revista fee - numero 06 - julio 2013

7212019 Revista FEE - Numero 06 - Julio 2013

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Wr`s b` pumbfj`jfuacutea ge Eb Bfmrk ge bks Espicircrftus ea `mrfb ge085lt er` aejes`rfk `blk nagraves que ua haeligrke p`r` bklr`r queeb bfmrk bbel`se ` b`s j`tuacutebfj`s tferr`s espèthkb`s Ua t`b J`pftagraveaB`lfer g`m` tkgk eb perffb y` que ùa`m` v`bkr y espicircrftu re-vkbujfka`rfk `genagraves ge ua` fajàs`mbe j`p`jfg`g ge bujh`rjkatr` tkg` facustfjf` Ea ua nkneatk jrujf`b ge su vfg` m`tf-gk pkr eb jrfnea jknetfgk jkatr` su hfck gesesper`gk pkr b`sfacustfjf`s ge bks ‒pkgerksks ge aelrkbdquo se eajueatr` Eb Bfmrkge bks Espicircrftus ea N`rsebb` V jka aeligb eb restk ge espèthkbes q uebk beericircà lr`jf`s ` sus pkrtes jbàgestfaks ge ecenpb`res geest` kmr` y ` sus `rticircjubks ea b` preas` espèthkb` Yksterfkr-neate sericirc` uak ge bks `rticircffjes ge b` revkbujfuacutea ge 0848

Yerk esk ak m`st`m` b` espfrftu`bfg`g teaicirc` `spfr`jfkaesnagraves `bt`s jka eb pìcircs ge Jervàtes y due aejes`rfk prkvkj`rua `jkatejfnfeatk que bbev`se ` b` skjfeg`g espèthkb` ` teaerverg`gerk fateraeligs pkr jkasubt`r `queb bfmrk A`g` neckr queb` jkagea` ge b` Flbesf` Ua` àtkrjh` y ua utk ge De jkas-

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Cksaelig Lkazagravebez y Nàueb Lkazagravebez

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Gagraveagkks b`s lr`jf`s pkr gebàt`gk ks rkl`nks s`bugaeligfs ea auestrk aknmre auestrks hernàks ge b` Zkjfeg`g ge Y`ricircs

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ticircnfgks que se nàtfeaea tkg`vicirc` prugeateneate `p`rt`gksAuestrks hernàks ge Espèth` `mrea b` n`rjh` jfethea sus

bknks y se prestà b` bujh` rejfmà ebbks auestr`s debfjft`jfkaes yb`s ge sus hernàks ea jreeajf` ge tkgks bks pìcircses y` que eatrebks espicircrft`s ak h`y gfstfajfuacutea ge a`jfka`bfg`ges Zus aknmres seragraveafasjrftks jka hkakr b b`gk ge bks v`bfeates pfkaerks bks ju`bes b`pksterfg`g gemeragrave trfmutk ge rejkakjfnfeatk pkr h`mer p`l`gkbks prfnerks jka su perska` y jkatrfmufgk erflfr eb egfffjfk

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ge kffjf`bes h`micirc` dkrn`gk uak ge bks lrupks nagraves serfks y neckrkrlàfz`gks que h`y`nks vfstk afn`gks ge ua jebk esjb`rejfgky ge ua` gevkjfuacutea ` tkg` pruem` su net` er` àtes que a`g`fastrufrse ` dkagk jka bks prfajfpfks ge b` gkjtrfa` y gespuaeligsecerjft`rse ea b` p`b`mr` fnpkafaeligagkse b` kmbfl`jfuacutea ge tr`t`r uak

tr`s ktrk ua ten` jka eb ffa ge d`nfbf`rfz`rse jka b` jkatrkversf`Duer` ge su jicircrjubk pregfj`mà jka b` p`b`mr` y eb ecenpbk perkjka prugeajf` y nkger`jfuacutea ak musjàgk h`jer prkp`làg` `ju`bqufer prejfk b` h`jicircà nagraves drujticircder` H`mfeagk j`nmf`gk geumfj`jfuacutea eb relfnfeatk due rep`rtfgk eatre v`rf`s jfug`ges eblrupk due `sicirc gfspers`gk n`terf`bneate perk sfenpre uafgks pkr

b` fateajfuacutea prksfluea su kmr` ea bul`res gfdereates

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4 lt]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull BKZ UWKZ GE DE BKZ UWKZ GE DE bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

B` quen` ge bfmrks tfeae sus fafjfks j`sf gesge ebnfsnk nkneatk ea eb que jknfeazà aeligstks ` esjrfmfrsey gfduagfrse ùaque espejf`bneate gesge eb fastàte ea ebque b` pkmb`jfuacutea que estagrave duer` ge b`s esder`s prfvfbelf`g`s

y pkgerks`s `jjege ` b` bejtur` Est` puert` ge `jjesk tfeaenujhk que ver jka b` exteasfuacutea ge b` bealu` vubl`r y jkab` jkaskbfg`jfuacutea ge b` bejtur` sfbeajfks` que surle ge dkrnà`tur`b jknk sf sfenpre humfese est`gk `hicirc esperàgk ` sergesjumfert` y jkavfrtfaeligagkse p`r` nujhks ea ua` verg`geràejesfg`g

B` bejtur` sfbeajfks` es ua `jtk nagravelfjk que pernfteua` nfsterfks` jkaexfuacutea jka eb bfmrk Juàgk bks bejtkresnegfev`bes jknfeazà ` beer ge est` nàer` eajueatrà eab` bejtur` b` bb`ve nèstr` ge su bfmert`g Beyeagk ea sfbeajfkse puege faterpret`r bfmreneate eb textk v`bkr`rbk seloacuteauaks jrfterfks y cufjfks prkpfks V aeligste sfa gug` due ua hejhknuy fajuacutenkgk p`r` qufeaes preteagicircà fnpkaer sus fge`s yjreeajf`s Ge este nkgk eb jkakjfgk gfjhk laquoquaelig `trevfg` esb` flakràjfìquest v` tknàgk dkrn` Zf ejh`nks b` vfst` `tragraves `bk b`rlk ge b` hfstkrf` venks nagraves vejes ge bk que gemericirc`nksquen`s ge bfmrks re`bfz`g`s jka fateajfkaes gfvers`s Eageffaftfv` b` bejtur` tfeae ese pkger ge `mrfr puert`s quepernfte que `blk se nuev` geatrk geb bejtkr B`s p`b`mr`sesjrft`s jèa geatrk ge uak nfsnk jknk senfbb`s puatk gelernfa`r Zuacutebk aks queg` esper`r que b` flakràjf` ge uakspkjks ak fnpfg` krejer b`s faqufetuges ge nujhks

B`s prfner`s quen`s ge bfmrks ùtaeligatfj`s ea Espèthènpez`rka ` bbel`r h`jf` eb ffa`b ge b` rejkaqufst` yespejf`bneate tr`s b` jìcircg` geb refak ge Lr à`g` V` ea 0789Wknagraves ge Wkrquen`g` eb lrà faqufsfgkr espèthkb prknkvfuacuteb` quen` ge bfmrks ak j`tuacutebfjks espejf`bneate eb W bnug cugicircky tkgk tfpk ge bfter`tur` agraver`me Ea 0769 ua lrà aoacutenerkge mfmbf`s cugicirc`s y ktrks bfmrks cugicircks duerka quen`gkspoacutembfj`neate ` fastàjf` ge b` Faqufsfjfuacutea

Gesge eb sflbk FFF ates ge auestr` er` h`st` b` jtu`bfg`gb` quen` ge bfmrks h` sfgk utfbfz`g` repetfg`neate jknkua` herr`nfeat` pkr p`rte ge b`s ùtkrfg`ges tàtk pkbicirctfj`sjknk rebflfks`s p`r` suprfnfr kpfafkaes gfsjrepàtes que skavfst`s jknk ua` `nea`z`

B`s quen`s ge bfmrks suebea re`bfz`rse ea poacutembfjk sfaenm`rlk es jknoacutea que estk prkvkque cust`neate ua edejtkjkatr`rfk `b que se musj` y se gaelig ua` lrà pumbfjfg`g ` bksbfmrks que se quericirc` h`jer ges`p`rejer Es pkr este nktfvk

que nujh`s quen`s ge bfmrks t`nmfaeliga se hà hejhk eaprfv`gk Juàgk bks bfmrks ska retfr`gks y `bn`jea`gks eaprfv`gk pkr b`s utkrfg`ges puege ak ser ua` quen` ge bfmrksbfter`b perk b` gestrujjfuacutea geb bel`gk jubtur`b e fatebejtu`b esb` nfsn`

tr`vaeligs ge b` hfstkrf` aks henks eajkatr`gk eaEspèth` jka j`sks sfnfb`res ` b` quen` ge bks bfmrks ge bbàO`rgej ea M`rjebka` ea 0840 Ea ktr`s aeligpkj`s y ea gfstfatksbul`res geb pìcircs se hà gestrufgk nujhks bfmrks pkr b`s Cuat`sGfkjesà`s ge Jeasur` ` bks ju`bes se bes j`t`bkl`m` jknkbfmrks ge n`b` gkjtrfa`

B`s jfug`ges ge N`grfg y Jagravegfz jkastftuicircà eb prfajfp`bjeatrk ge gfdusfuacutea ge bfmrks jkasfger`gks fnpicircks y pebflrksksV` ea 0857 exfstea redereajf`s gkjuneat`bes que `v`bà ualeaufak fateraeligs pkr eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` Bks prfnerksg`tks rejklfgks ska `jerj` ge ua` skjfeg`g espfrftu`bfst`duag`g` ea 0855 ea Jagravegfz `trìcircgks pkr b`s nàfdest`jfkaesnegfoacutenafj`s que se exteagferka pkr naeligrfj` y Eurkp` `p`rtfr ge bks deauacuteneaks skmrea`tur`bes ge Hygesvfbbe eaAuev` Vkro Est` Zkjfeg`g espfrftu`bfst` due gfsuebt` pkr b`ùtkrfg`g ejbesfagravestfj` gks èthks nagraves t`rge sudrfeagk ua ùtkge de rìcircz g e b` pumbfj`jfuacutea ge ua bfmrk tftub`gk Buz y Terg`ggeb Espfrftu`bfsnk kpoacutesjubk skmre b` expksfjfuacutea verg`ger`geb deauacuteneak jùs`s que bk prkgujea preseajf` ge bksespicircrftus y su nfsfuacutea Ge b`s egfjfkaes pumbfj`g`s ua` ge ebb`sdue fajùt`g` b p`s`r b` drkater` gesge Lfmr`bt`r h`jf` Espèth`y su gestfak due eb y` jft`gk ùtk ge de ge Jagravegfz ge 085lt

Y`s`nks `b èthk 0840 b`s fge`s espfrftfst`s se extfeageapkr tkgk eb nuagk Bks kmfspks presfkaà bks pkbicirctfjks p`r`fnpegfr b` bfmer t`g ge jubtk y jkasfluea ua` krgea nfafsterf`bque prkhicircme bks bfmrks espfrftfst`s ` bks que jkasfgerà jknknuy gèthfaks p`r` b` nkr`b geb puembk resubtàgk ua ùtk gede eb 6 ge kjtumre ge 0840 ea M`rjebka` sfeagk quen`g`spkr b` àtkrjh` ` d`vkr ge b` flakràjf` nagraves ge 99 kmr`sespfrftfst`s fajùt`g`s ea b` `guà` pes`r ge bks ùtks gede eb Espfrftfsnk se prkp`luacute pkr lrà p`rte ge Espèth` perkestk ak fnpfgfuacute ktrk ùtk ge de ea 084lt ea N`gr fg est` vezjka b` kmr` b` Akjfuacutea geb espfrftfsnk quen`g` pkr krgeageb kmfspk ge b` j`pft`b

Lrupk espicircrft` ‒B` Buz geb J`nfakbdquo

Jka b` ]evkbujfuacutea ge 0848 jkakjfg` t`nmfaeliga jknk ‒B`Lbkrfks`bdquo k ‒B` Zeptenmrfa`bdquo y b` fastùr`jfuacutea geb bb`n`gkZexeafk Genkjragravetfjk eb Espfrftfsnk se `j`muacute gespbelàgkpkr tkgk eb terrftkrfk a`jfka`b Jka b` prknubl`jfuacutea geua` auev` jkastftujfuacutea ea 0846 se rejkakje b` bfmert`gge fnpreat` ge jubtk y ge easeethàz` ge `skjf`jfuacutea y bfmreexpresfuacutea Wkgk estk d`vkreje b` bfmre jfrjub`jfuacutea ge b`sfge`s espfrftfst`s que se sfrvea ge lrà aoacutenerk ge revfst`s ypumbfj`jfkaes p`r` g`r ` jkakjer sus tr`m`cks

B` fbusfuacutea espfrftfst` se ve truaj`g` jka b` gerrkt` ge b`]epoacutembfj` pkr b`s trkp`s dràqufst`s eb s`quek ge bks jeatrksespfrftfst`s es tkt`b y sus pragravejtfj`s prkhfmfg`s y perselufg`sEb Espfrftfsnk se ve kmbfl`gk ` redulf`rse ea eb faterfkr gebks hkl`res gkage fateat`ragrave skmrevfvfr ` b` b`rl` akjhe ge b`gfjt`gur`

Uak ge bks prfnerks `jtks krlàfz`gks pkr eb raeliglfneadràqufst` ua` vez `j`m`g` b` luerr` jfvfb due ua` quen`poacutembfj` ge bfmrks Ea b` Uafversfg`g Jeatr`b ge N`grfg eb 9ge `mrfb ge 066 se jebemruacute ua `jtk geaknfa`gk ‒ùtk gedebdquo p`r` jkagea`r `b duelk ` bks ‒eaenflks ge Espèth`bdquo y `bbicirc`rgferka bfmrks ge gfdereates ùtkres jknk3 Z`mfak rà`B`n`rtfae Dreug N`rx ]kusseù Tkbt fre y nujhks ktrks B`preas` d`bàlfst` pumbfjuacute que jka b` quen` se jkatrfmuicirc` ` b`jkastrujjfuacutea ge b` Espèth` Ua` Lràge y Bfmre Ze jkagea`m`` bks bfmrks bfmer`bes sep`r`tfst`s n`rxfst`s bks ge b` beyeagàelr` ` bks àtfj`tuacutebfjks ` bks geb eadernfzk rknàtfjfsnk` bks que prkp`l`mà eb pesfnfsnk ` bks nkgerafst`s `bks pseugkjfeaticircffjks y tkgks bks que eb dràqufsnk pkgicirc`jkasfger`r sus eaenflks Bb`n` b` `teajfuacutea juacutenk eb pkgerfaqufsftkrf`b se erflicirc` ea cuez jeaskr ak suacutebk ge bks bfmrkspkbicirctfjks k jka fge`s que supuest`neate fateat`ricircà gèth`r` Espèth` sfak t`nmfaeliga ge b` j`bfg`g y v`bkres bfter`rfks gegfjh`s kmr`s

Bks utks ge de jknk ex pkaeate geb dà`tfsnk rebflfkskduerka b` quen` ge bfmrks jreyeagk estks dàagravetfjks que jkaeste jtk pkgricircà h`jer ges`p`rejer `b Espfrftfsnk Lrà errkry gesjkakjfnfeatk puestk que ak er` afaloacutea ser hunàk ebùtkr ge b` kmr` pues ùaque humferà quen`gk tkgks bksbfmrks egft`gks ea eb nuagk sfeagk fnpksfmbe t`b `jtk suacutebkhumferà puestk ua sfnpbe lufc`rrk ea b` rueg` geb prklreskZf jreicirc`nks que b`s neates est`mà nagraves `mfert`s p`r` b`jknpreasfuacutea ge b` espfrftu`bfg`g geb ser hunàk sfeagk aeligst`su ùtaeligatfj` eseajf` ak es `sicirc òacutea h`y nujh` fatràsfleajf`y gesjkaffàz` B`s fge`s rebflfks`s prejkajemfg`s pkaea

tr`m`s e fnpeg fneatks p`r` b` g fvubl`jfuacutea ge `quebb`s fg e`sque se jreea jkatr`rf`s ` b`s prkpf`s Estks ska bks auevksùtks ge de eajumfertks V jknk gfck bbà O`rgej tr`s b`quen` ge sus kmr`s ea M`rjebka` laquopuegea quen`r bks bfmrksperk ak b`s fge`siquest

Ktrks ùtks ge de hà gestrufgk rfquez`s bfter`rf`s quehky gicirc` dkrn`ricircà p`rte geb p`trfnkafk jubtur`b ge b` a`jfuacuteaespèthkb` Weaenks eb ece npbk geb krfkbàk Nflueb Heraagraveagezjkasfger`gk uak ge bks lràges pket`s espèthkbes geb sflbkp`s`gk Y`sfuacutea y tr`gfjfuacutea se uaicircà ea sus pken` s nujhks gebks ju`bes duerka nusfj`bfz`gks gaeligj`g`s gespuaeligs pkr bmertkJkrtez Y`jk Fmagraveethez y Ckà Nàueb Zerr`t Zu oacutebtfnk bfmrkEb hknmre `jejh` due gestrufgk pkr b` jeasur` dràqufst`bluaks ecenpb`res se s`bv`rka y duerka reegft`gks

pksterfkrneatePuerfgk bejtkr3

j`m`g` b` gfjt`gur` dràqufst` y jka b` bbel`g` ge b`genkjr`jf` tkgks bks `nàtes geb prklresk ` pbùgfnks jkaesperàz` bks `jkatejfnfeatks que tfeaea bul`r ea b` auevÈspèth` V bks espfrftfst`s ak hà sfgk bks oacuteafjks ea s`bug`rjka coacutemfbk b` er` auev` que se faùlur`m` p`r` este pìcircspkrque ua` ge b`s jkaqufst`s nagraves fnpkrtàtes que ea ebb`hà ge skmres`bfr es b` `mkbfjfuacutea geb yulk faqufsftkrf`b quepes`m` skmre b`s jkajfeajf`s y `hkl`m` eb peas`nfeatkEsperenks pues que b` hunàft`rf` y releaer`gkr` gkjtrfa`geb Espfrftfsnk ak eajueatre faskpkrt`mbes tr`m`s kffjf`besy que sus `geptks ak seà perselufgks pkr gegfj`rse `su prkp`l`jfuacutea Wrkpez`ragravea sfa gug` `blua` tkg`vicirc` jka ebkmstagravejubk ge b` fajregubfg`g perk est` kpksfjfuacutea es pkjk

tenfmbe pkrque gicirc` ` gicirc` se v` ge mfbftàgk y eb n`terf`bfsnkak tfeae rìcircjes ea b` kpfafuacutea poacutembfj` Est`nks jkaveajfgksge que h`y ea Espèth` aunerksks ebeneatks d`vkr`mbes ` b`sfge`s espfrftfst`s Ak gug`nks ge que ua` vez ea pksesfuacuteageb gerejhk ge bfmre ex`nea este pìcircs seragrave ` cuzl`r pkr b`sprevfsfkaes ge bks espicircrftus ua pìcircs bfmre ge fge` y peas`nfeatkea eb que krejeragrave b` gkjtrfa` espicircrft` Auestrks luicirc`saks hà gfjhk sfenpre que bks lr`ves `jkatejfnfeatksque gemea teaer bul`r ea eb nuagk y que y` venks bks

prebugfks ska d`vkr`mbes p`r` su gfdusfuacutea

Dkrn` p`rte ge b` skjf`jfuacutea Espicircrft` B` Buz geb J`nfak geKrfhueb` ea bfjàte duag`g` ea 0667

BKZ UWKZ GE DE

B` fbusfuacutea espfrftfst` se ve truaj`g`jka b` gerrkt` ge b` ]epoacutembfj` pkr b`s trkp`s dràqufst`s eb s`quek ge bks jeatrks espfrftfst`s es tkt`b y sus pragravejtfj`s prkhfmfg`s y perselufg`s EbEspfrftfsnk se ve kmbfl`gk redulf`rseea eb faterfkr ge bks hkl`res gkagefateat ragrave skmrevfvfr b` b`rl` akjhe geb` gfjt`gur`

uegea quen`r bks bfmrks

perk ak b`s fge`siquest



8 6]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull ]NUacuteA BLFE] V YKN]EZ (08=0-086lt) YFKAE]K GEB EZYF]FWFZNK EA EZYETH ]NUacuteA BLFE] V YKN]EZ (08=0-086lt) YFKAE]K GEB EZYF]FWFZNK EA EZYETH bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

Krgea be h`micircà jerr`gk tkg`s b `s puert`s

Jfertk gicirc` j`nfa`m` j`mfzm`ck pkr b`s j`bbes ge N`rsebb`musjàgk ua` nàk `nfl` ua` `yug` ua jkasuebk gesea-lèth`gk ge b` custfjf` hunà` ge b` skjfeg`g juàgk vfk ùa` nucer que jkbl`m` ua j`rteb ea b` puert` ge su est`mbe-jfnfeatk que rez`m` `sicirc3 laquoZe `j`m` ge rejfmfr Eb Bfmrk ge bksEspicircrftusiquest Eatruacute y jknpruacute ua ecenpb`r Bk gevkruacute ea ua`

t`rge tà àsfksk se h`bb`m` ge muea`s auev`s Zu bejtur dueua magravebs`nk p`r` su jkr`zuacutea n`bherfgk y ua reb`càte p`r` su`j`bkr`g` neate b` esperàz`gkr` gkjtrfa` ge bks Espicircrftusbe jùtfvuacute jkaveajfuacute bbeauacute su leaerksk jkr`zuacutea y s`tfsffzksu r`zuacutea Eb Espfrftfsnk bk h`micirc` s`bv`gk y h`micirc` là`gk ua`p`sfka`gk gedeaskr y gfvubl`gkr ea su perska` W`b es `sicircque Cksaelig Nordf Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg` eb que sericirc` eb prfner tr`-gujtkr `b j`stebbàk y prfner egftkr ea Espèth` ge Eb Bfmrk gebks Espicircrftus eb bb`n`gk O`rgej espèthkb p kr sus `pkrt`jfkaesfatebejtu`bes e favestfl`jfkaes skmre eb espicircrftu jkakjfuacute ebEspfrftfsnk ge b` nàk ge auestrk j`pftagravea qufea be rel`buacute uaecenpb`r ge b` kmr` ge bbà O`rgej

Genuacutejr`t` y repumbfjàk jkaveajfgk gedeaskr ge bksgerejhks geb puembk `nàte geb prklresk ge b` bfmert`g yselufgkr geb sumbev`gk leaer`b Yrfn exfbf`gk gesge su prk-auajf`nfeatk ea eb 0844 p`rtfjfpuacute y tr`m`cuacute `jtfv`neate eab` jkasejujfuacutea ge b` revkbujfuacutea ge 0848 ]ej`muacute `pkyks ` b`jùs` eatre bks nfbft`res ge tkgks bks puertks ea que rej`b`-m` bks favft`m` ` vf`c`r lr`tuft`neate ` mkrgk ge su v`pkr laquoEbNka`rjìquest e fm` gecàgk b`s senfbb`s ge b` revkbujfuacutea Uafuacuteb`s duerz`s geb leaer`b Zerràk ` b`s geb leaer`b Yrfn jka ua``stut` tret` que hfzk que se eateagferà Wr`ck pkr ffa ea ebv`pkr laquoMuea`veaturìquest `b leaer`b Zerràk y genagraves gepkrt`-gks ea Jà`rf`s ` Jagravegfz gkage se uaferka ` b`s duerz`s gebleaer`b Yrfn que vkbvicirc` `b nfsnk tfenpk ge su gestferrk eaBkagres pkr sulereajf` suy` B` revkbujfuacutea h`micirc` trfuad`gklr`jf`s ` aeligb

Gemfgk ` su b`mkr revkbujfka`rf` y` ak eajkatruacute a`-vfer` que be gfese ua m`rjk sus prkpfet`rfks erà tkgks gejkrte jkaserv`gkr jkatr`rfks ` b` revkbujfuacutea y gknfa`gkspkr cesuft`s

Ze retfruacute pues `b j`npk ge Ebjhe p`rtfg` ge T`bverge`b pequeethk jkrtfck bel`gk pkr sus p`gres Jknpruacute `perksge b`mràz` y tr`m`cuacute b` tferr` jknk eb que nagraves sudrfeagk yp`gejfeagk b`s fajbeneajf`s geb tfenpk y b`s n`b`s `gnfafs-

tr`jfkaes que exprfnea ` bks tr`m`c`gkres Zfatfuacute b` aejesfg`gge teaer ua` nucer ` su b`gk ua` jka b` ju`b pugfese p`se`r` su b`gk sfa verlograveeaz` y se ffcuacute ea ua` mebb` kr geb j`npk`bfjàtfak Bks gks y` se jkakjicircà pkr ua` v fsft` que hfzk ebb`òacutea afeth` ` su m`rjk `jknpèth`g` ge su p`gre `nflk gebn`rfak Ze eateagferka y be pfgfuacute ea n`trfnkafk AEligb gese`-m` j`s`rse pkr bk jfvfb perk b`s jkstunmres y jreeajf`s gkl-nagravetfj`s b` faueajf` geb jberk erà nuy duertes y tuvk quejkagesjeager ea espks`rse pkr b` Flbesf` ea `rrkgfbb`rse àtebks pfes ge ua jur` que pkr trefat` gurks bk jreyuacute j`tuacutebfjk ybks meagfck

