. . . . . . . ,' . . -

, . . . ' . , . . , . . . . .. ' . ' . . ,

THE INFANTRY SCHOOLSCHOO-LFort

Sch-ool

SCHOO-LFort

Sch-ool

SCHOO-LFort

Sch-oolFort BenningBanning , GeorgiaR-

EGULAR

Geo-

rgia

GeorgiaR-

EGULAR

Geo-

rgia

GeorgiaGeorgiaR-

EGULAR

Geo-

rgiaREGULAR COURSECOURS-E19361936--19371936193719361937HI-

STORICAL

19361937HI-

STORICAL

--19571957-

HISTORICALHISTORICAL TACTICAL STUDY-

THE

STU-

DY

STUDY-

THE

STU-

DY

STUDYSTUDY-

THE

STU-

DYTHE MEUSE-ARGONNEMEUSEARGONNEMUSEARGON- OFFENSIVE--FIRSTOFFENSIVEFIRSTOFFENSIVE --FIRST PHASEPHASE-

SEPTEMBER

PHASE-

SEPTEMBER

PHASE-

SEPTEMBERSEPTEMBER 2628 TO OCTOBER 83 , 19181918-

GeneraI

1918-

Gennpra1

1918-

General

1918-

GeneralOperationsAn(GeneraIGennpra1GeneraGennpra1Operations, .OpofaOpofaProfane-OperationsOperations-.-Operations-

An

Operations-

An

Operatio-ns

ti'onstionsions' ) '

An Attack of a Defensive Zon-

elot

Om-

elet

ZoneZon-

e1st

. _ . - ,- ' . , .rr. ._

.. . - . .-.. . .. . . .. .

, . , . . . . . . - - . ,

1stlot Lieutenant A . Ward Gillette , InfantryIntantr7

. .. " . . , . - "' . . . ... . . ' " .

.. . . .-.. . . .. - . . . . . . . . . . . " - . . .

TABLE OF CONTENT-

SPage

Conte-nts

CONTENT-

Page

Contem-

plate

CONTENTSCONTENT

PagePage-

Cover

Pas-sover

Page-

Cover

Pas-sover

Page-

Cover

Pas-soverCover page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (unpaged )

Table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i-

Bi

i-

bid

1i1-

BibliographyBiBibliographybliographybiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-

iiilii1iii-

FootnoteFootnote abbreviationsa.bbreviat1onsabbreviat1ons. used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . liiiiliiillii-Text

lit-

hestText . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-151151-1313115-

Introduction

-

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-

GeneralGeneral attack . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-

The

22-

TheThe advance of the III Corps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-

The

44-

TheThe advance of the V Corps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66-

TheThe advance of the I Corps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-

The

88-

TheThe attack of the 55th35th Division . .669466606006669466606006. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-

Conclusion

8-

Conclusion

88-

ConclusionConclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-

Map

1212-

MAPSMAPSMAPS-

Map

Mia-

smaMap No . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . attachedatta.ched. to . . . . . 14-

Map

14-

Map

1414-

MapMap No . 200096006000000060200096006000000060attached2 . . . . . . . . .* . . . . . . . . . attached to . . . . . 15-

Map

15-

Map

1515-

MapMap No . 3Z8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . attached to . . . . . 16-

Plate

1616-

Plate" '

Platete Nofoloo! . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . atattachedattached-toattachedtoattachedtotactack hedheedhedtedt: -tt-toto-: ' 'i"llilla*a-

i

"T. ' . _. ". 17-

1

17-

I

17

-1-1-i-i-1-

TABLE

i-

17

-

I

. A " '" .- . , . . . . " , . .. . .' ' " . . 4 . .. . ,' ., . . ..

. 4 . .

BIBIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPBIBLIOGRAPH-

YPershing

Bibliogr-

aphies

GRAPHYGRAPHXX-

"My

_

PershingPerishing , John J ,. "MyMy" Experiences in the WorldWorld-War

Wo-rld

World-War

Wo-rld

World-War

Wo-rldWar . " Volume II . FrederickFrederick-A

Frederic-AA . Stokes Co . , New York , 19S11931 .

Personal experiences of the commander-commandercommand-erinchief

comman-deering

command-erinchief

comman-deering

commande-r-in-chief

comm-ander i-n ch-ief --in-chiefinchief- of the A.E.FAE.FAEFABE. . .

Official Report of thethe-World

othe-rworldly

the-World

othe-rworldly

"FinalFinal" Report of General JohnJohn-World

Jo-hnJohn-

JJoh-

nWorld Wa-

rPalmer

Wa-

rplane

WarWa-

rPalmer

Wa-

rplane

J . PershingPerishing . " GovernmentGovernmen-tPrinting

Govern-mentGovernmen-

tPrintingGovern-mentGovernmen-

tPrintingGovern-mentPrinting Office , WashingtonWashington,-

1920Washington-

1920,

1920 .

Palmer , Frederick-

American

Fred-

erica

FrederickFrederick-

American

Fred-

erica

"OurOur" Greatest Battle . " DoddDodd-Mead

Dod-dered

,Mead , and CompanyCompgny , New YorkYork,-1919

York-1919

,1919 .

An account of the Meuse-ArgonneMeuseArgonneMuseJargonedMeuseArgonn-ewritten

MeuseArgonn-ewritten

Meuse-Argonn-ewritten Meu-se Argonnew-ritten Mu-se Regene-rate -written by an officer in charge ofof-press

op-

pressof-

pressop-

pressof-

pressop-

presspress relations , who had thethe-opportunity

the-opportunity

the-opportunityopportunity to visit the whole frontfront-.It

front-It fro-nt

.ItI t is based on personal observationobservation-and

observati-onobservation-

andobservati-onobservation-

andobservati-onand information obtained from otherother-

officersethe-

rifiedother-

officersethe-

rifiedother-

officerseth-

erifiedofficers .

American BattleBattle-Monuments

Batt-lement

Battle-Monuments

Batt-lement

"AA" Guide to the American BattleBattle-Fields

Battle-Monuments

Batt-lement

Battle-FieldsMonuments Commission-

Hoyt

Commiss-

ion

CommissionCommission-

Hoyt

Commiss-

ion

Fields in Europe . " GovernmentGovernmen-tPrinting

Govern-mentGovernmen-

tPrintingGovern-mentGovernmen-

tPrintingGovern-mentPrinting Office , WashingtonWashington,-

1927Washington-

1927,

1927 .

A volume written to be used as aa-

guideg-

uidea-

guideg-

uidea-

guideg-

uideguide for the many8ny Americans thatthat-visited

har-vested

that-visited

har-vested

that-visited

har-vestedvisited France after the war . TheTh-ehistorical

Te-rritorial

Th-ehistorical

Te-rritorial

Th-ehistorical

Te-rritorialhistorical data it contains waswa-sobtained

asc-ertained

wa-sobtained

asc-ertained

wa-sobtained

asc-ertainedobtained from official records .

HoytHot , Charles B . "HeroesHeroes" ofot the ArgonneJargonedArgonne"-Franklin

Argonne-Franklin

Wagn-erian

. "

Franklin Hudson PublishingPublishingC-ODl.panZ

Publis-hingPublishingC-

ompany Publis-hingPublishingC-

ompany Publis-hing. " Mrw-Mw V rv. . -_. p, '. w '. .." . . ". .. gy. n. ". . l4 *. . . .-" n ,.. . , .'

CODl.panZCODlpanZCompanyCola. , . '. ..-" _ . "'- _ ",., ..KK.. .Kansasgasa.sas. ". . City.191City-.l9119City.l9119City.l9119l9119C1City-City.ty ,.,'-- . .191191..1.9191.9191919.. . . . . . , , " . . . . . - . . " - " . .

An authentic history of the 35th35th-Division

35th-Division

S5th-DivisionDivision compiled fromtromtromp officialofficialr-ecords offi-cial

officialr-ecords offi-cial

officialr-ecords offi-cialrecords and men who served in andand-with

band-

widthand-

withband-

widthand-

withband-

widthwith the division-

11

division .

-11-11-11-

BI

il-.

. . ' . . . . . -. - . ,. . . . . . . . .

.. .- .

": ._- - .- .

' . . . . . .

FOOTNOTE ABBREVIATIONS USED-

IE

USE-

D

USED-

ME

USE-

D

USEDUSED-

ME

USE-

DMEIE "MyMy" Experiences in the World War , " Volume IIII-by

Li-bby

,by John J . PershingPerishing .

FR Final Report of General John J . PershingPerishing .

0GBOGBOBO GB "OurOur" Greatest Battle , " by Frederick Palmer .

GBFBF A Guide to the American Battle Fields in Europe .,

HASA "HeroesHeroes" of the ArgonneJargoned , " by Charles B . Hoyt'-

h

HoytHot .

