsalsandperformancestoachievedesiredeffects,suchastonaland har-

s,rhythms,tempos,andshadings.

iscovernewusesforchemicalbyproducts,anddevisesnewproceduresfor

unds.

ositions,usingknowledgeofharmonic,rhythmic,melodic,andtonalstruc-

musictheory.

oliciesofnewspaperandoriginatesplansforspecialfeaturesor projects.

micpartsby speechorgesturetoportrayrole intheatricalproduction.

originaldancesforballet,musical,orrevueto beperformedforstage,televi-

pictureproduction.

ngtime,place,orsequenceofoperationsoractivitiesonthebasis of

gdeterminationsorreportingonevents.

rdinatesactivitiesofdesignatedprojecttoensurethataims,goals,or objec-

accordancewithprescribedpriorities,timelimitations,andfundingcon-

activitiesof radioortelevisionstudioandcontrolroompersonnelto ensure

esandsoundforprogramsoriginatingin studioorfromremotepickup

ntofairtrafficbetweenaltitudesectorsandcontrolcenterstoprovidemaxi-

yforaircraft.

controllingof oilthroughpipelinesfromwellsandstorage tankstodeliv-

ithdeliveryobligationsanddeadlines.

paigntopromotesaleofmerchandise.

ollectionroutesanddirectsassignmentofpersonneland equipmentinthe

nitationdepartment.

dfrequencyofbusestravelingoverestablishedcityroutesto meetthetrans-

.

ublicandprivatehousingprojectsto relocateresidentsinaccordancewith

cilities,andservices.

lant activities,suchaspasteurizing,separating,evaporating,drying,cool-

ocessingofmilkproducts.

devaluatingdata.Presentingalternativeactionsinrelationtotheevalua-

erecordsandtastesfoodandbeveragesamplestodeterminesales appeal

ervingmeals andbeveragesinfoodestablishments.

oengineto diagnosecausesofenginemalfunction.

applicationsanddetermineseligibilitybasedonneedand academicstand-

eatherdataandplotsanticipatedweatherdevelopmentsonmapsandcharts.

sscoutingreportsinpreparingdefensiveplansforfootballteam.


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estakenfromoutcrops,floats,andstreamchannelsforpreliminaryquantita-

ontent.

atescustomers'billcomplaintsforelectricorgas-powerservice.

operationofmachineryorequipmentin plantandevaluatesdeviationsfrom

esolveproblems.

cationplanttocontrolchemicalprocesseswhichsoftenwaterormake

t,suchaspaintings,sculpture,andantiques,to determinetheirauthenticity

ollating,orclassifyinginformationaboutdata,people,orthings.Report-

cribedactioninrelationtotheinformationis frequentlyinvolved.

gmachine,observingoperationofmachineasworkprogressesand making

owrittenspecifications.

tdataandsubmitsdata toDispatcherforapprovalandflightauthorization.

drecordsforestdata,suchasrainfall,streamflow,andsoil moisture,tode-

transactionsinseparateledgersandtransfersdata togeneralledgertomain-

nsactionsofanestablishment.

lightarrivalanddeparturetimes atspecifiedpointstoconstructflightsched-

omplaintsfrompublicconcerningcrimesorotheremergencies,recordscom-

uture processing.

als,suchasbooks,films,andperiodicals,accordingtosubjectmatter.

shoes,boots,overshoes,andslippers,indepartmentstore.

gmachinesforotherworkersaccordingtoproductspecificationsandpre-

ods,suchastacosandfishand chips,accordingtorecipeusingspecificmeth-

ookery.

ticalandophthalmiclensesatvariousstagesofproductionto determinelenses

,accordingtoworkorderandprescriptionspecifications,usingprecision

arithmeticoperationsandreportingonorcarryingouta prescribedaction

ot includecounting.

omers'laundrybypricingeachitemon customers'lists,usingaddingma-

ne.

dprincipalpaymentsonmortgageloans,usingcalculatingmachine.

repaircostestimatesforhosieryand gloves.

sofminersfromproductionrecords.

rovesdailytransactionsincar-rentalestablishment.

eforpaymentreceivedforfoodbill,casheschecks,andissuesreceiptsor

ssengerchargespayabletoparticipatingcarriers,usingratetableand calcu-


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elephonechargeaccordingtotimeconsumed,typeofcall,and mileagezone

omerofwaterconditionerbasedonfrequencyofserviceandsize ofunit

ntering,orpostingdata.

manifest,suchasnameof shipper,tonnage,anddestination,frombillsof

ration.

gs,suchasoil,steam,temperature,andpressure,oncompanyoperatingchart.

ctionrecordsintocomputersystemterminal.

plicantson permanentofficerecordform.

sfrommailinglisttoenvelopes,cards,advertisingliterature,packages,and

engthofhidesfrom tagonbundle.

stencils,forms,orotherstraightcopymaterialfrom correctedroughdraft.

y,material,andpartnumberfromworkticketontoproductionreport.

nddraftsto clearing-housesettlementsheets.

adingandamountofgasandoil usedduringrefuelinginvehiclelogbook.

eadilyobservablefunctional,structural,orcompositionalcharacteristics

gentfromobviousstandards)of data,people,orthings.

tcarstoascertainthat materialsandgoods,suchasautomobiles,lumber,

s,aresecurelybracedandblockedaccordingtoloadingspecifications.

phonechargeticketsforsuchbilling informationasdestinationoftelegraph

telephonenumbertowhichchargesaremade.

ncomingarticleswithactualnumbersandweightsofarticles.

yaccordingtosizeand physicalappearance.

ucts,suchasbrick,roofingtile, andsewerpipe,accordingtoform,color,

cs.

gnatedlogstodeterminethatmoisturecontentof logsiswithinlimits spec-

ainersoronconveyortoensure thatitis formed,coated,cupped,wrapped,

ntstandards.

acesofautomobiletodetectscratches,blemishes,andthinspots.

ccordingtocolor,size, andstylespecified.

omobilesatendofautomaticcarwashlinetoensurecompletenessofwash

lsoanimalsdealtwithonanindividualbasis asiftheywerehuman.

ndividualsinterms oftheirtotalpersonalityinorder toadvise,counsel,

o problemsthatmayberesolvedbylegal,scientific,clinical,spiritual,

ples.

debtto providefinancialinformationandadviceconcerningresolutionof


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20/276

esparents,teachers,andchildreninorder todevelopplansforovercoming

rscholasticproblemsinchildren.

lmatters.

vidualsandfamiliesrequiringassistanceof socialserviceagency.

individualswithmentalandemotionaldisorders.

thvocationalandeducationalplanningservicesbasedonappraisaloftheir

eraments,andotherpersonalityfactors.