Wr`s b`s aupjf`s se prkpusk jkaveajer ` su jknpèther`ge b`s mkag`ges geb Espfrftfsnk pkrque peas`m` que b` uaf-g`g ge nfr`s jkaveagricirc` ` b` p`z y debfjfg`g geb hkl`r Yerkak quericirc` vfkbeat`r sus jreeajf`s ebb` s`micirc` beer y esjrfmfr ua-que su bejtur` se bfnft`m` exjbusfv`neate bfmrks ge jkrte j`-

tuacutebfjk y jknk est`m` jkaveajfgk ge que b` eguj`jfuacutea es prf-

nkrgf`b p`r` bfmer`r ` bks puembks ge bks yulks y dà`tfsnksb` n`trfjubuacute ea ua jkbelfk ge bfjàte AEligb b` bbev`m` tkg`s b`s

t`rges y b` esper`m` ` su s`bfg` p`r` buelk g`r b`rlks p`seks yh`mb`r skmre bk preagfgk gq ufrfuacute jkakjfnfeatks leaer`besskmre tkgks bks r`nks geb s`mer hunàk que be `npbf`rka suhkrfzkate h`st` eatkajes estrejhk sknmricirck y nezqufak h`-jf` eb faffaftk Ykjk ` pkjk p` ub`tfa`neate jkadkrne se fmèasàjhàgk su s`mer `yug`g` ge ua` fatebfleajf` a`tur`bge ua` muea` nenkrf` y lr`jf`s t`nmfaeliga ` que ebb` resubtuacuteser naeliggfun B`lfer b` due jkaveajfeagk ge b` fautfbfg`g ge b`sjerenkaf`s y ge bk `msurgk ge bks gkln`s ejbesfagravestfjks

H`micirc` pergfgk ` tkgks sus hfcks drutk ge su àterfkrn`trfnkafk perk b` A`tur`bez` es daeligrtfb y leaerks` y tuvkb` lr`jf` ge ser p`gre ktr` vez B`s akjhes sfa aumes teaicirc`b` jkstunmre ge s`j`r `b pkrjhe eb tebesjkpfk ua rel`bk geLufbbernk ge Yrusf` pkr su b`mkr hunàft`rf` ea `rrem`t`rvfg`s `b n`r sicirc kmserv`m` b`s estrebb`s y pbàet`s becàks eajknpèthicirc` ge su hfck Jfertk gicirc` kmservàgk eb Zkb tr`vaeligs geua jrfst`b kp`jk su hfck be preluatuacute quaelig erà es`s nàjh`saelr`s que se veicircà aeligb be jkatestuacute que ea eb duturk s`mricirc`bk que gfjea `b respejtk bks `struacuteaknks perk que ea sukpfafuacutea erà bks eaenflks ge b` buz `quebbks que tàtk gèthkbe h`micircà hejhk reuafgks ea màg`g`s fateatàgk `p`l`rb`

sicirc due ` lràges r`slks b` vfg ` ge este leaerksk n`rf-ak y b`mr`gkr `bfjàtfak que se aeluacute ` sicirc nfsnk y ` sus hfckseb mfeaest`r ge b` rfquez` pkr bujh`r pkr y p`r` eb mfeaest`rge sus hernàks b` hunàfg`g tkg`

V jknk epicircbklk ks tràsjrfmk sus prkpf`s p`b`mr`s3

laquoquicirc estky pues ea eb j`npk ea eb oacutebtfnk terjfk ge nfb`rl` vfg` gfjhksk ea bk pksfmbe lr`jf`s `b Espfrftfsnk Zfa est`sumbfne jreeajf` gespuaeligs ge b`s lft`jfkaes y n`rlur`s ge nfmkrr`sjks` vfg` jka nf jkr`zuacutea pkr extrenk seasfmbe geseal`-eth`gk y sfa esperàz`s sericirc` eb nagrave s gesgfjh`gk ge bks hknmres

Ak tealk afaloacutea kgfk ` bks cesuft`s ` pes`r geb faneaskn`b que ne hà jùs`gk3 bks jknp`gezjk perk `mknfak b`fastftujfuacutea Leaer`bneate se jree que ska s`mfks y bks nagraves ptksp`r` eguj`r3 errkr gepbkr`mbe pues pkr bk jknoacutea su s`mfguricircàk es sfak stujf` y ak puegea eguj`r mfea sus senecàtes bkshknmres que ak tfeaea jkr`zuacuteaiquest

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Ykjk fn`lfa`m` eb ckvea `bfjàtfak y lrunete ge 05èthks jka eb rejfaeliga `gqufrfgk ticirctubk ge pfbktk ea eb mkbsfbbkfateatàgk rrem`t`r su vfg` b`s kb`s enmr`vejfg` s ge que-

bb` Akjhemuea` ge 084 bks gerrkterks que fm` ` tkn`r suvfg` Er` su seluagk vf`ce ` mkrgk geb Zà Cksaelig ua` lkbetèa b` ju`b se h`micirc` earkb`gk ua èthk àtes jknk `yugàte gepfbktk b peaetr`r ea b` ricirc` ge Tfbb`vfjfks` n`b luf`gks pkr ebpfbktk geb puertk ea evfgeate est`gk ge enmrf`luez eb m`rjkeaj`bbuacute ea ua màjk ge `rea` Er` pbe`n`r y `b m`c`r b` n`re`se p`rtfuacute pkr b` nft`g ` estk se sunuacute eb n`b tfenpk quebes kmbfluacute ` `màgka`r prejfpft`g`neate eb a`vicirck sk pea`ge perejer `hkl`gks b jkrrer gesj`bzk skmre b` gestrkz`-g` jumfert` auestrk prkt`lkafst` se jb`vuacute ua` `stfbb` que be`tr`vesuacute eb pfe ge p`rte ` p`rte p`rtfaeligagkse b` nfsn` y que-gàgk `hicirc jb`v`g` fnpfgfaeligagkbe j`nfa`r eb puazàte gkbkr Zfak bbel` ` ser pkr ua skbfg`rfk jknpètherk que be `l`rruacute ge b`jfatur` y bk `rrkcuacute skmre sus genagraves jknpètherks y` `bkc`gksea b` bàjh` y gfspuestks ` `bec`rse geb muque sfafestr`gk seveicirc` pergfgk y `màgka`gk ` su suerte

Yerk sf gur`s ska b`s pruem`s que te sknetea b`s duer-z`s ge b` a`tur`bez` ea eb n`r nagraves bk ska bks tkrneatks ge b`sduerz`s ge b` sknmr` ea b` tferr` Jkatr` b`s prfner`s se pue-ge bujh`r jka tus duerz`s tu fatebfleajf` y s`bfr `frksk ge ebb`sperk p`r` bujh`r jkatr` b`s seluag`s h`y que pkseer ua`pkgerks` duerz` nkr`b y ua` de faquemràt`mbe ea Gfks p`ràk jèr gerrkt`gk W`b be sujegfuacute `b v`bfeate j`pftagravea ]`nuacuteaB`lfer AEligb que h`micirc` skmrevfvfgk ` aùdr`lfks bujh`gk jkatr`hur`jàes veajfaeligagkbks aeligb que h`micirc` puestk ea pebflrk suvfg` y b` ge sus trfpubàtes pkr s`bv`r ` n`rfaerks ge muques

ea gfffjubt`ges y pkr bk ju`b h`micirc` rejfmfgk v`rf`s jkagejk-r`jfkaes ge ktrks tàtks est`gks eurkpeks aeligb se tkpuacute jka b`n`bg`g kjubt` m`ck `p`rfeajf`s ge sàtfg`g y ge bks hagravemftksaelrks ge bks nkgeraks d`rfseks y j`sf sujunme àte ebb`Yerk ak aks `gebàtenks ` bks `jkatejfnfeatks

Jka tà suacutebk 06 ethks y` bk ve nks jknk j`pftagravea geb Es-peràz` ua` `nàte lkbet` prkpfeg`g geb que sericirc` su dutu-rk suelrk Wkgk p`rejicirc` frbe vfeatk ea pkp` perk Eb juacuteber`pàgenf` que h`micirc` gesenm`rj`gk ea Eurkp` ` prfajfpfksgeb sflbk XFX prkjegeate ge b` Fagf` y òacutea n`b jkakjfg` `negf`gks geb nfsnk sflbk prkvkjuacute ua` lrà nkrtàg`g eaEspèth` ` bk b`rlk ge 0857 y se bbevuacute pkr gebàte b` vfg` ge su`n`g` espks` y ua` ge sus querfg`s hfc`s cuatk jka b`s ge sussuelrks y ktrks p`rfeates jerjàks Juàgk eb j`p ftagravea tr`juacutesu m`rjk ea eb puertk ge M`rjebka` ge vuebt` ge ua` ge sus

tr`vesicirc`s pkr bks n`res krfeat`bes se eateruacute ge b` terrfmbegeslr`jf` bk que buacutelfj`neate be prkvkjuacute lrà gkbkr Zu gaeligmfb

de gesealèth`g` ge b`s easeethàz`s `gubter`g`s ge b` Flbesf`J`tuacutebfj` se t`nm`beuacute àte eb gurk lkbpe ge b` paeligrgfg ` ge susseres querfgks y j`yuacute herfg` ge nuerte

Zus ju`trk hfcks restàtes se h`micircà queg`gk sfa n`grey `muebks que bks jufg`rà `sicirc que se bks bbevuacute prfnerk ` M`r-jebka` y buelk N`rsebb` jfug`g gkage pernàejicirc` tres gicirc`seatre `rrfm`g` y p`rtfg` y teaicirc` nagraves tfenpk p`r` gfsdrut`r geb` jknpèthicirc` ge sus `n`gks hfcks bbicirc bks gecuacute `b jufg`gk geua hknmre ge jkaffàz` ge reput`g` d`n` ge sàtk v`ruacuteamàquerk ge b` a`vfer` gueeth` geb muque que jknàg`m` pkr`queb eatkajes auestrk j`pftagravea Este hknmre `dicirca ` bks Cesuf-

t`s y ktr`s skjfeg`ges rebflfks`s se kdrejfuacute y prknetfuacute veb`rpkr bks huaeligrdàks jknk sf duese su p`gre ea su ùseajf`fateraàgk ` bks afethks ea jkbelfks ge bks Cesuft`s Eb n`rfakhknmre sfa gkmbez jkaffuacute ea b` p`b`mr` y ea b`s p rknes`s ge`queb truhagravea y ge b`s `ves ge r`pfeth` Y`s`rka bks èthks `p`jf-mbes jrejfeagk sus hfcks su reaknmre y su dkrtua`

Jkrricirc` eb èthk 0840 y h`bbagraveagkse ea Maeligblfj` jknfsfka`-gk pkr eb gueethk prfajfp`b ge b` a`vfer` due `vfs`gk pkr ua

àuacuteafnk ge que sus hfc`s Weres` y Esperàz` mebb`s nkz`sge 05 y 04 èthks ge eg`g h`micircà sudrfgk ua lr`ve fateatk ge`musk sexu`b pkr p`rte geb b`sjfvk màquerk y pebflr`m` sufatelrfg`g dicircsfj` V` est`m` tkgk gfspuestk p`r` `rrkc`rb`s `b` vfg` poacutembfj` sfak bbel` ` tfenpk p`r` fnpegfrbk b nfsnk

tfenpk su hfck Tfjeate ge 0= èthks due eajkatr`gk nuertkea b` muh`rgfbb` geb jkbelfk gkage est`m` faterak eavuebtkea vfec`s `bdknmr`s y jka duag`g`s skspejh`s ge h`mer sfgkskgknfz`gk A`g` se pugk s`mer skmre b` jùs` kffjf`b gesu d`bbejfnfeatk y` que due eaterr`gk sfa jertfffj`gk naeliggf-jk y ak se eajkatruacute `b eadernerk cesuft` que bk `teagfuacute Ebgesjkaskb`gk p`gre musjuacute `np`rk ea b` custfjf` p`r` ges-ean`sj`r`r y j`stfl`r ` bks jubp`mbes s`bv`r su hkakr y eb gesus hfc`s l`stuacute su dkrtua` supbfjuacute ` b`s `bt`s fastàjf`s tkgkea vàk Zuacutebk h`bbuacute gesgaeliga y j`bunaf` aeligb tfbg`gk ge bkjk ysus hfc`s ge bfler`s ge j`sjks Bks pkgerksks teatagravejubks ge b`

]NUacuteA BLFE]V YKN]EZ(08=0-086lt)

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Espicircrftusiquest



09 00]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull ZENMBAS MFKL]AgraveDFJ GE CKZAElig N]Icirc DE]AAgraveAGES JKBTFG (0806-0888) ZENMBAS MFKL]AgraveDFJ GE CKZAElig N]Icirc DE]AAgraveAGES JKBTFG (0806-0888) bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

Eb 00 ge gfjfenmre ge 0888 p`rticirc` h`jf` b` ‒Y`trfÈspfrftu`bbdquo gespuaeligs ge ua` b`rl` eaderneg`g Cksaelig N`ricirc`Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg` Neses àtes ea septfenmre se h`micirc`jebemr`gk eb Yrfner Jkalresk Fatera`jfka`b Espfrftfst` eaM`rjebka` jkavkj`gk pkr eb Jeatrk M`rjebkaaeligs ge EstugfksYsfjkbuacutelfjks bbicirc gespuaeligs ge ser `jb`n`gk pkr b` lrànubtftug ge bks `sfsteates due gesfla`gk Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`su Yresfgeate Hkakr`rfk prkjb`nagraveagkse b` exfsteajf`y vfrtu`bfg`g geb Espfrftfsnk jknk b` Jfeajf` fatelr`b yprklresfv`

A`je ea Wkrtks` (W`rr`lka`) eb 06 ge n`rzk ge 0806hfck ge p`gres `jknkg`gks y rejfme ea sus prfnerks èthksua` fnpkrtàte eguj`jfuacutea que pksterfkrneate servfricirc` jknkm`se duag`neat`b p`r` eb ges`rrkbbk ge su jkakjfnfeatkfatebejtu`b

Zu p`gre que due Zejret`rfk geb Lkmferak Nfbft`r ypkbicirctfjk ea Wkrtks` tr`s b` nuerte geb rey Deraàgk TFF duegestftufgk perselufgk y exfbf`gk Zfeagk Cksaelig N`ricirc` eb n`ykrge kjhk hernàks y nktfv`gk pkr b` lr`ve sftu`jfuacutea jre`g`p`r` eb susteatk ge su hkl`r se ve kmbfl`gk ` bks 04 èthksge eg`g ` `màgka`r b` d`nfbf` e fajkrpkr`rse `b ecaeligrjftkprestàgk sus servfjfks gesge eb 0 ge akvfenmre ge 085 eab` 4ordf Jknpèthicirc` geb Yrfner M`t`bbuacutea ge Wkrtks`

Wr`s b` herkfj` gedeas` ge Nkrebb` jè prfsfkaerk jknk teafeate jkrkaeb sfeagk tr`sb`g`gk jka ktrks jknm`tfeatesge luerr` ` Jagravegfz B` ecejujfuacutea ge su p`gre negfàte

dusfb`nfeatk eb 05 ge cubfk ge 085 cuatk jka tkgk eb pericirckgkge p`gejfnfeatk y gkbkr que sudrfuacute h`st` su bfmer`jfuacuteaeb =5 ge septfenmre ge 0870 be sfrvferka ge `preagfz`cen`rjàgk su vfg` ea b` moacutesqueg` ge b` p`z Y`rtfjfpuacute t`nmfaeligaea b`s luerr`s j`rbfst`s gkage se gfstfalufuacute pkr su v`beaticirc` yhunàfg`g `b eavf`r nfbes ge neas`ces jkaskb`gkres ` susjknpètherks p`r` que nàtuvferà `bt` su nkr`b

Wr`s bks jkafjtks enflr` ` Dràjf` gkage estugf` y`preage jka ua` lrà perdejjfuacutea eb fgfkn` ge este pìcircs Es`quicirc gkage jkakje y pr`jtfj` eb n`laetfsnk m`sagraveagkse eab`s easeethàz`s ge Gu Yktet y ktrks n`laetfz`gkres dràjeses]elres` ` M`rjebka` y gespuaeligs ge ternfa`r sus estugfks geakt`rfk que ak ges`rrkbbuacute prkdesfka`bneate se j`s` jkab` ckvea a` J`npks que pksterfkrneate se revebuacute jkan`laicircffj`s d`jubt`ges psicircqufj`s y que `pky`rka bks estugfksre`bfz`gks pkr Cksaelig N`ricirc`

Ea 0849 jkat`jt` jka eb j`pftagravea ge b` n`rfa` nerjàte]`nuacutea B`lfer y Ykn`res que jknàg`m` eb v`pkr laquoEbNka`rjìquest qufea be eatrel` uak ge bks bfmrks que h`micirc` trìcircgkge b` jfug`g ge N`rsebb` Be Bfvre ges Esprfts Be fnpresfka`ge t`b nàer` su bejtur` ea dràjaeligs que be vfsft` ea suprkpfk m`rjk `b sflufeate gicirc` nàfdestagraveagkbe que gemfgk `su prkduagk jkakjfnfeatk ge b` bealu` dràjes` tr`gujfragraveb` kmr` `b j`stebbàk Ge est` nàer` jknfeaz` ` dkrc`rsejknk ua` ge b`s fflur`s nagraves gest`j`g`s geb Espfrftfsnkea Espèth` bb`n`gk ` p`rtfr geb Jkalresk Fatera`jfka`b ge0888 eb ‒O`rgej Espèthkbbdquo Ea 0840 se pumbfj` tr`gujfgk `bj`stebb ak Eb Bfmrk ge bks Espicircrftus sflafffjagraveagkse jknk ebprfner espèthkb que tr`guje b`s kmr`s ge bbà O`rgej

Y`r`beb`neate se gfstfalue pkr su jkagfjfuacutea ge extren`j`rfg`g hunà` prekjupagraveagkse pkr `quebbks que p`gejeaaejesfg`ges ge tkgk krgea Zu eatusf`snk be bbev` ` duag`r

cuatk jka ktrks jkb`mkr`gkres b` laquoskjf`jfuacutea ge nflks

ZENMBAS MFKL]AgraveDFJGE CKZAElig N]Icirc

DE]AAgraveAGES JKBTFG(0806-0888)

Gfvubl`gkr espicircrft` rtfjubfst` y jkadereajfàte Y`rtfjfp` ea prklr`n`sge r`gfk y tebevfsfuacutea ge tenagravetfj` espfrftu`b jtu`bneate es presfgeatege b` skjf`jfuacutea ge Estugfks Espicircrft`s ge N`grfg Cuà Nflueb Deraagraveagez

ge bks Ykmresiquest que ges`rrkbbuacute guràte nujhk tfenpksfeagk aknmr`gk Yresfgeate B` gedeas` ge bks fateresesge b` Zkjfeg`g be jùsuacute nujhks eadreat`nfeatks jreagraveagkbeeaenflks

Eb èthk 0846 due nuy fnpkrtàte p`r ` aeligb y` que duaguacute ygfrflfuacute b` ]evfst` ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjks ge M`rjebka` guràtej`sf vefate èthks gedeagfeagk gesge sus pagravelfa`s ge nàer`buacutelfj` y r`jfka`b eb Espfrftfsnk jkatr` tkgks `quebbks queutfbfzàgk b` preas` se eadreat`mà b prklresk ge b` GkjtrfaÈspicircrft` Jreuacute b` laquoZkjfeg`g M`rjebkaes` prkp`l`gkr` gebEspfrftfsnkiquest gfrflfuacute eb laquoLrupk Espicircrft` B` Y`ziquest y est`mbejfuacuteea M`rjebka` b` prfner` Bfmrericirc` Espfrftfst`

Jknfeaz` ` gest`j`rse ` p`rtfr ge 08lt9 Cksaelig N`ricirc`Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg` nàteafeagk ua`s reb`jfkaes ge nfst`g

nuy prkduag`s jka eb nèstrk bbà O`rgej y tr`guje suskmr`s b nfsnk tfenpk ska nuy v`bkr`gks y rejkakjfgks sus

tr`m`cks jknk favestfl`gkr ea b ks terreaks geb n`laetfsnke hfpaktfsnk re`bfzàgk experfneatks jka b` relresfuacutea geb` nenkrf` preseatàgk ua` netkgkbklicirc` rflurks`neatejfeaticircffj` vkbj`g` ea b` genkstr`jfuacutea ge b` reeaj`ra`jfuacutea

Jka mael`jfuacutea gegfj` perska`bneate nujhk tfenpk jkatest`r b`s j`rt`s que rejfme h`mftu`bneate skmre jkasubt`sy t`nmfaeliga skbfjftuges ejkauacutenfj`s ge perska`s aejesft`g`sque fateat` jkrrespkager geatrk ge sus pksfmfbfg`ges `bperteaejer ` b` laquoZkjfeg`g ge Zkjkrrks Nutuksiquest ` pes`r gebks esj`sks rejursks ge que gfspkae

Zu j`ragravejter `mael`gk ge hunfbg`g y nkgestf` sfenpregfspuestk ` `yug`r ` bks nagraves gaeligmfbes nagraves sus jkastàtesesduerzks y s`jrfffjfks ea b` gfvubl`jfuacutea geb Espfrftfsnk duerka

b`s pùt`s p`r` gesfla`r ` Cksaelig N`ricirc` Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`jknk uak ge bks espfrftfst`s nagraves skmres`bfeates ge b` hfstkrf`geb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth`

B` skjf`jfuacutea ge Estugfks Espicircrft`s ge Flu`b`g` cuatkjka b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb` fafjf` ea eb èthk =99ltgespuaeligs ge ua jknpbfj`gk tr`m`ck ge favestfl`jfuacutea b`restùr`jfuacutea geb sepubjrk ge Cksaelig N`ricirc` Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfgèa eb jeneaterfk ge Nkatcueumlj jkatàgk jka b` jkb`mkr`jfuacuteaejkauacutenfj` ge gfversks jeatrks espicircrft`s Ge este nkgkjknk hknea`ce `b gest`j`gk espfrftfst` due jkbkj`g` ua`bagravepfg` fgaeligatfj` ` b` prfnfleaf` gerrufg` pkr eb `màgkak eaeb tfenpk tràsjurrfgk gest`jàgk b`s nfsn`s fasjrfpjfkaeseb 0 ge cuafk ge =99lt y gagraveagkbe `sicirc b` gflafg`g que nerejesu Espicircrftu

Cksaelig NordfDeraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`

0849 jkat`jt` jka eb j`pftagravea ge b`

n`rfa` nerjàte ]`nuacutea B`lfer yYkn`res que jknàg`m` eb v`pkr

laquoEb Nka`rjìquest()

()Be Bfvre ges Esprfts Be fnpresfkage t`b nàer` su bejtur` ea dràjaeligs quebe vfsft` ea su prkpfk m`rjk b sflufeategicirc` nàfdestagraveagkbe que gemfgk suprkduagk jkakjfnfeatk ge b` bealu`dràjes` tr`gujfragrave b` kmr` b j`stebbàk



0= 0]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull TFSJKAGE WK]]EZ-ZKBAKW V JZZ TFSJKAGE WK]]EZ-ZKBAKW V JZZ bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

jkat`jtk jka bks gfdereates aoacutejbeks ge estugfk ge auestrk pìcircs`sicirc jknk geb exterfkr Ze est`mbeje pues ea N`grfg ua jeatrkque sfrvfer` p`r` b` reb`jfuacutea eatre tkgks bks espfrftfst`s esp`-ethkbes y extràcerks eb Jeatrk Leaer`b geb Espfrftfsnkea Espèth` juyk presfgeate er` bverfjk Yeruacutea kjupàgk b`vfjepresfgeajf` eb Tfzj kage Wkrres-Zkbàkt

Este Jeatrk `lbutfa`m`3 b` Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` Zevfbbà`b` Zkjfeg`g M`rjebkaes` ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjks b` Zkjfeg`gEspfrftfst` ge Jagravegfz b` Zkjfeg`g bfjàtfa` ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacute-lfjks b` Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` ge S`r`lkz` b` Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst`ge Nkatkrk eb Jeatrk Espfrftfst` bnerfease eb Jicircrjubk Espf-

rftfst` ge J`rt`lea` eb Jicircrjubk Espfrftfst` ge Zkrf` eb JicircrjubkEspfrftfst` ge Zàt` Jruz ge Weaerfde eb Jicircrjubk Espfrftfst` geZ`b`nàj` y eb Jicircrjubk Espfrftfst` ge Yeeth`ràg` ge Mr`j`nkate

genagraves ge b`s jft`g`s skjfeg`ges se fatelr`rka ea ebJeatrk Leaer`b geb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` Jeatrks Jicircrjubks yLrupks est`mbejfgks ea bjkbe` geb Yfa`r bàfs gr` bn`zagraveabnàs` bj`r`z spe M`rjebka` (Jeatrk nkr) Muc`r`bkzM`g`ckz Murlks Jfug`g ]e`b Juacutergkm` J`stebbuacutea ge b` Ybà`Huesj` Beuacutea Baeligrfg` Bklrkethk Nurjf` Nagraveb`l` Nkat`bmagravea Krf-hueb` Yufljergagrave Pufatà`r ge b` Zferr` Z`m`gebb ZàtàgerZà Yegrk bjagraveat`r` Wrucfbbk Werr`ss` y T`bb`gkbfg revebàgk b`pkteajf`bfg`g geb nkvfnfeatk espicircrft` espèthkb ea b` aeligpkj` ynagraves òacutea ua nkvfnfeatk ge uafffj`jfuacutea que suacutebk nagraves t`rgejkakjericircà ea Mr`sfb

Es pkjk gespuaeligs juàgk enpez`ricirc` lest`rse bk que nagraves t`rge sericirc` eb F Jkalresk Espicircrft` Fatera`jfka`b Ea 08ltlt eatr èa jkat`jtk jka eb lrupk espfrftfst` ‒N`rfett`bdquo ea N`grfg yh`st` 0889 se gegfj` ` estugf`r bks n`r`vfbbksks y espejt`ju-b`res deauacuteneaks ge `pkrtes prkgujfgks pkr b` `pkg`g` laquonaelig-gfun ge b`s kresiquest que v`bferka b` pumbfj`jfuacutea ge b` kmr` pkr tkgks jkakjfg` y que jkateaicirc` b`s `jt`s y kmserv`jfkaes ge b`ssesfkaes h`mfg`s ea gfjh` skjfeg`g