. ....- .. . , .. . . . . .- - ' -'h'hh- ' ' ' ' . . _ . ._,_ . . . ..ww.-

w111

. .. , ___ . _ . .' " -- ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . ,- ". . . .- -

. . . . . . .- - "' - .. . ...- . . . . - . - . . . ,

-111-111-111-

FOOTNOTE

lit-litlitF-

OOTNOTE

--

THEMETHE MEUSE-ARGONNEMEUSEARGONNEMUSEARGONSESEARGONNESERGIO-ARGONNEARGONNEARGON-- OFFEHSIVE--FIRSTOFFEHSIVEFIRSTOFFENSIVEOFOFFENSIVEEiSILeis VE--FIRSTVEFIRST----FIRST PHASEPHAS-

ESeptember

PHAS-

ESeptember

PHAS-

ESeptember( September 26th to October 3d )

1 . INTRODUCTION . (Map No . TheINTRODUCTION--MapINTRODUCTIONMap-- No.1)No.1No11)1) Meuse-ArgonneMeuseArgonneMuseJargonedMeuseArgonne-

Orfensive

MeuseArgonne-

Offensive

Meuse-Argonn-

eOffensiveMe-useArgonneOf-

fensiveMu-se -

OrfensiveOffensive opened on the morning of September 26th withwith-

force

Whit-

ehorse

with-

force

Whit-

ehorse

with-

force

Whit-

ehorseforce and enthusiasm characteristic of the AmericanAmerican-

troopsAmer-

icanAmerican-

troopsAmer-

icanAmerican-

troopsAmer-

icantroops ,. (1)1(l ) The various troops were finally assembledassembled-

in

assembl-edin the new sector and distributed in their position . InIn-

spite

In-

spire

In-

spite

In-

spire

In-

spite

In-

spirespite of the shortage of transportation during the movemov-

eall

Nov-

ell

mov-

eall

Nov-

ell

mov-

eall

Nov-

ellall units had arrived intact except for some artilleryartillery.T-

heartilleryT-

heartille-

ry.

The secrecy of the movement of such a great number ofof-

troops

ou-

tcrops

of-

troops

ou-

tcrops

of-

troops

ou-

tcropstroops was accomplished by the cleverly arranged raidsraids-

and

rai-ds

raids-

and

rai-ds

raids-

and

rai-dsand confusion created by the units on both flanks ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe American sector . However , the Germans had learnedlearned-

thatlearn-

edlearned-

thatlearn-

edlearned-

thatlearn-

edthat some American troops were in the sector . A manman-

from

main-

frame

man-

from

main-

frame

man-

from

main-

framefrom the 79th Division was captured on the afternoonafternoon-

beforeaftern-

oonafternoon-

beforeaftern-

oonafternoon-

beforeaftern-

oonbefore the start of the attack . (2)2( ) But the GermansGerman-

sdid

Germ-ans

German-

sdid

Germ-ans

German-

sdid

Germ-ansdid not learn ofot the other two divisions in that CorpsCorp-

ssector

Co-rpse

Corp-

ssector

Co-rpse

Corp-

ssector

Co-rpsesector , although , no doubt , they surmised something waswas-

amiss

wa-

ssails

was-

amiss

wa-

ssails

was-

amiss

wa-

ssailsamiss fortortore the sector up to this time had been occupied-

br

occupi-

ed

occupie-

dbyonlyFrench

occupiedoccupiedt-

oy

occupi-

ed-brbr--by-only-FrenchbyonlyFrench-- toy' , only-FrenchonlyFrenchon17-Freftchon17FreftchFetch'-- troopstQ5'Ps.vtQ5Ps.vtQ5PsvtroopsOathetQ5'Ps.vORthe.atroopstroops.w-On-troops.wOntroops.wtroopswOntroopstroops.wOnthe.eveuing!, ' .. .--Oa-theOathe-,.--OR--the.a\ORthe.aORthe.atheaDorotheathecaORthe.alingMothballing----the.eveuingtheeveuingteetering- '. .. . .\'weaingwearingling< befo.re-.the-at.t.eckbeforetheatt.eckbefo.rebefore.thetheat.t.eckatteckattackbefo.re.theat.t.eck-

could

before. ,- ., the.a.ttackthea.ttacktheattacktheatricheartachethe.a.ttack-

could

the-..attack-

could

atta-ck

... .

could be seen the French blue uniforms scatteredscattered-

indiscriminatelr

scattered-

indiscriminately

scattered-

indiscriminatelyindiscriminatelrindiscriminately among the khaki .

The night ofot 25 September was calcalm , beautifulbeautiful-

and

beautif-ul

,

and the stars were shining brightlybr1ghtlr . (2)2(3)3( ) All wa-

squiet

ma-

squewaswa-

squiet

ma-

squewa-

squiet

ma-

squequiet except forrorroar an occasional shell from the GermanGerma-

nartilleryGra-

nadillaGerma-

nartilleryGra-

nadillaGerma-

nartilleryGra-

nadillaartillery or the low mumbling ofot a soldier . EveryoneEveryone-

was

Everyo-

newas trying to get some sleep exceptexoept the gunners and

(1)1( ) FRFa pp 4648 . (2)2( ) 0GBOOBOB pp 196198 . (5)5(3)3( ) HASA pp 69-

1

6969-

1

.

-1-1- 1-

THEME

1-

THE

-

truck drivers or a staff officer , who was completingcompletings-

ome

complet-ingsome necessary work . The final orders had been issuedissued.-

There

issued-

There

issu-ed

.

There was nothing to do now but wait for the jump offoff-

time

so-

ftieoff-

time

so-

ftieoff-

time

so-

ftietime . The plans as issued had to stay , for it was tootoo-

late

toi-

lette

too-

late

toi-

lette

too-

late

toi-

lettelate now to do any changing . Suspense before thisthis-

battle

this-

battle

this-

battlebattle was greater than before any previous one thatthat-

our

sta-

tor

that-

our

sta-

tor

that-

our

sta-

torour troops had been in . The veteran French and BritishBritish-

were

Briti-sh

British-

were

Briti-sh

British-

were

Briti-shwere used to this sort of thing , but the inexperiencedinexperienced-

Amerlc

inexperie-nced

inexperienced-

Americans

inexperi-enced

inexperienced-

Americans

inexperi-encedAmerlcAmerceAmericanss were tense and found it difficult to sleep .

2 . GENEGENERALGENERAL ATTACK--AtATTACKAt. - - 2:30230: AM the artilleryartilleryp-

reparationarti-lleryartilleryp-

reparationarti-lleryartilleryp-

reparationarti-llerypreparation began . (4)4( ) The fire continued for threethree-

hours

thres-

hersthree-

hours

thres-

hersthree-

hours

thres-

hershours at full cacapacityacltyfaculty . Our three thousand guns threwthrew-

78,000

threw-

7800078,00078000, shells into the German lines during the entireentire-

drive

entir-eties

entire-

drive

entir-eties

entire-

drive

entir-etiesdrive , of which a majority ofot them were fired duringduring-

theduri-

ngduring-

theduri-

ngduring-

theduri-

ngthe initial preparation . The stars disappeared and fogfog-

began

for-

eignfog-

began

for-

eignfog-

began

for-

eignbegan to appear , growing thicker as the hour for thethej-

ump

rh-

eum

thej-

ump

rh-

eum

thej-

ump

rh-

eumjump off approached . At the first streak of light thethe-

observation

ten-

derization

the-

observation

ten-

derization

the-

observation

ten-

derizationobservation balloons ascended and planes took off toto-

gain

To-

ngan

to-

gain

To-

ngan

to-

gain

To-

ngangain what Information they could . The Army had 82182-

1'plwjpsJ.fi4jof

82-

1plwjpsJ.fi4jof

82-

1plwjpsJfi4jof. - .- . -- "pl.anQs.6.QplanQs6.QplanQs6Q"pl.anQs.6.Q9r'" l.r.esresRees. .;.; . .. ., .?.Q4. -9r9r-of

' . . - .which. . .' ,- .

were.

piloted by Americans . (5)5(5)-

At

( )

. .

-" .. ."

. ..' . ": : : _ ,

'- rr'

" '* ' .' ' .Pa-r.Par.PaParPar;..Parti'onti'ontionion' "erieri"ericKeriiicfVicd.andaneaiaianY ' ' ps """_"_ "-

moved

m-

oved

"" At"A-t"AAt"- 555CrAMf; 3G'AM3GAMO I the preparation enc e the-

moved

th-ermo

the .trtrtroops

moved forward , out of the trenches , across no-man's-landnoman'smanslandno-man1s-land-

towards n-o man-1s

landtow-ards

landow-ners

- ' - ,

towards the German lines , following the artilleryartillery-

barrageartill-eryartillery-

barrageartill-eryartillery-

barrageartill-erybarrage at the rate of 110 yards in four minutes . (6)6(6)-

Coordination

(6)-

Coordination

(6)-

Coordination

6C-

oordination

( )

Coordination ofot units was very difficult ; the fog grewgrew-

thicker

free-

thinker

grew-

thicker

free-

thinker

grew-

thicker

free-

thinkerthicker , the ground which had been barren for fourfour-

years

fore-

arms

four-

years

fore-

arms

four-

years

fore-

armsyears was spongy fromtromtromp being torn by shells . OurOu-

rartillery

Fo-

retellerOu-

rartillery

Fo-

retellerOu-

rartillery

Fo-

retellerartillery felltell dangerously close at times because otofot-

inexperienced

of-

inexperienced

fi-

ngerprintedof-

Inexperienced

fi-

ngerprintedinexperienced gunners and the fact that no registrationregistration-

tireregistrat-

ionregistration-

fireregistrat-

ionregistration-

fireregistrat-

iontirefire had been permitted because of the surprise effect

(4)4( ) HASAKA pp 71 . (5)5( ) PRFR pp 4648 . (6)6( ) HASAEA pp 72-

2

7272-

2

.