smentalandemotionaldisordersofindividuals,andadministersprograms

sinmakingacademic,social,andenvironmentaladjustmentstocampusand

moralguidanceandassistancetocongregationmembers.

diseasesanddisordersof animals.

gideas,information,andopinionswithotherstoformulatepoliciesand

tdecisions,conclusions,orsolutions.

rtyownersandpublicofficialstosecurepurchaseor leaseoflandandright-

elines,andotherconstructionprojects.

andrepresentativesofoil-producingfirmsinattempttocompleteagreements.

droyaltycontractscoveringoilexploration,drilling,andproductionac-

s.

ofvariousorganizationsineachlocalityto rentpremisesforcircus,toar-

blicityandpromotionalmaterials,andto hiremusiciansforcircusband.

ettle labordisputes.Conferswithunionmembersandpreparescasesfor

employerstonegotiateorarbitrate.

ipperstoagreeupon reciprocalfreight-handlingcontract.

lsandotherinstitutionalagenciesforstudentsto obtainclinicalexperience

tivesofentertainmentattractions,suchastroupes,performers,ormotionpic-

etermsof contractandfeestobepaidfor engagementinestablishments,

rs,ordancehalls.

storaiseor purchasefruitorvegetablecrops.

sofwelfareboardtoplan activitiesandexpenditures.

committeeandheadsofproduction,advertising,andcirculationdepartments

ditorialandoperatingproceduresandnegotiatedecisionsaffectingpubli-

bjectmattertoothers,ortrainingothers (includinganimals)throughex-

,andsupervisedpractice;ormakingrecommendationsonthebasisof

techniquesofindustrialnursing.Conductsclassesinfirstaidand home

trumentalorvocalmusicforindividualsor groupsinpublicorprivate

licerecruitsin policescienceinvestigativemethodsandtechniques,govern-

e,proficiencyinfirearms,self-defense,andcareoffirearms.


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chaslions, tigers,bears,andelephants,toperformtricksforentertainment

erexhibitions.

ubjectsin collegeoruniversityclassroom.

ygroundsandschoolsinfundamentalsandrulesof competitivesports.Dem-

meanddrillsplayersin fundamentalsuntiltheyarefamiliarwithall

es,andusesaudiovisualteachingaidstopresentsubjectmattertoclass.

ratesjobfundamentalstoflightattendantsofpassengerairline.

ntingdecorationsonplates,bowls,saucers,andotherdinnerware.

gorinterpretingworkproceduresforagroup ofworkers,assigningspe-

ainingharmoniousrelationsamongthem,andpromotingefficiency.A

sinvolvedinthis function.(NOTE:Theactivitiesmayincludetraining

ers'performance;assistingworkersinsolvingworkproblems;initiating

nnelactions,suchashiring,Firing,promoting,transferring,anddisciplin-

egulations;andmaintainingordirectingmaintenanceofproductionand

rsonneltostationor patrols.Interpretssecurityrulesandsupervisessubor-

s.Reportsirregularitiesand hazardstoappropriatepersonnel.Selects

nsuresthatsafetystandardsaremaintained.

natesactivitiesofworkersengagedinloadingships'cargoes.Studiesbills

uenceofloadingoperations,calculatesnumberofhoursandpersonnel

stoworkers.Overseesworkerstoensurecargois loadedinproperse-

orderstonewspaperworkersengagedingathering,writing,andpublishing

ports, society,music,ordrama.

rkersengagedindistributingmaterialsto otherworkersandkeepingrecords

mpleted.

therequipmentandordersship's crewtorepairorreplacedefectiveparts.

sand examinestypedmaterialforaccuracy,neatness,andconformanceto

ivesinstructionstocrewoffishing vessel,andassignscrewtowatches

ngoperations,usingknowledgeoffishinggroundsandworkload capac-

eduresforworkersengagedinloadingandunloadingkiln todrygreenhops.

rto determinedistributionfordrying,andgivesinstructionstoworkers

aybepiledinkiln bayandkilntemperatureandairvolumeto bemain-

edinmaintaininggroundsandturfon golfcourse.Determinesworkpriority

ks,suchas fertilizing,seeding,mowing,raking,andspraying.Observes

onstratesmoreefficientworkmethods.

ospecificduties.Inspectsworkinprogressto determineconformancetospec-

orkers.

rs,usuallythroughthemediumofstage,screen,television,orradio.

cproductiontoentertainaudience.

church,orfolkmusicinmusicalprograms.


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odern,oracrobaticdancesalone,withpartner,oringroupsto entertainaudi-

ceinsubjects,occasionallyusingmembersofaudienceassubjects,andcom-

tstoperformspecificactivities.

rthatvoiceappearsto comefromsourceotherthanownvocalchords,such

ppet.

mstunts andaerialacrobaticsatfairsandcarnivals.

rackin competitionwithotherdrivers.

pectacularfeats,suchasleaping,tumbling,andbalancing,aloneoras

ausduringChristmasseason.

stocktricksofillusionand sleightofhandtomystifyaudience,usingprops

es.Frequentlyusesmembersofaudienceinact.

othersinfavorofa product,service,orpointofview.

rialpsychologyfirmstomanagementofficials.

icitrepairbusinessandtosell newmilkingequipment.Demonstratesmilk-

on,askingforbids,attemptingto stimulatebuyingdesireofbiddersand

der.

surancebypointingoutcompanyprogramsthatmeetclients'insurance

orclubortrade association.Visitsorcontactsprospectivememberstoex-

embershipandto describeorganizationandobjectiveofcluborasso-

ndfirmsbytelephoneandin persontosolicitfundsforcharitableorganiza-

tocustomerafterpointingoutsalable featuresofmerchandise.

osuggestmerchandisingadvantagesofcompany'stradingstampplan.

ls ethicaldrugsandotherpharmaceuticalproductstodoctors,dentists,hos-

saledrugestablishments.

diseorcommoditiesforresale.

kingwithandsignalingpeopletoconveyorexchangeinformation.In-

sanddirectionstohelpersorassistants.

nsurethatimplementationandprescribedactivitiesarecarriedoutin accord-

ives.

esthroughsubordinatesupervisorypersonnelactivitiesofproduction

ngmaterialsormanufacturingproductsinindustrialestablishment.

ningwithflagwhenconstructionworkobstructsnormaltrafficroute.

atorverbaldirectionsinplacingofitemson stageorset.

yactivities,facilities,rules,andservices.

byword,mannerism,hand,orothercharacteristicsignal.

ntsinemploymentagency.

mpassengersconcerningtrainroutes,stations,andtimetableinformation.