Ea eb ethk 08lt8 duag` y gfrfle Eb Espfrftfst` revfst` jfeaticircffj`

ge estugfks psfjkbuacutelfjks juy` vfg` due tà suacutebk ge gks ethks pu-mbfjagraveagkse bks ju`trk oacutebtfnks aoacutenerks ea S`r`lkz` ea dkrn`ge supbeneatk y jka eb ffa ge jkatest`r ` bks sernkaes pregf-j`gks pkr eb j àuacuteaflk Zr Jkger` ea eb tenpbk geb Yfb`r jkatrèb espfrftfsnk Ge b` nfsn` nàer` skstfeae v`rf`s pkbaelignfj`sea b` preas` jka eb p`gre Zagraveajhez y eb jàuacuteaflk Zr Nàterkb`

Gegfj` v`rfks èthks `b estugfk y b` pumbfj`jfuacutea geb vkbu-nfaksk bfmrk tftub`gk Yksftfvfsnk espfrftu`bfst` ea eb que g`ragrave` jkakjer b` hfstkrf` ge bks tr`m`cks jfeaticircffjks hejhks ea eb terreak ge b` psfjkbklicirc` experfneat`b y sus estugfks e favestfl`-jfkaes geatrk ge ese j`npk Bks vefate prfnerks j`picirctubks geest` kmr` vericircà b` buz ea b` ]evfst` ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjks geM`rjebka` revfst` que p`s`ricirc` ` gfrflfr gur àte vefate èthks tr`sb` geseaj`ra`jfuacutea ge Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`

Ea estks nkneatks y` es presfgeate hkakr`rfk ge b` n`-ykr p`rte ge b`s `skjf`jfkaes espfrftfst`s espèthkb`s sicirc jknk ge

b`s eurkpe`s y `nerfjà`s Ea 088 duag` y gfrfle ea HuesjÈb Frfs ge Y`z perfuacutegfjk espfrftfst` y ea S`r`lkz` Ua Yerfuacutegfjk Nagraves gejea`b bfmre-peas`gkr jkb`mkràgk ea v`rf`s pumbfj`jfk-aes perfuacutegfj`s

V es ea 0888 j uàgk se jebemr` uak ge bks jkatejfnfeatks nagraves fnpkr tàtes ea b` Hfstkrf` geb Espfrftfsn k ea auestrkpìcircs3 eb F Jkalresk Espicircrft` Fatera`jfka`b ea M`rjebka`geb que due presfgeate y prknktkr cuatk Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`jknk presfgeate hkakr`rfk y vfjepresfgeates n`bf` Gknfa-lk Zkber y Nflueb Tfves eb `puacutestkb geb Espfrftfsnk Eatre ebbksest`mà t`nmfaeliga3 Yferre Lìumltà Beyn`rfe Erjkbe Jhf`f` Cuà C

L`r`y Wknagraves ge Keth` y Eubklfk Yrfetk

Este jaeligbemre Jkalresk se re`bfzuacute ea eb ‒Z`buacutea Esb`v`bdquo sftu`gk ea b` ‒]kag` ge Zà Yegrkbdquo Ea `quebb` kpkrtuafg`g akdue pksfmbe jkat`r jka ua bkj`b nagraves gese`gk pkr re`bfz`rse`b nfsnk tfenpk b` Expksfjfuacutea Uafvers`b kjupàgk eb prkpfkbul`r gkage ea 0840 se re`bfzuacute eb ‒utk ge De ge M`rjebka`bdquoY`rtfjfp`rka represeat`jfkaes ge Dràjf` Maeligblfj` Ft`bf` ]usf`Jum` Yuertk ]fjk Jhfbe Naeligcfjk rleatfa` y EEUU

Zeloacutea ua` reseeth` geb prkpfk Tfzjkage Wkrres-Zkbàkt yJ`s`s h`jfeagk redereajf` ` b`s jkajbusfkaes extrìcircg`s ge gf-jhk jkalresk3 laquo`ffrnà b` exfsteajf` geb Espfrftfsnk jknk ua`jfeajf` ge kmserv`jfuacutea prklresfvìquest Ua èthk gespuaeligs ge estefnpkrtàticircsfnk eveatk due eb gebel`gk espèthkb ea eb JkalreskFatera`jfka`b ge Y`ricircs

Hknmre fbustr`gk y ge prkduag`s jkavfjjfkaes eb Tfz-jkage Wkrres-Zkbàkt `genagraves faùluruacute ea Espèth` b`s prfner`sesjueb`s b`fj`s cuatk ` D`mfagravea Y b`sicirc N`rticirca Dfa`bneate y tr`sua` vfg` gegfj`g` `b estugfk genkstr`jfuacutea y gfvubl`jfuacutea gebEspfrftfsnk geseaj`rauacute ea M`rjebka` ea 069=

H`mb`r ge G atkafk Wkrres-Zkbàkt y J`s`s es h`mb`r geuak ge bks hknmres nagraves fnpkrtàtes e fauyeates ea b` hfstk-rf` geb Espfrftfsnk ea auestrk pìcircs Due gesjeagfeate ge ua` rfj`

d`nfbf` akmbe ge tr`gfjfuacutea bfmer`b y repumbfjà` geb btk r`luacuteaguràte tkgk eb sflbk XFX y que se gest`juacute pkr b` bujh` pkrb`s bfmert`ges ea ua pìcircs nuy j`stfl`gk pkr bks prfvfbelfks gebEst`gk y skmre tkgk ge b` Flbesf` A`jfuacute `jjfgeat`bneate eaN`grfg eb =9 ge eaerk ge 0879 juàgk su p`gre G N`rfàkprfner Tfzjkage ex-gfput`gk y sea`gkr geb refak kjup`m` ua`btk j`rlk pkbicirctfjk ea b` jkrte gkage gesenpeeth`m` b` j`rter`ge Lkmera`jfuacutea ea uak ge bks nfafsterfks ge b` releajf` geEsp`rterk

Jknfeaz` su fastrujjfuacutea ea Huesj` skmres`bfeagk sfen-pre pkr sus j`p`jfg`ges Zfeagk òacutea nuy afethk se fateresuacute pkreb perfkgfsnk y reg`jtuacute v`rfks nàusjrftks jkb`mkràgk `jtf-v`neate ea ua` pumbfj`jfuacutea duag`g` pkr esjkb`res ea S`r`lk-z` bb`n`g` Eb teaek Yksterfkrneate estugfuacute peg`lklicirc` b`ticircay hunàfg`ges p`r` gespuaeligs fafjf`r sus estugfks ge `mkl`jicircèa S`r`lkz` y N`grfg gkage t`nmfaeliga jurs`ricirc` estugfks skmre`gnfafstr`jfuacutea

Gesjumrfeagk ea aeligb b` d`bt` ge vkj`jfuacutea aejes`rf` p`rèb ecerjfjfk geb gerejhk kptuacute pkr gegfj`rse `b estugfk ge b`sjfeajf`s pkbicirctfj`s nkr`bes y ffbksuacuteffj`s que g`ricircà verg`gerkseatfgk ` su vfg` Jka `pea`s vefate èthks gejfge `npbf`r su

nuagk e fafjf` ua` serfe ge vf`ces que be prkjur`ricircà ak suacutebkexperfeajf`s gfvers`s sfak genagraves b` pksfmfbfg`g ge rejuper`r-se ge b` d`tfl` neat`b que sudricirc` y rejknpkaer sus duerz`s

p`rtfr ge 084lt gfrfle ea su Huesj` a`t`b Eb btk r`luacutea`b dreate geb ju`b estuvk h`st` eb èthk 08lt9 Yumbfj`jfuacutea aeligst` gejkateafgk pkbicirctfjk gedeagicirc` b`s fge`s geb p`rtfgk prklresfst`sfeagk `sicirc jknk tkn` p`rte `jtfv` ea b` revkbujfuacutea geb èthk0848 jkakjfg` jknk ‒B` Lbkrfks`bdquo y que gfk bul`r `b gestrk-a`nfeatk ge b` refa` Fs`meb FF

Zfa enm`rlk b` vfg` be teaicirc` reserv`gks ktrks j`nfaksy` que jknk jkasejueajf` ge es` nfsn` revkbujfuacutea b` skjfe-g`g espèthkb` jknfeaz` ` fateres`rse pkr b` Gkjtrfa` Espicircrft`lr`jf`s ` ua auevk seatfnfeatk ge bfmert`g y geb `kr`nfeatkge fge`s àtfjberfj`bes que pksfmfbft`ricircà b` `gkpjfuacutea ge auev`s

jkajepjfkaes

sicirc ea eb èthk 08lt0 jkakje ea S`r`lkz` b` Zkjfeg`gYrklresk Espfrftfst` duag`g` pkr eb teafeate leaer`b Ck`-quicirca M`sskbs Eatre sus nfenmrks nagraves gest`j`gks ea eb `jt`duag`jfka`b pkgenks eajkatr`r `b mrfl`gfer Deraàgk Yrfnkge ]fver` `b gfput`gk prkvfajf`b Nflueb Zfauaeligs Bezùa ` bkspfatkres Y`mbk Lkaz`bvk y Egu`rgk Buacutepez geb Ybàk `sicirc jknk` nfbft`res ge bt` lr`gu`jfuacutea Es bbicirc gkage gesjumre laquob` verg`gEspicircrftìquest jkavfrtfaeligagkse gesge ese nkneatk ea uak ge bksgfvubl`gkres nagraves fnpkrtàtes geb EspfrftfsnkWà suacutebk ua èthkgespuaeligs es aknmr`gk sejret`rfk ge est` nfsn` skjfeg`g

Ea 08lt= a`je b` Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` Espèthkb` m`ckb` presfgeajf` edejtfv` ge Wkrres-Zkbàkt fast`bagraveagkse b` auev`skjfeg`g ea b` J`bbe Jervàtes ge S`r`lkz` gkage se re`bfz`-mà sesfkaes y jkadereajf`s poacutembfj`s y teaicirc` su sege su uacuterlàkEb jrfterfk espfrftfst` Est` pumbfj`jfuacutea neasu`b ea ju`geraks ge=7 pagravelfa`s jkateaicirc` `rticircjubks gkjtrfa`rfks ge pkbaelignfj` mfmbfk-lragraveffjks tr`gujjfkaes jknuafj`jfkaes ge bks Espicircrftus y resoacute-neaes ge bks tr`m`cks ge b`s Zkjfeg`ges Espicircrft`s pkesicirc`s ne-gfoacutenafj`s y aktfjf`s fateresàtes ak suacutebk p`r` b` Gkjtrfa` sfak t`nmfaeliga p`r` su gfvubl`jfuacutea

Este nfsnk èthk pumbfj` su pr fner bfmrk3 Yrebfnfa`res b es-tugfk geb Espfrftfsnk Jkasfger`jfkaes leaer`bes p`r` b` gkjtrfa`ffbkskdicirc` y jfeajf` espfrftfst` ua vkbunea ge 799 pagravelfa`s `b quese sujegericircà ktr`s fnpkrtàtes kmr`s eatre b`s que eajkatr`nks3

Jkatrkversf` espfrftfst` ` prkpuacutesftk ge bks hernàks G`vea-pkrt Gedeas` geb Espfrftfsnk jka aktfjf`s y testfnkafks que ge-nuestrà b` re`bfg`g ge bks deauacuteneaks espfrftfst`s N`grfg 08lt5

Gedeas` geb Espfrftfsnk N`grfg 08lt5 y 08lt8

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Ua ]`jfka`bfst` nagraves (088-0884)

]eseeth` geb Yrfner Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b M`rje-bka` 0888

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TfzjkageWkrres-Zkbàkty J`s`s

eb èthk 08lt0 jkakje ea S`r`lkz` b`

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Ze est`mbeje pues ea N`grfg uajeatrk que sfrvfer` p`r` b` reb`jfuacuteaeatre tkgks bks espfrftfst`s espèthkbesy extràcerks eb Jeatrk Leaer`b gebEspfrftfsnk ea Espèth`



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B` preseajf` ge b` nucer ea eb nuagk ge b`s betr`s se h`ragraveespejf`bneate sflafffj`tfv` ea Espèth` ea b` seluag` nft`g geb sflbkXFX sicirc cuatk ` esjrftkr`s ge t`bb` fajuestfka`mbe jknk ]ks`bicirc`ge J`strk k Enfbf` Y`rgk M`zagravea eajkatr`nks tkg` ua` serfe geùtkr`s juy` ffrn` `p`reje jka `sfgufg`g ea revfst`s y perfuacutegfjksjubtfvàgk tkgk tfpk ge laeligaerks y tenagravetfj`s pes`r ge ebbk b`n`ykricirc` hà queg`gk rebel`g`s `b kbvfgk jknk ea eb j`sk geb` pkbfd`jaeligtfj` y jfert`neate nuy v`bfks` n`bf` Gknfalk Zkberjkasfger`g` oacutea hky ea gicirc` ua redereate ea bks jicircrjubks espfrftfst`sfatera`jfka`bes perk gesjkakjfg` p`r` auestr` hfstkrf` bfter`rf`

n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber vfeae `b nuagk ua 09 ge akvfenmrege 085 ea Zevfbb` y es mùtfz`g` ea b` Flbesf` ge Zà ]kque eaeb pkpub`r m`rrfk ge ‒bks Aelrftksbdquo Ua lr`ve prkmben` kjub`rque sudrfuacute ` bks pkjks gicirc`s ge a`jer b` gecuacute j`sf favfgeate Zerejuper`ricirc` p`rjf`bneate perk p`gejericirc` ua` gemfbfg`g ge retfa`que b` `jknpèth`ricirc` guràte tkg` su vfg`

Ze` jknk duere su n`gre se `pbfjuacute ea b` t`re` ge easeeth`rb`` beer gesge que tuvk gks èthks ge eg`g ge t`b nkgk que ` bksjfajk beicirc` y` jkrrejt`neate Eb fateraeligs que sfatfuacute pkr b` bfter`tur`prkveaicirc` pkr tàtk ge su prfner` fadàjf` Jknk rejkakjericirc`èthks nagraves t`rge3 laquoGesge afeth` `trìcircà pkgerks`neate nf `teajfuacuteab`s lràges bfmrericirc`s y eatr`m` ea ebb`s jka rebflfksk respetkiquest

Ge jkastftujfuacutea gaeligmfb exhfmfuacute sfa enm`rlk gesge tenprà èg`g ua j`ragravejter duerte y gejfgfgk ` b` hkr` ge geauajf`r b`sfacustfjf`s skjf`bes Zeloacutea ebb` nfsn` rejkrg`ricirc` tfenpk gespuaeligsea su gkbesjeajf` tuvk ua eajueatrk ea b` j`tegr`b ge Zevfbb` jkaua Geagravea que b` rejrfnfauacute pkr nàfdest`r ea vkz `bt` su kpfafuacutea`jerj` geb `teskr`nfeatk ge rfquez`s pkr p`rte ge b` Flbesf`

Zuacutebk pugk jurs`r estugfks prfn`rfks perk genkstruacute ua`lrà prejkjfg`g esjrfmfeagk sus prfnerks pken`s ` b` eg`gge gfez èthks y gagraveagkse ` jkakjer ` bks gfejfkjhk jknfeazksge 0858 `p`rejea flu`bneate v`rf`s jknpksfjfkaes suy`s ea b`revfst` sevfbbà` Nusek Bfter`rfk

Hfc` oacuteafj` geb n`trfnkafk b` ùseajf` ge su p`gre quenurfuacute juàgk n`bf` jkat`m` gfejfsfete èthks ge eg`g y ebpksterfkr d`bbejfnfeatk ge su n`gre ea cuafk ge 0849 be hfjferkap`gejer ak pkj`s vfjfsftuges ejkauacutenfj`s b tkj`r ` su ffa b`pequeeth` hereajf` p`tera` b`s `nfl`s ge b` d`nfbf` be kdrejea b`sgks skbujfkaes h`mftu`bes ea b` aeligpkj` p`r` ju`bqufer nucer skbter`y sfa rejursks3 k mfea eatr`m` ea ua jkaveatk p`r` bk ju`b se

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0847 su relresk se gegfj` ge auevk ` b` jkstur` jknk oacuteafjk

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B` jkatfau` gegfj`jfuacutea `b ecerjfjfk prkdesfka`b ge b` jkstur`vuebve ` reseatfr su vfst` h`st` eb puatk ge queg`r j`sf jfel`Gesesper`g` rejkrre faauner`mbes jkasubt`s ge naeliggfjks y`tr`vfes` pkr ua` et`p` ge jrfsfs perska`b ea b` que fajbusk bbel`` peas`r ea eb sufjfgfk Zfa negfks ejkauacutenfjks `btera`tfvks severagrave kmbfl`g` ` rejurrfr ` b` j`rfg`g ` tr`vaeligs ge ua` skjfeg`gffbàtruacutepfj` p`r` pkger s umsfstfr

Ykr `queb eatkajes eb leaer`b Ck`quicirca M`sskbs nfafstrkge b` Luerr` h`micirc` jre`gk b` Zkjfeg`g n`trftease ‒YrklreskEspfrftfst`bdquo bb`n`g` nagraves t`rge ‒Zkjfeg`g ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjksbdquoy eb perfuacutegfjk Eb Yrklresk Espfrftfst que se reduagfuacute tfenpkgespuaeligs ea b` revfst` Eb Jrfterfk pumbfj`jfuacutea que expbfj`m` ebperdejjfka`nfeatk geb espicircrftu hunàk ` tr`vaeligs ge b`s sujesfv`sreeaj`ra`jfkaes y b` jknpreasfuacutea ge b`s d`bt`s jknetfg`s ea vfg`sp`s`g`s negfàte b` expf`jfuacutea ea b` eaj`ra`jfuacutea preseate Zeragraveeatkajes juàgk n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber que h`micirc` musj`gk b`verg`g ea gfvers`s jkadesfkaes rebflfks`s quege d`sjfa`g` jkaest` gkjtrfa` y jkasfgere que be kdreje b` respuest` ` tkg`s b`sjuestfkaes tr`sjeageat`bes que se h`micirc` pbàte`gk h`st` esenkneatk

p`rtfr ge `hicirc jknfeaz` bk que jkasfger` ua` auev` vfg``sunfeagk b` j`reajf` vfsu`b jknk ua` prkm`mbe jkasejueajf`ge sus fnperdejjfkaes ea exfsteajf`s p`s`g`s Yres` ge ua` lrà`belricirc` reg`jt` ua pken` que eavicirc` ragravepfg`neate ` Eb Jrfterfk Ebgfrejtkr ge gfjh` pumbfj`jfuacutea be eavf`ragrave ` su vez ua` j`rt` ge`lr`gejfnfeatk cuatk jka ua ecenpb`r ge su bfmrk Yrebfnfa`res `bestugfk geb espfrftfsnk (08lt=) Ze tr`t`m` geb vfzjkage atkafkge Wkrres Zkbàkt y J`s`s rejkakjfgk espfrftfst` ge fgekbklicirc`prklresfst` que h`micirc` p`rtfjfp`gk `jtfv`neate ea b` ]evkbujfuacuteage 0848 y que ea eb nkneatk que pkgricirc`nks geaknfa`r geesjfsfuacutea orùsfpksftfvfst` kptuacute pkr b` teageajf` enàjfp`gkr`ge fzquferg`s que se gejàtuacute h`jf` ua` re`jjfuacutea teksuacuteffj` sicirc

J`tegragravetfj` ge Bfter`tur` Espèthkb ea b Uafversfg`g ge Lrà`g seh` gegfj`gk jknk favestfl`gkr ge nàer` predereate b resj`te geùtkres d sjfaàtes que h`micirc a pernàejfgk h`st` b dejh` ea muea`negfg` ea eb kbvfgk

gesge 08lt0 Wkrres Zkbàkt se gegfjuacute b estugfk y prkp`làg` gebespfrftfsnk duagàgk v`rfks perfuacutegfjks y gfrflfeagk b` ‒Zkjfeg`gEspfrftfst` Espèthkb`bdquo Eb eajueatrk eatre `nmks resubt`ragrave gejfsfvkea b` vfg` ge b` esjrftkr` Ua` vez est`mbejfg` b` jkaexfuacutea prkatkb` `jklericirc` m`ck su prktejjfuacutea y p`trkjfafk

Eb prfner `rticircjubk ge est` tenagravetfj` reg`jt`gk pkr n`bf`Gknfalk Zkber `p`rejeragrave ea 08lt= ea b` pkrt`g` geb asup3 6 ge EbJrfterfk jka eb ticirctubk ge ‒B` De Espfrftfst`bdquo Eatre ese èthk y 069 b`ùtkr` bbel`ragrave ` pumbfj`r nagraves ge gks nfb textks skmre espfrftfsnk

tàtk ea prks` jknk ea versk jkb`mkràgk h`st` eb nkneatk gesu nuerte ea nubtftug ge pumbfj`jfkaes espicircrft`s

Yerk su s`bug se v` ` reseatfr ua` vez nagraves `b selufrjknp`lfaàgk jkstur` y esjrftur` p`r` pkger skmrevfvfr y ebnaeliggfjk be rejknfeag` ua` tenpkr`g` ge repksk tknà gk mèthksjerj` geb n`r Eatre bks aunerksks gestfaks que b`s d`nfbf`s geb` hernàg`g espfrftfst` be kdrejea ebfle bfjàte gkage cuatkjka Cfcka` y Nurjf` p`s`ragrave uaks neses h`st` que y` repuest`relrese ` N`grfg ea demrerk ge 08lt4 Zu pernàeajf` ea b`

j`pft`b ak kmstàte seragrave nagraves mfea jkrt` pues eb gicirc` =9 ge cuafkge ese nfsnk èthk se tr`sb`g`ragrave ge nàer` geffaftfv` ` M`rjebka``jeptàgk b` favft`jfuacutea hejh` pkr p`rte ge Bufs Bb`jh presfgeategeb Jicircrjubk Espfrftfst` ‒B` Muea` Auev`bdquo p`r` jkb`mkr`r ea bksperfuacutegfjks que gfduagea eb espfrftfsnk Gfjh` skjfeg`g est`m`r`gfj`g` ea b` j`s` que b` d`nfbf` Bb`jh kjup`m` ea b` eatkajesvfbb` ge Lr`jf` y b` vfajub`jfuacutea ge b` ùtkr` jka `quebb` seragrave tàestrejh` que su gknfjfbfk gesge eb 09 ge `lkstk ge ese nfsnkèthk queg`ragrave est`mbejfgk ea ua` h`mft`jfuacutea geb prfner pfsk gebfanuembe vfvfeag` ea juyk c`rgicirca reg`jt`ragrave bluaks ge sus neckresesjrftks Gesge `bbicirc gfrflfragrave t`nmfaeliga pkr esp`jfk ge vefate èthks(08lt6-0866) b` pumbfj`jfuacutea perfuacutegfj` B` buz geb pkrveafr Zenà`rfkespfrftfst` y gesge 0867 seragrave flu`bneate reg`jtkr` cede ge Buz

y Uafuacutea ]evfst` neasu`b uacuterlàk ge expresfuacutea ge b` `skjf`jfuacuteaespfrftfst` ‒Uafuacutea Espfrftfst` O`rgejfà` ge J`t`bueth`bdquo

nfl` y `gnfr`gkr` ge b` t`nmfaeliga esjrftkr` ]ks`rfk gejueth` jka b` que nàteagragrave reb`jfuacutea epfstkb`r y jknp`rtfragrave`gsjrfpjfuacutea b`s bklf`s n`suacuteafj`s y jkb`mkr`jfkaes ea eb perfuacutegfjkB`s Gknfafj`bes geb Bfmre Yeas`nfeatk jkasfger` jknk ebb` queb` fastrujjfuacutea poacutembfj` es fnpresjfagfmbe p`r` eb prklresk ge b`skjfeg`g y se gkberagrave geb `tr`sk ea que vfve Espèth` geb que jubpèa lrà negfg` ` b` Flbesf` J`tuacutebfj` Zu gedeas` ge b` easeethàz`b`fj` jrfst`bfz`ragrave ea b` `pertur` ge ua` esjueb` m`ck ese nkgebkeguj`tfvk ea eb prkpfk Jicircrjubk Espfrftfst` ‒B` Muea` Auev`bdquoque pugk ser duag`g` lr`jf`s ` bks gka`tfvks ge ua nfbbka`rfkffbàtruacutepfjk `geptk ` b`s gkjtrfa`s espfrftfst`s

Nàteagragrave flu`bneate b` ùtkr` ` pes`r ge bk kpuestk gesus pkstub`gks fgekbuacutelfjks ua` exteas` reb`jfuacutea ge `nfst`g jkab` t`nmfaeliga esjrftkr` y bfmrepeas`gkr` sevfbbà` Agravealebes Buacutepez gey`b` resfgeate jknk ebb` ea b` vfbb` m`rjebkaes` ge Lr`jf` Gesus èthks ge jkb`mkr`jfkaes jruz`g`s aks quegà eatre ktrks

textks bks pken`s que n`bf` G knfalk Zkber gfk `b perfuacutegfjkge teageajf` repumbfjà` Eb Yrklresk duag`gk pkr Buacutepez gey`b` ea 0864 y t`nmfaeliga bks pumbfj`gks ea eb que aeligst` gfrflfragrave `jkatfau`jfuacutea Eb Lb`gf`gkr que s`bgricirc` ` b` j`bbe ` p`rtfr ge 0694

Ea septfenmre ge 0888 p`rtfjfp` `jtfv`neate jknkvfjepresfgeat` y oacuteafj` preseajf` deneafa` ea eb jknftaelig krlàfz`gkrgeb prfner Jkalresk Fatera`jfka`b Es pfrftfst` que tfeae bul`r ea b`jfug`g jkag`b jka lrà jkajurreajf` y reperjusfuacutea ea b` kpfafuacuteapoacutembfj`