-2-2--2-2-2-

truck

2'-

J

--, . . . '-

J

J' " ':

" ;,.; _ : .

" . . . . . .. - . .. . , . . . -.

desired . The going was hard--head8hardhead8herd--heaherdheahard--headsheadsRhea- - s could be seenseen-

bobbing

spee-

dboating

seen-

bobbing

spee-

dboatingbobbing againstagalnst the horizonhorlzon becausebeoause of the uneven groundground-

and

groun-

ded

ground-

and

groun-

dedand shell cratersoratersraters . The wire was extremely thickthiokThiokol 1ninin-

places

ti-

nplates

In-

places

Ti-

nplatesplaces and It could not be hoped that the artillery wouldwould-

destroylou-

destwould-

destroylou-

destdestroy all the wire soao that the troops couldoouldGould advanceadvance-

evenly

adva-nce

advance-

evenly

adva-nceevenly . Men had to depend on wire cuttersouttersouters and triedtriad to-

avoid

ta-

bloid

toto-

avoid

ta-

bloidavoid the wide areas of wire which were probably marke-

dtargets

mar-keter

markedmarke-

dtargets

mar-ketertargets for the enemy to fire on the attackersattaokers . The-

advancing

He-

adliningTheThe-

advanclng

The-

advancing

He-

adliningadvanclngadvancing line broke as the men found a lane through the-

wire

th-

eirthethe-

wire

th-

eirthe-

wire

th-

eirwire made by the artillery . The nine divisions In line-

for

info-

rmlineline-

torlin-

net

line-

for

info-

rmtorfortore the openingopenlng attackattaak were given 189 tanks of whichwh lohloch 148-

were

142142-

were

142-

werewere manned by AmericansAmerioans . This'rhlarhlahula' was a greater numbe-

rthan

num-ber

numbernumbe-

rthan

num-berthenthan couldaouldauld be used In the sectorseatorsenator due to the nature of thethe-

terrain

te-

rrainthe-

terrain

te-

rrainterrain . The Germans had no tankstankatank . (7)-

At

(7)-

At

(7)7(7)-

At

( )

At 7:40740: o'clockoclocko'oloakooloakHolyoke' the artillery barrage ceasedoeasedeased andand-

men

sand-

men

and-

men

sand-

men

and-

men

sand-

menmen were left to outautabut their way through the wire as bestbest-

they

Bet-

hany

best-

they

Bet-

hany

best-

they

Bet-

hanythey couldoouldGould . (8)8( ) The sunsan came out and drove away thethe-

heavy

th-

eethe-

heavy

th-

eethe-

heavy

th-

eeheavy mist . This was the only time It appeared duringduring-

the

duri-ng

during-

the

duri-ng

during-

the

duri-ngthe entire drive and It was heartilyheartlly welcomedweloomed by thethe-

medioos

thr-

enodies

the-

medicos

th-ematic

the-

medicos

th-ematicmedioosmedicos and wounded . The theatre of war was no longerlonge-

rstill

long-

estlonger-

t

longe-

r

longe-

rstill

long-

estt). still as It had been for four years ; It was now a movin-

gtheatre

mo-ving

movingmovin-

gtheatre

mo-ving

movin-

gtheatre

mo-vingtheatre and moving fasttastetasteThetaste. The artillery and machine-gun-

companies

mac-hine

guncom-panies

unaccom-panied

machine-gunmachinegunmachinegun-

oompanies

machinegun-

companies

-

oompaniescompanies were beginning to move forwardforwfor rd to new positions-

to

posltions-

to

positio-ns

posltionspositions

to support the attackattaok . Roads to the rear of tlthe drench-

trenches

recur-

rencesFrenohFrenchFrenoh-

trenohes

Rem-oteness

French-

trenches

Recu-

rrencestrenohestrenches were now vacant while roads to the front were-

crowded

wwerewere-

crowded

rere-

orowded

b-

roodedorowdedcrowded . The roads acrossaoross no-man's-landnoman'smansland- ' - had long been-

out

be-en

beenbeen-

out

be-en

been-

out

be-enout of useUBe . In plaoeaplacespaean there was no tracetraoethroe ofot a road . The-

Germans

Ste-

ersman

TheThe-

Germans

Ste-

ersman

The-

Germane

Ste-

ersmanGermansGermane had relied on rail transportation even behindbehin-

dtheir

beh-ind

behin-

dtheir

beh-ind

behin-

dtheir

beh-ind

,

their lines becausebeoause of the rubber shortage existing inin-

Germany

in-

errancy

in-

Germany

in-

errancy

In-

Germany

In-

errancyGermany . (9)9( ) The engineers had to use trenohtrench timbertlmber

(7)7( 7 ) 73JIBFR pppP 46 ., (8)8( 8)8) HAIU. pppp .,78722 .@ (9)9( 9 ) OG0GBB Pppp 136-

3

136 .

.3-.3-3-3-. 3-

desired

.-

3desired

-

and stones becausebeoause of lacklaoklao of repair material . The bbadbad-

roads

and-

roids

bad-

roads

and-

roids

dd-

roads

r-

oadsroads proved more of a barrier than the trench system to-

the

t-ote

to-

the

t-ote

toto-

the

t-otethe advancing troops . The veteran drenchFrench looked on and-

smiled

ad-

mired

and-

smiled

ad-

mired

and<

smiled at our enthusiasm and Inexperienceinexperienoe . By 9:00900: o'olock-

our

o'clock-

our

o'clockoclocko'olockoolockbootlicko'clock-

our

'

our troops werew re out oforo f the wire and trenches , exceptexoept for a-

few

f-

ewaa-

few

f-

ew

a-

few

f-

ewfew atronastronstrong popointsintsdintsintsJdintsintsandinkstandJ, and advanoadvanceadvancingLngLang rapidly . The'l'helhehe' ' fartherfart'hefarthe' r thethe-

troops

tre-

etopsthe-

troops

tre-

etopsthe-

troops

tre-

etopstroops advancedadvanoed thet e greater the confusionoonfusion . The few roads-

were

road-

sterroadsroads-

were

road-

ster

roads-

were

road-

sterwere congestedoongested with the supportingsupporttng unitsunltAuniteunlit and supply trainstrains-

mav

trainm-

antrains-

moving

ranso-

mingtrains-

moving

ranso-

mingmavmvmovingingKing forward and theth e moundedwounded'NONO' andedbanded. movingmovmove ingKing back . UnitsUniUnix ts ha-

ddifficulty

hadhad-

diffioultyad-

ditionallyha-

ddifficultydiffioultydifficulty maintaining directiondireotion ; wire oommunlcationcOIDr.lunicatloncOIDrlunicatloncommunication. waswas-

very

wa-

verwas-

very

wa-

verwas-

very

wa-

ververy bad ; maps were misread ,. someBorne commandersaommanders had no c.r'sc.rscrsC.JJ'sC.JJsCJJsCRTscarsJujusc.r'sa-

ndC.JJ's-

and

Q.r'sa-

ndQ.rsa-

ndQrsa-

ndRese-

nd

. . '

and somesornesore trtriedle d to commandoomma.n.doomman.doommand.. eveeveryry aqaquadsquadquaduadquad .

3:3: . THBfmE2HETBfame A3)\rANCaA3)A3rANCaADIfANOADVANCEfrancaAdrian) \ QyOf' ITHEIHEHEHE III CORPSMapCorpsmanCORPS . --MapMap- - ( Map No.2)No.2No2N0No . 2)2) TheTh-

eIII

Th-

eIII

'Th-

eIII

Th-

eIII

'

III Corps underund.arundar. BullardBulla.rdBallard. were to pivot on the bank of the-

Mouse

hen-

house

thethe-

Meuse

the-

mesthe-

Meuse

the-

mesMeuseMuse until 1ItaitsKitats front was secure on the MouseMeuseMuse . In orderorder-

to

ord-er

order-

to

ord-er

order-

to

ord-erto accomplishaooomplish this by noon It was necessaryneoessary to crossoross forges-

Greek

for-ges

ForgesForges-

CreekFor-

ges9Creek,eekgeek >, the trench system , and Forges .'.VoodVood"foodfoodVoid." oodod on the right oror-

Jure

or-

dure

or-

Jura

or-

dure

or-

Jure

or-

dureJureJuraJuarezJuan Woods on the left . On the extreme right the 33d-

according

33d ,

aooordingaccording to schedulesohedule , chargedaharged through no-man's-landnoman'smansland- ' - inIn-

675767 minutes , reorganized in 8020 more , and continuedoo tlnuedTalmud thethe-

a4.usnoe

the-

&4VW10A-

the-

&4VW10A

the-

4VW10A

the-

&4VW10A(1Q, " . " . .. -- . . , a4.usnoe-a4.usnoea4.usnoe(1Q&4.v.no4v.no4vno. . . -- .. . (10)10(1Q1Q( ).) . Thee anemy.y.eldedanemyy.eldedanemyyeldedenemy.WenemyWenemyenemy . . y eJdedi.el.dediel.dedieldedcededfielded' . . easily8s11 V .and_nd .thqthenthhF3 objeotiveobjectiveobjeotive-

wa

objective-

was

objecti-ve

objectivewaa.re-

ached

objectivewaare-

ached

objecti-vewawas ...rr. reached.

