rew february 2012

JANUARY–FEBRUARY 2012 VOLUME 15 NUMBER 1

WHERE NEXT FOR ITALY?New opportunities and challenges in a

changing renewables market

HIGH-TECH TRANSPORTMoving wind turbines offshore – safely,

swiftly and cheaply

Survive the slowdown

SOLARSTRATEGY

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RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD JANUARY–FEBRUARY 2012 1

REGULARSFrom the Editor............................................................. 4

News/analysis ............................................................... 8A roundup of news from around the world

Company Results ..................................................... 54

Diary ................................................................................ 59

Advertisers Index ..................................................... 60

THE LAST WORDMoving solar forward ................................. 57While the solar PV industry has made tremendous strides in the Canadian market in the past year, there is still significant work to be done and each province faces different challenges. Ontario’s renewables programme proved that feed-in tariffs are a very effective means of creating market demand. Now the rest of the country needs to follow suit, and a national solar energy policy must be developed.By Jared Donald

THE BIG QUESTIONWhat’s ahead for renewables in 2012? ...... 16For our first Big Question feature of 2012, we asked readers to give us their hopes and fears, opinions and predictions for the year ahead, and to share their thoughts on what the industry might look like 12 months from now given the outcomes of the Durbannegotiations, the on-going shakeouts in major renewable energy sectors and the challenging global economic climate.

FEATURESPV market forecast: value chain blues ...... 22At the turn of the year, photovoltaics manufacturers are faced with difficult choices: continue selling at prices that don’t allow for positive margins, or shutter production and wait for the current situation to settle down. With tension between the demand and supply sides of the PV market (significant inventory on the supply side, and expectations on the demand side for continued low pricing), the correction is likely to be long and painful. By Paula Mints

A big future for small wind ......................... 28The small (less than 100 kW) wind turbine market has more than doubled over the past five years, spurred by increasingincentives and by growing end user awareness. According to GlobalData’s small wind turbine market report the sector has a huge potential for further growth, if the right incentives areput in place. By Raghunandan Kothamasu

CONTENTS

82 16



WHERE NEXT FOR ITALY?New opportunities and challenges in a

changing renewables market

HIGH-TECH TRANSPORTMoving wind turbines offshore – safely,

swiftly and cheaply

Survive the slowdown

SOLARSTRATEGY

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2 RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD JANUARY–FEBRUARY 2012

CONTENTS

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What will happen to Italy’s FiTs?................. 34European eyes are on the new Italian government to see what will happen to the nation’s renewable energy incentives under a ‘technocratic’ regime. The renewables market saw remarkable growth under the Berlusconi government, but are the current incentive mechanisms sustainable? Our analysis of a new KPMG report paints a complete picture of Italy’s renewable energy landscape for potential investors. By Rachana Raizada

Converting from coal to bioenergy ............ 38British utility RWE npower’s 1100 MW coal fired Tilbury power plant near London is being converted to a 750 MW biomass plant after closing in 2011. When fully operational, the 750 MW Tilbury plant will be the world’s largest biomass plant. We profile the project, examining the technical challenges of converting a41-year-old coal plant into a cutting-edge renewable energy power plant. Fuel supply chain issues will be critical in determining whether more coal plants can convert to biomass.By Tim Probert

Solar process heat for Europe................... 44There is enormous potential for using solar thermal systems in industry: about 30% of the total industrial heat demand is at temperature levels below 100°C, which can be provided with commercially available solar thermal collectors. But the market in Europe and globally is very much in its infancy; only a few hundred installations exist. The SO-PRO project aims to tackle thesebarriers and to trigger the startup of markets for solar process heat in six European regions. By Christiane Egger and Christine Öhlinger

High-tech offshore transport .................... 49The pressure to lower the overall cost of wind power meansthat where turbines are built and how they move betweenfactory, base port and field are more critical than ever. Manufacturers, developers and the rest of the offshore windsupply chain are working flat out to use the latest logisticstechnology in transporting turbines to Europe’s massive offshore wind resource – safely, swiftly and at the lowest possible cost. We talk to the key players to find out what they’re doing. By James Lawson

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Group Publisher Ralph Boon

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A new KPMG report suggests that energy and power projects are set to offer the best investment opportunities for the construction sector over the coming year, with renewable energy inevitably playing a major part.The company’s Global Construction Survey finds that the industry expects growth this year, yet economic uncertainty and government deficit or debt in some regions are still major concerns. Furthermore, a perceived lack of policies and leadership are seen as the biggest barriers to public-private partnership investment in infrastructure.Richard Threlfall, UK head of KPMG’s infrastructure, building and construction practice, explains: ‘Amidst a global “energy crunch” significant investments are needed in energy infrastructure to provide energy security at current levels and to allow for a low-carbon transition of our energy systems.’Threlfall adds: ‘With austerity policies in many countries constraining the scope for public sector spending, it is vital to create an environment that encourages private sector investment.’Indeed, the survey shows that economic uncertainty is still seen as the greatest systemic threat, with an overwhelming 80% citing concerns about governments’ ability to drive infrastructure spending and lack of official leadership as barriers to investment. Moreover, two-thirds of engineering and construction leaders believe that the private sector is not showing enough initiative, the company says.This analysis of the construction market follows on the heels of the latest in the ongoing quarterly series of renewable investment country attractiveness indices from Ernst & Young. According to this edition, China maintains its position at the top of the all-renewables index with the US, Germany, India and Italy leading the pack and the UK, France, Canada, Spain and Brazil finishing up the top 10.The report observes that competition for limited capital and drive for increased efficiencies have combined to define the renewable energy sector over the past 12 months. As with KPMG’s analysis, the report says that investor hesitation has grown because of conflicting government policy signals, ranging from decreased FiTs to a drop-off in loan guarantees. But, at the same time, these same governments are struggling to overcome the dilemma of how to deliver secure, low-cost energy without impeding the market and while also creating jobs.It seems that there are clear, if somewhat disturbing, conclusions to be drawn from these reports. Evidently the appetite for new energy infrastructure has, if anything, grown in the last year, and this trend is expected to continue and intensify as the move to a low-carbon world accelerates. Simultaneously, with public sector finances largely in disarray, governments are consistently falling far short of the mark if their intention to drive private sector renewable energy investment is to be achieved.

DavidAppleyardChief Editor

FROM THE EDITOR

Member, BPA Worldwide


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NEWS ANALYSIS

RENEWABLE MERGERS ANDACQUISITIONS HIT STRIDE

POLICY & MARKETS

Deal values for renewable energy rose 40% year on year, from US$38.2 billion

in 2010 to a record $53.5 billion in 2011, reports Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PwC) in its annual global analysis of merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions in the sector.

With renewable technologies entering the big time and driving the market to new record highs, billion dollar deals dominated as solar, wind and energy efficiency overtook hydropower as the driver for big values for the first time.

One in every three deals in 2011 was solar and overall deal value for the sector is up 56% from $10.2 billion to $15.8 billion. There was also continued strong momentum behind deal activity in the energy efficiency sector and, buoyed by the increase in big transactions, deal value in these two sectors nearly doubled year on year. Together, these two sectors accounted for the vast majority (79%) of the $15.3 billion increase in the total value of all renewables deals.

According to the PwC analysis, European deal volumes dipped 6% but overall value rose 80% from $16.7 billion to $30 billion, while North American deal volumes dipped a similar amount at 5%, but with deal value also down 5% from $13 billion to $412.4 billion. However, South American deal volumes rose 90%, with total value up from $3.2 billion to $6.8 billion, and the Asia Pacific region saw its deal volume down by 26% in 2011 over 2010, but value rose 15% from $4 billion to $4.6 billion.

BEHIND THE INCREASEPwC suggests that a reappraisal of the role of nuclear in many countries’ national energy strategies after the Fukushima emergency has provided an extra impulse for renewable generation in certain markets.

Furthermore, falling solar prices are making solar power more economical and closer to grid parity in some markets. The entrance

of pension and insurance funds, most notably via the $1.3 billion investment by Danish pension insurance groups in offshore wind in Denmark, confirms the trend towards a maturing market and the creation of secondary markets. But the report also warns that the sector is facing considerable growing pains.

SOLAR AND WINDAs well as expecting to see a smaller number of global players in the solar market, PwC also says that consolidation among larger players is likely to occur in the windpower sector, adding that two recent profit warnings from Vestas are the most high-profile example of the challenges facing some windpower companies.

Ronan O’Regan, director of renewables and cleantech at PwC, observed: ‘As offshore wind projects increase in size, the need for a strong balance sheet to support the technology becomes more important. This creates scope this year for a landmark wind power combination between players from one or more of Asia Pacific, Europe and North America.’

Commenting on the overall findings, Paul Nillesen, partner, PwC renewables, said: ‘Dealmaking in the renewables and energy efficiency sectors is intensifying as the sector evolves. Sustained high deal numbers and record total value reflect a maturing of the sector. The trend is all the more noteworthy given the uncertainty in the market and in government policies on renewables.’

On the solar sector Nillesen continues: ‘US and European manufacturers are coming under cost pressures. Some Chinese manufacturers also face heavy debt and are under competitive strain. There is significant overcapacity in China. The result is likely to be a succession of tie-ups within and between the main manufacturing territories of the US, Germany and China leading to a smaller number of big global players.’

Continued rolling uncertainty on the eurozone crisis will make the deal environment much more difficult for 2012 and a deeper crisis would undoubtedly dampen deal flow further, but Nillesen is optimistic that market uncertainty might not block the big deals, saying: ‘Staying out of the markets in the hope things will improve cannot be assumed to be the right strategy. The potential for further destabilisation domestically, or at an inter-governmental level, cannot be ruled out, but if a deal is highly strategic and mission-critical, then parties will still feel it is worth doing on the right terms.’

A WIDER CONTEXTPutting renewables into a wider energy M&A context, PwC believes that a major shift in global power M&A activity is taking place, ending a six year era of European dominance in power deals. According to the company’s annual Power Deals report, the eurozone crisis is having a double-edged effect on deals. On the one hand it is constraining finance, while on the other it is expected to lead to deal flow. It is also prompting a flow of privatisations as governments sell power assets as part of their austerity measures, and leading to further currency weakness, strengthening overseas buyers.

Market uncertaintymight not block thebig deals

Asia Pacific buyers and sellers were behind the largest number of deals in 2011 and any softening of valuations in Europe will likely reinforce their deal interest in the European marketplace, as well as the strength of the yen and renminbi against the euro, PwC believes.

Indeed, in the last 12 months, Europe has recorded its lowest share of worldwide power deal value since PwC started analysing deal-making in the sector in 1999, with the total deal value in Europe

plummeting 43% year on year to stand at $39.8 billion (from $70.3 billion the year before). But this $30.5 billion fall in power deal target value in Europe was more than made up for by a $58.5 billion increase in North America.

DIVESTMENT IN EUROPEA strong theme which is expected to intensify this year is European divestment programmes, with the major power utilities needing to strengthen their balance sheets to make the big investments required in their core markets while retaining the flexibility to seek out growth markets. E.ON and RWE are both planning major divestments in 2012.

The capital expenditure and growth challenges faced by European utilities are all the greater because of current constrained debt markets and more limited financing options. This reduction in capital-raising options will continue to spur divestments by the major European power utilities, PwC says.

Andrew McCrosson, partner, UK power and utilities, PwC, said: ‘European utilities face a tricky balance. We’re going to see some interesting new partnerships in the years ahead as companies intensify their relationships with alternative sources of funding. It will mean a step-up in partnerships with sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and infrastructure funds. The Chinese state-owned power companies could play a role as well as other active Asia Pacific investors.’

Manfred Wiegand, global power and utilities leader, PwC, says: ‘It’s a different M&A world that is less euro-centric. European companies are looking to South America and other growth markets. Asia Pacific buyers are busy in Europe. The US deal flow is compelling and has further to go if current deals get the regulatory green light. There are plenty of reasons to expect deal flow to continue unless the current crisis has a worldwide recessionary effect.’


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NEWS ANALYSIS

BEST RISK MANAGEMENTSOLUTIONS ARE IDENTIFIED

POLICY & MARKETS

Global economic woes have taken their toll, but investment in renewable

projects is still strong and since 2010 has surpassed investment in new fossil fuel plants.

But – as a new report by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) of Swiss Re reminds us – as investment grows, so too do the risks involved in owning, managing and operating such installations.

To gain insight into the sector’s own estimation of the significant risks involved in renewable projects, the EIU surveyed 280 senior executives in the renewable energy industry. The respondents were based in western Europe (Germany, the UK, Denmark, Spain and Italy), North America and Australia. The results detail the ways that industry executives are managing and reducing risk, the instruments they are using to transfer some of these risks, and the risk management challenges they face.

RENEWABLES RISINGAlthough just 33% of survey respondents said that renewable energy is highly significant for their business strategy today, 61% expect this to be the case in three years’ time. Almost half (46%) of respondents expect annual growth of over 15% in their firms’ renewable energy investment.

Interestingly, the respondents tended to have the highest growth expectations for the renewable energy technology in which they themselves were actively involved. For example, while 48% of the total survey sample expected ‘high’ or ‘very high’ growth in installed wind power capacity, among wind energy firms the figure was 73%; and while 47% of the total sample expected ‘high’ or ‘very high’ growth in solar energy capacity, the figure among solar specialists was 86%.

TYPES OF RISKThe report identifies several significant types of risk, including building and testing risk; business/strategic risk; environmental

risk; financial risk; market risk; operational risk; political/regulatory risk; and weather-related volume.

Of those surveyed, 76% identified financial risk as the most significant associated with renewable energy projects. 62% identified political and regulatory risk as significant, and 66% of respondents involved in wind power mentioned weather-related volume risk.

EARLY RISKThe general perception among survey respondents was that the earlier stages in the lifecycle of a renewable energy plant are often riskier than the latter stages. Some 24% of respondents assessed the financing stage of renewable energy project development as ‘high risk’ – more than any other stage. And 30% of respondents from companies with revenue below US$500 million described the overall degree of risk associated with financing a project as ‘high’, while among larger companies the survey found a lower figure (18%).

Another early type of risk, political and regulatory risk, was identified by 15% of survey respondents as a ‘high’ risk, second only to financial risk in importance, while a further 46% of respondents rated political and regulatory risk as ‘medium’.

Among the types of risk likely to materialise in the later stages of a

project, weather-related risk was, unsurprisingly, rated differently by survey respondents from different renewable energy sectors. Some 18% of respondents from the wind sector described weather-related volume risk as a ‘high’ risk, while 47% rated it ‘medium’ risk. But only 7% of respondents from the solar sector described weather-related volume risk as a ‘high’ risk, while 41% rated it ‘medium’.

OBSTACLESThe report points to significant obstacles to risk management in the renewables industry. Although 70% of respondents say they are successful in identifying risk, fewer are successful at mitigating it (61%) or transferring it (50%). Obstacles to more effective risk management include restricted availability of both industry data and suitable risk transfer mechanisms.

Many respondents pointed to diversification across geographies and technologies as the single most powerful tool to mitigate regulatory and weather-related volume risk. And 55% of respondents said they mitigate operational risk by relying on proven technologies.

Of the survey respondents, 60% use insurance policies to transfer risk to third parties, making it the most common risk transfer mechanism. However, the

use of alternative mechanisms such as weather-based financial derivatives appears to be growing, and the renewable energy sector also makes heavy use of service contracts with hardware suppliers to transfer operational risk. But some executives told the EIU that they retain regulatory and weather-related volume risk because they see few cost-effective alternatives.

According to the report, 38% of executives expect to make additional use of financial derivatives to transfer risk over the next three years, and 34% special purpose vehicles and 55% insurance. Renewable energy executives told the EIU that they expect wider availability of more standardised products, notably weather derivatives, insurance and hedging contracts.

CONCLUSIONSBased on the survey, the report offers several recommendations, most importantly that companies should intensify their efforts to reduce and mitigate risk. Even so, given that effective risk transfer products are limited in availability developers should focus on mitigating specific risks and on reducing general business risk – for example, by sharing risk with joint venture partners, or by investing in late stage developments. The report also advises companies to focus on industry collaboration and partnerships as a way of reducing risk. Companies might pool information or spares, or jointly collect relevant weather data.

Finally, the report advises renewable power developers to foster industry expertise and product development. The EIU believes that more comprehensive information and data on renewable energy technologies, together with industry education programmes, may enable the development of expertise both within the renewable energy sector and among external stakeholders, potentially paving the way for more available and effective risk transfer products.

As investment in renewable energy grows, so too does the risk. MAXIME DUPUIS


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NEWS ANALYSIS

EUROPEAN OFFSHORE WINDSECTOR HOLDS STEADY

OFFSHORE WIND

With 235 new offshore wind turbines grid-connected and worth approximately

€2.4 billion, 2011 was a stable year for the offshore wind industry, according to the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) which has published its annual offshore wind statistics for 2011.

A total power capacity of 866 MW were fully grid connected across nine offshore wind farms over the year, although EWEA figures show this is in fact slightly down on the 2010 numbers of 883 MW installed and connected. However, nine offshore wind farms currently under construction will bring an additional 2375 MW online – increasing the EU’s total installed offshore wind power capacity by 62%. These figures compare with 2008’s 327 MW and 2009’s 584 MW of offshore wind installed.

A total of 1371 offshore turbines have now been grid-connected across the EU, with a total power capacity of 3813 MW in 53 wind farms in 10 European countries.

Mostly in northwestern Europe, new offshore wind farms with a capacity of 5.6 GW are currently under construction in the UK, Germany and Belgium. The majority (87%) of all newly installed and grid-connected offshore wind power in 2011 was in British waters.

European companies are currently global leaders, with over 99% of the world’s installed offshore capacity in European waters. Siemens supplied 80% of the MW installed offshore last year while SSE and RWE Innogy were the most active developers and DONG Energy continued to be the most active equity player in offshore wind power, EWEA says.

Areas for growth in offshore wind energy include turbine and turbine component manufacturing as well as substructures, vessels, electrical infrastructure including high voltage subsea cables, and ports.

Over 141 GW of offshore wind energy capacity is built, under construction, consented, or planned in Europe. These new

wind farms – representing 35 times more capacity than the just under 4 GW installed today – would provide 13.1% of Europe’s total electricity production. EWEA’s target for installed EU offshore wind power capacity by 2020 is 40 GW, producing approximately 4% of the EU’s total electricity consumption.

In addition, some 169,000 jobs in the EU offshore wind energy sector are expected to be created by 2020, rising to 300,000 by 2030, according to EWEA’s latest analysis.

However, the new report warns that if the offshore wind energy sector’s potential is to be fulfilled in Europe, it is imperative that sufficient levels of financing are brought in by investors. Also crucial are the financing and building of offshore power grids in the northern and Baltic seas, which would enable huge amounts of electricity to be transported to consumers.

For the industry itself, there is the risk of a high-voltage subsea cable shortage in the next few years which must be addressed urgently, says the report, as

well as a possible shortage of trained workers.

‘There is huge developer interest in offshore wind energy across Europe,’ observed Arthouros Zervos, president of EWEA. He added: ‘Developers, governments and investors realise that offshore wind energy offers the growth and jobs that Europe desperately needs. The offshore wind energy sector can replicate the success of onshore wind technology development, which is now a mainstream source of power competitive with new coal and gas plants, and a major European industry. However, to ensure this happens, EU decision makers need to set ambitious renewable energy targets beyond 2020, invest more in research and develop an offshore grid.’

Commenting on the numbers, Justin Wilkes, policy director of EWEA, says: ‘The offshore wind sector witnessed a stable market in 2011. Despite the economy-wide financial squeeze, 2011 saw a 40% increase on the previous year in offshore

non-recourse debt financing, up from €1.46 billion in 2010 to €2.05 billion in 2011.’

He concludes: ‘The strong project pipeline and financial developments highlight the importance of countries continuing to provide and develop stable long-term frameworks for offshore wind power in order to allow the industry to continue its development’.

According to an even more recent analysis by EWEA, the EU achieved its 2010 renewable electricity target of 21% of electricity consumption as set out in its 2001 Renewable Electricity Directive.

According to the trade group’s analysis of provisional EUROSTAT data, as well as EurObserv’ER and EURELECTRIC figures, in 2010 renewable energies produced between 665 TWh and 673 TWh, hitting the 21% target given that total consumption was around 3115 TWh to 3175 TWh.

If renewable electricity production in the EU continued to grow at the same rate as it did from 2005 to 2010 it would account for 36.4% of electricity in 2020 and 51.6% in 2030. ‘The renewable electricity targets set back in 2001 have been realistic as well as effective,’ said Wilkes.

He added: ‘The growth achieved in the last five years has been outstanding and if continued would result in over half of the EU’s electricity coming from renewables by 2030. A long-term stable framework, underpinned by an ambitious 2030 renewable energy target, is clearly the proven way to ensure Europe meets its climate, competitiveness and energy security goals.’

‘The growth of renewables between 2005 and 2010 was largely carried by onshore wind. In future the renewables sector will benefit from significant growth in offshore wind and other technologies as they become more mature,’ he concluded.

EUROSTAT is due to publish definitive 2010 figures in a few months’ time.

2011 was a stable year for the offshore wind industrySIEMENS


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Answers for infrastructure.

All indicators point to continued growth for onshore and

offshore wind power – for economic reasons and also

because wind power is an important contribution to CO2

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speed up new wind projects.

ENEAS (Efficient Network and Energy Automation Systems)

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Out-of-the-box solutions ensure faster ROI and quick project implementation

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NEWS ANALYSIS

EUROPEAN SOLAR IN GOODSHAPE, SAYS LUX ANALYST

FORECASTING SOLAR DEMAND

Europe’s solar market is in good shape despite the global financial crisis, a new

study by Lux Research shows. Small European markets will show favourable returns in the near term, the study predicts, while Asian markets will rise over the next few years. Portugal’s market is currently the hottest – for solar investors able to undertake projects under the nation’s installations cap. The Portuguese internal rate of return (IRR) remained high in 2011 and is projected to push the annual market to nearly 400 MW in 2016. At number two is the solar market in Cyprus, followed by Hawaii, Greece and Israel.

‘Uncertainty surrounding Europe’s financial situation and its countries’ ability to pay out incentives will prevent wild growth – keeping that market relatively constant,’ explains Matt Feinstein, the Lux Research analyst who led the study. ‘However, a number of Asian markets have high returns going into 2012 – notably Malaysia at 24.1%, the Philippines at 22.6%, and Japan at 20.9%. They will push demand toward that region in 2012 and 2013.’

The study, which Lux Research terms the Solar Demand Forecaster, tracks IRR and projects future growth through 2016 for six key PV technologies – monocrystalline silicon (c-Si), multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), thin-film silicon (TF-Si) and high concentrating photovoltaic modules (HCPV). Lux says the study offers a metric for investors to compare demand and project growth for solar across disparate markets.

REW asked Feinstein to comment further on the processes involved in the study and its results.

ANALYST Q&AREW: You analysed 50 US states, 31 Chinese provinces and semi-autonomous regions, and 75 countries/regions. How (broadly)

does each category break down? That is, which states, provinces, countries etc are most significant and why?

Feinstein: For the US states, California and northeast states with SREC markets have shown the best returns. Even though systems normally only generate SRECs for three years or so, prices are so high that the investment is well worth it. Among countries elsewhere, small European subsidies show favourable returns there, but of course the financial crisis has led to decreasing confidence about the growth potential in that market – not to mention that it is already well-saturated with solar, and suppliers are looking elsewhere to enable broader distribution, immunising their forecasts from the risk associated with uncertain subsidies.

REW: You broke down IRR for residential, commercial and utility installations. How do these areas compare broadly in terms of

growth, and how do they compare between key regions?

Feinstein: It largely depends on the subsidy scheme, when looking at specific regions. In India, some states prefer utility-scale installations, whereas others give generous rebates on residential systems. In total, the commercial segment is the largest, but growing slowest. Residential is smallest and growing the fastest – leading to a relatively equal split in five years.

REW: Tell us more about the top five locations (Portugal, Cyprus, Hawaii, Greece and Israel) as they figure in your analysis.

Feinstein: Truth is, the numbers work out nicely there – IRR enables an apples-to-apples comparison despite the size of a market – but these are all relatively small markets that won’t figure largely into the broad demand picture.

REW: Describe the method behind the SDF.

Feinstein: We compile data from the solar end – module and balance of systems pricing, module efficiencies, financing, O&M costs, etc – and electricity prices and demand, and solar insolation, by region. We can then calculate the levelised cost of energy (LCOE) of a system by geography, technology, and application. As we understand up-front investment, cost-per-kWh generated, and the value of returns over time (subsidies, energy), we can determine IRR. Based on historical installations and total addressable market, we correlate that to projected MW installed.

REW: Finally, can you offer our readers some more detailed predictions?

Feinstein: Asia – South Asia, specifically – becomes a heavy riser medium- and long-term as Europe declines. North America – specifically the US – takes that demand in the short-term, as long as the investment tax credit (ITC) is still around.

Europe is doing well in the near term but in the coming years will decline in favour of Asia JUWI


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NEWS ANALYSIS

CHINA MAKES PROGRESS ONPERCEPTIONS OF QUALITY

INVERTER MARKET

Is the German utility business model dead or dying? This outcome would at least appear

credible given the conclusions emerging from the 2nd Inverter and PV System Technology Forum 2012, held recently in Berlin.

With the country set to phase out its nuclear generation capacity, to be replaced with a major investment programme in renewables, it would seem that the growing emergence of domestic PV will skew the current – largely centralised – electricity production scenario.

Indeed, according to trade group the German Solar Industry Association (BSW-Solar), further solar expansion in Germany will see its share in the country’s electricity mix increase by 70% by 2016 from around 4% this year. Furthermore, BSW-Solar believes, by 2020 the solar industry is to increase its share of electricity consumption in Germany to more than 10%.

According to new analysis from IHS iSuppli Germany is nonetheless likely to lose its place as the world’s top PV market in 2011, with installations during 2011 expected to decline to 5.9 GW, down 20% from the 7.4 GW seen in 2010.

Dr Henning Wicht, director and principal analyst for PV at IHS, explains that installations in the country stalled in the first half of 2011, and while there was a second half recovery it was insufficient to generate growth for the whole year.

Nonetheless, the rapid increase in solar power – and therefore the rising volume of locally produced electricity being fed into the grid – is posing huge challenges to the operators of both plant and grid. Responding to these challenges, inverter manufacturers are improving the communications and energy management capabilities of these devices, which will potentially allow a significant proportion of naturally occurring volatility to be effectively smoothed out.

However, despite the worldwide increase in new PV installations this year, component prices in the

solar supply chain are largely on the decline. The weak demand in Europe will lead to further price battles in 2012, IHS believes, with the primary field of contention being module and polysilicon prices. Worldwide demand is expected to pick up by April 2012, driven by demand in Europe as well as by supportive local programmes coming online in China and the emergence of new markets such as India.

STRONG IN CHINAIn the inverters sector – which has proved more resilient to the pricing shocks that have characterised the module market – quality has continued to command a price premium. But, backed by government policies designed to promote clean energy and a strong financial upside that encourages investment, shipments in China are set to nearly quadruple within four years, according to IHS iSuppli.

Inverter shipments in China will amount to 5.5 GW by 2015, equivalent to a compound annual growth rate of 31% from 1.4 GW at the end of 2011. Growth this year was particularly energetic as shipments soared 117% from 657 MW last year. The market expansion will amount to an impressive 85% to 2.6 GW next year, after which more modest increases will take place.

IHS argues that the growth of the Chinese inverter market during the next four years will boost the country’s standing in the worldwide solar inverter space. In 2010, the country had only a 3% share of global PV inverter shipments, compared to 42% for Germany, 22% for Italy, 7% for the Czech Republic, 6% for the US and Japan, and 4% for France. By 2015, however, China will be expected to account for 13% of the market – a substantial increase.

A FAVOURABLE MARKETA major supporter and notable driving force behind Chinese PV

inverter growth is the national government. Indeed, three directives were enacted in 2011 alone by the state-controlled National Development and Reform Council that will benefit the domestic PV inverter segment.

Financial considerations also are a powerful incentive. Compared to the solar cell and battery module segments, for instance, PV inverters in China are not subject to as much price pressure, representing a much smaller share of the cost of the entire PV system – only around 7%. The number of domestic inverter companies is also fewer than those of the batteries and PV cells sector, and inverters enjoy better gross margins compared to other components.

Among local inverter manufacturers, Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd is one of the few players to have acquired substantial market share, with more than 40% of the domestic inverter space, exceeding even the reach of foreign firms such as US-based Emerson.

China’s utility market last year accounted for 54% of total domestic inverter revenue, followed by the commercial market at 42% and the residential segment at 4%. Inverter output ranging from 10 kW to 499 kW took a majority share of the market, trailed by inverters larger than 500 kW. At the same time, vendors like Sungrow are developing larger-output power inverters because of higher efficiency and lower cost per watt.

FUTURE TRENDSMeanwhile, IMS Research’s new report: PV Inverter Customer Opinions & Requirements Survey reveals a number of interesting trends for PV inverters in the future as well as reasons behind buyers’ choice of supplier and product.

Whilst there was very strong brand preference for Western suppliers of inverters, with SMA Solar Technology confirmed as clear leader for example, many customers indicated that they

trusted Chinese brands too, with those in Italy and the UK being the most accepting. Despite this, the survey found that most customers still prefer Western inverter suppliers and had several demands for better products.

Commenting in the report, co-author and market analyst Cormac Gilligan said: ‘The most important product feature for string inverters was having more MPPT channels and a wider MPP range. Whilst central inverter customers also want this, they see improved system monitoring and fault detection as of ultimate importance to them’.

Worldwide demandis expected to pick up by April

The ongoing trend of building large installations using three phase string inverters was also evident from the survey and more than 70% of respondents indicated they would consider using a string inverter in PV systems over 750 kW. In fact, more than 30% said they would use string inverters to build MW-sized projects.

Nearly 70% of customers wanted monitoring diagnostics right down to the string level, with 15% wanting to monitor each panel individually. This appears to show a great opportunity for panel-level electronics and monitoring.

Although customers were expecting better-performing inverter products in future, with more features and higher efficiencies, most expect prices to fall over the next three years with most expecting a 20%–30% reduction, IMS reports.

‘Nearly half of all customers said that they determined their inverter price based on their overall system budget. With module and system prices falling rapidly, this inherently puts more pressure on inverter prices to fall too’, concluded IMS’s Gilligan.


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REPOWERAPPLIED MATERIALS

What do we hope for in 12 months’ time?In each edition, REW asks leading players in the industry to give their verdict on a key issue of the moment.

For our first Big Question feature of 2012, we asked readers to give us their hopes and fears, opinions and predictions for the year ahead given the outcomes (or lack thereof) of the climate negotiations in Durban, ongoing shakeouts in major renewable energy sectors and the challenging global economic climate.

THE BIGQUESTION

Due to 2011’s lower demand, oversupply of some components and products, limited credit availability, increased manufacturing capacity and higher silicon supply, solar module prices have experienced a sharp decline. The emergence of Chinese PV cell manufacturers producing solar cells at a lower cost than US companies further dropped prices. In response, some US manufacturers were forced to reduce prices, decrease margins, close some manufacturing facilities, or even declare bankruptcy. Nevertheless, these challenges

have not affected overall investment in solar energy.

Also, lower module prices have helped reduce the price of solar energy, making solar more competitive with other forms of electricity generation. Module prices are expected to further decline at a lower rate during the next five years, making solar more affordable in the absence of subsidies.

The PV market in North America is projected to grow at a CAGR of 42% from 2011 to 2015. Wind and geothermal are projected to grow at 17% and 7%, respectively.

US wind installations decreased by almost 50% in 2010 due to the economic crisis and lower fuel and energy prices. However, the market began to show signs of recovery in 2011. More than 7 GW of wind capacity is expected to be installed in the US in 2012, a 25% increase on 2011. This is fueled by the proximate expiration of the Loan Guarantee programme, the production tax credit (PTC) and the investment tax credit (ITC), the main drivers for the wind market.

As developers rush to complete projects before the

expiration deadline, the market will experience an acceleration of installations, especially during Q1 and Q2 of 2012. If the tax credit is not extended, a major halt throughout the entire industry can be anticipated in the second half of 2012. Contracts and investments will be indefinitely put on hold. However, a long-term extension of the PTC would allow developers to plan more accurately for growth and allow manufacturers sufficient lead time to provide an ample amount of turbines to accommodate high demand.

GEORGINA BENEDETTI, ENERGY & POWER SYSTEMS SENIOR ANALYST, FROST & SULLIVAN

THE BIG QUESTION



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THE BIG QUESTION

The Chinese solar industry will achieve unprecedented growth in 2012, adding more than 2.8 GW thanks to two developments: the 12th Five Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development 2011-15 and the feed-in tariff (FiT) scheme.

China only had 893 MW of solar installed capacity at the end of 2010 and is expected to have gained an additional 1.7 GW in 2011. The country is expected to surpass the US in 2012 to become the third largest PV market in the world, based on annual installed capacity. According to the 12th Five Year Plan, targets for installed capacity are expected to be set at 10 GW by 2015 and 50 GW by 2020. This 2015 target implies an annual growth of over 1000%. Under the plan, China is promoting the development of smaller-scale distributed solar projects in populated

areas. This will attract private small and medium enterprises to the installation market, as large players will focus on bigger projects.

China also announced mid-2011 FiTs that mandated minimum prices grid operators must pay at 15 cents/kWh. This is expected to be paired with clean energy quotas for grid operators and is aimed at guaranteeing market demand for the solar power produced.

Installation growth may also be positive for domestic companies facing weakened demand in Europe and over-capacity buildup. Stock prices of Chinese solar companies, like those of their peers, have plummeted in the last four to five months. However, strong growth in domestic installations may bring something to cheer about for the Chinese solar companies.

For the past decade Western countries have led the way in the cleantech sector, pioneering new ideas and setting standards by working to minimise the carbon footprints of entire nations. But the future is no longer looking as rosy, or more accurately, not as green. Business is slowing down and the financial support of governments is no longer guaranteed. As a result Asian countries have appeared both as a new source of revenue for those in the West as well as competitors with cutting-edge technologies of their own.

In a bid to become the world’s leading producer of renewable energy, China is paving the way and is now working to make the manufacturing process as green as the end products.

The outlook for western companies who have heavily invested in R&D is perhaps not as glum as it seems. The shift

from West to East brings with it some big opportunities and venture capital activity in China is on the up. In 2011 alone, clean energy financing in China was worth US$1.4 billion and many deals have been made with Western companies which can provide valuable intellectual property, products, expertise and contacts.

Venture capitalactivity in Chinais on the up

It is now down to Western companies to seize their chance and identify partnerships and investment opportunities in the Chinese cleantech space. The potential is too huge to be missed and with the domestic economic situation not looking likely to improve any time soon, not doing so could spell the end for many businesses.

SHAMINDER SINGH RAGI, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, GLOBALDATA

GREG SUTCH, CEO, INTRALINK

HANWHA SOLARONEE2012 will be an inflection point for the PV industry. The market prediction is forecast to be 25 GW of new capacity. This estimate could be significantly higher if the market elasticity to price creates the response long expected for solar power, or lower if the feed-in tariffs (FiTs) in Germany and Italy drop dramatically or are capped and the inertia needed to access competitive markets is too much to overcome.

Based on improvements in cell efficiencies and production economies of scale, today’s manufacturing cost per watt can range from as low as US$0.82 to $1.05. With a continuous progression of cost reduction inherent in production, supply chain and module technologies,

the reality of mainstream global grid parity is close. In fact, continuing cost declines in PV power production are enabling unsubsidised markets to grow in emerging economies and in meeting the peak power demands being amplified with the decommissioning of old, polluting power stations. In the US we see homeowners seizing the initiative, one rooftop at a time, to break free of the wired world.

One exemplary emerging market is South Africa where PV is competing with coal-generated electricity. As PV expands across the globe, varying economic and infrastructure conditions give rise to a growing number of different business models. In

some countries, especially developing nations, distributed local generation has been the norm and can permanently sidestep the need for a wired infrastructure. Power is consumed close to where it is

generated. As cost reduction accelerates, local infrastructure and local self-reliance will motivate and inspire policies and business strategies that leverage these advancements by creating local jobs and prosperity proportionate to the creative energy of individuals.

However 2012 takes shape, the future for renewables remains exciting. Regardless of the economic environment, what some may overlook is the speed of change, as PV adoption continues to grow. In the future, we’ll see a convergence of smart communication technologies with energy production and distribution. The potential of creating a wireless world of energy and information with local jobs is yet to be tapped.

CHARLIE GAY, PRESIDENT, APPLIED SOLAR

APPPLIED MATERIALS


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THE BIG QUESTION


It will come as no surprise to anyone involved in the renewable energy market that the expiration of the cash grant programme under Section 1603 of the US Internal Revenue Code will have a negative impact on the overall volume of US renewable energy projects financed and closed in 2012 and possibly 2013. Anecdotal evidence suggests that a significant volume of Q4 2011 transactions were driven by the need for safe harbour under Section 1603; thus the expiration’s impact will not be immediately obvious during the first six to nine months of 2012.

2011’s debt market for renewable energy financing was strong, although lenders continued to be more cautious and some pullback was

noticeable. It was reported recently that an existing long-term bank loan on a wind project was restructured and the tenor reduced to 10 years from 18 years, with pricing at LIBOR + 275 basis points and increased up-front fees. The sponsor was also required to increase its equity contribution.

In 2012, capital markets solutions will continue to be explored. We continue to work on securitisation structures and it would not surprise me if a securitised debt transaction (or variation thereof) is closed during the latter half of 2012. Alternatively, banks using their balance sheets to finance renewable projects will look at repackaging such debt into capital markets instruments.

MADELEINE TAN, PARTNER, STRUCTURED FINANCE GROUP, KAYE SCHOLER LLP

The past five years have brought considerable changes to geothermal development, which has accelerated in many parts of the world, both in countries (such as New Zealand, Indonesia and the US) that have a traditional interest in ‘conventional’ geothermal resources, and in countries without this historical interest (such as Australia and Germany). Some new developments have followed well-worn paths in conventional hydrothermal resources in volcanic regions, while Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) projects in non-volcanic regions have struck out in new directions. Technology has allowed for development of conventional resources with lower temperature, restricted

water access, and constrained surface utilisation. EGS projects have launched in a variety of different directions and places (the US currently has six active EGS developments).

Future expansion depends on exploring for new fields and overcoming technical challenges in known but not-yet-exploited fields. Two issues that are currently being addressed by the world geothermal community are: (1) the ‘productivity gap’ in the exploitation of fields that are too hot for downhole pumps, but too cool for flash production; and (2) the development of reliable EGS development procedures that can ensure sustainable flow rates and assure the public that induced seismicity will not be a problem.

ROLAND HORNE, PRESIDENT, INTERNATIONAL GEOTHERMAL ASSOCIATION

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THE BIG QUESTION

It’s hard to see how much of anything good has come out of the climate talks in South Africa, as most of the fundamental issues remain unresolved.

The Eurozone crisis continues to deepen, the Chinese economy is threatening to stall, and the ‘Arab Spring’ seems to be turning into the winter of discontent; and the war drums are starting to beat in Washington again. We’re having the warmest La Niña year in history, the Greenland and Antarctic icecaps are getting shakier and shakier, and even the IEA’s chief economist says governments only have five years to get their act together or the window for avoiding more than 2°C of global mean temperature rise will be all but closed.

In this context, it’s hard to make a rosy prediction for wind energy markets in 2012.

From a global perspective, it seems like 2011 will turn out to have been a pretty good year. Installations continue at a frantic rate in China; India and Canada both seem headed for record years; the European market will

be pretty steady overall, and we’re starting see major growth in Latin America, led by Brazil with Mexico coming on strong behind. The volatile US market seems headed for a

strong year, which although not up to the 10 GW installed in 2009, will be well ahead of last year’s 5 GW market.

The single biggest factor affecting the global market in 2012 will be determined by the US Congress: if, and for how long, the PTC will be extended. If the Eurozone falls apart, that can’t be good news for the European market, although if the crisis is brought under control, then I think we’ll see strong markets in 2012, especially offshore. The Latin American boom should continue to grow in Brazil and Mexico, and new markets will begin to deliver megawatts in the ground in Kenya, South Africa, Mongolia and other nations. Outstanding issues around the new Japanese FiT are supposed to get settled in spring; a positive outcome there could presage a growing market. Our own 2011 projections forecast an annual market of about 48 GW in 2012. This could be optimistic, but by spring we may be looking back and snickering at the gloomy uncertainty of the second half of 2011.

UK wind energy may be subsidised, but the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) has already started the process of cutting funding to the offshore and onshore sectors by reducing the value of Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs).

At the same time, fossil fuel prices are up; as far as cost efficiency is concerned, according to Bloomberg, the two could achieve parity by 2016. The same report states that the best wind farms in the world already produce power as economically as coal, gas and nuclear generators. In the case of nuclear, the decommissioning costs alone far exceed the cost per MW of a wind installation.

Ideal conditions around the UK mean that sea-based wind power could supply more than enough energy for the country. Costs are currently

high compared to onshore wind, but an industry-led task force will reduce development, construction and operational costs to £100/MWh (US$157) by 2020. As with any new technology, costs will fall steeply as the offshore wind industry gains experience and achieves economies of scale with the Round 3 projects expected to be built from 2015.

There has recently been criticism about wind farms shutting down during periods of over-production. Balancing electricity supply and demand by reducing power station output is a feature of any grid. In the UK we typically require 50% more supply at 4pm than at 4am, and there are peaks and troughs throughout the day. Wind farms now being part of this balancing mechanism is a sign of the industry maturing,

and of their versatility. It is easier, and cheaper, to shut down a wind farm during a few low-demand hours than to shut down a nuclear power station for a few hours.

The challenge we face today is less intermittency than connectivity. A modern grid system is the key to ensuring that our wind resource is used to its maximum effect, so that power produced in regions that have wind can easily be supplied to areas that don’t. The

European Supergrid will be the ultimate solution, distributing power from renewable energy sources across continents.

Research by the German government into the scenario of 100% energy supply from renewables in Europe by 2050 found that only Denmark can produce renewable energy cheaper than the UK. But nobody is claiming that wind is the only answer to our future energy supply; it’s just part of the solution. Wind can deliver the power balance we need in a cost effective and climate neutral fashion. And let’s not forget the other benefit that the renewable industry can bring to the UK: green jobs – up to 90,000 of them by 2020 in the wind, wave and tidal sector and its supply chain – something the UK needs in the harsh economic environment of today.

STEVE SAWYER, SECRETARY GENERAL, GLOBAL WIND ENERGY COUNCIL

RICK EGGLESTON, MANAGING DIRECTOR, REPOWER UK

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PV: 2012 FORECAST

PV FIRE SALEAt the turn of the year, photovoltaics manufacturers are faced with difficult choices: continue selling at prices that do not allow for positive margins, or shutter production and wait for the current situation to settle down. With significant inventory on the supply side, and expectations on the demand side for continued low pricing, the correction is likely to be long and painful. Paula Mints explores the issues and offers predictions for the next year in PV.

INDUSTRY VALUE CHAIN BLUES

There is significant tension currently between the demand and supply sides of the PV market.SIEMENS


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PV: 2012 FORECAST

Afire sale is the sale of goods at extremely discounted prices. Today’s prices are artificially low, and decreasing almost daily. Confusion over who is buying what technology at what price has made

establishing a global average almost impossible. Adding to the confusion are joyful announcements that grid parity has been reached. Right up front, if the price of technology per watt peak is below the cost of producing it and technology manufacturers are failing, true grid parity has not been reached. Currently there is significant tension between technology’s manufacturers and its buyers. On the buying side, current low prices are leading to healthy margins, and thus this group does not want to see prices increase. On the selling side, well, margins are negative and the future looks grim.

Along with the failures of third tier technology, manufacturers and module assemblers are failures of industry pioneers. This is not a symptom of healthy correction and consolidation, it is a sign of something gone severely awry in the value chain of the PV industry. Rhetorical question: if all the technology manufacturers go out of business will there be a PV industry?

PV is an industry of optimists. In fact, optimism should be a requirement for entry because before 2004 all, or at least most, of the technology manufacturers lost money. Before a reasonably steady slate of incentives, demand was primarily into the off-grid applications with grid-connected demand hit or miss. Despite all obstacles, and driven by industry participants who truly believed that they had a calling, the industry survived until it could thrive. And thrive it did. From 2005 through to 2011, the PV industry grew by a compound annual rate of 59%. In 2010 over 2009, shipments to the first point of sale grew by 120%. This extraordinarily strong growth was driven by the generous feed-in tariff (FiT) market in Europe. The strong EU FiTs led to a virtual gold rush in the solar industry, inviting new entrants who, knowing nothing of the industry’s history, did not understand the inherent risks of an incentive-driven market.

CURRENT STATE OF THE INDUSTRYThere is significant tension currently between the demand and supply sides of the PV industry. Supply side participants (not news to readers of public financial statements) are suffering from negative margins, large losses and are shuttering production. High debt in Italy, currently the strongest market, is giving investors pause, and the market is slowing. The German market has slowed and other European markets cannot take up the slack. In 2010, the markets in Europe had an 80% share of global demand. In 2011, the markets in Europe will have a ~72% share, with Japan, the US and finally China consuming more product. In the case of China, having built the strongest global export market and, with its manufacturers experiencing significant losses, the government can choose to install domestically or allow inventories to increase significantly. China is choosing to install. The government in China has also publically indicated that it will control capacity additions. The country will still have a dominant share of global capacity at an eventual 20 GWp.

In all markets, manufacturers are shuttering production and stepping back from announced capacity plans. Though several polysilicon manufacturers are apparently carrying forward with capacity additions, many are quietly discarding plans for capacity expansions while publicly putting on a brave face. The time for brave faces may be past; in its place is the need for true courage. For an industry that has historically faced significant obstacles and, by and large, surmounted these obstacles and survived, the current state of affairs requires courage indeed. The proof of this is in the manufacturer bankruptcies that have already occurred, and in the bankruptcies still to come.

The current state of the industry includes crashing prices and negative margins for manufacturers, decreasing incentive rates, high levels of debt in markets such as Greece and Italy, high levels of capacity and high levels of inventory. The US is a promising market, but the demand side (installers, system integrators, EPCs, developers) has grown so significantly that it is now overcrowded. Project bids are, in some cases, at the 8.5 cents/Wp level, which does not support quality system installations. The demand side of the PV industry in the US may well suffer the next correction. (Corrections are healthy, though they can also take a long, long time. As an example, consider the still recovering US housing market.)

A caveat to 2011 data, as the final data are not available until the 2012 survey is completed: the 2011 total is an estimate based on quarterly assessments. In fact, pricing data is coming in almost daily. The methodology used is classic market research. This discipline counts things from where they start to where they first stop, begins counting again to the next stop, and so on.

Figure 1 (see page 24) presents 2011 as the global PV industry moves into 2012. The figure includes bars for inventory, installations, shipments to the first buyer, production, capacity and announcements. The announcements are included to make the point that announced plans are not data. The first buyer in the market can be a module assembler, an installer, system integrator, EPC, distributor, retailer, and even another manufacturer. Outsourcing and rebranding has always been common in the PV industry. With current low prices, it is simply the way business is being done.

Note that in Figure 1 a high level of demand-side inventory (~4 GWp) remains at the end of 2011. High levels of demand-side and supply-side inventory, high levels of capacity, decreasing incentive


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PV: 2012 FORECAST


rates and current unease among investors about the markets in Europe (given anxiety over the Euro and high debt levels) are holding technology prices down.

In 2011, manufacturers from China and Taiwan accounted for 56% of total technology shipped to the first buyer. Technology shipped to the first buyer includes cells and modules from the original technology manufacturer. Technology is frequently reshipped several times, particularly in the current market situation.

IT AIN’T GRID PARITY IF EVERYONE GOES BUSTThe demand side of the PV industry, particularly some very vocal participants in the US, argues that if prices increase, it will not be able to do business. But if prices do not increase it will not be able to do business, as the majority of manufacturers will cease manufacturing for a time, or disappear altogether. This would leave a vastly decreased field and prices would rise. No matter what, prices will rise, though with current high inventory levels and gray market

selling it will take some time. Prices may not rise to a healthy level until the end of 2012. These increases will be fought and resented, but manufacturers cannot continue selling at the current levels.

At the end of 2011, the average price for all technologies to the first buyer is expected to be US$1.25. Within this average are prices as low as $0.50/Wp to >$3.00/Wp. Prices to the second buyer are currently averaging $1.10; this range begins at $0.50/Wp to $1.25/Wp. Reselling of inventory continues and should not be averaged as it

clouds the pricing picture. Currently there is significant gossip in the PV industry regarding pricing. The announcement of ever lower price levels, in most cases based on very little data, sends a signal to the market to wait for lower prices and is a self-fulfilling prophecy.

From 2001 through 2003, average global prices were close to production costs, with aggressive pricing at below production costs common. From 2004 through 2008, the EU FiTs stimulated significant demand and, though this acceleration coincided with a polysilicon shortage, technology manufacturers took margin during this period, most (or all) for the first time. In 2009, manufacturers from China and Taiwan, particularly China, began pricing aggressively for share. They increased capacity and market share rapidly while continuing aggressive pricing strategies. In 2011, manufacturers no longer control the pricing function.

In an incentive-driven industry where governments legislate incentive availability, pushing prices to unsustainably low levels

TABLE 1: REGIONAL SHIPMENT SHARES, 1997–2011 ESTIMATE

Year US Europe Japan ROW China & Taiwan TotalTotal Total Total Total Total Shipments

1997 42% 18% 25% 13% 3% 114.11998 38% 21% 27% 12% 3% 134.81999 32% 17% 39% 10% 2% 175.52000 30% 23% 38% 7% 2% 252.02001 27% 24% 41% 6% 1% 352.92002 21% 24% 46% 5% 3% 504.92003 14% 26% 52% 7% 2% 675.32004 13% 26% 52% 5% 4% 1049.72005 9% 29% 51% 5% 6% 1407.72006 7% 31% 44% 5% 12% 1984.62007 8% 32% 29% 5% 25% 3073.02008 7% 31% 22% 8% 32% 5491.82009 5% 18% 16% 14% 46% 7913.32010 6% 15% 12% 14% 54% 17,402.32011 Estimate 4% 10% 12% 18% 56% 22,419.714 Year CAGR -15% -4% -5% 2% 24% 46%

50000.0

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0.02010 Demandside Inventory

into 2011

DefectiveModule

2011

2011Shipment

est

2011Production

2011AnnouncedProduction

2011Instillations

2011Commercial

Capacity

2011Announced

Capacity

2011InventoryInfo 2012

MPW

Figure 1: 2011 – 2012 Est.


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ADVERTISEMENT FEATURE

HOW THE SANYO SOLAR PREMIUM INSTALLER PROGRAMME REASSURES CONSUMERS IN AN UNCERTAIN CLIMATEThe recent changes to the UK government’s FiT schemes have caused serious concern across the solar installation industry, which is bound to be seriously affected when the cuts take effect following the government’s consultation ending in December 2012.

F or an industry that struggled to raise the profile of solar energy amongst consumers and was just starting to break the

misconceptions about the value of investment, it is a harsh reality that it should suddenly be knocked into overdrive before an unavoidable crash. However, not all is doom and gloom as there are still ways to ensure that once the gold rush ends, reliable, experienced and more robust solar installation companies remain top of their game and are able to continue their business as usual. The SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme offers businesses a meaningful seal of approval from one of the biggest technology brands in the world as well as providing consumers with a stamp to look for to avoid the cowboys. Companies like Eco Environments, a UK-based renewable energy installer offering PV installation, have signed up to the programme to add an increasingly necessary accreditation to their brand.

THE BEST OFFENCE IS A GOOD DEFENCESince the changes were announced, solar installation companies have been inundated with new business enquiries – Eco Environments took three months’ orders in just two weeks following the announcement at the end of October of the cuts to the FiT. With such a sudden influx of interest in solar panelling, it is easy for companies to rejoice at the windfall of work created, but the after-effects of the gold rush threaten to pose potentially fatal problems for the industry. By signing up to the SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme, businesses like Eco Environments can safeguard the future of their business and prevent it being affected by the government’s FiT scheme modifications, as explained by director David Hunt:

‘What shocked us and the industry as a whole was the extent of the cut and the speed with which it is being implemented. When the announcement was made at the end of October, we committed to getting as many customers as possible up and running before December 12 which helped us achieve sales greater than last year’s entire turnover in one month. We accepted three months’ orders in two weeks and could have taken on six months’ orders if we hadn’t closed the order books to ensure that we could deliver schemes ahead of the 12th. Our order book also remains healthy

and growing for installations after the deadline because customers understand that it remains one of the best investments you can make, and by signing up to the SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme, we are further safeguarding ourselves against a potential dip in consumer interest in solar.’

When the cutoff point arrives, it is predicted that consumer demand will peter out and solar installers will be forced to reassess their product and service offering, but it is also reassuringly likely that the interest caused by the changes will encourage more consumers to consider switching to solar well into 2012. Therefore, it is clear that, as a solar installation business, this is the time to differentiate yourself from others.

REAPING THE BENEFITSHunt continues:‘We are yet to see the impact that the SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme will have on our business as it has only just commenced; however, we are expecting that it will generate more direct sales leads which will increase the ways consumers find us. At present, the majority of our new business comes from radio and print advertisements, PR and web activity, a strong sales and business development team and referrals from existing, happy customers, so it will be great to start generating consumer interest via an external source promoting our services to their contacts.’

There is more to the SANYO seal of approval than just an added prevention of the possible negative impact of the government’s changes; beyond that, there is the peace of mind that consumers obtain from it. HIT is a world-recognised name with a respected reputation and positive image in the public eye.

‘SANYO is the best brand currently operating in the solar market which means the SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme provides unparalleled brand association for our company. It’s a good badge for us to display to potential new clients who are looking for signs that prove we are among the best in our field. It is also important to us that the achievability of the criteria for applying for the programme is kept at a high level to ensure the value of the accreditation is maintained.’

By creating obligatory, stringent criteria for the application process, SANYO ensures that only fully qualified, experienced installers can obtain the seal of approval. These strict rules and the requirement of references and documents proving qualifications ensure that the SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme maintains a high standard of members. The industry has been a victim of a bandwagon scenario whereby cowboy solar installers are setting up a makeshift branch of an existing business, for instance, builders or plumbers, offering apparently ‘free’ solar installation services. These cowboys make their money by retaining the FiT recompense, misleading consumers and denying them of their monetary incentive to go solar. The majority of reliable, trustworthy installers will not be affected by these hijackers as they can rely on their reputation and, for many, their image set against competitors, but it is wise to be aware of their underhanded tactics.

‘We have not noticed any threat from “cowboy” installers at present as their work is unrivalled by the quality of service, experience and reputation which we pride ourselves on at Eco Environments.’

The added SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme status goes a step further towards eradicating the threat posed by some of the bad operators which unfortunately exist in our industry.

To find out more about the SANYO Solar Premium Installer Programme and apply for the unique accreditation for your business, visit http://sanyosolarinstaller.com

You can also follow @SANYOSolarPIP on Twitter to ask SANYO directly about the programme.



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PV: 2012 FORECAST


is not only unsustainable, it is risky. Table 1 (see page 25) shows regional shipment (supply) shares over time, appropriately depicting the rapid rise of manufacturers in China and Taiwan.

PV WILL GO ON, BUT STRUGGLES TO COMEThe necessary and long-expected correction has finally come. It is uglier than anticipated. Consolidation, bankruptcy and, sadly, slowing of innovation is the short-term reality while manufacturers hunker down to survive. The correction will involve both supply and demand sides of the industry and will be unpleasant. Figure 2 (above) offers a forecast for three scenarios through 2015. The conservative forecast is expected for 2012; however, the reduced incentive forecast is a distinct possibility.

The reality of slower demand at lower prices is lower revenues. With prices held down artificially, sales (shipments) will need to increase significantly (accelerated forecast) for there to be revenue

growth. Given current soft demand and low prices, the correction in PV, which is beginning in earnest in 2012, will stay on the conservative track, and this is an optimistic view.

Consider this a cautionary tale similar to that for all commodity industries (and electricity is a commodity industry).

The current pricing situation is also pressuring CSP and CPV manufacturers, which must compete with artificially low prices. Thin-film manufacturers have perhaps the most difficult time as, over time and due to the area penalty, these manufacturers need to price product ~12% lower than higher efficiency crystalline product.

Table 2 (below) offers a technology forecast to 2015 for the conservative and accelerated forecasts

with a breakout for thin film categories. At the start of 2012, manufacturers are faced with difficult

choices: continue selling at prices that do not allow for positive margins, or shutter production and wait for the current situation to settle down. With significant inventory on the demand side, and expectations for continued low pricing, the correction is likely to be long and painful.

Paula Mints is a director in the energy practice and principal analyst in the solar services programme at Navigant Consulting.


This article is available on line. To comment on it or forward it to a colleague, visit: www.RenewableEnergyWorld.com

TABLE 2: PV TECHNOLOGY FORECAST TO 2015

Conservative Total Shipments c-Si Shipments Thin Film Thin Film % CdTe % CIGS % a-SiShipments MWp MWp Shipments Share %& history MWp

2007 3073.0 2743.7 329.3 11% 6% 1% 4%2008 5491.8 4737.1 754.7 14% 8% 1% 5%2009 7913.3 6571.6 1341.7 17% 13% 1% 3%2010 17424.3 15089.7 2312.6 13% 8% 2% 3%2011 22371.7 19239.7 3132.0 14% 8% 3% 3%2012 18982.0 16514.4 2467.7 13% 9% 2% 2%2013 19559.7 17017.0 2542.8 13% 9% 2% 2%2014 20348.2 17296.0 3052.2 15% 10% 2% 3%2015 21374.0 18167.9 3206.1 15% 10% 2% 3%

Accelerated Total Shipments c-Si Shipments Thin FilmShipments MWp MWp Shipments

MWp

2011 22371.7 19239.7 3132.0 14% 8% 3% 3%2012 25470.2 22413.7 3056.4 12% 9% 1% 2%2013 29272.1 25466.8 3805.4 13% 9% 2% 2%2014 36541.9 31791.4 4750.4 13% 8% 2% 3%2015 47438.1 40796.7 6641.3 14% 8% 3% 3%

Figure 2: Accelerated, Conservative and Reduced Incentive Forecast to 2015


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A BIG FUTURE FOR SMALL WINDSmall wind turbines (less than 100 kW) are used for battery charging, home purposes, irrigation and small industrial and commercial applications. According to GlobalData’s small wind turbine market report, the sector has a huge potential for growth, if government incentives are put in place. RaghunandanKothamasu presents the highlights.

GROWTH MEANS NEW MARKET OPPORTUNITIES

TECHNOLOGY & MARKETS: SMALL WIND TURBINES

Global small wind power generated 310 GWh in 2010 AMPAIR


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N117/2400: THE LOW-WIND SPECIALIST



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While 2011 figures have yet to come in, we know that the global small wind turbine market grew from 105.9 MW in 2006 to

275.8 MW in 2010. GlobalData’s recent report, titled Small Wind Turbines (less than 100kW) – Global Market Size, Analysis by Power Range, Regulations and Competitive Landscape to 2020, predicts even higher growth in the coming years, spurred by increasing incentives announced by various governments and by growing end user awareness. End user price is the most crucial factor affecting the growth of the market in both developed and developing countries. Also important are rebate programmes, property tax exemptions, financial incentives, annualised net metering and permitting issues.

According to the World Wind Energy Association (WWEA), it is difficult to assess the total number or capacity of small wind turbines, but in China alone there are roughly 300,000 small wind turbines generating electricity. In the US, the small wind turbine market grew 53% in 2010 to reach US$139 million; installations totaled 25.6 MW, up from 20.9 MW in 2009, according to a report by the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA). RenewableUK identifies over twenty manufacturers of small wind turbines in the UK alone.

The payback period of a small wind turbine is a major aspect of owning a system. This period depends largely on wind resource quality, tower height, siting, prevailing energy costs and turbine performance. Against this backdrop, with increasing incentives by governments and increasing energy security concerns, the report predicts that the small wind market will grow significantly from 275.8 MW in 2010 to 3726.5 MW in 2020 at a CAGR of 29.7%.

Global power generation from small wind turbines increased from 119 GWh in 2006 to 310.3 GWh in 2010 at a CAGR of 27.1%, and is expected to increase from 310.3 GWh in 2010 to 4203.8 GWh by 2020 at a CAGR of 29.8%.

COST ANALYSISThe report assesses the cost of building a wind turbine according to its type, size, design and location. Installation cost is affected by the costs of construction, transportation, location, maintenance and transformers.

Of the major cost components, up-front or capital cost constitutes the primary cost of the wind turbine. Other components of the up-front cost include, for example, the cost of electrical equipment, grid connection and foundations. Up-front and capital costs constitute about 75%–90% of the total wind farm development cost depending on the speed of the wind, the supply of wind turbines in the market, and the arrangement of the wind turbines in the farm.

Land cost or land rent is the second largest component of wind energy development, constituting about 4% of the total cost. Other identified costs relate to electric installations, consultancy, financial costs, non-electrical infrastructure and control systems. Further development is hampered by a lack of available small to medium sized turbines. The factors contributing to this limited availability are: a focus on the development of large turbine models which have a greater worldwide demand; a lack of hardware availability due to shortages of raw materials; and difficulty in obtaining certification for establishing new or additional manufacturing capacity.