Ea 0699 pumbfj`ragrave Nenkrf`s geb Y`gre Lernagravea rejkpfb`jfuacuteage textks m`s`gks ea bk que ebb` jkaffes` ser ua`s jknuafj`jfkaesgeb nagraves `bbagrave kmteafg`s ` tr`vaeligs ge ua naeliggfun bb`n`gk Eug`bgky tràsjrft`s pkr ebb` nfsn` Ju`trk èthks nagraves t`rge refajfge ea

este tà pejubf`r laeligaerk mfklr`ffst` ge ‒ubtr`tunm`bdquo y pumbfj` iexclWepergkak Nenkrf`s ge ua espicircrftu (0697)

Zus oacutebtfnks èthks ge vfg` tràsjurrfragravea jka b` s`bug nuyquemràt`g` h`st` su d`bbejfnfeatk `jèjfgk ` jkasejueajf` geua` mrkajkaeunkaicirc` eb gicirc` =6 ge `mrfb ge 0696 Zu eatferrk dueselufgk pkr ua` lrà jknftfv` doacuteaemre que `jknpèthuacute eb jkjhenkrtukrfk gesge su gknfjfbfk h`st` eb Jeneaterfk geb Zug-Kesteea b` d`bg` geb Nkatcufj ]ejfeateneate b` DEE jka b` jkb`mkr`jfuacuteage gfversks jeatrks s`bvuacute su sepubtur` ge ser gestrufg`

Ea eb nfsnk èthk ge su nuerte `p`reje su bfmrk Dbkres geb`bn` (0696) jkacuatk ge pkesicirc`s nkrks`s esjrftk jka nktfvk geb` kaknagravestfj` ge su ffeb jrf`g` ]ks` Mertragravea y tres èthks gespuaeligssu bfmrk ùtkmfklragraveffjk puacutestunk Nenkrf`s ge b` fas flae jàtkr`geb espfrftfsnk n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber Gfvfgfg`s ea gks p`rtes B`prfner` jkatfeae bk que esjrfmfuacute ea vfg` B` seluag` y eb pruacutebklk que`jknpèth` b` kmr` duerka gfjt`g`s gesge eb es p`jfk pkr ebb` nfsn`` N`ricirc` su naeliggfun

T`rfks bfmrks nagraves `p`rejeragravea tr`s su geseaj`ra`jfuacutea eatre

bks que se puegea gest`j`r eb tftub`gk Jkasecks ge ubtr`tunm`y eb àtkbuacutelfjk Zus nagraves hernksks esjrftks _g 0696êthks nagraves

t`rge ve b` buz Jueatks espfrftfst`s _06=4^ àtkbklicirc` que jkatfeaeprkm`mbeneate bks reb`tks nagraves v`bfksks que s`bferka ge suprkbicircffj` pbun` Ge hejhk sericirc` geffafg` ea b` aeligpkj` jknk laquobòacuteafj` esjrftkr` espfrftfst` ge `bloacutea naeligrftkiquest

Mfmbfklr`dicirc`

GKNFALK ZKBE] Jueatks espfrftfst`s sebejjfuacutea pruacutebklky eg ge nebfa` Jkrre` N`grfg 3 Jbà =99= (0ordf eg NùjjfM`rjebka` sd _06=4^)

GKNFALK ZKBE] Jueatks espfrftfst`s egfjfuacutea àkt`g`y pksd`jfk ge nebfa` Jkrre` egfjfuacutea gflft`b ea ‒Ua` l`bericirc`ge bejtur`s peagfeatesbdquo Mfmbfktej` Tfrtu`b ge ag`bujicirc` _Eabicircae`32http3wwwmfmbfktej`vfrtu`bgeàg`bujfèskpeajnsbejtur`s-peagfeates99-jueatks[espfrftfst`shtnb1^

]NKZ Nordf G ‒Hernà`s ea jreeajf`s hernà`s ge bujh`Nuceres r`jfka`bfst`s jubtur` repumbfjà` y skjfeg`g jfvfb ea b`]estùr`jfuacuteabdquo Ea3 rea`b ]evfst` ge Hfstkrf` ge b`s Nuceres Lrà`g 3Uafversfg`g ge Lrà`g` vkb 00 asup3 = (cub-gfj =997) p =lt-54

ZFNUacuteA YBNE] Nordf J ‒n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber esjrftkrèspfrftfst` (085-0696)bdquo Ea3 ]kner` J`stfbbk C et `b (jkkrgs) ExBfmrfs Hknea`ce `b prkdeskr Cksaelig Dr`gec`s Bemrerk N`grfg 3 UAEG066 vkb FF p lt0-lt77

ZAgraveAJHES AgraveBT]ES-FAZOacute ‒Tf`càgk h`jf` eb sur gesgeeb pbàk `str`b3 B` esjrftkr` sevfbbà` n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber akseavfuacute sus nenkrf`s gesge eb Nagraves bbagravebdquo Ea3 TT Esjrftur`s gebZur3 Ft`bf`-Espèth`-Ft`bf`-N`lrem Jkalresk fatera`jfka`b ea Hknea`ce` ]`ddèbe Aflrk Zevfbb 3 rjfmeb =996 p 0-08

nebfa` Jkrre` ]`nuacutea

n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber

()Zu gedeas` ge b` easeethàz` b`fj`jrfst`bfz`ragrave ea b` pertur` ge uaèsjueb` m`ck ese nkgebk eguj`tfvkea eb prkpfk Jicircrjubk Espfrftfst`‒B` Muea` Auev`bdquo

reg`jt` ua pken` que eavicirc` ragravepfg`neate` Eb Jrfterfk Eb gfrejtkr ge gfjh`

umbfj`jfuacutea be eavf`ragrave ` su vez ua` j`rt` ge

r`gejfnfeatk cuatk jka ua ecenpb`r ge sufmrk Yrebfnfa`res `b estugfk geb espfrftfsnk08lt=) Ze tr`t`m` geb vfzjkage atkafk ge

Wkrres Zkbàkt y J`s`s



04 0lt]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull JKAL]EZKZ EZYIcirc]FWZ NUAGFBEZ K FAWE]AJFKABEZ EA EZYETH JKAL]EZKZ EZYIcirc]FWZ NUAGFBEZ K FAWE]AJFKABEZ EA EZYETH bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

Espèth` h` sfgk pfkaer` ea juàtk ` Jkalresks Fater-a`jfka`bes se reffere perk t`nmfaeliga bk due ea b` fge` ge bùafuacutea y krlàfz`jfuacutea fatera`jfka`b ge bks espicircrft`s sflufeagkb`s reexfkaes ge bbà O`rgej ea su `rticircjubk laquoJkastftujfuacuteageb Espfrftfsnkiquest ge b` ]evue Zpfrfte

J`me b` hkar` ge h`mer hejhk bks prfnerks esduerzksh`jf` ua` jkb`mkr`jfuacutea fatera`jfka`b ` b` ‒Zkjfeg`g EspfrftfstÈspèthkb`bdquo juàgk prkpusk bks espfrftfst`s ge Tfea` y ge Df-b`gebff` eb prfner Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b quebb`ssenfbb`s drujtfffj`rka y nagraves t`rge eb Jeatrk M`rjebkaaeligs geEstugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjks y b` Deger`jfuacutea Espfrftfst` geb T`bbaeligs bbe-v`rka j`mk eb prkyejtk ge b` ‒Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` Espèthkb`bdquo

Eb ‒Yrfner Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`bbdquo tuvk bul`rea M`rjebka` ea 0888 Ea eb nfsnk cuatk jka ktr`s jkajbu-sfkaes se vktuacute eb `juergk sflufeate3 laquoB` Deger`jfuacutea utuacuteakn`

ge tkgks bks espfrftfst`s Wkgk `geptk perteaejeragrave ` ua` skjfe-g`g bel`bneate jkastftufg` tkg` skjfeg`g nàteagragrave reb`jfkaesjkastàtes ea ua jeatrk ge su bkj`bfg`g tkgk jeatrk bkj`b b`snàteagragrave jka su Jeatrk A`jfka`b gfrejt`neate k pkr faterne-gfk ge Jeatrks ]elfka`bes j`g` Jeatrk A`jfka`b b`s sksteagragrave su vez jka bks genagravesiquest

Zf mfea ak se bklruacute ea ua prfajfpfk jkastftuye eb prfnerp`sk re`bfz`gk h`jf` ua` Deger`jfuacutea Fatera`jfka`bWea`jes easu enpeethk bks espfrftfst`s espèthkbes jkatfau`rka prkpulaà-gk pkr ua` uafuacutea fatera`jfka`b y ea b` s`nmbe` geb Jkalre-sk ge Y`ricircs ge 0886 fasfstferka ea su fge` ` tr`vaeligs ge b` prk-puest` preseat`g` pkr eb presfgeate geb prfner Jkalresk gf-rejtkr ge b` ]evfst` ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjks y represeatàte eaY`ricircs ge v`rfks jeatrks espèthkbes eb Tfzjkage Wkrres-Zkbàkt

W npkjk tuvk aeligxftk est` hern ks` fafjf`tfv` y tkgk jka- tfauuacute ea flu`b dkrn` bk que nktfvuacute que ea eb Jkalresk ge0699 jebemr`gk ea Y`ricircs m`ck b` presfgeajf` ge Baeligka Geafsbks espèthkbes vkbvfesea ` prkpkaerbk quicirc t`npkjk eb `n-mfeate due d`vkr`mbe y ua` vez nagraves bks esduerzks bks eatusf`s-nks ge bks espfrftfst`s espèthkbes resubt`rka faoacutetfbes

H`st` que ea eb Jkalresk ge Bkagres ge 06== aue-v`neate ua represeatàte espèthkb Pufaticirca Buacutepez presea-

tuacute ua` prkpksfjfuacutea ge b` Deger`jfuacutea Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b

(DEF) fge` est` vez jept`g` y que se jkrkauacute jka eb Jkalreskge Bfec` ea 06= eaj`rl`gk ge re`bfz`rb` A`je sicirc ea Maeligblfj`b` Deger`jfuacutea Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b quegàgk gknfjfbf`gèa Y`ricircs y teafeagk jknk prfner` t`re` b` krlàfz`jfuacutea geb FJkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b jebemr`gk ea 06=5 ea Y`-ricircs jka = pìcircses represeat`gks

Eb pìcircs jka nagraves Jkalresks Fatera`jfka`bes k Nuagf`besjebemr`gks h`st` b` dejh` h` sfgk Espèth` jka 5 sflufaeligagkbeDràjf` jka 7

Yresfgeate ge b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb` y seluagk sejret`rfk geb Jka-

seck Espicircrft` Fatera`jfka`b

Z`bv`gkr N`rticirca

G`gk eb bfnft`gk esp`jfk que ua `rticircjubk pernfte teae-

nks que kmvf`r nujh`s juestfkaes sulestfv`s perk `quebbksfateres`gks ea nagraves fadkrn`jfuacutea pkgragravea eajkatr`r bks bfmrksgflft`bfz`gks ge bks Jkalresks ge 0888 y 067 ea b` pagravelfa`wem ge b` DEE `sicirc jknk tkgks bks vfgeks geb 4sup3 JkalreskEspicircrft` Nuagf`b ea eb jà`b ykutume

F JKAL]EZK EZYIcirc]FW FAWE]AJFKABM`rjebka 8 `b 0 ge septfenmre ge 0888

Zu ‒bn` N`terbdquo due eb vfzjkage ge Wkrres-Zkbàkt lràfflur` geb Espfrftfsnk hfspàk hknmre que uaicirc` ea ua` de-bfz jknuafuacutea ua` fatebejtu`bfg`g ge prfner krgea y lràgesgktes ge krlàfz`gkr Ze jebemruacute geb 8 `b 0 ge septfenmrejkfajfgfeagk jka b` Expksfjfuacutea Uafvers`b que teaicirc` bul`r eaM`rjebka`

bull lt9 `skjf`jfkaes espicircrft`s espèthkb`s08 sug`nerfj`-a`s0=7 dràjes`s = deger`jfkaes y `skjf`jfkaesmebl`s 0 represeatàgk ` tkg`s b`s ft`bfà`s 0 ge Mu-j`rest ]unàicirc` 0 ge Kgess` Ujràf`

bull =lt ]evfst`s espfrftfst`s represeat`g`s 09 ge ebb`s es-pèthkb`s

bull Yresfgeate hkakr`rfk3 Cksaelig N`ricirc` Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`bull Yresfgeate ge b` Jknfsfuacutea krlàfz`gkr`3 Tfzjkage ge

Wkrres-Zkb aktbull Ea b` prfner` sesfuacutea poacutembfj` jka eb s`buacutea jknpbet`-

neate bbeak kjupuacute b` presfgeajf` eb seethkr Tfzjkage

ge Wkrres-Zkbàkt teafeagk su ge rejh` Gordf n`bf`Gknfalk y Zkber y ` G Nflueb Tfves

bluaks ge bks nkneatks nagraves gest`j`gks y `pbùgfgksgeb Jkalresk3

Eb Gr Hkddnà

laquoiexclJuagravea mebbk sericirc` que nfeatr`s bks `gvers`rfks se murbàge auestrks esduerzks ge auestr` teageajf` vfaeligr`nks ` tkgks bksespicircrft`s ge muea` vkbuat`g teagerse b` nàk `skjf`rse sfajer`

y be`bneate sfa fateajfuacutea seluag` p`r` tr`m`c`r ea `gebàte jkaeb nfsnk `rgkr y ea fgaeligatfj` t`re`3 àuajf`r b` Terg g ` bks queb` flakrà fbunfa`r eb j`nfak geb pkrveafr ` juàtks ak vea òacuteaea su regegkr sfak `mfsnks tfafemb`s Es` nfsfuacutea geme gejfgfraks` gec`r auestrk `fsb`nfeatk ` `lrup`raks ea `pret`gk h`z `tr`m`c`r fajesàteneate sfa tenkr af gesd`bbejfnfeatk jka `nkr

y jka jkaffàz` `jkrg`ks `nflks nicircks geb `puacutebklk geb h`z ge

ejh`s V auestr` b`mkr ak h`mragrave gqufrfgk su ges`r rkbbk esper`gk

h`st` eb gicirc` ea que tkg`s b`s fafjf`tfv`s hky gfspers`s se h`yà`skjf`gk p`r` preteager ge jknoacutea juergk fgaeligatfjk trfuadk

He hicirc ge guacuteage a`je b` aejesfg`g ge uafraks ge jkadua-gfraks ea ua nfsnk seatfnfeatk ge jkajkrgf` y ge tkberàjf`3 he`hicirc eb gemer nagraves estrfjtk ge juàtks espicircrft`s `nà verg`ger`-neate eb Yrklresk y b` Terg`g ge tkgks bks hknmres ge jkr`zuacuteaque se guebea ge b`s pea`bfg`ges ge b` exfsteajf` ge bks ffbuacuteskdksge bks ffbagraveatrkpks ge bks belfsb`gkres he `quicirc t`nmfaeliga eb gesekque auestrk veaer`gk nèstrk bbà O`rgej rkl`m` sfenpre b`Yrkvfgeajf` se junpbfese

Uafuacutea Dr`terafg`g Zkbfg`rfg`g Bfmert`g3 aeligst`s ska auestr`s`spfr`jfkaes p`r` eb duturk ge b` skjfeg`g eater` y aksktrksespicircrft`s gemenks jkajurrfr ` su re`bfz`jfuacutea fnperfksk gemer

auestrk jka tkgks bks rejursks ge auestrk espicircrftu b`s duerz`s geauestr` fatebfleajf` eb j`bkr ge auestrks jkr`zkaes y skmre tkgkjka auestrk ecenpbkiquest

Eatre b`s seatfg`s p`b`mr`s ge Nflueb Tfves gest`j`nksb` j`rt` eavf`g` pkr ua` Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` ge = reks nks-

tràgk eb lrà j`nmfk nkr`b que eb Espfrftfsnk h`micirc` prkvk-j`gk ea ebbks

Ea uak g e bks faterv`bks eb Tfzjkage Wkrres Zkbàkt re-p`rte eatre tkgks bks perfkgfst`s ua ecenpb`r geb bfmrk Eb es-pfrftfsnk ate b` jfeajf` ge L`mrfeb Gebàae kmr`s que h`micircàsfgk rel`b`g`s jka ese kmcetk pkr eb presfgeate hkakr`rfk gebJkalresk Cksaelig N`ricirc` Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg`

Ea es`s sesfkaes se h`mb` ge b` jre`jfuacutea ge b` deger`jfuacuteage tkg`s b`s `skjf`jfkaes espfrftfst`s preseatagraveagkse fajbuskua prkyejtk ge est`tutks

JKAL]EZKZEZYIcirc]FWZ NUAGFBEZ K

FAWE]AJFKABEZEA EZYETH

F Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b - M`rjebka`- 0888FFF Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b - N`grfg - 086=T Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b - M`rjebka` 067 (krlàfz`gk

pkr b` DEF y b` DEE) Jkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`b - N`grfg - 066= (Ze jre` eb Jkaseck Espicircrft`Fatera`jfka`b)TF Jkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`b - T`beajf` - =909 (krlàfz`gk pkr eb JEF

y b` DEE)

alresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b - M `rjebka`- 0888

J kalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka b - N`grfg - 086=kalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka`b - M`rjebka` 067

(krlàfz`gk pkr b` DEF y b` DEE)Jkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`b - N`grfg - 066=

(Ze jre` eb Jkaseck Espicircrft` Fatera`jfka`b)

TF Jkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`b - T`beajf` - =909

(krlàfz`gk pkr eb JEF y b` DEE)

btera`tfv`neate `b Jkalresk ea b`sege ge b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkbèa b` akjhe geb =8 ge akvfenmretuvk bul`r ua` reuafuacutea hfstuacuterfj`jka b` jre`jfuacutea geb Jkaseck Espicircrft`Fatera`jfka`b (JEF)



08 06]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull JKAL]EZKZ EZYIcirc]FWZ NUAGFBEZ K FAWE]AJFKABEZ EA EZYETH JKAL]EZKZ EZYIcirc]FWZ NUAGFBEZ K FAWE]AJFKABEZ EA EZYETH bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

blua`s ge b`s jkajbusfkaes geb Jkalresk3

- Weager jkatfau`neate ` uafr y deger`r bks Espicircrft`s geua pìcircs sicirc jknk deger`r tkgks bks jeatrks a`jfka`besge auestr` Wferr`

- H`bb`r nkgk ge pumbfj`r tkg`s b`s kmr`s espfrftfst`s eaegfjfkaes pkpub`res m`r`ticircsfn`s

- Yrkp`l`r b` Gkjtrfa` eatre b`s n`s`s ea bks t`bberesea bks jeatrks fagustrf`bes y b`s nagraves hunfbges nkr`g`spkr negfk ge dkbbetks jkadereajf`s lr`tuft`s y perfuacute-gfjks

- Wr`m`c`r ea gestrufr skmre eb Ybàet` bks oacutebtfnks restksge b` Esjb`vftug ea tkg`s sus dkrn`s

T JKAL]EZK EZYIcirc]FW FAWE]AJFKABM`rjebka 0 `b 09 ge septfenmre ge 067

Yresfgeates hkakr`rfks3 B`gy Ceà Jkaà Gkybe y eb p rk-deskr Eraestk MkzzàkYresfgeate geb Jkalresk y ge b` DEF3 Hunmertk DkrestferYresfgeate ge b` Jknfsfuacutea krlàfz`gkr` y presfgea-te ge b` DEE3 Cksaelig Nordf Zeser`s y ge M`tbbe

B` jknfsfuacutea jknpuest` pkr nfenmrks ge b` DEE re`bfzuacuteua` `rgu` b`mkr3

laquoB`s j`rt`s esjrft`s sunà nagraves ge gks nfb b`s jfrjub`resrep`rtfg`s ea gfdereates kj`sfkaes eatre b`s krlàfz`jfkaes espf-

rftfst`s ea falbaeligs dràjaeligs k espèthkb nagraves ge vefate nfb b`s hkc`svkbàger`s gfstrfmufg`s pkr b`s j`bbes ge M`rjebka` y pkmb`jfkaesbfnicirctrkdes nagraves ge jfea nfb bks j`rtebes auajf`gkres nagraves ge tresnfb b`s jkavkj`tkrf`s geb Jkalresk ea tres fgfkn`s gfez nfb y bksprklr`n`s jfajk nfb

Y`r` `selur`r b` jkb`mkr`jfuacutea ge bks espfrftfst`s ge tkg`b` Yeaicircasub` se aknmruacute ua gebel`gk ea j`g` lrupk juy` nf-sfuacutea jkasfsticirc` ea kmteaer eatre sus skjfks eb nagravexfnk pkyk p`rèb Jkalresk bklràgk jka ebbk que ak h`y` h`mfgk af ua` skbèatfg`g espfrftfst` `ffbf`g` ` b` DEE que ak hfjfese verg`gerkss`jrfffjfks p`r` `selur`r eb aeligxftk geb FF Lrà Jkalresk Espfrftfst`Fatera`jfka`b que se jebemr`m` ea Espèth` Nujhicircsfnks duerka`genagraves bks gka`tfvks fagfvfgu`bes e fajbusk `blua`s eatfg`gesak perteaejfeates b` Deger`jfuacutea Espèthkb` pkrt`rka ak esj`s``yug` Jkadereajf`s jtks poacutembfjks ge prkp`l` ag` ffest`s bfter`-rfk nusfj`beshellip jka eb gesek der vfeate ge bklr`r que eb Jkalreskduese ua aeligxftk y ua` genkstr`jfuacutea ge b` pucàz` que v` `gquf-rfeagk eb Espfrftfsnk espèthkb

Y`r` d`jfbft`r b` rejklfg` ge dkagkshellip se egft`rka bks sebbksespfrftfst`s jka b`s efflfes ge bbà O`rgej Beuacutea Geafs Jkaà GkybeJksne N`rfethk Mezerr` ge Neaeses y n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber

Ea gks kj`sfkaes se krlàfz`rka lràges jtks poacutembfjks geprkp`làg` que jkastftuyerka ua aeligxftk pkj`s vejes vfstk Y`rèbbk kmtuvfnks geb yuat`nfeatk b` jesfuacutea ge bks Y`b`jfks ge r-tes Gejkr`tfv`s y ge b` Net`burlf` Ea v`rfks nfbb`res ge persk-a`s pkgenks j`bjub`r bks sfsteates j`g` `jtk ea eb jursk gebju`b bks represeatàtes geb Jknftaelig ecejutfvk hfjferka prkp`làg`` d`vkr geb Jkalresk

V `sicirc eatre ua`s jks`s y ktr`s jka eb s`jrfffjfk ge b` lràn`s` espèthkb` y jka b` `yug` ge bks genagraves pìcircses se duereuafeagk b` jàtfg`g aejes`rf` que h` g`gk ua resubt`gk tkt`bge jerj` ge 9999 peset`s nagraves geb gkmbe ge bk l`st`gk eaju`bqufer ktrk Jkalreskiquest B` fasjrfpjfuacutea jkst`m` 09 peset`s

Afaloacutea ktrk jkalresk fatera`jfka`b h`micirc` bklr`gk h`s- t` ese nkneatk tàtks pìcircses represeat`gks3 = Eb yua- t`nfeatk ge M`rjebka` y b` Leaer`bft`t ge J`t`bueth` `pky`-rka tkt`bneate b` jebemr`jfuacutea geb Jkalresk Kmtuvferkageb yuat`nfeatk b` jesfuacutea geb Y`b`jfk ge Yrkyejjfkaes ge09999 n= jka tkgk eb perska`b àexk `b nfsnk y bks servf-jfks ge ebejtrfjfg`g B`s gks fastftujfkaes pkbicirctfj`s p`rtfjfp`-rka ge b` sesfuacutea faùlur`b Gest`juacute pkr ua` krlàfz`jfuacutea akvfst` ates ea ua jkalresk

JKAL]EZK NUAGFB GE EZYF]FWFZNK N`grfg =lt b =6 ge akvfenmre ge 066=

Ea eb èthk ea que Espèth` jkanenkr`m` eb 599sup3 af-vers`rfk geb gesjumrfnfeatk ge naeligrfj` que se jebemr`m`b` Expk6= ea Zevfbb` bks Cuelks Kbicircnpfjks ea M`rjebka` yN`grfg er` b` j`pft`b jubtur`b eurkpe` b` Deger`jfuacutea EspicircrftÈspèthkb` krlàfz` ea eb Y`b`jfk ge Jkalresks ge N`grfg ebJkalresk Nuagf`b ge Espfrftfsnk JN6= Jka lt9= p`rtfjf-

pàtes (77= ge Espèth` y =49 ge ktrks pìcircses) y 04 pìcircsesrepreseat`gks

btera`tfv`neate `b Jkalresk ea b` sege ge b` Dege-r`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb` ea b` akjhe geb =8 ge akvfenmre

tuvk bul`r ua` reuafuacutea hfstuacuterfj` jka b` jre`jfuacutea geb JkaseckEspicircrft` Fatera`jfka`b (JEF) ebflfaeligagkse `b eatkajes presfgea-

te ge b` DEE ]`dèb L kazagravebez Nkbfa` sejret`rfk leaer`b gebJkaseck Espicircrft` Fatera`jfka`b Lr`jf`s su hfck jkaserv`nksea b` deger`jfuacutea fadkrn`jfuacutea reb`tfv` ` `queb jkalresk quenuestr` b` muea` krlàfz`jfuacutea geb Zr Gka ]`dèb verg`gerk`rticircffje geb rea`jfnfeatk y krlàfz`jfuacutea geb nkvfnfeatk es-picircrft` ea Espèth`

TF JKAL]EZK EZYIcirc]FW NUAGFBT`beajf 09 `b 0= ge kjtumre ge =909

Eb JEF h` fgk `lrupàgk `yugàgk y uafeagk eb nkvf-

nfeatk espicircrft` fatera`jfka`b jknk afalua` fastftujfuacutea h`y`re`bfz`gk ea tkg` b` hfstkrf` geb Espfrftfsnk V gesge su duag`-jfuacutea ea 066= h` re`bfz`gk jkalresks j`g` tres èthks m`ck b`geaknfa`jfuacutea ge Jkalresks Espicircrft`s Nuagf`bes gfstfalufaeliga-gkse `sicirc ge bks hfstuacuterfjks fatera`jfka`bes