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rningsize,value,andhistoryofestablishment;pointsoutfeaturesof interest;

npeculiartoestablishment.

ogiveinformationaboutcompany'sspecialservicestopotentialcustomers.

lsto operatorsofhoistingequipmentengagedinraisingor loweringloads

gmaterials.

fishinglawsto sportinggroups.

needsor requestsofpeopleoranimalsor theexpressedorimplicitwish-

sponseisinvolved.

stsambulancedriveroncalls.Assistsinliftingpatientonto wheeledcart

outofambulance.Rendersfirstaid,suchasbandaging,splinting,and

sonalservicesconducivetosafetyandcomfortofairlinepassengersduring

dgolf courseforplayers,handingclubstoplayersasrequested.

capped,orconvalescentpeople.Actsasaideorfriendby attendingto

ness,orsocialneeds.

arelandcheckspersonaleffectsforperformersandotherpersonnelwhen

alsinzoo.

olicandnonalcoholicdrinkstopatronsofbar, followingstandardrecipes.

olrubsto hospitalpatients.

otwearforcustomers.

orooms,assiststhem withluggage,andoffersinformationpertainingto

litiesofhotel.

ping:Attendingtotheworkassignmentinstructionsorordersofsupervi-

serequiredunlessclarificationofinstructionsorordersis needed.)Help-

g"helpers.

hoist,andstackcartonsof materialsinwarehouse,followingoralinstruc-

tenworkorders.

tridgestodetermineconformitytocompanyspecifications,referringtotest

gingorboxing,followingguidemarkson tableorusingfoldingboard.

sactionsinledgersoraccountsbookstomaintainestablishmentrecords.

ndpacksmountedorunmountednegatives,colorfilmtransparencies,and

soningsandotheringredientsto preparespicemixesaccordingtoformula.


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sasdistinguishedfromhumanbeings;substancesormaterials;andmachines,

ds,andproducts.Athingistangibleand hasshape,form,andotherphysical

chines(orequipment)foroperationby planningorderofsuccessivema-

gandadjustingtoolsandothermachinecomponents,adjustingtheposi-

al,settingcontrols,andverifyingaccuracyofmachinefunctionsand

knowledgeofmachinecapabilities,propertiesofmaterials,andshop

pment,andworkaids,suchasprecisiongaugesandmeasuringinstru-

poneor anumberofmachinesforotherworkersor whosetupand

tyofmachinesareincludedhere.

securescuttersintoolhead,inspindle,or onarborofgearcuttingmachines,

bers,andgenerators.Setsfeedrates androtationspeedsofcuttersand

chotherbyselectingand mountinggears,cams,ortemplatesorby

trolstosetcuttingspeedsanddepth ofstrokeandcutforreciprocating

sand workpieces.

olin spindle,usingwrenches.Positionsworkpieceinfixtureoronmachine

psandwrenches,andverifiespositionswithinstruments,suchas sur-

ators.Selectsfeedrate,honingtoolrotationspeed,and depthofcut

fmetalpropertiesandabrasives.Movescontrolstopositiontoolin rela-

t feedrateandspindlespeed.Positionsandtightensstops, using

ofhoningtoolstroke.Startsmachineand rumshandwheelstofeedtool

rst-runworkpieceforconformancetospecifications,usingmicrometers

aligns,andsecureselectrodes,jigs,holdingfixtures,guides,andstops on

azingmachines.

onsintodie-castingmachinesthatcastparts,suchas automobiletrim,car-

orparts,fromnonferrousmetals.Securesdiesectionsinposition andad-

ectswaterhosestocoolingsystemof die.Preheatsdiesections.Turns

gulateflowofwatercirculatingthroughdies.Startsmachinetoproduce

nescastingtoverifysetup.

djustssawblades,cutterheads,boringbits, andsandingbeltsinvarietyof

singhandtoolsandrules.Operatesmachinestosaw,smooth,shape,bore,

parts.Periodicallyverifiesdimensionsofparts foradherencetospecifi-

templates.

eddiesto ramandanvilofpressesand hammers.Installsimpressionand

nizingcamsonupsettingmachines.Setsandboltsroll diesintoself-

rollshaftsofforgingrolls. Alignsandboltspositioningfixturesand

knobs tosynchronizeconveyorspeedwithforging-machiningaction

ce.Startsmachineandinspectsworktoverifyconformanceofdiesetup

bodymembersand/ortoolsorworkaids towork,move,guide,or

nsituationswhereultimateresponsibilityforthe attainmentofstandards

propriatetools,objects,ormaterials,andtheadjustmentofthe toolto

ablejudgment.

productionmachineryinaccordancewithblueprints,diagrams,operation

rer'sspecifications,usinghandtools,powertools,andprecision-measuring

ts onmetal,usingscribeandhandtools.

erencelinesandmarkslocationofholesto bedrilled,usingscribe.


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25/276

gnsfortextileclothpatternson graphpaper,usingwatercolors,brushes,

ments,andornamentsfromstone,concrete,andwood,usingchisels,ham-

chinecomponentsaccordingtoassemblyblueprints,manuals,engineering

ndknowledgeofmachineconstructionprocedures,usinghandtoolsand

forprecisionfit,using metalworkingmachines.

andfinisheswood,plastics,plexiglass,andhardboardpartsofdisplays,

scaledrawingsforuseby buildingcontractorsandcraftworkers.

alfunctions,usingtestlights,ohmmeter,voltmeters,circuitsimulators,and

shair,using clippers,comb,andscissors.

dcutscarpetingandlinoleumwithknifetoget maximumnumberofusable

olls,followingfloordimensionsanddiagrams.

productionofmetalcastings,using handtools,powertools,patterns,and

edgeofvariables,suchasmetalcharacteristics,moldingsand,contours

ocedures.

Starting,stopping,controlling,andadjustingtheprogressof machinesor

chinesinvolvessettingupand adjustingthemachineormaterial(s)as

rollinginvolvesobservinggauges,dials,etc.andturningvalvesand

actorssuchastemperature,pressure,flowofliquids,speedof pumps,

.

sioncamera,observesscenesthroughcameramonitor,adjustslenstomain-

ovesleversto alterangleordistanceofshot tophotographscenes

mericinputdataon keyboardofcomputerterminalfromsourcedocuments.