Installation costs include transportation, construction and interconnection cost. Transportation costs differ with the size of the tower: the larger the tower, the greater the transportation cost will be. New tower technologies such as self-erecting

designs are in development and have the potential to bring down transportation costs.

Turbine value is also affected by the cost, availability, and supply of spare parts. Some turbine components, such as gearboxes, require regular maintenance. The maintenance requirement and hence the cost of such components also depends on their design.Tough turbines are designed to operate in extreme weather conditions but they involve a tradeoff, such as lower efficiency and higher cost. Thus the cost of operating a wind turbine differs according to weather conditions or location.

GLOBAL MARKET SHAREMany companies are currently manufacturing small wind turbines. Globally there are over 250 manufacturers of turbines with a rated capacity of less than 100 kW. In 2010, Southwest Windpower of the US sold up to 21.1% of the total number of small wind turbines sold worldwide. Northern Power Systems with 17.7% and Entegrity Wind Systems with 8.2% are followed by Southwest Windpower. Bergey Windpower stands at fourth with 3.9%. As the small wind turbine market is highly fragmented, other manufacturers’ total market share stands at 45.2%.

Proven Energy Ltd of the UK was in fifth place, with a global market share of 3.9%, throughout 2010. In late 2011, however, the company entered receivership after the discovery of a technical fault in its flagship turbine model, the Proven 35-2. According to the company, the main defect was in the manufacture of the rotor shaft, because of which blades could fly off under high wind speeds causing severe safety concerns. It is estimated that Proven Energy sold around 500 turbines of the Proven 35-2 model, which has an average supply and installation cost of approximately £60,000 (US$92,796). This technical snag and the subsequent call by the company to shut down systems led to both capital and revenue losses for end users (an average lost revenue of £8538 ($13,292) per day). The total estimated capital cost lost by end users (agricultural sites, commercial premises and small wind farms) on their investment is around £30 million ($46.7 million). Receivers KPMG sold Proven Energy’s business and assets to Kingspan Renewables Ltd in October 2011.

The Proven Energy crisis will be an eye-opener for other companies operating in the same market space, and there will be greater emphasis on quality from the consumer end and more government scrutiny involved in the certification of small wind turbines in the UK. On a macro level Proven Energy’s problems illustrate the dependence of FiT projects (usually agreements valid for over 20 years) on the long-term sustainability of their technology. This brings the longevity of turbine manufacturers to the foreground, and this requirement could become an entry barrier to new players.

KEY GLOBAL MARKET DRIVERSFinancial incentives and government policies are the main drivers for wind uptake. Governments have introduced or are in the process of formulating policies to promote renewable energy development, which is the main force behind the explosive growth of the wind power market worldwide. There are three main markets for small wind technology.

In the US, the wind market is primarily driven by federal tax credits and state-level RPS, the key regional market on the continent. PTCs have traditionally played a vital role in boosting US


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Conference & Exhibition

6 - 8 November 2012Sandton Convention Centre

Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa

www.renewableenergyworldafrica.com

THE NEW FRONTIER FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY

Owned and Produced by: Presented by:

About Renewable Energy World AfricaRenewable Energy World Africa will be launched alongside POWER-GEN

Africa 2012 on 6 – 8 November 2012, at the Sandton Convention Centre,

Johannesburg, South Africa, with a dedicated conference stream featuring

three days of presentations and debate about the strategic challenges and

technical solutions for expanding renewable energy power generation across

sub-Saharan Africa.

Exhibitors will have a dedicated Renewable Energy World Africa pavilion on the

show floor which will be a focus of expertise and global technological excellence

in the green energy sector.

For details about exhibiting opportunities at Renewable Energy World Africa,

please contact:

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Why Africa?Countries in sub-Saharan Africa today face a collective power deficit with the

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costs lowering, renewable power generation will play a big role in a new energy

infrastructure in Africa offering solutions in both rural distributed applications and

large-scale projects such as hydropower, CSP, wind and biomass.

Africa is participating in the fast emerging renewable energy market, with

investment in alternative energy source, growing from $750 million in 2004 to $3.6

billion in 2011.

South Africa has recently announced its rules about renewable energy and plans

to install 8400 MW of solar photovoltaic over the next 20 years, which together

with another 1000 MW of concentrated solar power technology, theoretically will

provide in excess of 60,000 jobs. South Africa is holding five tenders to allocate

3725 MW valued around $12 billion over the next two years. By 2030, the country

aims to lift renewable sources to 8% of the energy mix, up from less than 1% now.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE VISIT WWW.RENEWABLEENERGYWORLDAFRICA.COM

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The effect of the overwhelming capacity in China’s supply chain and the resulting supply chain consolidatio

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wind power capacity, making the country the largest wind power market in the world. The extension of PTCs for three years and the introduction of federal ITCs in 2009 are expected to fuel the growth of wind installations in the US. High up-front cost has been the major concern among small wind power users. Financial incentives reducing installation and operation costs are the key to stimulating interest among buyers. The introduction of ITCs is expected to give a huge boost to the small wind industry, while policies targeted at reducing investment costs will be effective in increasing mid-sized wind installations.

The introduction of ITCs is expected to givea huge boost to the small wind industry

Following the EU’s Renewable Energy Directive (RED), which set a binding 20% renewable energy target by 2020, renewables should provide 35% of Europe’s power by that year. Wind power is expected to benefit the most from the RED as Europe has the resources and technical expertise in this area to take advantage of the legislation. Other country-specific measures for promoting wind power have also played important roles in the development of the industry in Europe. For instance, financial support under the Renewables Obligation (RO) is a driver in the UK’s wind power market.

In the Asia Pacific region, government support is also driving wind energy growth. China’s installed capacity has doubled every year since 2006, due primarily to supportive government policies. In

2006 the government introduced the Renewable Energy Law which has driven the Chinese market to date. This law, along with other policy measures such as the Medium and Long-Term Development Plan for Renewable Energy introduced in 2007, is driving the market even further. Additionally, many states in India also have FiT schemes and RPS in place, and many states are adopting these policies to drive wind energy growth.

KEY CHALLENGESLack of sufficient grid infrastructure, administrative hurdles and supply chain bottlenecks can hamper the growth of the wind market. In terms of the grid, upgrading old electricity infrastructure and the construction of new infrastructure to meet future transmission and distribution demands will be a major challenge for wind power development. The development of a new grid infrastructure requires massive investment and time, which could decrease wind power growth in the medium term. And wind farms are usually developed in far flung areas that are sparsely populated and do not have adequate transmission lines to connect their capacity to the grid; this has led to idle capacity in many countries such as the US and China.

Complicated zoning requirements, the lack of tax credits globally, unsatisfactory product performance, supply chain issues and the lack of net metering policies in many countries for small- to medium-sized wind will be the key challenges restricting growth in the future. Poor permitting practices and unnecessarily restrictive regulations are the major market barriers discouraging customer interest and investment. Streamlining the permitting process will

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be crucial in ensuring that the growth of wind installations is not hampered due to administrative issues.

In addition, the rapid growth of the wind energy sector worldwide has put unprecedented pressure on manufacturers of turbine components such as towers, rotor blades, gearboxes, bearings and generators. For some years the industry has been struggling to keep up with this ever-increasing demand. There is currently a lead time of up to two years for developers of wind farms to wait for the required equipment.

MAJOR MARKET TRENDSThe small wind market is relatively less mature than large wind, with the US being the only country with a considerable presence in the small wind sector. With a significant number of small wind turbine manufacturers worldwide, the intensity of competition currently remains at a medium level. This presents an opportunity for new players to capture the market, thus competition is expected to intensify in future. Small wind turbines are mainly purchased by homeowners and small businesses. Price sensitivity for this segment remains considerably high, as the cost of installing a small wind turbine is directly comparable to costs associated with fossil fuels and other forms of renewable energy. High up-front costs have been a major barrier restricting small wind uptake.

As the small wind industry grows, companies are becoming more conscious about building a good brand name. In the last few years GlobalData has found many instances of manufacturers making false claims about turbine performance and quality standards.

This has led to an increase in end user preference for maintenance and warranty periods. With certification agencies establishing performance standards and certifying turbines, it is expected that maintenance requirements will decrease.

The impressive future growth rates projected for the 50–100 kW turbine market will put a huge strain on the supply chain, and leading companies will need to invest more in their manufacturing facilities to meet rising demand. The policy attractiveness for small wind systems is rated as low, as government support is present in just a few countries such as the US and the UK. With a shifting of interest and policy support towards large capacity wind turbines, policy attractiveness for turbines rated at less than 100 kW will be low in future. Capital investment costs remain relatively high compared to volumes due to the sophisticated technology required for small wind turbine production. Furthermore, investment potential in the sector is seen as medium due to rising demand for large turbines. As a result, small wind will witness decreasing interest among the private equity community, and this will result in low investments in small wind turbine companies.

Raghunandan Kothamasu is an analyst with the alternative energy team at GlobalData.



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POLICY & MARKETS: ITALY

Never one to do anything by half-measures, a somewhat surprising legacy of ex-Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi’s government has

been to send installed capacity in Italy’s photovoltaic (PV) market soaring through the roof. Reacting to a resounding public vote against nuclear power in 2011, a fourth edition of feed-in-tariffs (FiTs) was announced for the sector and though somewhat reduced, they were still high enough to keep Italy’s ‘PV counter’ ticking faster than ever. According to Gestore dei Servizi Energetici (GSE), the agency which supports the development of renewable energy on behalf of the Italian treasury, Italy had reached 10 GW of PV capacity by September, a calculation based on applications for incentives. By 3 January 2012 this figure ballooned to 12.5 GW at a cumulative annual cost of €5.4 billion and over 319,000 installations.

However, a recent report published by KPMG Advisory in Italy, which documents the remarkable growth of Italy’s renewable energy market, is emphatic that while these technologies present an attractive solution for a secure energy supply with reduced import dependence, the incentive mechanisms which have been so instrumental to sector growth are unsustainable.

In late November 2011, Investing in Renewables: Trends, Opportunities and Perspectives was first presented to an audience of around 50 key sector players. According to Gianpaolo Attanasio, the associate partner responsible for the report, the audience had two major concerns: stability of regulations for the future and fear that a sharp reduction in future subsidisation of the sector could halt investment activity and lead to delocalisation to the neighbouring countries of Eastern Europe. Indeed, with an unexpectedly new ‘technocratic’ government in place, a scheduled talk by the representative of the Ministry of Economic Development was cancelled. ‘The concerns are not about the evolution of the regulation itself,’ says Attanasio, ‘but about the mid-term stability of this regulation. The big concern in the past was that every 12 months the regulation kept changing.’

As described by Attanasio, the report was driven by two motivations: to define quantitative scenarios for green certificates for the wind, biomass and mini-hydro sectors based on realistic assumptions, and to paint a complete picture of Italy’s renewable energy landscape for potential investors. The comprehensive report

WHAT WILL HAPPENTO ITALIAN FITS?All eyes are on the Italian government to see what will happen to the nation’s renewable energy incentives under the new ‘technocratic’ regime. RachanaRaizada takes us through a new KPMG report which paints a complete picture of Italy’s current renewable energy landscape for potential investors.

NEW GOVERNMENT, NEW MARKET

Have Italian subsidies for the renwables sector been too high from a long-term perspective? ENEL GREEN POWER


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VERONA, ITALYMAY 7-8, 20124th edition

italianpvsummit.com

platinum sponsor gold sponsor

GLOBAL OUTLOOK

• Short-term outlook for cell and module markets: room for a further plunge in prices?

• M&A, partnerships, transition from manufacturing to system integration: current trends in the consolidation of the international PV industry

• Domestic content clauses, state aid files, dumping files: hottest issues in the Europe - America - Far East fierce competition challenge

• 2013-2016, achievement of the grid parity (Italy being on the forefront): the cost roadmap of the global PV players, the convergence of the analysts

• Time to market of the emerging markets

ITALY OUTLOOK

• The unprecedented boom of 2011 installations: Italy shines brightest as the world’s first PV market

• Regional burden sharing, streamlining the permitting and grid access, energy storage: further conditions for growth

• The impact of a massive solar generation on the electricity market price: counterbalancing the cost of the incentives?

• Bank deleveraging, the secondary market of PV plants, the financing needs of new business models: the financing climate for PV amid risks of credit crunch

• Efficient production scale, downstream integration, internationalisation: challenges for the Italian PV industry

summarises the history of incentives for the sector; benchmarks some of the key players, and touches on more specific issues such as reaching grid parity, project financing and M&A activity.

Italian attitudes towards renewable energy are not politically polarised, and it is generally seen as an attractive solution for energy autonomy given the country’s reliance on imports for 97% of its gross domestic energy needs. In 2009 energy from non-fossil fuel sources (including hydro over 1 MW) accounted for 11% of energy consumption. Limiting the analysis to domestic electrical energy production, however, Italy, with its absence of nuclear power, is highly dependent on thermo-electric generation (77% in 2009). In 2011 Italy generated approximately one-quarter of its electricity from non-fossil fuel energy sources, with large-scale hydro accounting for the lion’s share.

The KMPG definition of renewables excluding hydro over 1 MW describes technologies used to generate electrical energy without use of fossil fuels or nuclear power – and, most importantly, as not having reached grid parity and therefore in need of incentives (wind, PV, biomass and biogas, geothermal and mini hydro). By this definition, in 2010, of 106 GW of electrical generation capacity and an annual production of 299 TWh, thermal electricity generation, hydro and renewables accounted for 74%, 17% and 9% of national electrical energy production respectively while having 71%, 16% and 12% of capacity. From 2005 to 2010, production from traditional thermal electric generation actually decreased by 10%, while hydro’s share increased by 40% and that of renewables by 100%.

During these years, as the economic recession led to decreased electricity consumption, renewables reaped the advantage of their ‘dispatch priority’ at the expense of traditional thermal electricity generation. From 2005 to 2010, the contribution of renewables to domestic electricity generation increased from 5% to 9%.

The PV incentive scheme seems to have been successful in decentralising power production. While in 2010 there were 871 thermal electric installations and about 1000 for hydroelectricity, renewable energy sources accounted for 159,000 installations, with PV alone accounting for 98% of these.

Based on data from Terna S.p.A, the owner and operator of the national high-voltage electricity transmission grid, the report spotlights the remarkable growth rates of the PV, wind and bioenergy sectors. From 2005 to 2010, installed capacity in PV increased from 7 to 3500 MW — a CAGR of 246% compared to a CAGR of 29% for wind which, with almost 6 MW of installed capacity in 2010, accounted for 45% of renewable energy production capacity.

When it comes to actual electricity production, however, wind, geothermal and bioenergy carry the day. In 2010 geothermal, with only 6% of capacity, accounted for 19% of electricity generation while bioenergy, with 18% of capacity, accounted for 34% of production, reflecting the relatively higher load factors of these technologies. Wind accounted for 32% of electricity generation, mini-hydro for 8%, with PV accounting for the lowest share at 7% or 1.9 TWh.

Though some form of renewable electricity generation is present in all 20 Italian ‘regions’ (the highest-level administrative divisions of the state), the distribution of renewable technologies throughout Italy reflects its diverse geography. In the northern macro-region which includes the Alps, the major industrial centres and the agricultural plains of Lombardy, Piedmont and Veneto, bio-energy and mini-hydro account for 64% and 25% of electricity generation from



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renewable resources. In the central part of the country, on the other hand, geothermal resources are the major renewable electricity generator, accounting for 77% of production, all of it concentrated in Tuscany. In the windy south (the macro-region is defined to also include Sicily and Sardinia in addition to the southern regions), bioenergy accounts for 28% and wind power for 65%.

The southern macro-region, as defined in the report, accounted for half of renewable electricity generation in 2010. Tuscany alone accounts for a fifth of Italian renewable electricity generation followed by Puglia (13.6%) and Sicily and Lombardy with approximately 9% each. Wind is an important resource in the two southern regions whereas in Lombardy, where the highly polluted air rarely moves, the major contributor is bioenergy.

While this uneven development is largely attributed to the terrain and climate, the report suggests it may also reflect the fact that complicated regulatory processes and grid connection requirements can vary considerably from region to region.

One of the main original contributions of the report is a section benchmarking a sample of 25 companies operating in the Italian market based on publicly available financial data. The companies were chosen as being key players and have been categorised into three clusters. The first consists of eight traditional energy players (of which three are Italian) with divisions for renewable energy: Enel Green Power (really the major player), Alpiq, BKW, EDF Energies Nouvelles, Edison, E.ON Climate & Renewables, International Power (GDF Suez) and Sorgenia. The second cluster is composed of nine Italian industrial players which have diversified into renewables. The final cluster, designated ‘startup’, is a catch-all term for some independent companies which, by and large, focus on the development of renewable energy. Warning that ‘this is a dynamic business with very heterogenous players’ and that ‘it’s a model difficult to depict unequivocally’, the report offers a summary of profitability and diversification of these major players.

The total sample accounted for around 5400 MW of installed capacity in 2010 or 43% of national renewable energy capacity. Of this, the group of eight traditional energy companies account for 24% of national installed capacity while the other two clusters each account for around one-tenth. The major energy players are found to be providing almost 100% of geothermal electricity generation (monopolised by Enel Green Power), 69% of wind power capacity (4000 MW) and 20% of bioenergy.

The bioenergy sector shows a medium level of concentration with the five largest operators accounting for 17% of national capacity while the PV market is extremely fragmented: the five largest account for only 4% of installed capacity as a result of the low capital cost of entry. The sample collectively accounted for 30% of renewable electricity production in 2010 or around 8700 GWh. The sample companies focus their electricity production in the southern macro region where the companies in clusters two and three have 94% of their installed capacity.

For Attanasio, one of the surprising findings of the study is the relatively high yield of investments in this sector. While acknowledging that it is not possible to estimate the unique contribution of renewables from overall corporate activities for most of the traditional energy companies in the first cluster (for example, Enel Green Power), the analysis finds that the ratio of profitability (as measured by EBITDA margins to revenues) is relatively high

for clusters two and three. While the majority of companies have revenues under €100 million, the EBITDA margin falls between 35% and 90% with a solitary exception.

Attanasio feels that this points to subsidies for the sector as having been too high from a long-term perspective. Installed capacity, particularly in the PV and wind sectors, has rocketed between 2005 and 2010 — but at what cost? The report emphasises that it has been difficult to achieve equilibrium between continued financial support and the attainment of grid parity.

The analysis clearly identifies how sector growth rates do not necessarily correlate with contribution to renewable electricity generation, as in the case of PV with its phenomenal growth rates and low contribution. Attanasio believes that what the country needs is a comprehensive national energy policy, not a hastily cobbled patchwork of incentives for various renewable energy sources.

Currently there are two basic types of incentives: market incentives (Green Certificates) and administrative mechanisms such as the all-inclusive tariff and FiTs. The Green Certificate scheme applies to all renewable energy sources (except PV) and to all installations which commenced operations before the end of this year. Energy is sold at the market price plus the value of the incentive as determined by the market; the incentive has a 15-year lifespan. However, as this mechanism is gradually being phased out to be replaced with FiTs, for Attanasio the key issue now is the uncertainty surrounding incentives for wind and biomass. In the past energy policy was often heavily influenced by key players, but with a government that seems to be taking snap decisions before it can be influenced, it remains to be seen how the battle will play out.

Distribution of renewable technologies in Italy’s regions

KPMG


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Another scheme, the ‘all-inclusive tariff’, offers smaller renewable electricity generators from all sources (except PV) an alternative to the Green Certificate Scheme whereby the energy is sold at a price that includes the incentive. The size cutoff depends on the technology: 1 MW for bioenergy, cogeneration, mini-hydro, tidal energy and geothermal and up to 200 kW for onshore wind installations. The incentive applies to installations which enter into operation before the end of this year, and has a duration of 15 years.

The PV sector, on the other hand, has been supported through FiTs, with the rates varying through successive plans (Conto Energia). The most recent and fourth version (IV Conto Energia), announced in May 2011, once again redefined 20-year incentives for PV installations which commence operations before the end of 2016. (All of these schemes were preceded by CIP6 from 1992 to 1999. With a 15-year lifespan it will end soon, and thus doesn’t apply to new market entrants).

The incentive schemes have been costly: increasing from €1.7 billion in 2008 to €3.4 billion in 2010 and to an estimated €6.4 billion in 2011. Of this cost, 80% is the so-called A3 component, shouldered by the final consumer through electricity bills. Given the unpopular austerity measures announced by the new government, how long will the public continue to support this sector?

Alarm bells have rung for the PV sector, which saw incentive costs spiral from €110 million in 2008 to an estimated €3.5 billion in 2011. In contrast, the cost of the Green Certificate scheme doubled from €615 million in 2008 to an estmated €2.1 billion in 2011. While installed capacity has doubled, the cost of the incentives has more or less quadrupled. PV is singled out as being under-optimised given the high level of expenditure per TWh.

Notwithstanding these criticisms, however, the report outlines how the renewable energy sector has been popular as a cautious investor choice for project financing, second only to telecommunications in terms of the value of financing. The country’s two major banks, Unicredit and Intesa Sanpaolo, together account for a third of the total number of projects financed and just over 40% of the cumulative value of €50 billion financed until the first half of 2010. However, given the future uncertainty related to incentives, Attanasio believes there may be a shift towards leasing or corporate financing in the future.

Now all eyes are on the new government to see what will happen. The new Minister of Economic Development specialises in leading companies, most recently in banking. His counterpart at the Ministry of Environment was until recently the Ministry’s director general. He’s a specialist in workplace and public health who has been involved in environmentally sustainable initiatives throughout his career. They are described as having little in common except their first name: Corrado. But in the Russian roulette of Italian politics, just perhaps it will be enough.

Rachana Raizada is a freelance journalist focusing on the energy sector.





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BIOENERGY: CONVERTING FROM COAL


CONVERTINGTO BIOENERGYWith legislation increasingly tough on coal-burning plants, many are switching to renewable fuels to ensure longevity. But supply chain issues may prevent some plants from undertaking the conversion process. Tim Probert profiles the UK’s Tilbury power station, a 1960s coal plant which has become the world’s largest biomass plant, and talks to Drax about the potential to convert its 4 GW coal plant.

BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES

The critical aspect of whether other coal plants in the UK and elsewhere can convert to biomass is fuel supply. DRAX

To describe the British town of Tilbury as a green beacon would require a stretch of the imagination. Home to London’s main

container port and an unsightly 1960s concrete-slab power plant, with a curious smell emanating from the nearby sewage works, Tilbury epitomises twentieth century grit, clank, smoke and soot.

Yet a beacon of green energy is exactly what Tilbury power station has become. In December 2011, Tilbury B, a 1062 MW coal-fired plant opened in 1967, was successfully converted to a 742 MW biomass plant. Tilbury thus became the largest biomass burning power generation facility in the world, beating the previous coal-to-biomass record holder, GDF Suez’s 180 MW Rodenhuize plant in Belgium, by some distance.

Rather than invest in flue gas desulphurisation and other emissions reduction measures, owner RWE npower opted Tilbury out of the European Commission’s Large Combustion Plant Directive (LCPD) in 2007, restricting the plant to a further 20,000 operating hours between 2008 and 2015.

Having conducted trials in September 2010 to prove the technical feasibility of burning biomass exclusively in a coal unit,

RWE npower took the decision to convert the plant’s three 350 MW units to biomass two months later.

Tilbury B generated its last kilowatt hour from coal on 4 March 2011. In the nine months between coal and biomass generation, Tilbury’s engineering manager Dave Dyson worked frantically to ensure the plant can burn 2.3 million tonnes of wood pellets, enough for the remaining 8000 hours, by 31 March 2013, when the number of Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs) allocated to biomass conversion plants reduces from 1.5 to 1.

A FINANCIALLY BOLD DECISIONDyson says the decision to convert Tilbury B to biomass was brave. ‘The cost of the conversion is in the tens of millions, but the value at risk is in the hundreds of millions,’ he says.

‘We had fixed-price coal contracts and forward power prices set. Virtually all the power produced from coal was sold forward. We had to unwind all those contracts and that secure income. Instead we’ve taken on contracts for 2.3 million tonnes of wood without having proven we can use it.’


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Burning coal, Tilbury would operate near baseload in the winter months of December, January and February, two-shifting in spring and autumn, with often no units running for weeks at a time in summer. Over the course of a year, this would amount to around 4500 hours. In order to use up the 8000 hours by 31 March next year and avoid a financial hit of around £20/MWh (US$31.14/MWh), however, Tilbury will run at sub-optimal periods, that is, when the price of electricity is low.

‘Dark spreads [the theoretical gross income produced by the sale of a unit of electricity, less the cost of the fuel to produce the electricity] could be vastly lower than under a purely commercially driven aspect, but we need to burn the hours up,’ says Dyson. ‘At times our revenues from the power price may be barely above the ROC price.’

TILBURY’S MAJOR ADVANTAGEThe ‘design life’ of the conversion may be only 8000 hours, but surprisingly little was spent on converting Tilbury from coal to biomass. The UK’s Drax coal power plant, for example, spent £80 million ($125 million) on new biomass burners and fuel conveying and filtering equipment, plus a railway upgrade which will enable the plant to co-fire up to 10% biomass, or around one million tonnes per year.

Tilbury has one distinct advantage for biomass conversion: its own jetty on the river Thames, which can accommodate Panamax class vessels of up to 60,000 tonnes and saves an estimated £30 million ($47 million) per year in rail freight costs. Dyson’s biggest challenge is dust and most of the investment was spent on equipment that mitigates dustiness, including two new Kone ship unloaders, as the existing ones were too abrasive; an elutriator, or particle separator; and a dedicated pipeline which pneumatically conveys dust to the furnace.

Due to the lower calorific content and bulkdensity of biomass versus coal, generationcapacity is reduced by around 30%

While coal is typically stored outdoors in huge heaps, biomass needs to be kept dry. Unlike Drax and other biomass co-firing coal plants, there is no virtually no biomass stored onsite at Tilbury. Instead the wood pellets arrive on a vessel and are unloaded and burned during the course of a week. Once the ship’s payload is empty and it departs, another vessel arrives within hours and the process starts again.

Dyson explains: ‘We store only enough onsite to see through the few hours where there is no ship on the jetty, around six hours’ margin, so we have to have a slick, just-in-time shipping turnaround. I suspect the fuel handling team will have significantly less hair by April 2013!’

IMPACT ON EFFICIENCY AND EMISSIONSDue to the lower calorific content and bulk density of biomass versus coal, Tilbury’s generation capacity is reduced by around 30% to 742 MW, which in turn reduces the thermal efficiency of the plant to 35.3% from 37%.

Physical changes to the combustion system are more tweaks than transformation; small modifications have been made to the fuel

mills, feeders and burners. When biomass is put through the grinder, it splinters and chips, not breaking down into a fine dust like coal. Combined with the lower calorific value, this causes the burners to respond differently.

Therefore, the plant’s low NOx burners have been modified to ensure a more stable flame and to minimise the required amount of support fuel, tall oil. This is achieved by creating a fuel mixing zone (and therefore a flame) nearer to the front of the burner.

Corrosion is also a challenge for biomass conversions. The high chlorine content will corrode and diminish the existing boiler fuel pipes. As operation is limited to 8000 hours, however, this is not expected to present a major problem.

Based on the results of the biomass trial in September 2010, Dyson expects NOx emissions to fall from 480 mg/m3 to 220 mg/m3, SOx to fall from 800 mg/m3 to 200 mg/m3, and the volume of ash produced from 40,000 tonnes/TWh to 4000 tonnes/TWh. Lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions are predicted fall from 0.81 million tonnes/TWh to 0.11–0.18 million tonnes/TWh, a 78%–87% reduction.

TILBURY & BIOMASS – A ONE-OFF?As things stand, Tilbury B will close once the 8000 hours have been used up. In July 2010, RWE npower submitted an environmental assessment scoping report to the UK Infrastructure Planning Commission for Tilbury C, a proposed 2000 MW combined cycle gas turbine and 400 MW open cycle gas turbine plant. This replaced RWE’s previous proposal to build a 1600 MW supercritical coal plant with carbon capture and storage (CCS).

RWE, however, is also considering the possibility of re-permitting and re-consenting Tilbury B to enable it to continue to operate as a dedicated biomass plant beyond the LCPD limit. ‘Phase II would be a completely different proposition and we won’t make a decision until well into the second quarter of 2012,’ explains Dyson.

‘It would require a vast upgrade to meet more stringent NOx and SOx emissions standards and we still have to work out if biomass is commercially viable with just one ROC. Phase II totally depends on plant and environmental performance of Phase I.’

Dyson says the critical aspect of whether other coal plants in the UK and elsewhere can convert to biomass is fuel supply. ‘In theory there is no technical reason why other coal plants couldn’t replicate Tilbury but whether they could be as much of a commercial



‘Biomass is more expensive than coal and trying to get enough of it to an inland power station is a challenge. Most European plants will have the same problem.’ DRAX


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Drax currently co-fires up to 8% biomass, burning approximately 1.2 million tonnes in 2011, mostly wood chips, straw pellets, oat and sunflower seed husks. DRAX

success is doubtful. The big question concerns fuel supply logistics. Biomass is more expensive than coal and trying to get enough of it to an inland power station is a challenge. Most European plants will have the same problem.’

SOURCING FUEL: THE CENTRAL ISSUEAround 30% of Tilbury B’s biomass is sourced from RWE’s own 750,000 tonnes/year wood pelletisation plant in the US city of Waycross, Georgia; a further 50% will come from the US and Canada. The remaining 20% comes from Europe, either the Baltic States or southern Europe. All fuel is debarked softwood pellets.

Dyson believes it is unlikely RWE will develop a similar biomass facility in the UK. ‘Sustainability is an issue in Europe. It doesn’t have the same scale as the US. If we could source biomass sustainably in the UK we would do so, but there are no obvious opportunities to develop that at present.’

According to consultancy firm McKinsey, however, there should be no shortage of sustainable biomass. In a 2010 report, Sustainable Bioenergy, McKinsey concluded there is enough land available for biomass to exceed currently mandated consumption levels by a factor of two by 2020, even after all other needs were met, i.e. food and feed crops; domestic firewood; projected demand from the forest products industry; no deforestation; and only environmentally sustainable use of virgin land.

Furthermore, the market is responding to greater demand for biomass. In November 2011, the Dutch energy exchange APX-ENDEX launched the world’s first biomass exchange. At present the Amsterdam-based exchange trades only non-cleared products where the physical settlement is arranged bilaterally by the counterparties, but later this year it will offer clearing services for wood pellet contracts, providing financial security to market participants.

The exchange has been developed in co-operation with the Port of Rotterdam, which is expecting a boom in biomass handling due to the Dutch government’s Energy Report 2011 that will make biomass co-firing at coal plants mandatory. According to Koen Overtoom, commercial director of the Port of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Germany, Scandinavia and the UK will require 15 million tonnes per year of biomass by 2020. Of that figure, Dutch ports will handle 13.5 million tonnes, up from 1.5 million tonnes at present, with the Port of Amsterdam alone accounting for 6 million tonnes.

DRAX – A TOTALLY DIFFERENT CONVERSION PROPOSITIONAt 3960 MW, Drax is the second largest power plant in Europe. Unlike Tilbury, Drax complied with the LCPD, thus allowing it to run without restriction. In 2016, however, another European regulation, the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED), will force coal plants to install selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which removes NOx from flue gases.

The cost of IED compliance for each of the plant’s six 660 MW coal units would probably run to hundreds of millions of pounds. Throw in the UK Treasury’s carbon floor price and full auctioning of Phase III European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) carbon permits and one can see why Drax’s production director Peter Emery is considering other fuel options.

Drax currently co-fires up to 8% biomass, burning approximately 1.2 million tonnes in 2011, mostly wood chips, straw pellets, oat and sunflower seed husks, and it is now considering converting the entire plant to biomass. ‘When it became clear that UK government policy was not just pricing carbon into power production via the EU ETS but also the carbon floor price, we felt we had to do something radical,’ says Emery.

‘If we can’t compete in a world post-2016 with a very high carbon price we would opt out of the IED. Plants like Tilbury which opted out


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of the LCPD may just close rather than convert to biomass. Plants that opted in may find that the economics stack up. So biomass will enable us to be competitive and enable us to develop the business.’

Drax is converting one of its 660 MW units to biomass. If it was to convert fully, says Emery, the capacity of each unit would be reduced to around 500 MW, each burning 2.5–3 million tonnes per year.

Sourcing this volume of biomass would be a major challenge: Drax is unable to source enough biomass at the right price in order to co-fire the permitted 12.5% limit, let alone a 100% conversion.

‘The biomass market isn’t there, and sourcing it is not as simple as having a group of traders with telephones,’ Emery explains. ‘We’re having to negotiate deals to build pellet plants and set up shipping contracts, or encourage British farmers to grow miscanthus, willow or eucalyptus. Could we get hold of 15–18 million tonnes of biomass tomorrow? Yes. But biomass that has been harvested, pelleted and processed for power plants? Clearly not. Our challenge is to develop the supply chain, which may take 20–30 years.’

Drax wants the UK government to think again about reducing the number of ROCs allocated to biomass conversions. ‘There’s a massive potential for biomass to be industrialised in Britain and the ROCs would help us to develop the infrastructure. If the government commits to a firm biomass policy over the next 15–20 years, the rest will follow.’

CONVERSION = ADDICTION TO SUBSIDY?Based on 2010 generation of 26.4 TWh at an average power price of £51.60/MWh ($80.33) and burning 15 million tonnes of biomass at £80–£100/tonne ($124–$156), Drax could expect revenues (including one ROC) to comfortably outstrip the higher fuel costs by hundreds of millions, even with the anticipated 25% drop in output.

Add in exemptions from the EU ETS and the carbon floor price, and biomass conversion looks attractive.

But converting to 100% biomass would mean Drax is reliant on subsidy to be commercially viable. Is it fair to ask British taxpayers to keep Drax alive this way? ‘This is about starting a brand new industry,’ says Emery. ‘The idea is not to generate super profits versus coal, but to give an adequate return on investment for burning biomass. The government has got renewables targets to hit, it wants to reduce CO2, and the beauty of co-firing and unit conversion is that it’s cheap. It’s broadly half the cost of offshore wind and broadly in parity with onshore wind, but biomass is also fully dispatchable. The taxpayer would think that’s very fair.’

Is Drax doomed without biomass? ‘We are not doomed, but the direction of government policy means that coal-fired generation in its current guise is doomed. Biomass gives us a route to market with cost-effective low-carbon generation.’

As REW goes to press, German utility E.ON has announced that it plans to convert one of two 500 MW units at its coal-fired Ironbridge power plant in the UK to biomass, with the option to convert the second unit at a later date. The utility has applied for planning permission to build a fuel store on-site. The plant chose to opt out of the LCPD, and will open in 2013.

Tim Probert is a freelance journalist focusing on the energy sector.





Tilbury’s jetty on the river Thames, which can accommodate Panamax class vessels of up to 60,000 tonnes, saves an estimated £30 million ($47 million) per year in rail freight costs. RWE NPOWER


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POLICY & MARKETS: SOLAR THERMAL PROCESS HEAT

SOLAR PROCESSHEAT FOR EUROPESolar thermal systems have enormous potential to be used in industry. About 30% of total industrial heat demand is at temperature levels below 100°C, which can be provided with commercially available solar thermal collectors. However, the global and European markets are very much in their infancy; only a few hundred installations currently exist. Christiane Egger and Christine Öhlinger discuss the SO-PRO project, which aims to tackle these barriers and to trigger the startup of markets for solar process heat in six European regions.

DEVELOPING THE MARKET

Upper Austria is one of the leading solar thermal regions in the world, with 0.8 m² of solar thermal installed per capita. Upper Austria has committed to installing 3 million m² of solar thermal by 2030, which will equate to 2.2 m² per capita. SO-PRO


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Using solar thermal process heat in European industrial processes presents manifold benefits. It will support companies in long-

term cost stability of their hot water provision and thereby contribute to their competitiveness; it will open up a new business field for the renewable energy industry and thereby promote business development and green jobs; and it will contribute to the energy, climate and environmental goals of the EU, its Member States, its regions and cities.

However, in order to realise this potential and to deliver these benefits, significant existing market barriers for solar process heat must be overcome. One problem is the economic viability of solar process heat installations, which is often due – among other reasons – to very low prices for fossil fuels in industry and the short payback periods for investments expected in many industrial companies. Also, in an early phase of market development, costs for planning and setup tend to be high due to the lack of experience of the companies involved.

Then there is the ‘no interest – no know-how – no market’ problem. There is a great lack of information across the value chain because, firstly, solar companies often lack an understanding of the complexity of industrial processes and system integration as well as the skills for successful marketing to industrial companies. Secondly, specialists in industrial energy systems generally know very little about solar thermal technologies. They tend to overestimate the costs and to underestimate the energy production, and therefore have no experience in system integration. Also, management in industrial companies is not aware of the possibility of using solar thermal for industrial processes and therefore does not ask planners to include this option in their offers. And there is a lack of standardised solutions and communication among these groups:



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policymakers at European, national and regional levels are generally not aware of solar process heat.

The project Solar Process Heat – SO-PRO aimed to tackle these barriers and to trigger the startup of markets for solar process heat in six European regions, most of which feature colder climates (Upper Austria, the regions of Castillas y Madrid in Spain, South Bohemia in the Czech Republic, North-Rhine Westphalia and Saxony in Germany and the Maribor region in Slovenia). The project was supported by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme and co-ordinated by O.Ö. Energiesparverband, the energy agency of Upper Austria.

PROMISING APPLICATIONSSO-PRO focused its activities on low-temperature industrial processes which are suitable to be supplied by solar thermal collectors. Promising processes include cleaning and washing, heating of baths and vessels, and drying as well as heating of make-up water for steam networks. These processes are used very frequently in a wide range of industries. Special attention was paid to continuous open processes with no mass or heat recovery, since they can have a high potential for the integration of solar thermal.

For the economic viability of solar process heat, the load profile of the process is crucial. Heat demand should occur on at least five days of the week and also during the summer months. Other important factors for solar heat integration include the available temperature levels in the plant as well as the process temperature

itself, often economically best if below 50°C. Solar thermal energy can be directly integrated into the processes or into the heat distribution network.

Within the SO-PRO project, self-assessment checklists were developed which would allow decision-makers in industry to make a preliminary analysis of whether solar thermal could be suitable for their processes. The checklists were split into two steps. The ‘K.O. criteria’ included the questions: Does the company need process heat below 100°? Is space available to install solar thermal collectors at the company site? Is this space oriented towards south/south-east/south-west or on a flat roof? Does the company use fossil fuels for process heat during summer months? If any of the ‘K.O’ questions are answered with ‘no’, it is rather unlikely that solar process heat will be economically feasible in most European climates.

The ‘O.K. criteria’ included the questions: Is process heat required from March to September? At least during five days per week? Are there plans for reconstruction/expansion at the site during the coming years? Is heat recovery from other processes technically or economically impossible? Is a payback period of more than five years for energy investments acceptable? Is there a general interest in the use of renewable energy sources?

Additionally, a design guide on integrating solar thermal into industrial processes was developed by Fraunhofer ISE and adapted by the partners to their regional contexts. The design guide includes load profiles, nomograms and system concepts for the four applications (heating of hot water for washing or cleaning; heating


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EUROPEAN EXAMPLES

Montesano: Iberic products in SpainMontesano specialises in meat products and is well-known for its Iberic ham. As in many food industries, the production process requires large amounts of warm water for cleaning and washing processes. A solar thermal system of 252 m² was installed in Jerez de los Caballeros, with two 15,000 litre buffer storages. The investment costs were €175,000, with a payback time of about seven years.

SOVEN: Sheep wool processing in SloveniaSOVEN is a sheep wool processing company in Selnica ob Dravi. Its hot water demand is mostly for washing, sanitising and colouring processes, which require temperatures of 40–45°C. A solar thermal system with 7 m² was installed. Investment costs were about €5500. The annual solar fraction is calculated to be 70%.

Hustert Galvanik: Electroplating in GermanyHustert Galvanik in Rahden specialises in surface treatment and electroplating (galvanising). A solar thermal installation with 221 m² (vacuum tubes) was installed, supporting the heating process for the industrial baths which require 80°C. The solar fraction is expected to be about 40%. Total investment costs were about €160,000.

Asamer: Concrete plant in Upper AustriaAsamer operates a gravel and concrete plant. As part of a comprehensive renovation – which also included a thermal retrofitting of the office building – a heat distribution grid supplied by biomass and a solar thermal system (167 m² of flat plate collectors) and two buffer storage tanks were installed. During the summer months the solar installation is calculated to cover all heat needs at the company site.

of make-up water for steam networks; bath or vessel heating; and convective drying with hot air).

MARKET OUTLOOKIn principle, the market outlook for solar process heat is rather positive. Especially in well-developed solar thermal markets in Europe, noticeable market development could take place in the coming years.However, a faster market uptake needs dedicated programmes and concerted efforts by market actors to tackle the economic barriers as well as information gaps across the value chain.

Promising approaches to starting market development could include solar thermal action plans with concrete measures for solar process heat; support to R & D as well as demonstration programmes (for example, the first 100, the first 1000 installations); financial support, either through subsidies or tax incentives; promotional measures to make solar process heat better known among decision-makers in industry; building

up skills in the relevant products and service provider companies and monitoring of systems and quality assurance.

In technical and practical terms, solar process heat is more often linked to energy efficiency measures in an industrial process than to the generation of renewable electricity. Therefore, policy support and promotional activities should also be taken in connection with measures for energy efficiency in industry.

Christiane Egger is deputy manager and Christine Öhlinger is head of sector, international tasks at O.Ö. Energiesparverband.


For information on the SO-PRO project, visit: www.solar-process-heat.eu


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HIGH-TECHTRANSPORT

WIND: OFFSHORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS

Manufacturers, developers and the rest of the offshore wind supply chain are working flat out to use the latest logistics technology in transporting turbines to Europe’s massive offshore wind resource – safely, swiftly and at the lowest possible cost. James Lawson explores what companies are doing.

MOVING TURBINES OFFSHORE

The pressure to lower the overall cost of wind power means that where turbines are built and how they move between factory, base port and field are more critical than ever. SCHEURLE


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Wind turbines are awkward creatures. Their heavy towers and nacelles, and long, fragile blades do not fit easily with

conventional transportation methods. It’s technically possible to move anything from A to B, but transport then becomes a significant part of the overall expense. The pressure to lower the overall cost of wind power means that where turbines are built and how they move between factory, base port and field are more critical than ever.

With their huge size, the latest generation of 6–7 MW turbines only increases the challenge. To address this, manufacturers and developers are evolving tested technologies and innovating with new machinery, techniques and processes.

Turbines can travel in sections – blades, hub, nacelle, tower and generator – so keeping the weight of each load to a minimum. Blades are the most problematic component, and transportation is a fundamental part of their design. This means building in lifting and clamping points that will withstand the movement from horizontal to vertical or the loadings incurred when a ship is at maximum tilt in a storm. Racks and carriers specific to each blade model must handle these forces without damaging the blade.

In road transport, manufacturers have long worked closely with specialist manufacturers to make sure that there will be trailers available to fit the components of their latest turbines. Tower sections can be moved using special wheeled ‘dollies’ bolted to each end. These are usually specific to each tower type, though French company Nicolas’s telescopic adapter technology can transport both towers and nacelles by changing the clamps used.

‘Every tower is different,’ says David Collett, managing director of Collett and Sons. ‘The first trailers we bought became obsolete within two or three years and we have invested millions since then.’

Blades require extendable trailers with steerable axles, helping them negotiate tight turns. Collett provides a ‘swept path’ GIS-based service that analyses exactly the route a component will travel. This means a developer will know which items of road furniture to remove, and also where a large component cannot pass at all. ‘The larger the blade, the more obstacles,’ says Collett. ‘Not all software works so well. We have turned up to find access roads built in the wrong place.’

Coping with extreme challenges like Alpine hairpin bends has led to ingenious solutions. Scheuerle’s trailer-mounted blade adapter grips the root of the blade and, using hydraulic power, can lift it to an angle of 23°, lower it and turn it left or right. This means the blade can ‘float’ over supporting walls, trees, buildings or other obstacles. In addition, it can be turned on its own longitudinal axis to reduce wind loading.

In America, Vestas employs custom railway wagons to ship its blades – including the 55-metre blades of the V112 – from its factory in Windsor, Colorado to the nearest port in Houston. Clamping the blade root to one wagon while the tip freely overhangs another means the train can safely negotiate the bends on the line.

The trend toward much larger rotor diameters in the latest generation of high output turbines challenges both logistics and turbine design. The ‘square-cube’ rule dictates that energy output increases with the square of the rotor diameter, but loads increase with the cube. Though manufacturers are using new materials and structural designs to limit the increase in top head and tower mass, the new turbines generally have larger and heavier components to handle the higher bending moments and other loads.

With its rotor diameter of 126 metres, REpower’s 5/6M series is the largest currently operating offshore. Those in development are even bigger. For example, the rotor of Nordex’s proposed N150/6000 will measure 150 metres, while Vestas’ 7 MW V164 will have 80 metre long blades; both comfortably exceed the London Eye’s 135 metre diameter.

To move the huge 63 metre blades of its 7.5 MW E-126 turbine by road, Enercon came up with a simple solution. They simply fold them in half. ‘No part is longer than an E-82 blade,’ says Henri Joppier, Enercon’s head of UK sales. ‘We deliver the nacelle in sections and it’s very easy to commission on-site. It’s a matter of design, at the end of the day.’

Enercon is the only manufacturer to do this, and even the cleverest trailers are reaching their limits with the largest one-piece blades. ‘Blades for the latest 6 MW turbines cannot practically travel by road,’ says Collett.

So, with proximity to a deepwater port required to transport the latest turbines, on-site manufacturing is the rational way to reduce both logistical complexity and cost. Ideally, turbine and foundation manufacturers would load out from their back door onto the deployment vessel, but a central location for shipping to the main development sites is the next best option. Currently, sea freight is exempt from carbon tax and, though shipping costs (and congestion) rose up to 2008, they have since stabilised. If and when either of these factors changes, moving manufacturing closer to the deployment site will be even more attractive.

‘We are trying to drive down the cost of offshore wind so we need to locate where we manufacture the various components carefully,’ says Rob Sauven, managing director of Vestas Technology UK. ‘You want to move an 80 metre blade as few times as possible. Every time you handle it, the cost goes up.’

REpower’s Bremerhaven factory is ideally located for fields like RWE’s Nordsee Ost. With the developer’s operations base just around the corner at Bremerhaven container port, the 48 6M turbines REpower is supplying for the project will have a very short journey.

The proposed UK factories for Siemens in Hull and Vestas in Sheerness also promise cost-effective, on-site manufacturing: both have excellent access to the UK’s east coast where hundreds of turbines will be installed in the coming years.

Sheerness is appealing for many reasons: access to deepwater docks is one of them and a huge load-out space around the size of

New wind turbine installation vessels (WTIVs) have far more deck space with extra flexibility to cater for different projects, and can jack their heavier payloads in deeper water. RWE


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70 football fields is another. V164 blade manufacturing and nacelle assembly is planned here, though this still depends on a firm order pipeline from developers.

‘Logic says build it directly on the quayside,’ says Anders Søe-Jensen, president of Vestas Offshore. ‘Getting the components in is not a problem but getting them out is, so you want to build it in the port from where it’s going to be loaded out.’

Though green technology is creeping into marine engineering with the likes of Damen Shipyards’ ASD 3212 diesel-electric-propelled ‘Green Tug’, transhipment between factory and project base relies almost exclusively on conventional vessels. Notable exceptions are Vestas’ two custom-built Bladerunner boats which move blades from the company’s R&D facility on the Isle of Wight to Southampton port for transhipment, and Enercon’s E-Ship 1 which, fittingly, harnesses wind power to help transport wind turbine components.

E-Ship 1 has four 27 metre-high Flettner rotors mounted on its deck. These are spun up using excess energy derived from the diesel engines’ exhaust gas, so making use of the force a spinning body in a moving airstream produces (the Magnus Effect) to help drive the ship. The same force is what causes the curved motion of a spinning football or cricket ball. This extra power reduces fuel consumption by up to 40%, and the ship’s adjustable cargo bay also lets it load many more wind turbine components than a conventional cargo vessel of the same size.

Transhipment also brings its own quayside challenges. For very heavy items such as nacelles, built-up towers and jackets, Collett

uses self-propelled modular transporters (SPMTs) that have been used for many years in sectors like oil and gas, and petrochemicals.

‘Moving blades up to 60 metres and nacelles between 200 and 400 tonnes is completely possible, but that’s strictly between the quayside and the storage area,’ says Collett. ‘You work out the number of axles you need and bolt them together.’

Offshore installation as a proportion of totalCAPEX is predicted to fall from 23% to 18%by 2020, spurred by innovative technology

Netherlands-based transportation specialist Wagenborg used SPMTs in various configurations to load out the REpower nacelles and rotors for the Alpha Ventus field last year. 20-axle lines of Scheuerle SPMTs transported complete rotors with diameters of between 116 and 118 metres, and weighing nearly 150 tonnes each, while the vast tripod foundations required a set of 22+8 axle SPMTs under each leg. To add to the challenge, the rotors had to slide right out over the dockside before the barge cranes were able to pick up the load.

The trip to the field is the next leg of the offshore turbine journey. Increased efficiency and lower costs are again the goal: offshore installation as a proportion of total CAPEX is predicted to fall from 23% to 18% by 2020, and innovative technology is paving the way.

For example, the GBF consortium’s gravity base foundation is deployed via a purpose-built barge. By adding or subtracting ballast, the barge can be sunk and raised in order to load a turbine,

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tow it to sea, sink it in position and then refloat in order to pick up the next one.

Suction bucket footings are also quick and cheap to install in soft seabed conditions. Mercon and ALE’s new EMI technology uses a standard barge equipped with a tilting frame in order to install monopiles or met masts with a multiple suction-bucket footing.

Driving down deployment costs also means finding the most efficient process for each offshore project – for example, whether to assemble the whole rotor onshore or to ship the blades and hubs individually and assemble them on-site. Lifting whole rotors means fewer offshore lifts and can be done in rougher weather, but racks of blades can be loaded more quickly at the quayside.

‘You want the lowest cost solution for that particular set of components for that weather window,’ explains Sauven. ‘Water depth, time of year, distance from port: each changes the equation and you need the flexibility to optimise for each site.’

Another choice is whether to ship turbine components out in smaller boats, giving better utilisation of the expensive on-site installation vessel. Specialist wind turbine installation vessels (WTIVs) can carry and install turbines and foundations themselves, but will be off-site when restocking back at the base port. With more demanding far offshore projects looming, the ‘mono-vessel’ concept is gaining the upper hand.

‘The available fleet of vessels require tugs and are much slower than the next generation new-builds, so there is no sense in using them to collect the components,’ says Katie Faulkner, A2Sea’s sales support manager. ‘Because Sea Installer has a larger capacity and is self-propelled, she will be able to “cut out the middle man”, and

collect the components directly from the production line, take them straight out to the site and carry out the installation.’

The jack-ups currently used for turbine installation were mostly built for the oil and gas industry and adapted for wind, while the new WTIVs are bigger and more capable in every way, even compared to first generation installers like the MPI Discovery.

‘These are absolute beasts in comparison to previous vessels,’ says Max Paterson, sales and marketing coordinator at Seajacks, whose own WTIV will arrive this year. ‘Existing boats have blade racks overhanging the front, but Zaratan can stack them across the back of the deck.’

Today’s foundations can weigh over 700 tonnes, with nacelles tipping the scales at over 350 tonnes and towers in excess of 260 tonnes. Cranes must have the reach and radius to install these at more than 100 metres above sea level. Crane loads are going up from 300–600 tonnes to 800–1200 tonnes or more, and employ a ‘wrap around the leg’ design for optimum deck access.

New WTIVs have far more deck space with extra flexibility to cater for different projects, and can jack their heavier payloads in deeper water. DP2 capability comes as standard, transit speeds are higher, and accommodation allows for extra installation workers: all attributes intended to support far offshore deployment.

‘At Thornton Bank, we were taking out one turbine per cycle,’ says Richard Hatton, head of UK offshore sales at REpower. ‘This year we were taking out two sets. The new vessels will be able to take six or seven sets per cycle.’

RWE considers this area so important that it built its own boats and founded a dedicated company to manage all aspects of offshore

Blades are the most problematic component of offshore wind turbines, and transportation is a fundamental part of their design. SCHEURLE


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On to the next HUSUM WindEnergy!18 – 22 September 2012 in Husum of course.

www.husumwindenergy.com

A co-operation between

MESSE HUSUM & CONGRESS

Book now for HUSUM 2014:

23 – 26 September

logistics. Its two SeaBreeze class vessels are now working on the Nordsee Ost and Gwynt y Môr fields respectively. Contrary to fears of a shortage in only two or three years, there are now numerous WTIVs appearing on the market.

‘Since we launched our plans, a lot of companies are building vessels. Every one is different, and in the next few years we will see which one is best,’ says a spokesman for RWE Innogy.

Swire Blue Ocean’s Pacific Orca exemplifies the new generation. It will have a 1200 tonne crane, a transit speed of 13 knots and accommodation for 111 people. With a deck area in excess of 4000 m2 and an 8400 tonne jackable weight, it will operate in up to 75 metres of water.

Fred. Olsen Windcarrier’s two boats, Brave Tern and Bold Tern,will be delivered in the second half of this year. ‘They are built to cope with a 10 MW turbine and a 470 tonne hub weight,’ says commercial manager Carl Erik Gurrik.

GeoSea’s Neptune will shortly start work on Thornton Bank while other new vessels due this year include Workfox’s Seafox 5,MPI’s Adventure and Discovery, another WTIV from Van Oord, and HGO InfraSea Solutions’ Innovation. The latter is the biggest yet, with a 1500 tonne crane and an 8000 tonne payload.

Deep water is the new frontier for turbine deployment. Going beyond 45 metres makes jacking impossible for almost all current vessels, and floating WTIVs would be the likely solution.

Dynamic stabilisation is an important technology here (and in all lifts involving floating vessels), reducing roll and so the dynamic crane loading, thus permitting relatively heavier lifts. Manufacturers

like Liebherr are also working to improve the heave compensation systems already built into many marine cranes. ‘We lifted turbine components from floating vessels on the Beatrice Demonstrator in 45 metres of water,’ says Hatton. ‘It’s faster because there’s no need to jack but it cuts down on the weather window. Better dynamic stabilisation is coming but it’s still a long way from being proven.’

Designers are now pushing vessel capability even further. For example, W3G Marine Ltd’s OWTIS (offshore wind turbine installation ship) concept offers a 1500 tonne crane. Gaoh’s twin-hull ‘offshore installation shuttle’ would carry two complete turbines or foundations on a high gantry. Employing a combination of dynamic positioning along with both vessel and hoisting compensation systems would give it a claimed 80% operational window in the North Sea.

Offshore wind development is often compared with the early days of North Sea oil exploration. Here, the comparison has real resonance. Manufacturers, developers and the rest of the supply chain are working flat out to use the latest logistics technology to access Europe’s massive offshore wind resource – safely, swiftly and at the lowest possible cost.

James Lawson is a freelance journalist focusing on the energy sector.





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China not immune to solar market shocksWith the solar bubble apparently bursting around the industry’s

ears in late 2011, as 2012 opens its doors for business much attention has been focused on the sector. The markets are certainly wise to be cautious given the impact of the downturn, regulatory instability and an increasingly price-competitive and oversupplied market. Indeed, it is clear that no-one in the solar sector has escaped unscathed. For while there are those who would like to lay the blame for the current squeeze on China’s doorstep, even some Chinese majors have suffered a noticeable dip. Take Trina Solar, which announced its Q3 figures late last year. It reported that solar module shipments were approximately 370 MW for the third quarter of 2011, representing a decrease of 6.6% sequentially with 396.4 MW in the second quarter of 2011, though an increase of 27.4% year-on-year compared with 2010 Q3 of 290.5 MW. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in available financing for some European projects and an increased customer credit risk management strategy, Trina says.

More significantly, net revenues were US$481.9 million, a decrease of 16.8% sequentially and 5.2% below the equivalent quarter of 2010, despite the significant increase in shipments. Losses from operations were $23.5 million, compared to a positive income of $32.8 million in the second quarter of 2011 and $113.0 million in the third quarter of 2010.

During the third quarter of 2011, the company announced supply agreements with Huanghe Hydropower Development Co., Ltd, a subsidiary of China Power Investment Corporation, for two ground-mounted solar projects in Qinghai, China for a total of 30 MW. It also signed a strategic partnership agreement with Origin Energy Australia to supply approximately 22 MW of PV modules.

Commenting on the figures, Jifan Gao, Trina’s chairman and CEO, said: ‘To best position Trina Solar going forward, we are refining our marketing and product strategies to address larger and more diversified distribution channels, in both established and emerging solar markets. These include growing the US residential leasing channel, where we recently signed a 60 MW supply agreement in the fourth quarter.’

Looking forward, for the fourth quarter of 2011, Trina says it expects to ship between 320 MW-350 MW of modules. Based on this assessment it has revised its outlook for the full year 2011 PV module shipment down to approximately 1.4 GW, compared with previous guidance of 1.75 GW-1.8 GW.

Similarly, in its latest figures Suntech Power Holdings Co., Ltd, the world’s largest producer of solar panels, showed total net revenues of $809.8 million in the third quarter of 2011, compared with $830.7 million – a decrease of 2.5% on the previous quarter, and an increase of 8.9% year-on-year with $743.7 million in the third quarter of 2010. Suntech’s total PV shipments also increased, in this case approximately 16% sequentially, and 36% year-on-year with 1.6 GW of silicon ingot and wafer capacity and 2.4 GW of cell and module capacity as of the end of Q3 2011.

The sequential decrease in revenues was primarily due to a decline in the average selling price of PV products, partially offset by an increase of shipments, Suntech says.

Loss from operations in the third quarter of 2011 was $16.0 million and operating margin was -2%, compared to losses from operations of $170.3 million and operating margin of -20.5% in the second quarter of 2011. These figures compare with an income of $62.6 million and an operating margin of 8.4% in Q3 2010.

Dr Zhengrong Shi, Suntech’s chairman and CEO, said: ‘Looking forward, we expect excess capacity to fuel strong competition and consolidation in the next two to three quarters. This will be challenging for all solar companies.’ The company plans to meet these challenges by reducing operating expenses by 20% in 2012 and holding off on planned capacity expansion this year.

The markets are wise to be cautious, asit is clear that no-one in the solar sectorhas escaped the downturn unscathed

Yingli Green Energy Holding Company Ltd also announced its Q3 results, saying that PV module shipments in fact increased by 21.9% from the second quarter of 2011, reaching a new high. But although total net revenues were RMB4258.6 million ($667.7 million) and gross profit was RMB458.5 million ($71.9 million), operating loss was RMB 5.5 million ($0.9 million), an operating margin of -0.1%. Based on current market and operating conditions, estimated production capacity and forecasted customer demand, the company has revised its PV module shipment target downwards to an estimated range of 1580 MW–1630 MW from the previous range of 1700 MW–1750 MW for fiscal year 2011.

Putting this into a European context, we see Q-Cells’ Q3 figures showing revenues of €228.8 million, compared with €316 million in Q2, and a revenue target of €1 billion confirmed for FY2011. Q-Cells says it expects that the implementation of several major utility projects in the fourth quarter will produce revenues of a level similar to Q2. In the third quarter, the operating result was again negative, standing at -€47.3 million.

Like Yingli, Schott Solar AG, the parent company of Schott Solar PV, Inc, also reported an increase in module sales. For its fiscal year, ending September 30, 2011, that percentage of growth was in the double digits, despite a rather difficult market environment, the company says.

Schott said it will be discontinuing its wafer manufacturing activities at its site in Jena, also in Germany, with 290 employees affected. Overcapacities and severe declines in prices, particularly with wafers and cells, have been the dominating factors. They lowered their prices for modules once again by more than 40% just like they did in 2009, a statement from the company says.

David Appleyard

Company Results


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While the solar PV industry has made tremendous strides in the Canadian market in the past year, there is still significant work to be done and each province faces different challenges. Jared Donald argues for the development of a national solar energy policy.

MOVING SOLAR FORWARD

FEDERAL-LEVEL INCENTIVES ARE NEEDED

The solar industry has worked diligently over the last year to inform and educate the Canadian public and the federal government on

the environmental and economic benefits of solar energy. As part of these efforts, representatives and members from the Canadian Solar Industries Association (CanSIA) met with the Department of Finance and Natural Resources to discuss a national incentive structure. In addition, CanSIA representatives stood as witnesses before the Senate Standing Committee on Energy and the Environment, presenting the benefits of solar PV for Canadians. These efforts were instrumental in garnering recommendations for the furthering of solar technology on a national level in the most recent Report of the Standing Committee on Finance. While the industry has made tremendous strides in the Canadian market in the past year, there is still significant work to be done and each province faces different challenges.

Without a national incentive structure, some provincial governments have developed policy infrastructures to support the deployment of solar within their respective provinces. In Ontario, the implementation of the feed-in tariff (FiT) and microFiT programmes has increased employment and brought in local manufacturing. Ontario’s solar industry supports approximately 8200 full-time jobs and more than 30 PV module and inverter manufacturing facilities. Through the FiT programme’s first two years it faced a number of implementation challenges, mostly due to a lack of visibility and an inability of contract offers to keep pace with applications. The government has recently halted the programme while it reviews how FiTs should be administered in 2012 and beyond. Through this review Ontario requested that CanSIA, as the trusted voice in the solar industry, provide feedback outlining how the programme can be improved. CanSIA members developed very specific and practical recommendations for presentation to the government. I believe that these actionable recommendations and the many in-person consultations between industry proponents and Provincial government representatives will significantly improve the design of the FiT programme for longer-term sustainability. One of the main

improvements we hope to see in the new FiT programme is greater transparency, which will help all members of the value chain.