Eb JEF eajkneaguacute b` krlàfz`jfuacutea ge este 4sup3 Jkalresk` b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb` y m`ck eb ben` ‒Zknks Es-picircrftus Fankrt`besbdquo bklruacute reuafr ea b` Derf` ge T`beajf` ` 089lt`sfsteates ge bks ju`bes ltlt er à espèthkbes Due eb jkalreskjka b` represeat`jfuacutea fatera`jfka`b nagraves lràge h`st` b` dejh`8 pìcircses

Wkg`s b`s jkadereajf`s se eajueatrà gfspkafmbes ea ebjà`b ykutume ge b` DEE W nmfaeliga se pumbfjuacute ua repkr t`ce sk-mre este jkalresk ea eb aoacutenerk 9 ge b` ]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b`Dee juy` egfjfuacutea gflft`b e stagrave gfspkafmbe ea3 wwwespfrftfsnkes

TF Jkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`b T`beajf`

klruacute reuafr ea b` Derf` ge T`beajf`` 089lt `sfsteates ge bks ju`bes ltlt

erà espèthkbes Due eb jkalresk jka

` represeat`jfuacutea fatera`jfka`b nagraveslràge h`st` b` dejh` 8 pìcircses



=9 =0]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull EB EZYF]FWFZNK EA B AEligYKJ ]EYUMBFJA EB EZYF]FWFZNK EA B AEligYKJ ]EYUMBFJA bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

bk b`rlk ge b` jkrt` hfstkrf` geb espfrftfsnk `blk nagraves ge059 èthks jkast`t`nks que ea tfenpks ea que hà fnper`gkrelicircneaes tkt`bft`rfks aeligste h` sfgk reprfnfgk y perselufgknfeatr`s que h` pkgfgk ges`rrkbb`rse ea tfenpks ge tkberàjf`` b` pbur`bfg`g ge peas`nfeatks jknk guràte b`s gksrepoacutembfj`s espèthkb`s

Ea b` seluag` nft`g geb sflbk XFX tkg`vicirc` jkbe`m` b`fatkberàjf` ge b` Faqufsfjfuacutea y gest`j`nks jknk nuestr` gksùtks ge de jkatr` kmr`s espfrftfst`s Ea prfner bul`r b` ecejujfuacuteage b` krgea geb kmfspk Y`bù jka b` jren`jfuacutea poacutembfj` ge 99kmr`s y dkbbetks eseajf`bneate ge bbà O`rgej eb 6 ge kjtumrege 0840 ea M`rjebka` Este utk ge de tuvk jknk jkasejueajfèb edejtk jkatr`rfk b gese`gk pkr sus prknktkres y jkavfrtfuacute M`rjebka` ea b` j`pft`b espfrftfst` ge Espèth` Ykjks ethks gespuaeligs`sfstfnks ` b` gestrujjfuacutea ge b` kmr` Akjfuacutea geb Espfrftfsnk gebffbagraveatrkpk naeliggfjk y mkl`gk Gr Ck`quicirca HuebmesWenpr`gk ea084lt ea N`grfg

Yese ` est`s nuestr`s ge fatkberàjf` y represfuacutea ebespfrftfsnk seluicirc` expàgfaeligagkse eatre tkg`s b`s jb`sesskjf`bes prfajfp`bneate tr`vaeligs ge b`s aunerks`s pumbfj`jfkaesperfuacutegfj`s que a`jicircà ea gfstfat`s jfug`ges ge tkg` b` leklr`dicircèspèthkb` B` prfner` ge est`s revfst`s due Eb Jrfterfk revfst`

qufajea`b jfeaticircffj` fafjf`g` ea N`grfg ea eaerk ge 0848 pkjksneses àtes geb trfuadk ge b` ]evkbujfuacutea lbkrfks` que gfk p`sk`b Zexeafk Genkjragravetfjk Eb Jrfterfk duag`gk pkr bverfjk Yeruacuteay juyk prfner gfrejtkr due Ck`quicirca Huebmes nagraves t`rge p`suacute `geaknfa`rse Eb Jrfterfk Espfrftfst` Ea su aoacutenerk ge akvfenmrese nkstr`m` jknk eb uacuterlàk ge b` Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` Espèthkb`y preseat`m` ea su j`mejer` b` nagravexfn` skjragravetfj` ‒Aksje tefpsunbdquo fasjrfpjfuacutea que presfgfuacute eb tenpbk ge pkbk ea Gebdksy que jkastftuye ua ebeneatk prfnkrgf`b ge b` prkpuestèspfrftfst` ea su moacutesqueg` geb neckr`nfeatk geb ser

Guràte b` mreve F ]epoacutembfj` Espèthkb` (08lt-lt7) seesjrfmfuacute ua` hernks` pagravelfa` ea b` hfstkrf` geb espfrftfsnk Eaestks nkneatks hfstuacuterfjks ge bfmert`ges y `spfr`jfkaes geneckr` skjf`b eb espfrftfsnk se ges`rrkbb`m` y er` `mr`z`gk pkraunerksks hknmres ge jfeajf` y betr`s Ge este nkgk ea ebn`rjk ge b` reakv`jfuacutea peg`luacutelfj` ge b` easeethàz` guràte b`

prfner` belfsb`tur` ge b`s Jkrtes Jkastftuyeates se preseatuacuteua` eanfeag` ea vfrtug ge b` ju`b eb espfrftfsnk dkrn`ricirc` p`rtege b`s n`terf`s que se gem`ticircà ea eb prkyejtk ge redkrn` geb` prfner` y seluag` easeethàz` `sicirc jknk ge b`s uafversfg`ges

Eb textk belfsb`tfvk gejicirc` `sicirc3 laquoBks gfput`gks que susjrfmeajkakjfeagk que b` jùs` prfner` geb gesjkajfertk que pkrgesveatur` refa` ea b` a`jfuacutea espèthkb` ea b` esder` ge b`fatebfleajf` ea b` relfuacutea geb seatfnfeatk y ea eb j`npk ge b`s kmr`ses b` d`bt` ge de r`jfka`b es b` j`reajf` ea eb ser hunàk ge uajrfterfk jfeaticircffjk que cust`r sus reb`jfkaes jka eb nuagk favfsfmbereb`jfkaes hkag`neate perturm`g`s pkr b` d`t`b faueajf` ge b`srebflfkaes pksftfv`s tfeaea eb hkakr ge skneter b` prkm`jfuacutea geb`s Jkrtes Jkastftuyeates b` sflufeate eanfeag` `b prkyejtk ge beyskmre redkrn` ge b` seluag` easeethàz` y ge b`s d`jubt`ges geffbkskdicirc` betr`s y jfeajf`s

Eb pagraverr`dk terjerk geb `rticircjubk 9 ticirctubk FF se reg`jt`ragrave gebsflufeate nkgk3

Werjerk EspfrftfsnkY`b`jfk ge b`s Jkrtes =4 ge lkstk ge 08lt Cksaelig

A`v`rrete a`st`sfk L`rjicirc` Buacutepez Buicircs D Meaicirctez ge Bulk Nàueb Jkrjh`gk N`naeligs ]egkagk Dr ajkiquest

Ea eb prkyejtk ge Jkastftujfuacutea Deger`b ge b` ]epoacutembfj`

Espèthkb` ge 08lt que ak bbeluacute ` prknubl`rse eb `rticircjubk 7rejklicirc` que laquoEb ecerjfjfk ge tkgks bks jubtks es bfmre ea EspèthìquestYkr ktrk b`gk ea eb mreve tfenpk que gur` b` F ]epoacutembfj` bksespfrftfst`s espèthkbes duerka bks prknktkres ge b` jebemr`jfuacuteage ua jkalresk fatera`jfka`b Ge este nkgk ea b` j`rt` queeb = ge n`yk ge 08lt eb presfgeate ge b` Zkjfeg`g EspicircrftÈspèthkb` eb vfzjkage Wkrres-Zkbàkt eavicirc` `b Yresfgeate geb` Zkjfeg`g Espicircrft` ge Tfea` skbfjftàgk b` jebemr`jfuacutea ge uajkalresk fatera`jfka`b fagfj`m` laquoeb nes ge cubfk ne p`s`raelig pkres` j`pft`b p`r` bbev`rbes eb dr `tera`b s`bugk ge bks espfrftfst`s geN`grfg bks hernàks vfeaeses y teaer b` s`tfsd`jjfuacutea ge g`rbesverm`bneate jueat` ge bks prklresks y jrejfeate ges`rrkbbkgeb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` gesge que b` belfsb`jfuacutea sàjfkauacute b`bfmert`g ge peas`nfeatk y b` bfmert`g ge jubtksiquest

Eb tfenpk ge vfg` ge b` F ]epoacutembfj` due mreve perk ea ebagraveafnk ge bks espfrftfst`s espèthkbes se h`micirc` `seat`gk b` fge` ge

Mfmbfktej`rf`Dkrn` p`rte ge b` skjf`jfuacutea Espicircrft` ge T`beajf` Hkl`r Dr`-

terak jtu`bneate es vfjepresfgeat` ge b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb`

Bkb` L`rjicirc`

re`bfz`r eajueatrks fatera`jfka`bes Ykr este nktfvk `genagraves gebfateatk ge jebemr`jfuacutea geb eajueatrk ge Tfea` ea 08lt5 tàtk b`]evfst` Espfrftfst` ge M`rjebka` jknk ` jkatfau`jfuacutea Eb JrfterfkEspfrftfst` expkaicircà b` jkaveafeajf` ge jebemr`r b` ExpksfjfuacuteaEspfrftfst` ge Dfb`gebff` jkfajfgfeagk jka b` Expksfjfuacutea Uafvers`bque se jebemr`ricirc` ea 08lt4 ea gfjh` jfug`g Estks eajueatrksffa`bneate ak pugferka ser ua` re`bfg`g y `sicirc eb prfner JkalreskFatera`jfka`b Espfrftfst` tuvk bul`r ea 0888 ea M`rjebka` p`r`b`v`r ge este nkgk b` nàjh` geb ùtk ge de que h`micirc` teafgkbul`r ea b` Jfug`geb` eb nfsnk bul`r ea que se jebemr`m` hkr`b` Expksfjfuacutea Uafvers`b gfjhk eajueatrk `jugferka nagraves ge=999 perska`s

B` FF ]epoacutembfj` Espèthkb` (060-066) supusk ua `npbfk`vàje geb espfrftfsnk Ea eb T Jkalresk Espfrftfst` Fatera`jfka bque auev`neate se jebemruacute ea M`rjebka` geb 0 `b 09 geseptfenmre ge 067 b`s ùtkrfg`ges tàtk geb `yuat`nfeatk

jknk ge b` Leaer`bft`t bk `pky`rka ge nàer` gejfgfg` Eb`bj`bge ge M`rjebka` J`rbes Yf f Zuayer (E]J) `genagraves gejeger eb Y`b`jfk ge Yrkyejjfkaes kdrejfuacute ua` rejepjfuacutea ea eb`yuat`nfeatk bks jkalresfst`s

Eb presfgeate ge b` Leaer`bft`t Bbuicircs Jknpàys ak pugk`sfstfr ` b` faùlur`jfuacutea geb jkalresk fatera`jfka`b perk eavfuacuteea represeat`jfuacutea `b gfput`gk n`geu Jkbbgedkras (E]J)que se expres`m` `sicirc `b ffa`b ge su `bkjujfuacutea ` bks jkalresfst`s3laquoMfeaveafgks seagravefs ea auestr` tferr` y Gfks h`l` que pkgagravefsjkaselufr lràges vfjtkrf`s geatrk ge este j`npk ge estugfk yexperfneat`jfuacutea tà v`stk y que estks trfuadks ks d`jfbftea b` b`mkrge enàjfp`jfuacutea espfrftu`b ge b` Hunàfg`g Vk ks ùlurk estkstrfuadks pkrque v`fs `jknpèth`gks ge b` jfeajf` que ks pernfteeb jkatrkb y genkstr`jfuacutea ge estks deauacuteneaks espfrftfst`s jka juy`genkstr`jfuacutea jfeaticircffj` pkgraeligfs `bjàz`r b` vfjtkrf` `mskbut` gevuestrks fge`bes y ge b`s hunàft`rf`s `spfr`jfkaes jka b`s queprkjuragravefs bujh`r jkatr` b` fagfdereajf` ge bks hknmresiquest

Ea b` gkjuneat`g` kmr` Jks f revkbujfuacute geb skjfuacutebklkLer`rg Hkrt` se rejkle que ea 06=6 ea b` j`s` geb duturkpresfgeate Jknpàys teaicircà bul`r reuafkaes negfoacutenafj`sV `sfnfsnk que ea bks prfnerks èthks ge b` pkstluerr` eab` jagraverjeb Nkgebk ge M`rjebka` bbea` ge presks à`rqufst`s yjknuafst`s t`nmfaeliga h`micirc` reuafkaes ge espfrftfst`s ea b`sjebg`s V es que ea estks tfenpks eb nkvfnfeatk kmrerk y eb

espfrftfsnk fmà ge b` nàkEb espfrftfsnk se exteagfuacute `npbf`neate eatre b`s j`p`s

pkpub`res pese ` bks `t`ques ge b` flbesf` j`tuacutebfj` pkr suprkpuest` ge ua` espfrftu`bfg`g r`zka`g` sfa gkln`s af jubtksjeatr`g` ea b` dr`terafg`g uafvers`b Ea p`b`mr`s ge Hkrt`se exteagfuacute jknk laquorebflfuacutea b`fj` àtfùtkrft`rf` flu`bft`rf` yskjf`bfz`gkr` geb fge`b super fkr geb mfea jkbejtfvkiquest W`nmfaeliga t bjknk expres`m` Nflueb Tfves ea eb Jkalresk ge 0673 laquoY`r`bks espfrftfst`s b` p`trf` es eb nuagk y b` d`nfbf` b` hunàfg`giquestEb espfrftfsnk due ua nkvfnfeatk skjf`b gfaagravenfjk y bfmert`gkrge t`b eaverl`gur` ea b`s prfner`s gaeligj`g`s geb sflbk XX quesuacutebk b` mrut`b represfuacutea ` p`rtfr ge 066 jka dusfb`nfeatks yexpkbfks bklruacute sfbeajf`rbk guràte gaeligj`g`s

Guràte b` luerr` jfvfb bluaks lrupks espfrftfst`s sfluferkareuafaeligagkse perk b` n`ykricirc` se duerka gfskbvfeagk pkr jùs`ge b` luerr` y pkr presfkaes pkbicirctfj`s t`b jknk nuestrà b`s

`jt`s geb jeatrk espfrftfst` ‒B` Terg`g pkr b` Jfeajf`bdquo ge Cunfbb`jre`gk eb == ge eaerk ge 06= y extfalufgk eb =0 ge eaerkge 066 Ea su `jt` ge gfskbujfuacutea se rejklicirc` este reveb`gkrg`tk laquoseloacutea auestr` deger`jfuacutea se h`bbà gfsuebt`s (tkt`bneatej`sf) tkg`s b`s `skjf`jfkaes deger`g`s gesge que est`bbuacute ebnkvfnfeatk revkbujfka`rfk ea Espèth` perk pkr presfuacutea ge bksrevkbujfka`rfks ge gfvers`s fge`siquest Jka nktfvk ge b` gfskbujfuacuteage este jeatrk espfrftfst` t`b jknk rejklicircà sus est`tutks se`jkrguacute que bks dkagks se gestfa`sea eadernks ge b` bkj`bfg`gGe este nkgk se h`jicirc` edejtfv` ua` ge b`s nagravexfn`s gebespfrftfsnk ‒Duer` ge b` j`rfg`g ak h`y s`bv`jfuacuteabdquo eateagfg` b`j`rfg`g jknk `nkr dr`terak

Jka eb ffa`b ge b` luerr` jfvfb ea 066 y eb trfuadkge b` gfjt`gur` nfbft`r eb espfrftfsnk jknk eb restk gebpeas`nfeatk ak `dejtk `b auevk raeliglfnea tkt`bft`rfk dueprkhfmfgk y perselufgk Eb espfrftfsnk p`suacute ` b` jbàgestfafg`g

nujhks jeatrks hfstuacuterfjks se jerr`rka y su gkjuneat`jfuacuteadue kjubt`g` gestrufg` k fajùt`g` Bks gkjuneatks ge

b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb` juy` sege est`m` ea esksnkneatks ea M`rjebka` y ge `bluaks jeatrks espfrftfst`sduerka expkbf`gks eajkatragraveagkse jtu`bneate gepksft`gks eaeb Jeatrk Gkjuneat`b ge b` Nenkrf` Hfstuacuterfj` ge Z`b`nàj`Zericirc` ge custfjf` que bks gkjuneatks vkbvferà ` sus belicirctfnksprkpfet`rfks estk es ` `quebb`s fastftujfkaes que bks leaer`rkak rejfmferka ea este j`sk ` b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircr ft` Espèthkb`

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Guràte b` prfner` belfsb`tur` ge b`sJkrtes Jkastftuyeates se preseatuacute uaèanfeag` ea vfrtug ge b` ju`b ebespfrftfsnk dkrn`ricirc` p`rte ge b`sn`terf`s que se gem`ticircà ea eb prkyejtkge redkrn` ge b` prfner` y seluagèaseethàz` sicirc jknk ge b`s uafversfg`ges



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Eb jkajeptk ge ‒nkvfnfeatk skjf`bbdquo surle ` negf`gksgeb sflbk XFX p`r` g`r aknmre ` b`s nkvfbfz`jfkaes ge b`jb`se kmrer` uafg` p`r` gedeager b` tràsdkrn`jfuacutea ge ua`skjfeg`g m`s`g` ea b` gesflu`bg`g ge jb`ses eb bujrk ge uakspkjks prfvfbelf`gks fateres`gks ea dkneat`r b` nfserf` eameaeffjfk ge b` prkpfeg`g prfv`g` y b`s `bfàz`s ge b` flbesf`j`tuacutebfj` `b servfjfk geb pkger ejkauacutenfjk

Gesge prfajfpfks geb sflbk XFX se fafjf` ea Falb`terr` uaprkjesk ge fagustrf`bfz`jfuacutea que se exteageragrave pkr tkgk ebpbàet` gàgk fafjfk b` ]evkbujfuacutea Fagu strf`b B` fatrkgujjfuacuteage b` nagravequfa` ge v`pkr ea b`s dagravemrfj`s textfbes `sicirc jknk bùtfbfz`jfuacutea ge bks gesjumrfnfeatks jfeaticircffjks y `vàjes tejakbuacutelfjks ` gfspksfjfuacutea ge b` fagustr f` b` j`pft`bfz`jfuacutea y b`pkbicirctfj` `mskbutfst` h`jea que b` estrujtur` ge b` skjfeg`g se tràsdkrne h`st` jkaskbfg`rse eb sfsten` j`pft `bfst`

Ea Espèth` b` fagustrf`bfz`jfuacutea es beat` perk sus edejtksska gev`st`gkres B`s `v`bàjh`s nflr`tkrf`s ge j`npesfaks `b`s jfug`ges ea musj` ge tr`m`ck `s`b`rf`gk y hkl`r gflak `sicircjknk b` paeligrgfg` prklresfv` geb tr`m`ck `rtesà`b sumstftufgkpkr eb ges`rrkbbk fagustrf`b leaerà b` jre`jfuacutea ge puestks ge tr`m`ck gkage eb tr`m`c`gkr es expbkt`gk y sus jkagfjfkaes gevfg` ska nfser`mbes

Eb Gr Jfrf`jk ]ufz kffjf`b geb Jkaseck ge Zàfg`g geb]efak jka nktfvk ge b` eb`mkr`jfuacutea geb jeask ge pkmb`jfuacuteagesjrfme ea eb Yrfner Jkalresk Naeliggfjk Espèthkb jebemr`gkea N`grfg ea 0847 b` sftu`jfuacutea ge b` n`ykricirc` ge bks kmrerksea b`s jfug`ges3

laquo ea h`mft`jfkaes nfser`mbes y regujfg`s eajkatragraveagkseh`jfa`g`s b`s d`nfbf`s d`btagraveagkbes ak y` eb skb b` buz quees eb prfajfp`b esticircnubk ge b` vfg` sfak h`st` eb pà gebks pubnkaes eb `fre aejes`rfk p`r` respfr`r () nurfeagk

pren`tur`neate pkr eb exjesk ge j`bkr k dricirck b` huneg`g ygeterfkrk ge p`reges y p`vfneatksiquest

Wkgk ebbk cuatk jka b`s luerr`s j`rbfst`s prkvkj` eatre b`jb`se kmrer` b` aejesfg`g ge `skjf`rse p`r` aelkjf`r jka bksfagustrf`bes ckra`g`s b`mkr`bes nagraves regujfg`s (tr`m`cà eatre07 y 08 hkr`s gf`rf`s jka ua gicirc` destfvk senà`b) s`b`rfks yjkagfjfkaes ge vfg` gflaks `sicirc jknk b` `mkbfjfuacutea geb tr`m`ckfadàtfb (` p`rtfr ge bks 4 èthks e fajbusk ge neakr eg`g bksafethks tr`m`c`mà ckra`g`s b`mkr`mbes eater`s m`ck eb tr`tkjrueb ge bks j`p`t`jes y ea eb eatkrak rur`b estagravea kmbfl`gks` j`nfa`r ge 09 ` 0= ofbuacutenetrks h`st` b`s dagravemrfj`s t`bberes ynfa`s gkage tr`m`cà)

ate t`bes genàg`s bks fagustrf`bes se `bicircà jka eblkmferak y eb pkger ejbesfagravestfjk p`r` pbfj`r negfg`s represfv`sbel`bes que jkhicircmà eb gesek a`jfeate ge tràsdkrn`jfuacutea B`

bujh` bbel` ` ser sàlrfeat` ea nujh`s kj`sfkaes perk ak h`yvuebt` `tragraves b` jb`se kmrer` estagrave gejfgfg` ` refvfagfj`r neckr`sskjf`bes que gflafffquea su exfsteajf` A`je jka duerz` uaseatfnfeatk ge perteaeajf` que se jkaskbfg` jka b` jre`jfuacuteage `skjf`jfkaes sfagfj`tks y jeatrks jubtur`bes que dkneatàb` `bd`metfz`jfuacutea ge nuceres y afethks b` `yug` nutu` b`s `rtesb`s jfeajf`s eb seatfgk jricirctfjk y eb gfagravebklk

Ea este jbfn` revkbujfka`rfk surle ea Dràjf` ebEspfrftfsnk ` rìcircz ge b` pumbfj`jfuacutea ea 085lt ge Eb Bfmrk geBks Espicircrftus Gks èthks gespuaeligs Cksaelig Nordf Deraagraveagez Jkb`vfg` tr`guje `b j`stebbàk b`s kmr`s ge bbà O`rgej gfduagfaeligagk b`spkr tkg` b` peaicircasub` y tferr`s ge h`mb` hfspà`


D`jfbft`gkr` ge Mfkgàz` y Eguj`gkr` Mfkjaeligatrfj utkgfg`jt` ea jkas-tàte `preagfz ce Esjrftkr Jk-duag`gkr` geb Jeatre Espicircrft` n bfGknfalk Zkber ge M`rjebka

EB EZYF]FWFZNKJKNK NKTFNFEAWK

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B` jkajbusfuacutea tkn`g` ea gfjhk Jkalresk es que ge b` re`bfg`g que fnpk-ae eb prkjesk ge expbkt`jfuacutea j`pft`bfst` surle eb jkajeptk ge ‒eaderneg`gskjf`bbdquo reb`jfka`g` gfrejt`neate jka eb r`quftfsnk esjrkdubfsnk y tfsfs prk-gujfeagk ebev`g`s t`s`s ge nkrt`bfg`g

Guràte nujhk tfenpk se jreyuacute h`mer

hejhk m`stàte gfduagfeagk b` fastrujjfuacutea

perk b` fastrujjfuacutea sfa b` easeethàz` nkr`b

es fnpkteate y estaeligrfb Es prejfsk àtes que

a`g` h`jer geb afethk ua hknmre

- ua hknmre que jknpreag` sus gemeres

y jkakzj` sus gerejhks

(Jrfstfàfsnk y Espfrftfsnk

j`picirctubk XF - Beuacutea Geafs)

Geme autrfrse eb jkr`zuacutea fadàticircb

jka b` jreeajf` jka b` mkag`g jka b`

esperàz` y jka b` de ea Gfks(Eb Jkaskb`gkr - Ennàueb preluat` 00)

Eb afethk es b` senfbb` que esper`

eb ckvea es eb j`npk dejuagk

eb `gubtk es b` jksejh` ea prkgujjfuacutea

Zeloacutea se` b` j`bfg`g ge b` senfbb`

`sicirc seragrave b` jksejh`bdquo (Neas`ce geb Espicircrftu nebf` ]kgrflues

Bfmrk Wer`paeligutfj` ge Urleajf` Gfv`bgk Dràjk)

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Ea 08lt0 suacutebk gkje èthks gespuaeligs que bbel`rà ` Espèth`bks textks ge O`rgej bks espfrftfst`s prkjb`nà poacutembfj`neatepkr tkgk eb terrftkrfk espèthkb b` ffa`bfg`g que musjà3 re`bfz`rb` redkrn` skjf`b negfàte b` redkrn` geb fagfvfguk raquo Juacutenk tr`vaeligs geb naeligtkgk

B` negfunafg`g es b` herr`nfeat` ge prkp`làg` perksfa naeligtkgk enpicircrfjk pebflr` su ges`rrkbbk