,presseskeyto obtainprintoutorvideodisplayofdata,and backspaces

aterial,usingkeyboard,tocorrecterrors.Pressescodekeyto transmit

onelinestocomputer.

espeedof turntableoftaperecordermachines.Turnsknobsoncuttingarms

stylus.Movesswitchestoopenmicrophoneandtunein liveorrecord-

orizontallyonbarrelrestof barrel-lathemachine.Clampsbarrelbetween

machineandholdsbarrelplane againstsurfaceofrevolvingbarrel

lengthtoscrapeandsmoothit.

dtubecomponentsinchuckor tailstockoflathesanddepressespedalsof

atlockpartsinlathes.Starts lathes,lightsgas-torchheatingelements,

eflames.Turnshandwheelsorpushes leverstocontrolheatingofspeci-

of floor-mountedsewingmachines.Drawsthreadthroughmachineguides,

nsertsbobbinsintoshuttlesand drawsthreadthroughslotsinshuttle

ghguidesand loopereyes.Presseskneelevers,depressespedals,or

presserfoot orspreadfeedcups.Positionspartsto bejoinedandlowers

andcontrolsspeedofmachineswithpedalsor kneeleversandguides


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tralcontrolpanelofswitchboardtoregulateconverters.Observesdemand

rdinginstrumentsandmovescontrolstoensureefficientpowerutilization,

maintenanceofpowerdistribution.Monitorsgauges,alarms,and

dpreventdamagetoequipmentanddisruptionofpower.

servesgauges,andadjustscontrolsto maintainspecifiedtemperaturefor

or afterwashing,milling,orpelletizingoperations.

ssureofgasfrom mainstofuelfeedlines ofgas-firedboilers,furnaces,

rs,andrelatedsteam-generatingorheatingequipment.Opensvalveon

ategasfor fuelandclosesvalvestoreducegaspressure.Observes,

ndpressuregaugereadingson gasmainsandfuelfeedlines.

ing,stopping,andcontrollingtheactionsofmachinesorequipmentfor

eredor whichmustbeguidedtocontrolthe movementofthingsor

oses.Involvessuchactivitiesas observinggaugesanddials,estimating

gspeedanddirectionofotherobjects,turningcranksandwheels,and

orlevers.Includessuchmachinesascranes,conveyorsystems,trac-

achines,pavingmachines,andhoistingmachines.Excludesmanually

ashandtrucksanddollies,andpower-assistedmachines,suchaselectric

ucks.

rseindicatedbyelectronicequipment,suchasradioand landradar,totrans-

ocationsforcatchingfishand othermarinelife.

slevers tomove,controlspeed,andstopcraneboom,andraiseor lower

djustscontrolstomoveandpositionload bysightorat directionof

pteroveragriculturalfieldsat lowaltitudestodustor sprayfieldswith

des.

rakes,andothercontrolsto transportpassengersorfreightonelectric,die-

-turbine-electriclocomotive.Interpretstrainorders,blockorsemaphore

ndregulations.

suchasgraders,plows,androllers,totractorwithhitchpins.Releasesbrake,

sacceleratorormovesthrottletocontrolforwardand backwardmove-

actorbyturningsteeringwheeland depressingbrakepedals.

alsto movemachine;tolowerandpositiondipperintomaterial;andto lift,

sofdipperintotruck,car,or ontoconveyororstockpile.

ables,orotherdevicestocontrolmovementofelevator.Opensandcloses

vatorof eachfloorwherestopismade.

ndstopsrailroadorminecars byswitching,applyingbrakes,placingsprags

kes,orplacingwoodenwedgesbetweenwheelandrail.Positionscars

sertingpinchbar undercarwheels,usingbarasfulcrumand leverto

mbraketoeasecardownincline.

earmoredcarto delivermoneyandvaluablestobusinessestablishments.

-mountedtrackmobiletospotrailroadcarsonramp abovechipstoragebins

sbottomdoorsofcarsallowingchips tofallintobin.

randmovescontrolstoactivaterotarybrushesand spraysothatsweeping

rashfrom pavedstreetanddepositsitin rearofmachine.

ymembers,tools,orspecialdevicestowork,move,guide,orplaceob-

ssomelatitudeforjudgmentwithregard toprecisionattainedandselect-

ct,ormaterialalthoughthisis readilymanifest.


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




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ntsaftercleaningbyshrinkingorstretchinggarmentsby handtoconform

.

es,surfaces,andimpressedorraiseddesigns ofjewelryarticlesandjewelry

s,andsaws.

dsmachine-shapedgunstockstoremoveexcesswoodandimpartfinished

ingfiles,sandpaper,andemerycloth.

powered,portablegrinderagainstsurfaceof stationaryworkpiecetoremove

aterial,andburrs.Changesdiskstooneswithprogressivelyfinerabrasives

nworkpiece.

material,suchas fabricorleather,betweenslitsinshoe uppertoweave

ngtospecifications.

ndnozzleto regulatewidthandpressureofspray,pulls trigger,anddirects

applyprimeor finishcoataccordingtoknowledgeofpaintingtech-

gironalongseamofmetalplatesto heatplatestobondingtemperatureand

erin seamtosolderjoint.

rockor vataccordingtoformula,usingpaddle,andtestsconsistencyof

hathavebeenopenedinuse,orunopenedonesthat aretoberepackedin

ildings,installssupports,andcutsor drillsholesinwalls andpartitions

extended,usingwrenches,pliers,screwdrivers,saws,anddrills.

ng,andobservingthefunctioningofmachinesandequipment.Involves

trolsofthemachine,suchas changingguides,adjustingtimersandtem-

valvestoallowflowofmaterials,andflipping switchesinresponseto

volvedinmakingthese adjustments.

coringdisksonmachineshaft,turns handwheeltoadjustpressureondisks,

ksintomachinehopper.

ateamountofcoal,pushes air-blowercontrolsthatblowcoalintofurnaces,

ndfeedof coal.

and movesleveronpackagingmachine.Observesoperationtodetectmal-

changescuttingdies,setsguides,andclearsawaydamagedproductsor

hoe lastagainstrevolvingsandingwheeltoremovespecifiedamountof

faceoflast whileretainingoriginalcontours.Verifiescontoursofsand-

lvesto regulatefuelsupplytoasphalt-heater.Screwshoseconnections

atingsystemandusespumpto circulateasphaltthroughheatingunit.

ugeandadjustsbloweranddampercontrolstoregulateheatandmaintain

ulatesstrokeofpaper pusheronmachinethatassemblespagesofprinted

ence.Placespagestobeassembledinholdingtray.Turns controls

andremovesassembledpagesfrommachine.

rt,stop,and controlspeedofyamwindingmachine.Observesyamtodetect

dends,cuts outslubs,usingscissors,andties brokenyamends.

of machine,turnshandgaugestoregulatetravelofflatteningram,and

atcompressesspringunderspecifiedpressure.