While Ontario’s solar incentive policies are far ahead of those of other provinces, the aforementioned FiT review process is having a detrimental impact on its industry. Most installers and manufacturers are in a holding pattern until the new rules are determined and released, causing layoffs across the industry and requiring solar professionals to either take extended vacations or search for new employment outside the industry. The work being done at the government and regulatory level appears to be occurring in a manner that will allow the development of a more sustainable FiT programme, but until the policy framework is resolved the industry will remain in a very challenging state of flux.

Each province is at a different state in terms of solar energy implementation and each has very different goals, influenced by politics, economics and other considerations. Without a nationally administered solar energy directive, each province will continue to develop and administer its own policies in accordance with its own political, economic and environmental goals. This evolutionary development will greatly assist the growth of the solar industry in Canada, but it will occur in a slower and more fragmented manner.

The Ontario programme proved that FiTs are a very effective mechanism for creating market demand, but they are only one of many tools that support the effective growth of solar energy. It is hoped that jurisdictions outside Ontario take notice of the benefits the FiT programme has generated for that province and implement funding programmes with the same end goal: to further bolster the solar industry across Canada.

Jared Donald is president of Conergy Canada.



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World Future Energy SummitAbu Dhabi, UAE16–19 January 2012Reed Exhibitions Middle EastP.O. Box 60799, Abu DhabiUnited Arab EmiratesT: +971 2 444 61 13 F: +971 2 444 37 68W: http://www.worldfutureenergysummit.com/

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Renewable Energy FinanceForum – GermanyBerlin, Germany28–29 February 2012Euromoney Energy EventsT: +44 20 7779 8999 W: www.euromoneyenergy.com

5th International Photovoltaic Power Generation ExpoTokyo, Japan 29 February–2 March 2012Reed Exhibitions Japan Ltd18F Shinjuku-Nomura Bldg., 1-26-2 Nishishinjuku Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0570, JapanT: +81-3-3349-8576F: +81-3-3349-8535E: [email protected]: http://www.pvexpo.jp

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Photovoltaics World Expo8–10 March 2012Tampa, Florida, USPennWell CorporationStephanie MooreT: 918.832.9382F: 918-831-9729E: [email protected]: http://www.pvworldevent.com

RenewableUK Wave & Tidal 2012Edinburgh, UK15 March 2012RenewableUK, Simon BeckerGreencoat House Francis Street London, SW1P 1DH, UKT: +44 (0)20 7901 3032E: [email protected]: http://events.renewable-uk.com/

ECOBUILDExcel London20–22 March 2012International Business Events LimitedLudgate House245 Blackfriars RoadLondon SE1 9UY, UKT: +44 (0) 207 560 4458F: +44 (0) 207 560 4470E: [email protected]: www.ecobuild.co.uk

Green Energy Expo PV KOREADaegu, Korea28–30 March 2012(702-712) 90, Yutongdanji-ro (St.), Buk-gu, Daegu, KoreaT: +82 53 601 5371F: +82 53 601 5372E: [email protected]: http://www.pvkorea.co.kr/eng/

European Offshore Wind 2012 Conference and Exhibition, EWEA 2012Copenhagen, Denmark16–19 April 2012EWEA, Rue d’Arlon 80 1040 Bruxelles, BelgiumT: +32 2 213 18 60E: [email protected]: http://events.ewea.org/annual2012/

Renewable Energy World IndiaNew Delhi, India19–21 April 2012PennWell International, Helen LomasThe Water TowerGun Powder MillPowdermill LaneWaltham AbbeyEssex, EN9 1BN, UKT: +44 1992 656 654F: +44 1992 656 700E: [email protected]: http://www.renewableenergyworldindia.com

Hannover MesseHannover, Germany23–27 April 2012HANNOVER MESSE TeamDeutsche MesseMessegelände30521 HannoverT: +49 0511 89-0F: +49 0511 89-32626W: www.hannovermesse.de/en/homepage

Solarexpo 2012Verona, Italy09–11 May 2012Largo Panfilo Castaldi 132032 Feltre (BL)T: +39 0439 84 98 55F: +39 0439 84 98 54 W: http://www.solarexpo.com/

World Renewable Energy Forum & Exhibition 2012 (WREF 2012)Colorado, US13–17 May 2012Prof. A. SayighP.O. Box 362Brighton, BN2 1YH, UKT: +44 (0)1273 625643F: +44 (0)1273 625768E: [email protected]: http://www.wrenuk.co.uk

6TH SNEC PV POWER EXPO Shanghai, China 16–18 May 2012 Shanghai New Energy Industry Association (SNEIA) Rm. 902, Building 1, #2020 Zhongshan Rd. (W) Shanghai, China, 2020 1,902T: +86 21 64276991 W: www.snec.org.cn

Sustainabilitylive!Birmingham, UK22–24 May 2012Faversham House Group Ltd, Jordana GavinFaversham House, 232a Addington Road,South Croydon, Surrey, CR2 8LE, UKT: +44 (0)20 8651 7088E: [email protected]: http://www.sustainabilitylive.com


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DIARY


Advertisers’ indexABB OY 15, 48BECHTEL 17BEIJING SUNDA SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY, LTD. 45BINSWANGER 19EWEA - EWEA 2012 ANNUAL EVENT 41GO TOPEKA ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP 47HANWHA SOLARONE IFCHYUNDAI HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO LTD 3, 5MESSE HUSUM - HUSUM WINDENERGY 2012 53MULTI-CONTACT AG 27NAVIGANT CONSULTING INC 32NORDEX SE 29PENNWELL’S HYDRO GROUP WORLDWIDE CONFERENCES 56

POWER-GEN INTERNATIONAL 2012 CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 58RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD AFRICA 2012 CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 31RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD ASIA 2012 CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 55RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD INDIA 2012 CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 43REPOWER SYSTEMS AG 33RISO NATIONAL LABORATORY 51SANYO COMPONENTEUROPE GMBH 25SHANGHAI NEW ENERGY INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION - SNEC PV POWER EXPO 2012 IFCSIEMENS AG 11SMA SOLAR TECHNOLOGY AG 6-7

SOLAR PROMOTION GMBH - INTERSOLAR EUROPE 2012 37SOLAREXPO & GREENBUILDING - ITALIAN PV SUMMIT 35SOLAREXPO & GREENBUILDING - SOLAREXPO 2012 21TROJAN BATTERY COMPANY 13VESTAS BC

RenewableEnergy World

All Energy 2012Aberdeen, UK23–24 May 2012Media Generation Group plc11A Princes SquareHarrogateHG1 1ND, UKT: +44 (0)20 8241 1912; F: +44 (0)20 8940 6211E: [email protected]: http://www.all-energy.co.uk/

World Bioenergy 2012Jönköping, Sweden29–31 May 2012Svebio, Torsgatan 12 plan 3, 111 23 StockholmT: +46 (0)8-441 70 80, F: +46 (0)8-441 70 89E: [email protected]: www.worldbioenergy.com

WINDPOWER 2011Atlanta, Georgia, US3–6 June 2012American Wind Energy Association1501 M Street NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20005 USAT: +1 202.383.2500 F: +1 202.383.2505 E: [email protected]: http://www.windpowerexpo.org/

Renewable Energy World Europe Conference and Expo 2012Cologne, Germany12–14 June 2012PennWell International, Helen LomasThe Water TowerGun Powder MillPowdermill LaneWaltham AbbeyEssex, EN9 1BN UKT: +44 1992 656 654F: +44 1992 656 700E: [email protected]: http://www.renewableenergyworld-europe.com

Renewable UK Offshore Wind 2012London, UK13–14 JuneRenewableUKLevel 2 Greencoat HouseFrancis StreetLondon SW1P 1DH, UKT: +44 (0)20 7901 3000F: +44 (0)20 7901 3001 W: http://www.renewable-uk.com

Intersolar EuropeMunich, Germany13–15 June 2012Freiburg Wirtschaft Touristik und Messe GmbH & Co KGSolar Promotion GmbHP.O. Box 100 17075101 Pforzheim, GermanyT.: +49 7231 58598-0F: +49 7231 58598-28E: [email protected]: http://www.intersolar.de/en

Intersolar North AmericaSan Francisco, CA, US10–12 July 2012Mariel FirmacionAntenna GroupA Beckerman CompanyT: +1 415 977 1914F: +1 415 896 1094W: www.intersolar.us

Brazil Windpower 2012Rio de Janeiro, Brazil29–31 August 2012E: [email protected] W: www.brazilwindpower.org/en/

Husum WindEnergyHusum, Germany18–22 September 2012Messe Husum & CongressNCC – NordseeCongressCentrumAm Messeplatz 16–18D-25813 HusumW: http://www.husumwindenergy.com

Wind Power India 2012Chennai, India28–30 November 2012E: [email protected]: www.windpowerindia.in


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US Renewable Energy Companies


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REW Guide to US Renewable Energy Companies 20122

CONTENTS

5 Introduction

10 Large-scale renewables

24 Small-scale renewables

29 Transmission

33 US company listings

44 A–Z Index of companies

2012REW GUIDE TO US RENEWABLE ENERGY COMPANIES

Group Publisher Ralph Boon

Chief Editor David Appleyard

Associate Editor Tildy Bayar

Author Elisa Wood

Production Editor Piers Evans

Design Chad Wimmer

Production Controller Kimberlee Smith

Sales Managers Peter Anderson

Kate Hart

Rick Peredina

Alasdair Evans

Dan Harper

Sandra Spencer

BUYERS’ GUIDE STAFF

Buyers’ Guide Director Monica Gauba

Production/Database Manager Jessica Ross

Production/Database Specialist Lisa Hollis

Database Production Supervisor Tammy Croft

Editorial Assistant Jean Gallagher

Senior Input Processor Heidi Seiders

Database Administrators Christine Algie

Linda Smith-Quinn

Sandy Taylor

This guide has been prepared and published by PennWell International Publications Ltd The Water Tower, Gunpowder Mills, Powdermill Lane, Waltham Abbey, Essex EN9 1BN, UK

Tel: +44 1992 65 6600

Fax: +44 1992 65 6700


Web: www.RenewableEnergyWorld.com

With special thanks to all those who helped with this edition of the Guide.

Cover Photo: courtesy of Intel

© 2012 PennWell International Publications Ltd

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

reproduced in any form or by any means, whether

electronic, mechanical or otherwise including

photocopying, recording or any information storage

or retrieval system without the prior written consent

of the Publishers.

Opinions expressed in this publication are not

necessarily those of the Publishers or Editor.

Please note too that the listings are complied for

information purposes only; inclusion of a company

in these listings does not constitute any form of

recognition or endorsement by the Publishers or

any other party.

A searchable version of these listings is available on

our website at www.RenewableEnergyWorld.com. If

you spot any omissions or errors please let us know.

You can do this by visiting the website,

www.RenewableEnergyWorld.com, click on the

Buyers Guide link and then Edit My Listing or

Get Listed for Free links.

You may also contact us at +1 603 891 9459 or

email: [email protected]

We compile the company information from our own

questionnaires and data collection, from research

and from trade association membership lists. While

every attempt is made to ensure the accuracy of the

information contained in this magazine, neither the

Publishers nor the authors accept any liability for

errors or omissions.

Printed: In the UK by Williams Press.

ISSN 1462-6381

NOTE FROM THE EDITORWelcome to the 2012 Renewable Energy World

Guide to US Renewable Energy Companies.

We hope this latest edition, our fi fth, once

again provides both a valuable resource and

comprehensive reference for those working in

the renewable energy sector both within and

beyond the United States.

Perhaps more than ever, this year is expected

to be defi nitive for the US renewables industry.

For while there is inevitably some uncertainty

regarding policy developments over the coming

months, there is no doubt that the US has moved

well beyond the ‘if’ and ‘when’ of renewables’

integration into the energy mix. Now the issue is

how these plans can be implemented as quickly

and as cheaply as possible. And, as grid parity

draws ever closer, regulators, policymakers,

investors, developers, owners, operators, and

grid operators are already focusing on the fi ner

engineering and market aspects that will enable

this industry’s vast potential to be realised.

For the US, this can manifest itself not only in

terms of lower carbon emissions, lower imports

of fossil fuels and reduced energy pricing

volatility. This transformation means investment

in manufacturing, jobs and economic growth.

With policymakers and industry now

recognising this for the opportunity it is, the

US energy system’s evolution has begun in

earnest. In all, wind accounted for 35% of new

US generation over the last four years, more

than all other forms of electricity generation

except natural gas. And last year the US solar

industry broke all of its records in the third

quarter by installing 449 MW of PV, more than

was installed in all of 2009. With CSP and solar

thermal included, this fi gure rises to around 1

GW for the fi rst three quarters. This large-scale

development took place despite a lagging

economy and limited sources of fi nancing,

making the achievement even more remarkable.

America is known as the land of opportunity; for

US renewables that has never been more true.

As always, if readers wish to be included

in future editions then we welcome your

engagement, simply refer to our website:

www.RenewableEnergyWorld.com where

you can add to or update our existing on-line

listings database if details have changed.

David Appleyard

Chief Editor

Renewable Energy World

10

24

29

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES INC. 4

APTRONIC AG 25

BUILDGROUP 13

DPW SOLAR 17

FASTENER TECHNOLOGIES INC. 9

GROWATT NEW ENERGY NORTH AMERICA C2

HURST BOILER 1

HYTORC, DIVISION OF UNEX CORP. C4

LIFELINE ENERGY USA, INC. C3

RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS AMERICAS INC. 7

RUSSTECH LANGUAGE SERVICES, INC. 19

SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC 15

SIKA CORPORATION 16

SPIRE CORPORATION 27

TWR LIGHTING, INC. 60

UNITED STATES RENEWABLE ENERGY ASSOCIATION 21

VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS 3

Advertisers’ Index


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5REW Guide to US Renewable Energy Companies 2012

Renewable energy

continues to

buck the trend

and prosper as

other industries

falter in the sluggish

economy. The US wind

energy industry added nearly

80% more capacity in third

quarter 2011 than in third

quarter 2010. Simultaneously,

the solar industry reported

a spectacular 140% growth

quarter over quarter for

the same period. Analysts

forecast continued expansion

into 2012 for both industries,

making them coveted job-

builders in an economy where

unemployment hovers at a

crippling 8%–9%.

Meanwhile, US innovators

increasingly turn their talents

to improving and refi ning

renewable energy technologies.

California’s Silicon Valley, a

worldwide centre of high-tech

genius, is focusing more and

more on solar and smart grid

inventions. ‘You can’t throw a

softball around here without

hitting another solar company,’

quipped Dan Shugar, one of the

solar industry’s early pioneers

and now CEO of Solaria, a

Fremont company that makes

silicon photovoltaic products.

From these innovators

come more effi cient and

easier-to-install solar panels

and growing integration of the

technology with the smart grid.

At the same time, the wind

industry is producing new wind

turbines suited for locations that

were previously inhospitable to

the resource, opening up more

terrain for wind development.

Biomass production is

becoming more cost-effective

and versatile, as companies

achieve greater crop production

per acre with less water use.

For geothermal, research and

development are leading the

way to new exploration and

drilling, mineral recovery, and

low-temperature technologies.

This explosion of innovation

offers a dual advantage for the

US. First, it makes renewable

energy cheaper and more

consumer-friendly, which

leads to more households,

businesses and utilities going

green. Second, many of these

new innovations – especially

those that advance distributed

generation – fi ll market needs in

developing countries, so create

new export opportunities for

US companies.

Of course, the industry also

faces bumps in the road. As

you’ll learn in these pages, wind

energy’s prospects depend

on a federal incentive that

could expire. And the US solar

industry fi nds itself embroiled

in a trade dispute with China,

while manufacturers suffer as

panel prices tumble. But the

renewable energy industry

tackles these issues from a

position of strength. Now viewed

as a credible – indeed preferred –

energy resource by consumers,

businesses and political leaders,

renewable energy enters 2012

as one of the US economy’s

success stories.

STATES LEAD

With the nation’s two major

political parties at a near

stalemate and an election year

ahead, the federal government

is expected to achieve little in

the way of signifi cant energy

legislation in 2012. Still, pundits

expect renewable energy to

thrive as state governments

continue to lead the way with

renewable portfolio standards

(RPS) and other policy measures

that encourage green energy

development. The American

Council on Renewable Energy

credits RPS programmes for

50% of US wind development

since 2001. And ACORE fi nds

that such policies in California,

Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey

and Texas create the fi ve largest

markets for renewable energy

growth in the country.

Within their RPS programmes,

states are refi ning their use of

renewable energy credits (RECs)

as a vehicle to help projects

accrue revenue. (One MWh of

renewable energy typically equals

one REC.) In many states, utilities

must acquire an increasing

number of the credits over the

next several years to meet legal

mandates for green energy use.

Policymakers are creating new,

more specifi c credits or ‘set-

asides’ to foster development

of certain kinds of renewable

energy. One of the most well

known is the solar renewable

energy credit, or SREC. More

recent entrants are the OREC

or offshore renewable energy

credit; ZREC or zero emissions

renewable energy credit; and

LREC or low emissions renewable

energy credit.

RECs of all kinds will become

increasingly sought after in coming

years as states demand that

utilities acquire more and more

renewable energy under RPS

rules. The National Renewable

Energy Laboratory (NREL) says

that by 2015, states will need

150 TWh of green energy to

meet RPS requirements, up from

55 TWh in 2010.

WHO’S GREENEST?

Research fi rm Clean Edge

looks annually at how the

states compare based on

various clean energy metrics.

Three states derived more than

10% of their utility-scale power

from wind, solar, or geothermal

in the company’s 2011

analysis. Iowa was fi rst with

15.4% of its electricity from

wind; North Dakota second with

11.99% from wind; and California

third with 10.06% from wind,

solar, and geothermal. California

INTRODUCTION

RENEWABLES & PROSPERITY

TOP 10 STATES FOR

CLEAN ENERGY

Rank State Score

1. California 95.3

2. Oregon 79.4

3. Massachusetts 71.8

4. New York 63.1

5. Colorado 60.2

6. Washington 60

7. New Mexico 57

8. Minnesota 57

9. Connecticut 56.9

10 Vermont 53.2

Clean Edge compiled the above

list as part of its second annual US

Clean Energy Leadership Index, which

examined 70 different indicators to

ranks states for technology, policy and

capital. See http://www.cleanedge.

com/leadership

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GREEN PRICING PROGRAMME RENEWABLE ENERGY SALES

Rank Utility Resources Used Sales

(kWh/year)

1 Austin Energy Wind, landfi ll gas 754,203,479

2 Portland

General Electric

Wind, biomass, geothermal 735,745,202

3 Pacifi Corp Wind, biomass, landfi ll gas,

solar

587,373,391

4 SMUD Wind, hydro, biomass,

solar

395,537,564

5 Xcel Energy Wind, solar 388,837,429

6 Puget Sound

Energy

Wind, landfi ll gas, biomass,

small hydro, solar

314,892,507

7 CLP/UI Wind, hydro 229,408,999

8 CPS Energy Wind 186,880,675

9 National Grid Biomass, wind, small

hydro, solar

167,149,902

10 We Energies Wind, landfi ll gas, solar 164,546,605

2010 data published May 2011 NREL

ranked number one when it

came to attracting venture

capital. Renewable energy made

up more of the electricity mix

(84%) in Idaho than in any other

state. Other states that got more

than 60% of their electricity from

renewables were Washington

(71.59%), South Dakota (65%),

and Oregon (63.84%). Clean

Edge ranked these states as

the overall clean energy leaders,

based on several parameters.

TOP 10 UTILITIES

Renewables also continue to

prosper through green pricing

programmes offered by utilities.

Under these programmes,

utility customers choose to

buy their electricity under a

special rate set up to support

renewables. Green power sales

from utility programmes exceed

6 TWh, according to a May

2011 report issued by NREL.

Wind energy represents

more than 75% of electricity

generated for US green

pricing programmes, the

report says.

About 850 utilities now allow

customers to subscribe to green

energy programmes, where

a portion of the customer’s

monthly electric payment goes

toward renewable energy

development. Utility green pricing

programmes are one segment of

a larger green power marketing

industry that encompasses

1.5 million customers, and helps

support more than 9000 MW of

renewable capacity, according

to NREL.

Texas-based Austin Energy

sold the largest amount of

renewable energy in the nation

through its green pricing

programme, according to

NREL. The top 10 utilities are

listed in the chart below.

NREL noted a signifi cant trend

in movement toward community

solar programmes, also called

solar gardens (see Small-scale

Renewables chapter). Under

these programmes customers

buy a share of a solar system

and receive net metering

benefi ts from the project,

typically a credit on their bill.

‘Utilities and third parties

are increasingly developing

community solar programmes

as one way to support local

renewable energy development,’

said NREL analyst Jenny

Sumner. ‘Customers can invest

in solar through community

solar programmes even if they

are renters or own homes with

shaded roofs.’

In El Jebel, Colorado, the

80 kW Holy Cross Energy

solar project provides

an 11 cents/kWh credit

on the monthly bills of

18 participants that purchased

shares for $3.15/watt or

$3150/kW. Other community

solar programmes highlighted by

NREL can be found in Ashland,

Oregon; Bainbridge Island,

Washington; Delta-Montrose

Electric Association, Colorado;

Ellensburg, Washington; Florida

Keys Electric Coop, Florida;

Holy Cross Energy, Colorado;

Okanogan Electric Cooperative,

Washington; Poulsbo Project,

Washington; Sacramento

Municipal Utility District,

California; St. George, Utah;

Trico Electric, Arizona; and

United Power, Colorado.

BIG GREEN ENERGY USERS

The US Environmental Agency

tracks green energy purchases

among large businesses,

institutions and government

entities that participate in its

Green Power Partnership.

The top 50 organisations in its

programme accounted for 14

TWh of renewables annually

as of October 2011. Intel

Corporation again topped the

list as the largest buyer of green

power with the purchase of

more than 2.5 TWh annually, up

from 1.4 TWh last year. Kohl’s

Department Stores and Whole

Foods Market also held their

positions, again this year, as

second and third. Starbucks

slipped from fourth to fi fth,

bested this year by the city of

Austin, Texas. See the full list on

page 8.

Among colleges and

universities, the University of

Pennsylvania topped the EPA

list for green energy purchases

with 48% of its electricity coming

from solar and wind. Next

in line was Carnegie Mellon,

followed by the University of

Utah, Oregon State University,

and Drexel.

Local governments that

ranked highest for green energy

use were: Houston, Austin,

Dallas, District of Columbia

and Chicago. The top user of

on-site energy was

Kimberly-Clark, which gets

8% of its power from on-site

biomass. The US Air Force

came next, followed by BMW

Manufacturing, Wal-Mart, and

the City of San Jose, California.

US-CHINA PARTNERSHIP

While the US-China dispute

over solar panel prices

made headlines in 2011 (see

Small-scale Renewables

chapter), the two countries

collaborate in many ways on

renewable energy. Several

groups hope the dispute will not

chill this business relationship.

Partnerships with China can

help US companies overcome

today’s fi nancing hurdles,

according to the Fall 2011 US-

China Quarterly Market report

by ACORE and the Chinese

Renewable Energy Industries

Association (CREIA).

Specifi cally, the report

envisions a marriage of

American labour for installation,

operations and maintenance

with Chinese goods and

fi nance. This would give US solar

installations a temporary boost.

To retain their market share,

Chinese manufacturers will be

required to move manufacturing

to the US to maintain supply

chain management, says

the report.

SAFEST ENERGY

Another benefi t of renewable

energy became apparent in

2011: it is probably the safest

form of generation. The issue

of safety came to the fore in

March following explosions

and radiation leaks at Japan’s

Fukushima Daiichi nuclear

plant after it was hit by a

tsunami. Renewable energy

is considered to be safer than

nuclear or fossil fuel plants

during natural disasters because

it uses no explosive materials or

radioactive elements.


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Renewable Energy Systems Americas Inc.

11101 W. 120th Ave.|Suite 400|Broomfield, CO 80021

303.439.4200 res-americas.com

Develops | Constructs | Owns | Operates

54 projects - 5,714 MW(constructed and/or under construction)

Founded in 1997, Renewable Energy Systems Americas Inc.

(RES Americas) is a fully-integrated renewable energy company.

We are in a class of our own with the in-house expertise we offer,

ranging from resource analysis, development, site design,

procurement, engineering, construction, through to operations.

RES Americas can:

• Sell its developed and constructed

projects to others,

• Construct projects developed by others,

• Operate projects, and/or

• Own projects

One Company – Many Solutions

For more info, scan the QR code with your smartphone. If you don't have a QR code app, it can be downloaded for free.

Jitendra MorankarSolar Engineering Manager

Steve ReutckeVP, HSQE

Roark LanningTurbine Engineering Manager

Jasmine PowersManager HSQE

Jenny BredtDevelopment Manager

Tom DuckettConstruction Development, Manager



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Wind power, in particular, won

kudos following the devastating

tidal wave. The seven turbines

at Japan’s Kamisu offshore

wind farm not only remained

erect but continued to operate

providing much-needed power.

‘If you think about it, when it

comes to a tsunami, it’s hard

to get much better than a wind

turbine for a source of energy

production that will survive the

event,’ said Mark Rodgers,

communications director for

NATIONAL TOP 10 EPA GREEN POWER PARTNERSHIP

Annual Green

Power Usage

(kWh)

GP % of To-

tal Electricity

Use*

Organization

Type

Providers (listed in descending order

by kWh supplied to Partner)

Green Power

Resources

1. Intel Corporation

2,502,052,000 88% Information

Technology

Sterling Planet°, PNM, On-site

Generation

Solar, Wind

2. Kohl’s Department Stores

1,420,080,000 101% Retail 3Degrees°, Sterling Planet°, Nexant°,

On-site Generation

Solar, Wind

3. Whole Foods Market

752,257,623 100% Retail 3Degrees°, NextEra Energy

Resources°, Renewable Choice

Energy°, On-site Generation

Solar, Wind

4. City of Houston, TX

438,000,000 34% Govt. (Local,

Municipal)

Reliant Energy Wind

5. Starbucks

421,921,000 52% Restaurants &

Food Srvcs.

3Degrees°, Nexant° Wind

6. Johnson & Johnson

416,510,688 39% Health Care 3Degrees°, PNM, NextEra Energy

Resources°, GDF Suez Energy

Resources NA°, Sempra Energy°,

Liberty Power°, On-site Generation

Biomass,

Solar, Wind

7. City of Austin, TX

406,000,000 100% Govt. (Local,

Municipal)

Austin Energy° Wind

8. Staples

341,509,408 52% Retail Sterling Planet°, Avista Utilities,

Pacifi c Power°, Tennessee Valley

Authority°, Portland General Electric,

Constellation NewEnergy°

Biogas, Solar,

Wind

9. Hilton Worldwide

315,000,000 94% Travel &

Leisure

Renewable Choice Energy° Various

10. City of Dallas, TX

302,880,000 40% Govt. (Local,

Municipal)

GDF Suez Energy Resources NA Wind

*Refl ects the amount of green power as a percentage of total electricity use. Partners choosing to purchase green power in

an amount exceeding 100% of their US organisation-wide electricity use are listed as such.

°Indicates Provider is selling Partner a third-party certifi ed green power product. For more information on third-party certifi -

cation, visit http://www.epa.gov/greenpower/buygp/certifi ed.htm

EPA GREEN POWER PARTNERSHIP, OCTOBER 2011

Cape Wind, a 130 turbine

project in planning off the New

England coast. ‘Its smooth,

cylindrical steel tower allows the

water to easily slide past and

around it, defl ecting most of the

force of the oncoming surge of

water — and if it’s an offshore

wind turbine so much the better

because it is already designed

for salt water exposure.’

THE FUTURE

As the renewable energy

industry moves into 2012,

macroeconomic uncertainty

continues to create question

marks about its pace of

growth. But the industry

appears positioned to remain

a bright spot in the economy,

one that provides new jobs,

cleaner energy and perhaps

new exports of US clean

technology. Much will depend

on consumer support for

the resource.

Research by NREL indicates

that consumers associate

renewable energy primarily with

the environment and appear

unaware of its other benefi ts. To

capture consumer attention, the

technology needs to be linked

more closely with prosperity in

the US psyche.

Why is this important? The

renewables industry continues

to face the same problem as

the larger electricity market.

Electricity is delivered so

seamlessly that it is invisible to

the consumer. As a result, even

though US consumers support

renewable energy, only about

14% know they can actually

buy it, says NREL’s report,

Consumer Attitudes About

Renewable Energy: Trends and

Regional Differences.

‘Consumers obviously need

to know they have the option

of putting their money where

their values are,’ NREL says.

Such education efforts will

become increasingly important

in 2012 and beyond, as the US

continues to push for renewable

energy to become a much

larger part of its electric power

portfolio. This guide attempts

to lend a hand by painting

an annual portrait of the US

renewable energy industry and

its successes.


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LARGE-SCALE RENEWABLES

LARGE-SCALE RENEWABLES:

WHY WE NEED MORE

Never before has electricity been more important. As the US economy

becomes increasingly high-tech, it needs more power and it needs that

power to be green. By 2035, we will use 31% more electricity than we

do today. Where will this power come from? If we continue to rely on

coal-fi red plants, we will foul our air and water. So instead we turn to

wind, sun, water and biomass to power our computers, air conditioners and our

coming electric cars. That is why, despite the economic downturn, the US has

continued to invest in large-scale wind farms, solar plants and other renewable

generators that are connected to the grid. As other industries have faltered, the

renewable energy sector has thrived, offering a rare centre of economic vitality

and new jobs in an otherwise troubled economy.

WIND STRONG; FUTURE CLOUDY

The US wind industry represents one of renewable energy’s largest success

stories, and it continued to grow in 2011 at a pace most industries would

envy. Over the last four years, wind energy produced more than one-third of

US electric capacity. By the end of the third quarter, US wind energy capacity

totaled about 43.5 GW, according to the American Wind Energy Association

(AWEA). The industry added about 1204 MW in the third quarter, a 79% increase

over the same period in 2010. Bent Tree Wind Farm

ALLIANT ENERGY


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Wind power installations top 20 states

Through 2010

1Q 2011

2Q 2011

3Q 2011

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000

Capacity installed (MW)

Texas

Iowa

California

Minnesota

Illinois

Washington

Oregon

Colorado

Oklahoma

North Dakota

Wyoming

New York

Indiana

Kansas

South Dakota

Pennsylvania

New Mexico

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Missouri

Most capacity installed during 3Q 2011

Capacity (MW)

Colorado 501.00Minnesota 163.00Oklahoma 129.60West Virginia 97.60Texas 88.20

Fastest growing states during 3Q 2011

Growth rate %

Ohio 66.7Colorado 38.6West Virginia 22.7Maine 22.5Michigan 12.6

AWEA



except natural gas-fi red power.

Still the industry worries about

its future, and with good reason.

Financing remains diffi cult to

secure and federal stimulus

programmes are winding down.

A key federal incentive, the

production tax credit, or PTC,

expires at the end of 2012 and

to the chagrin of wind advocates

Congress fi nished its work in

2011 without extending it.

Further, the US has been

slow to build transmission that

can connect wind power to

distant cities. Transmission

projects often face not-in-my-

backyard opposition that can

delay them for many years. And

new transmission is expensive,

costing about $1 million per mile

to build. Wind developers shy

away from proposing wind farms

where no transmission yet exists,

and utilities don’t want to put

money into building transmission

unless a generator stands ready

to use the lines. Wind industry

insiders call this the transmission

chicken and egg dilemma.

While these problems could

stymie wind development in the

short term, the industry’s long-

term prospects remain strong.

Large wind developers with deep

pockets have secured excellent

wind sites, but are biding their

time until the economy improves

and more transmission is built. In

addition, about three fi fths of the

states have aggressive goals to

add more green energy. These

requirements are known as

renewable portfolio standards,

or RPS. The policy differs from

state to state, but generally

an RPS requires that about

15%–20% of a state’s electricity

come from green sources by

specifi ed dates. To meet the

requirements, most states will

need to build large, new wind

farms over the next 5–15 years.

KEY INCENTIVE TO EXPIRE

Congress tends to approve

wind energy’s PTC for only short

periods of time. As a result, the

US wind industry goes through

periods of boom and bust.

Congress has let the PTC lapse

three times: in 1999, 2001 and

2003. In the years following

expiration, installations dropped

by between 73% and 93%,

only to revive again once the

credit was restored, according

to AWEA. The 2.2 cents/kWh

credit is again set to expire at

the end of 2012. In addition, a

30% cash grant in lieu of the

PTC ended at the close of 2011.

AWEA and other renewable

energy advocates are pressing

hard for continued support

from Congress, but the going

is diffi cult as the federal

government seeks ways to lower

its large defi cit. Some industry

insiders are predicting little to

no new development in 2013

unless the PTC is renewed.

The PTC has been stable

for the last four years, and as a

result the wind industry attracted

about $17 billion per year in

private investment, according

to a December 2011 study by

Navigant Consulting. The US

could save about 54,000 jobs in

the next four years, and keep the

wind sector on track to support

500,000 jobs by 2030

by preserving the PTC.

Colorado, Texas, Iowa, Illinois,

Pennsylvania, California,

Oregon, North Dakota and Ohio

would see the greatest gains.

But cutting the PTC would wipe

out two thirds of the private

investment in the industry and

half of its jobs, the report says.

‘American manufacturing

jobs are coming back, with

tens of thousands of new jobs

from wind power,’ said Denise

Bode, AWEA CEO. ‘But these

jobs could vanish if Congress

allows the Production Tax Credit

to expire, in effect enacting

a targeted tax increase,

and sending our jobs to

foreign countries.’

PTC UNDER THREAT

According to Navigant

Consulting’s Impact of the

In all, 45 new wind farms

began operating in 25 states

in 2011. Colorado added

the most capacity, about

500 MW, and Ohio demonstrated

the overall fastest growth rate

of 66.7%. Colorado is home to

two of the largest wind farms

built in the fi rst nine months of

the year: the 250 MW Cedar

Creek II, developed and owned

by BP Wind Energy; and the

250 MW Cedar Point Wind

Energy, developed by RES

Americas and owned by

Enbridge. Both projects are

selling their output to Xcel

Energy. Midwest Wind Energy

fi nished the 239 MW Big Sky

Wind in Illinois for the Edison

Mission Group, which will sell

the output on the merchant

market. Wind Capital Group and

Alliant Energy brought on line the

201 MW Bent Tree, a Minnesota

project owned by Wisconsin

Power & Light. Terra-Gen Power

completed three phases of its

Alta project in California: the

150 MW Alta III, 102 MW Alta IV,

and 168 MW Alta V. The projects

will sell their output to Southern

California Edison.

Although development has

slowed in Texas, it continues

to have far more wind power in

operation than any other state.

Texas also is home to seven of

the nation’s top 10 largest wind

farms, including all of the top

fi ve. Figures released by AWEA

in autumn of 2011 show Texas

with 10,223 MW of installed

capacity, followed by Iowa with

3708 MW; California 3599 MW;

Oregon 2305 MW; Washington

2356 MW; Illinois 2438 MW;

Minnesota 2681 MW; Oklahoma

1612 MW; Wyoming 1412 MW;

New York 1349 MW; Colorado

1800 MW; and Indiana

1339 MW.

AWEA found the third

quarter to be busiest in terms

of new construction since

2008, with work underway

on about 90 projects in 29

states representing 8400 MW.

In all, wind has accounted for

35% of new US generation over

the last four years, besting all

other forms of electric energy


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Production Tax Credit on the US

Wind Market report, released

in mid-December 2011, with

no PTC extension the US wind

market will shrink signifi cantly

in 2013:

Annual installations will be

2 GW in 2013, down from

>8 GW in 2012;

Total wind-supported jobs

will drop by nearly half, from

78,000 in 2012 to 41,000

in 2013;

Total wind investment will

drop by nearly two-thirds,

from $15.6 billion in 2012 to

$5.5 billion in 2013.

With a four-year PTC

extension, however, the

US wind market will grow

through 2016:

Annual installations will be

8–10 GW through 2016;

Total wind-supported jobs

will grow to 95,000 by 2016;

Total wind investment will

grow to $16.3 billion in 2016.

OFFSHORE WIND PERSEVERES

The US has yet to build any

offshore wind, and 2011

brought mixed results for the

industry. A handful of projects

moved closer to construction,

as the federal government

bolstered its support. Other

projects, however, fell to the

wayside, stymied by economic

and siting woes.

Offshore wind could produce

four times the nation’s current

generation capacity, about

4150 GW, according to a 2010

report by NREL. However, it’s

not possible to build offshore

wind farms in many places.

The west coast, for example,

is considered inhospitable

because of its rocky shoreline

and near-shore deep waters.

Most of the nation’s offshore

wind development is occurring

along the eastern seaboard,

where shallow, sandy shoals

offer easier construction. Until

recently, the Great Lakes also

appeared to be a likely location

for development.

The industry found itself

stymied in 2011 by the falling

price of natural gas. Offshore

wind prices are high. A newer

technology, it has yet to achieve

the economies of scale of

onshore wind. It was these high

prices that caused the New

York Power Authority (NYPA) in

September to cancel plans for

120–500 MW of offshore wind

on the US side of the Great

Lakes. NYPA said that the fi ve

competitive bids it received

from developers were two to

four times more expensive than

land-based wind. Earlier in

the year, the offshore wind

industry also faced rejection

on the Canadian side of the

Great Lakes, when Ontario’s

provincial government placed

a moratorium on development.

Government offi cials said they

need more time to study the

impact of wind turbines on fresh

water ecosystems.

In addition, in late

2011 NRG Energy put its

200 MW Delaware project

on hold, canceling its power

purchase agreement (PPA)

with Delmarva Power & Light.

NRG cited as reason for the

withdrawal its inability to fi nd an

investment partner, Congress’s

decision to cut the federal

loan guarantee programme for

offshore wind and the uncertain

future of the federal PTC.

However, many projects are

proceeding. In New England,

the 420 MW Cape Wind

continued to seek fi nancing and

a buyer for half of its output.

Being developed off the coast

of Massachusetts by a private

fi rm, Energy Management Inc,

the project has a PPA for the

other half of its output with

National Grid at a beginning

price of 18.7 cents/kWh in 2013

with a 3.5% annual escalator.

The fi rst offshore wind farm

proposed in the US, it also

became the fi rst to receive

a lease to operate in federal

waters. The project is expected

to contribute signifi cantly to the

state’s RPS that requires 15% of

power to come from renewables

by 2020, and Governor

Patrick Deval’s target to build

2000 MW of wind power in the

state by the same year. Offi cials

said Cape Wind also would help

Massachusetts reach its goal

of reducing greenhouse gases

10%–25% below 1990 emission

levels by 2020. And fi nally, the

state sees wind power as an

effective hedge against volatile

fossil fuel prices.

The project has now won

all major regulatory approvals,

but still faces legal hurdles, as

its long-time foe, the Alliance

to Protect Nantucket Sound,

continues to challenge the

project in court. However, Cape

Wind supporters are optimistic

the project will win on the

legal front given the opposition

group’s lack of success in

court so far.

In nearby Rhode Island,

another offshore project has

also secured a power purchase

agreement with National Grid.

New Jersey-based Deepwater

Wind plans to build a 30 MW

project off Block Island. State

offi cials have attempted to spare

the Deepwater Wind project the

long battle endured by Cape

Wind by selecting Deepwater

as a preferred vendor and

designating areas of the state’s

coast for expedited zoning

review. Power from that project

is priced at 24.4 cents/kWh

beginning in 2013. Deepwater

Wind says its project carries a

high price tag because it is a

small pilot project and lacks the

economies of scale of the lower-

priced Cape Wind. Deepwater

signed a contract in October

to purchase fi ve 6 MW turbines

from Siemens for the project,

which it hopes to bring online

in 2013/2014.

Deepwater Wind also plans

to build a 1000 MW wind

farm further offshore, about

20–25 miles (32–40 km) off

New England, which will serve

several northeastern states. The

project includes an extensive

underwater transmission

project, the New England-Long

Island Interconnector (NELI),

connecting DWEC to southern

New England and eastern Long

Island. NELI will allow the wind

farm to send power to multiple

states in the region. Deepwater

BUREAU OF OCEAN ENERGY MANAGEMENT RFI RESPONDENTS BY STATE AND COMPANY TYPE

StateRespondents

Existing US offshore player Major North American wind player Other

Delaware NRG-Bluewater

Maryland NRG-Bluewater

Fishermen’s Energy

Energy Management Inc.

Apex (Maryland Offshore)

Iberdrola

RES America

Seawind Renewable Energy

Orisol Energy

Massachusetts Energy Management Inc.


NRG-Bluewater

Iberdrola Condor Wind Energy

Free Flow Power Corp.

Neptune Wind

No Fossil Fuel

Offshore MW

US Wind Inc.

New Jersey Garden State Offshore Energy

(PSEG & Deepwater Wind)

NRG-Bluewater


Apex (New Jersey Offshore Wind)

TCI Renewables

Mainstream Renewable Power

enXco

Iberdrola

Offshore MW

Neptune Wind

US Wind Inc.

Rhode Island Deepwater Wind

Energy Management Inc.


enXco

Iberdrola

Mainstream Renewable Power

Neptune Wind

US Wind Inc.

IHS EMERGING ENERGY RESEARCH


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GE49.7%

Siemens16.2%

Gamesa11.0%

Mitsubishi6.8%

Suzlon6.1%

Vestas 4.3%

Acciona 1.9%

Clipper 1.4%REpower 1.3%

Other 1.2%

US Wind Industry annual market report year ending 2010 AWEA

US wind turbine market share 2010

Total installations:

5115 MW



Wind hopes to have the project

under construction in 2014/2015

and operating in 2016/2017.

Meanwhile, New Jersey

continues to investigate

an innovative approach to

development intended to

fi nance about 1100 MW of

offshore wind through the

sale of offshore renewable

energy credits, or ORECs.

New Jersey plans to offer the

credits through competitive

bidding. In nearby New York, a

group that includes NYPA, the

Long Island Power Authority

and Consolidated Edison is

exploring the possibility of

developing 350–700 MW about

13–17 miles (21–27 km) off the

south shore of Long Island.

In addition, several offshore

projects have emerged as a

result of plans by the US Bureau

of Ocean Energy Management,

or BOEM, to offer commercial

leases along the outer continental

shelf off the East Coast. BOEM

issued a solicitation to determine

developer interest in the leases.

The chart on page 12 lists the

companies that responded.

MANUFACTURING THRIVES

The stability of wind’s chief

tax credit, the PTC, over the

last four years has helped

the wind industry create one

of the US’s fastest growing

manufacturing sectors. In

fact, domestic production of

wind turbine components has

grown twelvefold to more than

400 facilities in 43 states over

the last six years, according

to AWEA. Many European

manufacturers have opened

plants in the US.

As a result, the wind industry

has become less reliant on

foreign imports for turbines.

Imports fell 46% between 2009

and 2010, from $2.3 billion to

$1.2 billion, according to a 2011

report by Andrew David, Offi ce

of Industries, US International

Trade Commission.

There were nearly

400 wind turbine manufacturing

facilities based in the US as of

2010. These include assembly

plants and factories producing

components such as large

bearings, castings, electrical

wiring, fasteners, hydraulics,

and power electronics.

The sector was bolstered

during the fi nancial crisis by

funding provided through the

American Reinvestment and

Recovery Act.

Given wind power’s worldwide

growth, US manufacturers are

positioned to increase exports

of advanced wind energy

components. Canada, Mexico

and South America offer prime

export opportunities. But the

US exported no more than

$150 million of assembled wind

turbines in 2010, according

to a Congressional Research

Service report published in

September 2011. Competition

is emerging from China, which

headquartered four of the

top 10 manufacturers as of

2010. By some estimates,

China can make turbines for

30% less than Europe, the

US or Japan. But China faces

limits on its sales because

its turbines are perceived to

lack quality compared with

US products.

A DAZZLING SOLAR MARKET

Solar appears on track to

become the fastest growing

new energy sector by 2014.

The US solar industry broke all

of its records in the third quarter

of 2011 by installing 449 MW of

photovoltaics (PV), more than

was installed in all of 2009,

according to Greentech Media

(GTM) and the Solar Energy

Industries Association (SEIA).

Large-scale solar

development occurred despite

a lagging economy and limited

sources of fi nancing. Third

quarter, grid-connected PV

installations grew 140% over

the same period in 2010. The

US added over 200 MW of

utility-scale installations alone.

In fact, over 1 GW of solar

was installed in the fi rst three

quarters, more than the US

has seen in any given year.

The total US market reached

3.1 GW of installed capacity,

10 times the market size of 2005.

And this number could grow to

10 GW by 2015, according to

Rhone Resch, president and

CEO of SEIA.

MOST ACTIVE STATES

California remains the biggest

PV market, followed by New

Jersey, New Mexico, Arizona,

Pennsylvania, North Carolina,

Colorado, Massachusetts,

Hawaii, New York and Nevada.

And there is still a lot room to

expand in these markets. ‘We

only have 1% solar penetration

in existing markets, so there

is still a lot of potential to go

deeper into these markets,’ said

Ken Ebbit, director of product

management at SunRun, a solar

leasing company in California.

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While California still

dominates, its piece of the solar

pie has shrunk as the industry

gained traction in other states.

California accounted for roughly

80% of US solar installations

in 2004-2005, but by 2010 its

share of the market dropped to

30%, according to GTM/SEIA.

It edged up by third quarter

2011 to 44% because of utility

installations; however it remains

well below its earlier height

when it was virtually the lone

state pursuing solar energy.

Meanwhile, New Jersey

saw its previous red-hot

market falter as it succumbed

to a larger national decline

in commercial installations

(what SEIA calls the non-

residential market). Nationally,

commercial installations fell

24% in the third quarter of 2011,

according to GTM/SEIA. This

is partly because generous

incentives in New Jersey and

Pennsylvania, two leaders in

commercial installations, led to

the development of more solar

energy than was needed under

state RPS mandates. REC prices

fell dramatically in Pennsylvania

with 2011 spot prices pegged

at $50/MWh in mid-2011, down

from around $300/MWh in

mid-2010, according to NREL.

Similarly, New Jersey’s 2012

RECs sold for about $500/MWh

in May 2011 but only $200/MWh

by September.

It remains unclear how the

commercial market will fare in

2012. But GTM/SEIA predicts

a surge in early 2012 as

projects rush to qualify for an

expiring federal credit. For the

remainder of 2012 prospects

look less optimistic for

commercial installations.

In many of the rising

solar markets, such as

Massachusetts, New York

and Connecticut, electricity

prices are high. Policymakers

view solar as a relatively cost-

competitive alternative to grid

power that can provide clean,

domestic energy, as well as

economic growth. Solar also

is a popular choice in densely

populated Eastern cities, where

little room exists for wind farms

and transmission, but there

is plenty of roof space. Solar

helps high-demand places

like New York City overcome

transmission limitations.

Because solar is largely built

as distributed generation, it

lessens the need for power

from distant plants that must

squeeze through transmission

bottlenecks into the city. Such

bottlenecks raise electricity

prices and decrease reliability.

Solar also fi nds it has an edge

in the Northeast because

the markets are deregulated,

so utilities hold less sway;

independent solar suppliers

can compete.

In other markets, particularly

in the US southeast, electricity

prices are low and utilities

are less open to the idea of

developing solar. One exception

is Florida where Florida

Power & Light has built the East

coast’s only concentrating solar

power plant, a 75 MW facility.

In addition to utility support in

PV installation breakdown by major market,

Q2 2011 vs Q3 2011

Remaining43 states

19%

Next five states29%

California29%

New Jersey23%

Q2 2011 Q3 2011

Remaining43 states

11%

Next five states31%

California44%

New Jersey14%

US Solar Market Insight report from Q3 2011 SEIA

For more information, enter

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Quality Hardware for the PV Industry



Florida, solar companies are

attracted to the state because

retirees make up a large

percentage of its population.

Older people favour solar energy

because it offers a guaranteed

electricity price over the life of

the system, said Ebbit. This

is appealing to senior citizens

because they are often on fi xed

budgets. One in three SunRun

customers is over 60 years old.

DRIVING INCENTIVES

The US solar market has strong

government backing because

of its promise to provide jobs to

the ailing economy. As a result,

the industry continued to enjoy

strong state and federal fi nancial

incentives in 2011.

The major state incentive,

indeed the chief driver for a great

deal of US solar development is

the RPS. Solar fares especially

well in states that have what

is known as a solar carve

as part of the RPS. These

states require that a certain

percentage of energy come from

solar specifi cally.

But there is a downside to

the RPS. Thirty states have the

requirements, but the rules differ

from state to state. International

companies often complain that

it is diffi cult to work with so many

different RPS confi gurations.

But the differentiation also

creates a degree of stability.

If the market dries up in one

state for whatever reason,

such as a changing incentive

structure, another market

opens up somewhere else, said

Marius Kroksjo, REC Solar’s

managing director.

This has not been the case

in European markets, such as

Spain and Italy, where central

governments create incentives.

These markets grew quickly

and then crashed when the

incentive structure changed,

Kroksjo said. European markets

are often dependent on one

national feed-in tariff (FiT). The

German market, which has

been the largest share of the

global solar market for the last

decade, has begun to slow

SOLARCITY



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down because the market has

been largely exploited and the

FiT rate has changed. Because

the European solar market is

slowing, European companies

are moving to the US. They see

it as the biggest market in the

future. ‘We have tremendous

belief in the US market over time

and believe it will grow to be

the single biggest market in the

world over time,’ Kroksjo said.

This is not to say the US does

not have federal incentives.

Indeed, over the last several

years, tax credits have played

a large role in spurring solar

development. The three main

federal incentives for solar are:

the Federal Loan Guarantee

programme (LGP), the 30%

investment tax credit (ITC),

and the US Treasury 1603

cash grant.

Congress fi rst approved

a federal solar ITC in 2008,

which automatically refunds

30% on any solar installation in

the form of a tax credit return.

This programme extends

through 31 December, 2016,

and has brought much-needed

certainty to the industry. One

of the main challenges the

industry faces is fi nancing,

but lending institutions are

more apt to fi nance projects

when the government offers

long-term support. Because the

solar ITC was approved for so

many years, solar companies

can better plan for future growth

because they know that they will

have this tax credit for several

more years.

The loan guarantee

programme, or LGP, emerged

from the Energy Policy Act

of 2005 to support new

technologies. In total, the LGP

has backed $35.8 billion for

40 projects in 38 states and

has helped to create more

than 60,000 jobs nationwide,

according to industry data. Solar

benefi ts from the programme

all along its supply chain, from

research and development to

manufacturing. The LGP has

had some major successes,

including eight utility‐scale

solar power plants in the US

southwest, totaling more than

1700 MW. The LGP programme

has been especially helpful for

concentrated solar power (CSP)

technologies, which are large

and use newer technologies.

But the 2012 budget includes

sharp cuts to the LGP, which

has some people in the industry

questioning where fi nancing for

large, innovative technologies

will come from.

The 1603 treasury grant

expired at the end of 2011. The

programme provided a steady

source of cash, which helped

numerous projects become

economically feasible.

Although other subsidies

remain for now, it is clear that the

industry must slowly transition to

a post-incentive economy, as

the US government seeks ways

to cut back on federal spending.

Industry insiders say it is likely

that by 2016, when the 30% ITC

runs out, the solar industry will

have to rely on its own business

models and fi nancing structures.

Many solar experts predict

that by the time incentives

run out, the price of solar will

be competitive. The Institute

of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers (IEEE) and other

organisations predict that

the price of PV will continue

to decline, enough so that

when the ITC expires, solar

prices will compete with

conventional fuels.

Tax equity also may offer

a renewed source of funding

for solar projects. Tax equity

was a prime source of funding

for projects before the 2008

fi nancial collapse. But when

profi ts dropped after the crash,

so did tax liabilities. As a result,

tax credits had little value and

investors fl ed. Investors report

now seeing an uptick in tax

equity players.

The amount of tax equity

in the solar industry multiplied

fi ve times in 2011 over 2010.

Today, there are 15 tax equity

investors in solar and about

nine new companies looking

to invest, according to Mit C

Buchanan, managing director

of energy investments at

JPMorgan Capital. Google

serves as one example. The

internet giant in 2011 invested

$280 million in SolarCity,

a residential solar leasing

solar company in California.

Unfortunately, those needing

tax equity still outweigh those

offering tax equity. Competition

will be tight for this form of

fi nancing, and the winners

are likely to be those far along

in development.

Another problem is that not

all solar is created equal when

it comes to fi nancing. The

industry seems to be developing

under what Michael Lorusso,

managing director and group

head for US-based CIT Energy,

describes as a bifurcated

‘barbell effect’. On one side of

the barbell is the proliferation of

small rooftop solar installations,

almost ‘real estate plays’, he

says, that are increasingly

aggregated to make them more

appealing to fi nancers. On the

other side of the barbell are

fewer, but massive, utility-scale

projects with well-structured

deals that attract fi nancial

backing. One example is the

392 MW Ivanpah Solar Energy

Generating System, being built

in California’s Mojave Desert

with the help of a $1.6 billion

loan guarantee from the US

Department of Energy. While

small and large deals make

it onto the barbell, mid-sized

solar projects often fi nd it hard

to secure traditional fi nancing.

These $2-3 million installations

on commercial roofs lack the

economies of scale to attract

large banks. As far as the

CONCENTRATING SOLAR PROJECT DEVELOPMENT HIGHLIGHTS

Project State Tech.Capacity

(MW-ac)

Construction Expected

completion

Project status update

Blythe CA CSP/PV 1000 Dec–10 ? Announced switch to PV from trough in

August

Ridgecrest CA CSP/PV 250 ? Announced switch to PV from trough in

October

Palen CA CSP/PV 500 ? Announced switch to PV from trough in

October

Amargosa Farm Road CA CSP/PV 500 ? Announced switch to PV from trough in

October

Ivanpah CA CSP 370 Oct–10 2012–2013 Closed DOE loan guarantee for

$1.6 billion in April 2011

Solana AZ CSP 250 Dec–10 2012 Construction underway as of Q4 2010

Mojave Solar Project CA CSP 250 Dec–10 2013 Loan Guarantee closed September 2011

Rice Solar Energy CA CSP 150 Sep–11 2013 Approved by California CEC December

2010

Crescent Dunes Solar

Energy Project

NV CSP 110 Jun–11 2013 DOE Loan Guarantee for $737 million

closed in September

Genesis CA CSP 250 2013 Loan Guarantee closed September 2011

U. of AZ Tech Park AZ CSP 5 4Q 2011

Alamosa Solar CO CPV 30 May–11 4Q 2011 Under construction

Hatch NM CPV 5 Jun–11 In operation

Questa NM CPV 1 Apr–11 In operation

Nichols Farm CA CPV 1 Apr–11 In operation

University of Arizona

Tech Park

AZ CPV 2 Apr–11 The nation’s largest CPV installation was

completed at the University of Arizona’s

Solar Zone

Imperial Solar Energy

Center West

CA CPV 150 2015 Long term PPA signed with California

utility

US Solar Market Insight report: Q3 2011 GTM/SEIA

CP

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banks are concerned, Lorusso

says, conducting due diligence

on these projects takes too

much time for the size of the

transaction. Therefore this

mid-range solar project often

must rely on all equity deals,

aggregation, or in some cases

small regional banks.

FALLING PRICES/SOLYNDRA

Solar system prices have been

falling dramatically, about

30% since the start of 2010,

according to SEIA. Between

the second and third quarters of

2011 alone, average US prices

for an installed system fell 14.4%

from $5.20/watt to $4.45/watt.

Prices for utility systems fell

for the seventh consecutive

quarter landing at $3.45/watt

by third quarter, according

to GTM/SEIA.

Because of these extreme

market changes, higher cost

manufacturers are fi nding it

hard to compete. One solar

manufacturer’s failure has

become notorious. California

company Solyndra’s bankruptcy

fi ling in 2011 landed a devastating

blow to the credibility of the solar

industry. The bankruptcy fi ling is

under investigation by Congress

because Solyndra received

$527 million over two years

in loan guarantees for its new

type of cylindrical photovoltaic

panels. Over those two years,

the global solar market changed

considerably. The Chinese

government gave generous

loans to domestic silicon

producers, which reduced

the price of conventional

silicon-based PV technology.

The European market also

slowed, creating an oversupply

of panels. These factors – and

perhaps others – conspired to

set Solyndra over the edge.

Unfortunately for the solar

industry, Solyndra is being

used by solar opponents as an

example of why solar subsidies

should be cut. The debate

over the company continues

to play out in Washington and

the results are expected to be

seen in 2012.

MANUFACTURERS

By third quarter, other

manufacturing plants were also

operating less, cutting jobs

and in some cases shutting

down altogether, as they fell

victim to falling solar prices.

Manufacturers, for the most part,

have canceled expansion plans

for 2012. GTM/SEIA sums up

the problem this way: ‘In short,

the manufacturing industry has

entered a consolidation phase,

as a persistent imbalance

between supply and demand

has induced voracious

competition between producers

and a phasing out of less

competitive fi rms and facilities.’

Meanwhile, China-based

suppliers continue to make

inroads into the US. For

example, among systems

installed under the California

Solar Initiative programme,

domestic market share fell from

37% at the start of the year to 29%

by third quarter. The Chinese

suppliers saw their market share

rise from 29% to 39% over the

same period.

TECHNOLOGY

The US solar industry is pushing

hard to make solar more

effi cient and therefore less

costly. Researchers are looking

at dye-sensitised solar cells or

batteries that use high energy

fl uids to store solar power.

Others are exploring the use of

nanostructures to help panels

potentially absorb more energy,

or methods to reuse waste heat

thrown off from solar panels.

Several say they’ve devised less

cumbersome ways to install

solar panels, such as direct

rooftop mounting. And the

truly ambitious look to develop

satellite solar – solar panels on

orbiting satellites, which beam

down energy via microwave. All

of these innovations have one



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overarching intent: make solar

so effi cient, cheap and available

that it becomes a major portion

of our energy supply mix.

CONCENTRATING SOLAR

Concentrating solar describes

two large-scale forms of

generation: concentrating solar

power (CSP) and concentrating

photovoltaics (CPV). GTM/SEIA

projected that 57 MW of CSP

and CPV projects will come

online in the US in 2011, down

from 78 MW in 2010. The US

has about 6000 MW of CPS

and CPV in the pipeline; about

4000 MW hold PPAs.

Not long ago CSP, a form of

solar thermal, promised to be

a star of the US solar industry.

But it, too, has become another

victim of falling PV prices. Despite

projections that the global CSP

market will grow from $3 billion

in 2011 to over $10 billion by

2013, solar investors are starting

to heavily favour PV installations,

according to a report by GTM,

Concentrating Solar Power 2011:

Technology, Costs and Markets.

At one point, CSP plants had

a good price point compared to

other types of utility-scale solar

energy. They were offering large

thermal projects that lowered

overall costs per kWh. But solar

PV has intruded on CSP’s market.

Of particular note, developers

of the 1000 MW Blythe project

in California changed plans and

decided to use PV rather than

solar thermal technology for

economic reasons.

It is particularly diffi cult for

CSP developers to secure

fi nancing; investors often see

the large projects as expensive

and risky. In a time when capital

is hard to come by, smaller and

more proven PV installations

are more popular. Federal

incentives, however, appear to

be helping. All CSP plants that

are under construction in the US

received loans from the federal

government through the LGP.

These projects alone account

for expected development

of 472 MW in 2011 and

1200 MW in 2012, says GTM.

But after these projects get built,

CSP’s future looks uncertain

as the technology fi nds

itself in competition with PV’s

lower prices.

In addition, CSP projects

can only work in places with

high solar intensity and large

swaths of undeveloped land,

typically remote with little

transmission infrastructure. As

with wind, for CSP to thrive,

the US must develop more

transmission between these

remote areas and population

centres, which is a lengthy and

expensive undertaking.

In spite of its disadvantages,

CSP technology offers benefi ts

that PV technology cannot

provide. CSP projects give

utilities storage and dispatchable

baseload generation, which

may be worth the extra up-

front cost in the future when

storage and grid stability

become bigger issues than

they are today. In contrast, PV

is intermittent, which raises grid

reliability concerns.

CSP also works very well

for several niche applications.

For example, it can act as a

booster plant to existing natural

gas generation facilities, a

phenomenon that is leading

to development of plants

that are hybrid CSP/natural

gas-fi red generators. CSP can

also be well-suited for industrial

applications that use steam.

And fi nally, CSP is a

resource with great potential

in the US because of the vast

southwestern deserts, which

offer an ideal climate for the

technology. For this reason,

many analysts believe the US

will eventually develop more

CSP than Spain, the current

market leader.

CSP: PARABOLIC TROUGHSBy far the most proven

and commonly used CSP

technology, parabolic troughs,

consist of rows of curved

mirrors to focus the sun’s rays,

and stainless steel tubes that

act as heat collectors. The

tubes are coated to absorb

solar radiation and reach

temperatures around 700°F

(370°C). In the heat exchanger,

water is superheated into

steam, which runs the turbine.

The water is condensed and

reused in the heat exchangers.

Newer parabolic trough

plants include signifi cant

storage capacity.