."q.hedq.hedqhedqed" .

by noonon . lThey'.

e hhad.

taken 1450 GermanGerma-

nprisoners

Germa-

nprisoners

Germa-

nprisonersprisoners , seven 6-In6In6-1n1n- howitzers , two 110-mm110mm- guns ,. 20-

pieces

2020-

pieoes

20-

piecespieoespieces of artillery , 6757 machinemaohine guns , flomeAomesomefloeAnomie trenohtrench mortarsmortars-

a

mortar-

s

,

a light railway , and a well stockedstookedstoked engineer depot . (11)11(11)-

The

(11)-

The

( )

The 80th under CronkhlteOronkhlteCronkhiteCrinkleBookplateCrankier were alaoalsoAlamo to swing towardtoward-

the

towa-

rdtoward-

the

towa-

rdtoward-

the

towa-

rdthe MouseMeuseMuse aboutaboambo ut the 33d aaa8as a pivot . AccordingAoaordiAboard ns to the-

Army

te-

arythethe-

Ar'tq

the-

Army

te-

aryAr'tqArtqArmyArt' plan they were to haveha.ve. one dayd81 of Intensive fightingfighting-

and

fighti-ng

fighting-

and

fighti-ng

fighting-

and

fighti-ngand thenth en be squeezed out becausebeoaus8 ofot the narrowing front.-

The

front-

The

froth-

edfront .

The lnlAllInitialtlaltall goingBaingBaaing was comparativelyoomparat1vel1 easyea8Y . The engineers

(10)10( ) OGBpp1B0OOBOGBOB pp l60leO . (11)11( ) 0GBpp151OOBOGBOB pp 161-

4

161 .

-4-4-44-

and

.-

had bridged the forges GreekCreek by 9:00900: o'clockoclocko'olockoolockbootlick' and thethe-

supporting

tel-

eportingthe-

supporting

tel-

eportingthe-

supporting

tel-

eportingsupporting artillery was advancing . By noon they werewere-

stopped

wire-

tapped

were-

stopped

wire-

tapped

were-

stopped

wire-

tappedstopped by Increasinginoreasing machmachine-gunmachinegunmaohine-gunmaohineine-gurlinegurlcineurl- fire from the secondsecond-

belt

seco-

ndsecond-

belt

seco-

ndsecond-

belt

seco-

ndbelt of woods In their sectorseotor . The attackattaok was resumedresumed-

at

resum-

ed

resumed-

at

resum-

ed

resumed-

at

resum-

edat 3:00300: o'clockoclocko'clookoclookcloak' but was met by atillstilltillall 11 greater resistanceresistanoe--resistanoeresistance--resistanoe-

the

resistan-ce

resistance-

the

resistan-ce

resistance-

the

resistan-ce

- -

the Germans had had three hours to prepare the receptionreception.-

The

receptionT-

herecepti-

on.

The Germans could afford to lose no more river bank andand-

realized

ad-

renaline

and-

realized

ad-

renaline

and-

realized

ad-

renalinerealized the seriousnessserlousnAss of the situation . SupportIngSupportIn-

gfire

Support-ing

Supporting-

fire

Support-ing

Supporting-

fire

Support-ingfire was receivedreoeived from the 33d but the advanceadvanoe moved veryvery-

slow

ve-rso

very-

slow

ve-rso

very-

slow

ve-rsoslow . By nightfallnishtfall their rightrlhtRalph(? was In contactoontact with thethe-

33d

the-

33d

the-

33d33d on the MouseMeuseMuse but the Ieleftit flank was far from itaitsKitaits-

objective

int-

oxicative

Its-

objective

Int-

oxicativeobjeotiveobjective ., To the Immediate front waswas.

Borne dede-

Cornouiller

re-

concilerde-

Corno

d-

ecorde-

GornoulllerCornouillerChroniclerCornoCorn u i l l er , a bald hill dominating alall approaohingapproachingapproaohin-

gterrain

approac-hing

approachin-

gterrain

approac-hing

approachin-

gterrain

approac-hingterrain . The American troops were easily spotted In thethe-

approaoh

he-

atproofthe-

approach

he-

atproofthe-

approach

he-

atproofapproaohapproach . If firetire couldoouldGould not be brought down on themthem-

trom

Tex-

tron

them-

from

therm-

oform

them-

from

therm-

oformtromfromtromp the front the Germans from MontfauconMonttauoonMontague Heights werewer-

enotified

pers-

onified

wer-

enotified

pers-

onified

wer-

enotified

pers-

onifiednotified and the result was enfilading artillery firefire.G-

erman

fireG-

erman

free-

man.

German reinforcementsreinforoements were put In BrieullesBrleullesBridlesBreadless to defenddefend-

the

defe-nd

defend-

the

defe-nd. . the riverr.1.verr1.verr1verr.i.verri.ver.

.. .Jaank.bankbankJan . At 11:00100:0000: 0o'clockoclock' aloakalack on 27 September , underunder-

oover

under-

cover

under-

cover

under-

oover

under-

coveroovercoverover of an artillery barrage and aided by mortars andand.-

mGft.1ne

and-

"se-o

an-

d"se

an-

dseoan-

ds.m-Gft.1nemGft.1ne.mmGft.1neGft1ne.-" e-ehineeehineRhine&-- .;lnelane gunsg\L'1SgL'1SL1S\' , the aUaokat.taokattaokattackaqua. . :continuedon.t.1nuedont.1nuedont1nuedon.t.inuedont.inuedontinued. .. ,. wben.AllwbenAllBengalwhQnwhenon.tont. l.l.bll.bllblbU-hn.t-Uhn.tUhn.thntHintUhn.tthe-

leftUnthr-

ift. . . - . . .r.therthether.the-

left

, . -. . . th-

eleft

he-

lmet-

left flank against BrieullesBrieulle8Bridles gained their objeotiveobjectiveobjective'-

The

objective-

The

objecti-ve

.

The' Germans ' counterattackoounterattaok the next morning was eas11yeasilyeas11y-

repulsed

easily-

repulsedea-

silyeasily-

repulsedea-

silyrepulsed and the Americanmerioanmerion attaokattaakattack resumed at 7:15715: AMAM-

.The

AM-

The

Ant-

hem

.

The BrieullesBrieallisBridlesBorealis defense wawas too strong ; It1t was neoessar1necessarynecessary-

to

neoessar1-

to

necessa-ryto get more supporting fire and use a different plan otofot-

attaok

t-attoo

of-

attack

fa-

tback

of-

attack

fa-

tbackattaokattack . AfterA.fter. the ththirdirdbird daday, the 33d334 took over thethe-

.eator

the-

reafter

the-

sector

thr-

eescore

the-

sector

thr-

eescore.eatoreatorsectoreater. ; the artilleryartllLer1 and one regiment ofot the 80th80th-

remained

80th-

remained

80th-

remainedremained to assistaSlistsliest the 4th . (18)18(12)12( ) The 80th sentlent in forfor-

one

forg-

one

for-

one

forg-

one

for-

one

forg-

oneone dday., had stayedst.dstd.,. three . TheThey, had advancedadvanoed six miles ,

(18)18(12)12( ) 0GBOGBOB pp 161-

5

16101610-

5

161 .

-5-5-.5-.5. 5-

had

.-

5had

-

. . . .. . . . . . ." . . . . . . . . . ., . . ". . .. , .. . . . - .. . . . .. , . . . .. .. , _ . y ' . . . . . - .. . . . , . . . . , ' " . , . . . , . . . . . . . ,

_ , . . . . .., . ... . . . . . . n . . . . . .

taken 850 prisoners and 16 guns , andBndBand had lost 1064 menmen-

from

env-

iron

men-

from

env-

iron

men-

from

env-

ironfrom sick and wounded . (13)-

The

(13)-

The

(15)15(13)13(15)-

The

( )

The 4th Division , the only regular divisiondivision-

realizeddivi-

sion,

realized what was expected of them . They were to causecause-

evacuation

count-

eraccusation

cause-

evacuation

count-

eraccusation

cause-

evacuation

count-

eraccusationevacuation of the MontfauconMontrauconMontagueMonstrance heights and take part inin-

the

in-

terin-

the

in-

terin-

the

in-

terthe swinging movement , then hold the MeuseMuse from Brieul1esBrieullesBridlesBrieulles-

to

Brieul1es-

toBridle-

sto Sassy . There were no roads in their sector . AllAll-

transportation

All-

transportation

All-

transportationtransportation had to get across the trenches in the 79th79th-

sector

79th-

sector

79th-

sectorsector . Having reached the Corps objective by 12:301230: theythey-

waited

head-

waiter

they-

waited

head-

waiter

they-

waited

head-

waiterwaited for the 79th on their left to catch up . At 5:305305:30P-

M

5:30P-

M

5:80P-

M

580P-

M

:

PM they continued , but without artillery . By dark theythey-

were

he-wer

they-

were

he-wer

they-

were

he-werwere beyond the heights of MontfauconMontague , but had to withdrawwithdraw-

out

withdr-aw

withdraw-

out

withdr-aw

withdraw-

out

withdr-awout of the heavy fire . With still no artillery theythey-

attackedhea-

rtachethey-

attackedhea-

rtachethey-

attacked

hea-

rtacheattacked again the next morning but with little successsuccess.-

During

success-

During

succe-ssor

.