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machinebed.Positionspremarkedarticleovertackon bedandpositions

ckandundermachineram.Depressespedalthat lowersramtojoinbut-

ntofireboxof boiler,turnsvalvestoregulateflowof gas,oil,orpulverized

controlstoregulatefeedingspeedof automaticstoker.Readsgauges

ntainspecifiedsteampressure,temperature,andwaterlevelinboiler.

erting,throwing,dumping,orplacingmaterialsinorremovingthem

entwhichareautomaticortendedoroperatedby otherworkers.

ockinto rollsofcalenderingmachinetomaintaincontinuoussupply.

nksintoautomaticburr-grindingmachines.Catchesejectedblanksand

o polishing.

ottlesfromconveyorandstacksthemonpallet.

ecifieddrymaterialsinto feederhopperofcrutcherequipmentwhichforms

oap.

cifiedpositionsonhooksofoverheadconveyorthatpassesthroughpainting

dpartsfromhooks.

at carriesthemintomachinethatremovesearth,straw,andotherresidue

ipment.Removescleanedeggsandpacksthemin cases.

conveyorofglasssilvering machineorautomaticwashinganddryingma-

edorcleanedmirrorfromconveyor.

oontoscreensofcleaningmachine,picksoutstemsanddirt fromtobacco,

romreceptacleunderscreenintocontainers.

ss pipettesfromconveyorandpacksthemintoboxes.

berintohopperof extractorthatremovesliquidbyforcingcottonthrough

tsintowashingmachine,extractor,andtumbler,andremovesgarmentsat

cle.

apercupsaccumulatingatcollectionrackatendofpneumatictubeleading

ngmachineandpackscupsintocardboardtubes.

mbers,handtools,orspecialdevicestowork,move,orcarryobjects

orno latitudeforjudgmentwithregardtoattainmentof standards

tool,object,ormaterials.

dtrucktomovemetalmoldsof pipemakingconcretefromformingareato

oholes inendsoflogspreparatoryto skidding.

ofreshpasturesduringdayand backtocorralatnight.

habeticalornumericalorderoraccordingtosubjectmatter andremoves

nrequest.

rush,cactus,mesquite,orothergrowthfromlandso landcanbeusedas

forproposedconstructionproject.

emicalplantandwritesor stencilsidentifyinginformationoncontainers.

containers,orscrewsbungsin place.Cleansstillsandotherequipment,

ilroadcarsortrucks.

containinginstructionstoworkers.


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stshallsand corridors.

excessmoisturefrom land,usingpickandshovel.

sfrompersonsontocardsforpurposesof identification.

es,usingknife.

spreparatorytosewingcuffstosleevesof garments.

ortarfrombricks,usinghammer.

ta,usingpen.


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32/276

efoundthefollowingstepstobehelpfulin assigningWorkFields.

ersituationtodeterminethe method(s)specifictotheaccomplishmentof

shasbeenpointedout inthissection,manyverbsareused tosigni-

relatetoquitedifferentobjectives.Thusitis essentialtocheckthe

gainst thedefinitionoftheWorkFieldwhichis supposedtoinclude

verbsaccompanyingeachWorkFielddefinitionis bynomeansex-

ossible thattheanalystwilluse others.However,makecertainthat

lvalueinaparticularcontextandarenot simplyexplanatoryorreflec-

hejob.Theanalystmustalwayskeepin mindthatWorkFields

he intermediateobjectivesreflectedinindividualworkelementstate-

job.Thetotalofall theintermediateobjectivescontainedinthe

dleadtoan understandingoftheassignedWorkField(s).

dthat mostadequatelyencompassesthespecificmethodologyofthejob-

hitispossibleto selectmorethanoneWorkFieldforalmost any

nearlyalljob-workersituationsinvolvingThingsrequireMaterial

everelseis done),thiswillnotbe necessaryiftheprimaryWork

ehensive.However,therewillbeinstanceswhereitisnecessaryto

kField.Whena combinationWorkFieldbestreflectstheoverall

cWorkFieldsencompassedbytheCombinationWorkFieldare

ftheJARthecodenumber(s)and title(s)oftheWorkField(s)selected

ofthedata.


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33/276

FWORKFIELDS

ing

ting

phing

ng

Fabricating-Installing

-oundationBuilding

png

tting-BeamCutting

l

g-Testing

ng-Installing-Repairing*

ng

rthBoring

-Recordkeeping


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34/276

AION

organizedintothe followinggroupsonthebasisof similartechnologies.

helpfulinensuringthe applicabilityoftheWorkField(s)selectedforthejob

ring

ndation

g-Beam


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




35/276

talling-

ating-ln-

stalling

g


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




36/276

Keeping

ordKee-

hing

g,shipping,requisitioning,

ofmaterials.

gverbalandnumerical

ting,evaluating,andexecut-

eofactivitiesoroperations

meric,andsymbolicdataor

sofcomputersystems.

ingdiagramsandotherdi-

onforuseindesignand pro-

nstructingmachinery,struc-

undamentalareasofknowl-

andexhaustiveinvestigation

epictingone'sownideasin P u b l i c D o m a i n , G o o g l e - d i g i t i z e d

/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




37/276

ORKFIELDS

mbinationWorkFieldsandthecorrespondingcomponentWorkFields

ed.

DS

talling-

ating-ln-

stalling-

g

S

3),Chipping(052),Milling-

wing(056),andShearing-

luing-Laminating(063),Nail-

g(171),andShearing-Shav-

crewing(071),Boring(053),

Caulking(094),Chipping

ting-Folding(061),Flame

Cutting(082),Gluing-Lami-

Coating(151),Laying-Cover-

Milling-Turning-Planing

ng(072),Paving(095),

oring(171),Shearing-Shav-

ng(083),andWelding(081).


ng(072),Riveting(073),Sol-

ding(081),andWinding


Chipping(052),Fastening

),FlameCutting-ArcCutting-

g-Laminating(063),Immers-

Turning-Planing(055),Nail-

g(134),Riveting(073),

oring(171),Shearing-Shav-

ng(083),andWelding(081).

lling(144),HeatConditioning

g(143),Saturating(152),


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




38/276

ONS

andand marineanimalsforsuchpurposesasbounty,conservation,research,

torskin.

r;Trapper;Dredger;Fishing-BoatCaptain;Deckhand.

G

tock,poultry,fish,andotheranimallife andcollectingeggs,milk,wool,

roductsbymethodswhichmayincludethosespecifictootherworkfields.

mer;Poultry-FarmWorker;Beekeeper;Artificial

alHerder.

sting,andotherwisecaringforplantlifebymethodswhichmayincludethose

s.


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




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EARTHBORING

as,water,andstonefromtheearth.Includesdrilling earthformationstoobtain

rrySupervisor;MineSupervisor;WellDriller;

or.