In the US, parabolic trough

technology accounts for most

of the new projects in the

development queue because it

is better understood than other

types of CSP technology. One

of the largest solar projects in

the world is a parabolic trough

plant under development in

Gila Bend, Arizona. Solana, a

Spanish company, is developing

the 280 MW plant, known as

the Solana Generating Station.

Set to be completed in 2013, it

will include six hours of energy

storage, allowing the plant to

operate during peak load hours.

CSP: POWER TOWERSSolar tower central receiver

systems use thousands of

mirrors to track the sun in two

dimensions and refl ect the light

to a boiler atop a central tower.

When the concentrated sunlight

strikes the boiler’s pipes, it

heats the water inside to about

1000°F (538°C).

Some towers use direct

saturated steam generation and

molten salts as the heat transfer

fl uid and heat storage medium,

while others use molten salts

for both heat transfer and

heat storage.

After parabolic trough, solar

towers represent the largest

number of new CSP projects

underway in the US. One of

the world’s largest, a 110 MW

project, is currently under

construction in Nye County,

Nevada by SolarReserve.

Known as the Crescent Dunes

Solar Energy Project, it is due

to be completed in 2014 with a

10-hour heat storage capability.

CSP: DISH/ENGINE SYSTEMSIn dish systems, concave central

receiver dishes refl ect sunlight

onto a focal point receiver, while

also tracking the sun throughout

the day. Most dishes have a

small generator at the focal point.

They do not require heat transfer

fl uid or cooling water, and boast

the best solar-electric conversion

rate among CSP systems. The

dishes reach up to 1200°F (about

650°C). They are relatively small

in size, which means that many

dishes must be combined for any

large-scale energy production.

Perhaps the best known

of this type, Stirling Energy

Systems, a pioneer in CSP

dish technology, manufactured

the SunCatcher solar dish,

with an estimated daily

energy generated per unit of

629 KWh/m2 (parabolic troughs

only produce 260 KWh/m2 and

power towers 327 KWh/m2). The

technology also lays claim to

signifi cantly lower water usage

than other CSP technologies.

Stirling Energy Systems was

slated to provide CSP dishes for

the 750 MW Imperial Valley Solar

Project (previously called Solar

Two). Because of economic

problems, the company was

forced to convert the project to

PV and declared bankruptcy in

September 2011. For now, the

dish design is on hold.

CSP: FRESNEL COLLECTORSFresnel collector systems, which

still represent a relatively small

portion of the market, consist of

long, parallel rows of fl at mirrors

(in contrast to the curved mirrors

used by parabolic troughs) that

track sunlight throughout the

day, and refl ect to a central

receiver in a fi xed focal line above

the mirrors. Fresnel collectors

use water instead of oil or molten

In the US, parabolic

trough technology

accounts for most of

the new projects in the

development queue

because it is better

understood than other

types of CSP

technology.


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salts to transfer heat, so steam

can be generated directly inside

the receivers. Fresnel collectors

are considered less effi cient

than other CSP technologies,

but have lower initial costs

due to the fl at mirrors and

simplifi ed designs.

Areva, which acquired

Ausra in 2010, is the biggest

developer of linear Fresnel CSP

technology. Like other CSP

technologies, it works well as

a booster to an existing natural

gas-fi red plant. Partnering

with existing facilities has been

the key to Areva’s growth this

year; the company’s fi rst US

project is currently delivering

5 MW in Bakersfi eld, California.

CONCENTRATING PV (CPV)Although the technology

has been available since the

1970s, CPV is only now being

developed on a large scale, as

PV prices decline. CPV performs

best in sunny places because it

works by concentrating sunlight

onto a relatively small solar cell.

The magnifi cation factor can

reach up to several hundred

times, allowing a relatively

small PV cell to generate a lot

of electricity. The technological

breakthrough for the industry

came several years ago when

the semiconductor industry

developed the triple junction

solar cell. By absorbing more

light wavelengths, multi-junction

cells improve the theoretical

effi ciency limit to 47%, from 34%

in crystalline silicon PV panels.

For the fi rst time in 2011,

large multi-megawatt CPV

projects began winning

signifi cant fi nancing. About

170 projects are under

development worldwide,

most of which are in the US,

with 331 MW of power under

construction, says GTM’s report,

Concentrating Photovoltaics

2011: Technology, Costs and

Markets. Total global CPV

installations are expected to

surpass 1000 MW per year by

2015, says GTM.

NextEra Energy Resources in

2011 started delivering power to

El Paso Electric in New Mexico

from its 5 MW CPV facility using

84 Amonix 60 kW CPV units. This

is now the largest CPV facility in

North America.

But much larger projects are

planned for 2012. Cogentrix is

now developing a 30 MW CPV

project with Amonix modules

in Southern Colorado called

the Alamosa Solar Generating

Project. When completed this

year, it will be the largest CPV

project in the world, but likely not

for long. Soitec in France has

plans to install a 150 MW CPV

power project for San Diego Gas

& Electric (SDG&E) in California

by 2015. Soitec’s project will

be accompanied by a 200 MW

capacity factory in the San Diego

area designed to manufacture

CPV systems.

One of the main reasons

that CPV is starting to get

built is that it has a steep cost

reduction roadmap, says Nancy

Hartsoch, vice president of

communications at SolFocus

in California. In locations

where the technology works

well – in sunny, utility-scale

applications – CPV is already

becoming cost-competitive with

PV. CPV will be cheaper than

PV in these markets sometime

between 2015 and 2020,

assuming the CPV industry will

achieve a 30% reduction in total

installed cost, says GTM. Cost

reductions of 30% are likely

because one of the biggest

benefi ts of CPV technology over

conventional crystalline silicon

PV panels is a greater potential

for effi ciency improvements,

says Hartsoch. ‘Technology and

balance of systems innovations

are key to the long-term growth

of the industry,’ she says.

Growth looks inevitable. There

are currently over 5500 MW of

CPV projects with signed power

purchase agreements and nearly

$4 billion in federal fi nancing

secured in the US.

SOLAR JOBS

Policymakers are pushing solar

energy because they see it

as a way to create new jobs,

particularly in manufacturing. A

study by Garten Rothkoff says

that 70% of jobs created from

cleantech projects or facilities

are created at the job site. The

US solar industry has created

6735 new jobs across the

country since August 2010, a

6.8% growth rate, according

to SEIA. That brings the total

number of Americans working

in the solar industry to 100,237,

more than double the 2009

solar job statistics. Given that

the overall economy grew

at 0.7% last year and many

industries have cut jobs, says

Andrea Lookie, executive

director of the Solar Foundation,

the solar industry has created

over 10 times more jobs than

the national average. With

the bankruptcy of Solyndra’s

federally-funded manufacturing

facility and the media backlash

against the solar industry that

followed, President Obama and

other solar energy advocates in

the US government have to work

hard to convince people that the

solar industry is, in fact, strong.

The job fi gures help bolster

the argument.

BIOMASS IS NEARLY HALF

Biomass, any plant or animal

matter that can be burned or

processed to create energy,

accounts for 50% of renewable

energy used in the US,

according to the Biomass Power

Association (BPA). Biomass is

used alone as a fuel for power

plants and in co-fi ring coal

plants. The $1 billion biomass

industry encompasses about

80 facilities in 20 states.

The Energy Information

Administration (EIA) in

2011 forecast that biomass

generating capacity could grow

from 7 GW in 2009 to 20.2 GW

in 2035. Factors driving growth

include state RPS programmes,

the availability of low-cost

feedstocks and the federal

renewable fuels standard,

which results in signifi cant

biomass cogeneration at plants

producing biofuels.

As a generation fuel,

biomass offers many benefi ts,

particularly in rural parts of



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the US where feedstock is

plentiful and power plants

serve as a local jobs producer.

In addition, because biomass

projects can use wood waste

and other organic materials

for fuel, they help prevent

overloading of landfi lls. Biomass

also provides dependable

baseload power, and boosts the

agriculture industry.

The cost of producing

electricity from biomass has

generally declined over the past

decade, though it depends on

the type of biofuel used, how it

is converted to electricity and

the size of the plant. Like many

other forms of electricity, the

resource has trouble competing

against today’s low natural gas

prices. The biomass sector also

struggles because of uncertain

federal environmental rules,

not-in-my backyard opposition

and a lack of fi nancing and

long-term PPAs with utilities.

California is one of the nation’s

largest biomass electricity

producers and the state expects

biomass to contribute about

2000–5000 MW towards its

goal of producing 20,000 MW

from renewables by 2020. In

2011, Constellation Energy and

North American Power Group

announced plans to experiment

with sorghum biomass in a

Bakersfi eld coal and oil plant

and a wood-fi red plant in Fresno.

Despite a diffi cult market,

new projects continue to

be developed, particularly

in Florida, New Hampshire,

Michigan, Texas and Virginia.

Burgess BioPower expects

to begin operating its 75 MW

project in New Hampshire

before the end of 2013. The

project has a 20-year power

purchase agreement with Public

Service of New Hampshire,

a subsidiary of Northeast

Utilities. In Virginia, Northern

Virginia Electric Cooperative

and Michigan-based Novi

Energy won approval in 2011

to construct a $175 million,

50 MW project in South Boston.

In Florida, a 100 MW project was

under construction in Gainesville

in 2011. The developer,

American Renewables, secured

$500 million in fi nancing from

Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi and

a power purchase agreement

with Gainesville Regional

Utilities. Also in Florida, Rentech

secured an agreement to sell

power from its 55 MW woody

biomass plant to Progress

Energy Florida.

However, today’s diffi cult

market also has led to plant

shutdowns and industry losses.

For example, Liberty Green

Renewables canceled two

30 MW wood-waste plants in

the autumn, after local citizens

campaigned against them.

EASE IN CO-FIRINGCo-fi ring biomass with coal is

one of the simplest ways to use

biomass. No special technology

is necessary, nor is much

modifi cation made to existing

coal plants. Biomass is simply

burned in the plant’s furnace.

Such plants are more

prevalent in Europe than in the

US. Europe has roughly 100

coal-fi ring and biomass units,

many operating commercially,

according to the European

Biomass Industry Association

(EUBIA). The IEA reports that the

US has about 40 coal-fi ring and

biomass plants; Australia has 10.

Combinations of biomass

and coal, however, sometimes

come under criticism from

environmental groups. They

acknowledge that the hybrids

emit less CO2 than a plant solely

fueled by coal, but argue that by

using biofuels, plant operators

may be extending the life of a

coal plant that would otherwise

be retired because of its

high emissions.

Moreover, use of biomass

from wood is under increased

scrutiny in the US. The state

of Massachusetts is limiting

use of wood-fueled plants to

meet the state’s renewable

portfolio standard. The

state’s Department of Energy

Resources contends that

biomass may not be carbon

neutral, depending on how

trees are harvested, and could

increase greenhouse gases

more than coal-fi red generation

over the long term.

BIOMASS IN CHPBiomass is increasingly used

in combined heat and power

plants, creating a highly effi cient

form of energy, since one fuel

produces two types of energy

– heat and power. In fact, the

EIA expects CHP to account for

the largest increase in biomass

use for electricity over the next

two decades. In many cases,

CHP plants are seen not only as

a source of power, but also as

a means to help governments

reach energy effi ciency targets.

Reducing consumption has

become an overarching energy

goal in several states and cities.

New York, for example, is

trying to reduce energy usage

15% by 2015. In some states,

such as Connecticut, combined

heat and power plants can

create energy effi ciency

certifi cates. Much like renewable

energy certifi cates, this form of

currency designates how much

effi ciency a facility brings to the

electric grid. The certifi cates

are used as a way to count

the state’s progress toward

reaching effi ciency goals.

METHANE GAS AS FUEL

Methane gas, a greenhouse

gas 21 times more potent than

carbon dioxide, is increasingly

used as power plant source.

Animal agriculture is a

major source of methane

emissions; for livestock, a large

percentage of US methane

emissions comes from manure

left to slowly decompose in

large lagoons. Using methane

to produce power reduces

greenhouse gas emissions

while generating energy that

can offset fossil fuels. The gas

is attractive to utilities because

Annual US Geothermal Power Production and Development report, 2011 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ASSOCIATION


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it is renewable and cost-

competitive. It can provide a

reliable source of baseload

power, and it works in the

existing gas infrastructure.

And the energy can help

utilities comply with renewable

portfolio standards.

Central Vermont Public

Service (CVPS) has what it

describes as a successful

‘cow power’ programme,

which enrolls local dairy farms

to install anaerobic digesters

and generators that produce

electricity from manure. The

electricity is fed into CVPS’s grid.

One cow’s waste can produce

enough power for two 100-watt

light bulbs operating 24 hours

per day, according to the utility.

GEOTHERMAL EXPANDS

The US has 3102 MW of

geothermal capacity in operation,

more than any other nation, and is

expected to be a primary source

of industry growth worldwide,

according to the Geothermal

Energy Association (GEA). The

nation had under 40 MW of

geothermal just seven years ago.

As of April 2011, nine states were

using geothermal power: Alaska,

California, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada,

New Mexico, Oregon, Utah

and Wyoming. The GEA says

the number of projects under

development in 2011 grew 12%

over 2010.

Confi rmed and unconfi rmed

projects (those in the public

record but not confi rmed by

GEA) total between 5102 MW

and 5745 MW. Projects were

under development in 15 states:

Nevada, California, Utah, Idaho,

Oregon, Alaska, Louisiana,

Hawaii, New Mexico, Arizona,

Colorado, Mississippi, Texas,

Washington, and Wyoming.

Projects totaling about

756–772 MW were in advanced

development in 2011 and

are expected to come on

line in a few years. California

had the most projects in

advanced development, about

355.8 MW, followed by Nevada

with 357.1 MW. Developers are

increasingly turning to areas

where little or no previous

development has taken place.

WIND

Windmill technology dates back

to 5000 BC and was used initially

to propel boats on the Nile and

later to pump water, grind grain or

undertake other food production.

Today, we use windmills to

convert mechanical energy into

electrical energy. A windmill’s

blades act as a kind of reverse

fan; instead of using electricity to

move air, they use moving air to

make electricity. The wind pushes

the blades, which spin a shaft

that links to a generator. Utility-

scale wind farms then dispatch

the electricity into distribution and

transmission wires.

Over the past 30 years,

manufacturers have refi ned

turbine design so that units can

capture the wind more effi ciently.

Turbines range in size from

about 100 kilowatts to several

megawatts. Technologies to

identify wind potential, as well

as to capture and make use of

it, are growing in sophistication,

allowing developers to fi nd the

windiest spots and get the most

out of turbines.

SOLAR

The term photovoltaics was fi rst

used around 1890 with ‘photo’

coming from the Greek word for

light, and ‘volt’ after electricity

pioneer Alessandro Volta.

Edmond Becquerel is credited

with discovering light’s ability to

produce electricity in 1839. A

PV cell absorbs light, which is

transferred to electrons in the

atoms of the cell. The electrons

escape from their normal

positions in the semiconductor

PV material and become part

of the current in an electrical

circuit. Solar cells, made of

semiconductor materials, can be

smaller than a postage stamp.

They are connected together

to form PV modules that are

connected to form PV arrays.

Concentrated solar power

projects typically work by

using mirrors, lenses and

tracking systems to focus

sunlight. The beam heats a

liquid that produces steam to

move a turbine.

BIOMASS

Biomass power projects can

use a range of plant or animal

matter in direct combustion or

gasifi cation. Solid biomass may

be the by-products of industrial

processes, such as timber and

wood waste, or grown and

harvested specifi cally for the

purpose, such as miscanthus,

willow or sugar cane. Biomass

gases may be produced during

the decomposition of vegetable

or animal-based wastes (such

as farm slurry). This can be

done on a farm or municipal

level as anaerobic digestion, in

which wastes are heated in a

controlled, enclosed environment

to generate as much gas as

possible, as rapidly as possible.

This gas can be used for power

generation – ideally combined

heat and power (CHP) – or

to run vehicles. In developing

countries it is often produced

and used on a small scale,

for cooking.

When biowaste fi nds its way

into landfi lls, methane gas is

produced in an uncontrolled

manner. Environmentally

damaging if it escapes, it can

be captured and used for power

production, generally on site,

and optimally in CHP mode. Also

of note is that combustion of

mixed (non-bio) wastes – waste-

to-energy – often qualifi es as

‘renewable’ energy in the US.

Biomass technologies also

offer a way to recycle industrial

by-products, particularly from

forest and agriculture, into

power and heat. Corn stovers,

rice husks and wood waste are

among the by-products that can

be converted into burnable gas.

Sawmills, pulp and paper mills,

sugar cane farms, and poultry

farms provide so much biomass

that it makes good economic

and environmental sense to use

it to generate energy.

Waste-to-energy plants, which

incinerate mixed waste while

capturing its valuable energy

content, help communities

manage the problem of increased

municipal waste generated by an

expanding population.

GEOTHERMAL

Geothermal energy uses heat

fl owing from the Earth’s interior

as a fuel source. The heat is

estimated to be the equivalent

of 42 TW, creating a potentially

huge energy source where

it can be tapped. The GEA

lists six types of geothermal,

as follows:

Conventional Hydrothermal

(Un-produced Resource):

Where levels of geothermal

reservoir temperature and

reservoir fl ow capacity are

naturally suffi cient to produce

electricity and where power

plant development of the

geothermal reservoir has not

previously occurred.


(Produced Resource): Where

levels of geothermal reservoir

temperature and reservoir fl ow

capacity are naturally suffi cient

to produce electricity and where

development of the geothermal

reservoir has previously oc-

curred to the extent that it cur-

rently supports or has supported

the operation of geothermal

power plants.


Expansion: The expansion of an

existing geothermal power plant

and its associated drilled area so

as to increase the level of power

that the power plant produces.

Geothermal Energy and Hy-

drocarbon Co-production:

The utilisation of produced fl uids

resulting from oil and/or gas-fi eld

development for the production

of geothermal power.

Geopressured Systems: The

utilisation of kinetic energy, hy-

drothermal energy, and energy

produced from the associated

gas resulting from geopressured

gas development to produce

geothermal electricity.

Enhanced Geothermal Sys-

tems: The development of a

geothermal system where the

natural fl ow capacity of the sys-

tem is not suffi cient to support

adequate power production but

where hydraulic fracturing of the

system can allow production at a

commercial level.

OVERVIEW OF THE TECHNOLOGIES


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Panasonic Infi neon Raceway

REW Guide to U.S. Renewable Energy Companies 201224

SMALL-SCALE RENEWABLES

Homeowners and small business owners increasingly

see value in taking charge of their energy by installing

solar panels, small wind turbines and other forms of

on-site clean energy. Energy pundits say this is the

start of a future where energy will be democratised.

The average person will control the production, distribution and

consumption of energy, as now only large corporations and

institutions do. Others describe this phenomenon as a kind of

World Wide Web of energy, which will revolutionise energy as

the internet did information. Whatever we call it, this trend is

accelerating at a startling rate, buoying the industry for small-

scale renewable energy.

SMALL SOLAR IS BIG

Consumers are particularly interested in solar. In fact, 89% of

Americans think it is important for the US to develop and use

solar power, according to an SEIA study. In the same study, 82%

of Americans support federal tax credits and grants for the solar

industry similar to those for oil, natural gas and coal.

This interest in solar, combined with lower prices, a federal tax credit,

a host of state incentives, and innovative fi nancing programmes led

to growth in small-scale solar again in 2011. Residential installations

picked up at year’s end to represent 30% of total installations.

Commercial installations on stores, schools, and other large buildings

were at their highest rate in the fi rst half of 2011, but moderated

SMALL-SCALE RENEWABLES:

ENERGY OF THE PEOPLElater in the year as markets like New Jersey corrected after seeing

red-hot growth.

California accounts for much of the residential expansion

because of favourable government incentives, aggressive

clean energy targets, and utility leadership. In 2007, California

launched the California Solar Initiative (CSI), the fi rst state rebate

for US solar homeowners. The programme has already installed

278 MW of residential solar and 393 MW of non-residential rooftop

PV. The success of the CSI programme is expected to continue

and bring installation of several hundred more megawatts of solar.

California expects to spend $2.167 billion on CSI over 10 years to install

1940 MW by the end of 2016.

New Jersey also saw tremendous success in 2011, particularly

in its commercial installations. The commercial solar market alone

jumped 170% from Q1 to Q2 and was expected to reach about 500

MW by the end of 2011. Meanwhile, new markets are emerging in

Massachusetts, Colorado, Ohio, Tennessee, and Hawaii.

FAMILIAR NAMES GO SOLAR

The US’s thriving solar PV market is increasingly attracting big players,

both as consumers and producers of solar energy. Target, ToysRus,

Walgreens, Whole Foods, and Safeway are among the well-known

stores that now use solar. Apple plans to build a new facility in Cupertino,

California, which may be the largest commercial solar facility in the US

when completed in 2015. Known as the Apple Spaceship, the circular


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facility will encompass 175 acres

(71 ha) and include about 5 MW

of solar PV.

Meanwhile, the industry saw

an infl ow of investment from

Warren Buffett’s MidAmerica

Energy, Total Energy, Google

and similar big companies. At

the same time, giants from other

industries that see an opportunity

in solar have been moving into the

installation business. Panasonic,

the world’s largest electronics

manufacturer, which acquired

Sanyo, a solar panel and

battery storage manufacturer,

is one example. In 2011 the

company installed 1652 solar

panels at northern California’s

Infi neon Raceway.

FINANCING AND INCENTIVES

Innovative fi nancing has played

a large role in spurring home and

business owners to install solar

panels, especially mechanisms

that remove upfront costs,

such as lease arrangements

or the ‘solar power purchase

agreement’ (SPPA).

Under an SPPA, a third

party owns and operates the

solar system installed at the

customer’s site. The customer

pays none of the installation or

equipment charges, but buys

the electricity generated by the

system. So from the customer’s

perspective, the SPPA is similar

to a conventional arrangement

with a utility, which charges a

monthly rate for electricity from

power plants. The SPPA holds

a key advantage, however. The

customer typically contracts

for 15 or 20 years and receives

a pre-set price, so is spared

the unexpected price volatility

characteristic of utility rates.

Lenders, often investment

banks, provide equity fi nancing

for the SPPA projects, and in

return receive a tax benefi t.

In addition to new fi nancing

options, states are increasingly

adopting favourable net

metering and interconnection

rules for solar installations. Net

metering allows homeowners

and businesses to sell excess

solar energy back to the

utility. Buy-back rates and size

restrictions vary by state and

can play a signifi cant role in

attracting solar installations.

SEIA has warned that some

utilities are cutting corners

when it comes to net metering.

Utilities are installing new meters

around the country – and many

have received funding from

the federal government to do

so – but some of this new

equipment does not allow for

net metering. In some cases,

customers must specifi cally ask

for net metering-capable meters.

Many homeowners do not know

to ask. So the success of net

metering depends somewhat

on consumer understanding of

home energy use.

Policymakers have become

increasingly aware of the

importance of favourable net

metering and interconnection

rules. As a result, several states

have worked to improve their

regulations. Freeing the Grid,

an annual publication by several

renewable energy organisations,

rates the progress of states when

it comes to net metering and

interconnection. As of December

2011, 44 states and the District

of Columbia have statewide net

metering programmes — of

varying quality, says the report.

States without net metering laws

are: Alabama, Idaho, Mississippi,

In addition to new

fi nancing options,

states are increasingly

adopting favourable

net metering and

interconnection rules

for solar installations.



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GE’s planned Aurora, Colorado solar

manufacturing facility GE

Solar GardenUNIVERSITY PARK SOLAR



South Dakota, Tennessee, and

Texas. Those without statewide

interconnection standards are:

Alabama, Alaska, Arizona,

Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho,

Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi,

Missouri, Nebraska, North

Dakota, Oklahoma, Tennessee,

and Wyoming.

GARDENS GROW

An innovation known as the solar

garden, or virtual net metering,

expands this concept to those

who cannot physically install

solar panels, perhaps because

they rent their home or their roof

is too shady. Available in about

a dozen states, solar gardens

let utility customers who take

part in net metering share those

credits with others. Typically

solar gardens work by allowing

people to pool their resources

to install solar, much the way

they might plant a community

vegetable garden. While garden

members may not be physically

connected to the panels, they

benefi t by receiving credits that

lower their electricity bills.

Solar garden programmes

vary depending on state rules.

Massachusetts, which is trying

to increase its solar installations

from the current 67 MW to

250 MW, allows solar gardens

only between customers who

are served by the same utility. In

Colorado solar garden members

must be within the same county.

Other states limit the kinds of

customers who can participate.

Connecticut, for example,

only lets government entities

take advantage of virtual net

metering. The idea originated

in California and developed

out of rules for low-income

multi-family housing.

CHINA-US DISPUTE

PV module prices have

plummeted, thanks to a

global oversupply. Established

European markets, like

Germany and Italy, changed

their incentive structure,

slowing installation rates. Also,

manufacturing has boomed

across the world, particularly in

Asia. Lower PV prices reduce

installed costs, so benefi t

installers and consumers, but

they squeeze profi t margins for

manufacturers in the US.

The installed price for

residential solar systems

averages about $6.20/W

nationally, according to

SEIA. But in some markets,

residential systems cost as little

as $5/W. Small commercial

installations are even cheaper at

about $4.94/W.

In response to China’s

manufacturing boom,

SolarWorld, a German

manufacturing company with

facilities in Europe and the

US, fi led a complaint with the

US Department of Commerce

and the International Trade

Commission. SolarWorld

says that China creates an

unfair market advantage for

its manufacturers, violating

global trade treaties. Joining

SolarWorld is the newly

formed Coalition for American

Solar Manufacturing, which

represents 150 employers of

more than 11,000 workers. On

2 December, 2011 the ITC ruled

that it would further investigate

whether the US government

should apply remedies, such

as tariffs on Chinese solar

imports. Some US-based

manufacturers, like Hemlock

Semiconductor, disagree

with SolarWorld’s petition

and say the complaint could

damage the global industry at

a critical time in its growth. The

China-SolarWorld trade dispute

will continue into 2012 and could

distress the global solar supply

chain, which is increasingly

centred on China.

LARGEST US FACTORY

Despite the threat from China,

the US remains central to the

global solar supply chain. An

August 2011 GTM/SEIA report

found the US to be a net

exporter in 2010 with a positive

trade fl ow of $1.9 billion globally.

PV components accounted for

more than 99% of the exports.

In all, manufacturing exports

reached $5.6 billion.

PV polysilicon feedstock

accounted for most of the

exports at $2.5 billion, followed

by capital equipment at $1.4

billion. China and Germany

were the largest buyers of US

components. Meanwhile, the

US bought more solar goods

from China and Mexico than

anywhere else.

Plans continued for new US

factories in 2011. For example,

GE is set to open the nation’s

largest solar factory in 2012.

The Aurora, Colorado facility is

expected to produce enough

thin fi lm panels per year to

power 80,000 homes.

SOLAR HOT WATER

Solar water heating systems

rarely receive the attention of PV

in the US, but that’s expected to

change over the next few years.

About 1.5 million US households

use solar water heating,

according to SEIA. The systems

are supported by several types

of incentives, among them state

tax credits, state and utility

rebate programmes and, in

some cases, mandatory use of

solar hot water systems in new

home construction.

In 2011, the residential

market did not expand, despite

generous incentives like the CSI

Thermal initiative in California.

Commercial institutions that

use a lot of hot water – hotels,

food processing facilities,

and universities – have been

installing the systems, but the

residential market lags behind,

even in receptive states like

California and Hawaii. The

solar thermal market faces

an additional challenge as

the federal government looks

to phase out the Energy Star

label on new hot water heaters

because of the systems’

relatively slow payback.

Third-party ownership of

systems represents a growing

trend in the solar hot water

industry. Some states also allow


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use of the systems to meet RPS

goals, among them Maryland,

North Carolina, New York,

Nevada and Arizona, according

to GTM. Some states promote

solar thermal though specifi c

carve-outs within their RPS.

Solar hot water also benefi ts

from state policymakers

sometimes defi ning it as an

energy effi ciency measure

because it greatly reduces the

electricity demand in a home.

As a result, it sometimes can

be used to meet state energy

effi ciency portfolio standards.

In the US, about half of the

electricity demand for houses

comes from heating and cooling

applications, according to the

US Department of Energy.

Market potential is enormous

for solar hot water, given that the

US has 80 million homes.

VERY SMALL SOLAR

Solar also is increasingly being

built into clothes, carry bags

and gadget-scale electronics.

For example, Florida-based

SOL manufactures outdoor

LED lights powered by solar.

Designer Andrew Schneider

offers bathing suits retrofi tted

with 40 1”×4” (2.5x10 cm)

PowerFilm Solar photovoltaic fi lm

strips and a USB port. New York

City-based Voltaic Systems

offers a solar charger that

doubles as a backpack. While

these products may seem like

playful and trendy items, in truth

many are increasingly looked

upon as a way to bring electricity

– at least small amounts – to

parts of Africa that have yet to

be connected to the electric

grid. US manufacturers of

gadget solar see the developing

world as a large potential

market, particularly since cell

phone use is so high in Africa,

but often people must travel

long distances to plug in and

recharge them.

SOLAR COMPANY SUCCESSES

Here is a small sampling of the

many successes reported by

solar companies.

SolarCity, a leader in

solar PPAs, has announced

an ambitious programme

called SolarStrong in which

the company plans to install

$1 billion in solar power projects

for privatised US military

housing communities across the

country. SolarCity is partnering

with Bank of America Merrill

Lynch to fund the programme.

The company has also received

$280 million from Google, and is

helping Wal-Mart install solar on

its stores across the country.

SunPower, a global PV leader,

has partnered with Ford Motor

Company for its ‘Drive Green for

Life’ programme. Ford drivers

will have the option of installing

a 2.5 kW SunPower rooftop

solar system to offset the power

used charging the car. The

systems are expected to allow

1000 miles (1609 km) of driving

per year using only solar energy.

Solar3D, a solar manufacturer

in California, is developing an

innovative ‘microcell’ that uses

an optical element to direct

sunlight into a walled structure,

capturing the photons that

typically refl ect off conventional

PV panels. The cell is expected

to achieve 25% effi ciency. With

a prototype under development,

the company plans to

expand in 2012.

Polyera and imec say they

have a world-record organic PV

solar cell with 8.3% effi ciency.

Although still much less effi cient

than other solar technologies,

organic solar cells have the

potential to be manufactured

on large areas and on fl exible

substrates like plastic or textiles.

This could drastically reduce

installation and transportation

costs, and opens up the market

to a variety of other outlets, such

as solar cells being integrated

into clothing.

SMALL WIND

Small wind turbines (that

generate 100 kW or less) for

homes, farms, and in some

cases commercial buildings

represent another growth

market in the renewable

energy industry.

The US saw more than

25 MW of small wind turbines

installed in 2010, representing a

26% capacity growth from 2009,


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http://www.qmags.com/clickthrough.asp?url=www.spirecorp.com&id=16781&adid=PUS_27A2





Geothermal heat pump shipments, 2004-2009

420,000

380,000

340,000

300,000

260,000

220,000

180,000

140,000

100,000

Rate

d c

ap

acity in t

ons

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Annual geothermal heat pump manufacturers survey U.S. ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION

In 2010, the market for small wind systems grew 26%,with 25.6 megawatts (MW)

of annual sales representing 7,811 turbines and $139 million (in 2010$).

Sales revenue grew sharply by 53%, while the 7,811 units sold represented

a 20% decline from 2009.

New and cumulative units (U.S.)

Additional units

Cumulative units12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0

160,000

140,000

120,000

100,000

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

0

Ad

ditio

nal units

Cum

ula

tive u

nits

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010



and bringing total capacity to

179 MW, according to the 2010

US Small Wind Turbine Market

Report published by AWEA in

October 2011. The market’s

annual revenue was 12 times

higher than fi ve years ago. The

urban turbine, or rooftop unit,

experienced particularly strong

sales in 2010, over 1700 kW, a

430% growth rate.

The market continued to move

towards grid-tied rather than

off-grid turbines. In fact, nine

out of 10 leading wind turbine

models sold in the US were grid-

tied. Seven US manufacturers

reported annual sales over

1 MW. The average installed

cost was $5430/kW.

The small wind turbine

manufacturing industry

continues to be largely domestic,

with 83% of US turbines serving

local markets and 27% foreign

markets. Northern Power,

Southwest Wind Power and

Bergey Windpower achieved the

most sales in terms of capacity

for 2010.

The industry benefi ted from

a federal 30% investment tax

credit, as well as incentives

offered through the US

Department of Agriculture’s

Rural Energy for America

Program and the US Treasury’s

1603 Program. State incentives

also play a big role, particularly

in California, New Jersey,

New York and Ohio. More

than 30 states offer small

wind incentives.

The future forecast is

less certain with some key

incentives in jeopardy and siting

rules becoming increasingly

stringent. The AWEA report

said that untested, poor quality

imports sometimes harm the

technology’s credibility.

GEOEXCHANGE

Geothermal heat pumps – also

called GeoExchange, earth

coupled, ground source, or

water source heat pumps – are

gaining increasing acceptance

as a heating and cooling

(and sometimes hot water)

source for both residential and

commercial buildings.

However, as housing

construction fell, so did

installation of heat pumps.

Shipments decreased nearly

5% in 2009 to 115,442 units,

according to a November 2010

EIA report. Capacity shipped

decreased by only 2% to

407,093 tonnes. This marked

the fi rst decrease in shipments

of geothermal heat pumps

since 2003.

The technology uses the

relatively constant temperature

of the earth as an exchange

medium. Just a few feet

below the earth’s surface, the

temperature remains fairly

constant, ranging from 45°F

to 75°F (roughly 7°C to 24°C).

This sub-surface is warmer

than outdoor temperatures

in the winter and cooler in the

summer – much like a cave.

The heat pump transfers heat

that is in sub-surface earth or

water into a building during the

winter. In the summer, it acts in

reverse, transferring the heat

out of the building and back into

the ground.

Aggressive deployment of

heat pumps could avert the

need to build 91–105 GW of

generating capacity by 2030,

according to Geothermal

(Ground-Source) Heat Pumps:

Market Status, Barriers to

Adoption, and Actions to

Overcome Barriers by Oak

Ridge National Laboratory.

WOOD PELLETS

Before the advent of central

heating and fossil fuels, 90%

of Americans burned wood to

heat their homes. By 1970 only

1% of the population relied on

wood. These days, wood

combustion in a fi replace is

generally viewed as a highly

polluting and ineffi cient method

of home heating. Some cities

and towns have even banned its

use. However, a new approach,

using wood pellet stoves,

reduces fi replace-associated

problems. Now wood heat is

being adopted more quickly

by households than any other

form of heating. The latest

US Census fi gures show the

number of households heating

with wood grew 34% from

2000 to 2010 (compared to

electric heat with 24% growth).

Pellets are typically made

of wood by-products such as

compacted sawdust, wood

chips, bark, agricultural crop

waste, waste paper, and other

organic materials – sometimes

even nut shells, corn kernels,

barley, beet pulp, sunfl owers,

dried cherry pits, and soybeans.

Pellet stoves are more

effi cient and cleaner burning

than traditional wood stoves

or fi replaces. Because their

combustion effi ciencies are

78%–85%, they are exempt from

US Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) smoke-emission

testing requirements. Pellet

stoves have heating capacities

that range between 8000 and

90,000 Btu per hour.

As a home heating source,

pellet stoves are still relatively

rare and pellet fuel is not

available in all regions. The

Pellet Fuels Institute (PFI) says

that US pellet manufacturers

supply enough fuel for about

one million pellet stoves and

fi replace inserts in US and

Canadian homes. Pellets

are also shipped to Europe

where they are used in power

plant generation.

AWEA


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Actual and planned transmission investment by shareholder-owned utilities (2005-2014)

p = preliminary

Note: The Handy-Whitman Index of Public Utility Construc-

tion Costs used to adjust actual investment for inflation from

year to year. Forecasted investment data are adjusted for

inflation using the GDP Deflator.

*Planned total industry expenditures are preliminary and

estimated from 93% response rate to EEI’s Electric

Transmission Capital Budget & Forecast Survey. Actual

expenditures are from EEI’s Annual Property & Plant Capital

Investment Survey and FERC Form 1 reports.

Updated as of September 2011.

EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE, BUSINESS INFORMATION GROUP

($ M

illio

ns [R

eal$

2010])

16,000

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

02005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011p 2012p 2013p 2014p

Actual Planned*

7,4748,243 8,481

9,0389,854

10,204

12,612

13,917 13,688 13,533

TRANSMISSION


The US must update

the wires and related

equipment that make

up its electric grid. The

infrastructure is aging,

and it does not suit the needs of

a contemporary energy system

that carries wind and solar from

remote areas to population

centres. So, the nation has taken

its fi rst steps toward creating

a green grid, but the process

is likely to take many years

to complete.

What will the new grid

look like? First, it will be bigger,

spanning not only North

America’s vast plains, but also

its coastal waters, carrying

clean energy from remote

wind farms and solar plants to

population centres. Second, it

will be smarter, incorporating

digitalised systems for greater

automation and customer

choice. All of this will come as

the nation increasingly swaps

out gasoline for electricity to fuel

its cars, a cleaner and cheaper

option, especially where the grid

is powered by renewable energy.

INVESTMENT RISING

Despite the slow economy,

utilities continue to invest in

new transmission. In fact, 2010

marked the fi rst time utilities

and transmission companies

spent more than $10 billion per

year on transmission, a 9.4%

rise over 2009, according to the

Edison Electric Institute (EEI)’s

Annual Property & Plant Capital

Investment Survey of late 2011.

(By comparison, investment in

distribution infrastructure held

steady at $16.9 billion.)

The report expects continued

growth in 2012, and then a

slowing in 2013–2014 as utilities

wind down large projects. Still,

EEI forecasts that developers

will invest a total of $54 billion in

transmission construction from

2011 to 2014, a 43% rise over

the previous four years.

Grid expansion and

transformation offer a much

needed profi t centre for

utilities during the current

economic slowdown. Utilities

invested nearly $55.3 billion

in transmission from 2001 to

2009, according to research

by EEI into its members, which

serve 95% of US customers.

For the next decade, utilities

report they will invest about

$61.2 billion in transmission

projects. But that is only

the beginning, and news of

additional projects keeps

coming. This large investment

is good news for renewable

energy, especially wind

power; AWEA says that lack of

transmission is one of the major

obstructions to new wind farms.

BUIDING A GREEN GRID

North America is expected

to add 38,900 circuit miles

(62,603 km) of new high voltage

line from 2010 through 2021,

says the North American

Electric Reliability Corporation

(NERC) in its 2011 Long-Term

NEW GRID FOR A

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Reliability Assessment. Of this,

about 8900 miles (14,323 km)

is still conceptual; the rest is

under construction or planned.

Texas beats other parts of the

country in terms of transmission

expansion; it expects to

see a 19% increase from

2010 to 2015.

Transmission construction

is keeping pace with plans

for new renewable energy.

But not-in-my-back-yard

opposition continues to

concern grid planners, as

local property owners in some

regions successfully block

new transmission before

regulators or in court. About

5100 miles (8207 km) face delay,

according to NERC. Hardest

hit are projects supplying lower

voltage lines, probably because

they tend to be built in more

populated areas.

To move transmission

projects along more quickly,

the Obama administration

has formed the Interagency

Rapid Response Team for

Transmission. Representatives

from nine federal agencies have

begun working together to help

projects win federal approval

more quickly. The agencies

include: the Department of

Agriculture, the Department of

Commerce, the Department

of Defense, the Department

of Energy, the Department

of Interior, the Environmental

Protection Agency, the

Federal Electric Regulatory

Commission, the Advisory

Council on Historic Preservation,

and the White House Council

on Environmental Quality. The

team will initially focus on seven

pilot projects that cross through

12 states: Arizona, Colorado,

Idaho, Minnesota, New Mexico,

Nevada, Wyoming, Utah, New

Jersey, Pennsylvania, Oregon,

and Wisconsin.

Separately, the Western

Governors Association

has begun studying why

transmission delays occur.

The organisation hopes to

fi nd ways to make permitting

easier for project developers

in the 19 states represented

by the association. ‘There is a

dramatic mismatch between

the timeframe for planning

generation resource additions

and electric transmission

development,’ Montana

governor Brian Schweitzer

said. ‘This mismatch poses

unwarranted risks to vital

resource development and the

development of transmission

needed to move those

resources to consumers. Our

goal is to narrow the gap.’

PIPELINE OF MAJOR PROJECTS

Many transmission projects are

being planned, developed or

built in the US to accommodate

renewable energy and improve

the grid. Below are some of

the highlights.

American Electric Power

has proposed one of the

most ambitious projects to

connect renewable energy to

the grid. The utility, one of the

nation’s largest, drafted plans

for a national transmission

super highway that includes a

19,000 mile (30,578 km) extra

high voltage (EHV) interstate

AC transmission system with

a 765 kV backbone overlaying

the existing system. The

EHV transmission system

would provide an additional

200–400 GW of bulk

transmission capacity. To

that end, AEP has launched

initiatives to build portions of

the project. One portion, the

163 mile (262 km) Electric

Transmission Texas, a joint

venture with MidAmerican

Energy Holdings Company,

won endorsement in 2011

from the Electric Reliability

Council of Texas (ERCOT)

Board of Directors as ‘critical

to reliability’. In a second joint

venture with MidAmerican

Energy Holdings Company,

called Electric Transmission

America, AEP is identifying

and investing in high-voltage

transmission outside of

ERCOT. An additional section,

Pioneer Transmission, is a

240 mile (386 km) Indiana

project in partnership with

Duke Energy, of which

66 miles (106 km) is scheduled

to undergo engineering,

permitting and siting in 2012.

Meanwhile, in 2011 another

portion was put on hold: the

275 mile (443 km) Potomac-

Appalachian Transmission

Highline, or PATH, a 765 kV

transmission line within PJM

Interconnection from West

Virginia to Maryland. AEP

decided to delay the project

after PJM said it wants

to more rigorously study

whether or not it is needed.

In the upper Midwest and

Great Plains, ITC Great

Plains has proposed the

Green Power Express, a

group of mostly transmission

expansions. The 765 kV

project is meant primarily to

accommodate wind power

development through a

high voltage overlay on the

existing grid. The project,

which encompasses

3000 miles (4828 km) of

line, is expected to cost

$10–$12 billion. The Midwest

Independent Transmission

System Operator in late

2011 approved construction

of portions of the project

which are expected to cost

$5.1 billion. The projects are

in south central Minnesota

and north central Iowa;

southwest Wisconsin and

eastern Iowa; and southern

Iowa and northeast Missouri.

Also in the upper Midwest,

11 utilities are planning

CapX2020, a four-phase

project that begins with

700 miles (1127 km) of high

voltage line to improve

reliability and integrate

wind power in the Dakotas

and Minnesota. The

Brookings County–Hampton

portion, expected to begin

construction in April 2012, is

particularly signifi cant for the

wind power industry because

the line will provide access

to wind power in southwest

Minnesota and eastern South

Dakota. In all, CapX2020 is

expected to cost $2 billion.

Xcel Energy is involved in

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TRANSMISSION


several transmission projects

throughout the 10 western

and midwestern states it

serves. In its Colorado service

territory, Xcel must comply

with a state mandate that the

utility fi le biennial plans that

designate energy resources

and identify transmission

plans to unlock renewable

energy within those zones.

In New England, National Grid

and Emera have proposed

a $2 billion line to run

240 miles (386 km) from

wind-rich Maine to heavily

populated southern

Massachusetts. The high

voltage direct current (HVDC)

line would have a capacity

of 1100 MW. Another New

England project, planned

through a partnership of

Northeast Utilities, NSTAR

and Hydro-Quebec, is

designed to carry 1100 MW of

hydroelectricity from Quebec

into the region via a DC line.

The $1.6 billion project faces

strong resistance from New

Hampshire property owners.

OG&E, a utility that serves

wind-rich Oklahoma, has

several transmission projects

underway, including the

170 mile (274 km) Tallgrass,

a 345/765 kV line in early

planning. The $500 million

project has been designated

as a priority by the Southwest

Power Pool.

NV Energy is building a

235 mile (378 km), 500 kV line

in partnership with LS Power

that will tie together Nevada’s

northern and southern grids.

The project, which has a

$510 million price tag, is

expected to be in operation

in 2012. Called One Nevada

Transmission Line, it is the

fi rst phase of the Southwest

Intertie Project (SWIP),

intended to carry about

2000 MW. SWIP will allow

wind and solar energy from

Wyoming, Idaho and Nevada

to reach Southwest and

California markets.

Texas paved the way in

2008 for other states and

regions with the nation’s

fi rst competitive renewable

energy zone, or CREZ. Such

zones are designated for

wind development and offer

a coordinated plan to build an

accompanying transmission

superhighway. By marshaling

government and market

forces, the Texas CREZ is

expected to result in about

$5 billion of transmission to

accommodate 18,500 MW of

wind projects in Texas. Texas

offi cially hopes to see CREZ

projects fi nished by the end

of 2013.

Utilities in California and other

western states have several

signifi cant transmission

projects underway. The

Canada-Pacifi c Northwest, or

CNC, is a 1000 mile (1609 km)

line being designed to carry

3000 MW of new renewables

in British Columbia, Canada

to the Pacifi c Northwest and

northern California. Pacifi c

Gas & Electric expects

the $3–7 billion line to be

operating by the end of

2018. Pacifi cCorp expects to

complete major segments of

the $6 billion Energy Gateway

by 2014. The fi rst phase of the

2000-mile (3219 km) project,

in Idaho, was completed

in 2010. When fi nished the

line will traverse Oregon,

Washington, Idaho, Wyoming

and Utah.

WORLD’S LARGEST MACHINE

The North American

transmission system is often

described as the largest

machine in the world. The

system represents $1 trillion

in assets and encompasses

about 211,000 miles

(340,000 km) of high voltage

transmission lines to support

830 GW and 334 million people.

The US grid is actually

three grids: the Eastern

Interconnection, the Western

Interconnection and the Electric

Reliability Council of Texas,

or ERCOT. The three grids

are not fully linked, preventing

the fl ow of AC power among

them. FERC regulates the US

transmission grid, although

state regulatory commissions

have governance over utilities

that own transmission.

A project is underway to

connect the three asynchronous

US power grids. Called the

Tres Amigas SuperStation, it

is designed to allow renewable

energy to fl ow more easily

across the nation. Based in

New Mexico near the Texas

border, the $600 million station

will act as a renewable energy

transmission hub, where 5 GW

superconductor cables will feed

renewable energy between the

three interconnections.

GRID OPERATION

Regional transmission

organisations (RTOs) or

independent system operators

(ISOs) manage grid operations

for two-thirds of the US

population and 50% of the

Canadian population. The 10

RTOs/ISOs are required to

ensure grid reliability with market

practices. They are sometimes

referred to as the ‘organised

markets’ within North America.

Because transmission

traverses state and even

national borders, new

investment requires careful

coordination among various

legal jurisdictions. As a result,

some signifi cant regional

planning efforts are underway,

even beyond what is done by

the ISOs and RTOs. One of

the largest planning efforts

encompasses the 39 states

and eight Canadian provinces

that make up the Eastern

Interconnection, an area that

encompasses 70% of the US

population. Undertaken by

the Eastern Interconnection

Planning Collaborative (EIPC),

the project is expected to result

in three model transmission

maps for the Eastern

Interconnection. EIPC hopes to

determine what transmission

resources the region will need

by 2030, depending on which

generation mix the US develops.

EIPC fi nished the fi rst phase of

its study in December 2011. The

Western Interconnection and

Texas are engaged in similar

planning studies.

OFFSHORE TRANSMISSION

The US is behind Europe

in developing underwater

transmission to accommodate

offshore wind, but projects are

beginning to emerge.

For example, in 2011

Massachusetts company

Anbaric Transmission proposed

the fi rst offshore transmission

trunk for New England waters,

one of the US’s most active areas

for offshore wind development.

Called the Bay State Offshore

Wind Transmission System, the

2000 MW network includes two

1000 MW high-voltage direct

current merchant lines. Each

line could serve two to three

wind farms.

At the same time, a

partnership that includes internet

giant Google continues to move

forward with plans to develop an

FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION


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TRANSMISSION


offshore supergrid to connect

wind farms in the Mid-Atlantic

region. The other partners are

Trans-Elect Development

Company, Good Energies,

Marubeni and Belgian

transmission operator Elia.

Called the Atlantic Wind

Connection (AWC), the 350 mile

(563 km) high voltage direct

current line will run from Virginia

to New Jersey. Early reports

peg its price at $5 billion.

The investors plan to develop

the 6600 MW supergrid in

fi ve phases, starting with a

1500 MW segment built over

two years. The partners hope

to begin commercial operation

in 2016; the date is tentative

because government approval

can be slow, and no one has

yet tried to permit such a vast

underwater grid system.

The partners chose the

Mid-Atlantic because of its

excellent wind energy potential.

By some estimates, the coastal

winds along this stretch could

generate 60,000 MW. The

Mid-Atlantic coast line also has

shallow water that extends far

out to sea, allowing wind farms

to be built where they cannot be

seen by property owners.

Less ambitious submarine

transmission projects are

also planned. For example,

New England Independent

Transmission is developing the

Green Line, a high voltage direct

current line off the Northeast

coastline designed to carry

land-based wind power from

northern Maine into Boston. By

building out to sea, the developer

avoids battles with landowners

that can delay land-based

transmission projects.

SMART & GREEN

The grid is not only expanding,

but also gaining what the

industry calls ‘smarts’, electronic

digital technology that provides

two-way communications

between consumers and power

plants and monitors power fl ow

in real time. This will make the

grid more effi cient and better

able to automatically integrate

intermittent renewable energy.

To boost smart grid

development, the DOE

made $3.4 billion in tax-free

grants available in late 2009,

marking the single largest

grid modernisation effort in

US history. The grants require

matching private funds, bringing

the total investment to more

than $8 billion. The Obama

administration expects the

projects to help the nation

obtain 20% or more of its energy

from renewables by 2020.

More than 100 companies

received the funds. Many more

have begun to install smart

meters for their customers, and

private companies increasingly

offer in-home displays, cell

phone energy monitors, smart

thermostats and other devices.

The Electric Power Research

Institute estimates that creating

a smart grid will cost about

$338 billion to $476 billion

and provide benefi ts worth

$1.3 trillion to $2 trillion over

20 years.

WHAT’S NEXT?

The US has moved beyond

the questions of ‘if’ and

‘when’ renewable energy will

be integrated into the mix.

Now the issue is ‘how’, as

regulators, policymakers and

grid operators focus on the

fi ner engineering aspects of

a transmission system that

balances intermittent resources

with baseload generation to

create the cleanest and most

cost effective grid.

Given the complexity of

the task, state and federal

regulators have been updating

rules to streamline the process.

FERC issued a signifi cant ruling

in July 2011 to settle disputes on

how the US will pay for the new

grid. Known as FERC Order

1000, it won immediate praise

from wind and solar advocates.

The rule requires that utilities

improve transmission planning

and allocate costs for new

transmission to those who

benefi t from the lines.

Regions must now develop

transmission plans, coordinate

with neighbouring regions,

and build transmission to meet

public policy goals. While in the

past utilities and transmission

companies built lines to increase

reliability and curb power

congestion, now they must also

meet renewable energy laws.

AWEA said the new rule is

an important step in building

transmission to carry wind energy

to load centres. The old system

too narrowly defi ned who should

pay, resulting in inadequate grid

expansion.

The reforms could ‘cut the

Gordian knot that is blocking

investment in our aging power

grid,’ says Denise Bode, AWEA

CEO. ‘This is an important

step toward removing the main

hurdle: how to make sure all

users pay their fair share of

new lines. Preventing free-

riding will help improve grid

reliability, and reduce electricity

bills by facilitating access to

lower cost resources, including

wind energy,’ Bode says.

Rhone Resch, SEIA president

and CEO, said the new rule ‘will

help the solar industry overcome

a signifi cant hurdle impeding the

development of the more than

25 GW in the utility-scale solar

power pipeline.’

He added that FERC

Order 1000 ‘establishes a

balanced framework for the

adoption of regional solutions

to transmission challenges.

This rule will facilitate the

development of utility-scale

solar power in the Southwest,

where some of the world’s

best solar resources are found,

but are restricted by lack of

adequate access to the nation’s

rapidly aging transmission

infrastructure.’ Resch says.

The new FERC order,

combined with intense interest

by states to build renewable

energy, means a US green

grid is on its way to becoming

a reality.

The Electric Power

Research Institute

estimates that

creating a smart

grid will cost about

$338 billion to

$476 billion and

provide benefi ts

worth $1.3 trillion to

$2 trillion over

20 years.

