rey ty. (2014). environmentalism: contending approaches to working with nature

© 2013 Rey Ty

Contending Approaches

to Working with Nature

Rey Ty

Northern Illinois University © 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Working with Nature:

What Kind?Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty


What Kind?© 2012 Rey Ty

Northern Illinois UniversityInternational Training Office

© 2013 Rey Ty

Workshop:

Define “Environmentalism”

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© 2013 Rey Ty

Workshop:

Give an Example of “Environmentalism”

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Problem of Unit of Analysis

1. An animal?

2. A group?

3. A country?

4. An entire ecological niche?

5. A region?

6. A country?

7. The world?

Naomi Zack. (2010). The Big Book of Philosophy. New York, NY: Fall River Press, p. 418.

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Nature Seen from…

1.Deontology: Right & Duties

2.Utility

3.Ethics & Virtue

4.Care

© 2013 Rey Ty

1. Deep Ecology• Totally eco-

centric• Respect *all*

things & sentient beings

• They all have *intrinsic* purpose

• They don’t need to serve human needs

© 2013 Rey Ty

1. We believe

in deep ecology.

© 2013 Rey Ty

2. Hoax!•Climate change is a myth!

© 2013 Rey Ty

2. Climate change is

a hoax.

© 2013 Rey Ty

3. Conservative• Conservation• Save flora & fauna• So that I can go

fishing & hunting

© 2013 Rey Ty

3. We are involved in

conservation.

© 2013 Rey Ty

4. Updated Traditional Waste Management

• Blame the consumer

• Reduce, reuse, recycle (3 Rs)

© 2013 Rey Ty

4. We practice 3Rs or updated

traditional waste management.

© 2013 Rey Ty

Women & Environment•“Women play a major role, esp. in developing countries, in natural resource management.”Michael Picard. (2012). Philosophy. NY, NY: Metro Books, p. 75.

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

5. We believe in & practice

Eco-Feminism.

© 2013 Rey Ty

6. Agro-Forestry• Plant trees to be cut down on a massive commercial scale later

© 2013 Rey Ty

6. We are engaged in

agro-forestry.

© 2013 Rey Ty

7. Sustainable Development

•Think about the future generations;

•Use alternative energy

© 2013 Rey Ty

7. We are engaged in sustainable

development.

© 2013 Rey Ty

8. Slow Food Movement• Anti-Fast

Food• Buy produce

from local farmers

• Organic Food

© 2013 Rey Ty

8. We only eat the slow

food way.

© 2013 Rey Ty

9. Agro-Ecology• Link ecology

with society, economics & culture

• Long-term impact

• Use traditional knowledge, alternative agriculture & local food system

© 2013 Rey Ty

9. We believe in

agro-ecology.

© 2013 Rey Ty

9. Radical Ecology• Blame trans-

national corporate power, not consumers

• Problem is monopoly corporate control over resources

© 2013 Rey Ty

10. We believe in

radical ecology.

© 2013 Rey Ty

11. Animal Liberation• Peter Singer• Utilitarian• Happiness not just

for human animals• Stop animal suffering• Anti-human

spieciesism• Understand Ethics. (2014).

Blacklick, OH: McGraw-Hill, pp. 84, 200-201.

© 2013 Rey Ty

11. Animal Liberation

•“Americans have treated wild species poorly, but… domestic pet have…been given the royal treatment… In 2007, they spent 41 billion dollars on pets.”

•Irony of Spiecisism:Naomi Zack. (2010). The Big Book of Philosophy. New York, NY: Fall River Press, p. 421.

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

10. Animal Liberation• Human

animals must respect co-animals

• Humane treatment

• Don’t eat co-animals

• Vegans

© 2013 Rey Ty

No to Cruelty to Animals

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

10. Animal Liberation“Singer has claimed that the privileging of

human life & well-being over that of

animals is speciesism, which…is no different from racism & sexism.”

Naomi Zack. (2010). The Big Book of Philosophy. New York, NY: Fall River

Press, p. 421.

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Do not hurt

animals.

© 2013 Rey Ty

• Foodscaping• Plant veggies

& fruit trees• Raise chicken• Honey• Organic

composting

11. Grow Food Not Lawns

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Environmental Racisms•“Minorities, who live in poor neighborhoods, are more vulnerable to having toxic dump sites…”

Naomi Zack. (2010). The Big Book of Philosophy. New York, NY: Fall River Press, p. 422.

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Environmental Racisms•“…international scholars have criticized Western environmentalists for assuming that development in poor countries for the improvement of human life is less important than the preservation of nature.”

Naomi Zack. (2010). The Big Book of Philosophy. New York, NY: Fall River Press, p. 422. © 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Materialistic World

Land, Water, Plants, Human & Non-

Human Animals, Minerals…

History,World,

National & Local

Society,Economy,Politics, Culture

WomenMen

IndigenousPeasants

Blue Collar & White Collar

WorkersLandlordsCapitalists

Buy, buy, buy… Throw, throw, throw…

Power, justice, inequality, conflict, social change, peace

© 2013 Rey Ty

© 2013 Rey Ty

Human Beings

Contradictions & Dialectical Historical Development in Time & Space

Necessity, Oppressive Consciousness & Structure

Economy

Polit

ics

Culture

Ideo

logy

Freedom, Liberating Consciousness & Agency

Class

Gender

Col

orA

bilities

So

ciet

y Natu

rePhilo

Ethics

Difference

Uni

quen

ess

Age

Psych

12

3

Ethnicity

Centrifugal Forces

Centripetal Forces

© 2013 Rey Ty

Past Future

Present

rey ty. (2014). environmentalism: contending approaches to working with nature

Education

new york

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animal liberation singer

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