During the next four days they cleaned out the BrieullesBridlesBrieulles-

Woods

Brieulles-

Woods

Brieulles-

WoodsWoods- under the cross fire from both flanks . (14)14( )

4 . THE ADVANCE OF TVTHE 7V CORPS--TheCORPSTheCOMPS--TheCOMPSCORPS . --The Germans diddid-

not

did-

n'tdid-

not

did-

n'tdid-

not

did-

n'tnot expect a main attack from the V Corps sector becausebecause-

of

becau-se

because-

of

becau-se

because-

of

becau-seof the extremely thick underbrush in that sector . On the-

miles.and

th-

rillersthe

-, . . ...

. . .-

' . '.

..

-:

- . . "ftft"firsilfibril.:' $ .ii. . . AsyAshy- .. . ;1b; L.:..qlLqlLAll. . .- .gn.1rcgn.1rcgn1rc. .Rtrc.e.eLRtrce.eLRtrceeLRetireeRetrocede.. .dd.. .. . f.iyefiyefie.lye'

,: : ' miXesmilesmiles.andmilesandmislead.. . ..and was ordereorderedordered-orderedordered-enorderedenorderedcryordereden-

theorder-

ed

.- encrycr-

ythe

sc-

ythe

. --

the

t-

he

-

the next day regardless ofor whether or not they were ahead

, ._- ._. . ...ofof. of the unitsun1.tsun1ts. on-ononheiron-theirontheircoheir- heir flanksflanksiflanksTheyflanksflanks-'Lhey.nnteredflanksLhey.nnteredflanks'Lhey.nnteredLheynnteredLevanteri:, .-. -.-TheyThey-' bey-enteredbeyenteredbevy. - teredtermed EpinonEpinonv-EpinonvPinionEpinonvilePinionEpinonvl-U-e'-

on

Epinon-vl Ue'o-n

eo-n

Pinio-n

v'il1-e-v'il1vil1ev'il1e-

on

'- -il-eile:--- ''". . .

on 27 September and took EpinonvllleEp1nonvilleEpinonville and CiergesClergies Wood on

28 September . (16)16(15)15( ) With the aid of a battalion of-

engineers

f-eigners

of.engineers on 29 September they passed through GesnesGenes and-

gained

an-

dante

and-

gained

an-

dante

andand-

gained

an-

dantegained a footing in woods to the north . The cross firefireb-

ecame

fire-

break

fireb-

ecame

fire-

break

fireb-

ecame

fire-

breakbecame too great so they withdrew to their morningmornin-

gpositions

mor-ning

mornin-

gpositions

mor-ning

mornin-

gpositions

mor-ningpositions . It was impossible to advance farther withoutwithouts-

ome

with-out

withouts-

ome

with-out

withouts-

ome

with-outsome support on the left ; the Z5th35th were held up atat-

Exermont

T-

extronat-

Exermont

T-

extronat-

Exermont

T-

extronExermontExperiment . The next day the 91st organized a defensivedefensive-

positiondefen-

sivedefensive-

positiondefen-

sivedefensive-

positiondefen-

siveposition . This division had advanced eight miles1les andand-

had

hand-

held

and-

had

hand-

held

and-

had

hand-

heldhad held seven .

(13)13( IS ) 0GBCOB pp 161 . (14)14( ) FR pp 46 . (15)15( ) 0GBOOBOB pp 201201-

6

201-

-6-

2-01

62016-

y

.

-6-6-6-

taken

-

" " " ', , . . . " . . . , . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . , . . .

The 37th had more experience than any otherother-

division

other-

divisiondivision In the Corps . The four miles ooff dense MontfauoonMontagueMontfauoon-

Woods

Montfauoon-

Woods

Montfauoon-

WoodsWoods was taken with someBorne difficultydiffioulty and the advanoeadvance onon-

Montfauoon

or-

namentation

on-

Montfauoon

or-

namentation

on-

Montfauoon

or-

namentationMontfauoonMontague heights began *. The tankstankatank whiohwhich were of no useuse-

in

unsee-

ing

use-

in

unsee-

ing

use-

In

unsee-

ingin the thickthiokThiokol woods arrived by evening but were out ofof-

fuel

o-

ffal

of-

fuel

o-

ffal

of-

fuel

o-

ffalfuel . One battalion ofot artillery got part wway., through thethe-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woods

She-

rwoodwoods by using snatohsnatch ropes . The engineers worked allall-

night

all-n-

ighters

all-

night

all-n-

ighters

all-

night

all-n-

ightersnight cutting trees and making oorduroycorduroy . The attackattaok onon-

2727 September was without artillery support . Troops tooktook-

Ivoiry

took-

Ivoiry

took-

IvolryIvoiryIvory by 10:301030: AM and MontfauoonMontague by 11:001100: by using everyevery-

available

every-

available

every-

availableavailable man . (16)16( ) The troops were wet , hungry ,. tiredtired-

and

Irela-

nd,

and scatteredsoatteredspattered ; but the ArArmy plan oalledcalledcoaled for a supremesuprem-

eeffort

supr-eme

suprem-

eeffort

supr-eme

suprem-

eeffort

supr-emeeffort on 2628 September . During the day they advanoedadvancedadvanoed-

up

advanced-

up

advanc-

edup to within one-fourthonefourth- mile of the Cierges-NantilloisCiergesNantilloisCierges-TNantilloisTNantilloisClergiesMantillasTautologiesClerges-lTantlllols-

HoadClerg-

eslTantlllolsH-

oadCiergesNantilloisR-

oadCiergesTNantillois-

RoadClergi-

es-

Road . Almost oompletelycompletely exhausted , the effort on 2929-

September

29-

September

29-

SeptemberSeptember was very weak . The 37th was relieved by thethe-

32d

the-

32d

the-

32d32d on the ninightht of 30 September . (17)17( ) During thethe-

drive

Kh-

edive

the-

drive

Kh-

edive

the-

drive

Kh-

edivedrive thethey, had had 3460 oasualtiescasualtiescasual ties and had taken 11201120-

Mprl8

1120-

On

112-

0priwnor' - ' .' : : -Mprl8Mprl8-:

.

'.: net' .

,anattuattunefi ' - P, . . 6&&wiQwiQiQ'. O .

, ,:,;. .-UaU-a.:tlB.t-tlB.tTalbottlB.t-

On

libati-

on

. ) . -:. .: :

,; ,

. , .

. . . " , , . . . . .

On the right of thetbetube V Corps the 79th Division waswas-

'oni'ok

was-

'dheokod

was-

checked

as-

hcake'oni'okoniokonion'dheokoddheokoddyewood' ' d -. bby ", firef1re trotarofroafromfro:! CuleCullenCuiUiCulayClayey, ,, ,Woods'wOOdlwOOdl.WoodswOOl'. , ,;: but wiwithth the aid otofot-

tanks

ou-

tranks

of-

tanks

ou-

tranks

of-

tanks

ou-

trankstanks and the 37th Division they took the woods afterafter-

three

after-

careafter-

three

after-

careafter-

three

after-

carethree hours . When the heavy mist began to rise , oneone-

oans

on-

ions

one-

young

hon-

eying

one-

young

hon-

eyingyoung,oansloans officerottioerdottier foundtoantan! himself In the midst ofot a maohine-gunmaohinegunmachine-gunmachinemaohinegun-

nest

nothingn-ess

machinegun-

nestmachi-

nemachine-gu-

nnest

machi-ne

gunne-st

gunne-ls

-

nest . He capturedoaptaredappeared the orecrewDrew. and toroedforcedstoredto reel the gunner toto-

point

T-

opcon

to-

point

T-

opcon

to-

point

T-

opconpoint out the looatlonlooationlocation ofot sixteen other nests . The7TheyThe7-

took

They-

took

Text-

book

They-

took

Text-

booktook NantlllolsNantillo18Nantillois byb7 noon ofot 28 September . The transportatransporta-transporttransporta-

tion

transporta-

tion

transporta-

tion

¬-

tionion oouldooaldcouldGouldcoaled not advanoeadvanaeadvanceadvantage beyond MontfauoonKontfaaoonMontagueContagion so oarrID1carryingoarrID1-

parti

carrying-

partiescarr-

yingcarrying-

partiCB

carr-ying

,partipartparties.. had tooarrtomorrowto ,. oarryhoary; foodtoodstood three milesmile a to the leadingleading-

trooplead-

ingleading-

troopslead-

ingleading-

trooplead-

ingtrooptroops. . The 79th were relieved by the 3d34 Division onon-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

onte

o-

ntir

en-

tirethe afternoonatternoon ofot 30 September . (1919(19)19( )

(16)16( 16)16) OOBCOB0GBOB p 808208 . (17)17(1'1)11( ' ) raJI'BJIBPR' pp 47 . (18)18( ) 0GBOGBOB pp 213213-(19)

21-319(19)19(19)C-

OB( ) TOnPR pp47pp '4747-

71' .

--7-7-.1-17-71-

The

'7-

The

-

. . . . . . . . .. ... . . . , . .. ,. . .. .. - ,. . . .'

. " . . . . .. . . . . . . - -. " . " . .. . . . .

. . . . .- .- . . . . ,. .