CapX2020 transmission site CAPX2020


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CLASSIFIED LISTING


BIOFUELS FOR TRANSPORT

BIODIESELAMEC E&C Services

Fluid Engineering

Green Epiphany

Heritage Energy Solutions LLC

Joseph Oat Corp

Murphy International Development LLC

Prado Technology Corp

Protean Energy Advisors LLC

Ralph Brill Associates

ETHANOL PRODUCTIONAMEC E&C Services

Fluid Engineering

John Crane

Niagara Blower Heat Transfer Solutions


Vooner FloGard Corp

BIOMASS AND ENERGY-FROM-WASTE

APPLICATIONS

BIOGAS PLANTSAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

Center for Sustainable Cities Design Studio

Hocking County Community Improvement

Corp

Nexum Renewables

NOVI Energy

Rein and Associates

Solar Turbines

Symbiont

BIOGAS UTILIZATIONGas Separation Technology LLC - GST

Nexum Renewables

Novozymes Biologicals Inc - NZB

Precision Combustion Inc

Symbiont

CATCH CROP UTILIZATIONRalph Brill Associates

CONSTRUCTIONAndy J Egan Co Inc

Battic Door Energy Conservation Products


CH2M HILL Power

Chaleff & Rogers Architects

Continental Biomass Industries Inc - CBI

Fisher Tank Co

S & B Engineers and Constructors

United Transmission Exchange

DISTRICT HEAT BY BIOGASAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

Solar Turbines

ENERGY FORESTRYGEA Barr-Rosin Inc

Hurst Boiler & Welding Co Inc

West Salem Machinery Co

ENERGY-FROM-WASTE-

PROJECTSAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

AgriPower Inc

Algaewheel Technologies LLC

Coen Co Inc


Cummins Power Generation Inc

Dresser-Rand

Energy Products of Idaho (EPI)

EnerWaste Inc

ESI Inc of Tennessee

GEA Barr-Rosin Inc

Green Power Inc

Guascor Inc


Corp

International District Energy Association -

IDEA

McBurney Corp


Nexum Renewables

Pearl Steam Engine Co

Plasma Waste Recycling Inc

Pratt & Whitney Power Systems

PRM Energy Systems Inc - PRME


RUD Chain Inc

WEIMA America Inc


GASIFICATIONAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

EnerWaste Inc

Plasma Waste Recycling Inc



RTI International

Vooner FloGard Corp

INCINERATIONAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

Bellstar Research Laboratories

Detroit Stoker Co

EnerWaste Inc

Fluid Engineering

IMERYS

LANDFILL GAS MONITORINGFCI-Fluid Components International

Nova Analytical Systems Inc

LANDFILL GAS UTILIZATIONBekaert CEB Technologies


Gas Separation Technology LLC - GST


IDEA

Johnson Controls Inc

LumaSense Technologies Inc


Solar Turbines

OTHERCenter for Sustainable Cities Design Studio

Electratherm Inc

Enertegic

Golden Eagle Technologies LLC

Green Power Inc

IMERYS


REFUSE-DERIVED FUELSAmerican Pulverizer Co

Detroit Stoker Co

Dresser-Rand

Green Power Inc



Warren & Baerg Manufacturing Inc

WOOD-WASTE UTILIZATIONAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

American Pulverizer Co



EnerWaste Inc


IMERYS

Jeffrey Rader Corp

McBurney Corp






WEIMA America Inc


EQUIPMENT

AEROBIC DIGESTERSRein and Associates

Symbiont

Synergy International Inc

ANAEROBIC DIGESTERSFisher Tank Co



Corp

Nexum Renewables


Vooner FloGard Corp

BOILERSAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp


Hamon Deltak Inc


John Crane

McBurney Corp

Metso Power

Nebraska Boiler

Vital Technologies Inc

BRIQUETTERSWarren & Baerg Manufacturing Inc

WEIMA America Inc

CHIPPERSAmerican Pulverizer Co


WEIMA America Inc


COMBUSTORSAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp

Bekaert CEB Technologies


EnerWaste Inc


DISINTEGRATORS AND

SHREDDERSAmerican Pulverizer Co

Jeffrey Rader Corp

Magnetic Div Global Equipment Mktg Inc

WEIMA America Inc

ENGINESApplied Thermodynamics


Guascor Inc



FEEDING EQUIPMENTAmerican Pulverizer Co


Detroit Stoker Co

Jeffrey Rader Corp

KEITH Manufacturing Co


Sodimate Inc



FLUE GAS CLEANERSHurst Boiler & Welding Co Inc

Lingqi LLC

Sodimate Inc

SOLVAir Solutions/Solvay Chemicals Inc

Southport Equipment

GAS GENERATORSAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp



Corp


Proton Energy System

Rein and Associates

GASIFIERSAdvanced Alternative Energy Corp


EnerWaste Inc

Lingqi LLC


HANDLING PLANTAvida Americas LLC


Jeffrey Rader Corp

Littleford Day Inc

LANDFILL GASBekaert CEB Technologies


FCI-Fluid Components International



METERSAMETEK Power Instruments

FCI-Fluid Components International

Siemens Industry Solutions Automation and

Drive Technologies

OTHERAlgaewheel Technologies LLC


US COMPANY

LISTINGSCLASSIFIED LISTING


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CLASSIFIED LISTING


GEA Barr-Rosin Inc


International Generator Technical Community


ORBIS Corp (Norseman Environmental

Products)

RUD Chain Inc

STOKERSDetroit Stoker Co

Jeffrey Rader Corp

McBurney Corp

STORAGE CONTAINERSFisher Tank Co

ORBIS Corp (Norseman Environmental

Products)

Tank Connection Affi liate Group

TURBINESDresser-Rand

Energy Recovery Systems LLC

Gas Turbines International LLC

International Power Machinery Co

Stork H&E Turbo Blading

SERVICES

CONSULTANCYAmerican Heat and Power LLC

Applied Technologies Inc

Barr Engineering Co

Black & Veatch Corp

Blue Harbor Energy Inc

Bridgestone Associates Ltd

Cambridge Project Development Inc


Green Epiphany

IHS Emerging Energy Research

KEMA Inc

Lingqi LLC

Navigant



RJM Associates

Technology Transition Corp

Valdes Engineering Co

CONTRACT R&DApplied Thermodynamics

Dow Corning Corp


Rein and Associates

RTI International


DATA LOGGINGCAS Data Loggers

DESIGNAMEC E&C Services

American Heat and Power LLC



Harris Group

McBurney Corp


RUD Chain Inc

Stanley Consultants Inc


DOCUMENTATIONLingqi LLC

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIESCH2M HILL Power

Ecology & Environment Inc

Metso Power


RTI International

Symbiont

FEASIBILITY STUDIESAMEC E&C Services


Applied Thermodynamics


CH2M HILL Power


Harris Group

McBurney Corp

Metso Power

Nexum Renewables



FINANCIAL ADVICEEngland Securities LLC

Morrison & Kibbey Ltd


INSTALLATIONCH2M HILL Power

McBurney Corp

MJ Electric LLC

INSURANCEGCube Insurance Services Inc

MAINTENANCEMetso Power




OPERATINGCambridge Project Development Inc

Metso Power

NAES Corp

Nexum Renewables

OTHERAlgaewheel Technologies LLC


Andy J Egan Co Inc

Bonneville Power Administration


Green Epiphany

IMERYS


PathSource Partners

SAMCO Technologies Inc


OWNERSHIPBellstar Research Laboratories


Nexum Renewables

PRODUCT SOURCINGAlturdyne

PROJECT MANAGEMENTBoyle Energy Services & Technology



Symbiont

SOFTWAREGSE Power Systems Inc

RouteRite.com Service Route Billing

Software

TURNKEY CONTRACTORSCambridge Project Development Inc

CH2M HILL Power


EnerWaste Inc

Guascor Inc


COGENERATION

APPLICATIONS

AGRICULTUREAlturdyne

Capstone Turbine Corp

CH2M HILL Power

Hilliard Corp

Precision Engine Controls Corp

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGSCapstone Turbine Corp

Caterpillar Inc

Hilliard Corp

Integrated CHP Systems Corp


Pfi ster Energy Inc


HOSPITALSCapstone Turbine Corp

Caterpillar Inc

Energy Applications Inc

Gardner Denver Inc

Hilliard Corp



HOTELSCapstone Turbine Corp

Hilliard Corp



INDUSTRIAL PLANTAlpha Energy

AMETEK Power Instruments

CH2M HILL Power

Custom Instrumentation Services Corp-

CISCO


Gardner Denver Inc

Helmick Corp

Hilliard Corp

Jonas Inc

MATCOR Inc

Nebraska Boiler

Nexum Renewables


Rein and Associates

Schutte & Koerting

Southwest Research Institute

Spincraft

LEISURE CENTERSCapstone Turbine Corp

Hilliard Corp


OTHERBellstar Research Laboratories


CH2M HILL Power


CISCO


Graham Corp

Hilliard Corp


MATCOR Inc

NOVI Energy



RetubeCo Inc

Solar Turbines

Spincraft

SMALL-SCALE DOMESTICAlturdyne



Hilliard Corp


STEAM GENERATIONDetroit Stoker Co


EnerWaste Inc

GEA Barr-Rosin Inc

Hamon Deltak Inc

Hilliard Corp


IDEA

John Crane

Jonas Inc


Tungstone Power Inc

EQUIPMENT

BOILERSCleaver-Brooks Engineered Boiler Systems

FactoryNetwork Inc

Hamon Deltak Inc

Helmick Corp

Johnston Boiler Co

CONTROL GEARFactoryNetwork Inc

North American Phoenix Energy

ENGINESAeroderivative Gas Turbine Support Inc

BelleFlex Technologies LLC

Caterpillar Inc

Caterpillar Power Generation Systems


GAS COMPRESSORSBellstar Research Laboratories


Dresser-Rand

Gardner Denver Inc

Gas and Air Systems Inc - GAS

John Crane

Schutte & Koerting

Vooner FloGard Corp

GENERATORSAlpha Energy

Calnetix Inc

Calnetix Power Solutions


Caterpillar Inc



Helmick Corp

INERJY


National Electric Coil


Tungstone Power Inc

HEAT EXCHANGERSAmbassador Heat Transfer Co


Graham Corp

Joseph Oat Corp


Parker Hannifi n Corp

Super Radiator Coils

METERSFCI-Fluid Components International

LUDECA Inc

Magnetic Products & Services Inc - MPS

Sierra Instruments Inc

OTHERAdvanced Filtration Concepts Inc

AEGIS Bearing Protection Rings

Basler Electric Co

CEC Vibration Products Inc

Conax Technologies

Electroswitch

Fasteners Technologies

Fibox Enclosures

GEA Barr-Rosin Inc

Hilliard Corp

Jonas Inc

Lufkin Industries Inc

MATCOR Inc

Orival Inc



RetubeCo Inc

Sulzer Turbo Services

PACKAGED PLANTAlturdyne

Andy J Egan Co Inc




PIPINGAndy J Egan Co Inc


Croll Reynolds Engineering Co Inc

EagleBurgmann Expansion Joint Solutions

MATCOR Inc


SWITCHGEARCaterpillar Inc

Electroswitch


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CLASSIFIED LISTING



Phoenix Electric Corp

TRANSFORMERSBelleFlex Technologies LLC

CG Power Systems USA Inc

FactoryNetwork Inc

TURBINESAeroderivative Gas Turbine Support Inc

American Moistening Co - AMCO



Burns & McDonnell

Calnetix Power Solutions



Dresser-Rand


Hamon Deltak Inc

International Power Machinery Co

Mee Industries Inc


Pneumafi l Corp

Precision Energy Services Inc



TurboCare

VALVESBelleFlex Technologies LLC

FactoryNetwork Inc

Flowserve Corp

Hilliard Corp

John Crane



Schutte & Koerting

SERVICES

CERTIFICATIONKnighthawk Engineering Inc

CONSTRUCTIONBurns & McDonnell

CH2M HILL Power


MJ Electric LLC

Pfi ster Energy Inc



CONSULTANCYAmerican Heat and Power LLC




Burns & McDonnell


Electroswitch

Enertegic

Friberg Associates Inc




Jonas Inc

KEMA Inc

NOVI Energy

RJM Associates


CONTRACT ENERGY

MANAGEMENTJohnson Controls Inc

CONTRACT R&DDow Corning Corp

DESIGNAMEC E&C Services

AMETEK Power Instruments

Aquatech

Burns & McDonnell


CH2M HILL Power




Hamon Deltak Inc

Harris Group

Knighthawk Engineering Inc



Tungstone Power Inc

FEASIBILITY STUDIESThe Cool Solutions Co

Harris Group


Maven Power


FINANCIAL ADVICEBurns & McDonnell


INSTALLATIONCaterpillar Power Generation Systems

Hamon Deltak Inc

MATCOR Inc

Maven Power


MAINTENANCEAMETEK Power Instruments

Conco Systems Inc

Dresser-Rand

Gas and Air Systems Inc - GAS

Hamon Deltak Inc


LUDECA Inc


NAES Corp

Safway Services LLC


TurboCare

MONITORINGCEC Vibration Products Inc



Logic Beach Inc


Sohre Turbomachinery Inc

STI Technologies Inc

SymCom Inc

OPERATING AND OWNERSHIPBellstar Research Laboratories

OTHERAquatech

Conco Systems Inc


CISCO

Hamon Deltak Inc


Machida Inc

MATCOR Inc

PathSource Partners


RetubeCo Inc


PROJECT MANAGEMENTAquatech

Boyle Energy Services & Technology


CH2M HILL Power


Petrotech Inc




TESTINGKnighthawk Engineering Inc


Petrotech Inc

TRAININGIndustrial Training Consultants Inc

TURNKEY CONTRACTORSCaterpillar Power Generation Systems


Mortenson Construction

DISTRICT HEATING

EQUIPMENT

CONDENSERSAmbassador Heat Transfer Co

FLUE GAS CLEANERSHurst Boiler & Welding Co Inc

GENERATORSPratt & Whitney Power Systems

HEAT EXCHANGERSAggreko Cooling Tower Services

Ambassador Heat Transfer Co

Graham Corp


HEAT STORAGE

INSTALLATIONSThe Cool Solutions Co

OTHERAEGIS Bearing Protection Rings

RetubeCo Inc

PRE-INSULATED PIPINGAndy J Egan Co Inc

PUMPSFlowserve Corp

Graham Corp

STEAM TURBINESDresser-Rand


Schutte & Koerting



VALVESHilliard Corp

WATER TREATMENT

CHEMICALSAspen Water Inc

WATER TREATMENT PLANTAspen Water Inc

Jamison Products LP

SERVICES

CONSTRUCTIONS & B Engineers and Constructors

CONSULTANCYThe Cool Solutions Co


IDEA

DESIGNStanley Consultants Inc

DOCUMENTATIONDynamic Systems Inc

FEASIBILITY STUDIESDynamic Systems Inc


IDEA

MAINTENANCEConco Systems Inc

Dresser-Rand

Flowserve Corp


MONITORINGSohre Turbomachinery Inc

OTHERConco Systems Inc

RetubeCo Inc

PROJECT MANAGEMENTJohnson Controls Inc

TESTINGStork Materials Technology

TURNKEY CONTRACTORSPratt & Whitney Power Systems

WATER TREATMENTAspen Water Inc

Hilliard Corp

Sodimate Inc

GENERAL SERVICES

SERVICES

CONSULTANTSAEi Systems



Array Technologies Inc

Barr Engineering Co

Battic Door Energy Conservation Products

BD Consulting and Investigations Inc

BS Rotor Technic USA LLC

Bureau Veritas North America Inc

Burns & McDonnell Engineering Co Inc



The Cool Solutions Co

Dow Corning Corp

Dynamic Systems Inc

Earthlog Energy Corp


Green Epiphany

GreenSpark Innovations LLC

IEC & Associates

INNOTRONIKS

J Fletcher Creamer & Son Inc

Jonas Inc

Kleinfelder

Lingqi LLC

Navigant

Patents and Licensing LLC

Power Acoustics Inc

RJM Associates

Sargent & Lundy LLC

Solar Consulting Services - SCS

Solar Electric Light Fund

Southport Partnership LLC




Structural Integrity Associates Inc

System One



CONTRACT R&DAdvanced Optics Inc


ConTechs Engineering Design Inc

Dow Corning Corp


ProSim Inc


DESIGNAEi Systems




Breaux Consulting

CEM Design Architects


DIS-TRAN Packaged Substations LLC


Harris Group

IEC & Associates

Kleinfelder

McBurney Corp

Meridian Associates Inc




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CLASSIFIED LISTING



Quanta Power Generation

Renewable Technologies Inc

Sargent & Lundy LLC


University of New Mexico

DOCUMENTATIONKleinfelder

RussTech Language Services Inc

ENERGY AUDITKleinfelder

NOVI Energy

University of Florida

ENERGY PLANNERFriberg Associates Inc

Kleinfelder


FEASIBILITY STUDIESAmerican Heat and Power LLC

The Cool Solutions Co

Green Epiphany

Harris Group

Kleinfelder

Maven Power

McBurney Corp

Nexum Renewables

NOVI Energy

Olympic Energy Systems Inc


ProSim Inc


Sargent & Lundy LLC

FINANCEEngland Securities LLC



National Lease Financing Services

Sierra Capital Services


Solar International Management Inc


Green Epiphany


INFORMATIONAmerican Council On Renewable Energy

(ACORE)


Dynamic Systems Inc


Lutherlyn Environmental Education Program

- LEEP

PennWell Corp

RenewableEnergyWorld.com


US Renewable Energy Association


MONITORINGBalmac Inc

Kleinfelder

Logic Beach Inc

Meggitt Sensing Systems

SymCom Inc

System One


OTHERAdvanced Optics Inc

Algaewheel Technologies LLC


Cryofab Inc

DIS-TRAN Packaged Substations LLC

ELMA Electronic Inc

Herbold Meckesheim USA

IMERYS

K-Sun Corp

Patents and Licensing LLC

PennWell Corp

Process Equipment - Barron Industries

RussTech Language Services Inc

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc



TIC - The Industrial Co

US Environmental Protection Agency - US

EPA

PRODUCT SOURCINGBattic Door Energy Conservation Products

Green Epiphany

PROJECT MANAGERBattic Door Energy Conservation Products

Kleinfelder


SOFTWAREDynamic Systems Inc

Infor

K-Sun Corp

Milwaukee Resistor Corp

ProSim Inc


Software

Schneider Electric


Valentin Software Inc

TESTINGAEi Systems

Balmac Inc



Dow Corning Corp

IEC & Associates

Kleinfelder



Stork Materials Technology

TRAININGAmerican Council On Renewable Energy

(ACORE)


Industrial Training Consultants Inc


GEOTHERMAL

APPLICATIONS

DIRECT USE HEATINGEnerWaste Inc


Corp


OTHERAmerican Council On Renewable Energy

(ACORE)

Bonneville Power Administration

POWER GENERATIONAspen Water Inc


Electratherm Inc

EnerWaste Inc

GeothermEx Inc

John Crane




Pfi ster Energy Inc


TurboCare

Two-Phase Engineering & Research

Vooner FloGard Corp

EQUIPMENT

CONDENSERSAmbassador Heat Transfer Co

Graham Corp

Joseph Oat Corp


Schutte & Koerting

Southport Equipment

DIRECT-USE COOLING WATER

SYSTEMSJohnson Controls Inc


DIRECT-USE HEAT

EXCHANGERS AND PUMPSNiagara Blower Heat Transfer Solutions

Schutte & Koerting


Industrial Magnetics Inc

Jamison Products LP


POWER GENERATION

EQUIPMENTElectratherm Inc

MKS Instruments Inc



Southport Equipment


TurboCare

POWER PLANT CONTROL

SYSTEMSNorth American Phoenix Energy

PUMPSFlowserve Corp

VALVESFlowserve Corp

Hilliard Corp

SERVICES

CHEMICAL TREATMENTSOLVAir Solutions/Solvay Chemicals Inc

CONSULTANCYBlack & Veatch Corp


Enertegic

Gaia Geothermal LLC

GeothermEx Inc




DESIGNCEM Design Architects

Gaia Geothermal LLC




DOCUMENTATIONGaia Geothermal LLC

DRILLING MANAGEMENTGeothermEx Inc

ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORINGEcology & Environment Inc


FEASIBILITY STUDIESGeothermEx Inc


GEOLOGY SURVEYSSunrise Engineering

INSTALLATIONEastern Energy Systems Inc


MAINTENANCENational Electric Coil

TurboCare


Sunrise Engineering


OTHERGaia Geothermal LLC

PathSource Partners


PROJECT MANAGEMENTJohnson Controls Inc


SOFTWAREGaia Geothermal LLC

GSE Power Systems Inc

THERMAL STUDIESTwo-Phase Engineering & Research

WELL TESTINGGeothermEx Inc


HEAT RECOVERY

APPLICATIONS

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGSAggreko Cooling Tower Services

DOMESTIC BUILDINGSBattic Door Energy Conservation Products


HOSPITALSHamon Deltak Inc


INDUSTRIAL PLANTAggreko Cooling Tower Services


Hamon Deltak Inc

Jamison Products LP


OIL INDUSTRYJamison Products LP


Southport Equipment

OTHERHamon Deltak Inc

Solar Turbines

SWIMMING POOLSUniversity of Florida


EQUIPMENT

AIRFILTERSAdvanced Filtration Concepts Inc

AIR-HANDLING UNITSSuper Radiator Coils

FLUE ECONOMISERSBattic Door Energy Conservation Products

HEAT EXCHANGERSAmbassador Heat Transfer Co


Graham Corp


Schutte & Koerting

Southport Equipment


HEAT RECOVERY UNITSCleaver-Brooks Engineered Boiler Systems

Dresser-Rand

Electratherm Inc

Hamon Deltak Inc

Heatec Inc



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CLASSIFIED LISTING


HUMIDIFIERS AND

DEHUMIDIFIERSVital Technologies Inc

WASTE HEAT BOILERSCleaver-Brooks Engineered Boiler Systems


Hamon Deltak Inc

Nebraska Boiler

WASTE INCINERATIONEnerWaste Inc

SERVICES

BUILDING AIR LEAKAGE

SURVEYSBattic Door Energy Conservation Products

CONSULTANCYBattic Door Energy Conservation Products

Jonas Inc





DATA LOGGINGCAS Data Loggers

DESIGNHamon Deltak Inc

Harris Group


ENERGY AUDITSGreenSpark Innovations LLC

FEASIBILITY STUDIESHarris Group

ProSim Inc


INSTALLATIONBattic Door Energy Conservation Products


MAINTENANCEHamon Deltak Inc

Precision Energy Services Inc

MONITORINGStructural Integrity Associates Inc



SOFTWARERouteRite.com Service Route Billing

Software

TRAININGIndustrial Training Consultants Inc

HYDRO POWER

APPLICATIONS

HYDRO-ELECTRIC SCHEMESFluid Engineering

Hydro Green Energy


MICRO AND MINI HYDRO

SCHEMESAbraham Solar Equipment

Guascor Inc

Hartvigsen-Hydro

SINDAL Business and Market Development

Verdant Power Inc


(ACORE)

Enertegic

RIVER HYDRO SCHEMESFluid Engineering


Verdant Power Inc

EQUIPMENT

CABLINGAMETEK Power Instruments

General Cable

Mobile Mark

OFS Fitel LLC

Telefonika Cable Americas

Trelleborg Offshore

CONTROL GEARNorth American Phoenix Energy


GEARSHansen Transmissions Inc

Lufkin Industries Inc

GENERATORSNational Electric Coil

HIGH-HEAD TURBINESHartvigsen-Hydro

Sierra Solar Systems

LOW-HEAD TURBINESHartvigsen-Hydro

Hydro Green Energy

Ocean Renewable Energy Systems Corp

- ORES


Basler Electric Co

Fibox Enclosures

Hamilton Precision Metals Inc



Schutte & Koerting

Tech Products Inc

REMOTE MONITORING

EQUIPMENTAMETEK Power Instruments

Balmac Inc

Electroswitch

LUDECA Inc

Mobile Mark



TRANSFORMERSMTC Transformers

SERVICES

CONSTRUCTIONGuascor Inc

Kleinschmidt Associates

MJ Electric LLC

CONSULTANCYBarr Engineering Co

Black & Veatch Corp



Hartvigsen-Hydro


Navigant


- ORES



WSB - Hawaii

CONTRACT R&DGuascor Inc

DESIGNAMETEK Power Instruments



Weir American Hydro Corp

EQUIPMENT AND

COMPONENT SUPPLIERSHartvigsen-Hydro



OFS Fitel LLC

Weir American Hydro Corp

INSTALLATIONGuascor Inc

Hydro Green Energy

MJ Electric LLC

MAINTENANCEAMETEK Power Instruments

NAES Corp


MONITORINGBalmac Inc

Logic Beach Inc



3TIER Inc

OTHERGCube Insurance Services Inc

National Hydropower Association

PathSource Partners


PLANNING PERMISSIONGuascor Inc

PROJECT MANAGEMENTBarr Engineering Co



- ORES



TESTINGBureau Veritas North America Inc


TRAININGBureau Veritas North America Inc


PASSIVE SOLAR

APPLICATIONS

DAYLIGHTINGINNOTRONIKS

HEATINGBreaux Consulting



Clean Power Works




(ACORE)

Enertegic

SEADS Solar

Solar Illuminations

PASSIVE VENTILATIONSouthport Partnership LLC

SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD

DESIGNSolar Illuminations

EQUIPMENT

HEAT STORAGEChaleff & Rogers Architects

OTHERBonneville Power Administration


Fibox Enclosures


Hollaender Manufacturing

Schletter Inc

Solar Illuminations

PASSIVE SOLAR WATER

HEATERSEnergy Conservation Services of North

Florida - ECS

North Canyon Solar and Plumbing Inc

Solairgen

Sun King Inc

PASSIVE VENTILATION

SYSTEMSChaleff & Rogers Architects

SOLAR AIR HEATING PANELSSun King Inc

SUNSHADINGPoint Eight Power Inc

SERVICES

CONSULTANCYBreaux Consulting




KEMA Inc

Michael Stavy Consulting Energy Economist


DESIGNBreaux Consulting



PowerPod Corp

Stellar Sun

DOCUMENTATIONChaleff & Rogers Architects

OTHERPathSource Partners

Solar Illuminations

PRODUCT SOURCINGSouthport Partnership LLC

TESTINGStork Materials Technology

PHOTOVOLTAICS

APPLICATIONS

BATTERY CHARGINGAbraham Solar Equipment

African Energy

Aspen Water Inc

Blue Sky Energy


Great Northern Solar

Great Plains Power

North East Arizona Energy Services Co -

NEA-ESCO

SolarOne Solutions Inc

Sunrnr of Virginia Inc


Tungstone Power Inc

US Battery

BATTERY CHARGING (MARINE)Energy Applications Inc


Tungstone Power Inc

US Battery


ENERGY

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CLASSIFIED LISTING


BUILDING FACADESaltPOWER Inc


Corp

InterPhases Solar Inc

Sound Power Inc

TE Connectivity

CATHODIC PROTECTIONEnergy Power Systems

CONSUMER PRODUCTSDuraComm Lighting

Enphase Energy Inc

Green Epiphany




Westinghouse Solar

COOLINGDow Corning Corp

GRID-CONNECTED SYSTEMSAlpha Energy

APtronic AG

Beyond Oil Solar

CentroSolar America Inc

DPW Solar

Fronius USA LLC


GridPlex Networks


Corp



MAGE SOLAR Inc

Mitsubishi Electric & Electronics USA


NEA-ESCO


Pfi ster Energy Inc

Positive Energy Inc

PPC Solar

Princeton Power Systems Inc


Quixotic Systems Inc

SMA America LLC

Solairgen

The Solar Center Inc

Solar Connexion and Moonlight Solar

Solar Electric Power Association - SEPA

SolFocus Inc

TE Connectivity

Third Sun Solar and Wind Power Ltd

UL

Westinghouse Solar

WSB - Hawaii

HYBRID SYSTEMSCentroSolar America Inc

Clean Power Works

Great Plains Power

GridPlex Networks

Pfi ster Energy Inc

SEADS Solar

Solar Design Associates Inc


Solar Water Technologies Inc

Stellar Sun

INTEGRATION INTO BUILDINGSaltPOWER Inc

GridPlex Networks


SEADS Solar


Solar Electric Power Co - SEPCO

SolFocus Inc


IRRIGATIONSolar Electric Light Fund



LIGHTINGBlue Sky Energy

DuraComm Lighting

Energy Power Systems

GridPlex Networks

IMO USA Corp

INNOTRONIKS



SOL Inc

TWR Lighting Inc

MONITORING STATIONSGridPlex Networks

Mobile Mark


NAVIGATIONAL AIDSEnergy Applications Inc

PV CELL/MODULE

MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENTAngstrom Sciences

Comdel Inc

Dark Field Technologies Inc

Dupont Photovoltaic Solutions


Corp

Leybold Optics USA

MAG


Reis Robotics USA Inc

Spire Corp

Westinghouse Solar

OTHERAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers

- ASME

Angstrom Sciences

Conservation Services Group Inc

Custom Rollforming Corp

DuraComm Lighting

Fibox Enclosures

FLEXcon

KACO new energy Inc


Solar Source

PV-HYDROGEN APPLICATIONSInterPhases Solar Inc


Solar Tracking by SolaRichard

REFRIGERATIONSolar Electric Light Fund


ROOF TILESInterPhases Solar Inc

TE Connectivity

RURAL ELECTRIFICATIONClean Power Works

Great Plains Power

SMA America LLC


Solar Liberty

SolFocus Inc

SOLAR-POWERED CARSHocking County Community Improvement

Corp


SPACE TECHNOLOGYBreaux Consulting



STAND-ALONE SYSTEMSAbraham Solar Equipment

Alpha Energy


Beyond Oil Solar

Blue Sky Energy

IMO USA Corp



NEA-ESCO


Positive Energy Inc

PPC Solar




SOL Inc

Stellar Sun


TELECOMMUNICATIONSBlue Sky Energy


Great Plains Power


Mobile Mark

OFS Fitel LLC


WATER PUMPINGAbraham Solar Equipment

African Energy

Beyond Oil Solar

DPW Solar

IMO USA Corp

Positive Energy Inc




SOL Inc

EQUIPMENT

ARRAY SUPPORT

STRUCTURESAlbasolar LLC


Build Group Inc

Great Plains Power

Hydro Aluminum

Pfi ster Energy Inc


Solairgen

Solar Liberty

ARRAYSBeyond Oil Solar

DUNMORE Corp

PPC Solar

Solar Illuminations


SolFocus Inc

Stellar Sun

BATTERIESAfrican Energy

Energy Conservation Services of North

Florida - ECS

Great Plains Power

Solairgen


Trojan Battery Co

Tungstone Power Inc

CABLINGEnergy Power Systems

FiberSavvy.com

General Cable

OFS Fitel LLC

Stellar Sun

TE Connectivity

CELLSAixtron Inc

Bosch Thermotechnology Corp

Canadian Solar Inc


Global Wedge Inc


PV Cells & Materials

Spire Corp

CHARGE CONTROLLERSAfrican Energy

Albasolar LLC

Blue Sky Energy


Florida - ECS

Energy Power Systems

Morningstar Corp

COATING EQUIPMENTLeybold Optics USA

CONCENTRATORSDUNMORE Corp

Global Wedge Inc

Science Applications International Corp

SolFocus Inc

DATA LOGGERSCAS Data Loggers

NRG Systems Inc

GENERATOR CONTROLLERSAlbasolar LLC

Basler Electric Co

Great Plains Power


INGOTSGT Advanced Technologies

INVERTERSAPtronic AG

Basler Electric Co

Beyond Oil Solar

Electronic Drives & Controls

Enphase Energy Inc

Fronius USA LLC

groSolar

Growatt New Energy North America

KACO new energy Inc

MAGE SOLAR Inc


Morningstar Corp


Sanrex Corp

SMA America LLC

Solairgen

SolarBridge Technologies

Solar Liberty


Sound Power Inc

Stellar Sun

Tungstone Power Inc

LOW-VOLTAGE DC EQUIPMENTElectronic Drives & Controls



MODULESAfrican Energy

Albasolar LLC

Bosch Thermotechnology Corp

Canadian Solar Inc


DUNMORE Corp


Global Wedge Inc

Great Plains Power

groSolar

MAGE SOLAR Inc



Pfi ster Energy Inc


Sanrex Corp

Solar Liberty

SolFocus Inc

Sound Power Inc

Spire Corp

Trina Solar US Inc

Westinghouse Solar

MONITORING EQUIPMENTAlbasolar LLC

Basler Electric Co


Enphase Energy Inc

Fibox Enclosures

Lufft USA Inc


MKS Instruments Inc



SolarBridge Technologies

OTHERComdel Inc

Cryofab Inc


DUNMORE Corp


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CLASSIFIED LISTING


ERICO International Corp


Fibox Enclosures

FLEXcon


Hollaender Manufacturing

Lufft USA Inc

LumaSense Technologies Inc

Madico Inc

MAGE SOLAR Inc


Schletter Inc


US Digital

PUMPSSolar Water Technologies Inc

SOLAR RADIATION

MEASURINGLufft USA Inc


TESTING EQUIPMENTAtlas Material Testing Technology


MKS Instruments Inc



Tungstone Power Inc

WAFERSCanadian Solar Inc


SERVICES

CERTIFICATIONNorth American Board of Certifi ed Energy

Practitioners - NABCEP

UL



ImagineSolar

KEMA Inc

Lotus Energy Inc

J Maurits Consulting


Navigant


NEA-ESCO

Pfi ster Energy Inc

SEADS Solar

Siliconsultant


Solutions in Solar Electricity


Sunnyside Solar Inc


CONTRACT R&DClean Power Works

Dow Corning Corp

Leybold Optics USA

RTI International

SEADS Solar

Siliconsultant



DATA LOGGINGFronius USA LLC

DESIGNBuild Group Inc


DPW Solar


Great Plains Power

GT Advanced Technologies

Harris Group

ImagineSolar


Lotus Energy Inc


NEA-ESCO




Solar Electric


SOLON


Spire Corp

Sundance Solar Designs

Sunnyside Solar Inc


FEASIBILITY STUDIESClean Power Works

groSolar

Harris Group

PowerPod Corp


Siliconsultant






3TIER Inc

FINANCIAL ADVICEBlack & Veatch Corp

INFORMATIONAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers

- ASME

DuraComm Lighting

Green Epiphany

North American Board of Certifi ed Energy


Siliconsultant



INSTALLATIONAspen Solar Inc

Build Group Inc

DPW Solar

Eastern Energy Systems Inc


Florida - ECS


ImagineSolar


Lotus Energy Inc



Positive Energy Inc

PowerPod Corp

PPC Solar





Solar Electric


SolFocus Inc

SOLON


Sound Power Inc

Sunnyside Solar Inc


MAINTENANCEGreat Plains Power

Lotus Energy Inc

Spire Corp

Sunnyside Solar Inc

MONITORINGEnphase Energy Inc

Fronius USA LLC




SOLON

Westinghouse Solar

OTHERAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers

- ASME

FLEXcon

GCube Insurance Services Inc

North American Board of Certifi ed Energy


PathSource Partners


PRODUCT SOURCINGBuild Group Inc

DuraComm Lighting

Solar Electric

Stellar Sun

PROJECT MANAGEMENTBuild Group Inc

ImagineSolar



PowerPod Corp

PPC Solar

Solar Electric


SOLON



SUPPLIERS OF SYSTEMS AND

COMPONENTSaltPOWER Inc

APtronic AG


DPW Solar

Global Wedge Inc


groSolar

IMO USA Corp

Lotus Energy Inc

OFS Fitel LLC

Positive Energy Inc

PowerPod Corp



Solar Electric

Solar Liberty

Solar Source

SolFocus Inc

SOLON


Sound Power Inc


TRAININGCentroSolar America Inc

Fronius USA LLC

ImagineSolar

SMA America LLC

Sunnyside Solar Inc

SOLAR THERMAL

APPLICATIONS

AIR CONDITIONINGPDM Solar Inc

COOLING SYSTEMSConTechs Engineering Design Inc

PDM Solar Inc

DISTRICT HEATINGAlternate Energy Technologies LLC

DOMESTIC HOT WATERAO Smith

Clean Power Works



Solairgen


Solar Rating and Certifi cation Corp SRCC

Stellar Sun

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS HEATSolarH2OT Ltd


LARGE SCALE WATER

HEATINGGreenSpark Innovations LLC


Pfi ster Energy Inc

Radford Industries Inc


OTHERCustom Rollforming Corp

Hydro Aluminum

PACKAGED SYSTEMSAO Smith


POWER GENERATIONBlack & Veatch Corp





SELF-ASSEMBLY SYSTEMSAlternate Energy Technologies LLC

MAG

SolarH2OT Ltd

SPACE HEATINGClean Power Works





SWIMMING POOL SYSTEMSJohnson Controls Inc



Sun King Inc

EQUIPMENT

ABSORBER SURFACESAlternate Energy Technologies LLC

Thermafi n Manufacturing

COLLECTORSAO Smith


SOLARHOT

Stellar Sun

US Digital


CONCENTRATORSGlobal Wedge Inc

Leybold Optics USA

Refl ecTech Inc


US Digital

CONTROLLERSElectronic Drives & Controls

FactoryNetwork Inc



Rose Industrial Marketing Inc


SOLARHOT

HEAT EXCHANGERSJoseph Oat Corp

Sun King Inc

HEAT STORAGENorth Canyon Solar and Plumbing Inc

HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENTFactoryNetwork Inc

Schutte & Koerting

Thermafi n Manufacturing

HELIOSTATSScience Applications International Corp

TE Connectivity

US Digital

MONITORING EQUIPMENTCAS Data Loggers

FactoryNetwork Inc

Lufft USA Inc





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CLASSIFIED LISTING


OTHERCustom Rollforming Corp


Fibox Enclosures



MTC Transformers


Refl ecTech Inc

Schletter Inc


Tech Products Inc

US Digital

PUMPSAO Smith

Flowserve Corp




Stellar Sun

REFLECTORSLeybold Optics USA

SOLAR RADIATION

MEASURINGSolar Consulting Services - SCS

SOLARIMETERSRose Industrial Marketing Inc

STORAGE TANKSAO Smith

Fisher Tank Co


Tank Connection Affi liate Group

TEMPERATURE MEASURING

EQUIPMENTElan Technical Corp


S-Products Inc

THERMOSIPHONING SYSTEMSLumaSense Technologies Inc

THERMOSTATSAlternate Energy Technologies LLC




SERVICES

CERTIFICATIONAspen Solar Inc





Ecology & Environment Inc


Sargent & Lundy LLC

SolarH2OT Ltd


CONTRACT R&DAspen Solar Inc

Dow Corning Corp

DATA LOGGINGLogic Beach Inc


DESIGNAlternate Energy Technologies LLC





SOLARHOT




FEASIBILITY STUDIESClean Power Works


3TIER Inc


INSTALLATIONAspen Solar Inc

Black & Veatch Corp




Florida - ECS

Maven Power



Trina Solar US Inc

MAINTENANCEFlowserve Corp


SOLARHOT

OTHERPathSource Partners



PRODUCT SOURCINGSolarH2OT Ltd



Clean Power Works

Maven Power

Schneider Electric

SolarH2OT Ltd

REPAIRAspen Solar Inc

SOFTWARERouteRite.com Service Route Billing

Software

SUPPLIERS OF EQUIPMENT

AND COMPONENTSHeritage Energy Solutions LLC


Sun King Inc

TESTINGBoyle Energy Services & Technology

TRAININGCentroSolar America Inc

SOLARHOT

WAVE AND TIDAL ENERGY

EQUIPMENT

GENERATORSFactoryNetwork Inc

INERJY

Waveberg Development Ltd

OFFSHORE DEVICESDresser-Rand

INERJY

Joseph Oat Corp

Trelleborg Offshore

Waveberg Development Ltd


Cryofab Inc

Fibox Enclosures

Hilliard Corp

PUMPSFactoryNetwork Inc

TURBINESFactoryNetwork Inc

Verdant Power Inc


Schutte & Koerting

SERVICES




Verdant Power Inc

CONTRACT R&DVerdant Power Inc

DESIGNVerdant Power Inc

ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORINGEcology & Environment Inc

Verdant Power Inc

FEASIBILITY STUDIESMurphy International Development LLC

Verdant Power Inc

FINANCIAL ADVICEMorrison & Kibbey Ltd

INSTALLATIONVerdant Power Inc

OTHERHilliard Corp

PathSource Partners

PROJECT MANAGEMENTOcean Renewable Energy Systems Corp

- ORES

Verdant Power Inc

WIND ENERGY

APPLICATIONS

BATTERY CHARGINGBay Winds

ENECO Texas LLC




TechnoSpin

US Battery

VQ Wind

Windurance

GRID-CONNECTED SYSTEMSBay Winds

Clipper Windpower Inc

Dow Wire & Cable


Corp

HYTORC

Maxwell Technologies Inc


Parker Precision Cooling Systems



Seventh Generation Energy Systems Inc




UL

VQ Wind

Wanzek Construction Inc

WSB - Hawaii

HYBRID SYSTEMSBay Winds

ENECO Texas LLC




LIGHTINGENECO Texas LLC

INNOTRONIKS

TechnoSpin

TWR Lighting Inc

MARINEENECO Texas LLC

Sun Solar

Trelleborg Offshore

OFFSHORE WINDDow Wire & Cable

ENECO Texas LLC

HYTORC



Trelleborg Offshore

TWR Lighting Inc


OTHERAmerican Roller Bearing Co Inc

Fibox Enclosures

Hansen Transmissions Inc

Hempel USA

Hilliard Corp



Trelleborg Offshore

PUMPINGENECO Texas LLC

John Crane

TechnoSpin

SEAWATER DESALINATIONJamison Products LP

STAND-ALONE SYSTEMSAbraham Solar Equipment

Bay Winds


ENECO Texas LLC

HYTORC





Vector Systems Inc


TELECOMMUNICATIONSAmerican Council On Renewable Energy

(ACORE)

ENECO Texas LLC

Mobile Mark

TechnoSpin

TWR Lighting Inc

EQUIPMENT

BATTERIESBergey Windpower Co Inc



Tungstone Power Inc

US Battery

BLADE PROTECTIONERICO International Corp

Windurance

BLADESMAG

Oklahoma Department Of Commerce

UL

BRAKESHilliard Corp

Tribco Inc

Windurance


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CLASSIFIED LISTING


CABLINGGeneral Cable

Telefonika Cable Americas

CLUTCHESHilliard Corp

Tribco Inc

CONTROLLERSMaxwell Technologies Inc

Moog Inc


Tier Electronics

UL

Vector Systems Inc

DATA LOGGERSCAS Data Loggers

Logic Beach Inc


DIRECTION AND WINDSPEED

SENSORS; ANEMOMETERSRemtech Inc

FOUNDATIONSMortenson Construction


GEAR UNITSClipper Windpower Inc

Hansen Transmissions Inc

GENERATORSINERJY

IntelLiDrives Inc

MAG



HORIZONTAL AXIS LARGE

TURBINES (>1 MW)UL

WSB - Hawaii

HORIZONTAL AXIS MEDIUM

TURBINES (100 KW TO 1 MW)INERJY


HORIZONTAL AXIS SMALL

TURBINES (5 TO 99 KW)Bay Winds

Bergey Windpower Co Inc


- ORES

UL

VAWT Manufacturing Inc

HORIZONTAL AXIS VERY

SMALL TURBINES (<5 KW)Sierra Solar Systems


HUBSMAG

HYDRAULIC SYSTEMSMoog Inc

INVERTERSBergey Windpower Co Inc



SMA America LLC

Tungstone Power Inc

UL


MONITORING EQUIPMENTBalmac Inc

LUDECA Inc

Lufft USA Inc



NRG Systems Inc

OFS Fitel LLC



American Roller Bearing Co Inc


DeWind Inc

Doty Windfuels

Elspec North America

ERICO International Corp

Fibox Enclosures

Firetrace International


HYTORC

IMO USA Corp


MTC Transformers

Northern Power Systems


Remtech Inc

RUD Chain Inc

Snap-on Industrial


Tech Products Inc

TOWERSMilwaukee Resistor Corp

NRG Systems Inc


TWR Lighting Inc

VERTICAL AXIS LARGE

TURBINES (>1 MW)Murphy International Development LLC

VERTICAL AXIS MEDIUM

TURBINES (100 KW TO 1 MW)Murphy International Development LLC

VERTICAL AXIS SMALL

TURBINES (5 TO 99 KW)UL


VQ Wind

VERTICAL AXIS VERY SMALL

TURBINES (<5 KW)Synergy International Inc


SERVICES

CERTIFICATIONAlternative Energy Institute

DNV Global Energy Concepts

WindGuard North America Inc

CONSULTANCYAirfoils Inc

Barr Engineering Co

Black & Veatch Corp



Clean Power Works



ENECO Texas LLC

KEMA Inc

MasTec North America Inc


Navigant

Pfi ster Energy Inc


Sargent & Lundy LLC

Vestas


Windland Inc

WindLogics Inc

CONTRACT R&DAirfoils Inc


RTI International

DATA ANALYSISAlternative Energy Institute



3TIER Inc

WindLogics Inc

DATA LOGGINGAlternative Energy Institute

EnerNex Corp



DESIGNAdros Energy

Airfoils Inc

Alpha Energy

altPOWER Inc







RES Americas


Vestas


Windland Inc

WindLogics Inc

Windurance

DISTRIBUTIONHYTORC


DOCUMENTATIONPaul Gipe

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENTEcology & Environment Inc

Paul Gipe

FEASIBILITY STUDIESAdros Energy





3TIER Inc


WindLogics Inc

FINANCIAL ADVICEClipper Windpower Inc

England Securities LLC

Guascor Inc


Point Eight Power Inc

INFORMATIONBay Winds

Paul Gipe


INSTALLATIONAdros Energy

altPOWER Inc




MJ Electric LLC



System One

VQ Wind



MONITORINGLUDECA Inc

NRG Systems Inc



System One



DeWind Inc

Doty Windfuels

Hempel USA

Hilliard Corp


Northern Power Systems


PathSource Partners

RES Americas




PLANNING PERMISSIONClipper Windpower Inc

Green Epiphany

Guascor Inc

PRODUCT SOURCINGBay Winds

Windurance

PROJECT MANAGEMENTClipper Windpower Inc


NAES Corp

System One

Windland Inc

WSB - Hawaii

REPAIRAdros Energy

Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc

Hempel USA

NAES Corp


SITE EVALUATIONClipper Windpower Inc



Windland Inc

WindLogics Inc

SOFTWAREIconics Inc


Software

TESTINGAirfoils Inc

Alternative Energy Institute



Paul Gipe


UL

TRAININGAdros Energy

Alternative Energy Institute




Paul Gipe

TURBINE DESIGNClipper Windpower Inc

DeWind Inc


WIND FARM DEVELOPMENTClipper Windpower Inc

ENECO Texas LLC


RES Americas


TechnoSpin

Vestas

Windland Inc

WIND TUNNEL ANALYSISAirfoils Inc

NRG Systems Inc



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A-Z LISTINGS

A-Z LISTING


A

ABRAHAM SOLAR EQUIPMENT124 Creekside Pl, Pagosa Springs, CO 81147

CONTACT: Mick Abraham

TEL: +1 970 731 4675

FAX: +1 970 731 3292

[email protected]

www.abrahamsolar.com

Provides micro-cogen and other site-based

electrical systems.

ADROS ENERGY8 Manchester St, Nashua, NH 03060

TEL: +1 603 880 6007

[email protected]

www.adrosenergy.com

Specializes in the design, sales, installation

and service of renewable energy systems.

ADVANCED ALTERNATIVE

ENERGY CORP1207 N 1800 Rd, Lawrence, KS 66049

CONTACT: Les Blevins

TEL: +1 785 842 1943

FAX: +1 785 842 0909

[email protected]

www.aaecorp.com

Develops and licenses biomass energy

combustion pyrolysis and gasifi cation

systems and technology.

ADVANCED FILTRATION

CONCEPTS INC7111 Telegraph Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90640

CONTACT: Teri Moyer

TEL: +1 323 832 8316

FAX: +1 323 832 8318

[email protected]

www.advfiltration.com

Provides high effi ciency, low back pressure

gas turbine inlet air fi lters.

ADVANCED OPTICS INCPO Box 117, Pewaukee, WI 53072-0117

CONTACT: Wendy Heil

TEL: +1 262 548 1155

FAX: +1 262 548 1153

[email protected]

www.advancedoptics.com

Manufactures precision and custom optical

fl ats, mirrors, optical windows, and specialty

optics. From commercial fl atness to 1/20

wave, many of the catalog optics are in stock

for immediate delivery.

AEGIS BEARING PROTECTION

RINGS(sub of Illinois Tool Works), 31 Winterbrook

Rd, Mechanic Falls, ME 04256

CONTACT: Adam Willwerth

TEL: +1 207 998 5140

FAX: +1 207 998 5143

[email protected]

www.est-aegis.com

Offers the AEGIS SGR conductive microfi ber

bearing protection rings, which extend motor

life by channeling VFD-induced shaft current

safely to ground before it can damage

bearings.

AEI SYSTEMS5933 W Century Blvd, Suite 1100, Los

Angeles, CA 90045

CONTACT: Charles Hymowitz

TEL: +1 310 216 1144

[email protected]

www.aeng.com

Performs worst-case circuit analysis for

power, linear, and RF systems, and MTBF,

FMECA, stress, signal integrity and radiation

analysis. Offers SPICE modeling.

AERODERIVATIVE GAS

TURBINE SUPPORT INC1141 S Rogers Cir, Suite 11, Boca Raton,

FL 33487

CONTACT: Alan Mibab

TEL: +1 561 994 0000

FAX: +1 561 994 3600

[email protected]

www.agtsi.com

Provides replacement and upgrade parts for

gas turbine engines worldwide. This includes

on-engine, off-engine, and package parts

for LM2500, LM5000, LM6000, LMS100 and

FT4/GG4.

AFFORDABLE WIPERS9145 Wallisville Rd, Houston, TX 77029

CONTACT: Shah Asif

TEL: +1 832 228 3825

[email protected]

www.affordablewipers.com

Brings years of specialised experience to the

wiping rags and cleaning materials industry.

AFRICAN ENERGY237 S Miller Ln, PO Box 664, St David,

AZ 85630

CONTACT: Lincoln Dahl

TEL: +1 520 720 9475

FAX: +1 520 720 9527

[email protected]

www.africanenergy.com

Distributes renewable energy and power

backup components to African companies,

including PV, inverters, batteries, water

pumps, lighting, and refrigeration. One-stop

supplier for the trade focusing only on Africa.

AGGREKO COOLING TOWER

SERVICES1335 Hwy 62, PO Box 627, Chickasha,

OK 73018

TEL: +1 405 224 5301

FAX: +1 405 224 5352

[email protected]

www.aggreko-cooling-tower-rentals.com

Focuses on solving cooling water limitations

using rental cooling towers.

AGRIPOWER INC46 Deepdale Dr, Great Neck, NY 11021

CONTACT: Barry Berman

TEL: +1 516 829 2000

FAX: +1 516 487 3163

[email protected]

www.agripower.com

Provides modular, transportable 300 kW/hr

biomass waste-to-energy combined heat/

power units.

AIRFOILS INC122 Rose Dr, Port Matilda, PA 16870-7535

CONTACT: Dan Somers

TEL: +1 814 357 0500

FAX: +1 814 357 0357

[email protected]

www.airfoils.com

Offers airfoil design, analysis, and wind-

tunnel testing. Designed and tested

S801-S836 wind turbine airfoils.

AIXTRON INC1139 Karlstad Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94089

TEL: +1 408 747 7140

FAX: +1 408 747 7198

[email protected]

www.aixtron.com

Supplies CVD technology.

ALBASOLAR LLC185 Devonshire St, Suite 601, Boston,

MA 02110

CONTACT: Juan Ramón Álvarez

TEL: +1 703 542 3554

FAX: +1 617 523 6324

[email protected]

www.albasolar.us

Offers a complete source for photovoltaic

products for installers and resellers.

ALGAEWHEEL TECHNOLOGIES

LLC9333 N Meridian St, Suite 108, Indianapolis,

IN 46260

TEL: +1 877 254 94335

[email protected]

www.algaewheel.com

Provides cutting-edge wastewater treatment

systems that integrate algae with bacteria to

provide high-quality effl uent. The systems are

environmentally friendly, and less costly to

build and operate.

ALPHA ENERGY(div of Alpha Technologies Services Inc),

1628 W Williams Dr, Phoenix, AZ 85027

CONTACT: Larry Madsen

TEL: +1 623 251 3000

FAX: +1 623 249 7833

[email protected]

www.alpha.com/solar

Provides full-service engineering and

project development and recognized as a

market innovator in packaging renewable

energy technologies. Developers of turnkey

photovoltaic systems for commercial,

residential, institutional and remote (off-grid)

applications.

ALTERNATE ENERGY

TECHNOLOGIES LLC1057 N Ellis Rd Unit 4, Jacksonville,

FL 32254

CONTACT: John Byrom

TEL: +1 904 781 8305

FAX: +1 904 781 1911

[email protected]

www.aetsolar.com

Provides complete solar water heaters

for industrial, commercial and domestic

applications.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

INSTITUTEW Texas A&M University, PO Box 60248 WT,

Canyon, TX 79016

CONTACT: Byungik Chang

TEL: +1 806 651 2295

FAX: +1 806 651 2733

[email protected]

www.windenergy.org

Tests, designs and trains in renewables,

primarily wind energy. The institute has

worked with 80 system prototypes and fi rst

production units to improve designs.

ALTPOWER INC125 Maiden Ln, Suite 307, New York,

NY 10038

CONTACT: Anthony Pereira

TEL: +1 212 206 0022

FAX: +1 212 206 0893

[email protected]

www.altpower.com

Provides renewable energy systems, design

and integration.

ALTURDYNE660 Steele St, El Cajon, CA 92020

CONTACT: Frank Verbeke

TEL: +1 614 440 5531

FAX: +1 614 442 0481

[email protected]

www.alturdyne.com

Provides custom assembles power units to 2

MW using engines and turbines.


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http://www.qmags.com/clickthrough.asp?url=www.affordablewipers.com&id=16781&adid=PUS_42E15

http://www.qmags.com/clickthrough.asp?url=www.advfiltration.com&id=16781&adid=PUS_42E14

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A-Z LISTING


AMBASSADOR HEAT

TRANSFER CO10080 Alliance Rd, Cincinnati, OH 45242

TEL: +1 513 792 9800

FAX: +1 513 792 9933

[email protected]

www.ambassadorco.com

Engineers and manufactures surface

condensers and heat exchangers.

AMEC E&C SERVICES1979 Lakeside Pkwy, Suite 400, Tucker,

GA 30084

CONTACT: Fadi Ashy

TEL: +1 770 688 2500

FAX: +1 770 688 2910

[email protected]

www.amec.com

Supplies high-value consultancy, engineering

and project management services to the

world’s natural resources, nuclear, clean

energy, water and environmental sectors.

AMERICAN COUNCIL ON

RENEWABLE ENERGY (ACORE)PO Box 33518, Washington, DC 20033-3518

CONTACT: Tom Weirich

TEL: +1 202 393 0001

FAX: +1 202 393 0606

[email protected]

www.acore.org

Provides energy effi ciency information

for consumers, energy professionals and

policymakers.

AMERICAN HEAT AND POWER

LLC16225 Park Ten Pl Dr, Suite 500, Houston,

TX 77084

CONTACT: Darren Habetz

TEL: +1 281 994 4122

FAX: +1 281 994 4123

[email protected]

www.americanheatandpower.com

Offers renewable, alternative waste energy

solutions, biosolids energy and CHP.

AMERICAN MOISTENING CO -

AMCO10402 Rodney St, PO Box 1066, Pineville,

NC 28134

CONTACT: Michael E. Fonzo

TEL: +1 704 889 7281

FAX: +1 704 889 7270

[email protected]

www.amco.com

Offers custom designed fogging systems and

ancillary equipment for combustion turbine

inlet air.

AMERICAN PULVERIZER CO1319 Macklind Ave, St Louis, MO 63110

CONTACT: James Holder

TEL: +1 314 781 6100

FAX: +1 314 781 9209

[email protected]

www.ampulverizer.com

Manufactures reduction equipment and

supplies industrial processes and equipment.

AMERICAN ROLLER BEARING

CO INC400 2nd Ave NW, Hickory, NC 28061

CONTACT: Jean Pierre Martineau

TEL: +1 412 952 2004

FAX: +1 828 624 1461

[email protected]

www.amroll.com

Manufactures cylindrical and tapered roller

bearings up to 84” diameter in a variety of

types and confi gurations, along with ball and

spherical plain bearings.

AMERICAN SENSOR

TECHNOLOGIES450 Clark Dr, Mt Olive, NJ 07828

CONTACT: Karmjit Sidhu

TEL: +1 973 448 1901

FAX: +1 973 448 1905

[email protected]

www.astsensors.com

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF

MECHANICAL ENGINEERS -

ASME3 Park Ave, New York, NY 10016

CONTACT: Annette Missouri

TEL: +1 800 843 2763

FAX: +1 212 591 7061

[email protected]

www.asme.org

Serves 125,000 members worldwide. Offers

a broad range of products and services,

including codes and standards, mechanical

engineering magazine, public short courses,

and on-site training.

AMETEK POWER

INSTRUMENTS255 N Union St, Rochester, NY 14605

CONTACT: Joe Ostrowsky

TEL: +1 585 263 7700

FAX: +1 585 262 4777

[email protected]

www.ametekpower.com

Offers revenue/panel meters, power quality

monitors, annunciators, fault recorders,

substation monitors, pressure transducers,

communication fi ber optic/access

multiplexers, narrowband power-line carrier

for power measurement, power recording,

power quality and alarm monitoring.

AMPIRICAL SOLUTIONS LLC661 River Highlands Blvd, Covington,

LA 70433

CONTACT: Dave Mitchell

TEL: +1 985 809 5240

FAX: +1 985 809 5250

[email protected]

www.ampirical.com

ANDY J EGAN CO INC2001 Waldorf NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49544

TEL: +1 616 791 9952

FAX: +1 616 791 1037

[email protected]

www.andyegan.com

Offers ASME code welded pipe spools and

custom, turnkey skid packages, such as

CIP skids, fi lter packages, steam stations,

heat exchanger packages, code vessels,

and more.

ANGSTROM SCIENCES40 S Linden St, Duquesne, PA 15110

CONTACT: Mark Bernick

TEL: +1 412 469 8466

FAX: +1 412 469 8511

[email protected]

www.angstromsciences.com

Manufactures magnetron sputtering

cathodes and PVD materials for thin-fi lm

deposition.

AO SMITHWater Products Company Div, 500 Tennessee

Waltz Pkwy, Ashland City, TN 37015

TEL: +1 800 527 1953

FAX: +1 615 792 2163

www.hotwater.com

Manufactures and markets residential and

commercial water heaters and hydronic

boilers.

APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES INC16815 W Wisconsin Ave, Brookfield,

WI 53005

CONTACT: Dennis Totzke

TEL: +1 262 784 7690

FAX: +1 262 784 6847

www.ati-ae.com

Offers engineering and architectural

consulting, specializing in biogas utilization.

APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS891 S Lake Rd, Middlesex, NY 14507

TEL: +1 585 554 4192

FAX: +1 585 554 4971

[email protected]

www.appliedthermodynamics.com

Offers consulting engineering in renewable

and green energy.

APTRONIC AG308 Hibernia Rd, Salt Point, NY 12578

TEL: +1 845 266 9209

[email protected]

www.aptronic-solar.com

Specialises in high-quality solutions of

power electronics and services at attractive

prices. Develops and manufactures

high-performance and customer-oriented

micro-inverters, along with compatible

communication solutions.

AQUATECHOne Four Coins Dr, Canonsburg, PA 15317

CONTACT: Patrick Randall

TEL: +1 724 746 5300

FAX: +1 724 746 5359

[email protected]

www.aquatech.com

Offers integrated solutions for water and

wastewater treatment for the industrial and

infrastructure markets: pretreatment, ion

exchange, membrane processes, wastewater

recycle/reuse, desalination and ZLD.

ARGUSON332 Nichol Mill Ln, Franklin, TN 37067

TEL: +1 615 503 2000

FAX: +1 615 261 2600

[email protected]

www.arguson.com

Offers the ArgusON solar power manager,

designed to support system owners,

integrators and PPA providers as a highly

effective solution offering active monitoring

and proactive solar site management.

ARKEMA INC900 First Ave, King of Prussia, PA 19406

TEL: +1 610 205 7000

FAX: +1 610 205 7913

[email protected]

www.arkema-inc.com

Produces industrial chemicals, including

acrylics, PMMA, thiochemicals,

fl uorochemicals, and hydrogen peroxide

and of performance products like technical

polymers, specialty chemical organic

peroxides and additives.

ARRAY TECHNOLOGIES INC3312 Stanford NE, Albuquerque, NM 87107

CONTACT: Michael Reed

TEL: +1 505 881 7567

FAX: +1 505 881 7572

[email protected]

www.arraytechinc.com

Manufactures Duratrack-HZ solar trackers

for utility applications, and Wattsun solar

trackers for small commercial and residential

applications.

ASPEN SOLAR INCPO Box 2391, Aspen, CO 81612

CONTACT: Mike Tierney

TEL: +1 970 925 3659

FAX: +1 970 925 3659

[email protected]

www.aspensolar.com

Designs, installs and consults in solar thermal

and electrical systems.

ASPEN WATER INC1300 E Arapaho Rd, Suite 208, Richardson,

TX 75081-2445

CONTACT: Kimberly Atchley

TEL: +1 972 680 0006

FAX: +1 972 680 0032

[email protected]

www.aspenwater.com

Offers solar powered water purifi cation.

ATLAS MATERIAL TESTING

TECHNOLOGY4114 N Ravenswood Ave, Chicago, IL 60613

TEL: +1 773 327 4520

FAX: +1 773 327 5787

[email protected]

www.atlas-mts.com

Provides testing solutions to determine how

long a product will last.

AVIDA AMERICAS LLC146 E 84th St, Suite 3, New York, NY 10028

CONTACT: James Lassner

TEL: +1 646 259 0000

FAX: +1 646 259 0001

[email protected]

www.avidaamericas.com

Offers customised reclamation and recycling

programs for nonferrous metals, catalysts,

residues and more.

B

BALMAC INC8205 Estates Pkwy, Suite N, Plain City,

OH 43064-8080

CONTACT: Steve Crawford

TEL: +1 614 873 8222

FAX: +1 614 873 2519

[email protected]

www.balmacinc.com

Manufactures vibration meters, analyzers,

monitors, sensors, transmitters, switches

and more.

BARR ENGINEERING CO4700 W 77th St, Suite 200, Minneapolis,

MN 55435-4803

CONTACT: William Forsmark

TEL: +1 952 832 2600

FAX: +1 952 832 2601

[email protected]

www.barr.com

Offers engineering design and environmental

permitting for industrial clients nationwide.

BASLER ELECTRIC CO12570 State Rt 143, Highland, IL 62249-1074

CONTACT: Ken Rhodes

TEL: +1 618 654 2341

FAX: +1 618 654 2351

[email protected]

www.basler.com

Designs and manufactures photovotaic

inverters, excitation systems, and

multifunction relay systems for solar, hydro

and wind applications.


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A-Z LISTING


BATTIC DOOR ENERGY

CONSERVATION PRODUCTSPO Box 15, Mansfield, MA 02048-0015

CONTACT: Mark Tyrol

TEL: +1 508 320 9082

[email protected]

www.batticdoor.com

Manufactures and distributes low-cost

residential energy conservation products.

BAY WINDS2410 W Charles St, Appleton, WI 54914

CONTACT: Douglas Johnson

TEL: +1 920 257 2529

[email protected]

www.baywinds.com

Supplies small grid-interconnect, horizontal

axis and up-wind wind turbines.

BD CONSULTING AND

INVESTIGATIONS INC4075 Evergreen Village Sq, Suite 160-116,

San Jose, CA 95135

TEL: +1 408 270 2139

FAX: +1 408 270 2217

[email protected]

www.bdcon.net

Provides business risk management

with emphasis on renewable energy and

technology.

BEKAERT CEB

TECHNOLOGIES1000 Cobb Pl Blvd, Bldg 100, Suite 130,

Kenneshaw, GA 30144

TEL: +1 770 514 2215

FAX: +1 770 423 9181

[email protected]

www.bekaert.com/flaring

Keeps the environment clean when burning

waste gases.

BELLEFLEX TECHNOLOGIES

LLC559 Freeport Rd, Freeport, PA 16229

CONTACT: Frank Ballina

TEL: +1 724 540 5053

FAX: +1 724 540 5053

[email protected]

www.belleflex.com

Manufactures Belleville disc springs including

fl ange bolting, inch series bolt washers, ball

bearing disc springs, metric fasteners, metric

series Bellevilles, and custom products.

Plating available. Free engineering support.

BELLSTAR RESEARCH

LABORATORIES13208 Roselle Ave, Hawthorne, CA 90250

CONTACT: D DeBlair

TEL: +1 415 305 4226

[email protected]

Provides research and development of new

waste cogeneration methods for electricity

and hydrogen.

BERGEY WINDPOWER CO INC2200 Industrial Blvd, Norman, OK 73069

CONTACT: Steve Wilke

TEL: +1 405 364 4212

FAX: +1 405 364 2078

[email protected]

www.bergey.com

Offers small wind turbines for rural

electrifi cation, telecommunications, pumping

and grid-intertie applications.

BEYOND OIL SOLAR49 Morning Sun Ave, Mill Valley, CA 94941

CONTACT: Daniel Rivest

TEL: +1 415 388 0838

FAX: +1 415 389 1373

[email protected]

www.beyondoilsolar.com

Resells alternative energy equipment,

including photovoltaic modules.

BLACK & VEATCH CORPB&V Energy Div, 11401 Lamar Ave, Overland

Park, KS 66211

CONTACT: John Felski

TEL: +1 913 458 2000

www.bv.com

Offers global engineering, consulting and

construction specializing in infrastructure

development.

BLUE HARBOR ENERGY INC636 W Water St, Hancock, MI 49930

CONTACT: Bruce Woodry

TEL: +1 906 483 0406

[email protected]

www.blueharborenergy.com

Provides co-development assistance

for energy savings, waste recovery and

renewable energy projects.

BLUE SKY ENERGY2598 Fortune Way, Suite K, Vista, CA 92081

CONTACT: Melanie Cullen

TEL: +1 760 597 1642

FAX: +1 760 597 1731

[email protected]

www.blueskyenergyinc.com

Manufactures Solar Boost MPPT solar

charge controllers. Designed for off grid

and battery based systems for commercial,

industrial and consumer applications since

1998.

BONNEVILLE POWER

ADMINISTRATIONPO Box 3621, Portland, OR 97232-4170

CONTACT: Debra Malin

TEL: +1 503 230 5701

FAX: +1 503 230 3681

[email protected]

www.bpa.gov

Offers a federal power marketing agency.

BOSCH THERMOTECHNOLOGY

CORP50 Wentworth Ave, Londonderry, NH 03053

CONTACT: Tara McNamara

TEL: +1 866 642 3198

FAX: +1 603 584 1681

[email protected]

www.bosch-climate.us

Provides sillicon-based photovoltaic

products.

BOYLE ENERGY SERVICES &

TECHNOLOGY28 Locke Rd, Concord, NH 03301

TEL: +1 877 825 6151

FAX: +1 603 227 5201

[email protected]

www.boyleenergy.com

Leads in energy commissioning innovation,

engineering, and service through technical

differentiation offering the fastest and most

effective cleaning and commissioning service

technique known as, SigmaSolar.

BREAUX CONSULTING11301 Lime Creek Rd, Leander, TX 78641

CONTACT: Paul Breaux

TEL: +1 512 249 1976

[email protected]

www.selfsufficientintexas.com

Consults in self-suffi ciency and solar building

design.

BRIDGESTONE ASSOCIATES

LTD6 Independence Way, Suite 100, Chadds

Ford, PA 19317

CONTACT: Martin Anderson

TEL: +1 610 388 6191

FAX: +1 610 388 0394

[email protected]

www.brdgstn.com

Consults, performs technical and economic

feasibility studies, prepares conceptual

designs and equipment selection, cost

estimates, develops and designs CHP and

solar thermal, PV, biomass, wind and other

renewable energy projects.

BRUSH TURBOGENERATORS

INC(div of BRUSH Turbogenerators), 15110

Northwest Freeway, Suite 150, Houston,

TX 77040

CONTACT: Derek King

TEL: +1 281 580 1314

FAX: +1 281 580 5801

[email protected]

www.brush.eu

Manufactures high-voltage synchronous

generators and power management systems.

BS ROTOR TECHNIC USA LLC(sub of BS Rotor Technic), 2200 E Winston

Rd, Anaheim, CA 92806

TEL: +1 888 447 6867

[email protected]

www.bs-rotor.com

Specialises in rotor blade repairs on-site.

BUILD GROUP INC457 Minna St, Suite 100, San Francisco,

CA 94103

TEL: +1 415 367 9399

[email protected]

www.buildgc.com

Provides design/build services for solar

support structures. The innovative patent

pending adaptable array product, Solumbria,

adjusts to fi t any PV module and offers

clients ultimate design fl exibility.

BUREAU VERITAS NORTH

AMERICA INC180 Promenade Cir, Suite 150, Sacramento,

CA 95834

TEL: +1 916 725 4200

FAX: +1 916 725 8242

www.bureauveritas.com

Provides full support to get compliant and

to reduce risks as far as quality, health

and safety and environmental issues are

concerned.

BURNDY47 E Industrial Park Dr, Manchester,

NH 03109

TEL: +1 603 647 5000

FAX: +1 603 647 5202

[email protected]

www.burndy.com

BURNS & MCDONNELLEnergy Div, 9400 Ward Pkwy, Kansas City,

MO 64114

CONTACT: Doug Riedel

TEL: +1 816 333 9400

FAX: +1 816 333 3690

[email protected]

www.burnsmcd.com

Provides fi nancial studies, planning,

environmental analysis and permitting,

design and construction management.

BURNS & MCDONNELL

ENGINEERING CO INC4742 N 24th St, Suite 355, Phoenix,

AZ 85016

TEL: +1 602 977 2623

FAX: +1 602 977 2660

[email protected]

www.burnsmcd.com

Plans, designs and constructs facilities

worldwide.

