rfid

RFID: Technology and Applications

SUNIL GONDB.TECH-ECE

Outline RFID History What is RFID? -RFID System Components RFID Tag -Type of Tag -Tag block diagram RFID Reader Future RFID advantage RFID disadvantage Applications Conclusion

GALGOTIA’S COLLAGE OF ENG. AND TECH. G. NOIDARFID-2013

RFID History

• First Bar code patents – 1930s• First use of RFID device – 2nd world war –

Brittan used RFID-like technology for Identify- Friend.

• First RFID Patent - 1973• Auto-ID center founded at MIT – 1999• Current thrust primarily driven by Wal-Mart.

GALGOTIA’S COLLAGE OF ENG. AND TECH. G. NOIDA

What is RFID?

• RFID = Radio Frequency IDentification.

• An ADC (Automated Data Collection) technology that:– uses radio-frequency waves to transfer data between a

reader and a movable item to identify, categorize, track.

– does not require physical sight between reader and the tagged item.

– Performs the operation using low cost components. Other ADC technologies: Bar codes, OCR.


RFID : CIRCUIT DIAGROM

RFID tags

•An RFID tag is a microchip combined with an antenna in a compact package.•RFID tags can be very small.•Tags can be attached to almost anything:

– Items, cases of products, high value goods– vehicles, assets, livestock or personnel

Types of Tags•Passive Tags

– Do not require power – Draws from Interrogator Field– Lower storage capacities (few bits to 1 KB)– Usually Write-Once-Read-Many/Read-Only tags– Cost around 25 cents to few dollars

•Active Tags – Battery powered– Higher storage capacities (512 KB)– Typically can be re-written by RF Interrogators– Cost around 50 to 250 dollars

RFID readers

• Reader functions:– Remotely power tags– Establish a bidirectional data link– Inventory tags, filter results– Communicate with networked server(s)– Can read 100-300 tags per second

• Readers (interrogators) can be at a fixed point such as– Entrance/exit– Point of sale

RFID Antennas:

• Gate antennas• • Patch antennas

• Circular polarized

• Di-pole antennas

• Linear polarized

http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/rfid/review2.php

The future:RFID:

Driving intelligence to edge of Enterprise networks

RFID:Driving intelligence to edge

of Enterprise networks

Enterprise Management Systemsadapted to more effectively react in real-time to data.

Enterprise Management Systemsadapted to more effectively react in real-time to data.

Analog sensors replaced with cheap

digital sensors: Motes, etc

Analog sensors replaced with cheap

digital sensors: Motes, etc

Precision Automation

Our professional

lives

Our personal

lives

RFID advantages

• Multiple items can be read with a single scan

• Each tag can carry a lot of data (read/write)

• Individual items identified and not just the category

• Passive tags have a virtually unlimited lifetime• Active tags can be read from great distances


RFID disadvantage

Lack of industry and application standards

High cost per unit and high RFID system integration costs

Weak market understanding of the benefits of RFID technology

RFID applications Access control for people; -Secure access to work place -Access to travel on train Access control for vehicle; -Secure access on site -Istant payment of fuel. • Security

– Access control– Counterfeiting and Theft control/prevention

• Location Tracking– Traffic movement control and parking management– Wildlife/Livestock monitoring and tracking

CONCLUSION

• RFID benefits are due to automation and optimization.

• RFID is not a plug & play technology.

• Awarneness of RFID technology.

• Technology is evolving but physics has limitations.

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