Ea b` ]evfst` ge Estugfks Ysfjkbuacutelfjks ge eaerk ge 08lt4 Cksep rrud`t gfje `b respejtk3

laquoEs prejfsk ak gec`raks bbev`r pkr b`s fnpresfkaes gebnkneatk y ak `gnftfr bks hejhks sfa ua prevfk ex`neage ebbks (hellip) Netkgfzaelignks pues y `sicirc (hellip) evft`renks ebfajurrfr ea ex`ler`jfkaes y `msurgks ea b` prkp`làg` geauestr`s jreeajf`s que enpfezà ` ser skbfjft`g`s pkr bksgesealèth`gks que ak ska pkjks(hellip) Ak kbvfgenks que bks espicircrftus tr`m`cà sfa jes`r pkrauestrk mfea jkkperenks jka auestr`s duerz`s que oacutea quegaeligmfbes aks p`rezjà pkgerks`s seragravea sf jka naeligtkgk b`senpbe`nksiquest

Eb neas`ce que tràsnftea b`s vkjes ge per ska`s jknuaespkr b`s que h`mbà bks espicircrftus prkjb`nà b` redkrn` nkr`b yskjf`b ` p`rtfr ge jkajeptks jknk j`rfg`g y `nkr `b pruacutecfnk

resj`t`gks ge bks `musks y nàfpub`jfkaes geb j`tkbfjfsnky resflafffj`gks ea su verg`gerk seatfgk s`lr`gk b nfsnk tfenpk fajftà ` b` jknprkm`jfuacutea experfneat`b b` favestfl`jfuacutear`jfka`b y `b seatfgk jricirctfjk geb deauacuteneak negfoacutenafjk ysu jkateafgk Est` favft`jfuacutea `b estugfk y b` favestfl`jfuacuteafnpbfj` ` b` pkmb`jfuacutea kmrer` à`bd`met` ` `preager ` beer yesjrfmfr es gejfr d`jfbft`rbes eb prkjesk ge redkrn` faterfkr y tkn`r respkas`mfbfg`ges àte b` vfg` (fagfvfgu`b y jkbejtfv`)jkastruyeagk `sicirc eb nuagk ea eb que querenks vfvfr

B` prkpuest` espfrftfst` pernfte `bfàz`s jka ktrksnkvfnfeatks skjf`bes ge b` aeligpkj` `ffaes ` su prkpuacutesftk sicircà`rqufst`s n`skaes sfagfj`bfst`s skjf`bfst`s sunà sus duerz`sp`r` fnpubs`r b` tràsdkrn`jfuacutea skjf`b tr`vaeligs ge ua v`stk tecfgk`skjf`tfvk ea dkrn` ge jeatea`res ge jeatrks espfrftfst`s0 jkamfmbfktej` jebemr`jfuacutea ge jtks jubtur`bes y ge reexfuacutea pkbicirctfj`jeatrks eguj`tfvks b`fjks skjfeg`ges ge skjkrrk jkkper`tfv`s

j`s`s ge jubtur` jkasubtkrfks lr`tuftks ge negfjfa` a`tur`b ymfkeaerlaeligtfj` y pumbfj`jfkaes gkage eb puembk tfeae b` p`b`mr`

H`y faauner`mbes nèstrks espfrftfst`s ea fastftutks yesjueb`s b`fj`s y ea tkg`s b`s jb`ses skjf`bes pregknfaàgk b`kmrer` Ze jueatà ` jeatea`res b`s pumbfj`jfkaes espfrftfst`sea eb pìcircs Nujh`s ge ebb`s sudrea eb jferre pkr b`s ùtkrfg`gesperk vuebvea ` b` j`bbe jka ktrks aknmres sfa gec`r ge g`r vkz`b puembk ` bks espicircrftus ` hknmres y nuceres que refvfagfjàb` revkbujfuacutea skjf`b y pkbicirctfj` ` p`rtfr ge b` redkrn` faterfkr tknàgk jknk ecenpbk `b nèstrk a`z`reak Cesoacutes

W`b es b` duerz` geb nkvfnfeatk espfrftfst` que eb èthk 08ltea b`s jkrtes jkastftuyeates geb lkmferak espèthkb ge b` Yrfn er`]epoacutembfj`= bks gfput`gks espfrftfst`s C A v`rrete L`rjicirc`Buacutepez B Meaicirctez ge Bulk N Jkrjh`gk N ]egkagk h`jeaua` eanfeag` ` b` Bey ge Eguj`jfuacutea (ticirctubk FF `rt sup3 pagraverr`dksup3) p`r` fatrkgujfr eb estugfk geb Espfrftfsnk ea b` easeethàz`negf` y superfkr custfffjàgk b` effj`jf` ge b` gkjtrfa` eajuàtk ` b` redkrn` nkr`b ge b` skjfeg`g Ea b` eanfeag` se`gcuat` eb ‒Yrklr`n` ge ua jursk ebeneat`b ge espfrftfsnkbdquogkage se eajueatrà akjfkaes ge jksnkbklicirc` àtrkpkbklicirc`jksnklr`dicirc` jknp`r`g` ua tr`t`gk skmre b` pbur`bfg`g genuagks h`mft`gks bks jkajeptks ge espicircrftu y eaj`ra`jfuacuteab` tekricirc` geb prklresk bks duag`neatks ge b` tekricirc` y nkr`b

espfrftfst` eb fge`b skjf`b hunàk y eb ges`rrkbbk geb espfrftfsnkexperfneat`b B`s jfrjuastàjf`s pkbicirctfj`s geb nkneatk fnpfgeab` re`bfz`jfuacutea ge b` fafjf`tfv`=

Eb Espfrftfsnk se nuestr` p`r` b`s jb`ses pkpub`resjknk ua n`rjk redereajf`b que s`tfsd`je aejesfg`ges skjf`besduag`neat`bes y t`nmfaeliga jknk b` pruem` jfeaticircffj` p`r`jknpreager b` s`jr`bfg`g ge b` vfg` y auestr` respkas`mfbfg`gàte ebb` Ykr esk ak es ge extrèth`r que se prkjb`n`rà

espfrftfst`s perska`s jknk Enfbfk J`steb`r -presfgeate ebejtkge b` Yrfner` ]epoacutembfj` espèthkb`- eb jrfnfa`bfst` ft`bfàkJes`re Bknmrksk eb ffbuacuteskdk `benagravea r thur Zjhkpeahùer eb`struacuteaknk J`nfbbe Db`nn`rfka eb a`tur`bfst` bdreg `bb`je C`jfat Terg`luerhellip fajbusk b` p rfner` espks` geb presfgeateBbuicircs Jknpàys ge b` Leaer`bft`t ge J`t`buay` B` bfst` es tàexteas` jknk gesjkakjfg`

Ea eb agravenmftk ge b` bfmer`jfuacutea ge b` nucer eb Espfrftfsnk`jtoacute` jka lrà rktuagfg`g O`rgej gfje àtes ge nkrfr3 laquosehà ge nkgfffj`r ge pfes j`mez` b`s belfsb`jfkaes ge bks est`gksp`r` jkas`lr`r b` flu`bg`g pbea` y `mskbut` ge gerejhks eatrehknmre y nucer se hà ge `mkbfr bks prfvfbelfks b` enàjfp`jfuacuteage b` nucer sflue eb j`nfak geb prklresk y su esjb`vftug es b`m`rm`rfeiquest Ea este seatfgk b` espfr ftfst` n`bf` Gknfalk Zkberb` à`rqufst` Weres` Jb`r`nuat y b` n`ska` Buacutepez ge y`b`jreà ea 0886 b` Zkjfeg`g utuacuteakn` ge Nucer ge M`rjebka `b` prfner` `skjf`jfuacutea espèthkb` gegfj`g` ` b` bfmer`jfuacutea geb` nucer y gfrflfg` pkr nuceres Ze est`mbeje ea eb m`rrfkgeb ]`v`b eb nagraves pkmre ge b` jfug`g y sus `jtfvfg`ges ska3pumbfj`jfuacutea ge bfmrks revfst`s kpoacutesjubks jebemr`jfuacutea gegem`tes y jkadereajf`s jre`jfuacutea ge prkyejtks p`r` kdrejer tr`m`ck y hkl`r ` nuceres sfa negfks ejkauacutenfjks `teajfuacutea` bks hfcks nfeatr`s b`s n`gres p`rtfjfpà ea bks gem`tes yjb`ses B`s skjf`s puegea `jjeger lr`tuft`neate ` b`s jb`sesakjtura`s geb Dkneatk ge Fastrujjfuacutea Bfmre

Nujh`s perska`s p`rtfjfp`rka ge b` re`bfz`jfuacutea ge bklrkssflafffj`tfvks que hky jkasfger`nks kmvfks perk que ea sunkneatk duerka gedeagfgks jka b` prkpf` vfg` Ckra`g`sb`mkr`bes ge 8 hkr`s se jkasfluferka jka sàlre ge hknmresy nuceres v`bfeates que gedeagferka eb gerejhk ` ser y exfstfrgfla`neate eb gerejhk ` vktk ge b`s nuceres y ` b` flu`bg`gge laeligaerk b` bfmert`g ge jregk b` eguj`jfuacutea b`fj` y pkpub`rbks n`trfnkafks jfvfbes eatferrks y mùtfzks jfvfbes eb gerejhk`b `skjf`jfkafsnk ea gedeas` ge bks gesprktelfgks b` jubtur`

y eb `rte pkpub`r sàfg`g p`r` tkgks gerejhk ge bks fadàtes`mkbfjfuacutea ge b`s `rn`s ua `sicirc ea bks bfmrks ge textk geesjueb`s y uafversfg`ges eb Espfrftfsnk es eb lrà ùseate eaeb prkjesk ge tràsdkrn`jfuacutea ge b` skjfeg`g ge b` que hkysknks heregerks

Eb sfbeajfk `b que h` sfgk sknetfgk eb Espfrftfsnk eaEurkp` es drutk ge b` fnpksfmfbfg`g ge fatelr`r su prkpuest` `

ua sfsten` m`s`gk ea b` `nmfjfuacutea y b` expbkt`jfuacutea pkr p`rtege bks lkmferaks y b` cer`rquicirc` v`tfjà` Ler`rg Hkrt` gfje3laquoB` kpksfjfuacutea ge b` jubtur` espfrftfst` -ea ju`bfg`g ge jubtur`sum`btera`- respejtk ` bks redereates gknfaàtes ` su tfenpkjkavferte `b Espfrftfsnk ea ua nkvfnfeatk sumversfvk `teagfeagk` b` fnpksfmfbfg`g pkr p`rte geb pkger ge fatelr`rbkiquest

Flbesf` j`tuacutebfj` y lkmferak becks ge servfr `b puembk tuvferka que prkhfmfr reuafkaes espfrftfst`s s us jeatrks suspumbfj`jfkaes su vkz p`r` nàteaer ese est`gk bb`n`gk ge‒mfeaest`rbdquo `b que sfluea sfrvfeagk perk b` verg`ger` hfstkrf`ge b` tràsdkrn`jfuacutea skjf`b y b` jkaqufst` ge `bloacutea lr`gk geprklresk y custfjf` skjf`b ak puege eateagerse sfa b` preseajf`geb Espfrftfsnk h`st` b` `p`reate vfjtkrf` geb tkt`bft`rfsnk eaeb èthk 066

B` preluat` es raquoguacuteage se eajueatr` `hkr` eb Espfrftfsnk

0 Y Zagraveajhez f Derraelig ea su bfmrk B` nìgravekaerf` ea b` skjfet`t j`t`bà` geb selbe XX (Eg 4= 066 pagravel =5) h`je neajfuacutea b` re`bfg`g espfrftfst` ge 08lt7 gf-jfeagk ‒ak h`y afaloacutea m`rrfk m`rjebkaaeligs af afaloacutea puembk ge bks bregegkresgkage ak se eajueatre ua` eatfg`g espfrftfst`bdquo Est` re`bfg`g se extfeage b

tkgk eb terrftkrfk espèthkb= Hkrt` Ler`rg Jks f revkbujfuacute Bespfrftfsne j`t beacute k bes p`r gkxes ge b` nk-geraft`t Egfjfkaes 0687 =997

Yere Zagraveajhez ea su bfmrk Bks kricircleaes geb denfafsnk ea J`t`bueth`3 08lt9-06=4 seeth`b` que es eb Espfrftfsnk eb que fnpubs` eb nkvfnfeatk denfafst` ea J`-

t`bueth` y ak `b revaeligs

()se prkjb`n`rà espfrftfst`s perska`sjknk Enfbfk J`steb`r -presfgeate ebejtkge b` Yrfner` ]epoacutembfj` espèthkb`- ebjrfnfa`bfst` ft`bfàk Jes`re Bknmrkskeb ffbuacuteskdk `benagravea rthur Zjhkpeahùereb struacuteaknk J`nfbbe Db`nn`rfkaeb a`tur`bfst` bdreg `bb`je C`jfatTerg`luerhellip



=4 =lt]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull GE B LUE]] JFTFB AUEZW]KZ GIcircZ GE B LUE]] JFTFB AUEZW]KZ GIcircZ bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

GE B LUE]] JFTFB AUEZW]KZ GIcircZ

B` Luerr` Jfvfb Espèthkb` (064-066) `j`muacutejka b` Eg`g ge Yb`t` ge b`s Jfeajf`s y rtes espèthkb`sB` gesnenmr`jfuacutea geb lrupk pkaeligtfjk geb =lt eb ffa ge b`sbfmert`ges fatebejtu`bes b` hkr` geb yulk fgekbuacutelfjk `zktuacute Èspèth` guràte j`sf 79 ethks

Ea ua pìcircs krejfeate gkage eb Yrenfk Akmeb (0694) ge

]`nuacutea y J`c`b h`jicirc` gespert`r b` `bet`rl`g` jfeajf` espèthkb`jka eb nuagk ge b`s betr`s per nftfaeligagkse eb buck ge geakst`reb Akmeb ge Bfter`tur` ` Ejhel`r`y pkr ak jkasfger`rbe gflakge t`b jka bmaeligafz D`bb` Lrà`gks y Wagraverrel` pkr neajfka`r` `bluaks ebevàgk b` j`telkricirc` nusfj`b ` prfnericircsfn` j`bfg`gy pkpub`rfg`g r`slks gfdicircjfbes ge ùa`r gkage gr`n`turlksjknk C`jfatk Mea`veate rejfaeliga estrea`gk su Yrenfk Akmebge Bfter`tur` (06=0) pkaicirc` skmre b`s t`mb`s su kmr` Nagraves `bbagravege b` nuerte jka jb`rks lufethks `b Espfrftfsnk k venks ` uaT`bbe-Fajbagravea `sfstfr jurfksk ` ua` ge b`s favestfl`jfkaes geJes`re Bknmrksk jka b` naeliggfun Eus`pf` Y`b`gfak

Eb Espfrftfsnk ak er` `blk gesjkakjfgk Espèth` er`b` prfner` pkteajf` ea jàtfg`g ge `geptks re`bfzagraveagkseauev`neate ea ebb` eb Jkalresk Nuagf`b ea 067 Eb nuagkgeb peas`nfeatk t`nmfaeliga aks ktkrl`m` m`bu`rtes tà prejb`rksjknk Cksaelig Krtel` y L`sset y N`ricirc` S`nmràk ate estekrejfeate pàkr`n` geb peas`nfeatk jre`gkr ea emubbfjfuacuteauaks mrusjks jerterks y hkrrfpfbàtes gfsp`rks sfelà eb

t`beatk ge L`rjicirc` Bkrj` exfbfà ` Zeverk Kjhk` hkrrkrfzà` Y`mbk Aerug` y h`jea exjb`n`r ` Jaeligs`r T`bbeck su pken`‒Espèth` `p`rt` ge nicirc este jagravebfzbdquo Nujhks duerka dusfb`gksktrks eaj`rjeb`gks Eb exfbfk due eb neaoacute que nujhks tuvferkaque falerfr B` oacuteafj` rebflfuacutea `gnftfg` due eb j`tkbfjfsnk y eaeb `dagravea àtf-n`suacutea geb Leaer`b Dràjk nujhks espfrftfst`sduerka eaj`rjeb`gks g`g`s b`s vfajub`jfkaes que ea bksoacutebtfnks tfenpks exfsticircà eatre `nmks nkvfnfeatks

Gesge 066 h`st` 06lt8 èthk ge b` Jkastftujfuacutea Espèthkbèa b`s bfges espfrftfst`s se jerafuacute ua nàtk nuy ksjurk y

tupfgk eb nagraves hkagk ge bks sfbeajfks hfzk su nebb` Ju`bqufernàfdest`jfuacutea poacutembfj` equfv`bicirc` p`bf z` y presfgfk Bks jeatrksqueg`rka jbùsur`gks b` preas` espicircrft` suspeagfg` y tkg`pumbfj`jfuacutea prkhfmfg` Bks bfmrks duerka `teskr`gks jka ebnagravexfnk rejebk ea bul`res sejretks p`r` ak ser h`bb`gks y b`sreuafkaes jknk sf ge b` aeligpkj` ge b`s j`t`junm`s se tr`t`r`se h`jicircà ea eb nagraves `mskbutk rejklfnfeatk y j`sf sfenpre ead`nfbf`

Est` aeligpkj` due sknmricirc` ea nujhks seatfgks Eb Espfrftfsnkse nestfzuacute jka pragravejtfj`s prkpf`s ge b` jubtur` pkpub`r jka ebjuràgerfsnk b gec`r ge exfstfr ua uacuterlàk deger`tfvk nujhksaknmres erà kbvfg`gks nujhks bfmrks fajknpreagfgks

nujh`s pragravejtfj`s gfstkrsfka`g`s nujhks naeliggfuns sudrferkab` fnpksfmfbfg`g ge jknpreager j`m`bneate y jka uanaeligtkgk seas`tk eb pkrquaelig ge su perjepjfuacutea extr`seaskrf`b yseasfmfbfg`g jujf`g`

Nfeatr`s b ktrk b`gk geb tbagraveatfjk ea Mr`sfb eb Espfrftfsnk tkn`m` eb rebevk y nujhks duturks espicircrft`s espèthkbes òacuteasfa s`merbk se fafjf`mà `bbicirc p`r` gespuaeligs vkbver ` senmr`r easu p`trf` b`s senfbb`s que bk h`ricircà rea`jer

Jaeligs`r Mklk aks a`rr` ea su mfklr`dicirc` skmre n`bf`Gknfalk Zkber que fateatuacute pkr `quebbks èthks (0646)jkat`jt`r jka espicircrft`s espèthkbes p`r` s`mer geb p`r`gerkge b` tunm` ge b` pketfs` y gfvubl`gkr` espicircrft` h`bbàgkrespuest`s t`bes jknk3 laquoEa redereajf` ` b` tunm` ge b`hernà` geseaj`ra`g` n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber aks eajkatr`nksflakràtes pkr jknpbetk ge su umfj`jfuacuteahellip ebbk jkastftuye ua`verg`ger` verlograveeaz` pkr tkgks bks que perteaejenks ` bÙafg`g ge b` Bey Uafvers`biquest Zfeagk Bey Uafvers`b eb sfauacuteafnkge Espfrftfsnk pues t`b er` eb nfegk que sf `blua` vezeavf`mà ua` revfst` ` Espèth` bes pegicircà que b` eavkbvferàmfea kjubtàgk eb ticirctubk ge b` n`terf` He `quicirc eb ecenpbkge bk gfjhk3 laquoEb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` sflue prkhfmfgk (pese` b` bfmert`g ge jubtk prknubl`g` ea eb Jkajfbfk T`tfjàk FF)Ea b` j`s` que veà reuafkaes `sfgu`s v` b` pkbfjicirc` y se bksbbevà tkgks geteafgks Jka lrà pes`r henks ge jknuafj`rbesque ea este pìcircs se `vejfaà tfenpks nuy sknmricircks puegeapercugfj`raks perska`bneate pkr bk que seragrave jkaveafeate quesuspeagà eb eavicirck ge b` ]evfst` b` que jka lràges tftub`respuegea jknprkneter serf`neate Es ua` d`t`bfg`g que gesge b`Luerr` Jfvfb espèthkb` aks jkakjenks gen`sf`gk y `jtu`bneateeb n`best`r se `jeatoacute` h`jf` ua` pebflrks` jkadusfuacutea jka `dagraveage revàjhìquest

B` tunm` ge n`bf` est`m` justkgf`g` pkr Geth` Jkajhft`Jkav`bf` M`bbester hfc` ge Geth` np`rftk qufea duer` naeliggfuny `nfl` ge b` esjrftkr` Lr`jf`s ` ebb` Mr`sfb pugk eavf`r ua`pb`j` jkanenkr`tfv` gkage se beicirc` ‒Hknea`len gk Mr`sfbbdquoak pugfeagk èth`gfr b` p`b`mr` Espfrftfsnk b d`bbejer Geth`Jkajhft` tkgks bks gkjuneatks y easeres que pkseicirc` gen`bf` duerka bel`gks pkr test`neatk ` Jaeligs`r Mklk àteb` lr`t` skrpres` geb favestfl`gkr pues selur`neate aeligb s`mricirc`g`rbes neckr usk y v`bkr que `quebb` Espèth` gesfert` y yern`p`r` b`s jkavfjjfkaes espfrftfst`s

Ea b` gaeligj`g` ge bks lt9 v`rfks ge estks espicircrft`s queàguvferka pkr tferr`s ge Mr`sfb jknfeazà ` re`bfz` r su t`re`ge gfvubl`jfuacutea gàgk sus prfn erks pfaftks pkr jft`r `bluaks

teaenks3 Cksaelig afkrte bj`r`z que tr`s sus vfveajf`s ea


gfjhk pìcircs (a`rr`g`s ea su utkmfklr`dicirc` Hejhks y kmr`s ge ua`vfg`) se jkaveajfuacute ge b` re`bfg`g espicircrft` y jkneazuacute ` egft`rb`s kmr`s m`se que gesge eatkajes rep`rte lr`tuft`neateea espejf`b b`s que `lrupà bks `rticircjubks ge n`bf` eajkb`mkr`jfuacutea jka su lrupk ‒B` Buz geb J`nfakbdquoge Krfhueb`B` fasksb`y`mbe fflur` ge ]`dèb Lkazagravebez Nkbfa` (06=9-=995) verg`gerk `g`bfg ge b` bel`bfz`jfuacutea geb Espfrftfsnkea Espèth` bklràgk jkastftufr b` `jtu`b Deger`jfuacutea EspicircrftÈspèthkb` (DEE) ea 0687 ge b` que due presfgeate h`st` 066lt

tr`yeagk ` Espèth` b`s fflur`s nagraves rebevàtes geb nkneatkjknk3 Gfv`bgk Yerefr` Dràjk Cuà atkafk Guràte k ]òacutebWexefr` sfeagk t`nmfaeliga duag`gkr geb ‒Jeatrk ge Estugfksy Gfvubl`jfuacutea Espicircrft`bdquo (JEVGE) ge N`grfg ea 06lt8 Ktrkperska`ce nuy querfgk y que nàtuvk eb Espfrftfsnk vfvkguràte tkg` b` gfjt`gur` tàtk ea su jkr`zuacutea jknk easus kmr`s due Nàueb Ujeg` Dbkres (06=-=995) juyk

lrupk ‒Buz Jfeajf` y nkrbdquoge Càeliga pumbfjuacute ua` fateresàtekmr` Gesge b` ktr` vfg` ea gkage se eajueatr` ua` sebejjfuacuteage b`s jknuafj`jfkaes que kmtuvferka ea sus reuafkaesjbàgestfa`s gesge 060 h`st` 06lt6 `m`rjàgk eb pericirckgk`rrfm` neajfka`gk

Ea 0680 tfeae bul`r eb F Jkalresk Espicircrft` A`jfka`bprfner eveatk ge fnpkrtàjf` gesge `queb JkalreskNuagf`b ge 067 Ykjk ` pkjk eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth`jkneazuacute ` s`bfr ge su bet`rlk bks lrupks jkneaz`rka `jkastftufrse y deger`rse b`s reuafkaes jbàgestfa`s ge agravenmftknagraves mfea d`nfbf`r drutk ge bks b`rlks èthks ge prkhfmfjfuacuteadràqufst` gferka bul`r ` eajueatrks jka perska`s gefgaeligatfj`s jkavfjjfkaes ea ua faterj`nmfk jkastrujtfvk yrejkadkrt`gkr b`s revfst`s jkneaz`rka ge auevk su ùleb`s kmr`s espicircrft`s vkbvferka ` jknerjf`bfz`rse ea Espèth` jkakmr`s prkjegeates ge rleatfa` ea espejf`b b` Egftkr` 08ge `mrfb -`hkr` jkakjfg` jknk Duag`jfuacutea Hunàicircstfj` bbàO`rgej (DEHO)- y jka egftkr`s espèthkb`s eatre b`s quepkgenks gest`j`r3 b` Egftkr` Espicircrft` Espèthkb` ge N`grfgduag`g` pkr Lkazagravebez Nkbfa` ea 0685 b` Egftkrf`b nebf`Mkuget ge M`rjebka` k b` Egftkr` bbà O`rgej ge Nagraveb`l`

Ea066= Espèth` jklfuacute ebJkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`bea N`grfg guràte eb ju`b se jreuacute eb JEF (Jkaseck Espicircrft`Fatera`jfka`b) que prknueve b` uafffj`jfuacutea geb nkvfnfeatk

espicircrft` ` afveb nuagf`b Fnpubs`gk pkr este eveatk `b èthksflufeate ea Nkatfbb` (066) jka b` jkb`mkr`jfuacutea geb lrupk‒nkr y Y rklreskbdquo y su presfgeate Cksaelig ge b` Wkrre Beuacutea cuatk` Lkazagravebez Nkbfa` se gfk bul`r ua nfaf jkalresk que n`rjuacuteua àtes y ua gespuaeligs seatàgk b`s m`ses ge bks jkalresksa`jfka`bes que se jkavertfricircà ea ua eveatk àu`b ` p`rtfrge eatkajes Ea =909 se vkbvfuacute ` jebemr`r ua JkalreskEspicircrft` Nuagf`b est` vez ea T`beajf` sfeagk presfgeateZ`bv`gkr N`rticirca Nkr`b qufea ksteat` eb j`rlk gesge eb èthk=999 h`mfeagk est`gk àtes ea eb j`rlk (066lt-=999) ktr`perska` nuy querfg` y respet`g` ea eb espfrftfsnk espèthkbZàtf`lk Leaaelig N`teu `jtu`b presfgeate geb Jeatrk Espicircrft`

