richard scarborough environmental inspections + solutions eisinc
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SMC National Sustainable Building Advisor Program Designing Innovative Ventilation Systems for Good IAQ. Richard Scarborough Environmental Inspections + Solutions www.eisinc.ca. Natural Ventilation. Back to the Basics Breathe!. What’s Happening? When did it start? How will it end?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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SMC National Sustainable Building SMC National Sustainable Building Advisor ProgramAdvisor Program
Designing Innovative Ventilation Designing Innovative Ventilation Systems for Good IAQSystems for Good IAQ
Richard ScarboroughRichard Scarborough
Environmental Inspections + SolutionsEnvironmental Inspections + Solutions
www.eisinc.cawww.eisinc.ca
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Natural VentilationNatural Ventilation
What’s Happening?What’s Happening? When did it start?When did it start? How will it end?How will it end?
Back to the Basics
Breathe!
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Global WarmingPer Goat and Mouse
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Global Warming Conference
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You Can Build it You Can Build it But Can you Ventilate it?But Can you Ventilate it?
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There is no HopeThere is no HopeNew AnalysisNew Analysis
Pollution May Cause 40 Percent Pollution May Cause 40 Percent of Global Deathsof Global Deaths
By By Andrea Thompson, LiveScience , LiveScience Staff WriterStaff Writer
http://www.livescience.com/ posted: 10 September 2007 09:11 posted: 10 September 2007 09:11
AM ETAM ET
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No Hope for No Hope for Healthy ConstructionHealthy Construction
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Where I’ve LivedWhere I’ve LivedThe Dutch “Blow Through”The Dutch “Blow Through”
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Where I’ve LivedWhere I’ve Lived
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Where I Live NowWhere I Live Now
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What I BuildWhat I BuildWhere it StartedWhere it Started
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Thin Shelled Concrete StructureThin Shelled Concrete Structure
Thermal mass insideThermal mass inside Insulation outsideInsulation outside Performance = R60Performance = R60 10.0 earthquake proof10.0 earthquake proof Tornado proof / Bullet proofTornado proof / Bullet proof
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What I Intend to Live InWhat I Intend to Live In
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Jean Jean NouvelNouvel
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Jean Nouvel Jean Nouvel LA Green CondoLA Green Condo
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New ConstructionNew ConstructionEnergy ConservationEnergy Conservation
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Back to the BreathBack to the Breath What Sucks ? What Sucks ?
Wind: Wind: • From high to low pressureFrom high to low pressure• You can’t push a ropeYou can’t push a rope
Tornados: big time!Tornados: big time! Houses: 99%Houses: 99% Humans: 100%Humans: 100%
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22ndnd Law of Thermodynamics Law of Thermodynamics
Air moves from high to low pressureAir moves from high to low pressure• The bigger the hole, the more the pressure,The bigger the hole, the more the pressure, the greater the flowthe greater the flow
Moisture moves from:Moisture moves from:• Warm to CoolWarm to Cool• More to LessMore to Less• More to Less wins over Warm to CoolMore to Less wins over Warm to Cool
Implications for SoCalImplications for SoCal
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Stack EffectStack Effect
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Chimney EffectChimney Effect
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Reverse Stack Effect?Reverse Stack Effect?
When?When? Where?Where? How?How? ImplicationsImplications
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PressuresPressures
1 Pascal1 Pascal = 0.004 w.g = 0.004 w.g =0.000295”hg. = 0.000145 psi =0.000295”hg. = 0.000145 psi 9.8692×109.8692×10−6−6 atm atm
1 Pascal = 1 Post-it = 1 Gnat fart1 Pascal = 1 Post-it = 1 Gnat fart Combustion SafetyCombustion Safety
• Worst case scenarioWorst case scenario• The romantic eveningThe romantic evening
4 Pascals to backdraft a fireplace or 4 Pascals to backdraft a fireplace or water heaterwater heater
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Natural VentilationNatural Ventilation
Design ConsiderationsDesign Considerations• SiteSite• Building MaterialsBuilding Materials• Prevailing windsPrevailing winds• ClimateClimate• Day lightingDay lighting• Operable windowsOperable windows
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Natural VentilationNatural Ventilation
Knowledgeable & Tolerant usersKnowledgeable & Tolerant users Input source and locationInput source and location
• IH and EHIH and EH• Intake vs. exhaustsIntake vs. exhausts
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Natural VentilationNatural Ventilation
Wind EffectWind Effect Venturi EffectVenturi Effect Cooling TowerCooling Tower
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Displacement VentilationDisplacement Ventilation
Swamp CoolerSwamp Cooler
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Cooling Tower
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Downdraft cooling tower with evaporative media at top, exhaust through clerestory windows. Ref. WBDG
Zion National Park
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Psychrometric ChartPsychrometric ChartFind the point of condensation
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Vapor Diffusion
versus
Air Leakage
Moving Moisture
Where air goes water follows
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Foundations / CrawlsFoundations / CrawlsWhere it all startsWhere it all starts
Codes arbitrary in creation of crawl Codes arbitrary in creation of crawl ventingventing
New Seismic concerns create New Seismic concerns create labyrinthslabyrinths
Passive ventilation can’t workPassive ventilation can’t work Mechanic ventilation has inherent Mechanic ventilation has inherent
problems.problems. Crawl should be mini conditioned Crawl should be mini conditioned
basementbasement
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FoundationsFoundationsWhere it all startsWhere it all starts
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CrawlsCrawls
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Crawls Crawls
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CrawlsCrawlsDisconnected Drier VentDisconnected Drier Vent
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CleanSpace – Basement Systems
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Chlordane, DDTChlordane, DDT What it did to meWhat it did to me Construction debris: mold foodConstruction debris: mold food Leaky HVAC ducting=pollution Leaky HVAC ducting=pollution
distribution systemdistribution system Self composting homesSelf composting homes
• Are they green?Are they green?
