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Revisit Roman Arbeia Gallery Search: teacher’s notes Revisit Roman Arbeia is split into four parts, all of which can be downloaded from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums’ website: Tick:

Gallery Search Fort site information Reconstruction Search A Story of Three Emperors

How to use ‘Gallery Search’… Use these worksheets in Arbeia’s museum building. The museum is split into two galleries; ‘Set in Stone’ and ‘Amazing Finds’ (also contains the shop). Your group will need to use both galleries to complete these worksheets. The worksheets have been split into three sections; each has a different level of difficulty. The answers to the questions can be found on page two.

Learning objectives

• How was Arbeia linked to the rest of the Roman Empire?

• Who lived at Arbeia?

• How can we learn about the Romans?

• How did the Romans worship their gods?

Cautionary note Please be aware that human remains are on display in the museum building; these include the remains of children and murder victims.

Suggested classroom activities

• Create a Roman Empire map and display it in your classroom.

• Download ‘A Story of Three Emperors’. Learn about Emperor Septimius Severus and his family, who may have visited Arbeia.

• Borrow a box of replica and authentic Roman objects from Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums. The Boxes of Delight are free of charge. More information can be found at www.exploreyourmuseums.org.uk.

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Answers to the Gallery Search The Roman Empire (page 3)

1. Wine from France 2. Pottery from France 3. Olive oil from Spain 4. Pottery from Germany 5. Brooches from Dacia 6. Wine from Italy

Who lived at Arbeia? (page 4-7)

7. Built the fort (legionary soldier) 8. Garrisoned the fort (auxiliary soldier) 9. Ring-mail shirt (a type of armour)

10. Cup (B) 11. Hobnail (studded like football boots) 12. Hair pins 13. Dog 14. My name is Victor. I was a slave at Arbeia, but I was originally

from North Africa. My master was called Numeranius. I was 20 years old when I died.

15. My name is Regina. I was a slave at Arbeia, but I am a Celt from

the Catuvellauni tribe. My master, Barates, set me free then married me. I was 30 years old when I died.

Roman Religion (page 8-10)

16. Mars (C)

XX = 20 (Victor’s age) XXX = 30 (Regina’s age)

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Revisit Roman Arbeia: Gallery Search

The Roman Empire Arbeia is at the mouth of the River Tyne, and next to the North Sea. In Roman times, you would have been able to see Segedunum Roman Fort (the start of Hadrian’s Wall) to the west, and very far out to sea to the east. The soldiers at Arbeia would have been watching out for people wanting to attack! Lots of different things were brought to Arbeia by sea and by land from all around the Roman Empire. Find the empire map in the ‘Set in Stone’ gallery and discover what six things came from these places:

Arbeia was at the far north of the Roman Empire. The Empire stretched from Africa right up to Britain; the Romans were very powerful people!

4. P_________ from Germany

1. W_______ from France

2. P_______ from France

3. O______ o______ from Spain

6. W________ from Italy

5. B___________ from Dacia

Arbeia is here!

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Who lived at Arbeia? Arbeia was a fort where Roman soldiers lived. The Romans had two types of soldiers; auxiliary and legionary. Look at the pictures on the spinning cubes in the ‘Amazing Finds’ gallery. Can you find out what each soldier did?

Legionary soldier 7. What did he do at Arbeia? B __________ the fort

Auxiliary soldier 8. What did he do at Arbeia? G ______________ the fort Archaeologists have found lots of objects that help us to learn about the Romans.

Try to be an archaeologist and find out more about the Romans by looking at objects in the museum…

An archaeologist is a person who digs into the ground to find objects from the past. These objects teach us about people who lived long ago.

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This would have been very important to an auxiliary soldier living at Arbeia. It has gone rusty because it is very old. 9. What is this object? _________________________________

Archaeologists find objects made from lots of different materials. This object is made from clay that has been baked in a kiln to turn it into solid pottery. 10. What is this object? Circle your answer.

A. vase B. cup C. bucket

If you look very closely at this piece of roof tile, you can see that a soldier stood on it before it was baked in a kiln. 11. What type of boots was he wearing? H ____ b ____ a ____ l

Only men were allowed to be soldiers in the Roman army, but it wasn’t just soldiers that lived at Arbeia 2000 years ago! A village, called a vicus, was built outside the fort and lots of different people lived here.

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Paw prints!

Try to find these objects in the ‘Amazing Finds’ gallery and explore who else lived at Arbeia.

These glass objects tell us that women lived at Arbeia. 12. What are these objects? H _________ pins

Animals lived at Arbeia too! Can you find this tile? An animal walked on it before it was baked in the kiln. 13. What type of animal do the paw prints belong to? _____________________ The Romans had lots of slaves.

Can you find these two stone objects in the ‘Set in Stone’ gallery? They are the tombstones of two freed Roman slaves that lived at Arbeia 2000 years ago.

A slave is a person who is owned by someone else. Slaves had to do everything that their owner told them to do. Life as a slave could be very tough.

A tombstone marks where someone has been buried.

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Look at the tombstones and their labels, and then try to complete the information about the two slaves:

14. My name is Victor. I was a slave at Arbeia, but I was originally from North A___________. My master was called N ____ m ____ r ____ n ____ u ____. I was ___ ___ years old when I died.

15. My name is Regina I was a slave at Arbeia, but I am a Celt from the C ____ t ____ v ____ l ____ a ____ n ____ i tribe. My master, B_____________, set me free then married me. I was ___ ___ years old when I died.

Try to find their ages on the tombstones… They are written in Roman numerals:

I = 1 V = 5 X = 10 XX = 20 C = 100 II = 2 VI = 6 XV = 15 XXX = 30 D = 500 IV = 4 IX = 9 XIX = 19 L = 50 M= 1000

We know how old Victor and Regina were when they died because of the writing, or the inscription, on their tombstones.

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Roman Religion Jupiter: King of the gods Juno: Queen of the gods

Neptune: god of the sea Mars: god of war

Minerva: goddess of wisdom Venus: goddess of love

Diana: goddess of hunting Apollo: god of the sun

The Romans had lots of different gods and goddesses. You may have heard of some of them.

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Pick your favourite Roman god or goddess then write their name and your name on this altar:

The Romans used altars to worship their gods. The writing on the front tells us which god it was for, and who made it.

This altar was made for the god of medicine. A man called Secundus made it for the god. Can you find it in the ‘Set in Stone’ gallery?

To the god / goddess:

_______________ From:

_______________

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16. Try to find the statue in the ‘Set in Stone’ gallery; you will need to look up! Which god does this statue show? A. Jupiter B. Apollo C. Mars

This is a statue of a god. It may look plain and boring now, but it was once painted red and white. The paint has disappeared over time.