NG-FOUNDATIONBUILDING

gearthmaterials,suchasdirt,gravel,rock,andsand;grading surfaces;dredging

echannels;drillingholesinearthand throughrockformationsforpurposes

neralextractions;anddrivingpilings andshaftsintoearthforstructural

gawayobstaclespreparatorytoconstructionandlogging,andcontrollinggrowth

tc.,tofacilitatemaintenanceofutilitylinesandrights-of-way.

Operator;DredgeOperator;DredgingInspector;

rator;LeveeSuperintendent;Pile-DrivingSupervi-

r;BulldozerOperator.

uallyandbyuseofmachinesandequipment,suchascranes,hoists,conveyors,

s,winches,andhandtrucks.DistinguishfromTransporting(013),whichinvolves

rsandmaterialsbycommoncarrier.

Operator;Stevedore;Freight-ElevatorOperator;

Worker.

dmaterialsbytruck,bus,airplane,train,ship,automobile,andothervehicles.

Moving(011),whichinvolvesmovingmaterialsbyconveyancesotherthan

ot;Marine-VesselCaptain;LocomotiveEngi-

vinggases,liquids,andsolidsbysuction,pressure,andvacuumwithina piping

ing


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




40/276

ERING

heat,power,andconditionedair.

yEngineer;CompressorOperator;PowerhouseAt-

er.

misesbymethodssuchaswashingwithwater,steam,andcleaningagents;

g,raking,andscraping;usingsuction,compressedair,andultrasonic

her;EquipmentCleaner;Janitor;Housekeeper;

restoringshapeto,andgivingfinishtoarticles madeoffabric,fur,leather,

materialsbyapplicationoftensionor pressure(usuallyaccompaniedbyheat

gexcessmaterialsfromsurfacesofarticles.

Machine);HatBlocker;Tenter-FrameOperator;

r;Calender-MachineOperator.

antstoreducefrictionofmovingpartsand topreventsticking.

Greaser;AutomobileLubricator.


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APPING

erialsand productsintocontainers;envelopingandenclosingmaterialsand

ane,burlap,andothermaterials;puttingmaterialsandproductsintocontainers;

ainers.Includesunpacking,unwrapping,andrefilling.

Operator;Baling-MachineOperator;Wrapping-

gingSupervisor;Bagger.

rpening,orcuttingmaterialsbyuseofabrasives;andcuttinglettersand designs

sbythewearing-awayactionofabrasives.DistinguishfromCleaning(031),

usedto removeforeignsubstances.

sher;Honer;GlassBeveler;Tumbling-Machine

Sander.

agmentswithhatchetsandchiselsstruckwithhammersorsimilarlyactivated

compressedair.DistinguishfromMilling-Tuming-Planing(055),inwhich

sareusedbut withoutpercussion.

mmerOperator.

eadingholesinmaterial(otherthanearth) bymeansofrotarycuttingtools

l.DistinguishfrompiercingbyPressing-Forging(134),inwhichtoolsdo not


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




42/276

ANING

aringandsmoothingactionof rigidcuttingtools(usuallyfedinto rotating

ttingtools(usuallyfedinto stationarymaterials).DistinguishfromChipping

awayofflakesand fragmentsisaccomplishedbychisel-liketoolsactuated

rce.

achineOperator;MachineSetter;Wood-Carving-

Cutter;GearCutter;Screw-MachineOperator.

erialsbythereciprocalorrotary cuttingactionofabladewhichwearsout

serratedorbemadeof,or coatedwith,abrasives.Excludedfromthiswork

whichiscoveredbyLogging(004).DistinguishfromShearing-Shaving(054),

functionbutwithoutwearingakerf.

d-SawOperator;GangSawyer;Kerf-Machine

binationofthefollowingworkfields:Abrading(051),Boring(053), Chipping

ning(055),Sawing(056),andShearing-Shaving(054).

-DieMaker;ShopSupervisor;JobSetter.

partswithouttheuse ofbolts,screws,nails,rivets,solder,welding

workfieldincludessuchjobactivitiesas interlacingandjoiningparts,such

abricatedwoodor metalunits;fittingtogetherpartsofshoes;putting coils

toformstaters; assemblingpartsofmechanicalpencils;pressingbushingsinto

tingtogetherpinsandbuttons toformcampaignbadges.Distinguishfrom

volvesjoiningmaterialsbyfasteningwithstaples,eyelets,grommets,andsnaps.


/ h t t p : / / w w w . h




43/276

al(suchaspaper,cardboard,andfabrics)withfasteners,suchasstaples,

naps.Assignmentisnotmadewhenthejoiningof materialsinvolvesmethods

elds,suchasBolting-Screwing(071),Fitting-Folding(061),Gluing-Laminating

ng(073),Soldering-Brazing(083),andWelding(081).

or;Stapler;Eyelet-MachineOperator;Wreath

withstickysubstances,suchascement,glue,paste,gum,andotheradhesive

fpartsbyapplicationofheatand pressure.

perator;Combining-MachineOperator;Bonding-

Laminator;Hot-PressWorker;Heat-Sealing-Ma-

withthreadedboltsandscrewsfittedthroughadjoiningholes previouslybored

gthreadedscrewsthroughparts.In someinstances,holesmaybepartially

toaccommodatescrews,orboltsmaybesecuredin placebyinsertingthem

shfromRiveting(073),whichinvolvestheuse ofnonthreadedboltstofasten

sembler;Power-ToolOperator;Vehicle-LightAs-

;Wooden-HeelAttacher;SpringAssembler.

withdevices,suchasnails,tacks,spikes,brads,andstaples.Distinguishfrom

onthreadedfasteningdeviceissecuredbyhammeringandpressing tospread

stinguishfromFastening(062),wherelightmaterialsarejoined.


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asticpartsby heatingsurfacestoinducefusionwithorwithoutthe application

ure.Forge-welding,whichinvolvesapplyingsharpblows,iscoveredby

stinguishfromFlameCutting-ArcCutting-BeamCutting(082),inwhich

osever parts,andfromSoldering-Brazing(083),whichinvolvesjoiningparts

er;WeldingSupervisor;WeldingInspector;LeadBurner.