C

CALNETIX INC23695 Via Del Rio, Yorba Linda, CA 92887

CONTACT: Herman Artinian

TEL: +1 562 293 1660

FAX: +1 562 293 1661

[email protected]

www.calnetix.com

Manufactures high effi ciency electric PM

motor and generator systems.

CALNETIX POWER SOLUTIONS2901 SE Monroe St, Stuart, FL 34997

CONTACT: Wendy Holt

TEL: +1 772 219 9449

FAX: +1 772 219 9448

[email protected]

www.calnetixps.com

Provides cogeneration, green energy,

distributed generation and micro turbines.

CALRECOVERY INC2454 Stanwell Dr, Concord, CA 94520-4811

CONTACT: Luis Diaz

TEL: +1 925 356 3700

FAX: +1 925 356 7956

[email protected]

www.calrecovery.com

CAMBRIDGE PROJECT

DEVELOPMENT INC4851 SW 71 Pl, Miami, FL 33155

CONTACT: Adrian Enriquez

TEL: +1 305 926 3309

FAX: +1 305 356 3680

[email protected]

www.cambridgeprojectdev.com

Offers solid waste infrastructure (landfi lls,

recycling plants, transfer stations, waste-

to-energy plants) project development.

Consulting activities include solid waste

management master planning, feasibility

studies and turnkey project management.

CANADIAN SOLAR INC12657 Alcosta Blvd, Suite 140, San Ramon,

CA 94583

TEL: +1 925 866 2700

FAX: +1 925 866 2704

[email protected]

www.canadian-solar.com

Produces solar modules. Provides ingots,

wafers, solar cells, solar modules, solar

power systems and specialized solar

products.


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A-Z LISTING


CANYONWEST CASES LLCPO Box 19827, Fountain Hills, AZ 85269

CONTACT: Jim Smith

TEL: +1 480 816 9652

FAX: +1 206 203 0674

[email protected]

www.canyonwestcases.com

CAPSTONE TURBINE CORP21211 Nordhoff St, Chatsworth, CA 91311

CONTACT: Justin Rathke

TEL: +1 818 734 5300

FAX: +1 818 734 5385

[email protected]

www.capstoneturbine.com

Provides microturbine solutions easily

scalable for lows.

CAS DATA LOGGERS12628 Chillicothe Rd, Chesterland, OH 44026

CONTACT: Peter Marlin

TEL: +1 440 729 2570

FAX: +1 440 729 2586

[email protected]

www.dataloggerinc.com

Provides data loggers and monitoring

systems, data collection, recording and

alarming.

CATERPILLAR INCCaterpillar Electric Power Div, Bldg AC,

Mossville, IL 61552

CONTACT: Rich Robertson

TEL: +1 309 578 6298

FAX: +1 309 578 2599

[email protected]

www.cat-electricpower.com

Offers complete cogeneration systems,

generating both heat and electricity.

CATERPILLAR POWER

GENERATION SYSTEMS9280 Sky Park Ct, MZ SP3-Q, San Diego,

CA 92123

CONTACT: Rachel Hyatt

TEL: +1 858 694 6677

FAX: +1 858 694 6715

[email protected]

www.cat.com

Manufactures construction, mining

equipment, diesel, natural gas engines and

more.

CAT PUMPSHigh Pressure Pumps & Systems Div, 1681

94th Ln NE, Minneapolis, MN 55449

CONTACT: Darla Jean Thompson

TEL: +1 763 780 5440

FAX: +1 763 780 2958

[email protected]

www.catpumps.com

Offers dependable, continuous-duty, triplex,

high-pressure, positive displacement pumps

and pumping systems up to 240 gpm, 10,000

psi for seawater, chemicals, oils, and liquid

CO2.

CEC VIBRATION PRODUCTS

INC746 Arrow Grand Cir, Covina, CA 91722

CONTACT: Richard Rogers

TEL: +1 626 938 0200

FAX: +1 626 938 0202

[email protected]

www.cecvp.com

Manufactures vibration sensors and

monitoring equipment.

CEM DESIGN ARCHITECTS520 Anderson Ave, Rockville, MD 20850

CONTACT: Craig Moloney

TEL: +1 301 294 0682

FAX: +1 301 762 3128

[email protected]

www.cemdesign.com

Offers architects, engineers, designers and

planners in the area of sustainable, state-of-

the-art, LEED certifi ed, high-tech buildings.

CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE

CITIES DESIGN STUDIO5675 Kiddville Ln, Lexington, KY 40515

CONTACT: Richard Levine

TEL: +1 859 272 6444

FAX: +1 859 323 1990

[email protected]

www.centerforsustainablecities.com

Designs sustainability oriented architecture,

zero emissions communities, sustainability

theory, sustainable brownfi eld development

sustainability driven architecture, zero net

energy buildings and passive houses.

CENTROSOLAR AMERICA INC8350 E Evans Rd, Suite E-1, Scottsdale,

AZ 85260

CONTACT: Susan Wang

TEL: +1 877 348 2555

FAX: +1 480 348 2556

[email protected]

www.centrosolaramerica.com

Distributes modules, inverters, racking

and complete packaged PV systems, and

provides fi nancing support and training to

new installers.

CERES TECHNOLOGY

ADVISORS INC315 Webster St, Needham, MA 02494

CONTACT: Linda Smith

TEL: +1 781 453 1906

FAX: +1 781 795 1587

[email protected]

www.cerescom.net

A transaction advisory fi rm that focuses on

developing profi table relationships between

buyers, sellers and investors. Specialising

in photovoltaics, concentrators, solid state

lighting, sensing, and energy harvesting.

CG POWER SYSTEMS USA INCOne Pauwels Dr, Washington, MO 63090

TEL: +1 636 239 9300

FAX: +1 636 239 9398

[email protected]

www.cgglobal.com

Manufactures innovative three-phase

distribution and power transformers.

CH2M HILL POWERGlobal Power Industry Group Div, 303

Perimeter Center N, Suite 800, Atlanta,

GA 30346

CONTACT: Alan Champagne

TEL: +1 770 829 6533

FAX: +1 864 599 8541

[email protected]

www.ch2m.com

Provides industrial and power engineering

and construction.

CHALEFF & ROGERS

ARCHITECTS1514 Montauk Hwy, PO Box 990, Water Mill,

NY 11976

CONTACT: Bill Chaleff

TEL: +1 631 726 4477

FAX: +1 631 726 4478

[email protected]

www.chaleffandrogers.com

Provides green, solar, appropriate

architectural services, fully computerized and

thermal engineering.

CINCINNATI INC7420 Kilby Rd, PO Box 11111, Cincinnati,

OH 45211

CONTACT: Matt Garbarino

TEL: +1 513 367 7100

FAX: +1 513 367 7552

[email protected]

www.e-ci.com

CLEAN POWER WORKS1734 Roberts Way, Arcata, CA 95521

CONTACT: John Schaefer

TEL: +1 707 825 9533

[email protected]

www.cleanpowerworks.com

Provides consulting for photovoltaics, wind,

solar thermal, engineering, economics and

business.

CLEAVER-BROOKS

ENGINEERED BOILER

SYSTEMS6940 Cornhusker Hwy, Lincoln, NE 68507

CONTACT: Rocky Bahramzad

TEL: +1 402 434 2000

FAX: +1 402 434 2064

[email protected]

www.cleaverbrooks.com/engineered

Provides heat recovery steam generators in

the 1–50 MW turbine market.

CLIMAX PORTABLE MACHINE

TOOLS INC2712 E Second St, Newberg, OR 97132

CONTACT: Gary Corso

TEL: +1 503 538 2185

FAX: +1 503 538 7600

[email protected]

www.cpmt.com

Provides on-site machining solutions,

engineering consulting, and customized

training. Extensive experience within the

power industry is built into the wide range of

standardized portable tools and custom-built

solutions.

CLIPPER WINDPOWER INC6305 Carpinteria Ave, Suite 300, Carpinteria,

CA 93013

CONTACT: Mary Grady

TEL: +1 805 576 1142

FAX: +1 805 684 7081

[email protected]

www.clipperwind.com

Offers wind power plant developers,

operators, consultants, engineering and

design.

COEN CO INC100 Foster City Blvd, Foster City, CA 94404

CONTACT: Tim Webster

TEL: +1 650 638 0365

FAX: +1 650 638 0355

[email protected]

www.coen.com

Produces power from biowaste.

COMDEL INC11 Kondelin Rd, Gloucester, MA 01930

CONTACT: Ted Johnson

TEL: +1 978 282 0620

FAX: +1 978 282 4980

[email protected]

www.comdel.com

Designs and manufactures RF power

supplies, matching networks, multi-channel

synthesizers, ESC power supplies and RF

diagnostics for solar cell/photovoltaics, with

broad frequency ranges and power.

CONAX TECHNOLOGIES2300 Walden Ave, Buffalo, NY 14225

CONTACT: Rick Lyon

TEL: +1 716 684 4500

FAX: +1 716 684 7433

[email protected]

www.conaxtechnologies.com

Designs and fabricates standard and custom

temperature sensor assemblies.

CONCO SYSTEMS INC530 Jones St, Verona, PA 15147

CONTACT: Eric Fayard

TEL: +1 412 828 1166

FAX: +1 412 826 8255

[email protected]

www.concosystems.com

Offers products and services for cleaning,

inspection and more.

CONNEXION353 Hastings Dr, Buffalo Grove, IL 60089

CONTACT: Daniel Dobski

TEL: +1 847 499 8300

FAX: +1 847 499 8301

[email protected]

www.connexiones.com

CONSERVATION SERVICES

GROUP INC40 Washington St, Westborough, MA 01581

CONTACT: Henry Spindler

TEL: +1 508 836 9500

FAX: +1 508 836 3138

[email protected]

www.csgrp.com

Provides photovoltaic energy generating

stations and renewable and solar energy

programs.

CONTECHS ENGINEERING

DESIGN INC77 Lyman St, #2, Waltham, MA 02452

CONTACT: Tim Peery

TEL: +1 781 209 1984

FAX: +1 781 209 1984

[email protected]

www.contechs.com

Offers engineering, comprehensive design,

advanced analysis and product development

for sustainability energy.

CONTINENTAL BIOMASS

INDUSTRIES INC - CBI90 Pingree Hill Rd, Auburn, NH 03032

CONTACT: Aaron Benway

TEL: +1 603 382 0556

FAX: +1 603 382 0557

[email protected]

www.cbi-inc.com

Manufactures portable and stationary wood

waste reduction equipment.

THE COOL SOLUTIONS CO5007 Lincoln Ave, Suite 201, Lisle, IL 60532

CONTACT: John Andrepont

TEL: +1 630 353 9690

FAX: +1 630 353 9691

[email protected]

www.coolsolutionsco.com

Consults in turbine inlet cooling, thermal

energy storage, and district cooling.

COORSTEK10 Airport Park Rd, East Granby, CT 06026

TEL: +1 860 653 8071

FAX: +1 860 653 6834

[email protected]

www.coorstek.com


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A-Z LISTING


CROLL REYNOLDS

ENGINEERING CO INC2400 Reservoir Ave, Trumbull, CT 06611

CONTACT: Louis Ancillai

TEL: +1 203 371 1983

FAX: +1 203 371 0615

[email protected]

www.croll.com

Provides backwashable fi lters and strainers

and welded metal bellows expansion joints.

CRYOFAB INC540 N Michigan Ave, Kenilworth, NJ 07033

TEL: +1 908 686 3636

FAX: +1 908 686 9538

[email protected]

www.cryofab.com

Manufactures and services cryogenic

equipment and accessories. Offers custom

fabrications, OEM fabrications, and a full

line of standard containers, vessels and

accessories.

CUMMINS POWER

GENERATION INC1400 73rd Ave NE, Minneapolis, MN 55432

CONTACT: Madeline Foss

TEL: +1 763 574 5000

FAX: +1 763 574 5298

www.cumminspower.com/local

Provides complete systems and components

for several power applications. Power

systems are pre–integrated—all of the

components are designed and built to work

together. That’s the power of one.

CUSTOM INSTRUMENTATION

SERVICES CORP-CISCO7841 S Wheeling Ct, Englewood, CO 80112

CONTACT: Vic Johnson

TEL: +1 303 790 1000

FAX: +1 303 790 7292

[email protected]

www.ciscocems.com

Builds custom CEMS for applications and

provides full services.

CUSTOM ROLLFORMING

CORP(div of The Bradbury Group), 201 S Ave C,

PO Box 698, Moundridge, KS 67107

CONTACT: Steve Raisbeck

TEL: +1 620 717 1300

FAX: +1 620 345 3360

[email protected]

www.customrollformingcorp.com

Discovers comprehensive Rollforming

services from design to fabrication.

D

DARK FIELD TECHNOLOGIES

INC70 Robinson Blvd, Orange, CT 06477-3622

CONTACT: Timothy Potts

TEL: +1 203 298 0731

FAX: +1 203 298 0732

[email protected]

www.darkfield.com

Utilises specially built lasers and cameras

for unequaled detection performance of PV

panels. Systems measure scribe lines and

detect defects online at line speeds to 30

m/min.

DELTA RIGGING & TOOLS11233 Shadow Creek Pkwy, Suite 235,

Pearland, TX 77584

TEL: +1 877 408 8008

[email protected]

www.deltarigging.com

Offers a complete line of lifting and rigging

products both for sale and rent along with

related services throughout the United States

and abroad.

DETECT INC1430 Harrison Ave, Panama City, FL 32405

CONTACT: Helen Lewis

TEL: +1 850 763 7200

[email protected]

www.detect-inc.com

DETROIT STOKER CO1510 E First St, Monroe, MI 48161

CONTACT: Tim Loviska

TEL: +1 734 241 9500

FAX: +1 734 241 7126

www.detroitstoker.com

Designs and manufactures stokers and

related combustion equipment for fuel fi ring.

DEWIND INC2652 FM 407, Suite 220, Bartonville,

TX 76226

TEL: +1 940 455 7450

FAX: +1 940 455 7451

Produces, sells and licenses the DeWind

series of wind energy turbines.

DISCOVERY TECHNOLOGY

INT’L6968 Professional Pkwy E, Sarasota,

FL 34240

CONTACT: Michelle Gratz

TEL: +1 941 907 4444

FAX: +1 941 907 4512

[email protected]

www.discovtech.com

DIS-TRAN PACKAGED

SUBSTATIONS LLC4725 Hwy 28 E, Pineville, LA 71360

CONTACT: Christina Sanders

TEL: +1 318 448 0274

FAX: +1 318 445 7240

[email protected]

www.distran.com

Specializes in custom substation projects,

pre-engineered substations and factory-built

substations.

DNV GLOBAL ENERGY

CONCEPTS(a DNV Co), 1809 7th Ave, Suite 900, Seattle,

WA 98101

TEL: +1 206 387 4200

FAX: +1 206 387 4201

[email protected]

www.globalenergyconcepts.com

Analyzes, designs, tests and manages wind

and renewable energy.

DOTY WINDFUELS(sub of Doty Scientific Inc), 700 Clemson Rd,

Columbia, SC 29229

CONTACT: Glenn Doty

TEL: +1 803 699 3800

FAX: +1 803 736 5495

[email protected]

www.dotyenergy.com

Produces WindFuels, carbon-neutral liquid

fuels from CO2 and wind energy. Using these

fuels (including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel),

made from recycled CO2, could lower CO2

emissions 40%.

DOW CORNING CORPPO Box 0994, Midland, MI 48686-0994

TEL: +1 989 496 6000

FAX: +1 989 496 8026

[email protected]

www.dowcorning.com/electrical

DOW WIRE & CABLE(a Global Business Unit of The Dow Chemical

Co), 1254 Enclave Pkwy, Houston, TX 77077

TEL: +1 989 832 1542

www.dowinside.com

Provides underground and submarine cables

made from MV, HV and EHV materials that

reliably connect wind farms to power grids.

DPW SOLAR(sub of Preformed Line Products), 4000 B

Vasser Dr NE, Albuquerque, NM 87107

TEL: +1 505 889 3585

[email protected]

www.dpwsolar.com

Provides innovative mounting solutions

for any PV solar application including

commercial, industrial, government, utility

and residential applications.

DRESSER-RAND10205 Westheimer Rd, West8 Tower, Suite

1000, Houston, TX 77042

CONTACT: Mike McGuiness

TEL: +1 713 354 6100

FAX: +1 713 354 6110

[email protected]

www.dresser-rand.com

Supplies rotating equipment solutions to

the worldwide oil, gas, petrochemical, and

process industries.

DUCOOL LTDPO Box 403448, Miami Beach,

FL 33140-1488

CONTACT: Mooki Talby

TEL: +1 201 541 4141

[email protected]

www.ducool.com

Offers systems that cool, heat, dehumidify,

disinfect and clean the air.

DUNMORE CORP145 Wharton Rd, Bristol, PA 19007

TEL: +1 215 781 8895

FAX: +1 215 781 9293

[email protected]

www.dunmore.com

Specializes in engineered fi lms for highly

technical industries such as solar, aerospace,

radiant barrier insulation and thin fi lm

photovoltaics. Offers DUN-SOLAR PV

backsheets to the solar industry.

DUPONT PHOTOVOLTAIC

SOLUTIONS14 TW Alexander Dr, Research Triangle Park,

Durham, NC 27709

TEL: +1 919 248 5418

[email protected]

www2.dupont.com/photovoltaics

Provides materials for improving solar

cell effi ciency and module lifetimes while

reducing total system costs.

DURACOMM LIGHTING203 W 23rd Ave, North Kansas City,

MO 64116

CONTACT: Charles Scheibler

TEL: +1 816 472 5544

FAX: +1 800 825 1403

[email protected]

www.duracommlighting.com

DYNAMIC SYSTEMS INC15331 NE 90th St, Redmond, WA 98052

CONTACT: Rob Freeman

TEL: +1 425 216 1204

[email protected]

www.a-barcode.com

Offers barcode tracking applications which

include: tool and equipment, inventory, ID

badge systems, asset tracking, document

tracking, and time and attendance.

E

EAGLEBURGMANN

EXPANSION JOINT SOLUTIONS(div of EagleBurgmann KE Inc), 10035

Prospect Ave, Suite 202, Santee, CA 92071

CONTACT: Rich Eichhorn, ME

TEL: +1 619 562 6083

FAX: +1 619 562 0636

[email protected]

www.keb-ejs.com

Manufactures metal and fabric expansion

joints, fi eld services and more.

EARTHLOG ENERGY CORP(an Earthlog Equity Group Co), PO Box 685,

Talbott, TN 37877-0685

CONTACT: Robert Arms

TEL: +1 865 577 0350

[email protected]

www.earthshelteredhousing.com/

earthlog_energy_info.html

Offers custom designed earth sheltered

homes, wafers, cells and solar system

components. Construction, sales, fi nancing

and dealerships are available nationwide in

the US, Canada and Australia.

EASTERN ENERGY SYSTEMS

INC7470 Sound Ave, Mattituck, NY 11952

TEL: +1 631 779 4004

FAX: +1 631 466 5200

[email protected]

www.e2sys.com

Offers solar electric, solar hot water, wind,

geothermal, energy effi ciency, and green jobs

in New York. Also offers Lipa rebates and

incentives, engineering, energy consulting,

turbines, generators, battery back-up

systems, and pool heating and cooling.

ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT

INC368 Pleasant View Dr, Lancaster,

NY 14086-1397

CONTACT: David Donohue

TEL: +1 716 684 8060

FAX: +1 716 684 0844

[email protected]

www.ene.com

Helps renewable energy developers get

the green light for wind, solar, hydro,

waste-to-energy and geothermal projects

worldwide. Services include: planning,

impact assessment, government and public

relations, mitigation and monitoring.

ELAN TECHNICAL CORP141 Kings Hwy E, Fairfield, CT 06825

CONTACT: Randolph Bush

TEL: +1 203 335 2115

FAX: +1 203 335 2723

[email protected]

www.elantechnical.com


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A-Z LISTING


ELECTRATHERM INC3208 Goni Rd, Suite 182, Carson City,

NV 89706

CONTACT: William Olson

TEL: +1 775 882 6680

FAX: +1 775 883 6637

[email protected]

www.electratherm.com

Creates fuel-free, emissions-free power by

capturing readily available waste heat.

ELECTRONIC DRIVES &

CONTROLS17 Eastmans Rd, Parsippany, NJ 07054

CONTACT: Chuck Dillard

TEL: +1 973 428 0500

FAX: +1 973 428 0135

[email protected]

www.electronicdrives.com

Provides commercial and industrial drive

and control systems integration, VFD

maintenance, repair and retrofi ts since 1968.

Full engineering and project management

capabilities. Over ten fi eld service engineers

available 24/7/365.

ELECTROSWITCH180 King Ave, Weymouth, MA 02188

CONTACT: David Donovan

TEL: +1 781 335 5200

FAX: +1 781 335 4253

[email protected]

www.electroswitch.com

Designs, manufactures, and markets

standard and custom-designed switches,

relays, and other electrical system

products for utility, industrial, and military

environments.

ELLWOOD CITY FORGE(sub of Ellwood Group Inc), 800 Commercial

Ave, Ellwood City, PA 16117

CONTACT: Mark Miller

TEL: +1 724 752 0055

FAX: +1 724 752 3449

[email protected]

www.ellwoodcityforge.com

Provides open-die forgings to 110,000

pounds for turbine and generator

components includes shafts, forged rings,

bars, and blocks. Combines 100 years of

forging experience combined with the latest

production techniques.

ELMA ELECTRONIC INC44350 S Grimmer Blvd, Fremont, CA 94538

CONTACT: Shan Morgan

TEL: +1 510 656 3400

FAX: +1 510 656 3783

[email protected]

www.elma.com

Designs and manufactures custom and

standard electronics packaging and more.

ELSPEC NORTH AMERICA500 W South St, Freeport, IL 61032

CONTACT: Kathryn Smith

TEL: +1 815 266 4210

FAX: +1 815 266 8910

[email protected]

www.elspecna.com

ENECO TEXAS LLC3 Lenora Dr, West Simsbury, CT 06092

CONTACT: Alfred Weisbrich

TEL: +1 203 930 6616

FAX: +1 214 692 0530

[email protected]

www.warp-eneco.com

Provides licensing and/or joint venturing

WARP wind energy technology.

ENERGY APPLICATIONS INCEnergy Power Systems Div, PO Box 9205,

Surprise, AZ 85374

CONTACT: Mark Kane

TEL: +1 623 398 0510

[email protected]

www.energyps.biz

Markets power systems including all types

of batteries, VRLA, fl ooded, lead and NiCd,

complete DC systems, UPS, solar, and

inverters. Systems built to specifi cations and

supplied as plug and play.

ENERGY CONSERVATION

SERVICES OF NORTH FLORIDA

- ECS6120 SW 13 St, Gainesville, FL 32608

CONTACT: Tom Lane

TEL: +1 352 377 8866

FAX: +1 352 338 0056

[email protected]

www.ecs-solar.com

Provides solar energy installation and service.

ENERGY POWER SYSTEMSPO Box 9205, Surprise, AZ 85374

CONTACT: Mark Kane

TEL: +1 623 398 0510

FAX: +1 814 286 5779

[email protected]

www.energyps.biz

Designs and assembles standby power

systems, renewable sources and supplies

components.

ENERGY PRODUCTS OF

IDAHO (EPI)3568 W Industrial Loop, Coeur d’Alene,

ID 83815-6016

CONTACT: Kent Pope

TEL: +1 208 765 1611

FAX: +1 208 765 0503

[email protected]

www.energyproducts.com

Develops and implements fl uidized bed

combustion of biomass.

ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEMS

LLC(div of Notch Mechanical Constructors), 85

Lemay St, Chicopee, MA 01013

TEL: +1 413 437 1333

FAX: +1 413 534 4111

[email protected]

www.energyrecoverysystems.com

Provides turnkey systems to recover energy/

generate power from industrial/municipal

waste heat.

ENERGY STORAGE AND

POWER LLC520 US Hwy 22 E #205, Bridgewater,

NJ 08807

CONTACT: Pat Conroy

TEL: +1 908 393 7177

[email protected]

www.caespower.com

Offers CAES technology (Compressed Air

Energy Storage) that stores the energy of

the sun and wind, optimizing and fi rming

intermittent renewable energy resources and

contributing to the smart grid revolution.

ENERNEX CORP620 Mabry Hood Rd, Suite 300, Knoxville,

TN 37932

CONTACT: Jeff Lamoree

TEL: +1 865 218 4600

FAX: +1 865 218 8999

[email protected]

www.enernex.com

Provides electric power engineering and

consulting.

ENERTEGIC363 Pequot Ave, Southport, CT 06890

CONTACT: Eric Tulin

TEL: +1 310 600 6825

FAX: +1 614 386 1823

[email protected]

www.enertegic.com

Provides advertising, marketing, public

relations services and website development

for clean and sustainable technology

companies. Specialises in bringing early

stage technology to investors and the

marketplace.

ENERWASTE INC(div of Waste2Energy Inc), 1185 Ave of the

Americas, 20th Fl, New York, NY 10036

CONTACT: J. Douglas Pitts

TEL: +1 646 723 4000

FAX: +1 646 723 4001

[email protected]

www.enerwaste.com

Offers advanced thermal gasifi cation waste-

to-energy MSW, biomass and other wastes.

ENGINEERING SERVICES &

PRODUCTS CO (ESAPCO)1395 John Fitch Blvd, South Windsor,

CT 06074

TEL: +1 860 528 1119

www.esapco.com

Provides a product line to the agricultural,

horticultural, building and retail trade

communities.

ENGLAND SECURITIES LLC(sub of England & Co LLC), 1015 18th St NW,

Suite 900, Washington, DC 20036

CONTACT: Craig England

TEL: +1 202 386 6500

FAX: +1 202 386 6599

[email protected]

www.englandco.com

Provides a merchant banking fi rm that

arranges institutional private placements

of equity and debt. Also provides M&A and

fi nancial restructuring services.

ENPHASE ENERGY INC201 1st St, Petaluma, CA 94952

CONTACT: Eric Larson

TEL: +1 707 763 4784

FAX: +1 707 763 0784

[email protected]

www.enphase.com

Brings a high-tech approach to solar energy,

leveraging expertise in semiconductor

integration, power electronics and

networking technologies to advance the

performance, intelligence and reliability of

solar energy systems.

ERICO INTERNATIONAL CORP34600 Solon Rd, Solon, OH 44139

TEL: +1 440 248 0100

FAX: +1 440 248 0723

[email protected]

www.erico.com

ESI INC OF TENNESSEE1250 Roberts Blvd, Kennesaw, GA 30144

CONTACT: Jay Garrett

TEL: +1 770 427 6200

FAX: +1 770 425 3660

[email protected]

www.esitenn.com

Provides design, engineering and EPC

construction specialising in the production

of steam and power fi ring biomass and

other renewable fuels. Capabilities include

feasibility studies through EPC projects using

3D-design technology.

F

FACTORYNETWORK INC9423 Montgomery Rd, Cincinnati, OH 45242

CONTACT: Kathy Sostaric

TEL: +1 513 273 4760

FAX: +1 866 612 7089

[email protected]

www.factorynetwork.com

Offers an online marketplace for new, used

and surplus industrial equipment.

FASTENERS TECHNOLOGIES1550 Industrial Pkwy, Akron, OH 44310

TEL: +1 888 745 8166

www.fastener-technology.com

Manufactures and distributes industrial

fasteners and tools.

FCI-FLUID COMPONENTS

INTERNATIONAL1755 La Costa Meadows Dr, San Marcos,

CA 92078

CONTACT: Glen Fishman

TEL: +1 760 744 6950

FAX: +1 760 736 6250

[email protected]

www.fluidcomponents.com

Manufactures gas fl owmeters and sensors

for biogas, methane and more.

FIBERSAVVY.COM36595 Kevin Rd, Suite 138-139, Wildomar,

CA 92595

CONTACT: Richard Navock

TEL: +1 951 801 5780

FAX: +1 951 691 5072

[email protected]

www.fibersavvy.com

With decades of cumulative experience in the

industry, Our company is a leading supplier

of fi ber optic cable equipment, servicing the

electrical, electronic, and communications

industries.

FIBOX ENCLOSURES(Sub of Fibox OY Ab Enclosures), 810

Cromwell Park Dr, Suite R, Glen Burnie,

MD 21061

CONTACT: Tom Fowler

TEL: +1 410 760 9696

FAX: +1 410 760 8686

[email protected]

www.fiboxusa.com

Manufactures nonmetallic weatherproof

electrical enclosures (Nema 4x/IP67).

FIREFLY LED LIGHTING INC3925 W Braker Ln, Austin, TX 78759

CONTACT: Steve Barcik

TEL: +1 888 508 5381

[email protected]

www.fireflyledlight.com

FIRETRACE INTERNATIONAL15890 N 83rd Way, Suite B, Scottsdale,

AZ 85260

CONTACT: David Gray

TEL: +1 480 607 1218

FAX: +1 480 315 1316

[email protected]

www.firetrace.com

Offers automatic fi re suppression systems for

wind turbines.


ENERGY

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A-Z LISTING


FISHER TANK CO104 Fisher Tank Dr, Leesville, SC 29070

TEL: +1 803 359 4173

FAX: +1 803 957 3376

[email protected]

www.fishertank.com

Provides engineering, fabrication and

construction services for fi eld erected welded

steel tanks, stacks, silos, scrubber vessels

and other specialty welded steel equipment

for renewable power generation.

FLEXCON1 Flexcon Industrial Park, Spencer, MA

01562-2646

TEL: +1 508 885 8455

FAX: +1 508 885 1481

[email protected]

www.flexcon.com/pv

Manufactures custom and standard multi-

layer backsheets for encapsulation and

protection of rigid photovoltaic modules.

FLOWSERVE CORPFlow Control Div, 1900 S Saunders St,

Raleigh, NC 27603

CONTACT: Floyd Bensinger

TEL: +1 919 832 0525

FAX: +1 919 831 3369

[email protected]

www.flowserve.com

Offers control, isolation, non-return,

actuation, positioning and services.

FLUID ENGINEERING(div of TM Industrial Supply Inc), 1432 Walnut

St, Erie, PA 16502

CONTACT: Marc Steiner

TEL: +1 814 453 5014

FAX: +1 814 452 6573

www.fluideng.com

Manufactures automatic self-cleaning,

simplex, y-type, duplex strainers, bag

fi lters, slurry mixer/strainer (developed for

the ethanol market), and high temperature

(1500°F) gas/liquid backfl ush fi lters used in

gasifi cation and incineration processes.

FRIBERG ASSOCIATES INCPO Box 2080, Ft Worth, TX 76113-2080

CONTACT: Emil Friberg

TEL: +1 817 336 0543

FAX: +1 817 429 0119

[email protected]

www.fribergassociates.com

Provides consulting, planning, energy

studies, systems design and maintenance

analysis.

FRONIUS USA LLCSolar Electronics Div, (sub of Fronius

International GmbH), 10421 Citation Dr, Suite

1100, Brighton, MI 48116

TEL: +1 810 220 4414

FAX: +1 810 220 4424

[email protected]

www.fronius-usa.com

Manufacturer of Grid-connected PV

inverters from 2 – 60kW and Solar PV

system monitoring solutions. Operates

as the North American sales, support and

distribution center for Fronius International,

headquartered in Pettenbach, Austria.

G

GAIA GEOTHERMAL LLC9933 Caddie St NW, Albuquerque, NM 87114

CONTACT: Daniel Bernstein

TEL: +1 202 431 2984

FAX: +1 763 479 2183

[email protected]

www.gaiageo.com

Provides commercial geothermal HVAC

software for design ponds, and vertical and

horizonal ground heat exchangers.

GARDNER DENVER INCEngineered Products Group Div, 1800

Gardner Expwy, Quincy, IL 62305

CONTACT: Susan Wray

TEL: +1 217 222 5400

FAX: +1 217 228 8243

[email protected]

www.gardnerdenverproducts.com

Manufactures compressors, blowers

and pumps for petroleum and industrial

applications.

GAS AND AIR SYSTEMS INC

- GAS1304 Whitaker St, Hellertown, PA 18055

CONTACT: Robert O’Brien

TEL: +1 610 838 9625

FAX: +1 610 838 9650

[email protected]

www.gasair.net

Manufactures and supports compressors

and compressor systems.

GAS SEPARATION

TECHNOLOGY LLC - GST860 W 132nd Ave, Suite 260, Denver,

CO 80234

CONTACT: Major Seery

TEL: +1 303 430 1430

FAX: +1 303 657 6075

[email protected]

www.gassep.com

Offers processes for removing CO2 and air

from biogas.

GAS TURBINES

INTERNATIONAL LLC2524 N Andrews Ave Ext, Pompano Beach,

FL 33064

CONTACT: Larry Rayman

TEL: +1 954 971 4002

FAX: +1 954 971 0422

[email protected]

www.gti-power.com

Buys and sells GE and P&W solar spares

and parts.

GCUBE INSURANCE SERVICES

INC3101 West Coast Highway, Suite 100,

Newport Beach, CA 92663

TEL: +1 877 903 4777

FAX: +1 949 515 9984

[email protected]

www.gcube-insurance.com

Provides property and liability insurance

services for renewable energy projects.

GEA BARR-ROSIN INCProcess Engineering Div, (sub of GEA), 255

38th Ave, Suite G, St Charles, IL 60174

CONTACT: Michel Themens

TEL: +1 630 659 3980

FAX: +1 630 584 4406

[email protected]

www.barr-rosin.com

Supplies industrial drying systems for

biomass worldwide.

GENERAL AIR PRODUCTS INCIndustrial/Fluid Process Div, 118 Summit Dr,

Exton, PA 19341

TEL: +1 610 524 8950

FAX: +1 610 524 8965

[email protected]

www.generalairproducts.com

GENERAL CABLE4 Tesseneer Dr, Highland Heights, KY 41076

CONTACT: Karen Ouellette

TEL: +1 888 593 3355

FAX: +1 800 335 1270

[email protected]

www.generalcable.com

Supplies wind and solar cables.

GEOTHERMEX INC3260 Blume Dr, Suite 220, Richmond,

CA 94806

CONTACT: Subir Sanyal

TEL: +1 510 527 9876

FAX: +1 510 527 8164

[email protected]

www.geothermex.com

Provides services that focus on the resource

including exploration, drilling, testing,

capacity estimation, numerical modeling,

feasibility assessments and fi nancing

support. Established in 1973.

GLOBAL WEDGE INC3267 Larkspur St, Tustin, CA 92782

CONTACT: Rao Marella

TEL: +1 951 413 1482

FAX: +1 951 413 1483

[email protected]

www.globalwedge.com

Distributes EVA encapsulants, back sheets,

copper interconnect ribbon/busbar, silicone

sealants, Craneglas, solar cells, and solar

modules. Development of solar power

projects.

GOLDEN EAGLE

TECHNOLOGIES LLC14280 W 50th Pl, Golden, CO 80403

CONTACT: Gregory Black

TEL: +1 303 278 9268

FAX: +1 303 379 5313

[email protected]

www.goldeneagletechnologies.com

Provides dry bulk material handling and air

pollution control systems.

GRAHAM CORP20 Florence Ave, Batavia, NY 14020

CONTACT: Robert Hagen

TEL: +1 585 343 2216

FAX: +1 585 343 1097

[email protected]

www.graham-mfg.com

Designs, manufactures and supplies ejectors,

pumps, condensers and more.

GREAT NORTHERN SOLAR77480 Evergreen Rd, Suite 1, Port Wing,

WI 54865

CONTACT: Christopher LaForge

TEL: +1 715 774 3374

FAX: +1 715 774 3374

[email protected]

www.cheqnet.net/~gosolar

Designs, integrates and distributes PV

systems. Provides education for installers,

RE instructors, administrators, end users and

general public. Wholesale distribution of all

major PV components. NABCEP certifi ed

PV installer.

GREAT PLAINS POWER1221 Welch St, Golden, CO 80401

TEL: +1 303 239 9963

[email protected]

www.greatplainssolar.com

Offers renewable energy based power

generation systems, integration, applications

and service.

GREEN EPIPHANY28 Pond St, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130

CONTACT: Helen Waldorf

TEL: +1 617 983 5614

FAX: +1 617 983 2678

[email protected]

www.greenepiphany.com

Matches clients with energy alternatives for

vehicles, biofuels, wind and solar.

GREEN POWER INC6855 W Clearwater Ave, A101-102,

Kennewick, WA 99336

TEL: +1 509 209 8001

FAX: +1 866 422 1911

[email protected]

www.cleanenergyprojects.com

Manufactures a waste-to-energy system that

can handle all forms of discarded material

that normally would end up in a landfi ll and

converts it into high quality diesel fuel.

GREENSPARK INNOVATIONS

LLC1889 Maple Ave, Suite 11-E, Evanston,

IL 60201

CONTACT: Thomas Wieser

TEL: +1 312 451 6443

[email protected]

www.greensparkinnovations.com

Offers energy effi ciency and renewables

solutions for buildings (commercial/industrial,

institutional).

GRIDPLEX NETWORKS7000 Terminal Sq, Upper Darby, PA 19082

TEL: +1 610 734 1236

[email protected]

www.gridplexnetworks.com

Offers adaptive automation solutions, fully-

integrated adaptive energy management and

automation systems combine and optimize

electricity generation and usage with on-site

microgrids, local demand control, advanced

lighting systems and grid-based power.

GROSOLAR(sub of Global Resource Options Ltd), 601

Old River Rd, Suite 3, White River Junction,

VT 05001

CONTACT: Jeff Wolfe

TEL: +1 800 374 4494

FAX: +1 802 295 4417

[email protected]

www.grosolar.com

Distributes, installs and integrates solar

energy solutions for residential and

commercial installations.

GROWATT NEW ENERGY

NORTH AMERICACityCentre One, 800 Town & Country Blvd

Suite 300, Houston, TX 77024

TEL: +1 832 615 5047

[email protected]

www.growattusa.com

Manufactures the PV industry’s most effi cient

and cost-effective solar PV inverters.


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A-Z LISTING


GSE POWER SYSTEMS INC1332 Londontown Blvd, Suite 200,

Skyesville, MD 21784

CONTACT: Alex Lekich

TEL: +1 410 970 7800

FAX: +1 410 970 7995

[email protected]

www.gses.com

Provides power and process operator

training simulators and training content

development.

GT ADVANCED

TECHNOLOGIES243 Daniel Webster Hwy, Merrimack,

NH 03054

CONTACT: Jeff Nestel-Patt

TEL: +1 603 883 5200

FAX: +1 603 595 6993

[email protected]

www.gtat.com

Manufactures DSS crystalline growth

systems, polysilicon production technology

and PV manufacturing service.

GUASCOR INC143 Mallard St, Suite F, St Rose, LA 70087

CONTACT: Kelly Lacy

TEL: +1 504 461 3801

FAX: +1 504 461 3806

[email protected]

www.guascor.com

A Spanish industrial group focusing on the

development of renewable energies.

H

HAMILTON PRECISION

METALS INC(div of Ametek Specialty Metal Products),

1780 Rohrerstown Rd, Lancaster,

PA 17601-2334

CONTACT: Mike Staab

TEL: +1 717 569 7061

FAX: +1 717 569 7642

[email protected]

www.hpmetals.com

Manufactures precision metal alloy strip, foil

and ultra-thin foil to customer specifi cations.

Specialises in tight tolerance, restrictive

mechanical properties and ultra-smooth

surface fi nish.

HAMMERHEAD INDUSTRIES

INC1501 Goodyear Ave, Ventura, CA 93003

TEL: +1 805 658 9922

FAX: +1 805 658 8833

[email protected]

www.gearkeeper.com

HAMON DELTAK INC13330 12th Ave N, Plymouth, MN 55441

CONTACT: Dan Robertus

TEL: +1 763 557 7440

FAX: +1 763 557 4700

[email protected]

www.deltak.com

Designs, engineers, manufactures and

services steam generators and auxiliary

equipment.

HANSEN TRANSMISSIONS INC33 Lakeview Ct, PO Box 320, Verona,

VA 24482

TEL: +1 540 213 2442

FAX: +1 540 213 2222

[email protected]

www.hansentransmissions.com

Manufactures gear boxes.

HARRIS GROUPEnergy Div, 1999 Broadway, Suite 1500,

Denver, CO 80202

CONTACT: Chela Hopkins

TEL: +1 303 291 0355

FAX: +1 303 291 0136

[email protected]

www.harrisgroup.com

Provides engineering design and consulting

services.

HARTVIGSEN-HYDRO1529 S 400 E, Kaysville, UT 84037

CONTACT: Joseph Hartvigsen

TEL: +1 801 451 5705

[email protected]

www.h-hydro.com

Provides Turgo runners, nozzles and

components for micro-hydro developers.

HEATEC INC5200 Wilson Rd, Chattanooga,

TN 37410-2149

CONTACT: Scott Moore

TEL: +1 423 821 5200

FAX: +1 423 821 7673

[email protected]

www.heatec.com

HELMICK CORP998 Minor Ave, Fairmont, WV 26555-0071

CONTACT: Vicki Denham

TEL: +1 304 366 3520

FAX: +1 304 366 8923

[email protected]

www.helmickcorp.com

Manufactures boiler tube shields.

HEMPEL USA600 Conroe Park N Dr, Conroe, TX 77303

TEL: +1 936 523 6000

[email protected]

www.hempel.us

Produces and sells protective coatings. Has

painted more than 60% of the total wind

turbines around the world.

HENKEL CORPOne Henkel Way, Rocky Hill, CT 06067

TEL: +1 860 571 5100

FAX: +1 860 571 5465

www.henkelna.com

Supplies adhesives, sealants and surface

treatments.

HERBOLD MECKESHEIM USAResource Recycling Systems Div, (sub of

Herbold Meckesheim GmbH), 333 George

Washington Hwy, Smithfield, RI 02917

TEL: +1 401 232 3354

FAX: +1 401 232 5425

[email protected]

www.herboldusa.net

Manufactures and installs equipment for

recycling industrial and post-consumer

plastics.

HERITAGE ENERGY

SOLUTIONS LLC5303 Jacob St, Weston, WI 54476-1588

CONTACT: Todd Bacon

TEL: +1 715 574 3645

FAX: +1 715 298 9059

[email protected]

www.heritageenergysolutions.com

Is a manufacturer’s representative and

dealer for alternative energy products in the

Midwest.

HILLIARD CORP100 W 4th St, Elmira, NY

CONTACT: Rob Doud

TEL: +1 607 733 7121

FAX: +1 607 732 8979

[email protected]

www.hilliardcorp.com

Manufactures clutches, brakes and fi ltration

products.

HOCKING COUNTY

COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT

CORP4 E Hunter St, Logan, OH 43138

TEL: +1 740 584 4557

[email protected]

www.lhcommercepark.com

Encourages balanced economic growth and

enhanced quality of life at Logan-Hocking

Commerce Park, adjacent to Hocking

College Energy Institute.

HOLLAENDER

MANUFACTURING10285 Wayne Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45215

CONTACT: Leah Weller

TEL: +1 513 772 8800

FAX: +1 513 772 8806

[email protected]

www.hollaender.com

Offers simple, versatile solutions for

mounting solar panels, and building solar

racking systems using the company’s Speed-

Rail aluminum pipe fi ttings and pipe. For both

roof and ground mount arrays.

HURST BOILER & WELDING

CO INC21971 US Hwy 319 N, PO Box 530,

Coolidge, GA 31738-0530

CONTACT: Jeff Hurst

TEL: +1 229 346 3545

FAX: +1 229 346 3874

[email protected]

www.hurstboiler.com

Manufactures packaged biomass gasifi cation

boiler systems 3–80 mm BTU.

HYDRO ALUMINUM(div of Solar Solution), 249 S 51st Ave,

Phoenix, AZ 85005

CONTACT: Allan Bennett

TEL: +1 602 269 2488

FAX: +1 602 269 0220

[email protected]

www.hydro.com/northamerica/solar

Provides state-of-the-art aluminum extrusion

based solutions for the renewable energy

sector.

HYDRO GREEN ENERGY900 Oakmont Ln, Suite 310, Westmont,

IL 60559

CONTACT: Mark Stover

TEL: +1 630 325 2976

[email protected]

www.hgenergy.com

Focuses on building new, low-impact

hydropower generation at non-powered

dams with proprietary hydropower

technology.

HYTORC(div of UNEX Corp), 333 Rt 17 N, Mahwah,

NJ 07430

CONTACT: Sandra Hurtado

TEL: +1 201 512 9500

FAX: +1 201 512 0530

[email protected]

www.hytorc.com

Offers a multipurpose bolting machine.

I

ICONICS INC100 Foxboro Blvd, Foxboro, MA 02035

CONTACT: Tim Donaldson

TEL: +1 508 543 8600

FAX: +1 508 543 1503

[email protected]

www.iconics.com

Provides HMI/SCADA and business

visualization software for Microsoft Windows.

IEC & ASSOCIATES2474-108 Walnut St, Cary, NC 27518

CONTACT: Mark Keith

TEL: +1 919 413 1290

[email protected]

www.ieca-inc.com

Provides electrical and electronic forensic

and investigative engineering services, patent

infringement analysis, reverse engineering,

product teardowns, design engineering,

failure analysis, and expert witness services.

IHS EMERGING ENERGY

RESEARCH55 Cambridge Pkwy, Cambridge, MA 02142

TEL: +1 617 866 5000

FAX: +1 617 866 5900

[email protected]

www.emerging-energy.com

Provides analysis on clean and renewable

energy markets.

IMAGINESOLAR4000 Caven Rd, Austin, TX 78744

TEL: +1 512 443 5725

[email protected]

www.imaginesolar.com

Offers 200+ hours of solar energy and smart

grid courses (online and on-site), hands-on

workshops, employer outreach programs

that connect alumni with solar employers,

solar project consulting and workforce

training programs.

IMERYS100 Mansell Ct E, Suite 300, Roswell,

GA 30076

CONTACT: Karla Smith

TEL: +1 770 645 3705

FAX: +1 770 645 3460

[email protected]

www.imerys.com

Produces industrial minerals uniquely

engineered for the power and energy

industries. Particularly valuable is the newest

product, Aurora, a deposit and corrosion

inhibitor.

IMO USA CORP101 Innovation Dr, Mc Queen Park,

Summerville, SC 29483

TEL: +1 843 291 2882

[email protected]

www.goimo.com

INDUSTRIAL MAGNETICS INC1385 M-75 S, Boyne City, MI 49712

CONTACT: Rob Hutchison

TEL: +1 231 582 3100

FAX: +1 231 582 0622

www.magnetics.com

Offers magnetic separation equipment and

a range of permanent and electromagnetic

devices.


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A-Z LISTING


INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

CONSULTANTS INC2969 Hwy 11, Pelham, AL 35124

CONTACT: Robin Gurnsey

TEL: +1 205 663 4960

[email protected]

www.itctrng.com

Develops customized, site- or equipment-

specifi c training programs for operations,

maintenance, and safety for more than

25 years. Generic programs available:

maintenance, preventive maintenance, safety,

and industry-specifi c in various media.

INERJY1800 NW 69th Ave, Plantation, FL 33313

CONTACT: Marita Flam

TEL: +1 954 791 1500

[email protected]

www.inerjy.com

Manufactures generators and associated

electronics for renewable energy production.

INFOR13560 Morris Rd, Suite 4100, Alpharetta,

GA 30004

TEL: +1 678 319 8000

FAX: +1 678 319 8682

[email protected]

www.infor.com

Offers a suite of fully integrated enterprise

solutions to help companies address their

business needs with innovative software at a

lower total cost of ownership.

INNOTRONIKS473 Sapena Ct, Suite 19, Santa Clara,

CA 95054

CONTACT: Gary Chu

[email protected]

www.innotroniks.com

Designs, prototypes, and manufactures high

brightness, high-reliability LED lights and

luminaires for commercial and industrial

customers.

INTEGRATED CHP SYSTEMS

CORP50 Washington Rd, Princeton Junction,

NJ 08550

CONTACT: Gearoid Foley

TEL: +1 609 799 2340

FAX: +1 609 799 2604

www.ichps.com

Provides feasibility and design engineering

services for cogeneration.

INTELLIDRIVES INC8510 Bustleton Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19152

CONTACT: Greg Kane

TEL: +1 215 728 6804

FAX: +1 215 745 9459

[email protected]

www.intellidrives.com

Manufactures torque motors and generators

used in renewable energy applications.

INTERDEVELOPMENT INC1629 K St, NW, Suite 300, Washington,

DC 20006

TEL: +1 202 508 1459

FAX: +1 202 331 3759

[email protected]

www.interdevelopment.com

Provides management consulting services,

project and equipment fi nancing/leasing

including software, training, and search for

business partners, export/import assistance

and trade fi nance, EPC systems, regulatory

compliance, certifi cations, and translations.

INTERNATIONAL DISTRICT

ENERGY ASSOCIATION - IDEA24 Lyman St, Suite 230, Westborough,

MA 01581

CONTACT: Tanya Kozel

TEL: +1 508 366 9339

FAX: +1 508 366 0019

[email protected]

www.districtenergy.org

Is a 501(c)(6) nonprofi t trade association

representing the district heating, cooling and

cogeneration (combined heat and power)

industry. Founded in 1909.

INTERNATIONAL GENERATOR

TECHNICAL COMMUNITYPO Box 370, Columbus, OH 43216

CONTACT: Forum Master

[email protected]

www.generatortechnicalforum.org

Hosts a worldwide online members-only

technical forum for qualifying power plant

management, engineers and academics

responsible for the design, service,

maintenance and reliability of electric

generators.

INTERNATIONAL POWER

MACHINERY CO50 Public Sq, Terminal Tower, Suite 834,

Cleveland, OH 44113

CONTACT: Alan Kern

TEL: +1 216 621 9514

FAX: +1 216 621 9515

[email protected]

www.intlpwr.com

Procures and sells generators, turbines,

engines, transformers, boilers and more.

INTERPHASES SOLAR INC3533 Old Conejo Rd, Suite 110, Newbury

Park, CA 91320

TEL: +1 805 499 6360

FAX: +1 805 499 6360

[email protected]

www.interphases.com

Develops low-cost technology for high-

volume manufacturing of fl exible solar cells.

INTERTEK70 Codman Hill Rd, Boxborough, MA 01719

CONTACT: Carl Bloomfield

TEL: +1 978 264 9403

[email protected]

www.intertek.com

Tests and certifi es lighting in a variety of

applications including photometry, color,

environmental and mechanical testing,

Energy Star testing/certifi cation, ETL mark

and more.

J

JAMISON PRODUCTS LP207760 Commercial Park Rd, Tomball,

TX 77375

CONTACT: James Pudifin

TEL: +1 713 466 6951

FAX: +1 713 466 5051

[email protected]

www.jamisonproducts.com

Manufactures strainers, fi lters, pig launchers,

closures and process skids.

JEFFREY RADER CORP398 Willis Rd, Woodruff, SC 29388

CONTACT: Ted Gentile

TEL: +1 864 476 7523

FAX: +1 864 476 7510

[email protected]

www.jeffreyrader.com

Manufactures size reduction, screening,

pneumatic, vibratory feeders, storage and

reclaiming equipment.

J FLETCHER CREAMER & SON

INC101 E Broadway, Hackensack, NJ 07601

CONTACT: R. Flock

TEL: +1 201 488 9800

FAX: +1 201 488 2901

[email protected]

www.jfcson.com

Provides energy, utility, heavy highway and

pipeline rehab.

JOHN CRANEMechanical Seals Div, 6400 W Oakton St,

Morton Grove, IL 60053

CONTACT: Andrew Martin

TEL: +1 847 967 2400

FAX: +1 847 967 3915

[email protected]

www.johncrane.com

Offers a range of engineered mechanical

seals.

JOHNSON CONTROLS INCBuilding Efficiency Unit, 507 E Michigan St,

Milwaukee, WI 53201

CONTACT: Steve Thomas

TEL: +1 404 524 4000

FAX: +1 414 347 0221

[email protected]

www.johnsoncontrols.com/renewables

Provides turnkey renewable energy solutions

for solar, wind, biomass and geothermal.

JOHNSTON BOILER CO(div of Hines Corp), 300 Pine St, PO Box 300,

Ferrysburg, MI 49409-0300

CONTACT: R. Kim Black

TEL: +1 616 842 5050

FAX: +1 616 842 1854

[email protected]

www.johnstonboiler.com

Manufactures the Scotch marine fi retube

boiler.

JONAS INC4313 Nebraska Ct, Pomfret, MD 20675

CONTACT: Lee Machemer

TEL: +1 301 934 5605

FAX: +1 301 934 5606

[email protected]

www.steamcycle.com

Provides consultants and products for

corrosion, water and steam chemistry.

JOSEPH OAT CORP2500 Broadway, Camden, NJ 08104

CONTACT: John McDonald

TEL: +1 856 541 2900

FAX: +1 856 541 0864

[email protected]

www.josephoat.com

Engineers, designs and fabricates chemical

and power plant equipment such as heat

exchangers, pressure vessels, columns, and

reactors. Specialises in stainless steels, high

nickel alloys, titanium, and zirconium.

K

KACO NEW ENERGY INCNorth American Operations Div, 38 Keyes

Ave, Suite 102, The Presidio, San Francisco,

CA 94129

TEL: +1 415 931 2046

FAX: +1 415 931 1688

[email protected]

www.kaco-newenergy.com

Manufactures PV inverters.

KEITH MANUFACTURING CO401 NW Adler, Madras, OR 97741

TEL: +1 541 475 3802

FAX: +1 541 475 2169

[email protected]

www.keithwalkingfloor.com

Manufactures conveys systems for bulk

applications, such as waste, bulk fuel and

more.

KEMA INC67 S Bedford St, Suite 201 E, Burlington,

MA 01803-5177

CONTACT: Susan Erwin

TEL: +1 781 273 5700

FAX: +1 781 229 4867

[email protected]

www.kema.com

Provides business and technical consulting,

operational support, measurement and

inspection, testing and certifi cation services

for energy and utility clients worldwide, from

generation to the consumer side of the meter.

KLEINFELDER5015 Shoreham Pl, San Diego, CA 92122

CONTACT: Blair Loftis

TEL: +1 858 320 2000

FAX: +1 858 320 2001

www.kleinfelder.com

Specializes in alternative energy projects.

This is a project-management and

engineering fi rm.

KLEINSCHMIDT ASSOCIATES141 Main St, PO Box 650, Pittsfield,

ME 04967

CONTACT: Russ Sanford

TEL: +1 207 487 3328

FAX: +1 207 487 3124

[email protected]

www.kleinschmidtusa.com

Specialises in integrating engineering,

science and regulatory disciplines to meet

client objectives in the renewable energy

industry including hydrokinetic, offshore wind

and traditional hydroelectric projects.

KNIGHTHAWK ENGINEERING

INC17625 El Camino Real, Suite 412, Houston,

TX 77058

CONTACT: Jim Salter

TEL: +1 281 282 9200

FAX: +1 281 282 9333

jsalter.knighthawk.com

www.knighthawk.com

Offers design, failure analysis and

troubleshooting of static and rotating

machinery. Engineering team is available

24/7 to respond to critical failures and

emergencies. Has a metallurgical and

metrology lab.


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A-Z LISTING


KONECRANES INC4401 Gateway Blvd, Springfield, OH 45502

TEL: +1 409 550 9577

www.konecranesamericas.com

Serves a broad range of customers, including

the wind power industry, with a complete

range of lifting solutions that includes

specialized products and services for wind

turbine applications.

K-SUN CORP370 SMC Dr, PO Box 309, Somerset,

WI 54025

CONTACT: Linda Law

TEL: +1 715 247 4440

FAX: +1 800 522 9108

[email protected]

www.ksun.com

Provides labeling, marking, signage, safety

and industrial identifi cation systems and

electronic labeling machines, software, and

supplies used in industries across the world.

KUGLER OF AMERICA LTD48 South Rd, Unit 1, Somers, CT 06071

CONTACT: Meinrad Schirmeister

TEL: +1 860 749 6400

FAX: +1 860 749 6600

[email protected]

www.kuglerofamerica.com

L

LED WAVES33 35th St, 6th Fl, Brooklyn, NY 11232

TEL: +1 347 416 6182

www.ledwaves.com

Specialises in retrofi t and customized LED

lights as a small family run business in

Brooklyn. Send project specs and to fi nd an

affordable, low-energy lighting solution.

LEYBOLD OPTICS USASolar Div, 539 James Jackson Ave, Cary,

NC 27513

CONTACT: Phil Hatchett

TEL: +1 919 657 7100

FAX: +1 919 657 7101

[email protected]

Manufactures innovative vacuum deposition

systems for thin fi lm solar applications

on both rigid and fl exible substrates.

Applications include front and back contact

layers, active layers, and custom machines.

LINGQI LLC12005 Greenvalley Dr, Louisville, KY 40243

CONTACT: Harry Zhang

TEL: +1 502 609 9537

[email protected]

www.lingqillc.com

Performs accurate business and technical

translations between English, Chinese, and

Japanese.

LITTLEFORD DAY INC7451 Empire Dr, Florence, KY 41042-2985

CONTACT: Bill Barker

TEL: +1 859 525 7600

FAX: +1 859 525 1446

[email protected]

www.littleford.com

Offers mixers, blending machines and size

reduction equipment for cloth recycling

industries.

LOGIC BEACH INC8363-6F Center Dr, La Mesa, CA 91942

CONTACT: Dave Parks

TEL: +1 619 698 3300

FAX: +1 619 469 8604

[email protected]

www.logicbeach.com

Manufactures and supplies portable data

logging and alarming systems.

LOTUS ENERGY INC703 Warren St, Hudson, NY 12534

TEL: +1 518 444 4679

FAX: +1 518 770 1264

[email protected]

www.lotusenergy.com

Provides design and installation of grid-

tied solar PV systems in New York and

surrounding states. A US SolarPro distributor.

LUDECA INC1425 NW 88th Ave, Doral, FL 33172

CONTACT: Nils Heilemann

TEL: +1 305 591 8935

FAX: +1 305 591 1537

[email protected]

www.ludeca.com

Offers preventive, predictive and corrective

maintenance solutions, including laser shaft

alignment, vibration analysis and balancing.

LUFFT USA INC(sub of G Lufft Mess und Regeltechnik

GmbH), 420 Boardwalk Dr, Youngsville,

NC 27596

TEL: +1 919 556 0818

[email protected]

www.lufftusainc.com

Manufactures intelligent weather stations

for a variety of environmental monitoring

applications. The instruments measure

solar radiation, rain, wind, temperature and

humidity all in one.

LUFKIN INDUSTRIES INCPower Transmission Div, 407 Kiln St, PO Box

849, Lufkin, TX 75902-0849

CONTACT: George Adda

TEL: +1 936 637 5224

FAX: +1 936 633 3916

[email protected]

www.lufkin.com

Manufactures and repairs gears for the

power generation market.

LUMASENSE TECHNOLOGIES

INC3301 Leonard Ct, Santa Clara, CA 95054

CONTACT: Kristi Ashton

TEL: +1 408 727 1600

FAX: +1 408 727 1677

[email protected]

www.lumasenseinc.com

LUTHERLYN ENVIRONMENTAL

EDUCATION PROGRAM - LEEPPO Box 355, Prospect, PA 16052

CONTACT: Todd Garcia-Bish

TEL: +1 724 865 9079

FAX: +1 724 865 9794

[email protected]

www.lutherlyn.com

Provides environmental education.

M

MACHIDA INC(sub of Vision-Sciences Inc), 40 Ramland Rd

S, Orangeburg, NY 10962

CONTACT: Jitu Patel

TEL: +1 845 365 0600

FAX: +1 845 365 0620

[email protected]

www.machidascope.com

Offers fl exible borescopes and engine

inspection kits for various engine models.

MADICO INC(sub of Lintec), 64 Industrial Pkwy, Woburn,

MA 01801

CONTACT: John Storms

TEL: +1 781 935 7850

FAX: +1 781 935 6841

[email protected]

www.madicopv.com

Manufactures Protekt PV backsheets that

provide solar panels with maximum power,

bond strength, weather resistance and

design options. Protekt offers optimum cost

performance and exceeds industry testing

standards.

MAG3940 Olympic Blvd, Erlanger, KY 41018

CONTACT: Joe Jones

TEL: +1 859 534 4600

[email protected]

www.mag-ias.com

Supplies metal cutting, composites and solar

machines and systems.

MAGE SOLAR INC1295 Bluegrass Lakes Pkwy, Alpharetta,

GA 30004

TEL: +1 770 619 9440

FAX: +1 770 619 9411

[email protected]

www.magesolar.com

Offers solar modules, highly-effective

mounting systems and name-brand inverters.

Customers benefi t from economical solar

energy system solutions from a single

source.

MAGNETIC DIV GLOBAL

EQUIPMENT MKTG INCPO Box 810483, Boca Raton, FL 33481-0483

CONTACT: Marshall Gralnick

TEL: +1 561 750 8662

FAX: +1 561 750 9507

[email protected]

www.globalmagnetics.com

Provides magnets, magnetic separators

and detectors for separation of ferrous and

nonferrous metals.

MAGNETIC PRODUCTS &

SERVICES INC - MPS2135 Hwy 35, Holmdel, NJ 07733

CONTACT: B. Galano

TEL: +1 732 264 6651

FAX: +1 732 264 6876

[email protected]

www.gaussbusters.com

Offers demagnetizing, shaft condition

monitoring, shaft grounding and shaft current

control.