Ckàa` ge alebfs ge ]eus (W`rr`lka`)

B` bbel`g` ge Fateraet pernftfuacute tr`snftfr ge ua nkgknagraves gfrejtk b` fadkrn`jfuacutea espicircrft` fajbuyeagk jb`ses pkr jh`ty dkrks ge gfsjusfuacutea pugfaeligagkse gesj`rl`r lr`tuft`neate uasfadicirca ge kmr`s espfrftfst`s gesge b` pagravelfa` kffjf`b ge b` DEE

`blua`s ge b`s ju`bes estagravea gesj`t`bkl`s y ska ua ùtaeligatfjkh`bb`zlk p`r` eb estugfksk genagraves p`r` b` `gqufsfjfuacutea gebfmrks exfste b` rejfaeliga jre`g` Bfmrericirc` Espicircrft` que pksee ebstkjo ge bfmrericirc`s y` extfat`s `genagraves ge b`s auev`s egfjfkaesque và s`bfeagk `b nerj`gk j`stebbàk

Bks lrupks deger`gks hà fgk ùneatàgkprklresfv`neate gesge `queb 0687 jka jkatfaukseajueatrks jh`rb`s sfnpksfks jkalresks relfka`bes egfjfkaesge perfuacutegfjks y jtfvfg`ges ge jknprknfsk skjf`b (b ffa`b geb` revfst` se h`bbà bks jeatrks deger`gks jka su gfrejjfuacutea yen`fb y nujhks ge ebbks pkseea su prkpf` pagravelfa` wem gkagepkgragravea jkakjer sus `jtfvfg`ges y eat`mb`r ua` reb`jfuacutea nagravesgfrejt`)

Eatre b`s noacutebtfpbes pumbfj`jfkaes exfstea gks jtu`bneateque gest`jà pkr su skbfgez3 Eb Agravealeb geb Mfea egft`g` pkr

eb jeatrk ‒Eatre eb Jfebk y b` Wferr`bdquo ge Zà N`rticirca geT`bgeflbesf`s (N`grfg) y Tfsfuacute Espicircrft` pkr eb lrupk ‒ n`bf`Gknfalk Zkber bdquo ge M`rjebka` que retknà eb testflk ge ua`b`rl` hfstkrf` ge pumbfj`jfkaes p`s`g`s y preseates que gepkr sicirc g`ricircà bul`r ` ua `rticircjubk `p`rte

Eb eveatk espicircrft` pkr exjebeajf` ea Espèth` sflue sfeagkeb Jkalresk A`jfka`b que se jebemr` h`mftu`bneate guràteeb prfner pueate ge gfjfenmre sfeagk ua nkneatk fge`bp`r` eb reeajueatrk ge vfecks `nflks y jkakjer ge prfner`nàk quaelig es eb Espfrftfsnk p`r` `quebbks que se `jerqueapkr prfner` vez ` aeligb

Ykr bk tàtk eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` remks` ge ua`

s`bug jknuafj`tfv` y ua` serfeg`g prkpf` ge sus neckresnkneatks pues gicirc` ` gicirc` v` ùneatàgk su aoacutenerk ge`geptks y nkgerafzàgk su dkrn` ge bbel`r `b poacutembfjk ge uankgk jb`rk y gfrejtk

Nfenmrk geb Jeatrk Espicircrft` B` buz geb Ykrveafr ge Jrevfbbeat Bfjeajf -gk ea Ysfjkbklicirc `jtu bneate se estagrave dkrnàgk ea Wer`pf Hunàfst`Lest bt

Mfmbfklr`dicircÀFK]WE C Hejhks y kmr`s ge ua` vfg` Krfhueb` =994Gfstrfmujfuacutea lr`tuft`MKLK J n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber B` lrà Zeethkr` geb Es pfrftfsnkEgftkr` Espicircrft` bbà O`rgej Nagraveb`l` 0668 p 08-== (B` egfjfuacuteakrflfa`b ge b` kmr` g`t` ge 06lt7)laquoraquoYkgenks h`mb`r jka bks nuertksiquest Ea3 ]evfst` Nagraves bbagraveNkaklragraveffjk asup3 54 (=996)

B` oacuteafj` rebflfuacutea gnftfg` due ebj`tkbfjfsnk y ea eb dagravea atf-n`suacutea gebLeaer`b Dràjk nujhks espfrftfst`sduerka eaj`rjeb`gks g`g`s b`s

vfajub`jfkaes que ea bks oacutebtfnks tfenpksexfsticircà eatre nmks nkvfnfeatks



=8 =6]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull EAW]ETFZW 3 CKZAElig AFK]WE BJ]S EAW]ETFZW 3 CKZAElig AFK]WE BJ]S bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

EAW]ETFZW 3 CKZAElig AFK]WE BJ]S

Jft`r eb aknmre ge Cksaelig afkrte aks jkaejt`gfrejt`neate jka b` lrà b`mkr g e este senmr`gkr que cuatkjka sus `nflks jknpètherks y nfenmrks geb Jeatrk Espicircrft`‒B` Buz geb J`nfakbdquo ge Krfhueb` hà re`bfz`gk y re`bfzàgfvublàgk eb Espfrftfsnk tr`vaeligs ge b` gfstrfmujfuacutea tkt`bneatelr`tuft` ge bks bfmrks que hà egft`gk skmre bks esjrftks gen`bf` Gknfalk Zkber y que hà bbel`gk ` nujhicircsfn`sperska`s gespertàgk sus jkasjfeajf`s ` b` espfrftu`bfg`g

0- Z`menks lr`jf`s ` sus pumbfj`jfkaes querelresuacute ge Mr`sfb fnpubs`gk pkr bks Espicircrftus p`r`gfvubl`r eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` raquoJuacutenk surlfuacuteest` gejfsfuacutea

J`g` gicirc` ne seaticirc` nagraves jknprknetfgk y `lr`gejfgkjka Cesoacutes Puericirc` gfvubl`r b` gkjtrfa` espicircrft` que tàtk mfeane h`micirc` hejhk gese`m` jknp`rtfr jka bks genagraves b` p`zy b` debfjfg`g que yk seaticirc` ua `sicirc `blk que yk ak s`micirc` kak quericirc` geffafr ne faqufet`m` Ak er` ua reprkjhe bk queseaticirc` sfak ua` vkz kjubt` que yk ak quericirc` esjujh`r Es` vkzne gejicirc` que nf jknprknfsk er` `blk nagraves que tkgk bk queest`m` h`jfeagk que gemicirc` enpreager ua auevk j`nfak

Ea nfs kr`jfkaes pegicirc` ` bks mueaks espicircrftus que ne

krfeat`rà p`r` s`mer quaelig j`nfak gemicirc` selufr Hky puegkver jka nagraves jb`rfg`g bk que eatkajes jknpreagicirc` Ea bknagraves icircatfnk ge nf ser yk s`micirc` eb j`nfak que gemicirc` selufrperk ne resfsticirc` y estk ne prkgujicirc` faqufetug y n`best`rEa est` sftu`jfuacutea ua jfertk gicirc` y` ea eb èthk 06lt9 est`m` eaZà Y`mbk pkr nktfvks ge tr`m`ck y gespuaeligs ge ua` gur`

ckra`g` es` nèthà` bbeluaelig `b hkteb ne seataelig ea eb mkrgege b` j`n` nuy peas`tfvk y `blk geskrfeat`gk Ea esenkneatk sfa g`rne jueat` seaticirc ua` faueajf` espfrftu`bque àubuacute tkg`s nfs d`jubt`ges b nfsnk tfenpk ua Espicircrftunuy querfgk y respet`gk pkr nicirc se `jerjuacute y sfa gejfrnea`g` ne exteagfuacute su nàk Vk seaticirc ua` p`z que ak puegk`hkr` gesjrfmfr Beat` y jknpbet`neate enkjfka`gk jklicirc su

nàk sfatfeagk jknk nf Espicircrftu se `bec`m` ge nf juerpkV ea ua gesgkmb`nfeatk boacutejfgk pues òacutea bk rejuergk jkajb`rfg`g duf jkagujfgk ` ua pbàk `str`b sfenpre sksteafgkpkr `queb muea Espicircrftu Nfraelig h`jf` `m`ck nuy `sust`gk pkr

tkgk bk que est`m` vfeagk erà fnagraveleaes hkrrfmbes Faffafg`gge seres lenicircà se retkrjicircà ea lràges jh`rjks jea`lksksy n`bkbfeates bbkr`mà y lrft`mà pfgfeagk `yug` p`r` s`bfrge `bbicirc Ge `quebbks jh`rjks enà`m` ua` espejfe ge v`pkrsenecàte `b `zudre que ne gfffjubt`m` b` respfr`jfuacutea yk neseaticirc `terrkrfz`gk y enpejaelig ` bbkr`r Due eatkajes juàgkne h`mbuacute eb Espicircrftu que ne `jknpèth`m` jka nujh` j`bn`y j`rfethk ne gfck nagraves k neaks est`s p`b`mr`s3

laquoHfck nicirck es aejes`rfk que lr`mes ea tu neate est`sgeskb`gkr`s fnagraveleaes p`r` que pueg`s jknpreager b` lràfnpkrtàjf` que tfeae eb gfduagfr b` buz gkage se vfve ea b`ssknmr`s Auestrks hernàks fadebfjes sudrea jkasejueajf` gesu flakràjf` pkr su gesnegfgk gesek y lkje ea b`s seas`jfkaesn`terf`bes Wkgks aksktrks sknks respkas`mbes ge auestr`sfenmr` faevft`mbeneate jklenks bk que henks senmr`gkWeaenks que gfduagfr b` buz y eb esjb`rejfnfeatk p`r` gfskbver b`ksjurfg`g y b`s sknmr`s bbicirc gkage ve`s nagraves ksjurfg`g gemeragravesre`bfz`r tu tr`m`ckiquest

Juàgk puge re`jjfka`r ne vf ea b` nfsn` pksfjfuacuteaque est`m` àtes Est`m` seat`gk ea b` j`n` perk bbkràgksfa jkasuebk Juàgk jkaseluicirc serea`rne òacutea jka bagravelrfn`s

ea bks kcks puge gejfr3 laquoZeethkr Cesoacutes perguacutea`ne pkrque heest`gk jfelk tkgk este tfenpkiquest

B` enkjfuacutea que yk seaticirc ea `queb nkneatk gespuaeligsge `queb gespreagfnfeatk jkasjfeate ak tealk p`b`mr`sp`r` gesjrfmfrb` Zuacutebk puegk gejfr que nf neate queguacute jkaua` vfsfuacutea jb`r` skmre eb j`nfak que gemicirc` selufr Est`m`selurk ge h`mer jknpreagfgk eb neas`ce H`micirc` bbel`gk ebnkneatk gemicirc` reauajf`r ` nfs geseks n`terf`bes y junpbfreb jknprknfsk sunfgk jka nf q uerfgk Nèstrk Cesoacutes Weaicirc`que relres`r ` Espèth` enpez`r ua` auev` vfg` ua` vfg` gereauajf` y ge tr`m`ck `b servfjfk geb nuagk espfrftu`b

=- raquoUsteg h`micirc` teafgk jkat`jtk jka b` pragravejtfj`geb Espfrftfsnk ea Mr`sfb

Ak ea Mr`sfb ea quebb` aeligpkj` b` pragravejtfj` geb Espfrftfsnkest`m` eadkj`g` h`jf` b` j`rfg`g n`terf`b y nf nfsfuacutea ak erès` sfak b` ge `bfneat`r `b espicircrftu gagraveagkbe eb jkakjfnfeatk

_B` preseate eatrevfst` due re bfz`g` pkj`s senà`s àtes ge b gesea-j`ra`jfuacutea ge G Cksaelig afkrte^

ge ua` vfg` dutur` p`r` `jept`r eb sudrfnfeatk ge est` vfg`jknk jkasejueajf` ge sus d`bt`s jknetfg`s

- Bbel` ` Espèth` ea ua` aeligpkj` ael`g` p`r` ebEspfrftfsnk raquoJuacutenk jtoacute` p`r` b` gfvubl`jfuacutea

Ea Espèth` ak se pkgicirc` eajkatr`r ua bfmrk espicircrft` `sicircque p`r` enpez`r nf tr`m`c k ge gfvubl`jfuacutea tuve que tr`gujfr`bluaks bfmrks `b espèthkb y gespuaeligs fnprfnfrbks Y`r` b`prfner` tr`gujjfuacutea e fnpresfuacutea ebelicirc ua bfmrk ea pkrtuluaeligsgfjt`gk pkr eb Espicircrftu ge Y`mbk ge W`rsk peasàgk que ebaknmre geb `puacutestkb jùs`ricirc` nagraves respetk que eb ge ju`bquferktrk ùtkr B` t`re` ak due a`g` dagravejfb b` tr`gujjfuacutea ` nàkne bbevuacute nagraves ge sefs neses ternfaagraveagkb` ` ffa`bes ge 06lt0

Juàgk tuve eb bfmrk p`s`gk ` nagravequfa` bfstk p`r` sufnpresfuacutea bk gfdicircjfb eatkajes jkasfsticirc` ea eajkatr`r ua`fnpreat` que se `trevfer` ` fnprfnfrbk pkrque estk supkaicircùa lrà rfeslk gemfgk ` b` sftu`jfuacutea pkbicirctfj` que se vfvicirc` eaEspèth` ea esks nkneatks

Wuve que rejurrfr ` ua d`nfbf`r3 aeligb er` d`bàlfst` `sicirc que teaicirc` faueajf` ea eb raeliglfnea dràqufst` sunfeagk aeligb tkg`b` respkas`mfbfg`g jkasflufuacute que ua` fnpreat` ea Ebjhe(bfjàte) fnprfnfer` eb bfmrk jbàgestfa`neate Ea ua nesne eatrel`rka eb bfmrk y quicirc jkneazuacute nf tr`m`ck gfvubl`tfvkea Espèth` gfstrfmuyeagk eb bfmrk espicircrft` lr`tuftk pkr tkgkeb pìcircs

J`g` ffa ge senà` utfbfzàgk ju`bqufer negfk poacutembfjkprfajfp`bneate ea ùtkmoacutes ne gespb`z`m` ` b`s jfug`ges nagravesfnpkrtàtes tràspkrtàgk b` n`ykr jàtfg`g pksfmbe gebfmrks

Enpejaelig b` gfstrfmujfuacutea ea Nagraveb`l` y guràte v`rfks ethks`prkvejhàgk b`s v`j`jfkaes y ffaes ge senà` rejkrricirc tkgÈspèth` gfstrfmuyeagk bfmrks espicircrft`s lr`tuft`neate Gec`m`bks bfmrks ea b ks màjks ge bks p`seks ea j`mfa`s tebeduacuteafj`sea b`s est`jfkaes ge trea k ge ùtkmuses sfa fnpkrt`rne ebrfeslk que estk supkaicirc` Duf senmràgk ua j`nfak ge buz pkr

tkgk eb terrftkrfk a`jfka`b gfvublàgk y gàgk ` jkakjer bèxfsteajf` geb nuagk espfrftu`b

b nfsnk tfenpk nf tr`m`ck ea b` dagravemrfj` ge jkadejjfuacuteaer` nagraves fateask j`g` gicirc` y nfs rejursks ejkauacutenfjks fmàùneatàgk t`nmfaeliga `sicirc que ne `trevicirc ` pegfr ua praeligst`nk`b màjk p`r` p`l`r eb bfmrk y ` jkatfau`jfuacutea ne jknpraelig uajkjhe ffaàjf`gk pues ak pkgicirc` ser g e ktrk nkgk Ua` vezque teaicirc` eb jkjhe nf tr`m`ck se hfzk nagraves juacutenkgk perk nagravesfateask pues pkgicirc` gespb`z`rne jka nagraves d`jfbfg`g y bbev`rnagraves jàtfg`g ge bfm rks

Zflufeagk jka b` gfvubl`jfuacutea ea eb èthk 06lt7 pugefnprfnfr ktrk bfmrk utfbfzàgk eb nfsnk sfsten` que ea ebbfmrk aterfkr p`r` fnprfnfrb k y gfstrfmufrbk Jka este seluagkbfmrk due nagraves dagravejfb b` gfstrfmujfuacutea pkrque y` teaicirc` `nfst`gesea v`rfks bul`res jknk Nagraveb`l` M`rjebka` N`grfg etjpugfeagk gepksft`r `blua`s j`c`s ge bfm rks ea sus j`s`s Estks`nflks jkkper`rka jka muea` vkbuat`g `yugagraveagkne ` b`gfstrfmujfuacutea

Wr`s b` nuerte ge Dràjfsjk Dràjk (cede geb Est`gkespèthkb) b` dkrn` pkbicirctfj` ge Espèth` se jkavferte ea ua`nka`rquicirc` p`rb`neat`rf` Ykr este nktfvk nf tr`m`ckgfvubl`tfvk se hfzk nujhk nagraves dagravejfb pues ` p`rtfr ge ese

nkneatk ak tuve que rejurrfr ` b` jbàgestfafg`g p`r` b`ssflufeates fnpresfkaes ge bfmrks y t`nmfaeliga puge gfstrfmufrbksjka nagraves bfmert`g

7- Wkgks s`menks que Krfhueb` tfeae ua`sprkduag`s jreeajf`s rebflfks`s Juàgk se pbàteuacuteduag`r ua ‒Jeatrk Espicircrft`bdquo que `genagraves due uakge bks prfnerks gespuaeligs geb p`raeligatesfs jre`gk pkreb dràqufsnk eajkatruacute d`jfbfg`ges p`r` ebbk k pkreb jkatr`rfk fnpegfneatks

Auestrk lrupk se reuaicirc` ea Jrevfbbeate ` =9 on geKrfhueb` perk ` jùs` geb enm`r`zk ge nf auer` que `sfsticirc`

t`nmfaeliga ` b`s reuafkaes p`r` evft`r eb gespb`z`nfeatk pkruaàfnfg`g ea eb lrupk se gejfgfuacute h`jer b`s reuafkaes eanf j`s` Vk prep`raelig y `jkagfjfkaaelig ua` h`mft`jfuacutea que teaicirc`sep`r`g` ge b` vfvfeag` y `bbicirc jkatfau`nks h`jfeagk auestr`sreuafkaes

Ea gfjfenmre ge 066 se jebemruacute ea Nkatfbb` (Juacutergkm`)eb prfner Jkalresk Espicircrft` Espèthkb bbicirc jknuafquaelig b poacutembfjk`sfsteate que pruacutexfn`neate se `mrfricirc` ua auevk jeatrkespicircrft` ea Krfhueb` B` faesper`g` aktfjf` jùsuacute skrpres` ynujh` `belricirc` ` tkgks bks p reseates

Auestrk lrupk est`m` jknpuestk pkr kjhk perska`sestagravem`nks tkgks nuy uafgks h`st` que gespuaeligs ge nfjknprknfsk `sunfgk poacutembfj`neate ea eb Jkalresk geNkatfbb` bes jknuafquaelig que h`micirc` bbel`gk eb nkneatk ge m rfrua jeatrk espicircrft` ea Krfhueb` y bes pegicirc su jkb`mkr`jfuacutea p`r`musj`r y bqufb`r ua bkj`b ea b` jfug`g Ebbks ne esjujh`rka jkasun` extrèthez` b` n`ykricirc` eajkatr`rka b` fge` gesj`mebb`g `y ua utaeligatfjk gfsp`r`te Afaluak ge ebbks est`m` gfspuestk p`rtfjfp`r ea `blk que est`m` jkagea`gk `b dr`j`sk

Uak ge ebbks tknuacute b` p`b`mr` p`r` gejfr3 laquoEa Krfhuebùa puembk tkt`bneate dà`tfz`gk pkr bks gkln`s rebflfksksge b` flbesf` j`tuacutebfj` ua puembk gkage h`y 4 flbesf`s uasenfa`rfk y ua kmfsp`gk iexcl`mrfr `quicirc ua jeatrk espicircrft` esjknp`r`mbe `b bkjk que pbàtuacute jemkbb`s ea b` pb`yìquest

Nfs jknpètherks ge lr upk tkgks est`mà rejebksks sfaquerer p`rtfjfp`r ea b` `pertur` geb Jeatrk perk ffa`bneategejfgferka `yug`r jka b` prep`r`jfuacutea y tràsdkrn`jfuacutea gebbkj`b `gejuagraveagkbk p`r` jkavertfrbk ea ua jeatrk espicircrft` yeb gicirc` 6 ge n`yk ge 0667 se faùluruacute eb Jeatrk Espicircrft` ‒B`

Buz geb J`nfakbdquo sftu`gk ea J Jagravegfz asup3 0 mfs Urmàfz`jfuacuteaNkatepfa`r Krfhueb` (bfjàte)

5- raquoJuacutenk duerka bks prfnerks tfenpks gebJeatrk Espicircrft`

Juàgk se mrfuacute e b Jeatrk Espicircrft` ‒B` Buz geb J`nfakbdquoenpez`nks ` re`bfz`r ua tr`m `ck rutfa`rfk h`jfeagk sesfkaes

Cksaelig afkrte bj`r`z

)Ea ua nes ne eatrel`rka eb bfmrk y`quicirc jkneazuacute nf tr`m`ck gfvubl`tfvk

ea Espèth` gfstrfmuyeagk eb bfmrkespicircrft` lr`tuftk pkr tkgk eb pìcircs J`g` ffa ge senà` utfbfzàgk ju`bqufer

negfk poacutembfjk prfajfp`bneate eaùtkmoacutes ne gespb`z`m` b`s jfug`gesnagraves fnpkrtàtes tràspkrtàgk b` n`ykrjàtfg`g pksfmbe ge bfmrks



9 0]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull EAW]ETFZW 3 CKZAElig AFK]WE BJ]S EAW]ETFZW 3 CKZAElig AFK]WE BJ]S bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

negfoacutenafj`s jka ffa`bfg`ges esjb`rejegkr`s Eb Jeatrk teaicircùa` aunerks` `sfsteajf` que veaicirc` gesge tkg` b` prkvfajf`perk jknk suacutebk `sfsticircà fateres`gks ea eb deauacuteneak jka eb

tfenpk duerka gecàgk eb Jeatrk Ge este aunerksk lrupkge perska`s ffa`bneate suacutebk queg`rka uaks pkjks quenktfv`gks pkr eb ecenpbk se hà fgk superàgk j`g` gicirc`sflufeagk jka eb tr`m`ck gfvubl`tfvk

4- n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber ` tr`vaeligs ge susesjrftks bbeluacute ` gejfr que eb bfmrk espicircrft` sericirc`gfstrfmufgk lr`tuft`neate raquoJkakjicirc` usteg estejkneat`rfk

Zicirc bk jkakjicirc juàgk ex`nfaaelig b`s revfst`s ge B` Buz gebYkrveafr que bbel`rka ` nfs nàks gesge M`rjebka` eavf`g`spkr Z`bv`gkr Zàjhicircs Zerr ` V due eatkajes juàgk jkneajaelig` sebejjfka`r b`s revfst`s y tkgks bks esjrftks ge n`bf` p`r`su pumbfj`jfuacutea lr`tuft` que enpezuacute jka eb prfner bfmrk que

be puse pkr ticirctubk eb nfsnk ge b` revfst` que ebb` pumbfj`m` B`Buz geb Ykrveafr

lt- Usteg s`me que gemfgk ` su t`re` ea b`gfvubl`jfuacutea ge bks bfmrks ge n`bf` tfeae ua`vfajub`jfuacutea espejf`b jka ebb` raquoH`st` quaelig puatk essflafffj`tfvk p`r` usteg y ge quaelig nàer` h` faufgkea su vfg`

Ea eb ethk 066= sfsticirc b Jkalresk Espicircrft` Nuagf`b que sejebemruacute ea N`grfg Y`r` nicirc due ua jkalresk nuy fnpkrtàtepkr gfvers`s r`zkaes3 bbicirc jkakjicirc ` nf querfgk `nflk Nàueb]kmbes ge Dueate T`querks W`nmfaeliga jkakjicirc perska`bneate `]`dèb Lkazagravebez Nkbfa` bbicirc enpejaelig ` seatfr b` faueajf` gen`bf` Gknfalk Zkber Espicircrftu `nflk que tàtk mfea ne h`hejhk y ne jkatfaoacute` h`jfeagk

Nagraves t`rge he jknpreagfgk que n`bf` h` faufgk ea tkgks bks `jkatejfnfeatks ge nf vfg` Zu faspfr`jfuacutea b` he teafgk gesge que a`jicirc ea e st` reeaj`ra`jfuacutea ùaque h`stèb èthk 066= ak tuve jkakjfnfeatk ge su faueajf` Ne seaticircfaufgk pkr ebb` p`r` mrfr e b Jeatrk Espicircrft` p`r` pumbfj`r susbfmrks y jknk ak seaticirc su faueajf` juàgk jknpraelig e b prfnerbfmrk espicircrft` p`r` rel`b`rbk y `sicirc enpejaelig jka b` j`npèth` gegfvubl`jfuacutea lr`tuft` geb Espfrftfsnk ea Mr`sfb ea eb èthk 0649