CCUTTING-BEAMCUTTING

ectingmaterialstointenseheat,usingequipment,suchasoxyacetylenetorches,

ment,andlaserbeams.DistinguishfromWelding(081),whichmayusethe

epurposeof joiningmaterials.Cuttingbyuseofhot-wireis includedin

eCutter;ScrapBurner;ScarfingOperator;Laser-BeamCutter.

depressionsinmetalwithmoltensolderor brazingalloy.Distinguishfrom

rtsarejoined byfusionunderheat.

gSweating

g

er;Solderer;FurnaceOperator;BrazingAssembler.

fbrick,stone,marble,andsimilarbuildingmaterials,usuallysetin bedsof

smoothingplaster,mortar,stucco,andsimilarmaterialstoformand cover

nguishfromLaying-Covering(092),inwhichmaterialsare fastenedtosurfaces

erings.

n;Plasterer;PlasteringSupervisor;ConcreteFinisher.

ucturalunits,suchasroofs,floors,pipes, ductwork,tanks,boilers,and

tioningequipment,orobjectswithmaterialsintheformofsheets,blocks,tile,

ginsulationbats).DistinguishfromMasoning(091),whichinvolves

veringstructuralunits;fromGluing-Laminating(063),whichinvolvesfastening

eratherthancover;andfrom Caulking(094),whichincludesfillingspaceswith

Layer;CarpetLayer;Roofer;InsulationWorker;PipeCoverer;Siding


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evices,cracks,joints,seams,depressions,andotherspaceswithamaterial

purposesas makingobjectorstructureairtight,waterproof,andweatherproof.

seinsulationmaterialsintoopen spaces,butnotthelayingofinsulation

sincludedin Laying-Covering(092).

mmeringRammingSmoothing

aping

Spreader;Caulker;HoleFiller;InsulationBlower;Plywood-PanelSeal-

aterials,suchasasphalt,concrete,tar,oil,andgravel.

ngTamping

g

g

g-MachineOperator;SpreaderOperator;Curbing-MachineOperator;

erOperator.

ing,orrenovatingupholsteredfurniture,mattresses,carseats,automobile,train,

elike byanycombinationofBolting-Screwing,Gluing,Nailing,Sewing,and

volvedwithonlyoneoftheseworkfieldsare listedthereunder.

mobileUpholsterer;FurnitureUpholsterer;UpholsteryRepairer;Uphol-

ATING-INSTALLING-REPAIRING

drepairingstructuresandobjectswhosecomponentsarestaticandmayrequire

binationofthefollowingworkfields:Abrading(051),Bolting-Screwing(071),

raying(153),Caulking(094),Chipping(052),Fastening(062),Fitting-Folding

Cutting-BeamCutting(082),Gluing-Laminating(063),Immersing-Coating

92),Masoning(091),Milling-Tuming-Planing(055),Molding(136),Nailing

ng-Forging(134),Riveting(073),Sawing(056),Sewing-Tailoring(171),

Soldering-Brazing(083),andWelding(081).

tructionInspector;Carpenter;BoatBuilderandRepairer;Boilermaker;

r;Cabinetmaker;Cooper;AircraftAssembler;

Pipefitter;Plumber;Propmaker.


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ICFABRICATING-INSTALLING-REPAIRING

drepairingobjectsthathaveelectricalandelectronicfunctioningelementsby

owingworkfields:Abrading(051),Bolting-Screwing(071),Boring(053),

ng(072),Riveting(073),Soldering-Brazing(083),Welding(081),and

fromStructuralFabricating-Installing-Repairing(102)andMechanical

airing(121).

rician;InstrumentMechanic;ApplianceAssembler;ElectronicsTester;

ler;Electrical-SystemsInstallerandRepairer;

EquipmentInstallerandRepairer.

ATING-INSTALLING-REPAIRING

drepairingobjectsthathavemovingpartsofmechanicallyfunctioningelements

followingworkfields:Abrading(051),Bolting-Screwing(071),Boring(053),

Chipping(052),Fastening(062),Fitting-Folding(061),FlameCutting-Arc

2),Gluing-Laminating(063),Immersing-Coating(151),Milling-Turning-

),Pressing-Forging(134),Riveting(073),Sawing(056),Sewing-Tailoring

054),Soldering-Brazing(083),andWelding(081).

inist;Tool-and-DieMaker;AutomobileMechanic;Air-Conditioning

ntenanceMechanic;WatchRepairer.

olidtoliquidstate (usuallybyheat)forsuchpurposesas compoundingwith

yseparation(throughaccompanyingchemicalchange),andmakingmaterials

asting.DistinguishfromSoldering-Brazing(083),andWelding(081),inwhich

tojoiningpartstogether.

apping

hrowing

g

ng

drySupervisor;Open-Hearth-FurnaceOperator;Blast-FurnaceSupervi-

ng,injecting,andpressingintoa moldandpermittingorcausingtosolidify.

(135),in whichshapingiseffectedbydiesandrollers;Molding (136),in

ntonworker;andPressing-Forging(134),whichinvolvesapplicationofforce

shshaping.

asting-MachineOperator;Coremaker;Bowling-BallMolder;Injection-


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tougheningmaterialsbyheatingandcoolingwithorwithoutaccompanying

alsmaybesubjectedtoheatalonetoaltermolecularstructureofmaterialsand

uchashardness,flexibility,andductility;ormaterialmaybetreated withheat

erialsandchemicalbathstoimparta hard"skin"tothematerial.Included

hmaterialsareheatedtotreatthemfor furtherprocessing(e.g.,bringingmetal

temperature).

nealer;GlassBender;RivetHeater.

g,andforge-weldingmaterialsbyaforcepushedagainstorthroughmaterials,

(as inhammering).DistinguishfromCasting(132),inwhichmoldsare used

g(135),whichutilizes diesandrollersin shaping;SurfaceFinishing(032),

bricoriented;andMolding(136),whichinvolvesthecumulativeadditionof

byworker)in accomplishingshapingofmaterial.

pervisor;Punch-PressOperator;Hammersmith.

gitthroughdies,drawingit throughdies,andreducingitbetweenrollers.

132),inwhichshapingis achievedbyuseofmolds;SurfaceFinishing(032),

olding(136),whichinvolvesacumulativebuildup(byworker)in shaping

orging(134),inwhichforceorsharpblowsare applied.

Operator;Cold-RollingSupervisor;ExtrusionSu-

lativeadditionofmaterial(byworker)tobuild uporiginalmassandpressing

esremovingexcessmaterialtoobtainfinishedproduct.Distinguishfrom


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izing,andotherwisesubjectingmaterialstoheat.DistinguishfromDistilling

ultsin therefinement,concentration,andcondensationofsubstances,gases,

Conditioning(133),inwhichtreatmentof materialswithheatinducesspecial

s,flexibility,andductility.

nRoaster;TobaccoCurer;Veneer-DrierSupervisor;

G

materialsintosmallerparticles,suchasgranules,grits,crumbs,chips,powder,

ofcompressing,cutting,andsmashing.

ed-Sugar-PulverizerOperator;Concrete-Patch-

nderOperator;Pulper.

quidandsolidmaterialsto produceasinglemassorcompound.