MASTEC NORTH AMERICA INC9140 Arrowpoint Blvd, Suite 200, Charlotte,

NC 28273

CONTACT: Barry Batson

TEL: +1 800 280 6570

FAX: +1 704 599 9824

[email protected]

www.mastecenergy.com

Provides turnkey solutions for renewable

projects including collector systems,

substations and switchyards, transmission

lines, and engineering procurement

construction (EPC) projects.

MATCOR INC301 Airport Blvd, Doylestown, PA 18902

CONTACT: Ted Huck

TEL: +1 215 348 2974

FAX: +1 215 348 2699

[email protected]

www.matcor.com

Designs, supplies and installs cathodic

protection systems.

J MAURITS CONSULTING12517 NE 43rd Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686

CONTACT: Jan Maurits

TEL: +1 360 574 0700

[email protected]

Provides sales, marketing and technical

projects in silane and polysilicon feedstock.

MAVEN POWER134 Vintage Park Blvd, Suite A-101, Houston,

TX 77070

CONTACT: David Oehl

TEL: +1 832 552 9225

FAX: +1 832 460 3760

[email protected]

www.mavenpower.com

Supplies equipment, engineering and

service for on-site generation and balance

of plant for both domestic and international

installations. Specialises in power plants for

utility, industrial and hospitality applications.

MAXWELL TECHNOLOGIES

INC9244 Balboa Ave, San Diego, CA 92123

CONTACT: Juergen Auer

TEL: +1 858 503 3300

FAX: +1 858 503 3301

[email protected]

www.maxwell.com

Provides Boostcap ultracapacitors with

many benefi ts for wind turbine pitch control

systems.

MCBURNEY CORP1650 International Ct, Suite 100, Norcross,

GA 30093

CONTACT: John McBurney

TEL: +1 770 925 7100

FAX: +1 770 925 7400

[email protected]

www.mcburney.com

System integrator of biomass boilers and

cogeneration systems.

MEE INDUSTRIES INCGas Turbine Div, 16021 Adelante St,

Irwindale, CA 91702

CONTACT: Thomas Mee

TEL: +1 626 359 4550

FAX: +1 626 359 4660

[email protected]

www.meefog.com

Provides gas turbine inlet air fogging that

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A-Z LISTING


MEGGITT SENSING SYSTEMS20511 Seneca Meadows Pkwy, Germantown,

MD 20876

CONTACT: Renard Klubnik

TEL: +1 301 330 8811

FAX: +1 301 330 8873

[email protected]

www.wilcoxon.com

Manufactures industrial accelerometers.

MERIDIAN ASSOCIATES INC500 Cummings Center Suite 5950, Beverly,

MA 01915

TEL: +1 978 299 0447

FAX: +1 978 299 0567

[email protected]

www.meridianassoc.com

Provides land development, 3D mapping,

3D laser scanning, renewable energy,

and sustainability assessment consulting

services to corporate, commercial, industrial,

institutional and public clients.

MERSEN USAElectrical Circuit Protection Div, (formerly

known as Ferraz Shawmut), 374 Merrimac

St, Newburyport, MA 01950

CONTACT: Natalie Timmons

TEL: +1 978 462 6662

FAX: +1 978 462 0181

[email protected]

us.ferrazshawmut.com

Continues its commitment to critical research

in electrical safety by providing industrial,

commercial, and OEM customers with

innovative products and technical support.

METAL CABINET & FIXTURE

CO(div of Span-O-Matic), 825 Columbia St,

Brea, CA 92821

CONTACT: Steven Krause

TEL: +1 714 256 4700

FAX: +1 714 256 4401

[email protected]

www.metalcab.com

Provides custom NEMA type enclosures,

including NEMA 1, 3, 3R, 4, 4X, 12 and

13, steel, stainless and aluminum, hot dip

galvanize, free-standing enclosures, bus bar,

and precision metal fabrication.

METSO POWERPower Business Line Div, (div of Metso Corp),

3430 Toringdon Way, Suite 201, Charlotte,

NC 28277

CONTACT: Eric Tanguay

TEL: +1 704 541 1453

FAX: +1 704 541 1128

[email protected]

www.metso.com/energy

Provides engineering capabilities including

EPC, coal and biomass-fi red CFB and BFB

boilers and power plants, lifetime support,

including chemical cleanings, manufacturing,

3-D laser, parts, plant maintenance, outage,

and related services.

MICHAEL STAVY CONSULTING

ENERGY ECONOMIST432 N Clark St, Suite 204, Chicago, IL 60654

CONTACT: Michael Stavy

TEL: +1 312 832 1631

FAX: +1 312 832 1632

[email protected]

www.michaelstavy.com

Offers renewable (wind, solar) energy project

(100 kW–10 MW) development, consultation

on climate change mitigation and purchase

of electricity/NG in Illinois and other

competitive markets.

MILWAUKEE RESISTOR CORP8920 W Heather Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53224

CONTACT: Dennis LeMaster

TEL: +1 888 616 6666

FAX: +1 414 362 8900

[email protected]

www.milwaukeeresistor.com

Designs and manufactures power line

resistors for energy control solutions.

MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC &

ELECTRONICS USAPhotovoltaic/Solar Div, 5665 Plaza Dr,

Cypress, CA 90630

CONTACT: Jenean Smith

TEL: +1 714 220 2500

[email protected]

www.mitsubishielectricsolar.com

Manufactures 100% lead-free solder, high-

effi ciency solar modules.

MJ ELECTRIC LLCPO Box 686, Iron Mountain, MI 49801

TEL: +1 906 774 8000

FAX: +1 906 779 4217

[email protected]

www.mjelectric.com

MKS INSTRUMENTS INC2 Tech Dr, Suite 201, Andover, MA 01810

TEL: +1 978 645 5500

FAX: +1 978 557 5100

[email protected]

www.mksinst.com

MOBILE MARK3900-B River Rd, Schiller Park, IL 60176

TEL: +1 847 671 6690

FAX: +1 847 671 6715

[email protected]

www.mobilemark.com

Designs and manufactures antennas for

137 MHz–9 GHz. Applications include GPS

tracking and fl eet management, cellular

GSM/CDMA, LTE, WiMAX, WiFi, RFID,

military and machine-to-machine (M2M).

MODULAR INDUSTRIAL

COMPUTER INC6635 Lee Hwy, Chattanooga, TN 37421

CONTACT: Mark Adcock

TEL: +1 423 499 0700

FAX: +1 423 892 0000

[email protected]

www.mic.com

Provides industrial, ruggedized computers,

displays, and computer enclosures

specifi cally designed to meet the harsh

demands of NEMA 4/4X /12 computing

environments for over 20 years.

MOOG INCJamison Rd, East Aurora, NY 14052

TEL: +1 716 652 2000

FAX: +1 716 687 4457

[email protected]

www.moog.com

Provides motion control solutions, including

hydraulic, electric and hybrid technologies.

MORNINGSTAR CORP8 Pheasant Run, Newtown, PA 18940

CONTACT: Donna Pizzullo

TEL: +1 215 321 4457

FAX: +1 215 321 4458

[email protected]

www.morningstarcorp.com

Supplies PV controllers and inverters using

advanced technology. The controllers

and inverters have set new standards in

the industry for quality, high reliability and

extended battery life.

MORRISON & KIBBEY LTDBox 20566 Cherokee Station, New York,

NY 10021-0070

CONTACT: Brian Morrison

TEL: +1 917 653 3017

FAX: +1 914 793 2632

[email protected]

Provides equity, debt and lease fi nancing

for renewable energy and renewable fuel

projects.

MORTENSON CONSTRUCTIONRenewable Energy Groups Div, 700 Meadow

Ln N, Minneapolis, MN 55422

CONTACT: Deb Delambert

TEL: +1 763 522 2100

FAX: +1 763 287 5581

[email protected]

www.mortenson.com/wind

Contractor with more than 100 renewable

energy projects and nearly 11,000 megawatts

throughout North America.

MTC TRANSFORMERS823 Fairview Rd, Wytheville, VA 24382

CONTACT: Michael Stafford

TEL: +1 276 228 7943

FAX: +1 276 228 7953

www.mtctransformers.com

Manufactures dry type OEM transformers in

many sectors of the renewable market. Has

transformers in operation in many different

sectors of the renewable market.

MURPHY INTERNATIONAL

DEVELOPMENT LLCRenewables Div, PO Box 807, Georgetown,

CT 06829

CONTACT: Douglas Murphy

TEL: +1 203 544 8303

FAX: +1 203 544 8302

[email protected]

www.murphyintldev.com

Provides equipment, development, O&M and

fi nancing.

N

NAES CORP1180 NW Maple St, Suite 200, Issaquah,

WA 98027

CONTACT: Jeanette Carroll

TEL: +1 425 961 4700

FAX: +1 425 961 4646

[email protected]

www.naes.com

Provides operations, maintenance and

construction, repair, technical support,

and staffi ng services to the wind power

generation, hydro and renewable industries.

NATIONAL ELECTRIC COIL800 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43212

CONTACT: Stephen Jeney

TEL: +1 614 488 1151

FAX: +1 614 488 8892

[email protected]

www.highvoltagecoils.com

Repairs, upgrades, and retrofi ts high-

voltage generators and rotating exciters.

Manufactures high-voltage coils/bars,

all types and sizes and turbogenerator

rotor windings. Engineers and designs

replacement components. ISO 9001 certifi ed

quality management systems.

NATIONAL HYDROPOWER

ASSOCIATION25 Massachusetts Ave NW, Suite 450,

Washington, DC 20001

CONTACT: Diane Lear

TEL: +1 202 682 1700

FAX: +1 202 682 9478

www.hydro.org

Trade association dedicated to advancing the

interests of the North American hydropower

industry. Membership includes private and

public hydroelectric generators, consultants,

manufacturers, service providers and

attorneys.

NATIONAL LEASE FINANCING

SERVICES4370 La Jolla Village Dr, Suite 400, San

Diego, CA 92122

CONTACT: Chuck Gerni

TEL: +1 858 546 4888

[email protected]

Arranges tax-oriented, tax-exempt,

capital and operating leases and loans for

commercial entities, non-profi t organizations

and governments. 40 years experience. Solar

equipment leases only in California.

NAVIGANT1801 K St NW, Suite 500, Washington,

DC 20006

CONTACT: Lisa Frantzis

TEL: +1 202 481 7336

FAX: +1 202 973 2401

www.navigant.com

Provides consulting assistance to public

power companies, investor-owned utilities,

fi nancial entities, government organizations,

non-regulated power suppliers, pipeline

companies, large energy customers, law

fi rms and other energy industry players.

NEBRASKA BOILER(div of Cleaver-Brooks Inc), 6940 Cornhusker

Hwy, Lincoln, NE 68507

CONTACT: Rocky Bahramzad

TEL: +1 402 434 2000

FAX: +1 402 434 2064

[email protected]

www.neboiler.com

Provides watertube steam generators,

specializing in packaged D, A and O boilers.

NEXUM RENEWABLES5775 Wayzata Blvd, Suite 300, Minneapolis,

MN 55416

TEL: +1 952 843 5560

FAX: +1 952 546 4279

[email protected]

www.nexumrenewables.com

Develops proprietary technology that

provides fossil fuel-free energy solutions.

NIAGARA BLOWER HEAT

TRANSFER SOLUTIONS673 Ontario St, Buffalo, NY 14207

CONTACT: Mark Vogel

TEL: +1 716 875 2000

FAX: +1 716 875 1077

[email protected]

www.niagarablower.com

Manufactures wet surface air coolers and

offers design/build engineering.

NORDEX USA INC300 S Wacker Dr, Suite 1500, Chicago,

IL 60606

TEL: +1 312 386 4100

www.nordex-online.com

Offers high-effi ciency wind turbines for

onshore use.


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A-Z LISTING


NORDSON CORPAdhesives Dispensing Group Div, 11475

Lakefield Dr, Duluth, GA 30097-1511

CONTACT: Salieta Stone

TEL: +1 770 497 3400

FAX: +1 770 497 3656

[email protected]

www.nordson.com/hotmelt

NORTH AMERICAN BOARD

OF CERTIFIED ENERGY

PRACTITIONERS - NABCEP10 Hermes Rd, Suite 400, Malta, NY 12020

TEL: +1 518 899 8126

FAX: +1 518 899 1622

[email protected]

www.nabcep.org

Promotes renewable energy through national

certifi cation of solar PV installers.

NORTH AMERICAN PHOENIX

ENERGY8310 Technology Dr, Schofield, WI 54476

CONTACT: Ronald Hahn

TEL: +1 715 359 0209

FAX: +1 715 359 1049

[email protected]

www.napenergy.com

Provides generation controls, governors and

balance of plant systems.

NORTH CANYON SOLAR AND

PLUMBING INC523 W Galvin St, Phoenix, AZ 85086

CONTACT: John Gilchrist

TEL: +1 623 582 3708

FAX: +1 623 582 6667

[email protected]

www.northcanyonsolar.com

Designs, sells, installs and services

domestic hot water, pool solar systems and

photovoltaics.

NORTH EAST ARIZONA

ENERGY SERVICES CO - NEA-

ESCOHC30 Box 2A, 43 Sutton Cir, Concho,

AZ 85924

CONTACT: Larry Bell

TEL: +1 928 521 0888

[email protected]

www.arizonaenergy.org

Provides clean renewable energy usage in

Arizona, USA.

NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS29 Pitman Rd, Barre, VT 05641

TEL: +1 802 461 2955

FAX: +1 802 461 2996

[email protected]

www.northernpower.com

Designs, manufactures, and sells permanent,

magnet, direct drive wind turbines into the

global marketplace.

NOVA ANALYTICAL SYSTEMS

INC(sub of Tenova Goodfellow Inc), 1925 Pine

Ave, Niagara Falls, NY 14301

CONTACT: David Sheasby

TEL: +1 716 285 0418

FAX: +1 716 282 2937

[email protected]

www.nova-gas.com

Manufatures portable and continuous

gas analyzers and monitors for fl ue gas,

emissions, landfi ll gas, oxygen, methane,

carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen,

biogas, syngas, heat treat gas, ambient, and

H2 purity.

NOVI ENERGY23955 Novi Rd, Novi, MI 48375

CONTACT: Anand Gangadharan

TEL: +1 248 735 6684

FAX: +1 248 735 0088

[email protected]

www.novienergy.com

Offers energy consulting, energy

management and energy infrastructure

project development.

NOVOZYMES BIOLOGICALS

INC - NZB(div of Novozymes A/S), 5400 Corporate Cir,

Salem, VA 24153

CONTACT: Tammy Tyree

TEL: +1 540 389 9361

FAX: +1 540 389 2688

[email protected]

www.novozymes.com/wastewatersolutions

Provides state-of-the-art biological products

and services for wastewater systems to

improve business and the planet’s resources

by harnessing the power of nature.

NRG SYSTEMS INC110 Riggs Rd, Hinesburg, VT 05461-0509

CONTACT: Paul Dawson

TEL: +1 802 482 2255

FAX: +1 802 482 2272

[email protected]

www.nrgsystems.com

Provides wind measurement systems for the

wind energy industry and sensors for turbine

control.

O

OCEAN RENEWABLE ENERGY

SYSTEMS CORP - ORESResearch and Development Div, 11920 SE

199th Ct, Renton, WA 98058

CONTACT: R. Woodson Kamehaleha-Jones

TEL: +1 808 284 6865

FAX: +1 253 852 3422

[email protected]

www.orescorp.com

Produces electric energy onshore by use

of ocean currents. Also uses river current

for electric energy production. Harvests

hydrogen, oxygen and water purifi cation.

OFS FITEL LLCSpecialty Photonics Div, (sub of Furukawa

Electric Co), 55 Darling Dr, Avon, CT 06001

CONTACT: Mike Hines

TEL: +1 860 678 6531

FAX: +1 860 674 8818

[email protected]

www.specialtyphotonics.com

Manufactures optical fi ber, cable, and

assemblies for geophysical, windpower and

industrial applications. Makers of 200 μm

HCS fi ber-wire cable. RoHS 06 compliant.

ISO 9001 certifi ed.

OKLAHOMA DEPARTMENT OF

COMMERCE900 N Stiles Ave, Oklahoma City,

OK 73104-3234

TEL: +1 405 815 6552

[email protected]

www.okcommerce.gov

Promotes the development and expansion of

the wind and solar industries in Oklahoma for

the purpose of quality job creation.

OLYMPIC ENERGY SYSTEMS

INC907 19th St, Port Townsend, WA 98368

CONTACT: Jonathan Clemens

TEL: +1 360 301 5133

[email protected]

www.olympicenergysystems.com

Provides renewable energy consulting and

system design for solar, wind and hydro.

ORBIS CORP (NORSEMAN

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTS)(div of ORBIS Corp), 1055 Corporate Center

Dr, Oconomowoc, WI 53066

CONTACT: Samantha Goetz

TEL: +1 800 999 8683

[email protected]

www.norsemanenvironmental.com

Offers curbside and organic recycling bins,

SYSTERN rain barrel and Earth Machine

backyard compost bin to improve recycling

rates and conserve naturally.

ORIVAL INC213 S Van Brunt St, Englewood, NJ 07631

TEL: +1 201 568 3311

FAX: +1 201 568 1916

[email protected]

www.orival.com

Manufactures automatic, self-cleaning water

fi lters and strainers.

P

PANELCLAW INC1600 Odgood St, Bldg 20 Suite 2-23, North

Andover, MA 01845

TEL: +1 978 688 4900

FAX: +1 978 688 5100

[email protected]

www.panelclaw.com

PARA-COAT TECHNOLOGIES

INC(sub of Parylene Conformal Coating), 900

Oak St, Johnstown, PA 15902

CONTACT: Krista Rager

TEL: +1 814 254 4376

FAX: +1 814 254 4057

[email protected]

www.pctconformalcoating.com

Provides parylene conformal coating. Offers

a 5-day normal turn time with competitive

pricing.

PARKER HANNIFIN CORP6035 Parkland Blvd, Cleveland,

OH 44124-4141

TEL: +1 216 896 3000

FAX: +1 216 896 4410

[email protected]

www.parker.com

Offers motion-control technologies and

systems, providing precision-engineered

solutions.

PARKER PRECISION COOLING

SYSTEMSPrecision Cooling Systems Div, (sub of

Parker Hannifin), 10801 Rose Ave, New

Haven, IN

TEL: +1 509 552 5112

www.parkerprecisioncooling.com

Specializes in advanced two-phase liquid

management thermal solutions to enable

high powered wind turbine systems and solar

inverters and related energy storage solutions

for renewables.

PATENTS AND LICENSING LLC28 Barrington Bourne, Barrington,

IL 60010-9605

CONTACT: Daniel Juffernbruch

TEL: +1 847 458 6313

www.patentsandlicensing.com

Advises on the licensing and infringement of

intellectual property and patenting of energy

technologies.

PATHSOURCE PARTNERSPO Box 2549, Nevada City, CA 95959

CONTACT: David Jordan

TEL: +1 530 272 4009

FAX: +1 530 274 9009

[email protected]

www.pathsourcepartners.com

Provides executive search and volume-hiring

services for cleantech industries.

PAUL GIPE606 Hillcrest Dr, Bakersfield, CA 93305

CONTACT: Paul Gipe

TEL: +1 661 325 9590

[email protected]

www.wind-works.org

Author, advocate and renewable energy

activist.

PDM SOLAR INC100 N 72nd Ave, PO Box 36, Wausau,

WI 54402-0036

CONTACT: Howard Manske

TEL: +1 715 573 2805

[email protected]

www.pdmsolar.com

Offers solar thermal air conditioning systems

with electric generation, solar thermal heating

systems with electric generation, solar

thermal electric generation, and waste heat

as source.

PEARL STEAM ENGINE CORR 1, Box 45, Sutton, VT 05867

TEL: +1 802 467 3205

[email protected]

www.pearlengine.com

Provides compact steam engines for

cogeneration, marine propulsion and prime

movers.

PENNWELL CORP1421 S Sheridan Rd, Tulsa, OK 74112

TEL: +1 918 835 3161

www.pennwell.com

A business-to-business media company

providing authoritative print and online

publications, conferences and exhibitions,

research, databases, online exchanges and

information products to strategic global

markets.

PETROTECH INC141 James Dr W, St Rose, LA 70087

CONTACT: David Iavie

TEL: +1 504 620 6600

FAX: +1 504 620 6601

[email protected]

www.petrotechinc.com

Provides integrated open architecture control

systems for turbine sets and compressors.

PFISTER ENERGY INC80 E 5th St, Paterson, NJ 07524

CONTACT: Wayne Pfisterer

TEL: +1 973 653 9880

FAX: +1 973 569 9663

[email protected]

www.pfisterenergy.com

Offers solar integrated roofi ng systems, wind

turbines, daylighting and solar thermal.


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A-Z LISTING


PHOENIX ELECTRIC CORPPO Box 53, Boston, MA 02137

CONTACT: Georgia Beyersdorfer

TEL: +1 781 821 0200

FAX: +1 781 828 5719

[email protected]

www.pec-usa.biz

Designs, manufactures, and installs specialty

switchgear, air-core cylindrically wound

reactors, and associated systems for utilities,

industry, and government agencies.

PLASMA WASTE RECYCLING

INC401 Franklin St, Huntsville, AL 35801

CONTACT: Al Nunley

TEL: +1 256 258 2800

FAX: +1 256 258 2803

[email protected]

www.plasma-wr.com

Utilises a high-temperature plasma arc

to effi ciently convert waste into clean,

renewable energy and saleable by-products.

PNEUMAFIL CORP(sub of Environmental Filtration

Technologies), PO Box 16348, Charlotte,

NC 28297-8804

CONTACT: Steve Klocke

TEL: +1 704 399 7441

FAX: +1 704 398 7515

[email protected]

www.pneumafil.com

Offers a variety of air inlet systems, fi lters and

media for gas turbines.

POINT EIGHT POWER INC1510 Engineers Rd, Bella Chase, LA 70037

CONTACT: Wes Lockwood

TEL: +1 504 394 6100

FAX: +1 504 391 6843

[email protected]

www.pointeightpower.com

Designs, manufactures and services

electrical control and distribution systems.

POSITIVE ENERGY INC3201 Calle Marie, Santa Fe, NM 87507

CONTACT: Allan Sindelar

TEL: +1 505 424 1112

FAX: +1 505 424 1113

[email protected]

www.positiveenergysolar.com

Operates as a full-service regional installing

dealer for independent and intertwined

renewable power systems. Local, employee-

owned, carbon neutral company with eight

NABCEP certifi ed installers and offi ces in

Santa Fe, Albuquerque, Las Cruces and

Taos.

POWER ACOUSTICS INC12472 Lake Underhill Rd, #302, Orlando,

FL 32828

CONTACT: Dave Parzych

TEL: +1 407 381 1439

FAX: +1 407 381 6080

[email protected]

www.poweracoustics.com

Offers acoustical consultants, noise control

engineers and environmental impact

assessment.

POWER ENGINEERING1421 S Sheridan Rd, Tulsa, OK 74112

CONTACT: Rick Huntzicker

TEL: +1 770 578 2688

FAX: +1 770 578 2690

[email protected]

www.power-eng.com

More than 67,000 power generation

professionals read Power Engineering

magazine for expert coverage on the

industry’s important news and emerging

trends.

POWERGRID INTERNATIONAL1421 S Sheridan Rd, Tulsa, OK 74112

CONTACT: Michael Grossman

TEL: +1 918 831 9500

FAX: +1 918 831 9834

[email protected]

www.elp.com

Provides a journal on electric power

transmission and distribution automation

systems, engineering and information

technology.

POWERPOD CORPRenewable Energy Systems Div, PO Box 750,

Olathe, CO 81425

CONTACT: Kerry Kalarney

TEL: +1 888 786 3374

[email protected]

www.powerpod.com

Provides modular integrated renewable

energy systems for schools and medical

clinics.

PPC SOLAR(div of Paradise Power Co Inc), 1036 Reed

St, Taos, NM 87571

CONTACT: Daniel Weinman

TEL: +1 575 737 5896

FAX: +1 575 758 3024

[email protected]

www.ppcsolar.com

Specialises in solar, renewable energy,

solar electric, wind power and conventional

electric. Offers equipment sales, design,

installation, and service, residential and

commercial, and NABCEP certifi ed electrical

contractors.

PRADO TECHNOLOGY CORPPO Box 274206, Tampa, FL 33688

CONTACT: Faustino Prado

TEL: +1 813 961 1072

[email protected]

www.pradotec.com

Designs biomass to liquid fuels using

Fischer-Tropsch technology.

PRATT & WHITNEY POWER

SYSTEMS400 Main St, MS 191-13, East Hartford,

CT 06108

CONTACT: Lucia Maffucci

TEL: +1 860 565 3051

FAX: +1 860 755 6276

[email protected]

www.pw.utc.com

Offers power systems and Organic Rankin

Cycle (ORC) products, which provide heat

to electricity generation for geothermal,

biomass, heat recovery, and concentrated

solar applications.

PRECISION COMBUSTION INC410 Sackett Point Rd, North Haven,

CT 06473-3106

CONTACT: Anthony Anderson

TEL: +1 203 287 3700

FAX: +1 203 287 3710

[email protected]

www.precision-combustion.com

Develops catalytic devices for the clean

energy sector. Technologies under

development include biofuel catalytic

combustors for gas turbines and fuel

reformers to enable fuel cells to operate on

biofuels.

PRECISION ENERGY SERVICES

INCPO Box 1004, Hayden, ID 83835

TEL: +1 208 772 4457

FAX: +1 208 762 1113

[email protected]

www.pes-world.com

Provide technical services to project

developers, independent power producers

and industrial clients.

PRECISION ENGINE

CONTROLS CORP(div of Hamilton Sundstrand), 11661 Sorrento

Valley Rd, San Diego, CA 92121-1083

CONTACT: Steve Dingsdale

TEL: +1 858 792 3217

FAX: +1 858 792 3200

[email protected]

www.precisioneng.com

Provides electronic controls and fuel

metering valves for industrial and marine gas

turbines.

PRINCETON POWER SYSTEMS

INC201 Washington Rd, Bldg 2, Princeton,

NJ 08540

CONTACT: Marta Loc

TEL: +1 609 955 5390

FAX: +1 609 258 7329

[email protected]

www.princetonpower.com

Manufactures advanced power conversion

products and alternative energy systems

such as converters, morot drives/controllers,

energy storage systems. In addition, provides

engineering services and system designs.

PRM ENERGY SYSTEMS INC -

PRME504 Windamere Ter, Hot Springs, AR 71913

CONTACT: Ron Bailey

TEL: +1 501 767 2100

FAX: +1 501 767 7679

[email protected]

www.prmenergy.com

Offers biomass gasifi cation to green energy

systems worldwide.

PROCESS EQUIPMENT -

BARRON INDUSTRIES2770 Welborn St, PO Box 1607, Pelham,

AL 35124

CONTACT: Ken Nolen

TEL: +1 205 663 5330

FAX: +1 205 663 6037

www.processbarron.com

Engineers, designs, manufactures and erects

fans from 100 to 7000 hp.

PROSIM INC(sub of ProSim SA), Science Center, 3711

Market St, 8th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19104

CONTACT: Isabelle Girard

TEL: +1 215 600 3760

FAX: +1 215 386 3970

[email protected]

www.prosim.net

Provides software solutions for utilities

management, power plants optimization and

process simulation.

PROTEAN ENERGY ADVISORS

LLC202 W Vanderbilt Dr, Mars, PA 16046

CONTACT: Michelle Vensel

TEL: +1 724 776 9098

[email protected]

www.proteanadvisors.com

Operates a fi nancial and project advisory,

restructuring and strategic guidance to the

energy sector.

PROTON ENERGY SYSTEM10 Technology Dr, Wallingford, CT 06492

CONTACT: John Speranza

TEL: +1 203 949 8697

FAX: +1 203 949 8016

[email protected]

www.protonenergy.com

Manufactures generators that produce

99.999% pure hydrogen on-site.

PSYCHSOFTPCPO Box 232, Quincy, MA 02171

CONTACT: Tim Lynch

TEL: +1 617 471 8733

[email protected]

www.psychsoftpc.com

PV CELLS & MATERIALS15959 E Brodiea Dr, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268

CONTACT: Ygal Giramberk

TEL: +1 480 837 2794

[email protected]

www.pvcell.com

Distributes solar cells, wafers and ingot

wholesale.

Q

QUANTA POWER GENERATION(sub of Quanta Services), 5445 DTC Pkwy,

Suite 1200, Geenwood Village, CO 80111

TEL: +1 303 459 8300

[email protected]

www.quantarenewable.com

Provides full engineering, procurement and

construction services with the fl exibility

of single-services or complete program

management for the renewable energy

industry.

QUANTA SERVICES2800 Post Oak Blvd, Suite 2600, Houston,

TX 77056

CONTACT: Ben Bosco

TEL: +1 713 629 7600

FAX: +1 713 629 7676

[email protected]

www.quantaservices.com

QUIXOTIC SYSTEMS INC90 Bedford St, Suite A, New York, NY 10014

CONTACT: Richard Klein

TEL: +1 212 367 9161

FAX: +1 212 367 9212

[email protected]

www.quixotic-systems.com

Designs, consults and installs PV, solar

thermal (heating, hot water, electricity)

and wind applications. Offers clients a

comprehensive high quality approach to

addressing their energy profi le for any

property.

R

RADFORD INDUSTRIES INCPO Box 2278, Santa Maria, CA 93457

CONTACT: George Radford

TEL: +1 805 928 5577

FAX: +1 805 346 2119

[email protected]

Distributes domestic hot water and pool solar

heating equipment.


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A-Z LISTING


RALPH BRILL ASSOCIATESPO Box 200, Garrison, NY 10524-0200

CONTACT: John Singleton

TEL: +1 800 294 2811

FAX: +1 800 294 2811

[email protected]

Provides waste cellulose and cassava to

ethanol systems and fuel cells.

REELCRAFT INDUSTRIES INC2842 E Business Hwy 30, Columbia City,

IN 46725

TEL: +1 260 248 8188

FAX: +1 260 248 2605

[email protected]

www.reelcraft.com

REFLECTECH INC18200 W Hwy 72, Arvada, CO 80007

TEL: +1 303 330 0399

[email protected]

www.reflectechsolar.com

Makes and distributes Refl ecTech mirror

fi lm, a silvered polymer mirror fi lm used in

concentrating solar applications.

REIN AND ASSOCIATES1026 12th St S, Moorhead, MN 56560

CONTACT: David Rein

TEL: +1 218 233 8463

FAX: +1 218 233 8463

[email protected]

Designs and operates domestic and

industrial wastewater treatment plants.

REIS ROBOTICS USA INC28490 Westinghouse Pl, Unit 170, Valencia,

CA 91355

CONTACT: Gard Van Antwerp

TEL: +1 661 702 0275

FAX: +1 661 702 1012

[email protected]

www.reisroboticsusa.com

Specialises in turnkey integration with more

than 100 module lines installed worldwide

and 6 GW of installed capacity. Maximizes

investments, minimizes risks.

REMA TIP TOP NORTH

AMERICA1500 Industrial Blvd, Madison, GA 30650

CONTACT: Gary Barnes

TEL: +1 800 334 7362

FAX: +1 706 752 4015

www.rematiptop.com

www.rematiptop.com

REMTECH INC2 Red Oak Rd, St James, NY 11780

TEL: +1 303 772 6825

FAX: +1 303 772 6827

www.remtechinc.com

Manufactures and maintains the Remtech

Dopplar Sodar and the RASS.

RENEWABLEENERGYWORLD.

COM375 Jaffrey Rd, Peterborough, NH 03458

TEL: +1 603 924 4405

FAX: +1 603 924 4451

www.renewableenergyworld.com

Provides daily renewable energy news,

products and technology overview.

RENEWABLE ENERGY

WORLD-NORTH AMERICA

CONFERENCE & EXPO1421 S Sheridan Rd, Tulsa, OK 74112

CONTACT: Dick Rauner

TEL: +1 918 832 9249

www.renewableenergyworld-events.com

Hosts an exhibition designed to move

renewables into the mainstream of the energy

sector.

RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES

INCPO Box 1569, Sutter Creek, CA 95685

CONTACT: Darryl Conklin

TEL: +1 209 267 5225

FAX: +1 209 267 5552

[email protected]

www.renewable.com

Designs, engineers, procures, and contracts.

Licensing classifi cations: Class A–general

engineering contractor, and Class B–general

building contractor. Additional classifi cations:

C-10 electrical, C-39 roofi ng, and C-46 solar.

RES AMERICAS11101 W 120th Ave, Suite 400, Broomfield,

CO 80021

TEL: +1 303 439 4200

FAX: +1 303 439 4299

[email protected]

www.res-americas.com

Develops, constructs, owns and operates

renewable energy projects. Over 3400 mW of

renewable projects have been constructed,

which represents approximately 14% of the

operating wind farms in the US.

RETUBECO INC6024 Ooltewah-Georgetown Rd, Ooltewah,

TN 37363

CONTACT: Ed Overmyer

TEL: +1 423 238 4814

FAX: +1 423 238 9028

[email protected]

www.retubeco.com

Provides specialized high production

retubing tool packages, technical assistance,

specifi cations, planning, and turnkey services

to the level necessary to support condenser

or heat exchanger retubing/repair projects.

RJM ASSOCIATESPO Box 353, Easley, SC 29641-0353

CONTACT: Ron McCracken

TEL: +1 864 414 1068

[email protected]

www.rjmmfg.com

Offers business and relationship

development with an emphasis on the waste

industry. Focuses on developing long-term

and go-to-market strategies.

ROSE INDUSTRIAL

MARKETING INC10006 Cross Creek Blvd 423, Tampa,

FL 33647

CONTACT: Gary Rose

TEL: +1 813 453 8419

FAX: +1 813 973 9035

[email protected]

www.roseindmktg.com

ROUTERITE.COM SERVICE

ROUTE BILLING SOFTWARE638 Lindero Canyon Rd #353, Oak Park,

CA 91377

CONTACT: Ken McGee

TEL: +1 818 889 1361

[email protected]

www.gopst.com

Provides route service customer routing and

billing software.

RTI INTERNATIONALPO Box 12194, Research Triangle Park,

NC 27709-2194

CONTACT: David L Myers

TEL: +1 919 541 7044

[email protected]

www.rti.org

Offers innovative research and technical

solutions in health, pharmaceuticals,

education, training, surveys and statistics,

advanced technology, economic and

social policy, energy, the environment, and

laboratory and chemistry services.

RUD CHAIN INC840 N 20th Ave, PO Box 367, Hiawatha,

IA 52408

CONTACT: Marla Erickson

TEL: +1 319 294 0001

FAX: +1 319 294 0003

[email protected]

www.rudchain.com

Offers high-quality conveyor chains for cargo

and bulk material in the form of round steel

link chains, central chains and components

designed to achieve maximum service life.

RUSSTECH LANGUAGE

SERVICES INC1338 Vickers Rd, Tallahassee, FL 32303

TEL: +1 850 562 9811

FAX: +1 850 562 9815

[email protected]

www.russtechinc.com

Operates as a full-service translation and

interpreting company with experienced

linguists for all major languages. Specialises

in the energy sector and are one of the

highest volume providers of language

services to the U.S. Department of Energy.

Helps meet international objectives through

consistent, high quality language support.

S

SAFWAY SERVICES LLCN19 W24200 Riverwood Dr, Waukesha,

WI 53188

CONTACT: Bob Viscomi

TEL: +1 262 523 6500

FAX: +1 262 523 9808

[email protected]

www.safway.com

Provides scaffold sales, rental, labor services,

project management and training.

SAMCO TECHNOLOGIES INCOne River Rock Dr, Buffalo, NY 14207

CONTACT: Robert Bellitto

TEL: +1 716 743 9000

FAX: +1 716 743 1220

[email protected]

www.samcotech.com

Manufactures pure/wastewater and process

fi ltration separation system solutions.

Offers DOW BD 10 dry and BD20 process

equipment and SG and MG fi ltration ion

exchange systems.

SANREX CORP50 Seaview Blvd, Port Washington, NY 11050

TEL: +1 516 625 1313

FAX: +1 516 625 8847

[email protected]

www.sanrex.com

Markets components, equipment and

systems, including discrete power

semiconductors and more.

SARGENT & LUNDY LLC55 E Monroe St, Chicago, IL 60603

TEL: +1 312 269 2000

FAX: +1 312 269 3680

[email protected]

www.sargentlundy.com

Offers engineering and consulting services

for development, operation, and ownership

of renewable generation assets, including

wind, solar, biomass, energy storage,

geothermal. Involved in engineering power

generation and transmission projects for

100+ years.

S & B ENGINEERS AND

CONSTRUCTORSPower Div, 7809 Park Pl Blvd, Bldg B, PO

Box 266245, Houston, TX 77087

CONTACT: Rodney Johnson

TEL: +1 713 645 4141

[email protected]

www.sbec.com

Providing EPC services for power, oil/gas,

petrochemical, refi ning, bio-fuels, pulp/paper,

and infrastructure industries throughout

the continental US. Module design and

assembly capabilities also provided.

SCHLETTER INC3761 E Farnum Pl, Tucson, AZ 85706

CONTACT: Deidre Murphy

TEL: +1 520 289 8700

FAX: +1 520 289 8695

[email protected]

www.schletter.us

Offers extensive, highly engineered and

customized solar mounting systems.

SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC132 Fairgrounds Rd, W Kingston, RI 02892

TEL: +1 401 789 5735

FAX: +1 401 789 3710

www.apc.com

Converts and controls raw electrical power

from any central, distributed, renewable

power source into high-quality power

required by the electricity grid. Pre-wired

integrated solution provides a complete

equipment package designed to meet the

growing demands of large scale grid-tie

solar farms and commercial rooftop solar

installations. A complete solution for

electrical distribution, automation, security,

monitoring and control.

SCHUTTE & KOERTING2510 Metropolitan Dr, Trevose, PA 19053

CONTACT: Caroline Nelson

TEL: +1 215 639 0900

FAX: +1 215 639 1597

[email protected]

www.s-k.com

Manufactures power and process equipment.

SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING

LABORATORIES INC2350 NE Hopkins Ct, Pullman, WA 99163

TEL: +1 509 332 1890

FAX: +1 509 332 7990

[email protected]

www.selinc.com

Serves power utilities and industrial sites

worldwide through the design, manufacture,

and support of digital protective relays,

automation products, services for power

system protection, control, monitoring,

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A-Z LISTING


SCIENCE APPLICATIONS

INTERNATIONAL CORPAdvanced Engineering & Applied Science

Div, 10210 Campus Point Dr, San Diego,

CA 92121

CONTACT: Robin Taylor

TEL: +1 858 826 9052

FAX: +1 858 826 5582

[email protected]

www.saic.com

Provides concentrating solar dish systems

incorporating stirling engine, photovoltaic

and hydrogen receivers.

SCIPAR INC26 W Spring St, PO Box 400, Williamsville,

NY 14231-0400

CONTACT: Walter Kammer

TEL: +1 716 631 3730

FAX: +1 716 631 3799

[email protected]

www.scipar.com

SEADS SOLARPO Box 192, Harrington, ME 04643

TEL: +1 207 483 2764

[email protected]

www.seadsoftruth.webs.com

Offers solar, PV-hybrids modular solar

greenhouse remediation system,

acquaculture.

SEVENTH GENERATION

ENERGY SYSTEMS INC100 S Baldwin St, #308, Madison, WI 53703

CONTACT: Laura Caspari

TEL: +1 877 229 9201

FAX: +1 866 762 7496

[email protected]

www.seventhgenergy.org

Designs and installs small-medium wind

and solar systems. Provides wind resource

assessments and met tower installations for

developers, tribes, schools and communities.

SIEMENS ENERGY, POWER

GENERATION4400 Alafaya Trail, Orlando, FL 32826

TEL: +1 407 736 2000

FAX: +1 407 736 3131

[email protected]

www.usa.siemens.com/energy

Offers products, solutions and services for

the entire energy conversion chain from

power generation and transmission to

distribution.

SIEMENS INDUSTRY

SOLUTIONS AUTOMATION

AND DRIVE TECHNOLOGIESProcess Instrumenation & Analytics Div, 155

Plant Ave, Hauppauge, NY 11788

TEL: +1 631 231 3600

FAX: +1 631 231 3334

[email protected]

www.sea.siemens.com

Supplies clamp-on ultrasonic fl owmeters.

SIERRA CAPITAL SERVICESPO Box 19637, Reno, NV 89511

CONTACT: Tim Young

TEL: +1 775 852 8826

FAX: +1 775 852 8829

[email protected]

www.sierracapitalservices.com

Specialises in providing innovative fi nancing

services for renewable energy systems.

SIERRA INSTRUMENTS INC5 Harris Ct, Bldg L, Monterey, CA 93940

TEL: +1 800 866 0200

FAX: +1 831 373 4402

[email protected]

www.sierrainstruments.com

Designs and manufactures high performance

fl ow instrumentation for gas, liquid and

steam applications commonly found in the

semiconductor, environmental, scientifi c

research, petrochemical, energy, aerospace,

and general manufacturing industries.

SIERRA SOLAR SYSTEMS563 C Idaho Maryland Rd, Grass Valley,

CA 95945

CONTACT: Jonathan Hill

TEL: +1 530 273 6754

FAX: +1 530 273 1760

[email protected]

www.sierrasolar.com

Provides solar electric, wind and hydropower,

gas heaters and solar water pumping.

SIKA CORP30800 Madison Hwy, Madison Heights, MI

48071

TEL: +1 248 577 0020

www.usa.sika.com

Offers products and solutions to the wind

turbine industry from the foundations of the

turbine to fabrication of the blades.

SILICONSULTANTPO Box 1453, Evergreen, CO 80437-1453

CONTACT: Ted F Ciszek

TEL: +1 303 674 3424

[email protected]

www.siliconsultant.com

Provides silicon crystal growth, PV materials,

defect and impurities and consulting

services.

SINDAL BUSINESS AND

MARKET DEVELOPMENTRenewable Energy Div, 36945 Silk Tree Ct,

Winchester, CA 92596

CONTACT: Anne-Marie Howe

TEL: +1 951 760 3895

FAX: +1 951 325 8011

[email protected]

www.sindal-lundsberg.com

Offers tools for navigating international

wind energy development. Has 30 years

experience working in international wind

energy markets and expertise in international

business administration and management.

SMA AMERICA LLC(sub of SMA Solar Technology AG), 6020 W

Oaks Blvd, Suite 300, Rocklin, CA 95765

CONTACT: Jim Morgenson

TEL: +1 916 625 0870

FAX: +1 916 625 0871

[email protected]

www.sma-america.com

SMA America is the US-based subsidiary of

global solar leader SMA Solar Technology

AG and provides solar inverters, control and

monitoring products for all PV power classes

in North America.

SNAP-ON INDUSTRIAL(div of Snap-on Inc), 2801 80th St, Kenosha,

WI 53143

CONTACT: John Tremblay

TEL: +1 877 740 1900

FAX: +1 877 740 1880

[email protected]

www.snapon.com/industrial

Offers products and services including hand

and power tools, torque and calibration

equipment, tool storage, diagnostics

software, information and management

systems for fl eet repair, industry, government,

agriculture, aviation and natural resources.

SODIMATE INC639 W Diversey Pkwy, Suite 219, Chicago,

IL 60614

CONTACT: Patrick Esor

TEL: +1 773 665 8800

FAX: +1 773 665 8805

[email protected]

www.sodimate-inc.com

Provides fl ue gas treatment/desulfurization

(FGD) specialist for dry/semi-dry chemical

handling systems.

SOHRE TURBOMACHINERY

INC128 Main St, Monson, MA 01057

TEL: +1 413 267 0590

FAX: +1 413 267 0592

[email protected]

www.sohreturbo.com

Offers grounding brushes, earthing brushes

for turbines, generators and more.

SOLAIRGENPO Box 1109, 119 Hwy 52 W, Dahlonega,

GA 30533

CONTACT: Kelly Provence

TEL: +1 706 867 0678

FAX: +1 706 864 9162

[email protected]

www.solairgen.com

Offers photovoltaic and solar thermal training

classes and workshops.

SOLARBRIDGE

TECHNOLOGIES9229 Waterford Centre Blvd, Bldg C, Suite

110, Austin, TX 78758

CONTACT: Joe Scarci

TEL: +1 512 637 6860

FAX: +1 512 637 6878

[email protected]

www.solarbridgetech.com

Enables a new generation of AC modules

with patented microinverter technology.

Offers the module-integrated microinverters

which makes solar more affordable by

simplifying installation, increasing energy

harvest and improving reliability.

THE SOLAR CENTER INCPO Box 290, Rockaway, NJ 07866

TEL: +1 973 627 7730

FAX: +1 973 627 7735

[email protected]

www.thesolarcenter.com

Designs and installs residential and

commercial solar electricity (PV) and solar

hot water.

SOLAR CONNEXION AND

MOONLIGHT SOLARPO Box 10095, Blacksburg, VA 24062-0095

CONTACT: Bryan Walsh

TEL: +1 540 961 5120

[email protected]

solarconnexion.com

Provides photovoltaic and electrical

contracting and solar equipment

troubleshooting in mid-eastern USA.

SOLAR CONSULTING

SERVICES - SCSPO Box 392, Colebrook, NH 03576

CONTACT: Chris Gueymard

TEL: +1 386 402 8949

[email protected]

www.solarconsultingservices.com

Provides expert assistance to large solar

projects that need bankable solar resource

assessment reports including weather station

installation, satellite-based modeled radiation

data, correction of measured data, future

projections and more.

SOLAR DESIGN ASSOCIATES

INC280 Ayer Rd, PO Box 242, Harvard,

MA 01451-0242

CONTACT: Steven Strong

TEL: +1 978 456 6855

FAX: +1 978 772 9715

[email protected]

www.solardesign.com

Offers architects/engineers designing

environmentally responsive buildings and

power systems.

SOLAR ELECTRIC109 E 17th St, Suite 109, Cheyenne,

WY 82001

CONTACT: Damian Gutierrez

TEL: +1 858 581 0051

FAX: +1 800 842 5678

[email protected]

www.solarelectricinc.com

Offers solar electric and alternative energy

systems and components including solar

modules, inverters, controllers, meters,

batteries, system design and engineering,

project fi nancing, training and more.

SOLAR ELECTRIC LIGHT FUND1612 K St NW, Suite 402, Washington,

DC 20006

CONTACT: Robert Freling

TEL: +1 202 234 7265

FAX: +1 202 328 9512

[email protected]

www.self.org

Provides and promotes PV for rural

electrifi cation in the developing world.

SOLAR ELECTRIC POWER

ASSOCIATION - SEPA1220 19th St NW, Suite 401, Washington,

DC 20036

TEL: +1 202 857 0898

FAX: +1 202 559 2035

[email protected]

www.solarelectricpower.org

Works with energy service providers to

accelerate commercialization of PV.

SOLAR ELECTRIC POWER CO

- SEPCO7986 SW Jack James Dr, Stuart, FL 34997

CONTACT: Steve Robbins

TEL: +1 772 220 6615

FAX: +1 772 220 8616

[email protected]

www.sepconet.com

Supplies and designs complete photovoltaics

systems for lighting applications.

SOLARH2OT LTD2800 Perimeter Park Dr, Suite A, Morrisville,

NC 27560

CONTACT: Jeanette Gretsch

TEL: +1 919 439 2387

FAX: +1 919 573 0719

[email protected]

www.solarhotusa.com

Manufactures and distributes solar thermal

systems.


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A-Z LISTING


SOLARHOT2800 Perimeter Park Dr, Suite A, Morrisville,

NC 27560

TEL: +1 919 439 2387

[email protected]

www.solarhot.com

Designs, manufactures and wholesales solar

water heating equipment for residential,

commercial and industrial applications. The

packaged systems insure installations that

are cost effective and effi cient.

SOLAR ILLUMINATIONS14965 Technology Ct, Units 3-6, Ft Myers,

FL 33912

TEL: +1 239 461 5522

FAX: +1 239 337 7887

[email protected]

www.solarilluminations.com

Sells solar lights and solar powered outdoor

lighting fi xtures. Secure online ordering.

Worldwide shipping.

SOLAR INTERNATIONAL

MANAGEMENT INCSolarBank Program Div, PO Box 34911,

Bethesda, MD 20827

TEL: +1 202 299 1603

[email protected]

www.solarbank.com

Finances solar electricity.

SOLAR LIBERTY6500 Sheridan Dr, Suite 120, Buffalo,

NY 14221

TEL: +1 1 866 807 3639

[email protected]

www.solarliberty.com

Operates as a large-volume solar wholesaler

and distributor.

SOLARONE SOLUTIONS INC330 Reservoir St, Needham, MA 02494

CONTACT: IIze Greene

TEL: +1 339 225 4530

FAX: +1 339 225 4539

[email protected]

www.solarone.net

Manufactures commercial-grade solar

powered LED outdoor area lighting.

SOLAR RATING AND

CERTIFICATION CORP SRCC1679 Clearlake Rd, Cocoa, FL 32922-5703

CONTACT: Jim Huggins

TEL: +1 435 752 2521

FAX: +1 435 752 2860

[email protected]

www.solar-rating.org

Offers a solar collector and solar water

heating certifi cation program.

SOLAR SOURCE10840 Endeavour Way, Largo, FL 33777

CONTACT: Rachel Doll

TEL: +1 727 572 4247

FAX: +1 727 544 2763

[email protected]

www.solarsource.net

Specialises in swimming pools, water heating

and photovoltaics.

SOLAR TRACKING BY

SOLARICHARD2037 S 7th St, Tacoma, WA 98405

CONTACT: SolaRichard Thompson

TEL: +1 253 572 9220

[email protected]

www.solarrichard.com

Designs, installs and repairs solar tracking

photovoltaic systems.

SOLAR TURBINES(sub of Caterpillar Inc), 2200 Pacific Hwy, PO

Box 85376, San Diego, CA 92186

TEL: +1 619 544 5352

FAX: +1 858 694 6715

[email protected]

www.solarturbines.com

Provides gas turbines for 1–50 MW power

projects. Offers clean, effi cient, and

sustainable power for landfi ll gas, digester

gas, biogas and bio-diesel applications.

SOLAR WATER

TECHNOLOGIES INC317 S Sidney Baker, Suite 400-112, Kerrville,

TX 78028

TEL: +1 830 370 2021

FAX: +1 830 895 2208

[email protected]

www.solarwater.com

Offers systems integrator for solar and wind

powered water pumping equipment.

SOLFOCUS INC3333 Coyote Hill Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304

CONTACT: Robert MacDonald

TEL: +1 650 812 4000

[email protected]

www.solfocus.com

Supplies solar energy solutions for a variety

of power plant applications.

SOL INC3210 SW 42nd Ave, Palm City, FL 34990

CONTACT: Audwin Cash

TEL: +1 561 212 2280

FAX: +1 772 286 9616

[email protected]

www.solarlighting.com

Offers commercial-grade outdoor solar

LED lighting systems for parking lots,

pathways, parks, trails, roadways, boat

launches, campus areas, perimeter

security, signs, billboards, transit, shelters,

evacuation-collection areas and other remote

applications.

SOLMETRIC CORP117 Morris St, Suite 100, Sebastopol,

CA 95472

TEL: +1 707 823 4600 x204

FAX: +1 707 823 4620

[email protected]

www.solmetric.com

Provides measurement tools for solar energy

installers. Solutions include the SunEye 210

shade tool and the PV analyzer for measuring

I-V curves during verifi cation.

SOLON6950 S Country Club Rd, Tucson, AZ 85756

TEL: +1 520 807 1300

[email protected]

www.solon.com

Provides utility-scale and commercial

photovoltaic systems. Delivers cost-

effective turnkey solutions to partners with

a streamlined approach from design and

construction to fi nancing and operation.

SOLUTIONS IN SOLAR

ELECTRICITYPO Box 5089, Culver City, CA 90231

CONTACT: Joel Davidson

TEL: +1 310 202 7882

FAX: +1 310 202 1399

[email protected]

www.solarsolar.com

Specialises in the fi eld of photovoltaics.

SOLVAIR SOLUTIONS/SOLVAY

CHEMICALS INC3333 Richmond Ave, Houston, TX 77098

CONTACT: Mike Wood

TEL: +1 713 525 6500

FAX: +1 713 525 6759

[email protected]

www.solvair.us

Offers products for effective emissions

control of air pollution from fl ue gas.

SOUND POWER INC2819 280th Ave NE, Redmond, WA 98053

CONTACT: David Trione

TEL: +1 425 880 4280

[email protected]

www.soundpower.us

Designs and installs PV and wind systems.

SOUTHPORT EQUIPMENT5704 Fairview Pl, Agoura Hills, CA 91301

CONTACT: Tim Buttke

TEL: +1 818 706 1400

FAX: +1 818 593 8618

[email protected]

www.southportequipment.com

Manufacturer’s representatives specialising in

the power/process industries.

SOUTHPORT PARTNERSHIP

LLCPO Box 1167, Southport, CT 06890-2167

CONTACT: Norman Marsilius

TEL: +1 203 256 8849

Offers architectural design and consulting on

energy effi ciency and sustainable material

use.

SOUTHWEST RESEARCH

INSTITUTE6220 Culebra Rd, PO Box 28510, San

Antonio, TX 78228-0510

CONTACT: Mike Ladika

TEL: +1 210 684 5111

FAX: +1 210 522 3547

[email protected]

www.swri.org

Provides an independent applied engineering

and physical sciences research and

development organisation.

SPINCRAFT(div of Standex Int’l), 500 Iron Horse Park,

North Billerica, MA 01862

CONTACT: Geri Hayes

TEL: +1 978 667 2771

FAX: +1 978 667 3899

[email protected]

www.spincraft.net

Provides integrated engineering solutions for

a range of industries.

SPIRE CORPOne Patriots Pk, Bedford, MA 01730-2396

CONTACT: Peter DiSessa

TEL: +1 781 275 6000

FAX: +1 781 275 7470

[email protected]

www.spirecorp.com

Provides simulators, stringers/tabbers,

laminators, EL test systems, back-end

solutions (framing, trimming, junction box),

and semi-automated to fully automated

turnkey PV module lines.

S-PRODUCTS INC141 Kings Hwy E, Fairfield, CT 06825

CONTACT: Randolph Bush

TEL: +1 203 331 9546

FAX: +1 203 335 2723

[email protected]

www.s-products.com

STANLEY CONSULTANTS INC5775 Wayzata Blvd, Suite 300, Minneapolis,

MN 55416-1270

CONTACT: Craig Johnson

TEL: +1 952 546 3669

FAX: +1 952 546 4279

[email protected]

www.stanleyconsultants.com

Offers a range of professional engineering

and environmental permitting services.

STELLAR SUN2121 Watt St, Little Rock, AR 72227-4000

CONTACT: William Ball

TEL: +1 501 225 0700

FAX: +1 501 225 2920

[email protected]

www.stellarsun.com

Provides solar energy engineering, design,

equipment sales and service.

STI TECHNOLOGIES INC1800 Brighton-Henrietta Town Line Rd,

Rochester, NY 14623

CONTACT: Dennis Peel

TEL: +1 585 424 2010

FAX: +1 585 272 7201

[email protected]

www.sti-tech.com

Analyses and tests rotating mechanical

equipment.

STORK H&E TURBO BLADING334 Comfort Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850

CONTACT: Joe Walker

TEL: +1 607 351 7418

FAX: +1 607 277 1193

[email protected]

www.he-machinery.com

Manufactures new high quality replacement

turbine blades and buckets.

STORK MATERIALS

TECHNOLOGY662 Cromwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55114

TEL: +1 651 645 3601

FAX: +1 651 659 7348

[email protected]

www.storksmt.com

Helps meet quality standards for materials

and products with accurate testing,

inspection and consulting. Experts help

protect products and business.

STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

ASSOCIATES INC5215 Hellyer Ave, San Jose, CA 95138

CONTACT: Vicki Douglass

TEL: +1 877 474 7693

[email protected]

www.structint.com

Consults on analysis, control, and prevention

of structural failures. Serves nuclear power,

fossil power, pipeline services and expert

testimony.

SULZER TURBO SERVICES11518 Old La Porte Rd, La Porte, TX 77571

TEL: +1 713 567 2700

FAX: +1 713 567 2830

[email protected]

www.sulzerts.com

Provides full-service manufacturing,

engineering, repair, reconditioning, balancing,

and coating for turbomachinery including

steam and gas turbines, components,

centrifugal, axial and screw compressors,

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A-Z LISTING


SUNDANCE SOLAR DESIGNSRenewable Energy Systems Div, PO Box 750,

Olathe, CO 81425

CONTACT: Kerry Kalarney

TEL: +1 888 786 3374

FAX: +1 888 786 3374

[email protected]

www.sundancesolardesigns.com

Provides solar photovoltaic, wind and

thermal system design consulting, sales and

installation.

SUN KING INCPO Box 330879, Kahului, HI 96733-0879

CONTACT: Paul Spencer

TEL: +1 808 871 9721

FAX: +1 808 877 9088

[email protected]

www.sunkinghawaii.com

Offers solar energy and water treatment.

SUNNYSIDE SOLAR INC1014 Green River Rd, Guilford, VT 05301

TEL: +1 802 254 4670

FAX: +1 802 254 4670

[email protected]

www.sunnysidesolar.com

Offers consulting, engineering, design,

installation, service and now principally

education in photovoltaic technologies and

renewable energy.

SUNRISE ENGINEERING25 E 500 N, Fillmore, UT 84631

CONTACT: Nate Pilcher

TEL: +1 801 523 0100

FAX: +1 801 523 0990

[email protected]

www.sunrise-eng.com

Studies, designs and manages civil, electrical

and other engineering projects.

SUNRNR OF VIRGINIA INCPO Box 102, Port Republic, VA 24471

CONTACT: Scott French

TEL: +1 540 271 3403

[email protected]

www.sunrnr.com

Manufactures portable renewable

energy generators including heavy duty

construction, 3500W of AC 110 Vt or 220 Vt

available, 2000 watthours of stored power

and one 135W solar panel included.

SUN SOLAR771 Jamacha Rd, Suite 250, San Diego,

CA 92019

CONTACT: Crystal Phelps

TEL: +1 847 810 0136

FAX: +1 866 208 5041

[email protected]

www.gosunsolar.com

Offers mobile, residential and commercial

solar applications: design, integration and

more.

SUPER RADIATOR COILS104 Peavey Rd, Chaska, MN 55318

CONTACT: Jim St Martin

TEL: +1 952 556 3330

FAX: +1 952 556 3331

[email protected]

www.superradiatorcoils.com

Provides heat exchanger coils for

cogeneration.

SYMBIONT6737 W Washington St, Suite 3440, West

Allis, WI 53214

CONTACT: Jeff Van Voorhis

TEL: +1 414 291 8840

FAX: +1 414 291 8841

www.symbiontonline.com

Provides turnkey systems for industrial

wastewater and facilities.

SYMCOM INC222 Disk Dr, United States, Rapid City,

SD 57701

TEL: +1 605 348 5580

FAX: +1 605 348 5685

[email protected]

www.symcom.com

Provides electronic motor control and

protection under MotorSaver and

PumpSaver.

SYNERGY INTERNATIONAL INCRenewable/Regenerative Systems Div, (sub

of Reinholdings Inc), 124 Washington Ave,

Suite B-2, Richmond, CA 94801

TEL: +1 415 290 4990

FAX: +1 415 887 7591

[email protected]

www.synergyii.com

Designs and manufactures building-

integrated wind, solar and aeroponic

systems.

SYSTEM ONE12 Federal St, Suite 205, Pittsburgh,

PA 15212

CONTACT: Gary Valentine

TEL: +1 412 995 1900

FAX: +1 412 995 1901

[email protected]

www.systemoneservices.com

Offers renewables outsourcing and careers.

Has helped energy and power clients

engage skilled professionals and improve

productivity.

T

TANK CONNECTION AFFILIATE

GROUP(div of Tank Connection), 3609 N 16th St, PO

Box 579, Parsons, KS 67357

CONTACT: Bill Neighbors

TEL: +1 620 423 3010

FAX: +1 620 423 3999

[email protected]

www.tankconnection.com

Offers bolted, fi eld-weld, shop-weld and

hybrid storage tanks for liquid and dry bulk

applications.

TATSOFT908 Town & Country Blvd, Suite 120,

Houston, TX 77024

TEL: +1 713 983 7516

FAX: +1 713 984 7576

[email protected]

www.tatsoft.com

TECHNOLOGY TRANSITION

CORP1211 Connecticut Ave NW, Suite 600,

Washington, DC 20036

TEL: +1 202 457 0868

FAX: +1 202 223 5537

[email protected]

www.ttcorp.com

Provides advocacy and consulting services

to the renewable and clean energy industries.

TECHNOSPIN601 W 26th St, Room 1260, New York,

NY 10001-1129

TEL: +1 212 751 8336

FAX: +1 212 656 1444

[email protected]

www.tswind.com

Develops, manufactures and sells small wind

turbines which are not limited to the areas

with strong winds. Provides green energy

solutions for residential and commercial use,

water heating and telecommunications.

TECH PRODUCTS INC105 Willow Ave, Staten Island, NY 10305

CONTACT: Daniel O’Connor

TEL: +1 718 442 4900

FAX: +1 718 442 2124

[email protected]

www.techproducts.com

Makes signs and markers for the utility

industry.

TE CONNECTIVITYMS 258-23, PO Box 3608, Harrisburg,

PA 17105-3608

CONTACT: Teresa Wilson

TEL: +1 800 522 6752

[email protected]

www.tycoelectronics.com/adm

Offers reliable UL- and TÜV-certifi ed, high-

quality products to support the photovoltaic

and solar thermal industry.

