revolutions. latin america the french revolution’s ideas started other revolutions throughout the...
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RevolutionsRevolutions
Latin AmericaLatin America
The French Revolution’s ideas The French Revolution’s ideas started other revolutions throughout started other revolutions throughout the worldthe world
Latin America started its own Latin America started its own revolutionrevolution
Saint DomingueSaint Domingue Toussaint Toussaint
L’OuvertureL’Ouverture led the led the revolt of slaves of revolt of slaves of Saint Domingue (Haiti)Saint Domingue (Haiti)
Latin AmericaLatin America
Jean-Jacques Jean-Jacques DessalinesDessalines led a revolt led a revolt in in HaitiHaiti becoming the becoming the first independent countryfirst independent country
Latin AmericaLatin America PeninsularesPeninsulares-Men born in Spain; top -Men born in Spain; top
of the social ladderof the social ladder CreolesCreoles-Spaniards born in Latin -Spaniards born in Latin
America; 2America; 2ndnd on the social ladder on the social ladder MestizosMestizos-Mixed European and Native -Mixed European and Native
bloodblood MulattosMulattos-Mixed European and African-Mixed European and African Native AmericansNative Americans-Bottom of the -Bottom of the
social laddersocial ladder
Latin AmericaLatin America
Creoles were educated and a part of Creoles were educated and a part of the middle classthe middle class
When Napoleon took over Spain, When Napoleon took over Spain, they did follow the French, but they did follow the French, but believed the power went to the believed the power went to the peoplepeople
When the Spanish king came back, When the Spanish king came back, they did not follow himthey did not follow him
Latin AmericaLatin America
Creoles were led Creoles were led by by Simon BolivarSimon Bolivar and and Jose de San Jose de San MartinMartin
Latin AmericaLatin America
Bolivar led Bolivar led Venezuela into Venezuela into independenceindependence
He lost in the He lost in the beginning (exiled 2 beginning (exiled 2 times)times)
He finally won a He finally won a great victory in great victory in BogotaBogota
Latin AmericaLatin America Martin led Martin led ArgentinaArgentina
to independence in to independence in 18161816
Then, he freed Then, he freed ChileChile
He joined with Bolivar He joined with Bolivar
Latin AmericaLatin America
Bolivar wins in Peru Bolivar wins in Peru at the Battle of at the Battle of Ayacucho winning Ayacucho winning the Spanish the Spanish colonies colonies independenceindependence
Latin AmericaLatin America
Padre Padre Miguel Hidalgo Miguel Hidalgo and and Jose Maria MorelosJose Maria Morelos, , started the Mexico’s started the Mexico’s rebellion against Spain in rebellion against Spain in 18101810
Mestizos were the largest Mestizos were the largest population in Mexico and population in Mexico and led the rebellionled the rebellion
They lost They lost
Latin AmericaLatin America
Agustin de IturbideAgustin de Iturbide made peace with made peace with the rebels and declared independence the rebels and declared independence from Spainfrom Spain
He became emperor of MexicoHe became emperor of Mexico
Brazil IndependenceBrazil Independence
Brazil was the only country to have a Brazil was the only country to have a bloodless revolution and Portugal bloodless revolution and Portugal granted their independencegranted their independence
Groups Groups
Liberals – wanted change and are Liberals – wanted change and are usually workers; wanted a republican usually workers; wanted a republican governmentgovernment
Conservatives- did not want change Conservatives- did not want change and are usually nobles; wanted a and are usually nobles; wanted a monarchy monarchy
Europe RevolutionsEurope Revolutions
In Europe, many people followed the In Europe, many people followed the French Revolution ideas and revoltedFrench Revolution ideas and revolted
Europe RevolutionsEurope Revolutions
GreeceGreece was the first was the first country to revolt against country to revolt against the Ottomans and with the Ottomans and with help became independenthelp became independent
A great poet, A great poet, Lord ByronLord Byron became very famous became very famous during this time and during this time and helped the Greek causehelped the Greek cause
Europe RevolutionsEurope Revolutions
In In 18481848, following Greece, many other , following Greece, many other countries revoltedcountries revolted
Poland, Belgium, Hungary, and Poland, Belgium, Hungary, and Bohemia revolted against the Bohemia revolted against the monarchymonarchy
They all failedThey all failed
European RevolutionsEuropean Revolutions
France got a France got a monarchy back after monarchy back after Napoleon (Louis XVIII, Napoleon (Louis XVIII, his son Charles X, his son Charles X, and Louis-Philippe)and Louis-Philippe)
France revolted and France revolted and established the established the Second RepublicSecond Republic
Europe RevolutionsEurope Revolutions
Louis-Napoleon Louis-Napoleon became president, became president, then like his uncle then like his uncle Napoleon became Napoleon became emperor of France emperor of France calling himself calling himself Napoleon IIINapoleon III
ItalyItaly
NationalismNationalism from the French from the French Revolution started the unification of Revolution started the unification of ItalyItaly
ItalyItaly
Giuseppe Giuseppe MazziniMazzini- Italian - Italian nationalist who led nationalist who led the group called the group called the Young Italians; the Young Italians; one of the many one of the many failed revolutions failed revolutions of 1848of 1848
ItalyItaly
The Kingdom of Italy in The Kingdom of Italy in the north was led by the north was led by King King Victor Emmanuel IIVictor Emmanuel II
He put He put Count Camillo di Count Camillo di CavourCavour in charge and in charge and Cavour expanded the Cavour expanded the kingdom with kingdom with militarism militarism and alliancesand alliances to cover to cover northern Italy northern Italy
ItalyItaly
Giuseppe Garibaldi-Giuseppe Garibaldi- led a group called the led a group called the Red Shirts united Red Shirts united southern Italysouthern Italy
He then gave He then gave southern Italy to southern Italy to Emmanuel II = Emmanuel II = Unification of ItalyUnification of Italy
ItalyItaly
Italian forces then took over the Papal Italian forces then took over the Papal States and VeniceStates and Venice
GermanyGermany
NationalismNationalism from the French from the French Revolution also started German Revolution also started German unificationunification
GermanyGermany
Wilhelm I took over Wilhelm I took over PrussiaPrussia which was which was the most powerful the most powerful country of country of GermansGermans
GermanyGermany Otto von BismarckOtto von Bismarck was was
given power by Wilhelmgiven power by Wilhelm
Using war against Using war against Denmark and Austria, Denmark and Austria, Prussia under Bismarck Prussia under Bismarck won ending Austria’s won ending Austria’s power over the Germanspower over the Germans
Bismarck would use Bismarck would use RealpolitikRealpolitik which means which means by any means neccessaryby any means neccessary
GermanyGermany Germany then went to Germany then went to
war against France war against France because of the because of the EMS EMS telegramtelegram and took and took Alsace-LorraineAlsace-Lorraine
France and Germany France and Germany would hate each otherwould hate each other
Wilhelm I became Wilhelm I became KaiserKaiser of the united of the united Germany = 2Germany = 2ndnd Reich Reich
Nation-StatesNation-States
A A Nation-stateNation-state is a country that has is a country that has a common language, religion, a common language, religion, history, and ethnicityhistory, and ethnicity
The Austrian Empire
• Austria was made up of many different nationalities
The Ottoman Empire
The SpecificsThe Specifics•40 Million People, But…•“Sick Man of Europe”
•“Young Turks” Movement
•Dismemberment Began•Hot Spot – the Balkans
Balkans
•Russia and Austria will fight over the Balkans after the Ottoman Empire loses control
•1908 – Balkan League•Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913 led by Serbia•“Powder Keg” of Europe
Growth of the Empire