RFID TAGSA presentation by: Mike Costello A.J. Masset Nick Mehring

THESIS Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

technology is widely used today and has many potential uses in the future.

CONTENTS Introduction Technology background History Today’s usage Potential usage

Pros Cons

RFID TAGS  A technology that uses communication

via radio waves to exchange data between a reader and an electronic tag attached to an object, for the purpose of identification and tracking.

RFID TAGS CONT. Radio-frequency identification involves a few

components: Interrogators (known as readers) Tags (known as labels)

Integrated circuit for storing/processing data Antenna for receiving/transmitting a signal

RFID software or middleware

RFID TAGS CONT. Three types:

Passive Using no battery

Active Using battery (always beaconing signal) Can be read from farther distances

Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) Small battery onboard activated in presence of reader

RFID TAGS CONT. Read Only

Memory is factory programmed, cannot be modified

Very limited quantity of data can be stored, usually 96 bits

Can be easily integrated with data collection systems

Typically cheaper than read-write tags Read-Write

Can be as well read as written to Data is dynamically altered Can store a larger amount of data, typically

ranging from 32 kBytes to 128 kBytes More expensive

HOW IT WORKS CONT. Passive Tags

RFID tag passes through presence of scanner and detects activation signal

Radio waves are sent from reader to tag Coiled antenna within the tag forms a magnetic

field Tag draws power and energizes circuits in the tag

and sends information encoded in memory

HOW IT WORKS Active Tags

Batteries power circuits to send radio waves to a reader from an antenna on the tag (like a cell phone to a base station)

Reader’s antenna receives information to be stored

HOW IT WORKS CONT. Battery Assisted Passive (BAP) Tag

Battery used to maintain memory in the tag or power the electronics that enable the tag to modulate the reflected signal

Acts same as passive when communicating

HOW IT WORKS CONT.

HISTORY Traced back to WWII Warn of approaching planes First patent for an RFID tag was in 1973

Active tag, rewritable memory Same year, passive transponder was used to

unlock a door without a key

CURRENT USAGE Inventory tracking

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Zj7txoDxbE Race timing Pay tolls (EZ-Pass) Passports Pet doors Tracking devices Hospitals Refigerators Casino chips

MERCHANDISE RFID tags on clothes, CDs, movies, etc. Reader at door

Alarm sounds when not deactivated at register

RACE TIMING Timing is everything Active and Passive Boston Marathon

Checkpoints

EZ-PASS Electronic toll collection system Drive through tolls without stopping Automatically takes money out of account RFID mounted behind rear-view mirror Antenna mounted above road

PASSPORT Chip contains persons information

Name, nationality, gender, DOB, POB, digital photo

RFID matches paper More difficult for tampering

Encrypted digital signatures Can break the RFID chip with a hammer

Doesn’t invalidate the passport

PET DOOR RFID tag on pets Reader on door Allow pet to go in and out

Will not allow foreign pets in (neighbor’s pets can’t eat your pet’s food)

JAPAN TRACKS KIDS RFID tags on school children’s backpacks in

Osaka Readers mounted on the doors

Unauthorized visitors will be denied access Track movements of minors

Allows parents to know their kids got to school safely via mobile phone

Cards with RFID given to season ticket holders Contains info about paid games Can update card via phone or computer If stolen, unique code will deactivate card, and

new one may be purchased Cut lines at turnstiles

Went from 10-20 seconds to 4 seconds per ticket Increases safety

Nearby roads are now empty on game days due to decrease in lines

FULHAM FOOTBALL CLUB

HOSPITALS New York and Germany Tagging patients Bracelets are scanned by doctors

Patient records, correct dosage of drugs Tagging blood

Right blood reaches right person

SAMSUNG REFRIGERATOR Samsung RFID enables refrigerator Tells current contents of fridge Can tell what you are low on Displays recipes that you currently have

stocked Working on displaying info on laptop/phone Predicted that when TV’s are RFID, custom

commercials will be displayed by what is low in the fridge

LAS VEGAS CASINOS RFID imbedded in high value chips Readers around casino

Prevents counterfeiting, stealing Track betting patterns Decrease dealer errors

CURRENT SECURITY Encryption Tin foil method Passport case

IBM COMMERCIAL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eob532iEp

qk&playnext=1&list=PL1E873E327447330F Very controversial Privacy laws updated Security is a huge concern

+

POSSIBLE TECHNOLOGIES Own home Temperature/scents of each

room Music, TV Programs. Already in use Given to guests

as necklace

POSSIBLE TECHNOLOGIES CONT. Washing Machines,

automatic washing. Use in paper money it

eliminate counterfeit and track criminals

Cash just as traceable as credit card if linked to drivers license

POSSIBLE TECHNOLOGIES Use on produce,

track shopping trends. Stores write information to your drivers license or credit card RFID.

Easily track food force source, making food supply chain much safer

POSSIBLE TECHNOLOGIES CONT. Uses in roads to

prevent accidents.

Automatic driving?

Gun control, registration

RELATION TO IS Database usage Middleware is used Security measures Rapidly growing field

SOURCES http

://www.buzzle.com/articles/amazing-rfid-8-current-uses-of-radio-frequency-identification.html

http://www.silicon.com/technology/networks/2006/11/30/top-10-the-best-worst-and-craziest-uses-of-rfid-39164446/

http://www.traser-project.eu/documents/RFID_MITIP2006.pdf

http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/100_uses_of_rfid.php

http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/view/1338

QUESTIONS