TELEFONIKA CABLE

AMERICAS1160 Pierson Dr, Batavia, IL 60510

CONTACT: Ron Luczak

TEL: +1 630 457 2035

FAX: +1 630 406 6574

[email protected]

www.tfcable.com

Manufactures electrical cable in rubber

construction types: SJOOW/SOOW, G, GGC,

SHD-GC, W, welding cable and more.

TERRACON2855 Premier Pkwy, Suite C, Duluth,

GA 30097

TEL: +1 770 623 0755

FAX: +1 770 623 9628

www.terracon.com

THERMAFIN MANUFACTURING1057 N Ellis Rd, Unit #2, Jacksonville,

FL 32254

CONTACT: Billy Byrom

TEL: +1 904 781 8305

FAX: +1 904 781 1911

[email protected]

www.thermafin.com

Provides fi n tubes for solar collectors.

Effi cient heat conducting bond is produced

by high frequency welding of the fi n tube.

Fin becomes one piece when the process is

complete. 30-year warranty.

THIRD SUN SOLAR AND WIND

POWER LTD340 W State St, Unit 25, Athens, OH 45701

CONTACT: Geoffrey Greenfield

TEL: +1 740 597 3111

FAX: +1 740 597 1548

[email protected]

www.third-sun.com

Provides full-service solar power design,

sales and installation contractor, serving

commercial, institutional and residential

markets.

3TIER INC2001 6th Ave, Suite 2100, Seattle, WA 98121

CONTACT: Todd Stone

TEL: +1 206 325 1573

FAX: +1 206 325 1618

[email protected]

www.3tier.com

Offers resource assessment and forecasting

based on state-of-the-art weather science

to help the global energy market manage

renewable energy risk anywhere on earth,

across all time horizons.

TIC - THE INDUSTRIAL CO2211 Elk River Rd, Steamboat Springs,

CO 80487

CONTACT: Melinda Reed Weber

TEL: +1 970 879 2561

[email protected]

www.tic-inc.com

Provides capabilities to execute major

industrial projects in a diversifi ed

marketplace.

TIER ELECTRONICSN94 W14588 Garwin Mace Dr, Menomonee

Falls, WI 53051

TEL: +1 262 251 6900

FAX: +1 262 250 1999

[email protected]

www.tierelectronics.com

Provides semicustomized state-of-the-art

power conversion designs for OEMs.

TIMBER WOLF LLCPO Box 470065, Charlotte, NC 28247

CONTACT: Ken Nahas

TEL: +1 704 442 7440

FAX: +1 704 364 1400

[email protected]

www.timberwolfhandcleaner.com

Manufactures and distributes a

multifunctional waterless hand cleaner that

cleans and moisturizes the skin, repels

mosquitoes, and prevents and relieves

symptoms of poison ivy, oak, and sumac.

TRELLEBORG OFFSHORE(div of Trelleborg AB), 519 N Sam Houston

Pkwy E, Suite 200, Houston, TX 77060

TEL: +1 832 456 8300

FAX: +1 281 999 3451

[email protected]

www.trelleborg.com/offshore

A global industrial group whose leading

positions are based on advanced polymer

technology and applications know-how.

Develops high-performance solutions

that damp, seal and protect in demanding

environments.

TRIBCO INC18901 Cranwood Pkwy, Cleveland,

OH 44128

CONTACT: Nick Bade

TEL: +1 216 486 2000

FAX: +1 216 486 2099

[email protected]

www.tribco.com

Makes turbine brake pads that last 3 to 5

times longer than conventional brake pads,

are nonabrasive and eliminate dust problems

because they are lined with Braketex, 100%

Kevlar lining.

TRINA SOLAR US INC100 Century Center, Suite 340, San Jose,

CA 95112

CONTACT: Victoria Vestal

TEL: +1 800 696 7114

FAX: +1 800 696 0166

[email protected]

www.trinasolar.com

Manufactures solar panels. Fully vertically

integrated from ingots to modules in both

mono and multicrystalline technologies. Has

shipped more than 1 GW of solar panels

worldwide.


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A-Z LISTING


TROJAN BATTERY CO12380 Clark St, Santa Fe Spring, CA 90670

CONTACT: Lore McKenna

TEL: +1 562 236 3000

FAX: +1 562 236 3273

[email protected]

www.trojanbattery.com

Manufactures deep-cycle batteries, offering

a complete portfolio of technologically-

advanced deep-cycle fl ooded, AGM and gel

batteries that provide maximum long-lasting

performance to meet the requirements of

advancing renewable energy systems.

TUNGSTONE POWER INC623 Main St, Woburn, MA 01801

CONTACT: Richard Jacobs

TEL: +1 781 937 0011

FAX: +1 781 937 3499

www.tungstonepower.com

Supplies batteries, battery chargers and

inverters.

TURBOCARE2140 Westover Rd, Chicopee, MA 01022

TEL: +1 413 593 0500

FAX: +1 413 593 3424

[email protected]

www.turbocare.com

Offers aftermarket service and repair

solutions for rotating equipment.

TWO-PHASE ENGINEERING &

RESEARCHGeothermal, 3209 Franz Valley Rd, Santa

Rosa, CA 95404

CONTACT: Doug Jung

TEL: +1 707 523 4585

FAX: +1 707 528 2071

[email protected]

www.two-phase.com

Specialises in geothermal technical

production, facility design and enhancement.

TWR LIGHTING INC4300 Windfern Rd, #100, Houston, TX 77041

TEL: +1 713 973 6905

FAX: +1 713 973 9372

[email protected]

www.twrlighting.com

Introduces the new L450 FAA LED all in one

solution. A built in power module, controller

and synchroniser make these lights simple

to install and enable them to operate

reliably under the harshest conditions

while minimising capital costs and cost of

ownership.

U

UL333 Pfingsten Rd, Northbrook, IL 60062

CONTACT: Matthew Sallee

TEL: +1 847 272 8800

[email protected]

www.ul.com/lighting

Provides wind turbine certifi cation services.

UNITED TRANSMISSION

EXCHANGE24147 E 6th St, San Bernardino, CA 92410

CONTACT: Bill Schmits

TEL: +1 909 384 8140

FAX: +1 909 384 8145

[email protected]

www.unitedtransmissionexchange.com

Remanufactures Allison transmissions and

parts.

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDADept of Mechanical and Aerospace

Engineering, PO Box 116300, Gainesville,

FL 32611-6300

CONTACT: S. Sherif

TEL: +1 352 392 7821

FAX: +1 352 392 1071

[email protected]

www.mae.ufl.edu/facultylist

Offers education.

UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICOSchool of Architecture & Planning, MSC

0425, 2401 Central Ave, NE, Albuquerque,

NM 87131

CONTACT: Paul Lusk

TEL: +1 505 877 3107

FAX: +1 505 277 0076

[email protected]

www.unm.edu

Provides architectural faculty and a design

studio.

US BATTERY1675 Sampson Ave, Corona, CA 92879

TEL: +1 951 371 8090

FAX: +1 951 371 4671

www.usbattery.com

Manufactures deep cycle batteries

specifi cally for solar power, renewable

energy, golf car batteries, marine, wind

power, energy storage, sweeper batteries,

scrubber batteries, automotive, and more.

US DIGITAL1400 NE 136th Ave, Vancouver, WA 98684

CONTACT: Mohit Abraham

TEL: +1 360 260 2468

FAX: +1 360 260 2469

[email protected]

www.usdigital.com

Manufactures position sensors for CSP and

CPV solar tracking. Offers a line of motion

control products, specialising in competitive

pricing, quick delivery and customer service.

US ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION AGENCY - US

EPAChief Financial Office, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave

NW, Ariel Rios Bldg, Washington, DC 20460

TEL: +1 202 564 1601

FAX: +1 202 564 1842

www.epa.gov

Researches and sets national standards for a

variety of environmental programs.

US RENEWABLE ENERGY

ASSOCIATION6697 Lakeshore Rd, PO Box 0550,

Lexington, MI 48450

TEL: +1 810 359 2250

[email protected]

www.usrea.org

Is a volunteer renewable energy advocacy

organisation made up of members from

across the USA. Relies on input, news and

perspective from members and partner

companies to help spread the word about

technologies that are revolutionary, and have

the potential to change the future of power.

V

VALDES ENGINEERING CO100 W 22nd St, Suite 185, Lombard,

IL 60148

CONTACT: Thomas Zimmermann

TEL: +1 630 792 1886

FAX: +1 630 792 1986

[email protected]

www.valdeseng.com

Provides feasibility studies, detailed

engineering, project management,

scheduling, cost control and cost estimating.

VALENTIN SOFTWARE INC701 Palomar Airport Rd, Suite 300, Carlsbad,

CA 92011

TEL: +1 706 931 5680

FAX: +1 858 777 5526

[email protected]

www.valentin-software.com

Develops solar PV and thermal design,

simulation, and sells software since 1989.

VAWT MANUFACTURING INC411 McKinney Pkwy, McKinney, TX 75071

CONTACT: Ken Smith

TEL: +1 214 544 9503

FAX: +1 214 544 9419

[email protected]

www.vawt.com

Provides mechanical and electrical

manufacturing and assembly services for

renewable energy devices in the wind, solar,

and biomass arenas.

VECTOR SYSTEMS INC411 McKinney Pkwy, McKinney, TX 75071

CONTACT: Ken Smith

TEL: +1 214 544 9500

FAX: +1 214 544 9532

[email protected]

www.vectorsystems-usa.com

Specialises in skidded systems and process

controls for the renewable energy industry.

VERDANT POWER INCThe Octagon, 888 Main St, New York,

NY 10044

CONTACT: Trey Taylor

TEL: +1 212 888 8887

FAX: +1 212 888 8897

[email protected]

www.verdantpower.com

Offers kinetic hydropower (damless)

systems applicable to oceans, tides, rivers,

and canals. Both a technology provider

and project developer, including resource

assessments, site analysis, and feasibility

studies.

VESTAS(sub of American Wind Technology Inc),

1881 SW Naito Pkwy, Suite 100, Portland,

OR 97201

TEL: +1 503 327 2000

FAX: +1 503 327 2001

[email protected]

www.vestas.com

Develops, manufactures, sells and maintains

systems that use wind energy to generate

electricity.

VITAL TECHNOLOGIES INC1400 Hotel Rd, Auburn, ME 04210

CONTACT: Bede Wellford

TEL: +1 207 513 3397

FAX: +1 207 333 3845

[email protected]

www.vital-air.com

Manufactures energy-effi cient

dehumidifi cation solutions with heat recovery.

Distributes and supports Viessmann wood

pellet and chip boiler systems in New

England. Distributes AET solar thermal

components in Maine and New Hampshire.

VOONER FLOGARD CORP4729 Stockholm Ct, Charlotte, NC 28273

CONTACT: Jason Devinney

TEL: +1 704 552 9314

FAX: +1 704 554 8230

[email protected]

www.vooner.com

Offers liquid ring vacuum pumps for

condenser gas extraction, FGD gypsum

dewatering fi lters, stainless-steel for

conveying and geothermal condenser

vacuum exhausters. Complete system

packages are available.

VQ WINDSmall Wind/Alternative Energy Solutions Div,

4417 Headen Ave, Santa Clara, CA 95054

CONTACT: Malcolm Davies

TEL: +1 415 299 1924

FAX: +1 415 532 1681

[email protected]

www.vqwind.com

Sells, installs and services VAWT small wind

turbines (1–12 kW).

W

WANZEK CONSTRUCTION INC16553 37R St SE, Fargo, ND 58103

CONTACT: Jason Kaufman

TEL: +1 701 282 6171

FAX: +1 701 282 6166

www.wanzek.com

Offers wind energy construction services.

WARREN & BAERG

MANUFACTURING INC39950 Rd 108, Dinuba, CA 93618

CONTACT: Randy Baerg

TEL: +1 559 591 6790

FAX: +1 559 591 5728

[email protected]

www.warrenbaerg.com

Manufactures densifi cation equipment that

converts waste into cubed energy such as

paper, cardboard, plastic, sludge, wood,

and biomass materials. Also manufactures

horizontal biomass grinding systems and

conveying systems.

WAVEBERG DEVELOPMENT

LTD73 W 47th St, Suite 3, New York City,

NY 10036

CONTACT: Paul Wegener

TEL: +1 212 882 1788

FAX: +1 212 354 6412

[email protected]

www.waveberg.com

Develops wave energy devices.


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A-Z LISTING

WEIMA AMERICA INC3678 Centre Cir, Ft Mill, SC 29715

CONTACT: Madison Burt

TEL: +1 803 802 7170

FAX: +1 803 802 7098

[email protected]

www.weimaamerica.com

Manufactures shredding, grinding and

briquetting equipment for the production of

refuse-derived fuel.

WEIR AMERICAN HYDRO

CORP135 Stonewood Rd, PO Box 3628, York,

PA 17402

CONTACT: Douglas Miller

TEL: +1 717 755 5300

FAX: +1 717 755 5522

[email protected]

www.weirgroup.com

Manufactures hydro turbines and related

equipment.

WESTINGHOUSE SOLAR16005 Los Gatos Blvd, Los Gatos, CA 95032

TEL: +1 888 395 2248

[email protected]

www.westinghousesolar.com

Offers systems which are safer, powerful and

reliable, backed by proven quality. Stands

for reliability and innovation for more than

a century.

WEST SALEM MACHINERY CO665 Murlark Ave NW, PO Box 5288, Salem,

OR 97304

CONTACT: Mark Lyman

TEL: +1 503 364 2213

FAX: +1 503 364 1398

[email protected]

www.westsalem.com

Offers fi ber preparation and processing

machinery and complete systems including

feeders, pre- and post-screeners, grinders,

shredders, hammermills. Experts with over

60 years experience of manufacturing with

customised installations worldwide.

WINDGUARD NORTH AMERICA

INC(sub of Deutsche WindGuard GmbH), 7670

Northern Oaks Ct, Springfield, VA 22153

[email protected]

www.windguard.de/english

Has over 25 years of experience in all

areas of on- and offshore wind energy

utilization including site assessment, due

diligence, technical inspection/management,

measurement of wind turbines, and

anemometer calibrations.

WINDLAND INC7669 W Riverside Dr, Suite 102, Boise,

ID 83714

CONTACT: Bjorn Doskeland

TEL: +1 208 377 7777

FAX: +1 208 375 2894

[email protected]

www.windland.com

Develops wind farms in the western US.

WINDLOGICS INC1021 Bandana Blvd E, Suite 111, St Paul,

MN 55108

CONTACT: Grant Brohm

TEL: +1 651 556 4200

FAX: +1 651 556 4210

[email protected]

www.windlogics.com

Combines deep operating expertise with

leading scientifi c analysis to help meet the

most demanding requirements for renewable

project planning, development and operation.

WINDURANCE1300 Commerce Dr, Coraopolis,

PA 15108-4747

TEL: +1 412 424 8900

FAX: +1 412 424 8919

[email protected]

www.windurance.com

Designs, delivers and support customized AC

or DC servo pitch systems to manufacturers

of both multi-megawatt and sub-megawatt

land and offshore turbines.

WSB - HAWAII46-040 Konane Pl #3816, Kaneohe, HI 96744

TEL: +1 808 247 7753

[email protected]

Offers renewable energy advocacy, policy

advancement, project permitting and

development.

Y

YANMAR AMERICA101 International Pkwy, Adairsville, GA 30103

TEL: +1 770 877 9894

www.yanmar.com

Designs and manufactures advanced

performance diesel engines and diesel-

powered equipment for a multitude of market

segments.

YOKOGAWA CORP OF

AMERICA2 Dart Rd, Newnan, GA 30265

CONTACT: Allan Rainwater

TEL: +1 770 254 0400

FAX: +1 770 254 1337

[email protected]

www.yokogawa.com/us

Provides analyzers, fl owmeters, transmitters,

controllers, recorders, data acquisition

products, meters, instruments, distributed

control systems, and more.



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Ten tips for retaining the neXt generation

PowerGen International Show Grid

Fo r t he i ndu s t r y ’ s c a r e e r - m inde d p r o f e s s i ona l s WINTER 2011

A sup p l emen t t o P ennWe l l pub l i c a t i on s | w w w. P ennEne r g yJ O B S . c om

POWERING AMERICA:

The Critical Need for Transmission Investment to Spur Growth

Primer on Global

Natural Gas Pricing

Energy to Succeed

Breaking up is

hard to do – but

will be beautiful

to job seekers!


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2 EDITOR’S LETTER

Recognizing the need for change

Dorothy Davis, PennWell

4 ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE

Powering America: The Critical Need for

Transmission Investment to Spur Growth

PennEnergy.com

6 NATURAL GAS

Primer on Global Natural Gas Pricing

Vivek Chandra

11 HR INSIGHTS

Ten tips for retaining the neXt generation

Justin G. Roy, SullivanKreiss

13 ENERGY INSIGHTS

Breaking up is hard to do – but will

be beautiful to job seekers!

Volker Rathmann, President of Collarini Energy Staffi ng Inc.

14 TRAINING INSIGHTS

Energy to Succeed: The path to energy training is

out there for those ready to take the fi rst step

Hilton Price, PennWell

16 POWERGEN INTERNATIONAL SHOW GRID

w w w . P e n n E n e r g y J O B S . c o m

WINTER 2011

A PENNWELL PUBL ICAT ION

Stacey Schmidt, Publisher

[email protected]

Dorothy Davis, Senior Editor

[email protected]

Hilton Price, Editor

[email protected]

Meg Fuschetti, Art Director

[email protected]

Daniel Greene, Production Manager

[email protected]

Tommie Grigg,

Audience Development Manager

[email protected]

PennWell Corporation

1421 South Sheridan Road

Tulsa, Oklahoma 74112

918 835 3161

PennWell.com

Recruitment Advertising Sales:

Brent Eklund

Petroleum Account Executive

720.535.1264

[email protected]

Ad ve r t i s e r s ’I nde x Arizona Public Service Company .......................................................................... 5

BP ........................................................................................................................ 7

CH2M Hill ........................................................................................................... 12

Chevron ............................................................................................................ 1, 3

Invensys Process Systems ................................................................................. 13

Nor Cal Controls ................................................................................................... 9

PennEnergy Career Fair ..................................................................................... C4


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EnergyWorkforce | FOR JOB OPPORTUNITIES, VISIT www.PennEnergyJOBS.com | Winter 2011 2

Ed i to r ’ sLe t t e r

SINCE the only constant is change, it is important for the energy industry to remain

fl exible and ahead of the curve to ensure long term success. And as changes occur,

it is also imperative that our industry makes a strong commitment toward improving our

infrastructure. Learn how investment in U.S. Transmission & Distribution will not only

strengthen reliability, but also help to create jobs and grow our domestic economy on page 4.

One of the more recent changes in energy is the rapid growth of natural gas. A

combination of soaring U.S. natural gas resources and stricter new emissions regulations

are putting natural gas back in the spotlight. Understand how this resource is priced and

impacts the global market on page 6.

While those already working within

the energy industry are contemplating the

question of what changes come next, there

also remains the question of who comes

next. Preparing the next generation of energy

professionals will require a balance of time-

tested techniques and a push toward new

innovation. Find out what resources are

available to gain the knowledge base necessary

to thrive in the energy sector on page 14.

The resources are available to train the next generation of energy professionals, but

how do we recruit and retain them? While the recent economic downturn has presented

employment challenges, the need for new talent is still an urgent one. This is more apparent

than ever within energy sectors, where the gap between those entering the industry and

seasoned professionals is becoming wider by the year. Gain valuable insights into some of

the simpler methods for helping the next generations thrive in the workplace on page 11.

Recognizing the need for change is a strength. A good example of this is the pipeline

industry. Sometimes a split in focus and assets is not only benefi cial to the corporate bottom

line, but to job seekers as well. Find out how recent changes in this sector may offer long

term benefi ts for the career-minded on page 13.

The best aspect of change is perhaps the prospect for opportunity. No matter what side

of the industry you are on, PennEnergy’s Energy Workforce magazine is your resource to

maximize your every potential.

Carpe diem!

—Dorothy Davis

Recognizing the

need for change

It is important for the

energy industry to remain

fl exible and ahead of the curve

to ensure long term success

Do you have a

career development

story to share?

Send me an e-mail at

[email protected].


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4 Winter 2011 | FOR JOB OPPORTUNITIES, VISIT www.PennEnergyJOBS.com | EnergyWorkforce

ECONOMIC investment has been

a common theme in Washing-

ton, D.C., over the past few

years as the country struggles to re-

cover from the blow it took in the re-

cent fi nancial downturn. Politicians

are pushing for expanded research and

development, while physical capital

investments have largely centered on

base infrastructure such as bridges and

outdated rail systems. But surprisingly

little attention has been paid, at times,

to the critical issue of electricity trans-

mission and distribution.

The Department of Energy (DOE)

reports that the U.S. electricity grid

spans more than 300,000 miles of trans-

mission lines connecting more than 1

terawatt-worth of generation capacity

to hundreds of millions of homes and

businesses. While the DOE suggests

the system is still 99.97 percent reliable,

outages still cost more than $150 billion

a year and appear to be steadily impact-

ing more and more people.

With electricity demand outpacing

investments in transmission capac-

ity by nearly 25 percent a year for the

past three decades and peak demand

expected to increase another 20 per-

cent in the next 10 years, the problem

only stands to worsen. It is time to stop

taking our energy infrastructure for

granted.

Energizing Employment

While our transmission and distribution

systems serve to bring us the power we

have come to rely on for almost every

aspect of our daily lives, it is also a sig-

nifi cant source of employment. Electri-

cal grid workers are no small part of the

U.S. economy. The Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS) reports that occupations

related to electric power generation,

transmission and distribution accounted

for over 300,000 jobs nationwide with a

mean annual salary of over $65,000.

The Working Group for Investment

in Reliable and Economic Electric Sys-

tems (WIRES) suggests that the country

could see a major surge in employment

with only a relatively modest investment

in our electric infrastructure system.

WIRES projects that barring regulatory

and permitting issues, the transmission

sector is likely to spend between $12-16

billion per year on upgraded transmis-

sion. This level of investment would lead

directly to between 51,000 and 68,000

full-time jobs annually, with anywhere

from 150,000 to 200,000 total full-time

jobs produced a year as a result. The total

economic return on these investments is

estimated at around 250 percent.

In large part this is because transmis-

sion, unlike many sectors, is an eminently

local industry. The group estimates do-

mestic costs at roughly 82 percent of the

Powering America The critical need for transmission

investment to spur growth

total, with construction, design, permit-

ting and most other facets entirely con-

tained within the U.S. Even materials,

which account for 45 percent of total costs

are still estimated at 61 percent domestic.

This kind of investment could prove

particularly important for the struggling

construction sector, which the BLS re-

ports saw an unemployment rate of 14.2

percent in October 2011. The broad instal-

lation category saw a far lower rate of 7.2

percent, which still leaves 388,000 people

in that sector out of work, though this also

includes workers from multiple industries.

Vital to Green Energy

While traditional power sources face

many of the strains imposed by an outdat-

ed grid, the current limitations of the U.S.

transmission system pose an even greater

problem for renewable power. Renew-

able energy sources like solar and wind

power must contend with intermittency,

generating electricity in inconsistent and

often unpredictable patterns. With lim-

ited transmission capacity, these power

sources can overload the grid at times of

unusually high production.

Yet WIRES notes that current stan-

dards on how much power must come

from renewable sources already require

doubling the amount of renewable gen-

eration by the end of this decade. Under

a stricter 20 percent national standard,

EnergyINFRASTRUCTURE


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APS is hiringARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO

APS is the largest electric utility in the state of Arizona

and serves over one million customers. The Company

was established in 1886 and employs more than 6000

people. At APS you’ll find we offer career opportunities

in a variety of fields with competitive compensation and

benefits. You’ll also experience a challenging and creative

work environment, along with opportunities for career

development with a company that believes in doing

business the right way.

We have opportunities in Fossil, Engineering,

Environmental, Renewables, Nuclear, Energy Delivery,

Regulatory, Supply Chain Management and Planners

throughout the state of Arizona and the Four Corners

Region of New Mexico.

Visit us at Booth #1760

and register to win Kindles

or visit our website at aps.jobs

for additional information

about APS.


this growth would be more than 350

percent by 2020 and 450 percent by

2025. Under the more modest current

standards the U.S. would still need near-

ly $60 billion in transmission upgrades

by 2025 just to accommodate growing

renewables. At the stricter standard, that

number would be more than $100 bil-

lion. Either way a signifi cant investment

in our energy infrastructure is going to

be required to sustain reliability.

Facing the Issues

WIRES suggests that transmission com-

panies are likely to spend billions on

expanding and developing the grid in

coming years, which might lead some be-

lieve the issue is well in hand. But these

investments are only likely to come with

the resolution of some serious issues in the

development process. Because transmis-

sion lines cross numerous political bound-

aries and are often seen as unsightly, these

projects can become major targets of pro-

test, extending the approval process and

dramatically raising costs. Many compa-

nies also have no realistic ways to recoup

the costs of building further transmission

lines, as the systems in place are designed

at the state or lower levels with monolithic

utilities in mind.

The Federal Energy Regulatory Com-

mission attempted to address some of the

prevailing concerns with an approval pro-

cess over the summer, introducing Order

No. 1,000 in June. The regulatory agency

imposed new rules requiring a greater de-

gree of regional collaboration on transmis-

sion development, though also required

the costs of these projects be targeted

specifi cally at those who directly benefi t

from them and that utilities consider non-

transmission alternatives fi rst. However,

one crucial development for easing the

approval process was ending the practice

of granting local utilities the fi rst right of

refusal on transmission projects.

In addition to these more recent chang-

es, the American Recovery and Reinvest-

ment Act of 2009 (ARRA) set aside more

than $1.9 billion for distribution and reli-

ability improvements to the grid, but many

of the procedural concerns loom larger in

the industry’s eyes than the outright costs.

Nevertheless, a paper produced by

the Federal Reserve Bank of San Fran-

cisco found the infrastructure invest-

ment of the ARRA resulted in substan-

tial job gains in the years since, making

addressing the lingering issues in the

electrical distribution system an impor-

tant point for encouraging economic

and job growth in the country. ⊗


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NATURAL Gas

THE basis on which natural gas is

sold and priced varies dramati-

cally between global markets.

As natural gas becomes an increas-

ingly important source of energy, un-

derstanding of gas pricing concepts is

crucial for energy producers, consum-

ers, and regulators.

Though natural gas and oil share

many characteristics (both are hydro-

carbons, both are found and produced

using similar methods and equipment,

and both are often produced simulta-

neously) they contrast in the way they

are sold and priced.

Oil is sold by volume or weight, typi-

cally barrels or tons. By contrast, natural

gas is sold by unit of energy. Common

energy units include British Thermal

Units (Btu), Therms, and Joules (J). Nat-

ural gas, when produced

from the reservoir, con-

tains majority methane plus various oth-

er hydrocarbons and, undesirably, some

impurities. Natural gas liquids (NGLs),

a term that includes ethane, propane,

butane, and condensates, are composed

of longer chains of carbon molecules

than methane, and thus, per unit vol-

ume, they burn hotter than methane.

Because they burn hotter, NGLs have

a higher energy content than methane

and even small quantities of NGLs in a

natural gas fl ow can have a large impact

on the overall energy contained in the

natural gas. By contrast, impurities such

as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide

and nitrogen are largely non-combusti-

ble. The presence of these compounds

has the overall effect of reducing the en-

ergy content of the natural gas fl ow.

If suffi cient quantities of NGLs exist

in the natural gas, it is often more eco-

nomic for the fi eld operator to remove

the NGLs from the natural gas fl ow for

direct sale. NGLs are desired by global

markets to produce various petrochemi-

cal products, to be blended with crude

oil to make more valuable products, and

can also be combusted directly. Read-

ers would be familiar with using Lique-

fi ed Petroleum Gas (LPGs), which is a

subsector of NGL containing propane

and butane, for domestic cooking gas

as well as transport fuel in many coun-

tries. NGLs prices tend to track crude

oil prices and thus are much more

valuable sold separately than sold with

the majority methane natural gas fl ow.

Removing NGLs requires relatively so-

phisticated gas processing units which

may not be economic to construct if

the particular natural gas fl ow does

not contain suffi cient quantities of the

more valuable NGLs. Since NGLs are

easier to transport than methane (which

requires either a pipeline, or expensive

Primer on Global Natural Gas Pricing By Vivek Chandra

t

Though natural ggas

and oil share maannyy

characteristics, they

contrast in the way they

are sold and priced.

VIVEK K CHAC NDRNDRAA iiss anan iintnterernanaatititiononnnonononnalalalalalala ooooooiilililiil aandndndndddddddnd gggggggasasaasas ppppppprororrrofefef ssiooooonannnnn l wiw thh

over 20 years extensnsivivee exexpeperirienence innnnn USUSUSS,,, AlAlAlAlAlasasassasasasskakakakkkkkkakk ,,, SESESESS Asisisia,,a,a,, MMMMMMMiddidididdldldldldleeeee EEEaEaE sst,

and Australia. He is currently workikingng iinn AuAuststraraliliaa fofofofofoforrrr aaaaa mimmimimmmm d-dd-d-sisisissis zezeeezeeezeedddddddd AAAAAAuAAAAu tststraalililiiiaaaaana oillilill aaaaaaandnd

ggas company. He previously servedd aass ththee ChChieieff StS raratetegygg OOffiffiffificcceeerr fforo Dubaiaiiaia EEEEEEEnneneergrgrgrgrgy, a

ggog vernment-owned energgyy investment compap nynyyy.. PrPPrioioooorrr totootoo DDDDDubububububaiaiaiai EEEEEneneneneeergrgrgrgrgrgrggyy,yyyy hhhhhhe hhahah ss wowooooorked in

commercial, technical, and strategic rollesesses wwwwititithhhh ARARARARRARARCOCOCOCOCOCOCOOCO IIInterernanaaaatititiit onoononono alalalal aaaandndnd wwwititithh ScScSchlh umberger.

In 2006, Vivek Chandra authored a bestst-s-selellilingngng bbbooookkkkkkk eennentititittitittitltltlltlltltl dedededededededed “““““FuFFuFFFundndndamamamenentatals of Natural

Gas” which was published by Pennwell. He allsoo mmaiaiaintntntaiaiaia nnns a natural gas information website

(www.natgas.info) and runs industry training courses on natural gas that have been held

over 14 times in 9 countries over the past few years. Vivek is also the creator of GasUnits,

an iPhone App that converts natural gas units. Vivek has degrees from Colorado School of

Mines, University of Pennsylvania and the Institut Francais du Petrole – IFP in France.

Vivek can be contacted by email (vchand [email protected]).Vivek can be contacted by email ([email protected]).


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compression or liquefaction transforma-

tion), NGL prices are more infl uenced

by global prices. If NGL relative vol-

umes are low, they are usually left in the

natural gas stream and sold at gas prices.

A large majority of crude oil is bought

and sold directly or indirectly through

highly liquid global markets. Quoted oil

prices usually refer to a specifi c type of

crude oil (with unique characteristics) at

a specifi c delivery location. For example,

in the United States, crude oil price usu-

ally refers West Texas Intermediate, a

specifi c type of oil, sold at a defi ned lo-

cation in Oklahoma. Any oil traded in

the United States would ‘benchmarked’

against this value, and be sold at a premi-

um or discount to this benchmark price.

In contrast, because natural gas is

diffi cult to transport, natural gas pric-

es tend to be set locally or regionally.

The large majority (over 90%) of traded

natural gas is transported by pipeline.

A pipeline may connect a single pro-

ducer with a single buyer of gas – such

as a case of a gas fi eld supplying to a

dedicated power plant – or may con-

sist of a sophisticated grid connecting

thousands of individual gas producers

and thousands (or even – in the case of

a urban grid - millions of gas consum-

ers). Natural gas prices in the fi rst case,

involving a single producer and single

buyer, would be negotiated between

the parties. The seller would require a

price that covers his capital and operat-

ing costs, as well as compensate him for

the risks that he took to discover the gas

fi eld, plus a suffi cient profi t to please

his shareholders. The buyer (electricity

generator) would agree to pay a price

that allows him to earn a suffi cient

margin (ie: differential between the

price he receives for the generate elec-

tricity and the total costs of generation,

including capital and operating costs,

plus his gas fuel costs) that give him a

suffi cient profi t to please his sharehold-

ers. The price of other fuels, such as

diesel or coal, would also factor into his

decision to buy gas from the producer

– however, if the electricity generator

does not have the ability to substitute

gas for these other fuels, the infl uence

of diesel or coal prices may be limited.

In the second case, where there are

many buyers and sellers of gas, traded

prices are most infl uenced by supply and

demand. If the weather is cold, and most

of the gas is used for space heating, gas

prices may rise in the winter months. If

most of the gas is used to generate power

mainly used for air conditioning, gas de-

mand would rise in the hotter summer

months. If gas is used, either directly or

indirectly, by industrial consumers, infl u-

ence of weather would have a minimal

impact on gas demand. Disruptions in gas

supply (due to offshore hurricanes in the

US Gulf of Mexico, for instance) would

limit supplies and thus increase prices.

Most gas markets in the world are

between the two extremes as described

above. The graphic above divides the

world gas markets into four groupings;

GROUP 1:

Gas-on-gas pricing:

This group, which includes North Ameri-

ca and UK, are the most liberal and liquid

gas markets. The regions are character-

ised by large numbers of buyer and sellers

largely competing without governmental

intervention. There are well established

quoted benchmark prices – in the United

States this is the Henry Hub price which

is a theoretical price of gas in Louisiana

and in the UK it the NBP price at a de-

fi ned point in the gas grid – set by trans-

parent markets such as New York Mercan-

tile Exchange (NYMEX). Because gas

prices are set in relation to gas supply and

demand, this system is also referred to as

‘gas-on-gas’ markets.

Because North America, and to a

lesser extent, UK, have an extensive

pipeline and gas storage system, with

opportunities to both export and im-

port gas from outside the markets, gas

can be traded on both current and fu-

ture contracts. It is possible for a buyer

to buy a certain volume of gas, to be

delivered at a certain point on the gas

grid, at a date fi ve years the future, at a

NATURAL GAS continued


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known price today. This sophistication

allows the market to be very effi cient

by maximizing usage of infrastructure

and allowing both buyers and sellers to

plan their fi nancial future. Risks can

be managed but the gas price tends to

be volatile, continuously reacting to

supply and demand sentiments.

An added advantage of a highly liq-

uid system is the spread of infrastructure

over the entire country. A new gas fi eld

can be developed and marketed relative-

ly quickly, assuming that the pipeline

grid is within a short distance. No long

gas marketing efforts are required be-

cause the market sets the price, and all

new gas volumes can usually be absorbed

by the system without the requirements

to negotiate long-term purchase agree-

ments. In theory, no individual supplier

or buyer is able to control prices and the

presence of intermediary parties, such

as gas traders, usually results in more ef-

fi cient markets and lower prices.

GROUP 2:

The second group of gas markets in-

cludes the situation in continental Eu-

rope, and to a lesser extent, in south-east

Asia. In these regions, there is a limited,

but growing, gas grid. There are some

gas storage facilities, and developing gas

market. However, most gas is priced in

relation to other fuels, usually crude oil

or oil products. Thus, gas prices would

be quoted by a formula which ‘indexes’

or is derived from oil prices. The net

effect is that gas is usually, though not

always, sold at a discount – on an equiva-

lent energy basis – to oil and oil products.

The reasons for this are largely histori-

cal – gas production and consumption

began after oil markets were established

and by linking the markets, gas produc-

ers could convince producers to switch

between the fuels – and also because oil

markets are global and transparent, gas

prices could be derived from traded oil-

price fi nancial instruments. When oil

prices rise, oil-linked gas prices would

also rise, and vice-versa.

Gas producers in Norway, Algeria,

and especially, Russia, encouraged this

pricing scheme. They, and their govern-

ment treasuries, understood oil markets

and thus could use the same concepts to

negotiate gas sales contracts. During the

period when oil and gas prices in the US

largely tracked each other, on an energy

equivalent basis, this system suited both

buyers and sellers. However, once oil

prices began to rise in 2008, the spread

between oil and gas prices has wid-

ened dramatically. For example, when

oil prices are $120/bbl, the theoretical

energy equivalent gas price should be

approximately $20/MMbtu. Gas prices

have been a quarter of that level for

the past few years. This discrepancy is

encouraging buyers of oil-linked gas

contracts to question the value of link-

ing the price of the commodities. Dur-

ing the same period, Europe witnessed

the construction of many LNG import

facilities operated by aggressive trading

or utility companies motivated to source

cheaper (and at prices not linked to oil

prices) LNG volumes, displacing the

comparatively expensive pipeline gas for

the traditional suppliers (Norway, North

Africa,and Russia) who have been reluc-

tant to drop their oil price linkage.

As the number of buyers and sellers

of gas in these markets increase, the link

to oil prices will weaken and, in time,

this markets in this group will begin to

resemble the more liberal and open ‘gas-

on-gas’ markets of Group 1.

GROUP 3:

This group is characterised by the tra-

ditional LNG markets of north Asia,

especially Japan. Japan has very limited

energy resources and does not have the

ability to import gas by pipeline. Almost

all of Japan’s gas is delivered to the is-

lands via LNG. The LNG was initially

sourced from Alaska and south-east Asia

but current suppliers also include the

Middle East and Australia.

Prior to the introduction of LNG,

Japanese power utilities relied on im-

ported crude oil and coal for their

power generation. Similar to the Euro-

pean experience, these risk-averse buy-

ers insisted on a guaranteed discount to

convince them to substitute liquid and

solid fuel for LNG sourced from poten-

tially instable and risky countries such

as Indonesia and Malaysia. The 1973 oil

shock convinced them to take a chance

on this new fuel, but only if the prices

are linked to oil and guaranteed a dis-

count at all oil prices. They also wanted


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a ceiling concept to be introduced to

that future oil shocks would not trans-

late into higher gas prices.

The solution was the innovative ‘S’

curve concept. In this system, a graph

with a horizontal axis showing the

weighted average of Japan crude oil im-

port price, known as the Japan Crude

Cocktail (JCC) price is plotted against

the LNG import gas price. The middle

section of the line is the range where

changes in the JCC have a direct impact

on LNG prices. The slope of this section

of the line determines the relationship

between the two prices. If the slope is

16.7%, LNG prices are equal, on an en-

ergy equivalent basis, to crude oil. Slopes

less than 16.7% imply that LNG is sold at

a discount to oil, and slopes greater than

16.7%, though rare, imply that LNG

will sell at a premium price to oil. In the

1970s to 2000 period, the slope was in

the 14% range, implying a large LNG

price discount. As the markets tightened

in the period between 2006 and 2008,

the slope increased to 16% and in some

cases, exceed the 16.7% threshold. The

slope for new LNG contracts signed in

2011 is in the 14.5% - 15% range.

Because the ‘S’ curve equations uses

a weighted average price of oil (over pe-

riods of a month or more and over differ-

ent grades of oil), the equation helped to

protect Japan against sudden or regional

crude oil price shocks.

The lower slope sections below and

above the ‘kink points’ in the line are

the ‘S’ curve legs. If these sections are

horizontal, they would be ‘fl oor ‘and

‘ceiling’ prices where LNG prices are

fl at and thus no longer linked to oil

prices. The fl oor prices protect the

LNG seller – the seller is guaranteed

a certain minimum price irrespective

if the oil prices drop below the kink-

point. The ceiling price, on the other

hand, protects the LNG buyer, who is

guaranteed a maximum price for the

LNG, even if oil prices rise over the de-

fi ned kink-point. The ‘S’ curve model

has been followed by most of the LNG

contracts to Japan, Korea and Taiwan.

This model allowed long-term contracts

and fi nancing arrangements that facili-

tated multi-billion dollar investments in

LNG chain.

Emerging buyers of LNG, such as

China and India, are resisting the explic-

it link to oil prices as they see a future

period of high oil price and relatively low

gas prices – thus they see no benefi t in

linking the cheaper gas to more expen-

sive oil. LNG is used by gas combusting

power generators who do not have the

ability to burn oil as a substitute for gas

making the link harder to justify.

The Japanese market is characterized

by a handful of LNG buyers, each who

operate a local pipeline grid radiating

from their own LNG receiving termi-

nals. There is no real national pipeline

grid in Japan and it is relatively diffi cult

to trade gas from one company’s system

to another. The consequence of this is

that there is no national gas market and

high ineffi ciencies in the system. The

few gas trading companies are relegated

to trading LNG cargoes, not actual pipe-

line gas deliveries.

The situation in Korea and Taiwan

is even more dominated by the market

leaders. In both markets, one company

effectively controls the entire the pipe-

line grid and buys a majority of the

LNG cargoes imported by the country.

If the current dynamic of high oil

prices and low gas prices (in markets

such as the US) continue, LNG import-

ers in north Asia may demand a weak-

ening of the link to oil prices. However,

since the utilities are effectively all state

controlled and have the ability to pass

increased costs to their customers, it is

unlikely that this driver will result in a

rapid change in the status-quo.

GROUP 4:

Regulated markets dominate much of

the other regions of the world. In these

regions, the gas markets are relatively

immature and largely controlled by the

State. The gas prices may be nationally

set (by decree in many cases) and all

supply in entered into a gas ‘pool’. The

state manages the differences in sup-

ply prices, and may chose to sell gas at

prices less than the average ‘pool’ price

for political reasons. There is no trans-

parency in prices, no markets, and very

little incentive – unless they receive spe-

cial licence from the government – for

private sector investment in supply or in-

frastructure. If the mandated gas prices

are artifi cially low, such as in the Middle

East, ineffi cient consumption of energy

often occurs.

In the future, natural gas pricing

around the world will continue to be

divergent and unlinked between mar-

kets. As the LNG industry grows and

links more and more markets, there

may be some convergence at the mar-

gins – however, since a large majority of

gas will continue to be transported by

pipeline, the overall impact of this will

be limited. ⊗

NATURAL GAS continued

In the future,

natural gas pricing

around the world

will continue to be

divergent and unlinked

between markets.


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HR Insights

GENERATIONS X and Y will contin-

ue to challenge us as fi rm owners

and managers; they will test the

waters and will sometimes go overboard.

However, their style is here to stay, and

trying to fi t them into the what-worked-

before model will only cause headaches.

Of course, we all know there are fewer

people in the next generations, making

it that much more important to focus on

recruiting and retaining them. How can

a fi rm overhaul its entire approach to em-

ployee recruiting and retention when half

their staff is still sold on and used to the

old way? Baby steps, that’s how.

Here are some tips to implement into

your day-to-day retention strategy.

1. Encourage them to use online

social networks. Take the site-block off

of MySpace and Facebook and Linke-

dIn. These sites offer more than one

would think; besides a good way to blow

off steam during the day (we all need a

5-minute break), they offer much more.

As online social network-

ing grows, these sites be-

come much larger hubs of information,

which, when used correctly, can benefi t

your fi rm. The sites allow people to keep

in touch and see what their friends and

connections are up to. Within a few min-

utes, you could know who is looking to

make a job change (great recruiting strat-

egy), who is relocating to your area, what

fi rms are hiring, etc.

2. Flex time. The option to come

in early and leave early or come in late

and leave later is very appealing to these

generations. Some are trying to balance

a social life, while others are trying to

balance their family life. Offering your

employees the benefi t of arriving at work

an hour early or later gives them the

fl exibility to schedule “life issues” such

as daycare, eldercare, or doctor appoint-

ments. With this fl exibility also comes a

great benefi t to the employer; it allows

the employee to be in the offi ce for a

“full shift” rather than having to take

extra time off for an appointment.

3. Flex offi ce. “If I can get it done,

and get it done well, why does it mat-

Ten tips for retaining the neXt generationBy Justin G. Roy, SullivanKreiss

JUSTIN G. ROY is the chief operating offi cer of SullivanKreiss, a nationalexecutive search fi rm that serves the engineering, environmental consulting

engineering, planning, architecture, and landscape architecture sectors. He is responsible forththee mamananagegemementnt ooff rerecrcruiuititingng oopeperaratitiononss, aalolongng wwitithh clclieientnt aandnd pprorojejectct ddevevelelopopmementnt. RoRoyy alalsosoadvises clients on recruitment strategy, compensation, relocation, outplacement, and otherhuman resources issues. He is also the cofounder of Networking for a Cause, a non-profi torganization dedicated to raising awareness for non-profi ts and like-minded people. Roy hasa BA in international business with a concentration in Spanish studies from AssumptionCollege in Worcester, Mass. He was the recipient of the 2004 Crown and Shield Award for hiscivic and global service and leadership.civic and global service and leadership.

ter where I work?” From working at a

coffee shop to working from home, the

technology age has allowed us to be

more mobile than ever. Put together a

laptop, cellular telephone, and an inter-

net connection, and you have an instant

offi ce. In fact, most people will never

know that you are not in the offi ce (with

calls forwarded to the cell phone).

4. Reward based on merit. More

and more people in the workforce do

not believe in the old equation of time

put in = promotion. They look at their

individual contribution to the com-

pany and to the team as a metric for

promotion and merit rewards.

5. Be a socially conscious organiza-

tion. “Sustainability” and “green” are the

hot words today. The younger genera-

tions are very interested in social and en-

vironmental happenings, both through

the media as well as through their em-

ployer. Communicate what your fi rm

does to better society and benefi t the en-

vironment. If you come up empty-hand-

ed, ask your employees to come up with

a program. It can be as simple as volun-

teering at a reading program, spending

a day rebuilding or renovating a house

for somebody in your community, plan-

ning ways to make your offi ce “green.”

Get everybody involved, and you create

emotional equity, making it a bit more

diffi cult for these folks to leave your fi rm.

6. Training. Offer opportunities for

your staff to further their knowledge, for

work-related functions as well as career-

focused training. People are always ex-

cited and interested in furthering their

knowledge and see it as a huge benefi t

when a fi rm offers these courses. If you

cannot afford to hold them at your of-

fi ce, send candidates out to a training

program for a day or two out of the of-

fi ce; when they come back, ask them to

make a presentation to the rest of the

company about what they learned.


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7. Management style. Flat-line man-

agement is top choice lately, and for a lot

of good reasons. How many times have

you been on top of—or at the bottom

of—a delivered message, only to fi nd out

the end person heard a very different

version? This is a good example of the

telephone game.

8. Spend time and mentor. Make sure

you spend time with every employee, on

a project, by the water cooler, or even

at a one-on-one lunch. These conversa-

tions will help others understand who

and what management is and will help

you create a bond with your employees.

The same adage goes with being a man-

ager as it does with networking: If you

do not know three things about the oth-

er person that are not work-related, then

you need to rethink your style.

9. iPod Friday. Quite a few fi rms have

been banning the use of iPods in the

offi ce, noting the loss of collaboration

opportunities between colleagues, loss

of communication, and missed mentor-

ing opportunities that could have been

seized by simply listening to more expe-

rienced staff in the offi ce. The younger

generations, however, justify the use of

iPods, saying they help concentration,

allow them to be more creative, and

help get the job done faster. Allow your

employees to bring in and wear their

iPods on Friday (or another day). Make

known the expectation that it should not

hinder their work or ability to get the job

done. Of course, guidelines will need to

be set, such as volume (so they can still

hear the telephone), but try to work with

rather than against them.

10. Gym membership. Offer discount-

ed or free membership to a local gym, or

build your own. While our belts seems to

be getting tighter by the day, this genera-

tion is growing up with the overhaul in the

fast food industry. Ask any of them who

Jared (Fogle) is; I bet you they will men-

tion Subway. Take a look at the McDon-

ald’s menu now—they are offering fruit

and milk Obesity and healthy eating are

today’s headlines. I have seen this benefi t

sway a potential employee to signing the

papers with one company versus the other.

It is also no secret that healthy employees

tend to take less time off and have fewer

health problems. This benefi t is one that

can add to your bottom line.

Are some of these ideas and tips ex-

tremely wild? Of course they are. But so

is the next generation. Being proactive

on retention today will yield a much

higher return than the fi rms who are re-

active tomorrow. ⊗


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ENERGY Insights

THE recent announcements of

energy companies to split down-

stream, midstream and upstream

businesses into two separate units should

have positive effects on job seekers in

the E&P market, and here is why:

• Departures throughout the compa-

nies during the transition will occur;

it is reasonable to assume that some

employees will take this change as

an opportunity to make a change in

their own careers.

• A number of positions may need to

be refi lled after all is said and done:

Two organizations now have to com-

plete their rosters, and key person-

nel will have to stay on with either

of the companies. This will mostly

affect corporate oversight roles, HR,

IT, SCM, and similar, as technical

experts will probably make the move

with the assets.

• While the organizations are recom-

pleted, it is very likely that changes

previously postponed and not actu-

ally related to the split

will be taken care of at

the same time as well. This could

affect all departments, commercial

and technical and create additional

hiring opportunities.

• Once the reorganizations are com-

plete, it is easy to foresee a period of

asset re-evaluations, as the new com-

panies make sense of their balance

sheets and their competitive advan-

tages with the assets in their respec-

tive markets. Changes of this kind

will require business development

and transactional experience that

may or may not currently exist.

• The period of asset re-evaluation will

result in newly required operational

expertise. This will cause healthy de-

mand within the next two years after

the reorganization.

• Each of the above has an effect on

all those who support companies in

a major reorganization from the ser-

vice side. While certain aspects and

work processes will stay in-house, one

can naturally assume that some out-

side help in refocusing the organiza-

tions’ activities will be required.

In short, changes always create op-

portunities. Keep your eyes and ears

open to events in the marketplace and

read between the lines as press releas-

es are issued by the companies of your

interest. ⊗

Breaking up is hard to do – but will be beautiful to job seekers!By Volker Rathmann, President of Collarini Energy Staffi ng Inc.

VOLKER RATHMANN is the President of Collarini Energy Staffi ng Inc. Hejoined the fi rm in 2001. Prior to joining CESI, he held the position of Chief

Financial Offi cer for INTEC Engineering, a provider of specialized engineering services ingglobal frontier and deep-water projects. Before INTEC Engineering, Volker held a number ofleading positions in operations, marketing, and fi nance within the Daimler AG. Volker earneda Bachelo s deg ee in business administ ation in Be lin, Ge many.a Bachelor’s degree in business administration in Berlin, Germany.


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TRAINING Insights

THE constant evolution and in-

novation of the energy industry

presents an ongoing challenge

for both new and experienced work-

ers. For graduating students entering

the industry, there is a need to supple-

ment education with specifi c training,

to ensure they will have the necessary

skills as they begin their new careers.

For the existing workforce, the need to

stay up-to-date is constant, and work-

ers who don’t stay current risk missed

advancement opportunities or even

replacement. Luckily, both groups are

being served by training and certifi ca-

tion courses available across the coun-

try, and abroad. Whether it’s long-form

basic training in a specifi c energy seg-

ment, or short courses providing the

latest in industry advances, students of

all levels have many choices.

Choosing a Provider

The fi rst step in the path to continued

education or training is making choic-

es. Prospective students need to know

exactly what they hope to achieve.

Most facilities are clear about exactly

what their classes will offer. Compar-

ing what’s available against a student’s

needs is crucial to making the best use

of one’s time and training.

Determining Needs

Students in need of comprehensive

energy education are only one seg-

ment of the potential trainee pool.

A glance at Pennenergy.com’s home

page shows how fast the industry

is evolving. That constant change

means nearly everyone in the industry

could benefi t from supplemental edu-

cation. That’s available in a variety of

forms, from short training classes with

only a single session to lengthy cours-

es requiring a weekly commitment for

several months.

Energy to Succeed

The path to energy training is out there

for those ready to take the fi rst step

By Hilton Price

Training Opportunities for the Energy Industry

Power Generation University

Comprehensive continuing education courses for power generation professionals

http://www.powergenu.com/default.aspx

Everblue

Training institute focused on solar and wind power.

http://www.everblue.edu/

Heatspring Learning Institute

Provides courses in solar and geothermal energy

http://www.heatspring.com/

California Wind Tech

Provides entry-level wind training

http://www.californiawindtech.com/

Cleanedison

Offers training in solar and other green energy sources

http://www.cleanedison.com/

B&W Babcock & Wilcox

Offers training seminars in Biomass boiler technology.

http://www.babcock.com/

Solar Energy International

Renewable energy education available from certifi ed solar energy trainers and certifi ed Solar installers.

http://www.solarenergy.org/

National Alternative Fuels

Training Consortium

Based out of West Virginia University, this group offers training in alternative fuels.

http://www.naftc.wvu.edu/


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Making a Switch

There are also people interested in

switching companies, or even moving

to a different energy industry altogether.

For them, comparing the offerings of a

specifi c class or course against the re-

quirements of a current or desired job

can help make the best choice. Train-

ing is available in every segment of the

industry, from introductions to renew-

ables to intense studies on the growth of

the petroleum industry.

Going the Distance

There is also a question of location.

With training facilities located around

the country and the world, there is no

shortage of available educational oppor-

tunities located close to some of the in-

dustry’s biggest employers. Likewise, for

students and trainees unable or unwill-

ing to travel far, a facility within a reason-

able distance is almost a guarantee.

Paying the Bills

Finally, there’s the issue of fi nancing.

Some facilities offer fi nancial assistance,

while some require greater out-of-pock-

et expense. This information is read-

ily available. Knowing one’s fi nancial

resources and what’s available within

those restraints can make the decision

for some students before any other fac-

tors are considered. Luckily, even within

those constraints, students should still be

able to fi nd multiple choices.

Begin the Journey

Whether it’s a complete informational

overhaul or a simple supplement to years

of training, education is out there. Indus-

try, location, cost, and course contents;

these factors are easy to fi nd online and

by request. We’ve provided a list below to

get you started. Whether you’re ready to

begin your journey into natural gas or add

the latest hydropower research to your

personal knowledge base, in the end, the

most important energy is your own.

While this piece examines only 20

educational facilities, prospective stu-

dents of petroleum and power-genera-

tion will fi nd prestigious opportunities

in both public and private institutions

across the US and internationally. ⊗

Biocom Institute

provides comprehensive education as a bridge between university training and industry positions.

http://biocominstitute.org/

Airstreams Renewables, Inc.

Offers accelerated career training programs in wind and renewable energy.

http://www.air-streams.com/

Petroleum Education Workshops

Education and training for oil and gas personnel

http://www.petroleumeducation.com/index.php

Society of Petroleum Engineers

Offer training and professional competency programs.

http://www.spe.org/training/

American Petroleum Institute

Offers training and certifi cation classes.

http://www.api.org/certifi cations/

Petroskills

Provides training in topics spanning the industry, from Exploration & Production to Surface Facilities, Operations & Maintenance, and HSE.

http://www.petroskills.com/

Opito

Provides oil $ gas skill training and workforce development.

http://www.opito.com/

Peice

The Petroleum Institute for Continuing Education is a privately held training organization established in 1998, offering short courses and seminars.

http://www.peice.com/

petroEDGE

PetroEdge is a specialist Oil & Gas training provider headquartered in Asia.

http://www.petroedgeasia.net/

GTI

GTI provides education and training in gas distribution, transmission, supply, and marketing.

http://www.gastechnology.org/

Industrial Training Services

Provides training and qualifi cation for the gas industry.

http://www.its-training.com/

Southern Gas Association

Offers natural gas education and training.

http://www.southerngas.org/


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SUNDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2011 – COMPETITIVE POWER COLLEGE PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOPS

8:00 AM – 5:00 PM

CPC 101; Room N101 CPC 102; Room N102 CPC103; Room N103

Power Plant Construction

Management: A Guide for Survival

Turbine Generator Failures:

Prediction and Prevention

HRSG Fundamentals –

Design and Commissioning of

Combined Cycle HRSGs

8:00 AM – 5:00 PM

SUNDAY & MONDAY, DECEMBER 11 & 12, 2011 – COMPETITIVE POWER COLLEGE PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOPS –

CPC 204; Room N110

Boiler Water Treatment Technology

MONDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2011 – COMPETITIVE POWER COLLEGE PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOPS

8:00 AM – 5:00 PM

CPC 301;

Room N101

CPC 302;

Room N102

CPC 303;

Room N103

CPC 304;

Room N107

CPC 305;

Room N111

CPC 306;

Room N113

Capital

Investment

Analysis for Power

Plant Projects

Harness Your

Heatrate and

Unleash the Power

of Your Data

Strategy for

Securing Nuclear

Opportunities

Beyond the

Generator:

Transformer

Considerations

for Generating

Stations

Basic Gas Turbine

Metallurgy and

Component Repair

IEEE Power

System Relaying

Committee

Tutorial on the

Protection of

Synchronous

Generators

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 13, 2011

9:30 AM – 11:30 AM

OPENING KEYNOTE ADDRESS Las Vegas Hilton; Barron Room

Mr. David Walsh Senior VP of Service and Manufacturing; Mitsubishi Power Systems America

Mr. Don Karner President & CEO; ECOtality North America

Mr. Elmo Collins Regional Administrator; U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

CONFERENCE TRACKS & SESSIONS

Industry Trends/

Competitive

Power

Generation I

Room N111

Industry Trends /

Competitive Power

Generation II

Room N113

Environmental

Issues I

Room N109

Environmental

Issues II

Room N103

Fossil

Technologies I

Room N107

Fossil

Technologies II

Room N108

1:30 PM – 3:30 PM

1A - Macro-Trends

Affecting U.S.

Power Projects –

Panel Discussion

2A - Flexible Gas-

Fired Generation in

a Rapid Response

World - Panel

Discussion

3A - CO2 Capture

Technology Update

4A - Recent

Experience in

Multi-Pollutant

Control

5A - Performance

Issues Facing

Modern Coal

Plants

6A - Material and

Construction

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 14, 2011

7:30 AM – 9:00 AMNetworking Breakfast – Ballroom C, Las Vegas Hilton

9:30 AM – 11:30 AM

1B - Marginal

Fossil Units –

Revive, Repower

or Retire

2B - Project

Execution:

Successfully

Managing Risks

and Uncertainties

– Panel Discussion

3B - Regulatory

Issues and

Environmental

Compliance

4B - Utility MACT

Environmental

Compliance

5B - Material

Handling

Challenges and

Solutions

6B - Major CCS

Demonstration

Projects

1:30 PM – 3:30 PM

1C - Future

Directions in

Generation

Capacity – Panel

Discussion

2C - Asset

Management for

Load-Following

and Cycling

3C -

Advancements in

Mercury Control

4C - SO2 Control

Technology Update

5C - Integrated

Gasifi cation

Combined Cycle

(IGCC): Technology

Update

6C - Emissions

Control

Technology

Improvements

THURSDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2011

7:30 AM – 9:00 AM Networking Breakfast – Ballroom C, Las Vegas Hilton

9:00 AM – 9:45 AM PLENARY SESSION: Room N111 State of the Economy in 45 Minutes

10:00 AM – 11:30 AM Mega-Session I; Room N110 Mega-Session II; Room N112

Grid Integration of Large Amounts of Renewable Energy Large Frame Gas Turbines

December 13 – 15, 2011

Las Vegas Convention Center Las Vegas, Nevada USA


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HALF-DAY WORKSHOPS

CPC 104; Room N109

1:00 PM – 5:00 PM

CPC 201; Room N108 CPC 202; Room N107

Basic Hydraulics & Optimizing Pump

Performance and Reliability

Improving Handling and

Storage of Coal and

Other Bulk Materials

DCS End-of-Life Survival Guide

TWO-DAY WORKSHOP

HALF-DAY WORKSHOPS

8:00 AM – 12:00 PM

CPC 401;

Room N108

CPC 402;

Room N109

1:00 PM – 5:00 PM

CPC 501;

Room N108

CPC 502;

Room N109

Turbine Generator

Torsional Vibration

Failure Prevention

Specialized

Marketing, Sales

& Communication

Techniques to the

Power Generation

Market

Gas Turbine

Combustion:

Emissions, Operability

and Combustion

Dynamics

Indian Power

Generation Market

Strategic Review &

Forecast - 2011

Gas Turbine

Technologies

Room N110

Renewable Energy I

Room N112

Renewable Energy II

Room N114

On-Site Power

Room N117

Plant Performance I

Room N101

Plant Performance II

Room N102

7A - Advances

in Gas Turbine

Operations and

Maintenance

8A - Bulk Energy

Storage Solutions

for Transmission

Challenges

9A - The Future of

Renewable Energy

– Trends in Policy,

Financing & Technology

– Panel Discussion

10A - Building

Blocks of On-Site

Power: Microgrids,

Distributed

Generation

11A - Gas Turbine

Optimization and

Performance

Evaluation

12A - Asset

Betterment

7B - Combined

Cycle

8B - Technology and

Market Advances

for Utility Scale

Solar Power

9B - Cutting-Edge

Biomass Applications

for Power Generation

10B - Increase Profi ts

by Reducing Costs

11B - Effective

Maintenance

Strategies

12B - Combustion,

Coal-Flow and Soot-

Blowing Optimization

7C - Gas Turbine

Technology and

Applications

8C - Small-Scale

Energy Storage

Technologies:

What’s Working?

9C - U.S. Wind

Power Update

10C - Current

Trends Impacting

On-Site Power –

Panel Discussion

11C - Steam Turbine

Reliability, Availability

and Effi ciency

12C - Performance

Improvement through

Instruments, Controls

and Electrical Systems

Mega-Session III; Room N114

Asia Report - Impact of China and India Energy Sector Development

on the Global Power Industry – Panel Discussion


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