8- raquoJuagraveatks bfmrks `prkxfn`g`neate ` bk b`rlkge bks èthks h`mragravea gfstrfmufgk lr`tuft`neate y

juagraveatks pìcircses se hà meaeffjf`gk ge ebbk `p`rte geEspèth`

Ak pkgricirc` gejfr ua` jàtfg`g j`bjub`r estk ak teagricirc`nujhk seatfgk bk que sicirc tfeae seatfgk es eb mfea que estksbfmrks hà prkpkrjfka`gk ` nujhicircsfn`s perska`s y eanujhks bul`res jknk b` n`ykricirc` ge pìcircses ge naeligrfj` y`bluaks ge Eurkp` Ea Mr`sfb y` estagrave tr`gujfgk y pumbfj`gkeb bfmrk B` Buz geb J`nfak ea Ft`bf` estagrave tr`gujfgk B` Buz gebYkrveafr y B` Buz geb J`nfak ea esper` ge su pumbfj`jfuacutea p`r`gfstrfmujfuacutea lr`tuft` pues h`y perska`s `bbicirc fateatàgk selufrjka est` j`npèth` ge gfvubl`jfuacutea lr`tuft`

6- Z`menks que ska nujh`s b`s perska`s que b ehà esjrftk k be hà bb`n`gk tebeduacuteafj`neate p`r``lr`gejerbe su btrufsnk Aks puege jft`r bluak gebks j`sks que nagraves be h`yà n`rj`gk

Ykgricirc` aknmr`r faffafg`g ge j`sks perk jft`raelig uak Nebb`nuacute ua` perska` p`r` g`rne b`s lr`jf`s pkr bks bfmrks queh`micirc` pumbfj`gk y que h`micircà bbel`gk ` sus nàks ge dkrn`lr`tuft` y p`r` gejfrne que h`micirc` s`bv`gk su vfg` pues est`m``b mkrge geb sufjfgfk y est` bfter`tur` be h`micirc` s`bv`gk blkge tfenpk gespuaeligs su vfg` teaicirc` seatfgk er` ua` perska`reakv`g` jka là`s ge vfv fr

09- Gesge b` aeligpkj` ge su bbel`g` ` Espèth` raquoh``prejf`gk j`nmfks sflafffj`tfvks ea b` gfvubl`jfuacutea ypragravejtfj` geb Espfrftfsnk

Zicirc se prejfà j`g` gicirc` B` pragravejtfj` geb Espfrftfsnk est`m`dà`tfz`g` `blk que h` fgk j`nmfàgk H`y ua prklreskque j`nmf` `b rftnk que j`nmfà b`s perska`s Zf aksktrksprklres`nks bks `jtks ge auestr` vfg` prklres`ragravea t`nmfaeliga

00- Est` eatrevfst` seragrave pumbfj`g` ea b` ]evfst`

Espicircrft` ge b` DEE raquoaks pkgricirc` gegfj`r ua`s p`b`mr`sp`r` tkgks `quebbks que beerenks sus respuest`sjka sunk fateraeligs

Gemk ser sfajerk y rejkakjer que b` tràsdkrn`jfuacuteafaterfkr que geme seatfr ua verg`gerk espicircrft` se g`ragrave juàgkaeligste se` j`p`z ge vfvfr ea b` vfg` n `terf`b pkafeagk ea prfnerbul`r bks fatereses ge b` vfg` espfrftu`b que es b` verg`ger`vfg` b` que sfenpre skmrevfve bks juerpks ge b` n`ter f` sicircque gesek gejfrks que h`y que pr`jtfj`r jka eb ecenpbk geauestr` prkpf` vfg`

0=- Ykr oacutebtfnk raquojuagraveb sericirc` eb sueethk que qufsfer`re`bfz`r àtes ge n`rjh`rse ge este nuagk

Pufsfer` ver re`bfz`gk ua gesek g e nf vfeck espicircrftu quees bbev`r b` buz b`s neates que ea nf p`s`gk renktk bbev`gkpkr eb d` a`tfsnk rebflfksk yk ksjurejicirc


Jka b` jkb`mkr`jfuacutea ge a` N`ricirc` L`rjicirc` seasfk


A`jfuacute ea Krfhueb` (bfjàte) eb 0 ge kjtumre ge 06=9 Jkakjfuacutey pr`jtfjuacute eb espfrftfsnk gesge bks trefat` y gks èthks Hknmrebujh`gkr e fajàs`mbe vf`cerk ge duerte perska`bfg`g h` sfgk ate

tkgk ua senmr`gkr espicircrft Duaguacute eb Jeatrk Espicircrft` ‒B` buz gebJ`nfakbdquo ea Krfhueb` ea 0667 Wr`m`c`gkr fad tfl`mbe ea b` gfvubl`-jfuacutea geb espfrftfsnk sus esduerzks y bks ge sus jknpètherks se hàjeatr`gk ea b` egfjfuacutea y gfstrfmujfuacutea lr`tuft` ge sefs bfmrks querejklea b` nagraves fnpkrtàte bfter`tur` ge bks esjrftks ge n`bf`Gknfalk Zkber pumbfj`gks ea b` revfst` B` buz geb Ykrveafr guràtevefate ethks (08lt6-0866) Jubnfauacute su gegfj`jfuacutea b bfmrk espicircrft`jka b` pumbfj`jfuacutea ge ktr`s kmr`s eatre b`s que gest`jà su ùtk-mfklr`dicirc` Hejhks y kmr`s ge ua` vfg` (0664) Ebujfg`jfkaes espfrft`s(=99lt) y B`s verg`ges geb Espfrftfsnk (=996) tkg`s p`r` gfstrfmu-jfuacutea lr`tuft` H` geseaj`ra`gk eb p`s`gk = ge n`rzk ge =90

tr`s ua` mrfbbàte tr`yejtkrf` gegfj`g` ` gespert`r jkajfeajf`s ` tr`vaeligs geb bfmrk espicircrft` Cksaelig afkrte h` sfgk uak ge bks espfrftfst`snagraves fnpkrtàtes gesge b` Genkjr`jf` ea Espèth` ua nkgebk gevfg` y jknprknfsk espfrftu`b

B`s Tfg`s Y`s`g`sge bks AfethksJ`rkb Mkwnà

Ea b`s Drkater`sge b` Bkjur`Gfv`bgk Dràjk Nàueb Y ge Nfràg`

Zexk y GestfakDràjfsjk Jiacuteagfgk X`vfer

Kr`tkrf` b` Buz ge bks espicircrftusZfnkaf Yrfv`tk Lkfgàfjh

Eb jfebk y eb Fafferakbbà O`rgej

Tfg`3 ges`dicircks y skbujfkaesGfv`bgk Yerefr` Cuà` ge alebfs

Eb Evàlebfk Zeloacutea ebEspfrftfsnkbbà O`rgej

B` Laeligaesfsbbà O`rgej

Eb bfmrk ge bks Espicircrftusbbà O`rgej

Eb bfmrk ge bks Naeliggfunsbbà O`rgej

ffafg`gGfv`bgk Dràjk Ckàa` ge alebfs

Gicirc`s LbkrfksksGfv`bgk Dràjk Ckàa` ge alebfs

Nkneatks ge Jkajfeajf`Gfv`bgk Dràjk Ckàa` ge alebfs

Wrflk ge GfksGfv`bgk Dràjk naeligbf` ]kgrflues

Bel`gk O`rgejfàkGfv`bgk Dràjk N`rjk Yrfsjk

Zeagerks ge Bfmer`jfuacuteaGfv bgk Dràjk Nàueb Y ge Nfràg`



= ]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull Jeatrks Espicircrft`s ge b` DEE Jeatrks Espicircrft`s ge b` DEE bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

bull Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkbèm3 wwwespfrftfsnkesD`jeMkko3 wwwespfrftfsnkjjd`jemkkoJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 fadkIespfrftfsnkjjWebd3 +7 4=4 00 880

bfjàtebull Zkjfeg`g Espfrftfst` bfjàtfa`Gfrejjfuacutea3 J Hernàks Mera`g == m`ck 9994 bfjàteem3 o`rgejesse`Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3skjespfrftfst``bfjàtfaÌln`fbjkn Webd3 +7 484 69= 709

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` B` Buz geb J`nfakGfrejjfuacutea3 p`rt`gk ge Jkrreks asup3 0ltlt

999 bull Krfhueb` (BFJAWE)em3 wwwb`buzgebj`nfakjknJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 lrupkespfrftÌb buzgebj`nfakjkn Webd3 997 645 46 505 sbquo +7 454 876 4lt8

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` B` Buz geb Ykrveafr Gfrejjfuacutea3 J Naeliggfjk Bbeguacute 8 M`ck - p`rt`gk 598

99 bull Jrevfbbeate (BFJAWE)em3 wwwb`buzgebpkrveafro`rgejesJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 cà`nksokneasoy056=04lt9Iln`fbjkn

Webd3 +7 405 544 688

bull skjf`jfuacutea ge Estugfks Espicircrft`sMezerr` ge Neaezes

Gfrejjfuacutea3 J Mea`jàtfb lt - B` N`t` Wkrrevfec`

9085 bull Wkrrevfec` (BFJAWE)Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 cesuslt090640Iy hkkes

Webd3 +7 409 479 =46

bull Jeatrk ge Estugfks Espicircrft`s ge MeafgkrnGfrejjfuacutea3 J Wknagraves ge Krtuethk 67-=sup3

9590 bull Meafgkrn (BFJAWE)

Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 jeatrkespfrft`meafgkrnIln`fbjkn

Webaeligdkak3 +7 4lt6 68 65lt

M`rjebka`bull skjf`jfuacutea ge Estugfks Espicircrft`s ge Flu`b`g`Gfrejjfuacutea3 J geb J`rnea A 0- 0sup3- =ordf

98lt99 bull Flu`b`g` (M]JEBKA)em3 wwwo`rgejesflu`b`g`Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 estugfksespfrft`sflu`b gÌhktn`fbes Webd3 997 68 95 709 sbquo +7 469 950 =74

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber Gfrejjfuacutea3 J Teatur` Yb`c` 05 - m`cks Netrk B5 - M`g`b

em3 wwwje`gso`rgejes Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 je`gsIkakjkn Webd3 +7 445 0= 48lt

Jfug`g ]e`b

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` nkr Dr`terakGfrejjfuacutea3 vg` Derrkj`rrfb ltlt 0499 bull bjagravez`r ge Zà Cuà (JFUGG ]EB)

em3 lrupkgeestugfksespfrft`sjknJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 jeatrkespfrft``nkrdr`terakIln`fbjkn

Webaeligdkak3 997 6=4 009 lt4

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` J`nfak ge BuzGfrejjfuacutea3 atflu` J`rreter` ge N`grfg =5

0=99 bull Nàzà`res (JFUGG ]EB)em3 http3wwwo`rgejesjej`nfakgebuzJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 jej`nfakgebuzItebedkafjàetWebd3 997 6=4 4=9 =8lt sbquo +7 4=4 00 880

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` ‒Cesoacutes ge A`z`retbdquoGfrejjfuacutea3 J Zkjuebb`nks lt5 0lt99 bull Wknebbksk (JFUGG ]EB)Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3n`rf`bufs`6=4Ihktn`fbjknWebd +7 469 4lt9 5lt

bull skjf`jfuacutea Espicircrft` ge Zà J`rbks geb T`bbeGfrejjfuacutea3 J ]`nuacutea y J`c`b 0lt 0=7lt bull Zà J`rbks geb T`bbe (JFUGG ]EB)

em3 http3wwwo`rgejesèsjv`

Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3xuàyxkseIterrès Webd3 997 6=4 49 998

Juacutergkm`bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` nkr y YrklreskGfrejjfuacutea3 J Cksaelig Krtel` y L`sset 6 07559 bull Nkatfbb` (JUacute]GKM)Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 `nkryprklreskIln`fbjkn Webd3 997 65lt 457 lt0 sbquo +7 404 0=9 79=

bull Dr`terafg`g Espicircrft` ‒Cksaelig LrksskbdquoGfrejjfuacutea3 Jatkafk Nùr` =9 sup3 G

07995 bull Juacutergkm`Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 dr`terafg`gckselrksskIln`fbjkn

em3 http3wwwjkrgkmèspfrftès Webd3 997 65lt =4 7= sbquo 997 65lt 98= 959

Fsb`s M`be`resbull Jeatrk Espfrft` EnnàuebGfrejjfuacutea3 Wknagraves lufbuacute Dkrtez` = 9lt900bull Y`bn` ge N`bbkrj` (FZBZ MBE]EZ)

em3 http3wwwjeatrkespfrftènnàuebgfvubl`jfkakrl

Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 jeatrkespfrftènnàuebIhktn`fbjkn

Webaeligdkak3 997 6lt0 =84 086 sbquo +7 46 =04 775

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` Fsb`s M`be`res (JEFM)Gfrejjfuacutea3 J B` Wrkm`g` 78 `-m

9lt900bull Y`bn` ge N`bbkrj` (FZBZ MBE]EZ)Jkrrek ebejtruacuteafjk3 jefmIjefmesem3 http3wwwjefmesWebd3 +7 4lt9 689 587

Baeligrfg`bull sskjf`jfuacute Espicircrft` Ktus f Aaeligr`n (EKA)Gfrejjfuacutea3 J Lernà` Nerjegrave Zàt`jà` 0 =599 bull Weacuterrel` (BAElig]FG)Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 ktusfaer`nIterrès em3 http3wwwo`rgejesktusfaer`n Webd3 997 6lt 00 =lt6

N`grfgbull skjf`jfuacutea ge Estugfks Espicircrft`s ge N`grfgGfrejjfuacutea3 J Ge b` Mkbs` 07 - 0sup3 gjh` =890= bull N`grfgem3 wwwespfrft`sn`grfgjknJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 espfrft`sn`grfgItebedkafjès

Jeatrks Espicircrft`s ge b` DEE

bull skjf`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Dràjfsjk ge sicircsge b` Zferr`

Gfrejjfuacutea3 J rrkyk Yà`gerk = m`ck 5=8=49 bull L`b`p`l`r (NG]FG)

Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3jbùgetelbèserIhktn`fbjkn

Webd3 +7 4lt8 045 660

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` Eatre eb Jfebk y b`Wferr`

Gfrejjfuacutea3 vg` ge N`grfg =6 bkj`b =8489 bull Zà N`rticirca ge T`bgeflbesf`s (NG]FG)

em3 wwwo`rgejeseatreebjfebkyb`tferr`Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3k`lbfkI`rròfses Webd3 +7 4lt8 44lt =0 sbquo +7 4lt8 44lt =0=

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` Neas`cerks ge b` BuzGfrejjfuacutea3 J N`ger` 0 - M`ck

=8997 bull N`grfgem3 wwwjtvesUZE]Zjenebhknehtn

Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3jenebn`grfgIhktn`fbjkn Webd3 997 60 84 =5 88 sbquo 997 60 07 89 08

bull Jeatrks ge Estugfks y Gfvubl`jfuacuteaEspicircrft` JEyGE

Gfrejjfuacutea3 J Nkater` 09-0= =ordf Ybàt` - Asup3 =890 bull N`grfgem3 wwwjeygen`grfgkrlJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3ùrkr`v`zj`m`bberkIhktn`fbjkn

jeygen`grfgIy`hkkesWebd3 997 60 5=8 79 80 sbquo +7 48lt 664 85

bull Jeatrk ge Estugfk Espicircrft` Beuacutea GeafsGfrejjfuacutea3 Mkaeterk netrk Yfk XFF =8904 bull N`grfgJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 bekageafsjeIln`fbjknem3 wwwbekageafses - wwwmbklbekageafses

Nagraveb`l`bull Jeatrks ge Estugfks Espicircrft`s bbà O`rgejGfrejjfuacutea3 J Haeligrkes ge Zkstk` lt E-0sup3 5

=699= bull Nagraveb`lèm3 wwwegftkrèspfrft``bbào`rgejesJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3`bmkràegftkrÌkakjknWebd3 997 65= =8 489 sbquo +7 49lt 589 9=lt

Nurjf`bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` ]ejfatk ge Y`zGfrejjfuacutea3 J Ge b` Y`z0 0sup3 G ( Y`tfethk) 990= Nurjfèm3 http3jerejfatkgep`zesJkrrek ebejtruacuteafjk3 jerejfatkgep zIrejfatkgep zes

nfluebnfvelÌln fbjkn

Webd3 +7 446 94 096

Ykatevegr`bull skjf`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Y`z rnkaicirc` y

J`rfg`gGfrejjfuacutea3 J ]oacute` Yeafs =0 - 0sup3 Gjh` 4=05 bull Tflk (YKAWETEG])Jkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 jep`z`rnkaf`nkryj`rfg`gIhktn`fbes Webd3 +7 450 879 0=4

Zevfbb`bull skjf`jfuacutea Jeatrk ge Estugfks

Espicircrft`s ge Zevfbb`Gfrejjfuacutea3 Yrksperfg`g Wrfà` 70909 bull Zevfbbèm3 wwwespfrft`ssevfbbèsJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3leakvev`n`bbkIln`fbjkn Webd3 997 657 =8 859 sbquo +7 459 780 86

W`rr`lka`bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` Ckàa` ge alebfsGfrejjfuacutea3 Yumfbb Krfkb ==

7=90 bull ]aeligus (W]]LKA)Webaeligdkak3 997 6ltlt 74 047 sbquo +7 4=5 740 487

bull Jeatrk Espicircrft` Nàueb y Gfv`bgkGfrejjfuacutea3 J geb Tfeatk 7=95 bull ]aeligus (W]]LKA)

em3 wwwjenygjknJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3`rbfallIy`hkkes Webd3 +7 484 769 lt74

T`beajf`bull skjf`jfuacutea Espicircrft` ge T`beajf` Hkl`r Dr`terakGfrejjfuacutea3 J Tfbbàuev` ge J`stebbuacutea == 74996 bull T`beajfèm3 www`sesv`krlJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 hkl`rdr`terakIln`fbjknWebd3 997 64 7lt 6= 77 sbquo 997 64 =9 64 85

JEAW]KZ EZYIcirc]FWZ KABFAEbull Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb`Gfrejjfuacutea3 http3wwwespfrftfsnkjjjh`t (Buaes Nfaeligrjkbes y Cueves ==9 hkr`s)em3 http3wwwespfrftfsnkjjjh`tJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3 fadkIespfrftfsnkjjWebedkak3 +7 4=4 00 880

bull Jeatrk ge Estugfks Espicircr ft`s ‒ZfaDrkater`sbdquo

Gfrejjfuacutea3 http3wwwespfrftfsnkjjjh`t

(Gknfalks =099 hkr`s)em3 http3jeesfadrkater`sesJkrrek Ebejtruacuteafjk3jeesfadrkater`sIln`fbjkn



7 5]evfst` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Eb Espfrftfsnk ea Espèth` bull Bfmrericirc` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE Bfmrericirc` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE bull Aoacutenerk3 4 bull Egfjfuacutea Cubfk =90

bmkr`g` Jrfstfà` 799 ₢

teajfuacutea 799 ₢

J`r`jteres ge b` ]eveb`jfuacutea Espicircrft` 99 ₢

Gesge b` ktr` vfg` 799 ₢

Gerrkterk 799 ₢

Gfaerk 599 ₢

Eb Jeatrk Espicircrft` 699 ₢

Eb Bfmrk ge bks Espicircrftus - EEE 499 ₢

Esjb`vftug 499 ₢

Lbks`rfk Espicircrft` Jrfstfàk 499 ₢

B` Tfg` ea D`nfbf` 799 ₢

Bks bmkres ge b` Terg`g 0099 ₢

Bks Nuertks Zfluea Tfvfeagk 499 ₢

Nàks Uafg`s 799 ₢

Negft`jfkaes 799 ₢

Nenkrf`s ge n`bf` Gknfalk Zkber(Mkbsfbbk)

799 ₢

Nuerte es Tfg` 499 ₢

Kmr`s Yuacutestun`s - Eg nebf` Mkuget 699 ₢

]evfst` Espicircrft` 084= 0845 499 ₢

Zeeth`b Terge 799 ₢

Tfg` y kmr` ge Gfv`bgk Yerefr` Dràjk 0999 ₢

bbà O`rgej3 Eb Eguj`gkr y Eb Jkgfffj`gkrF - EGFJEF

499 ₢

bbà O`rgej3 Eb Eguj`gkr y Eb Jkgfffj`gkrFF - EGFJEF 499 ₢

J`nfak Terg`g y Tfg` - EGFJEF 899 ₢

J`rtfbb` geb Mfea - EGFJEF 499 ₢

Gespferte y Ze` Debfz - EGFJEF 899 ₢

Eb Jfebk y eb Fafferak - EGFJEF 0999 ₢

Eb Espfrftfsnk ea su Nagraves ZfnpbeExpresfuacutea - EGFJEF

=99 ₢

Eb Espicircrftu ge b` Terg`g - EGFJEF 899 ₢

Eb Evàlebfk Zeloacutea eb Espfrftfsnk -EGFJEF

0999 ₢

Eb Bfmrk ge bks Espicircrftus - EGFJEF 0999 ₢

Eb Bfmrk ge bks Naeliggfuns - EGFJEF 0999 ₢

Espfrftfsnk y Ejkbklicirc` - EGFJEF 899 ₢

Cesoacutes ea eb Hkl`r - EGFJEF 499 ₢

Custfjf` Gfvfa` - EGFJEF 899 ₢

B` Laeligaesfs - EGFJEF 0999 ₢

B`s Tfg`s Y`s`g`s ge bks Afethks - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Bks Neas`cerks - EGFJEF 899 ₢

Neas`ce ge ua gkbesjeate gesge ebNuagk Espfrftu`b - EGFJEF

599 ₢

Nfsfkaerks ge b` Buz - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Auestrk Hkl`r - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Kmrerks ge b` Tfg` Etera` - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Yà Auestrk - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Yeas`nfeatk y Tfg` - EGFJEF 499 ₢

]ebflfuacutea ge bks Espicircrftus - EGFJEF 699 ₢

]evfst` Espicircrft` ethk 0858 - EGFJEF 899 ₢


Zexk y Gestfak - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Zfenmr` ge bks Naeliggfuns - EGFJEF 699 ₢

Zumbfne Expf`jfuacutea - EGFJEF 899 ₢

Tfg` Debfz - EGFJEF lt99 ₢

Tfg` y Zexk - EGFJEF 499 ₢

V b` Tfg` Jkatfau`hellip EGFJEF 899 ₢

Bfmrericirc` Espicircrft` ge b` DEE

Uacuterlàk egftkrf b ge b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb sfa agraveafnk ge bujrk que refavferte ea eb prkpfkbfmrk espicircrft Ze h`jea eavicircks jkatr` reenmkbsk H`l` su pegfgk prederfmbeneate pkr jkrrek ebejtruacuteafjk `fadkIespfrftfsnkjj k pkr tebaeligdkak3 4=4 00 880

XX Jkalresk Espicircrft` A`jfka`bEB EZYF]FWFZNK JKNK DFBKZKDIcirc GE TFG

Gfjfenmre 4lt y 8 J`bpe - =90

B` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb`FATFW

tkg`s `quebb`s perska`s fateres`g`s ea `sfstfr `b

XX JKAL]EZK EZYIcirc]FW AJFKABEb ben` ge este jkalresk seragrave3

‒EB EZYF]FWFZNK JKNKDFBKZKDIcirc GE TFGbdquo

Y]KL]NJFUacuteA

TFE]AEZ gicirc` 4 ge Gfjfenmre

9699 h3 Eatrel` ge jregeajf`bes y gkjuneat`jfuacutea Oacutebtfn`s fasjrfpjfkaes seloacutea gfspkafmfbfg`g geb dkrk

0999 h3 pertur` Ykr eb Yresfgeate ge b` Deger`jfuacutea Espicircrft` Espèthkb`

Jkadereajf` faùlur`bEb Espfrftfsnk jknk ffbkskdicirc` ge vfg`

Ykr Gfv`bgk Yerefr` Dràjk

0=99 h3 Z`mfguricirc` Juacutesnfj` Uafvers`b Ykr J`rbks ] J`npettf

099 h3 Zer jknpbetk3 ser n`terf`b y ser espfrftu`b Ykr Cuà Nflueb Deraagraveagez

0799 h3 Gesjàsk p`r` eb bnuerzk

0lt99 h3 Muea`s senfbb`s mueaks drutks Ykr T`bbe L`rjicirc`

0899 h3 Negfunafg`g faterj`nmfk jka eb nagraves bbagrave Ykr Cà`fa` Nfaebbf

0699 h3 Eb Uafversk es faffaftk Ykr Jbùgf` Mera`rges

=99 h3 Eatr`g` b jknegkr p`r` b` jea`

==99 h3 Jkbkqufk mfertk Jka preluat s pkr p`rte geb poacutembfjk ` bks jkadereajfàtes geb gicirc`

ZAgraveMGK gicirc` lt ge Gfjfenmre

0999 h3 Eatre b` tferr` y eb jfebk3 B` lrà epkpey` espfrftu`b

Ykr bdregk W`mueeth`

0099 h3 B` kmsesfuacutea m`ck eb prfsn` geb nkr Zenfa`rfk pkr N`ricirc` ge b` Lr`jf` ge Eager

0=9 h3 Gesjàsk

0=75 h3 Jkatfau`jfuacutea geb senfa`rfk Ykr N`ricirc` ge b` Lr`jf` ge Eager


0lt99 h3 Esp`jfk rticircstfjk Krlàfz`gk pkr b` jknfsfuacutea Fadàtk-cuveafb ge b` DEE

0899 h3 Eb ser hunàk jknk jkastrujtkr ge su gestfak Ykr Nflueb Ter`

0699 h3 Eb Jeatrk Espicircrft` Zenfa`rfk pkr J`rbks ] J`npettf

=99 h3 Gesjàsk p`r` b` jea`

==99 h3 Jkbkqufk mfertk Jka preluat`s pkr p`rte geb poacutembfjk bks jkadereajfàtes geb gicirc`

GKNFALK gicirc` 8 ge Gfjfenmre

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revista fee - numero 06 - julio 2013

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