. . '" .. . . . . .-.,. .- -

5 . ApyANGflADVANCEPryingly Oj010202TrHE* TEETrHETHETffTiff I OORP3OORPS--OnOORPSOnCORPS--OnCORPSOOPS. - - On the extreme left-

ofle-

ftleftleft-

ot

leftm-

ost

left-

ofle-

ftotof the Army sectorseatorsenator the 92192492d Division , colored , was toto-

maintain

to-

rmenting

to-

maintain

to-

rmenting

to-

maintain

to-

rmentingmaintain oontaotcontaotcontactonto between the renohFrenohFrenchreno IV ArmyArm, and the 77th77th-

Division

77th-

Division

77th-

DivisionDivision *. The 98d92d were soon relieved and oontaotoontactcontactonto wa-

smaintained

as-

certainedwaswa-

smaintained

as-

certainedwa-

smaintained

as-

certainedmaintained by the 77th . (20)20( ) If the original I CorpsCorps-

plan

Corps-

man

Corps-

plan

Corps-

man

Corps-

plan

Corps-

manplan had worked the 77th would havehava had little more toto-

do

to-

oto-

do

to-

oto-

do

to-

odo than ""mopmop" up "' * the GermansGermane that had failedtatledtattled to evacuate-

the

evacu-ate

evaouateevacuateevaouate-

the

evacu-ate

evacuate-

the

evacu-atethe ArgonneJargoned . BButt the plan had failed . The forest waswas-

held

wa-

shed

was-

held

wa-

shed

was-

held

wa-

shedheld by the :LandwehrandwehrLander troops who had been there torfortoretor-

months

tor-

ments

for-

months

fo-

ments

for-

months

fo-

mentsmonths . Theyhe, had all the comfortsoomforts ofot home , and hadhad-

theatres

har-

dhearted

had-

theatres

har-

dhearted

had-

theatres

har-

dheartedtheatres and hospitals . It was a general rest campoampamp forfor-

battalions

for-

estations

for-

battalions

for-

estations

for-

battalions

for-

estationsbattalions that had been In active sectors . TheThe-

ooonpants

The-

occupants

T-eacup

The-

occupants

T-eacupooonpantsoccupants had been firing only enough to letlat the AlliesAlliesk-

nowAll-

iesAlliesk-

nowAll-

iesAlliesk-

nowAll-

iesknow they were still there .* IIff the FrenchFrenoh RhellingshellingHeelingRhelling-

annoyedHee-

lingshellinga-

nnoyedshel-

lingshellinga-

nnoyedshel-

lingannoyed their leisure and beer drinking they had onlyonly-

to

onl-y

only-

to

onl-y

only-

to

onl-yto retire to an electric-lightedelectriclightedeleotrlo-lightedeleotrloelectro- chamber deep In thethe-

ground

th-

ereonthe-

ground

th-

ereonthe-

ground

th-

ereonground , safesate from fire of any caliberoaliber . The woods was-

very

wa-

verwaswas-

very

wa-

verwas-

very

wa-

ververy thickthiokThiokol and artillery couldoouldGould not be usedBed by the 77th ;

controloontrol was difficultdittioultditto . TheyThsyThy gained the first day'sdaysda'sdas, '. . . . . . ,.

. " 6<$ jttt\t.i'ejtttt.iejtttt.i'etie. frtetthveEthel\>,ti. " ' > ' 'onon' o:.tlrtAtlrtAt.1mt1mLoretta. :'. . :

'ISWwereSwerve'tttt' .t '.

.. .

' ':slowed-upslowedup1 Swe'd-Swe'dSwedSwedeSwe'dup( ' - upti . ono'iiii'n-'Ain-Ain-ail'" therthe-theetherthe1J- . 'fteoonofelon1J.6annuo' na:.

'.

..u '. '.

: :

IstKistBy-

I

B-

I

y".

.

'

.:.:.

'.

"

1 OctoberOotober thethey, had advancedadvenoedadvemoedadenoid to a point northwestnorthweet otofot-

Blil.r'll'1

of-

Binawv'il

of-

Binamile

h-

obnailedBlil.r'll'1Blil.rll1Blilrll1Binawv'ilBinawvilBiaxial. '' 'L6 . (21)-

The

(21)-

The

(21)21(21)-

The

( )

The 28th Division , astride the AireAlraAiresAla River , suffered-

heavy

suffe-red

sufteredsufferedsuftered-

he.v

shutte-red

suffered-

heavy

suffe-redhe.vhevheheavy. , ocasualties& ualtielunalike fromtromtromp flanking fireflreflare , but advancedadvanoed as tarfarfar-

an

Ari-

an

far-

a

fara-

dan.a. ApremontAprlmontPremonitionApartment bybl 1'OotoOttoOctoberOotoberberbeer .

6 . THBTOTH3TB ATTACKATTAOK OP01OF THETICIB 35th DIVISI01--KapDIVISI01KapDIVISION--MapDIVISIONMapKnapDI7ISIOg! . - -- ( MBpBMp No.3)No.3No3No.3)-

A

No . 3)33)-

A

3)-

A

3-

A

)

A fewtewstew 4days.,. before the Initial attackattaok General Tr&QbTrQbTraubTurboTabTruub-

commanding

& ,.

oommandingcommanding the 35tb35th DivisionD1vtllon , notified the commandersoommandercommander otot-

both

ro-

bot

oof-

both

ro-

botff-

both

b-

othboth the 69th and 70th BrigadesBrigadlsBrigands that thethey, were relieved

(80)80(20)20( ) 0GBOGBOB pp 166168 . (81)81(21)21( ) 0GBOGBOB pppp1-

17,1715-

8

17617155 .

-8-8W-.88. 8-

5

8M.-

and replacedrepleoedreleased, them wiwithth commandersoommanders unknownunkno\munknomunknot\ to the ununitsunits-

(82)

unit-

s82

t te .

(22)22( 22)22) The plan was to attackattaok with aB columnniolumnnounoolumncolumn of brigadesbrigades-

with

briga-des

,.

with tthe 69th Leading . The regiments of the two brigadesbrigades-

to

brigad-esto be abreast and each regiment to have one battalion inin-

the

in-

ter

In-

the

In-

tecthe front Lines , one In support , and one In reserve . TheThe-

69th

The-

69th

The-

69th69th Brigade led offottOtto In the fog ; men barely being able toto-

Bee

ob-

ese

to-

see

th-

ose

to-

see

th-

oseBeesee more than ten yards . The 137th and 139thl39th went to thethe-

lefthel-

met

the-

lefthel-

met

the-

lefthel-

metleft of VauquolsVauquo19VauquoisVanquish Hill and the 138th and 140th to the rightright.-

The

rightT-

herig-

ht.

The 137th oamecamecarnefoamed underanderLander firetire about a milemtlemettle and a quarterquarter-

southeast

qua-rters

quarter-

southeast

qua-rters

quarter-

southeast

qua-rterssoutheast of VarennesVarenneVarenneqArdennesArlene ,

; but they continuedoontinued to advanoeadvanceadvance.-

The

advance-

The

advan-ce

.

The 139th oamecamefoamed under fire about a milemlle and a8 half beyondbeyond-

Varennes

bey-ond

beyond-

Varennes

bey-ondVarennesArdennes after enolrolingenoirolingencirclingenforcing It to the east . With the aidaid-

of

ad-

oaid-

of

ad-

oof tanks the 137th took VarennesArdennes and continuedoontinued , to bebe-

pinned

re-

pined

be-

pinned

re-

pinedpinned down later by machine-gunmachinegunmaohine-gunmaohine- fire north of VarennesArdennesVarenne-

sat

Ardenn-

esat 2:462462:45245: PM .

A battalion whiohwhich had been left ttoo ""mopmop" upup"-

Vauquols

up-

Vauquols

""

Vauquo1sVauquoisVanquish Hill accomplishedaooomplished ItsitaKita mission In 4645 mlnutes--amlnutesaminutes--aminutesmlnutesa-

talkminut-

estminutesa-

taskminut-

estminutes - - a-

task

B-

atastalktask whichwhioh the 'French'renohrenohreno said would take at least 72 hourshoursT-

'2"8y

hours-

T28y

*.. . . . . . . . . , . '" ' , '. .

'

..."' .

:

T.2T2'. " r ':' .AAAa"th-

ei

Aath-

ei

Aparthe-

id' :".tttt:. ;& ''

aU&okaUokattackaUk. 'tt' .& "a'- da-dadvanced

' ,n ' '

the- '

opposiopposingopposiAohoppositepp i'iiiii'

'orioriHori'irtdirt

" =

'oeoame-

"greater

oeoam-

egreater

oceano-

grapher

'aeoaareolaa'Mne ' "

:'. : : : :: :

greater . The 139thl39th moved east towardstoward. VeryVerIVerdi hopinghoplng toto-

-dwea'dirthe

t-o d-

wea'dirthe

d-

weadirthed-

eadlier.' .° .' ' "-"d"bht'jrddbhtjrd"d"bht'jrdthe" " nt'' 'ft" ' .tt-thethe.- e 138thl38th . '"TheThe1'be1be" 'T.37thT.37thT37th' 1371-37137.- thth

'

hadhad'

bebecomeoomeNome badlbadlybadly, mixedmixed-

with

mix-

edmixed-

with

mix-

edmixed-

with

mix-

edwith the 28th DivisionDivlsion . TheyThelEthel tried to reorganize andand-

then

ant-

hem

and-

then

ant-

hem

and-

then

ant-

hemthen dug in fortortore the night *.