FertilizerMixer;TobaccoBlender;Clay-Prepara-

gsubstances(followingexpulsionofgasesand vapors)andrecapturingand

porsdrivenoffbyheatingliquids andsolidsinretorts,stills, andsimilar

tillOperator;Tomato-PasteMaker;SugarBoiler.


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ARING

andanimalconsumption,bymethodswhichmayincludethosespecificto

DistinguishfromButchering-MeatCutting(034),whichinvolvesslaughtering

y,andfish,anddressingandprocessingmeatsformarketing.

er;Chef;Cottage-CheeseMaker;Baker;Cook.

UNDING

rthanfoodandphotographstoattaindesiredresults byanycombinationof

aking-Drying(141),Distilling(144),HeatConditioning(133),Melting

ating(152),andSeparating(145).DistinguishfromCooking-FoodPreparing

processingandfromDeveloping-Printing(202),whichinvolvesreproducing

sby chemicalmeans.

mical-LaboratoryTechnician;Pharmacist;RefineryOperator.

ectswithaprotectiveanddecorativecoatingofliquid materialswhichdry

g,andotherwisesubmergingobjectsin thematerial.Distinguishfrom

whichdoesnotinvolvetheimmersingmethodofcoating;fromElectroplating

sa stepintheelectrolytictreatmentofobjects;andfromSaturating(152),

ingmaterialsratherthancoveringandcoatingobjects.

ng

g

ng-MachineOperator;Dipper;Impregnating-TankOperator;Roofing-

CoatingSupervisor.

thothersubstances(generallyinsolution)bydyeing,starching,shrinking,

toimpartparticularqualities.DistinguishfromBrushing-Spraying(153),which

mmersion;Electroplating(154),whichinvolveselectrolytictreatmentof

oating(151),whichinvolvescoveringandcoatingmaterials.


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bjectswithprotectiveanddecorativecoating,suchaswaxes,paints,lacquers,

tdryandset.Equipmentand toolsusedgenerallyincludebrushes,rollers,and

mImmersing-Coating(151),whichinvolvessubmergingobjectsinsolutions,

Drawing(262),whichinvolvesproducingdesignsorlettering.

ryCoater;ElectrostaticPainter;HousePainter;SprayPainter;Water-

ectswithacoatingof materialbyelectrolysis.DistinguishfromImmersing-

atingisnot accomplishedbyelectricalaction,althoughimmersingtheobjects

ng

Rolling

rogalvanizing-MachineOperator;ProductionPlater;Optical-Glass

hineOperator.

ndstraighteningmaterialbyforcingitthroughprongsofa combandraising

terials.Includessuchmechanicalactionasdirectingjets ofairagainstyarn

ctureandincreaseits bulk.

ng

ngSupervisor;ComberTender;CardTender;NapperTender;Manne-

ndtwistingmaterialintostrand-likeform.DistinguishfromDie-Sizing(135),

metalandplastic)maybe extrudedanddrawnintostrand-likeform,but

ing-FrameTender;Winding-and-Twisting-DepartmentSupervisor;

Spinner.

bjecttoforma spoolorballof thematerialortocoverthe object.

Threading

ying

Winder;Cloth-WindingSupervisor;Wire-Winding-MachineTender;

nderandOiler.


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s,wires,andotherstrand-likematerialswithother yarns,wires,andother

mtextiles,wire,andsimilarproducts.DistinguishfromKnitting(165), in

oped,andTufting(166),in whichinterlacingisnotpresent.

ervisor;CarpetWeaver;WeavingSupervisor.

erialina seriesofconnectedloopstoformtextiles,wire,andsimilar products.

(164),inwhichmultiplestrandsareinterlaced,andTufting (166),inwhich

or;Seamless-HosieryKnitter;KnittingSupervisor;

yarnthroughmaterial,byhandandmachine,withoutinterlacingor

uishfromWeaving(164),whichinvolvesinterlacingofstrands;fromKnitting

ooped;and fromSewing-Tailoring(171),whichinvolvesfasteningmaterials

dthread.

ghHooking

rameMounter;Tuft-MachineOperator;RugHook-

eningmaterialswithneedleandthreadbyhand andmachine.Includes

sonicmachines.

Sewing-MachineOperator;Quilting-MachineOper-

trasonic-Seaming-MachineOperator;Sewing-Ma-

ofmaterialsbythecorrosiveactionof chemicalsonexposedpartsofmaterial.

r;GlassEtcher.


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aterialbyincising.

graver;Pantographer.

taanddesignsbytransferofink anddyetosurfaceofmaterialsby useof

ens,andstencils.Includestypesetting,compositing,andreproducingprinted

izedtypesettingandrelatedprintingequipment.

ator;TypesettingSupervisor;Silk-ScreenPrinter;

perator;Letter-PressOperator;Offset-PressOpera-

thesurfacesofproductstoreproducerecordsofdata bymechanicalmeans.

Forging(134),whichinvolveschangeofshapeandformofproductsrather

es.

osser;Name-PlateStamper;LeatherStamper.

s)ofthings,people,places,anddatabychemicalchangesonasensitized

electronicmeansinducedbylightandsimilarwaves.

pher;Radiographer;Photocopying-MachineOpera-

onSpecialist;Lithographic-PlateMaker.

G

taanddesignsbychemicalmeans.


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thequalityandvalueofdata andthingsbasedonknowledgeandjudgment

nceandtrainingandbyconductingperformancetests.Includesinterpretationof

evariationsinmachinerysetups,formulamodifications,andproduct

etechniquesofAppraisingrequireatechnicalbackgroundinanotherworkfield,

DistinguishfromInspecting-Measuring-Testing(212),whichprimarily

predeterminedstandards.

Control-TestingSupervisor;Medical-Laboratory

praiser;FireInspector.

RNG-TESTING

productstoverifyconformancetopredeterminedstandardsandcharacteristics,

position,andcolor.DistinguishfromAppraising(211),whichinvolves

basedprimarilyonjudgmentand knowledgeratherthanoncomparisonwith

s.

eigher;SpringTester;BowlingBallWeigherand

er;QualityControlInspector.

g,requisitioning,andaccountingforstoresofmaterialsandmaterialsinuse;

lingofthematerials.Representativejobactivitiescoveredbythisworkfield

sandkeepingmaterialsonhandinbalancewithoperationalneeds;assigning

msaccordingtosize,quantity,andtype;verifyingquantity,identification,

msandthephysicalhandlingof items,suchasbinning,picking,stacking,and


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RECORDKEEPING

g,anddistributingrecordsandcommunications,primarilyverbalincharacter

ces,tocommunicateandsystematizeinformationanddat

revised handbook analysing jobs

Documents