CrawlsCrawlsWhat We FindWhat We Find
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What’s Wrong with this Picture?
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Fresh Air DilutionFresh Air Dilution What’s your criteria?What’s your criteria?
• SmellSmell
• COCO22
• VOCVOC• TVOCTVOC• SVOCSVOC• OccupancyOccupancy• SeasonSeason
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Fresh Air DilutionFresh Air Dilution
• COCO2 2 Sensor?Sensor?
• Formaldehyde levels even after heat Formaldehyde levels even after heat treatment do not begin to drop off in treatment do not begin to drop off in new home until after 2 yearsnew home until after 2 years
• How sensitive are the occupants?How sensitive are the occupants?• ACH-(air changes/hr) How real is it?ACH-(air changes/hr) How real is it?
With turbulent flow, 5 changes necessary for With turbulent flow, 5 changes necessary for complete dilution.complete dilution.
Circulation laminar channeling at bestCirculation laminar channeling at best
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Fresh Air DilutionFresh Air Dilution
ASHRAE 62ASHRAE 62• Old: 0.35 ACHOld: 0.35 ACH• Politics as usualPolitics as usual• CFM per person/square footCFM per person/square foot• Office, commercial, residentialOffice, commercial, residential• Schools, laboratory, smoking roomSchools, laboratory, smoking room• How much is too much?How much is too much?
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Air PathwaysAir Pathways
Typical wall airflow in stick frame house = Typical wall airflow in stick frame house = 6”/minute6”/minute
Where’s the air barrierWhere’s the air barrier Where are the penetrationsWhere are the penetrations
• ““Own your hole”Own your hole”• Pollutant pathways?Pollutant pathways?• CA Title 24CA Title 24
SVOC’s not easily sealed inSVOC’s not easily sealed in Does your home suck?Does your home suck? Stack / Reverse stack effectsStack / Reverse stack effects
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Any air pathways?
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Mechanical VentilationMechanical Ventilation
Push or Pull?Push or Pull? From where to whereFrom where to where Noise issuesNoise issues Velocity – draftiness, sensitivityVelocity – draftiness, sensitivity MixingMixing
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Push me-Pull mePush me-Pull me
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Got Leaks?
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Multi-Task:dryer vent and water heater flue
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Nike
“Just Do it!”
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Supply Ventilation System Integrated with Heating and A/C
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Pressure Differentials
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Case StudyCase Study Pt. Dume Doom Pt. Dume Doom
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Exhaust VentilationExhaust Ventilation
Bathroom exhaust fans: 60-150 cfmBathroom exhaust fans: 60-150 cfm Dryers: 200 cfmDryers: 200 cfm Kitchen exhaust: 100-2000cfmKitchen exhaust: 100-2000cfm With prudence, these can serve as With prudence, these can serve as
excellent whole house fansexcellent whole house fans
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Total ExhaustTotal Exhaust
500-2500 CFM500-2500 CFM Big time suctionBig time suction
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LEEDLEED
Make up your mind!Make up your mind! Underfloor designs – SMO libraryUnderfloor designs – SMO library VOC’s – VOC’s – Reformulated VOC’s = ?Reformulated VOC’s = ?
• Glycol based paints – the slow killGlycol based paints – the slow kill No concern for SVOC’sNo concern for SVOC’s
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Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill
““You can always count on You can always count on Americans to do the right thing - Americans to do the right thing - after they've tried everything after they've tried everything else.”else.”