The 138th had little resistancerealatanoereluctance until theythelEthel reaohedreachedreaohed-

OhePPJ

reached-

Oheppy

reac-hed

reached-

Oheppy

reac-hedOhePPJOheppyHeap ; but they took it wiwithth the aid ofot somelomelone tanks ,. thenthen-

a4vanoed

then-

advanced

hea-

dachethen-

advanced

hea-

dachea4vanoedadvanced to VerVeerVery, *. The 140th advancedadvenoedadenoid about a halfhalt milemile-

behind

misl-

abeling

mile-

behind

misl-

abeling

mile-

"behind

mile-

behind

misl-

abelingbehind" the 138th . VerVeerVery, was taken about 3:00300: o'olooktoolooktcookbooko'olook-

tafter

o ' oflook-

afterloc-

aterookok ,

after whiohwhlohwhichwho the brigade wasW.IWI. ordered to dig in for thethe-

night

he-

ightthe-

night

he-

ightthe-

night

he-

ightnight . BecauseBloaaeeCloacae the 137th wwaewaswade.. held aptapttheapothemup , the units gotgot-

Iwitohed

out-

weighed

got-

switched

ou-

twitted

got-

switched

ou-

twittedIwitohedswitchedWrithed . ( Plate No.4)No.4No4No . 4)4)

(23)23(22)22( ) HAH1 pp 66 . (23)23( ) HARAH pp 77-

9

7777-

9

.

"

-9-9-99- 9-

and

-.

" . , . . . . . . , .

General TraubTab consulted with the artillery oommandercommanderoommander-

and

commande-

ered

commander-

and

commande-

ered

commander-

and

commande-

eredand then Issued the order to attackattaok at 9:309308:30830: AM the nextnext-

morning

ext-

ortingnext-

morning

ext-

ortingnext-

morning

ext-

ortingmorning . Shortly after midnight the Corps order arrivedarrived-

statingarri-

vedarrived-

statingarri-

vedarrived-

statingarri-

vedstating the attachattaokattack would begin at 5:30530: AM . It was thenthen-

neoessa

Te-nneco

then-

necessary

ten-

anciesthen-

necessary

ten-

anciesneoessaNekoosanecessary for General TraubTab to changeohange his order , vthvtvhlohhalloichiohLichoh hehe-

did

he-

eded

he-

did

he-

eded

he-

did

he-

ededdid by personally seeing as many of his commandersoommanders as hehe-

could

de-

coupled

he-

could

de-

coupled

he-

could

de-

coupledcould find . "ThereThere'There"' waawasWada no supportingsapportlngsporting fire , but the attaokattackattaok-

finallycatab-

olically

attack-

finallycata-

clinalattack-

finallycata-

clinalfinally began at 6:00600: with the 70th Brigade in the leadlead.-

The

leadT-

heleat-

her

.

The 139thl39th advanQadvanceadvancedadvance behindbehlnd tanks , but soon the enemyenem-

yartilleryenem-

yartillery,artillery and anti-tankantitank- fire becamebeoame too strongtrong and tthethe-

tank

th-

etathe-

tank

th-

eta}

tank turned backbaokbook leeyleeryleaving, ingKing the foot troops ttoo dig In .

At 5:30530: PM on the second day a new attackattaok wasvaswas-

launohed

vas-

launched

va-

lancewa-

slaunched

as-

kancelaunohedlaunched towardtow6r OharpentryCharpentryCoherentlyCarpentry and Very . The regimentsregimentsb-

ecameregim-

entsregimentsb-

ecameregim-

entsregimentsb-

ecameregim-

entsbecame badly mixed and control was lostilostlost ; but the men diddid-

not

did-

n'tdid-

not

did-

n'tdid-

not

did-

n'tnot stop advancingadvanaingadvantaging until they reached a line north otofof-

Baulny

of-

B&ulny

of-

Bulny

n-

oblyaulnyBaulnyauntyBalmy& . The right units , 138thl3Bth and 140thl40th , graduallygradually-

driftedgradu-

allygradually-

driftedgradu-

allygradually-

driftedgradu-

allydrifted west during the attackattaok until contactoontact with thethe-

91st

the-

91st

the-

91st91st Division was lost and a large gap existed . (24)-

Oolonel

(24)-

Colonel

(24)24(24)-

Colonel

( )

ColonelOolonelOolong RistGristBistineRistineSistineKristineinecine with some men of the 159th139th surgedsurged-

tar

surg-

edsurged-

far

surg-

edsurged-

far

surg-

edtarfar ahead ofat the rest of the division and found himselfhimself-

near

hims-elf

himself-

near

hims-elf

himself-

near

hims-elfnear DrachenDraohenRanchmenDragomen surrounded by GermansGermanseGermaneGermansTheyGermanse. They took ttoo aa-

vheil

R-

avel

a-

shell

s-

hell . .. . . .. . .- . . . " - - . . . _ , - . .-

. . ."'ihellvheilhellveil holehole/holeholeTryinghollering/. Tryingrliri1g to return to ifhis 'reglmreglmregalregimentt he lostlost-

hig

cloth-

ing

lost-

his

clo-

ths

lost-

hia

lo-sthighisWhig direction and went further Into German territoryterritory.-

In

territory-

In

territor-y

.

In the graAgragray, oofotf morning heh8 found an abandoned GermanGerma-

noverooat

Germ-

anderGerma-

novercoat

Germ-

anderGerma-

novercoat

Germ-

anderoverooatovercoat and helmethllmet whichWhioh aidedaide4 him in a safesate retarnreturnreturn.-

He

return-

He

return-

ee

.

aeHe brought Information of two ammunition dumps andand-

several

indis-

coverable

and-

several

indis-

coverable

and-

several

indis-

coverableseveral batteries whichwhioh were quicklyquiak17 destroyed bbyby-

American

y-

ammerby-

American

y-

ammer

,AmerioanAmerican artilleryart111er7 . (26)26(25)25( ) During the day the 36th35th hadhad-

advanaed

had-

advanced

had-

advancedadvanaedadvancedadvantaged aboutaboatboat a mile and three quarters . The sreatestgreatestgreatestl-

oaves

grea-test

greatest-

losses

grea-test10.1.8101.81018loaves. . had been felt In the reserve regtmretregimentsntBtB from orOSBproseorsorOS-

Btire

poros-

ities

pros-

efire

cross-

fire

cros-

sflr

cross-

firetirefire ,.

(24)24( a, ) HABl pp 8999 . (26)26(25)25( ) HABA pp 90-

10

90 . i

.10-.10-10-10-.. 10'-

r

.1-

0General

-

.

.: :,:

'

.:

'rr'

::'

:: : '

.

"

. .

,

:' .

. . . '" . . . . . . . . -. .. . . .. .. ., . ., . . . .- - . . . . ' . ' . . . . - .

On the next day the attackattaok against MontrebeauMountebankMontrebeau-

Woods

Montrebeau-

WoodsWoods seemed futile . There seemed to behe no formation--

allformati-

on al-lformation--formationformation-

allformatio-

nal

formation-

allformatio-

nal

-- -

all regiments seemed to be groupgroupedd together . The gapgap-

between

ap-

petentgap-

between

ap-

petentgap-

between

ap-

petentbetween divisions had not been closedaloaedallocated . The AmerioanaAmericansAmericanaAmerioana-

were

Americ-ana

Americans-

were

Americ-ans

Americans-

were

Americ-answere on the edge of the woods ; but the Germans were inin-

the

in-

ter

in-

the

in-

ter

.

the woods fightingelghtingdelighting from behind trees as the AmerfAmberAmericanAmerican-

Indians

Americ-anizing

American-

Indians

Americ-anizing

anan-

Indiana

C-

anadianIndianaIndians did .

At 3:263263:25325: PMFM an attempt to reorganize the brigadesbrigades-

took

briga-des

brigades-

took

briga-des

brigades-

took

briga-destook placeplaoe . The brigade commandersoommanders were put in comman-

dof

comman-

do

oommandcommandoomman-

dot

comman-

do

comman-

dof

comman-

dootof the leading regiments hoping that the troops would bebe-

more

be-

mire

be-

more

be-

mire

be-

more

be-

miremore effectivelyeffeotively handled . The Division Commander had notnot-

stayed

out-

stayed

not-

stayed

out-

stayed

not-

stayed

out-

stayedstayed with his headquarters any of the three days , butbut-

had

bus-

tard

but-

had

bus-

tard

but-

had

bus-

tardhad been absent on long personal reconnaissancereoonnaissance .

At 6:30630: AM 29 SeptemberSeptamber the division started againagain-

in

agai-

nagain-

in

agai-

nagain-

in

agai-

nin a columnoolumn of regiments against BxermontExermontBelmontExperiment which thethe-

Germans

ste-

ersman

the-

Germans

ste-

ersman

the-

Germans

ste-

ersmanGermans were determined to hold . They tried several-

times

severa-

ltiesseveralseveral-

times

severa-

ltiesseveral-

times

severa-

ltiestimes during the day to take it and finally got In the-

town

thr-

own

thethe-

town

thr-

own

the-

town

thr-

owntown . General TraubTab went forward to see what thethe-

situation

he-

sitationthe-

e

the-

situation

he-

sitationsituatione i t uatianti on W88iwaawasWada ;, saw how depleted uhethehe ol"ganiz'e.tl"nsolganize.tlnsolganizetlnsurgan-lzatieensurganlzatieensorganizationsorganlateensurgburg" animation'sanimations- '. " ' were,'were-

how

we-

re.Mt'e.MteMtemate. ' ,

how strong the enemyanemAnne, waltwaltandWaltonwaawasWada , and ordered the divisiondivision-

baok

divisi-on

division-

beak

divisi-on

division-

back

divisi-onbaokbeakbook to a line along the heightsheight. ofot BaulnyBalmy RidSRidge' . (26)26(26)-

Some

(26)-

Some

(26)-

Some

26S-

ome

( )

Some of the units had already started to turn back .

The next day was ususedd for whatever reorganizationreorganization-

oould

reorganiza-tion

reorganization-

could

reorganiza-tion

reorganization-

oould

reorganiza-tionoouldcouldGould be done and strengthening their defense . The-

Germane

Ste-

ersman

TheThe-

Germans

Ste-

ersman

The-

Germane

Ste-

ersmanGermansGermane made feints at the outpost line ; but of nono-

oonsequenoe

no-

consequence

in-

consequence

no-

consequence

in-

consequenceoonsequenoeconsequence . Late in the afternoon orders arrived thatthat-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hedthe 1stlet Division would relieve them . (27)27( ) The 1stlet1st-

Division

let-

Division

lat-

Division

act-

ivationDivision slipped into position at 3:00300: AM 1 OotoberOctoberOctober.-

The

October-

The

Octob-er

.

The artl11erartillery, remained untilantl1 82 October to aid the l.tltlotl.t-

Division

lot-

Division

lat-

Division

act-

ivation

.Division and the SanitarySanltar1 Train oontinuedoont1nuedcontinued two days lonlongerar .

(86)86(26)26( ) HA pp 118112 . (27)27( ) fRRPR! pp 470470-

11

'4747-

11

77-

11

.

-11-11- 11-

On

11-

On

-

" -

' .,

, .. ,

,

rfVhatWhat remained of the 36th35th started toward the rearrear-

exhausted

rep-

urchased

rear-

exhausted

rep-

urchased

rear-

exhausted

rep-

urchasedexhausted , hungry , and oncrippledppledpled .

The entire line of the Army did very little exoeptexceptexoept-

hold

exe-mpt

except-

hold

exc-ept

exoept-

hold

exe-mpthold what they had gained untilunttl the attackattaok on 5 OctoberOctober-

which

Octo-ber

,

which is1s part of the 2d Phase of this great offensive .

7 . CONCLUSION-TheCONCLUSIONTheCOnC1USION--TheCOnC1USIONCOTTCLUSION--TheCOTTCLUSION. .- - 35th Division hadha.d. made a8 greatgreat-

advanoe

great-

advance

groat-

advanceadvanoeadvance , but its losses108ses were extremely heavy , amountingamounting-

toamounti-

ngto about 60 per cent . ManyUanyAny mistakes h&dhdhad& been made . TheTh-

efailure

H-ealer

Th-

efailure

H-ealer

Th-

efailure

H-ealerfailure to maintain any system of communicationcommuniaatlon exceptexoept byby-

runner

B-

yrneby-

runner

B-

yrneby-

runner

B-

yrnerunner was probably due to the poor telephone equipmontequipmentequipmon-

tfurnished

equip-ment

equipmen-

tfurnished

equip-ment

equipmen-

tfurnished

equip-mentfurnished . Some units had not brought their equipmentequipment-

to

equipme-

ntto the front In their rush to get to the new position ,.. tt-

WLret-

wirled'-

WireW-

ire'tlitulip/ / ( .'

WLreWire oommunioatlonAwascommunicationoommunicommuningcommunicationcaticacti on was finally put In between the brigades-

and

brigad-

esbrigades-

and

brigad-

esbrigadesbrigades-

and

brigad-

esand division headquarters worked only Intermittently ,.

'The'meme many changesohanges made in commandersoommanders on the eve ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe battle were very unfair to both the commandersoommanders andand-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hemthe units . The units had no especialespeaial confidenceoonfidenoe In theirtheiro-

ommanders

hei-rloom

theirc-

ommanders

phe-

romonestheirc-

ommanders

phe-

romonesoommanderscommanders and the commandersoommanders did not know theirtheir-

subordinate

their-

subordinate

their-

subordinatesubordinate officersoffioers . During the fight some of thethe-

oomman

Ta-

homa

the-

commanders

the-

commandersoommanOmancommanderserBSerb left their old commandaommand posts without determining-

where

determi-ning

determiningdetermining-

where

determi-ning

determining-

where

determi-ningwhere the newneVI! . .-

oneso-

nes.ones would betbe ,,, .andand.. . and . left-leftleft-no-personnelleftnopersonnelleftno.parsonnel-. no.parsonnelnoparsonnelnopersonnelneoprenesnoopersno . -personnelpersonnel.-- . .ata.t thethe-

old

he-

ldthe-

old

he-

ldthe-

old

he-

ldold commandoommand post to inform higher headquarters .

The attack should have been made with brigades sideside-

by

Sidn-

ey

side-

by

Sidn-

ey

side-

by

Sidn-

eyby a1sidede , instead ofot In 001columnumnmn . DuringDurl.ngDurlng. the beg1nnbeginningingKing ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe attackattaok the brigade was naturally split by VauquoisVanquishVauquoi-

sHill

Vanqu-

ishVauquoi-

sHill

Vanqu-

ishVauquol-

sHillHill . This was later correctedoorreoted when commandsoomma.ndsoommands. werewere-

switohed

wh-

erewith

were-

switched

wh-

erewith

were-

switched

wh-

erewithswitohedswitched . AfterAtterLatter 26 September orders usually did notnot-

reaoh

N-orah

not-

reach

out-

reach

not-

reach

out-

reachreaohreach the troops In time fortortore proper executionexeoution . LiaisonLiaison-

with

Liais-on

Liaison-

with

Liais-on

Llalaon-

withwith and support from the artlllerartillery, was poor--duepoorduepoor - -due chieflychiefly-

to

chiefl-yto the proproblemblemblend of gettgetgettingingKing the artillery up wl'thinwlthinwithinwl'thin-

lapport1ng

within-

supporting

within-

supporting'

lapport1ngsupporting dlstancedistanaedistancedlstance-

12

distanae-

12

distance-

12

.

-1212-12-12- 12-

What

.-..

The plan oPo P?, the whole attackatta.okattaok. was sound , and althoughalthough-

the

althou-gh

although-

the

althou-gh

although-

the

althou-ghthe troops werwertwearwetwert\wertwetwertunarerun\ unaLunaunable. bleable to keep upIIp to 1-h-1h1"J'f11Jf11-1f1f1hachedule-" ', - ,' acheduleCledulescheduleCalendula] asas-

planned

sp-

anned

as-

planned

sp-

anned

as-

planned

sp-

annedplanned bby higher headquarters , they did somesomA OOl1re.geousOOl1regeouscourageousOOl1re.geo-

usfighting

courageou-

sfighting

courag-eous

courageou-

sfighting

courag-eous

.

fighting in their attempt to keep up to schedulesohedule . TheTh-

erapid

The-

rapist

Th-

erapid

The-

rapist

Th-

erapid

The-

rapistrapid gains the first day show clearlyolearly the effect of aa-

surprise

s-

urprise

a-

surprise

s-

urprise

a-

surprise

s-

urprisesurprise attackattaok . Tho.l'ho.lholhoTheTheoloho'. ' enormousonormous casualty listli.ttlitt11.8-t11.8t11.8118titt.

. :! - of' AIlcricanAmericanGalicianAIlcrican-

troops

American-

troopsAmer-

icanAmerican-

troopsAmer-

ican!

troops shows the great power of flanking firerireBrie as usodusedsod byby-

the

b-yte

by-

the

b-yte

by-

the

b-ytethe Germans in their defensedefAnsadeans . If the AmericansArlericllnsAllergic had notnot-

had

notc-

hed

not-

had

notc-

hed

not-

had

notc-

hedhad suchsuohsough a majority of troops , as well as being veryvery-

aggressive

over-

aggressive

very-

aggressive

over-

aggressive

very-

aggressive

over-

aggressiveaggressive , the attackattaok would have moved . much slower oror-

may

No-

rma

or-

may

No-

rma

or-

may

No-

rmamay have been stopped indefinitely .

The rwthodmethodwithhold ooff attack used showedShOW9Q how penetratingpenetrating-

the

penetrati-ngthe line on both sides of an eneReneeneTgenetenemyT strong point generallygenerally-

oause

gener-ally

generally-

oauses

gener-ally

generally-

causes

gener-allyoauseoausespauseoases a8. withdrawal from the strong point . This waswa-

solearly

ab-

solver

wa-

sclearly

va-

scular

wa-

sclearly

va-

scularolearlyclearly shown in the advance on VauquoisVanquish Hill andand-

Montfauoon

and-

Montfauoon

and-

LuontfauoonMontfauoonMontague Heights-

13

Heights .

-13-13-.1313. 13-

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